WO2023160469A1 - 穿刺器及密封结构 - Google Patents

穿刺器及密封结构 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160469A1
WO2023160469A1 PCT/CN2023/076719 CN2023076719W WO2023160469A1 WO 2023160469 A1 WO2023160469 A1 WO 2023160469A1 CN 2023076719 W CN2023076719 W CN 2023076719W WO 2023160469 A1 WO2023160469 A1 WO 2023160469A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
main body
normally open
instrument
sealing part
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/076719
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张幸波
朱国征
张齐铭
宋进
赵亚平
Original Assignee
上海微创医疗机器人（集团）股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 上海微创医疗机器人（集团）股份有限公司 filed Critical 上海微创医疗机器人（集团）股份有限公司
Publication of WO2023160469A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160469A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421—Cannulas
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
    • A61B17/3417—Details of tips or shafts, e.g. grooves, expandable, bendable; Multiple coaxial sliding cannulas, e.g. for dilating
    • A61B17/3421—Cannulas
    • A61B2017/3445—Cannulas used as instrument channel for multiple instruments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a trocar and a sealing structure.
  • CO 2 gas will be injected into the abdominal cavity of the human body to establish pneumoperitoneum, which is an important operation process of laparoscopic surgery.
  • pneumoperitoneum expands the distance between the abdominal cavity and viscera, and viscera and viscera, thereby increasing the space in the abdominal cavity and providing the operator with a relatively wide field of view and operating environment.
  • Single-port laparoscopic surgery is a typical minimally invasive surgery. It can use endoscopes and multiple surgical instruments to perform complex surgical operations through a single tiny incision. Less risk of post-infection and other advantages.
  • a single-port multi-channel puncture device is required to establish passages for surgical instruments and endoscopes to enter the human body for surgical operations.
  • the channel is established through the trocar, in order to prevent the pneumoperitoneum pressure from dropping too quickly, there are sealing requirements for the state of the trocar not inserted into the instrument, the state of inserting the instrument, and the state of pulling out the instrument.
  • the trocar is provided with two layers of sealing structures, namely a normally open seal and a normally closed seal; the normally open seal is used to achieve the seal when the instrument is inserted; the normally closed seal is used to achieve the state of not inserting the instrument and pulling it out. of the seal.
  • the traditional sealing structure seals all instrument channels as a whole, which easily affects the sealing of adjacent instrument channels during use, and there is a risk of air leakage, which reduces the safety and reliability of the operation.
  • the traditional sealing structure also has the problems of complex structure, cumbersome installation process, and low sealing reliability of a single instrument channel, especially the problem of instrument jamming during the process of pulling out the instrument.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a trocar and a sealing structure, so as to realize the independent sealing of each instrument channel on the trocar and improve the reliability and safety of the seal.
  • the present invention provides a sealing structure for a trocar, the sealing structure comprising: a hollow main body; and a first normally open sealing part and a normally closed sealing part integrally connected with the main body sealing part;
  • the main body part is used to be arranged in the instrument channel of the trocar; the first normally open sealing part and the normally closed sealing part are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the main body part, and are positioned at the position where the instrument is inserted into the main body portion to enable the instrument to pass through the first normally open seal portion and the normally closed seal portion.
  • the present invention also provides a trocar, which includes an inner cannula device, the inner cannula device includes an inner cannula assembly and the sealing structure, the inner cannula
  • the assembly has a plurality of independently arranged instrument channels, and the sealing structure is arranged in the instrument channels.
  • the trocar and sealing structure provided by the present invention have the following advantages:
  • the sealing structure includes a hollow main body and a first normally open sealing part and a normally closed sealing part integrally connected with the main body, the main body is used to be arranged in the instrument channel of the trocar, the first A normally open sealing part and the normally closed sealing part are arranged in sequence along the axial direction of the main body part, and are located in the direction in which the instrument is inserted into the main body part, so that the instrument can pass through the first normally open sealing part portion and the normally closed seal portion.
  • the sealing structure can be used as an integral structure to perform normally open and normally closed sealing on a single instrument channel, and the sealing structure is simpler and the installation process is easier.
  • this integrated sealing structure has better sealing performance, improves the sealing performance of a single instrument channel, and can effectively reduce the risk of being stuck when the instrument is pulled out, reduces the difficulty of surgery, and reduces the risk of instrument damage.
  • each instrument channel is independently provided with a sealing structure, so that the instrument channels are independently sealed without affecting each other, effectively ensuring the sealing performance of adjacent instrument channels during use, and improving the safety and reliability of the operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of a trocar provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the puncture needle assembly and the outer cannula assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the inner sleeve assembly and the outer sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an exploded view of the inner sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a detailed view of the inner sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of direction A shown in Fig. 5 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7a and Figure 7b are isometric views of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention respectively;
  • Fig. 7c is a cross-sectional view of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8a and Fig. 8b are respectively isometric views of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention including the plug head and the plug head being in use;
  • Fig. 8c is an isometric view of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a plug and the plug is in an unused state;
  • Fig. 8d is a cross-sectional view of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a plug and the plug is in use;
  • Figure 8e is a cross-sectional view of the sealing structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention including a plug and the plug is in an unused state;
  • Fig. 9 is an isometric view of all the instrument channels on the inner sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention when a sealing structure is correspondingly provided and each sealing structure contains a plug head and the plug head is not in use;
  • Fig. 10 is an isometric view of a sealing structure corresponding to all the instrument channels on the inner sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and each sealing structure includes a plug and the plug is in use;
  • Fig. 11 is a detailed view of the inner casing assembly with multiple inner seals provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12a is an end view of the second normally open sealing part when multiple inner seals are provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 12b is a sectional view along the line B-B in Fig. 12a;
  • Figure 12c is an isometric view of the second normally open seal of Figure 12a;
  • Fig. 13a is a schematic perspective view of the three-dimensional structure of the inner guide tube of the inner sleeve assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13b is a front view of the inner guide tube in Figure 13a;
  • Figure 13c is a bottom view of direction C in Figure 13b;
  • Fig. 14a is an exploded view of an outer casing assembly with a built-in normally open sealing valve provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 14b is a cross-sectional view of the assembled outer sleeve assembly in Figure 14a;
  • Fig. 15a is an exploded view of the outer casing assembly of the external end face normally open sealing valve provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15b is a cross-sectional view of the assembled outer sleeve assembly in Figure 15a;
  • Fig. 16 is a front view of the puncture needle assembly provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • proximal and distal are used to refer to the relative orientation, relative position, relative position, direction.
  • Proximal and distal are not limiting, but “proximal” generally refers to the end closer to the operator of the product, and “distal” generally refers to the end farther from the operator of the product.
  • the present invention provides a trocar, an inner cannula device and a sealing structure, which can simplify the sealing structure and installation process, and improve the sealing of the instrument channel. performance, reduce the risk of instrument damage, improve the reliability and safety of single-port laparoscopic surgery, and reduce the difficulty of operation.
  • the puncture device disclosed in the present invention includes a puncture needle assembly, an outer sleeve assembly and an inner sleeve device, and the inner sleeve device and the puncture needle
  • the components are all intended to be inserted into the outer sleeve assembly.
  • insert the puncture needle assembly into the outer cannula assembly to establish the initial channel then withdraw the puncture needle assembly, then insert the inner cannula device into the outer cannula assembly to establish the surgical channel, and then insert the instrument into the inner sleeve after the surgical channel is established In the instrument channel provided by the tube set for surgical operation.
  • the puncture device disclosed by the present invention is a single-hole multi-channel puncture device, which is mainly used in single-hole laparoscopic surgery.
  • the inner cannula device disclosed in the present invention includes an inner cannula assembly and a sealing structure.
  • the inner cannula assembly has a plurality of independently arranged instrument channels, and the instrument channels are provided with sealing structures, and the sealing structures between the instrument channels are independent of each other. does not affect.
  • the sealing structure disclosed in the present invention is used to be arranged in the instrument channel of the inner cannula device.
  • the sealing structure disclosed in the present invention specifically includes a hollow main body part and a first normally open sealing part and a normally closed sealing part integrally connected with the main body part; the main body part is used to be arranged in the instrument channel of the trocar;
  • the normally closed sealing part and the normally closed sealing part are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the main body part, and are located in the direction in which the instrument is inserted into the main body part, so that the instrument can pass through the first normally open sealing part and the normally closed sealing part.
  • "one-piece connection” includes integral molding or interconnection after separate molding.
  • the trocar 100 provided by the embodiment of the present invention has its own installation interface 101 through which it is detachably connected to the mechanical arm 200 .
  • the installation interface 101 is a quick release interface.
  • the function of the mechanical arm 200 is to hold the puncture device 100 so as to facilitate the doctor to manipulate the device for operation.
