WO2023160277A1 - 定焦镜头 - Google Patents

定焦镜头 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023160277A1
WO2023160277A1 PCT/CN2023/071190 CN2023071190W WO2023160277A1 WO 2023160277 A1 WO2023160277 A1 WO 2023160277A1 CN 2023071190 W CN2023071190 W CN 2023071190W WO 2023160277 A1 WO2023160277 A1 WO 2023160277A1
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Prior art keywords
lens
fixed
focus
image
plane
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PCT/CN2023/071190
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
景姣
张磊
李泽民
何剑炜
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东莞市宇瞳光学科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023160277A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023160277A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
    • G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
    • G02B1/041—Lenses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/18—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B9/00—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or -
    • G02B9/64—Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - having more than six components

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of optical devices, for example, to a fixed-focus lens.
  • infrared supplementary light is usually used to achieve imaging purposes, but the imaging range of infrared supplementary light is small and the color distortion is serious.
  • the demand for low-light cameras is increasing.
  • most of the high-quality large-aperture lenses on the market are F1.4, and few lenses reach the large aperture of F1.2, and they are usually equipped with a 1/2.7 sensor.
  • the target area is small, and few of them reach F1.0.
  • High image quality lens with super large aperture and large target area Based on the above market status, it is necessary to develop a 4K lens with a large target area and a large aperture, so as to have a better imaging effect at night.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a fixed-focus lens.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a fixed-focus lens, including: a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, The seventh lens, the eighth lens and the ninth lens;
  • the first lens, the second lens, the sixth lens and the eighth lens are all negative power lenses, and the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the seventh lens and all
  • the ninth lens is a positive power lens
  • the focal power of the fixed-focus lens is ⁇
  • the focal power of the first lens is ⁇ 1
  • the focal power of the second lens is ⁇ 2
  • the focal power of the third lens is ⁇ 3.
  • the fourth lens has a focal power of ⁇ 4
  • the fifth lens has a focal power of ⁇ 5
  • the sixth lens has a focal power of ⁇ 6
  • the seventh lens has a focal power of ⁇ 7
  • the eighth lens has a focal power of ⁇ 5.
  • the focal power of the lens is ⁇ 8, and the focal power of the ninth lens is ⁇ 9
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 2 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 3 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the fixed-focus lens includes: a first lens 