  • This application has no requirements on the type of instruments, such as endoscope or surgical instruments, and the type of surgical instruments is not limited, such as surgical forceps, scissors, hemostatic forceps, etc., and can also be energy-type surgical actuators, such as electric cutters, Electrocoagulation head and so on.
  • the trocar 100 has a plurality of instrument channels 102 which are set independently of each other, and each instrument channel 102 can be inserted into one instrument.
  • the specific number of instrument channels 102 is not limited, as in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of instrument channels 102 is 4, which can be used for 4 instruments to enter and exit, of which 3 instruments are surgical instruments 31, and the other instrument is an endoscope 32 . It can be understood that, in some other embodiments, the number of instrument channels 102 may also be set to be less than four or more than four. The number of instrument channels 102 can be set according to surgical requirements.
  • the arrangement of the instrument channel 102 enables instruments to enter and exit the human body through the instrument channel 102 to realize minimally invasive surgery.
  • trocar 100 includes an outer sleeve assembly 110, an inner sleeve assembly and a puncture needle assembly 130, and the inner sleeve assembly includes an inner sleeve assembly 120; the inner sleeve assembly 120 and the puncture needle assembly 130 are all used Insert into the outer sleeve assembly 110; the puncture needle assembly 130 is first inserted into the outer sleeve assembly 110 for guiding the outer sleeve assembly 110 through the patient's cortex; the inner sleeve assembly 120 is then inserted into the outer sleeve assembly 110 for connecting with the sleeve Tube assembly 110 cooperates to form a surgical channel and guides external instruments into and out of the body through instrument channel 102 on inner cannula assembly 120 .
  • the operation process of the trocar 100 in the embodiment of the present invention generally includes the following steps:
  • the puncture needle assembly 130 is detachably connected to the outer cannula assembly 110 , so that the puncture needle assembly 130 cannot move axially relative to the outer cannula assembly 110 but can only rotate circumferentially.
  • the needle in the puncture needle assembly 130 is completely exposed to the distal end of the outer cannula assembly 110, and the gap between the needle and the outer cannula assembly 110 is very small, so that no tissue is stuck when puncturing the human body. .
  • the puncture needle assembly 130 and the outer cannula assembly 110 are snapped and fixed by a button; when the puncture needle assembly 130 is inserted into the outer cannula assembly 110, the button on the outer cannula assembly 110 is triggered and automatically snapped and fixed with the puncture needle assembly 130 ; When the puncture needle assembly 130 needs to be pulled out, press the button on the outer cannula assembly 110 to release the connection, and the puncture needle assembly 130 is taken out.
  • the button is only an optional connection method, and the present invention can also adopt other detachable connection methods to realize the puncture needle Removable connection between assembly 130 and outer cannula assembly 110 .
  • FIG. 3 shows the structural state of inserting the inner sleeve assembly 120 into the outer sleeve assembly 110 after withdrawing the puncture needle assembly 130 .
  • the instrument channel can be established, and the inner sleeve assembly 120 cannot move axially relative to the outer sleeve assembly 110 but can only Circumferential rotation.
  • the surgical instruments 31 and the endoscope 32 can be inserted into the corresponding instrument channels 102 in the inner sleeve assembly 120 .
  • One instrument is detachably installed in each instrument channel 102 .
  • the inner sleeve assembly 120 and the outer sleeve assembly 110 are fixed by snap-fitting or bayonet locking.
  • the button on the outer sleeve assembly 110 is automatically snapped and fixed with the inner sleeve assembly 120; when the inner sleeve assembly 120 needs to be removed, press the button again to The connection can be disconnected, and the inner sleeve assembly 120 can be taken out.
  • the outer sleeve assembly 110 can be connected with the inner sleeve assembly 120 and the puncture needle assembly 130 through the same button.
  • the inner sleeve assembly 120 includes an inner sleeve upper cover 1201 , a sealing ring 1202 , an inner sleeve main body 1203 and an inner guide tube 1204 arranged in sequence in the axial direction;
  • the inner casing upper cover 1201 is fixedly connected with the inner casing main body 1203, such as fixedly connecting the inner casing upper cover 1201 and the inner casing main body 1203 through a plurality of connecting screws 1205; the inner casing main body 1203 and the proximal end of the inner guide tube 1204 Fixed connection, such as the glue bonding of the two or other mechanical connection methods to achieve fixation, to ensure the sealing of the two;
  • the sealing ring 1202 is arranged between the inner sleeve upper cover 1201 and the inner sleeve main body 1203, for ensuring The airtightness between the inner sleeve upper cover 1201 and the inner sleeve main body 1203; the inside of the inner guide
  • all the instrument channels 102 of the inner casing upper cover 1201 are provided with a sealing structure 140, and the sealing structure 140 independently seals each instrument channel 102, so that the sealing properties between the instrument channels 102 do not affect each other, ensuring the sealing effect, Avoid the risk of air leaks.
  • the sealing structure 140 is an integrated sealing structure, preferably integrally processed and formed, such as integrally produced and formed by mold injection molding.
  • This one-piece sealing structure 140 has a simple structure and is easy to install, especially has good sealing performance, and it is not easy to cause the problem of the instrument being stuck when the instrument is pulled out.
  • the sealing structure 140 is mainly made of elastic compressible materials, such as elastic compressible materials such as silica gel and rubber, but the present invention is not limited to specific elastic compressible materials, and any material that can achieve the same or similar functions is also suitable for making the present invention The sealing structure 140.
  • the sealing structure 140 includes a hollow main body part 143 and a first normally open sealing part 141 and a normally closed sealing part 142 integrally connected with the main body part 143;
  • the channel 102 is fixedly connected, and the two are usually detachably connected, preferably an interference fit connection;
  • the first normally open sealing part 141 and the normally closed sealing part 142 are sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the main body part 143, and are located in the instrument insertion main body part 143, so that the instrument can pass through the first normally open sealing part 141 and the normally closed sealing part 142 in sequence.
  • the instrument when the instrument is inserted into the main body 143, the instrument passes through the first normally open sealing part 141 and the normally closed sealing part 142 in sequence, and the first normally open sealing part 141 realizes the sealing when the instrument is inserted, and passes through the normally closed sealing part.
  • Portion 142 achieves a seal in the uninserted and removed states of the instrument.
  • the first normally open sealing part 141 can be arranged inside or outside the main body part 143, and the normally closed sealing part 142 can also be arranged inside or outside the main body part 143, but these sealing parts need to be arranged in the axial direction of the main body part 143 .
  • the main body part 143 is interference-fitted with the instrument channel 102 in the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve.
  • the outer diameter of the main body portion 143 is preferably larger than the inner diameter of the instrument channel 102 so that the main body portion 143 is connected to the instrument channel 102 with an interference fit.
  • the overall shape of the main body part 143 generally corresponds to the shape of the instrument channel 102 , as in the embodiment of the present invention, the main body part 143 is generally cylindrical in shape to fit the same circular instrument channel 102 .
  • the axial length of the instrument channel 102 in the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve is generally short, and under this limitation, the number of the first normally open sealing part 141 and the normally closed sealing part 142 is generally only set to one. Therefore, the overall size of the sealing structure 140 is small, the structure is simple, the installation is also convenient, and the device is not easy to be stuck when the device is pulled out.
  • the first normally open sealing portion 141 is disposed inside the main body portion 143 and is preferably disposed near the proximal end of the main body portion 143, and the normally closed sealing portion 142 is at least partially disposed at the distal end of the main body portion 143. external.
  • the normally closed seal 142 is disposed entirely outside of the distal end of the main body portion 143 .
  • a normally closed state i.e. a sealed state
  • the proximal end of the lumen of the main body 143 forms a sealed state by the interference fit between the first normally open sealing portion 141 and the instrument, and the body of the main body 143
  • the normally closed sealing part 142 at the distal end of the lumen is in an open state.
  • the normally closed sealing part 142 also wraps the instrument, the first normally open sealing part 141 plays the role of proximal sealing at this time; , the distal end of the lumen of the main body portion 143 continues to be in a normally closed state by the normally closed sealing portion 142 .
  • the main body 143 is provided with a normally closed sealing part 142 and a first normally open sealing part 141 in sequence from the proximal end to the distal end, and the normally closed sealing part 142 is arranged inside the main body 143 and is close to the main body
  • the proximal end of the body portion 143 is disposed, and the first normally-open sealing portion 141 is at least partially disposed outside the main body portion 143 .
  • the first normally open sealing portion 141 is entirely disposed outside the distal end of the main body portion 143 .
  • the proximal end of the lumen of the main body 143 is in a normally closed state by the normally closed sealing part 142, and the distal end of the lumen of the main body 143 is controlled by the first normally open sealing part 141 Form a normally open state; then when the instrument is inserted into the main body 143, the distal end of the lumen of the main body 143 is in a sealed state by the first normally open sealing portion 141, and the proximal end of the lumen of the main body 143 is basically in an open state, normally Although the closed sealing part 142 also wraps the instrument, the first normally open sealing part 141 mainly plays the role of distal sealing at this time; then when the instrument withdraws from the main body part 143, the proximal end of the inner cavity of the main body part 143 continues to be sealed by the normally closed sealing part. Part 142 is controlled to form a normally closed state.
  • the first normally open sealing portion 141 is disposed inside the main body portion 143 , and the normally closed sealing portion 142 is entirely disposed outside the distal end of the main body portion 143 .
  • Such setting can better ensure the sealing performance when the instrument is inserted and pulled out of the instrument channel 102, and the sealing effect is better.
  • the first normally open sealing part 141 has an annular sealing lip 1411 for wrapping the instrument, and the inner diameter of the annular sealing lip 1411 is smaller than the outer diameter of the instrument, so that after the instrument is inserted, the annular sealing lip 1411 tightly Wrap the instrument to ensure airtightness.
  • the first normally open sealing part 141 also has a transition section 1412 axially connected to the annular sealing lip 1411, the transition section 1412 is arranged on the proximal side of the annular sealing lip 1411, and the inner diameter of the transition section 1412 is from the proximal end to the distal end Decrease in turn; during the operation, the transition section 1412 can increase the deflection range of the annular sealing lip 1411, the sealing effect is better, the application range is wider, and it can also guide the insertion of the instrument and reduce the resistance when the instrument is inserted.
  • the first normally-open sealing part 141 is a hollow circular platform structure with a large proximal end and a small distal end, which can better seal the instrument and is not likely to cause jamming when the instrument is pulled out.
  • the normally closed sealing part 142 has a slit 1421 through which instruments can pass.
  • the slit 1421 is arranged at the bottom of the normally closed sealing part 142 .
  • the slit 1421 is closed when no instrument is passed through.
  • the present invention has no special limitation on the shape of the slit 1421, for example, it may be a cross shape, a straight shape or other shapes.
  • the slit 1421 is a cross-shaped structure, and each angle of the slit 1421 has a concave notch 1422 , and the four notches 1422 are distributed symmetrically about the center, and the notches 1422 are preferably arc-shaped grooves.
  • the outer surface of the main body 143 is provided with an annular positioning groove 1431, which is used to cooperate with the boss on the inner wall of the instrument channel 102, and plays the role of axial positioning, so that the installation of the sealing structure 140 is more accurate, and it is also less easy to move. bit.
  • the positioning groove 1431 is disposed between the first normally-open sealing part 141 and the normally-closed sealing part 142 .
  • the main body part 143 has a thick-walled part 1432 ; the thick-walled part 1432 is provided at the proximal end of the normally closed sealing part 142 , and/or the thick-walled part 1432 is provided at the proximal end of the first normally-open sealing part 141 .
  • the wall thickness of the thick wall part 1432 is greater than the wall thickness of the rest of the main body part 143, thereby increasing the rigidity of the normally closed sealing part 142 and/or the first normally open sealing part 141,
  • the normally closed sealing part 142 and/or the first normally open sealing part 141 are prevented from flanging, and the flanging will affect the sealing performance of the operation.
  • reinforcing ribs 1423 are provided on the outer surface of the normally closed sealing portion 142 , and the number of reinforcing ribs 1423 may be one or more.
  • a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1423 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the normally closed sealing portion 142 .
  • the reinforcing rib 1423 extends from the distal end of the thick-walled portion 1432 to the distal end of the normally closed sealing portion 142 and protrudes outside the normally closed sealing portion in the circumferential direction.
  • the setting of the reinforcing rib 1423 can increase the rigidity of the normally closed sealing part 142 and prevent the normally closed sealing part 142 from flanging when the instrument exits the instrument channel 102 .
  • the inner wall of the main body 143 is preferably embedded with a rigidity reinforcement 144, the rigidity reinforcement 144 is mainly arranged at the position where the body 143 matches the instrument channel 102, and the rigidity of the rigidity reinforcement 144 is greater than that of the main body.
  • the rigidity of the part 143 is used to improve the structural rigidity and increase the frictional force at the matching position between the main body part 143 and the instrument channel 102, which can effectively prevent the sealing structure 140 from being taken out accidentally when the instrument exits the instrument channel 102, and reduce the risk of the sealing structure 140 falling off. risk.
  • the rigidity enhancing part 144 is disposed at the proximal end of the first normally open sealing part 141 .
  • the rigidity enhancement part 144 is generally made of metal material, which can significantly improve the structural rigidity and increase the frictional force. It is preferable that the rigidity reinforcement part 144 is made of a material with good elasticity such as stainless steel. In other embodiments, the rigidity enhancing part 144 may also be made of a non-metallic material with sufficient rigidity.
  • the rigidity reinforcement part 144 may be an annular structure, or a plurality of rigidity reinforcement parts 144 may be arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction.
  • a sufficiently large release groove 1433 is provided inside the main body portion 143 , and the release groove 1433 is located outside the distal end of the annular sealing lip 1411 of the first normally open sealing portion 141 .
  • the release groove 1433 not only provides enough avoidance space for the instrument to be inserted into the first normally-open sealing part 141, but also can reduce the resistance when the instrument is inserted, and reduce the risk of the instrument being stuck.
  • the sealing structure 140 comprises a plug 145 . That is, the plug head 145 can be inserted into the main body portion 143 , and the plug head 145 is inserted into the main body portion 143 to cooperate with the first normally-open sealing portion 141 to achieve sealing when the device is not inserted and pulled out.
  • the plug head 145 and the main body portion 143 are provided independently or integrally connected, preferably the plug head 145 is integrally connected with the main body portion 143 .
  • the setting of the plug head 145 adds a layer of normally closed sealing function to the sealing structure 140, which can play a double sealing role, and can also ensure the sealing performance of the trocar through the plug head 145 when the normally closed sealing part 142 fails.
  • the plug head 145 can cooperate with the first normally open sealing part 141 to further prevent air leakage, ensure the normal use of the trocar, and ensure the sealing performance, thereby Further improve the reliability and safety of the seal.
  • the plug head 145 is integrally formed with the main body 143 , that is, the sealing structure 140 is provided with a plug head 145 as a whole.
  • the plug head 145 and the main body 143 can be molded separately and then connected.
  • the plug head 145 is also made of elastic and compressible materials, such as elastic and compressible materials such as silica gel and rubber.
  • the plug head 145 is inseparably connected to the main body 143 through the connecting band 1453 .
  • the plug 145 When not in use, the main body 1452 of the plug head is suspended by the connecting band 1453 , and this integral sealing structure 140 can prevent the plug head 145 from dropping during the operation, and can also prevent the plug head 145 from being lost when not in use.
  • the plug 145 includes a plug handle 1451 and a plug body 1452 integrally connected; the plug body 1452 is partly inserted into the main body 143 and closely cooperates with the first normally-open sealing portion 141 to achieve a sealing effect.
  • the setting of the plug handle 1451 is convenient for the doctor to put the plug 145 into the main body 143 by hand.
  • a cavity with an open end is provided inside the plug body 1452 to increase the deformation of the plug and reduce the difficulty of plug insertion and removal.
  • Figures 8c and 8e illustrate the open state when the plug body 1452 is not inserted into the main body 143. In this state, during the operation, the plug 145 does not need to be inserted into the main body 143, and the instrument enters from the lumen of the main body 143. Surgical manipulations are performed in vivo.
  • Figures 8b and 8d illustrate the state of use when the plug main body 1452 is inserted into the main body 143. In this state, the instrument is not inserted into the main body 143, and the plug main body 1452 is wrapped by the first normally open sealing part 141 to provide a seal. effect.
  • the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve is provided with a seating groove 103 for accommodating the connecting band 1453 , and the seating slot 103 is provided on the proximal surface of the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve.
  • the number of seating grooves 103 corresponds to the number of plug heads 145 . Therefore, when the plug head 145 is not in use, it is suspended outside the inner sleeve assembly 120 under the action of gravity, which does not affect the operation of the device, and has a reasonable structure and convenient operation.
  • the width of the top of the placement groove 103 is greater than that of the bottom, so as to facilitate the entry and exit of the connection belt 1453 , that is, the cross-sectional shape of the placement groove 103 is trapezoidal.
  • the principle of setting the exposed distance of the plug head 145 is to minimize the maximum outer diameter of the inner sleeve assembly 120 .
  • the distance between the inner side of the plug body 1452 and the outer side of the inner casing upper cover 1201 is 1-4 mm; if the distance is too large, It is easy to cause interference between the plug head and the inner sleeve assembly 120, and increase the outer diameter of the inner sleeve assembly 120; if the distance is too small, it will increase the difficulty of hanging the plug head outside the inner sleeve assembly. As shown in FIG.
  • the quantity of plug head 145 can be set according to operation needs, that is, can Any number of plug heads can be selected, and the plug heads 145 do not interfere with each other, operate independently, and have high applicability.
  • FIG. 11 shows a preferred embodiment in which the second normally open sealing portion 146 is disposed in the inner sleeve body 1203 . That is, the inner cannula device provided by the embodiment of the present invention also includes a second normally open sealing part 146 to further increase the sealing performance during the operation, specifically, the second normally open sealing part can be provided directly under the sealing structure 140 146.
  • the newly added second normally-open sealing part 146 can be integrally connected with the sealing structure 140 or set independently.
  • the advantage of integral connection is simple structure and low cost, while the advantage of independent setting is that they do not interfere with each other and the sealing effect is better.
  • the second normally-open sealing portion 146 and the sealing structure 140 are provided independently of each other. It should be understood that the second normally-open sealing portions 146 in each instrument channel 102 are also set independently of each other and do not affect each other.
  • the second normally open sealing part 146 is closely matched with the instrument channel 102 in the inner sleeve body 120, and is preferably fixed with an interference fit. For details, please refer to the connection between the first normally open sealing part 141 and the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve. method, which will not be described in detail here.
  • a fixing block 1206 is provided inside the inner sleeve body 1203 near the proximal end, and the fixing block 1206 has an axially through inner cavity, and the proximal outer wall of the second normally open sealing part 146 is connected to the outer wall of the proximal end.
  • the inner cavity of the fixed block 1206 is closely fitted and fixed, for example, the fixed block 1206 is fixed with an interference fit with the second normally open sealing portion 146 .
  • the second normally open sealing part 146 is provided, then in each instrument channel 102, two normally open sealing parts and one normally closed sealing part are arranged in sequence along the axial direction, as in this embodiment, the first normally open sealing part
  • the sealing part 141 , the normally closed sealing part 142 , and the second normally open sealing part 146 are arranged sequentially from the proximal end to the distal end, which can better seal the instrument channel.
  • the first normally open sealing part 141 and the normally closed sealing part 142 are arranged in the instrument passage 102 of the upper cover 1201 of the inner sleeve
  • the second normally open sealing part 146 is arranged in the instrument passage 102 of the inner sleeve main body 1203 .
  • the structure of the second normally open sealing part 146 is basically similar to that of the sealing structure 140.
  • the second normally open sealing part 146 also has an annular sealing lip 1411 for wrapping the instrument, preferably the second normally open sealing part 146 At least one of the rigid reinforcement part 144 embedded in the inner wall, the positioning groove 1431 and the thick wall part 1432 is included.
  • the similarities between the second normally open sealing portion 146 and the sealing structure 140 will not be described again, and the same reference numerals are used for the same parts, and different reference numerals are used for different parts.
  • the main difference between the second normally open sealing part 146 and the sealing structure 140 is that the second normally open sealing part 146 does not have a normally closed sealing function but only has a normally open sealing function, but the second normally open sealing part 146 can be set longer, That is, the elongated transition section 1461 is provided, so that the deflection range of the annular sealing lip of the second normally open sealing part 146 can be increased during the operation, so that the sealing effect is better and the application range is wider. That is, the length of the transition section 1461 of the second normally open sealing part 146 is greater than the length of the transition section 1412 of the first normally open sealing part 141 .
  • the second normally open sealing part 146 is also provided with reinforcing ribs 1423 on the outer surface of the transition section 1461 to increase the structural rigidity and prevent the transition section 1461 from turning inward and being accidentally taken out to cause falling off.
  • the proximal outer surface of the inner guide tube 1204 of the inner sleeve assembly 120 is provided with a glue groove 12041 for connection, and the glue groove 12041 is filled with glue to bond the inner sleeve body 1203.
  • the inner guide tube 1204 has an axially penetrating instrument channel 102 and an airflow channel 12042 for gas injection; the airflow channel 12042 is used for the passage of gas to establish an insufflation.
  • the air flow channel 12042 is defined on the outer wall of the inner guide tube 1204 and extends axially from the proximal end to the distal end. The proximal end of the air flow channel 12042 should enter the outer sleeve body of the outer sleeve assembly 110 to introduce gas.
  • the outer sleeve assembly 110 includes an outer sleeve upper cover 1101, an outer sleeve seal 1102, an outer sleeve main body 1103 and an outer sleeve 1104 arranged in sequence in the axial direction; the outer sleeve upper cover 1101 and the outer sleeve main body 1103 Fixed connection: the outer cannula main body 1103 is fixedly connected to the proximal end of the outer cannula 1104 , for example, the two are fixed by glue bonding or combined with mechanical connection, and the airtightness is ensured.
  • the outer sleeve seal 1102 is arranged between the outer sleeve upper cover 1101 and the outer sleeve body 1103, and provides a seal when the puncture needle assembly 130 and the inner sleeve assembly 120 enter and exit the outer sleeve assembly 110; the outer sleeve 1104 is used for insertion into the abdomen , to establish a surgical channel; the outer sleeve seal 1102 includes a normally open sealing valve and a normally closed sealing valve arranged in sequence in the axial direction, and the normally closed sealing valve is at least partly disposed in the outer sleeve main body 1103 .
  • the outer casing seal 1102 has an integrated structure, and includes a normally open sealing valve 1102a and a normally closed sealing valve 1102b, and the normally open sealing valve 1102a and the normally closed sealing valve 1102b one-piece connection, Preferably, the two are integrally formed, wherein the normally closed sealing valve 1102b is arranged inside the outer sleeve main body 1103 and near the proximal end, and the normally open sealing valve 1102a is arranged inside the upper cover 1101 of the outer sleeve for radial sealing.
  • the normally open sealing valve 1102a is set at the P1 position
  • the normally closed sealing valve 1102b is set at the P2 position.
  • the P1 position is usually a position close to the outer sleeve body 1103 inside the outer sleeve upper cover 1101, and the P2 position is in the outer sleeve upper cover 1101.
  • the interior of the main body 1103 can generally refer to the structure of the above normally open sealing part, and the structure of the normally closed sealing valve 1102b can also refer to the above structure of the normally closed sealing part.
  • the outer sleeve seal 1102 is an independent structure, that is, the normally open sealing valve 1102a and the normally closed sealing valve 1102b are set independently of each other, and the normally open sealing valve 1102a is set in the outer casing
  • the proximal end face of the tube upper cover 1101 is used for sealing the axial end face, but the normally closed sealing valve 1102b continues to be disposed inside the outer sleeve main body 1103 and is disposed near the proximal end.
  • the axial end face seal optimizes the sealing method of the outer sleeve assembly 110 , and reduces the resistance when the inner sleeve assembly 120 and the puncture needle assembly 130 enter and leave the outer sleeve assembly 110 under the premise of ensuring the sealing performance.
  • the outer surface of the normally closed sealing valve 1102b is provided with reinforcing ribs to increase the rigidity of the structure.
  • valve 1102a there are two normally open sealing valves 1102a, one for radial sealing and the other for axial end face sealing, and the normally open sealing valve 1102a for radial sealing is the same as the normally closed sealing valve.
  • Valve 1102b is preferably integrally connected.
  • an insufflation valve 1105 and a button 1106 are provided on the outer cannula main body 1103; the insufflation valve 1105 is a channel for introducing CO gas to maintain abdominal pressure, or for smoke exhaust or other functions; the button 1106 is used to connect with the puncture needle assembly 130 or the inner cannula assembly 120 .
  • the button 1106 can be connected to the puncture needle assembly 130 or the inner cannula assembly 120 under the cooperation of the button shaft 1107 and the torsion spring 1108 .
  • the puncture needle assembly 130 includes a needle base 131, a needle tube 132 and a needle head 133 which are sequentially connected in the axial direction; wherein the needle tube 132 and/or the needle head 133 adopt a hollow tube weight reduction design, which has a better hand feeling and more convenient puncture operation
  • the needle base 131 and the needle head 133 are all fixedly connected with the needle tube 132, and its connection mode can be glued, threaded or laser welding in any one form or multiple combination forms, and can also be integrally formed, and the preferred material is a plastic tube.
  • Weight reduction after the assembly is completed, the inside and outside of the puncture needle assembly 130 have airtight requirements, the purpose is to isolate the leakage of liquid from entering, and ensure the thorough postoperative sterilization.
  • the present invention avoids the mutual influence between the instrument channels during the operation process through the independent sealing structure of each instrument channel, improves the sealing performance, simplifies the sealing structure and installation process, and reduces the risk of being stuck when removing the instrument.
  • the risk of death improves the safety and reliability of the operation.
  • the sealing structure has been strengthened.
  • the thick wall and ribs can increase the rigidity of the sealing structure, prevent the flanging when the instrument is withdrawn, further increase the sealing reliability, and improve the safety and reliability of the operation.
  • a layer of normally closed sealing function is added to the plug head, which can play a double sealing role, and can also ensure the sealing performance of the trocar through the plug head when the other normally closed sealing part fails.
  • the normally open sealing valve is arranged on the proximal end face of the upper cover of the outer sleeve for axial end face sealing, which can effectively reduce the resistance of the inner sleeve assembly and the puncture needle assembly entering and leaving the outer sleeve assembly, reduce the difficulty of the operation, and shorten the operation time. time.

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Abstract

一种穿刺器(100)及密封结构(140)，穿刺器(100)包括外套管组件(110)、内套管装置和穿刺针组件(130)，内套管装置包括内套管组件(120)和密封结构(140)，内套管组件(120)具有多个独立的器械通道(102)，器械通道(102)中设置密封结构(140)，密封结构(140)包括中空主体部(143)以及与主体部(143)一体式连接的第一常开密封部(141)和常闭密封部(142)，主体部(143)用于设置在器械通道(102)中，第一常开密封部(141)和常闭密封部(142)沿主体部(143)的轴向依次设置并位于器械插入主体部(143)的方向上，以使器械能够穿过第一常开密封部(141)和常闭密封部(142)。如此配置，改善了穿刺器(100)的密封性能，同时也简化了密封结构(140)和安装过程，提升了手术的安全性和可靠性。

Description

穿刺器及密封结构 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器械技术领域，特别涉及一种穿刺器及密封结构。
背景技术
在微创伤腹腔镜手术过程中会先向人体腹腔冲入CO2气体，建立气腹，这是腹腔镜手术的重要操作过程。充足的气腹撑开了腹腔与脏器、脏器与脏器之间的距离，从而增大了腹腔空间，为术者提供了相对宽阔的视野和手术环境。
单孔腹腔镜手术就是典型的微创伤手术，可以利用内窥镜及多把手术器械，通过单一微小切口进行复杂的手术操作，具有出血少、疼痛感轻、术后恢复快且美观、术后感染风险小等优点。
在单孔腹腔镜手术中，建立气腹后，还需要单孔多通道的穿刺器建立手术器械及内窥镜进入人体的通道，以便进行手术操作。通过穿刺器建立通道后，为了防止气腹压力的下降过快，对穿刺器未插入器械状态、插入器械状态以及拔出器械状态都有密封性要求。一般的，穿刺器上设置有两层密封结构，即常开密封和常闭密封；常开密封用于实现插入器械状态时的密封；常闭密封用于实现未插入器械和拔出器械状态时的密封。
但是传统的密封结构属于整体密封所有器械通道，在使用过程中容易影响相邻器械通道的密封性，存在漏气的风险，降低了手术的安全性和可靠性。此外，传统的密封结构还存在结构复杂，安装过程繁琐，以及单个器械通道的密封可靠性低的问题，特别在拔除器械的过程中易发生器械卡死的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种穿刺器及密封结构，以实现穿刺器上的各个器械通道的独立密封，提升密封的可靠性和安全性。
为实现上述至少一个目的，本发明提供了一种密封结构，用于穿刺器，所述密封结构包括：中空主体部；以及与所述主体部一体式连接的第一常开密封部和常闭密封部；
所述主体部用于设置在所述穿刺器的器械通道中；所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部沿所述主体部的轴向依次设置，并位于器械插入所述主体部的方向上，以使所述器械能够穿过所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部。
为实现上述至少一个目的，本发明还提供了一种穿刺器，所述穿刺器包括内套管装置，所述内套管装置包括内套管组件以及所述的密封结构，所述内套管组件具有多个独立设置的器械通道，所述器械通道中设置有所述密封结构。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的穿刺器及密封结构具有如下优点：
所述密封结构包括中空主体部以及与所述主体部一体式连接的第一常开密封部和常闭密封部，所述主体部用于设置在所述穿刺器的器械通道中，所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部沿所述主体部的轴向依次设置，并位于器械插入所述主体部的方向上，以使所述器械能够穿过所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部。如此配置，使得密封结构作为整体一体式结构对单独的一个器械通道进行常开和常闭密封，这种密封结构更简单，安装过程更简便。尤其这种一体式密封结构的密封性能更好，提升单个器械通道的密封性能，并且可有效的降低器械拔除时被卡死的风险，降低了手术难度，也降低了器械被损伤的风险。特别在于，各个器械通道独立设置密封结构，使器械通道相互之间独立密封而互不影响，有效确保使用过程中相邻器械通道的密封性能，提升手术的安全性和可靠性。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例提供的穿刺器的应用场景示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的穿刺针组件与外套管组件配合示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件与外套管组件配合示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件爆炸图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件详细图；
图6为本发明实施例提供的图5所示的A向的俯视图；
图7a和图7b分别为本发明实施例提供的密封结构的等轴视图；
图7c为本发明实施例提供的密封结构的剖面图；
图8a和图8b分别为本发明实施例提供的密封结构包含塞头且塞头处于使用状态的等轴视图；
图8c为本发明实施例提供的密封结构包含塞头且塞头处于未使用状态的等轴视图；
图8d为本发明实施例提供的密封结构包含塞头且塞头处于使用状态的剖面图；
图8e为本发明实施例提供的密封结构包含塞头且塞头处于未使用状态的剖面图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件上的所有器械通道对应设置一个密封结构以及每个密封结构包含一个塞头且塞头未使用时的等轴视图；
图10为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件上的所有器械通道对应设置一个密封结构以及每个密封结构包含一个塞头且塞头使用时的等轴视图；
图11为本发明实施例提供的多重内密封的内套管组件的详细图；
图12a为本发明实施例提供的多重内密封时的第二常开密封部的端面图；
图12b为沿图12a中B-B连线的剖面图；
图12c为图12a中的第二常开密封部的等轴视图；
图13a为本发明实施例提供的内套管组件的内导向管的立体结构示意图；
图13b为图13a中的内导向管的主视图；
图13c为图13b中的C向的仰视图；
图14a为本发明实施例提供的内置常开密封阀的外套管组件的爆炸图；
图14b为图14a中的外套管组件组装后的剖面图；
图15a为本发明实施例提供的外置端面常开密封阀的外套管组件的爆炸图；
图15b为图15a中的外套管组件组装后的剖面图；
图16为本发明实施例提供的穿刺针组件的主视图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。在本申请中，为了便于理解，使用了“近端”和“远端”等术语，这些术语是指从使用该器械的医生角度来看相对于彼此的元件或动作的相对方位、相对位置、方向。“近端”和“远端”并非是限制性的，但是“近端”通常指距离产品的操作者较近的一端，而“远端”通常是指距离产品操作者较远的一端。
为了解决现有技术对穿刺器进行密封时所存在的至少一个技术问题，本发明提供了一种穿刺器、内套管装置及密封结构，可以简化密封结构和安装过程，并提升器械通道的密封性能，降低器械被损伤的风险，以及提高单孔腹腔镜手术的可靠性和安全性，降低手术操作难度。
本发明公开的穿刺器包括穿刺针组件、外套管组件以及内套管装置，内套管装置和穿刺针 组件均用于插入外套管组件中。一般先将穿刺针组件插入外套管组件中配合建立初始通道，然后退出穿刺针组件后，再将内套管装置插入外套管组件中配合建立手术通道，建立手术通道后，再将器械插入内套管装置所提供的器械通道中以进行手术操作。本发明公开的穿刺器为单孔多通道穿刺器，主要在单孔腹腔镜手术中使用。
本发明公开的内套管装置包括内套管组件以及密封结构，内套管组件具有多个独立设置的器械通道，器械通道中设置有密封结构，且器械通道之间的密封结构相互独立，互不影响。
本发明公开的密封结构用于设置在内套管装置的器械通道中。本发明公开的密封结构具体包括中空主体部以及与主体部一体式连接的第一常开密封部和常闭密封部；主体部用于设置在穿刺器的器械通道中；第一常开密封部和常闭密封部沿主体部的轴向依次设置，并位于器械插入主体部的方向上，以使器械能够穿过第一常开密封部和常闭密封部。需理解，“一体式连接”包括一体成型或分开成型后相互连接。
以下结合附图和优选实施例对本发明做更详细的说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施方式及实施方式中的特征可以相互补充或相互组合。
如图1所示，本发明实施例提供的穿刺器100自带安装接口101，通过安装接口101与机械臂200可拆卸的连接，优选安装接口101为快拆接口。机械臂200的作用是握持穿刺器100，以方便医生操控器械进行手术。本申请对器械的种类没有要求，如内窥镜或手术器械，手术器械的类型也不作限制，如为手术钳、剪刀、止血钳等，也可为能量式手术执行器，如电切刀、电凝头等。
穿刺器100具有多个相互独立设置的器械通道102，每个器械通道102可供一个器械插入。器械通道102的具体数量不作限定，如在本发明实施例中，器械通道102的数量为4个，可供4个器械进出，其中3个器械为手术器械31，另一个器械为内窥镜32。可以理解的是，在其他一些实施方式中，器械通道102的数量也可设置为少于4个或多于4个的情况。器械通道102的数量可根据手术需求进行设置的。器械通道102的设置，使得器械可通过器械通道102进出人体实现微创伤手术。
请参考图2至图6，穿刺器100包括外套管组件110、内套管装置和穿刺针组件130，内套管装置包括内套管组件120；内套管组件120和穿刺针组件130均用于插入外套管组件110中；穿刺针组件130先插入外套管组件110中，用于导引外套管组件110穿过患者皮层；内套管组件120后插入外套管组件110中，用于与外套管组件110配合形成手术通道，并导引外部器械通过内套管组件120上的器械通道102进出人体。
在一非限制性的操作中，本发明实施例的穿刺器100的操作过程一般包括以下步骤：
S101，先将穿刺针组件与外套管组件配合后穿刺人体组织，建立初始通道；
S102，建立初始通道后，退出穿刺针组件后，将内套管组件插入外套管组件中，建立手术通道；
S103，建立手术通道后，将外套管组件安装至手术机器人中与机械臂进行固定；
S104，与机械臂固定后，从内套管组件的近端插入内窥镜和手术器械，进行手术；
S105，手术结束后，移除手术器械、内窥镜和穿刺器。
参阅图2，穿刺针组件130和外套管组件110可拆卸的连接，使穿刺针组件130不能相对于外套管组件110进行轴向移动而只能周向转动。穿刺针组件130与外套管组件110连接后，穿刺针组件130中的针头完全露出外套管组件110的远端，并且针头与外套管组件110之间的间隙很小，便于穿刺人体时不卡组织。
在一示例中，穿刺针组件130与外套管组件110通过按钮卡接固定；当穿刺针组件130插入外套管组件110中，外套管组件110上的按钮被触发自动与穿刺针组件130卡接固定；需要拔除穿刺针组件130时，再按动外套管组件110上的按钮即可解除连接，将穿刺针组件130取出。当然按钮仅为一种可选的连接方式，本发明还可以采用其他可拆卸连接方式来实现穿刺针 组件130与外套管组件110之间的可拆卸连接。
图3示出了退出穿刺针组件130后，将内套管组件120插入外套管组件110中的结构状态。如图3所示，从外套管组件110靠近医生的近端插入内套管组件120后，即可建立器械通道，且内套管组件120不能相对于外套管组件110进行轴向移动而只能周向转动。完成内套管组件120和外套管组件110的装配后，便可将手术器械31和内窥镜32插入内套管组件120中对应的器械通道102中。每个器械通道102内可拆卸地安装一个器械。
在一示例中，内套管组件120与外套管组件110通过按钮卡接固定或卡口形式固定。同理，当内套管组件120插入外套管组件110中，外套管组件110上的按钮被触发自动与内套管组件120卡接固定；需要拔除内套管组件120时，再按动按钮即可解除连接，将内套管组件120取出。外套管组件110可通过同一个按钮实现与内套管组件120及穿刺针组件130的连接。
如图4至图6所示，在一示范性实施例中，内套管组件120包括轴向依次设置的内套管上盖1201、密封圈1202、内套管主体1203和内导向管1204；内套管上盖1201与内套管主体1203固定连接，如通过多个连接螺钉1205固定连接内套管上盖1201与内套管主体1203；内套管主体1203和内导向管1204的近端固定连接，如两者胶水粘接或结合其他机械连接方式来实现固定，以保证两者的密封性；密封圈1202设置在内套管上盖1201和内套管主体1203之间，用于保证内套管上盖1201和内套管主体1203之间的气密性；内导向管1204的内部提供通道供器械和内窥镜通过，起到导引器械的作用；且所有器械通道102从近端至远端轴向贯穿内套管组件120。其中内套管上盖1201的所有器械通道102中设置有密封结构140，且密封结构140对每个器械通道102独立密封，使各器械通道102之间的密封性互不影响，确保密封效果，避免漏气的风险。
参阅图7a至图7c，密封结构140为一体式密封结构，优选一体加工成型，如利用模具注塑一体制作成型。这种一体式密封结构140的结构简单，安装方便，尤其密封性能好，并且不容易在拔除器械时造成器械卡死的问题。密封结构140主要由弹性可压缩材料制成，如硅胶、橡胶等弹性可压缩材料，但是本发明对具体的弹性可压缩材料不限定，任意能够达到相同或类似功能的材料也适用于制作本发明的密封结构140。
密封结构140包括中空主体部143以及与主体部143一体式连接的第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142；主体部143用于设置在器械通道102的近端开口中，并与器械通道102固定连接，两者通常为可拆卸的连接，优选为过盈配合连接；第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142沿主体部143的轴向依次设置，并位于器械插入主体部143的方向上，以使器械能够依次穿过第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142。可以理解，当器械插入主体部143时，器械依序穿过第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142，第一常开密封部141实现器械插入状态时的密封，并通过常闭密封部142实现器械未插入和拔除状态时的密封。第一常开密封部141可以设置在主体部143的内部或外部，常闭密封部142也可以设置在主体部143的内部或外部，但是这些密封部均需要设置在主体部143轴向方向上。
在本发明实施例中，主体部143与内套管上盖1201中的器械通道102过盈配合。主体部143的外径优选大于器械通道102的内径，以使主体部143与器械通道102过盈配合连接。主体部143整体的外形一般与器械通道102的形状相对应，如本发明实施例中，主体部143的外形大体为圆柱形状以适配同样为圆形的器械通道102。还需理解，内套管上盖1201中的器械通道102的轴向长度一般较短，在此限制下，第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142的数量通常仅设置为一个即可，因此，密封结构140的整体尺寸小，结构也简单，安装也便捷，且在拔除器械时不容易卡死器械。
如图7a-图7c所示，第一常开密封部141设置在主体部143的内部并优选靠近主体部143的近端设置，常闭密封部142至少部分设置在主体部143的远端的外部。可选地，常闭密封部 142整个设置在主体部143的远端的外部。该方案中，当器械未插入主体部143时，主体部143的内腔近端由第一常开密封部141控制形成常开状态，且主体部143的内腔远端由常闭密封部142控制形成常闭状态(即密封状态)；进而当器械插入主体部143后，主体部143的内腔近端由第一常开密封部141和器械过盈配合形成密封状态，而主体部143的内腔远端常闭密封部142为打开状态，常闭密封部142虽然也包裹器械，但此时主要由第一常开密封部141起到近端密封作用；继而当器械退出主体部143后，主体部143的内腔远端继续由常闭密封部142形成常闭状态。
在另一些实施例中，主体部143上由近端至远端依次设置有常闭密封部142和第一常开密封部141，常闭密封部142设置在主体部143的内部并靠近主体部143的近端设置，第一常开密封部141至少部分设置在主体部143的外部。可选地，第一常开密封部141整个设置在主体部143的远端的外部。该方案中，当器械未插入主体部143时，主体部143的内腔近端由常闭密封部142形成常闭状态，且主体部143的内腔远端由第一常开密封部141控制形成常开状态；进而当器械插入主体部143后，主体部143的内腔远端由第一常开密封部141形成密封状态，而主体部143的内腔近端基本上为打开状态，常闭密封部142虽然也包裹器械，但此时主要由第一常开密封部141起到远端密封作用；继而当器械退出主体部143后，主体部143的内腔近端继续由常闭密封部142控制形成常闭状态。
参考图7c，第一常开密封部141设置在主体部143的内部，常闭密封部142全部设置在主体部143的远端的外部。如此设置，能够更好的确保器械插入以及拔除器械通道102时的密封性能，密封效果更好。
继续参阅图7a至图7c，第一常开密封部141具有用于包裹器械的环形密封唇1411，环形密封唇1411的内径小于器械的外径，以使器械插入后，环形密封唇1411紧密地包裹器械而保证密封性。进一步地，第一常开密封部141还具有与环形密封唇1411轴向连接的过渡段1412，过渡段1412设置在环形密封唇1411的近端侧，过渡段1412的内径从近端至远端依次递减；在手术过程中，过渡段1412可以增大环形密封唇1411的偏摆幅度，密封效果更佳，应用范围更广，而且还可引导器械的插入，降低器械插入时的阻力。本实施例中，第一常开密封部141即为近端大、远端小的中空圆台结构，能够较好的密封器械，且不容易造成器械拔除时卡死的问题。
常闭密封部142具有供器械通过的狭缝1421，优选的，狭缝1421设置在常闭密封部142的底部。在没有器械穿过时，狭缝1421处于闭合状态。本发明对狭缝1421的形状不作特别的限制，如可以是十字形、一字形或其他形状。在本实施例中，狭缝1421为十字形结构，狭缝1421的每个夹角均具有内凹的缺口1422，4个缺口1422呈中心对称分布，且缺口1422优选为弧形槽。
主体部143的外表面设置有环形定位凹槽1431，用于与器械通道102内壁上的凸台配合，起到轴向定位的作用，使得密封结构140的安装更准确，而且也更不容易移位。可选的，定位凹槽1431设置在第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142之间。优选，主体部143具有厚壁部1432；在常闭密封部142的近端设置厚壁部1432，和/或，在第一常开密封部141的近端设置厚壁部1432。在主体部143的外径一致的情况下，厚壁部1432的壁厚大于主体部143其余部位的壁厚，以此增加常闭密封部142和/或第一常开密封部141的刚性，防止器械退出器械通道102时，常闭密封部142和/或第一常开密封部141产生翻边现象，翻边会影响手术密封性。
优选，常闭密封部142的外表面上设置有加强筋1423，加强筋1423的数量可以是一个或多个。优选多个加强筋1423沿常闭密封部142的周向均匀分布。加强筋1423从厚壁部1432的远端延伸至常闭密封部142的远端，并突出在常闭密封部的周向外侧。加强筋1423的设置可以增加常闭密封部142的刚性，防止器械退出器械通道102时，常闭密封部142产生翻边现象。该方案中，常闭密封部142由于设置在主体部143的远端的外部，能够提供足够的空间来 设置加强筋1423。可以理解的是，当第一常开密封部141设置在主体部143的外部，也可以在第一常开密封部141的外表面上设置加强筋。
如图7c所示，主体部143的内壁中较佳地嵌设有刚性增强部144，刚性增强部144主要设置在主体部143与器械通道102相配合的位置，刚性增强部144的刚度大于主体部143的刚度以提高结构刚性，增大主体部143与器械通道102配合位置处的摩擦力，可以有效防止器械退出器械通道102时意外将密封结构140一并带出，降低密封结构140脱落的风险。
如本实施例中，刚性增强部144设置在第一常开密封部141的近端。刚性增强部144一般为金属材料，可以显著提高结构刚性，增大摩擦力，优选刚性增强部144为不锈钢等弹性较好的材料。在其他实施例中，刚性增强部144还可以设置为具有足够刚度的非金属材料。刚性增强部144可以是一个环形结构，或者周向间隔设置多个刚性增强部144。
继续参考图7c，主体部143的内部设置有足够大的释放槽1433，释放槽1433位于第一常开密封部141的环形密封唇1411的远端外侧。释放槽1433不仅为器械插入第一常开密封部141提供足够的避让空间，还可以减少器械插入时的阻力，降低器械被卡死的风险。
图8a-图8e示出了密封结构140包含塞头145的优选实施方式。即，主体部143内可插入塞头145，塞头145插入主体部143后用于与第一常开密封部141配合，达到器械未插入以及拔除时的密封。塞头145与主体部143独立设置或一体式连接，优选塞头145与主体部143一体式连接。塞头145的设置，使密封结构140增加了一层常闭密封功能，可以起到双重密封作用，还能在常闭密封部142失效时，通过塞头145来确保穿刺器的密封性。如当器械退出或未插入器械时，如果常闭密封部142意外失效，则塞头145可以配合第一常开密封部141来进一步防止漏气，确保穿刺器的正常使用，保证密封性能，从而进一步提升密封的可靠性和安全性。
作为一优选实施例，塞头145与主体部143一体成型，也即密封结构140整体自带一个塞头145。当然在其他实施方式中，塞头145与主体部143可分开成型后再连接。塞头145同样为弹性可压缩材料，如硅胶、橡胶等弹性可压缩材料。优选，塞头145通过连接带1453与主体部143不可分离的连接。在不使用时，通过连接带1453来悬吊塞头主体1452，这种整体式的密封结构140可防止术中掉落塞头145，也可防止不使用时遗失塞头145。进一步地，塞头145包括一体式连接的塞头柄1451和塞头主体1452；塞头主体1452部分插入主体部143内并与第一常开密封部141紧密配合达到密封效果。而塞头柄1451的设置，便于医生手持操作将塞头145放入主体部143内。优选，塞头主体1452的内部设置有一端开口的空腔，以增大塞头的变形量，降低塞头插入和拔除时的难度。
图8c和图8e示意了塞头主体1452未插入主体部143时的打开状态，在该状态下，在手术过程中，塞头145不需要插入主体部143，器械从主体部143的内腔进入体内进行手术操作。图8b和图8d示意了塞头主体1452插入主体部143时的使用状态，该状态下，器械未插入主体部143，且塞头主体1452被第一常开密封部141所包裹而起到密封作用。
如图9所示，内套管上盖1201上设置有容置连接带1453的安置槽103，安置槽103设置在内套管上盖1201的近端面上。安置槽103的数量与塞头145的数量对应。因此，塞头145未使用时在重力作用下，悬挂在内套管组件120的外部，不影响器械的操作，结构合理，操作便捷。安置槽103优选顶部宽度大于底部宽度，便于连接带1453的进出，即安置槽103的截面形状为梯形。
为避免使用过程中对其他器械的空间产生阻碍，塞头145外露距离的设置原则是，尽量缩小内套管组件120的最大外径尺寸。作为一优选实施例，当塞头145悬挂在内套管组件120的外部时，塞头主体1452的内侧与内套管上盖1201的外侧之间的距离为1～4mm；如果距离过大，容易使塞头与内套管组件120产生干涉，并增加内套管组件120的外径尺寸；如果距离过小，增加塞头悬吊在内套管组件外部的难度。如图10所示，当塞头145使用时，连接带1453即被折叠且部分长度仍容置在安置槽103内。塞头145的数量可根据手术需要设置，也即，可 以选择任意数量的塞头，而且塞头145之间互不干涉，独立操作，适用性高。
图11显示了内套管主体1203内设置有第二常开密封部146的优选实施例。即，本发明实施例提供的内套管装置还包括第二常开密封部146，以进一步地增加手术中的密封性能，具体地，可在密封结构140的正下方设置第二常开密封部146。新增的第二常开密封部146可以与密封结构140一体式连接或独立设置。一体式连接的优点是结构简单，成本低，而独立设置的优点是互不干扰，密封效果更好。
本实施例中，第二常开密封部146与密封结构140相互独立设置。需理解，各个器械通道102中的第二常开密封部146也是相互独立地设置，互不影响。第二常开密封部146与内套管主体120中的器械通道102紧密配合，优选过盈配合固定，具体实施方式可参阅第一常开密封部141与内套管上盖1201之间的连接方式，此处不再详细叙述。在一具体实施例中，内套管主体1203的内部靠近近端端部的位置设置有固定块1206，固定块1206具有轴向贯通的内腔，第二常开密封部146的近端外壁与固定块1206的内腔紧密配合并固定，如固定块1206与第二常开密封部146过盈配合固定。
需理解，如果设置第二常开密封部146，则在每个器械通道102中，两个常开密封部和一个常闭密封部沿轴向依次设置，如本实施例中，第一常开密封部141、常闭密封部142、第二常开密封部146从近端至远端依次设置，可更好的对器械通道进行密封。但是第一常开密封部141和常闭密封部142设置在内套管上盖1201的器械通道102中，第二常开密封部146设置在内套管主体1203的器械通道102中。
图12a-图12c示意了根据本发明优选实施例提供的第二常开密封部146的结构。本发明实施例中，第二常开密封部146与密封结构140的结构基本类似，如第二常开密封部146也具有用于包裹器械的环形密封唇1411，优选第二常开密封部146至少包括内壁中嵌设的刚性增强部144以及定位凹槽1431、厚壁部1432中的一者。但是第二常开密封部146和密封结构140的相同之处不再描述，并对于相同部分采用了相同的标号，不同部分采用了不同的标号。第二常开密封部146与密封结构140的主要区别是，第二常开密封部146没有常闭密封功能而仅设置常开密封功能，但是第二常开密封部146可以设置得更长，即设置了加长的过渡段1461，使得手术过程中，可以增大第二常开密封部146的环形密封唇的偏摆幅度，密封效果更佳，应用范围更广。也即，第二常开密封部146的过渡段1461的长度大于第一常开密封部141的过渡段1412的长度。此外，第二常开密封部146还在其过渡段1461的外表面上设置了加强筋1423，以增加结构刚性，避免过渡段1461内翻，也避免被意外带出而造成脱落。
接下去对内套管组件120和外套管组件110的结构作进一步的说明。
如图13a-图13c所示，内套管组件120的内导向管1204的近端外表面设置了用于连接的胶槽12041，在胶槽12041内填充胶水来粘接内套管主体1203。当然内导向管1204具有轴向贯通的器械通道102以及注气用的气流通道12042；气流通道12042用于气体的通过，以建立气腹。气流通道12042开设在内导向管1204的外壁上并沿轴向从近端向远端延伸，气流通道12042的近端应进入外套管组件110的外套管主体内以引入气体。
如图14a-图14b所示，外套管组件110包括轴向依次设置的外套管上盖1101、外套管密封件1102、外套管主体1103和外套管1104；外套管上盖1101与外套管主体1103固定连接；外套管主体1103与外套管1104的近端固定连接，如两者胶水粘接或结合机械连接来进行固定，并保证密封性。外套管密封件1102设置在外套管上盖1101和外套管主体1103之间，并提供了穿刺针组件130和内套管组件120进出外套管组件110状态下的密封；外套管1104用于插入腹部，以建立手术通道；外套管密封件1102包括轴向依次设置的常开密封阀和常闭密封阀，常闭密封阀至少部分设置在外套管主体1103内。
在一些实施方式中，如图14a和图14b所示，外套管密封件1102为一体式结构，并包括常开密封阀1102a和常闭密封阀1102b，且常开密封阀1102a和常闭密封阀1102b一体式连接， 优选两者一体加工成型，其中常闭密封阀1102b设置在外套管主体1103的内部并靠近近端设置，且常开密封阀1102a设置在外套管上盖1101的内部以进行径向密封。更详细地，常开密封阀1102a设置在P1位置，常闭密封阀1102b设置在P2位置，P1位置通常是在外套管上盖1101的内部接近外套管主体1103的位置，P2位置是在外套管主体1103的内部。本实施方式中，常开密封阀1102a的结构一般可参考以上的常开密封部的结构，而常闭密封阀1102b的结构也可参考以上的常闭密封部的结构。
在其他实施方式中，如图15a和图15b所示，外套管密封件1102为独立式结构，即常开密封阀1102a和常闭密封阀1102b相互独立设置，且常开密封阀1102a设置在外套管上盖1101的近端端面以进行轴向端面密封，但是常闭密封阀1102b继续设置在外套管主体1103的内部并靠近近端设置。该轴向端面密封优化了外套管组件110的密封方式，在保证密封性能的前提下，减小了内套管组件120和穿刺针组件130进出外套管组件110时的阻力。优选地，该实施方式中，常闭密封阀1102b的外表面设置有加强筋以增加结构的刚性。
在另外的实施方式中，常开密封阀1102a为两个，一个用于实现径向密封，另一个用于实现轴向端面密封，而用于径向密封的常开密封阀1102a与常闭密封阀1102b优选一体式连接。
继续参考图14a和图14b，外套管主体1103上设置有气腹阀门1105和按钮1106；气腹阀门1105是通入CO2气体的通道以维持腹部压力，或用于排烟或其他功能；按钮1106用于与穿刺针组件130或内套管组件120连接。按钮1106可在按钮轴1107和扭簧1108的配合下，实现对穿刺针组件130或内套管组件120的连接。
如图16所示，穿刺针组件130包括轴向依次连接的针座131、针管132和针头133；其中针管132和/或针头133采用空心管减重设计，手感更佳，穿刺操作更为方便；针座131、针头133均与针管132固定连接，其连接方式可以胶粘、螺纹或者激光焊接中的任意一种形式或多种组合形式，也可以为一体成型，优选材料为塑料管以进行减重；装配完成后，穿刺针组件130的内部与外部有气密性要求，目的是隔绝漏液的进入，保证术后灭菌的彻底。
综上，本发明通过各个器械通道独立设置的密封结构，避免了手术过程中器械通道之间的相互影响，改善了密封性能，而且也简化了密封结构和安装过程，并降低了器械拔除被卡死的风险，提升了手术的安全性和可靠性。此外，对密封结构作了加强设计，如厚壁部与加强筋均可以增加密封结构的刚性，防止器械退出时的翻边，进一步增大密封可靠性，提高手术安全性和可靠性。另外，塞头增加了一层常闭密封功能，可以起到双重密封作用，还能在另一常闭密封部失效时，通过塞头来确保穿刺器的密封性。再则，将常开密封阀设置在外套管上盖的近端端面处进行轴向端面密封，可以有效的减少内套管组件和穿刺针组件进出外套管组件的阻力，降低手术难度，缩短手术时间。
应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明方法的前提下，还将可以做出若干改进和补充，这些改进和补充也应视为本发明的保护范围。凡熟悉本专业的技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，当可利用以上所揭示的技术内容而做出的些许更动、修饰与演变的等同变化，均为本的等效实施例；同时，凡依据本发明的实质技术对上述实施例所作的任何等同变化的更动、修饰与演变，均仍属于本发明的技术方案的范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种密封结构，用于穿刺器，其特征在于，所述密封结构包括中空主体部以及与所述主体部一体式连接的第一常开密封部和常闭密封部；
    所述主体部用于设置在所述穿刺器的器械通道中；所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部沿所述主体部的轴向依次设置，并位于器械插入所述主体部的方向上，以使所述器械能够穿过所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述主体部上由近端至远端依次设置所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部，所述第一常开密封部设置在所述主体部的内部并靠近所述主体部的近端设置，所述常闭密封部至少部分设置在所述主体部的远端的外部。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述常闭密封部的外表面上设置有加强筋，所述加强筋沿所述主体部的轴向延伸。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的密封结构，其特征在于，还包括用于插入所述主体部的塞头，所述塞头插入所述主体部后用于与所述第一常开密封部配合以进行密封。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述塞头通过连接带与所述主体部一体式连接，且所述塞头包括塞头柄和塞头主体，所述塞头主体用于部分插入所述主体部并与所述第一常开密封部配合以进行密封。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述主体部与所述器械通道过盈配合连接，且所述主体部的内壁中嵌设有刚性增强部。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述第一常开密封部具有：用于包裹所述器械的环形密封唇；以及与所述环形密封唇轴向连接的过渡段；所述过渡段设置在所述环形密封唇的近端侧，所述过渡段的内径从近端至远端依次递减；且所述主体部的内部设置有释放槽，所述释放槽位于所述环形密封唇的远端外侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的密封结构，其特征在于，所述主体部的外表面设置有用于与所述器械通道配合的定位凹槽，且所述主体部具有厚壁部；所述常闭密封部的近端设置所述厚壁部，和/或，所述第一常开密封部的近端设置所述厚壁部。
  9. 一种穿刺器，其特征在于，所述穿刺器包括内套管装置，所述内套管装置包括内套管组件以及如权利要求1-8中任一项所述的密封结构，所述内套管组件具有多个独立设置的器械通道，所述器械通道中设置有所述密封结构。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的穿刺器，其特征在于，所述内套管装置还包括与所述密封结构独立设置的第二常开密封部，所述密封结构的第一常开密封部和常闭密封部与所述第二常开密封部在同一个所述器械通道中沿轴向依次设置。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的穿刺器，其特征在于，所述第一常开密封部和所述第二常开密封部均具有：用于包裹所述器械的环形密封唇；以及与所述环形密封唇轴向连接的过渡段；过渡段设置在所述环形密封唇的近端侧，过渡段的内径从近端至远端依次递减；其中，所述第二常开密封部的过渡段的长度大于所述第一常开密封部的过渡段的长度。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的穿刺器，其特征在于，所述第二常开密封部的外表面上设置有加强筋，所述加强筋沿所述第二常开密封部的轴向延伸，和/或，所述第二常开密封部的内壁中嵌设有刚性增强部。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的穿刺器，其特征在于，所述内套管组件包括轴向依次连接的内套管上盖、内套管主体和内导向管，所有所述器械通道轴向贯穿所述内套管上盖、所述内套管主体和所述内导向管；所述第一常开密封部和所述常闭密封部设置在所述内套管上盖的器械通道中，所述第二常开密封部设置在所述内套管主体的器械通道中。
  14. 根据权利要求9所述的穿刺器，其特征在于，所述密封结构还包括塞头，所述塞头 通过连接带与所述主体部一体式连接，且所述内套管组件的内套管上盖的近端面上设置有安置槽，所述安置槽用于容纳所述连接带。
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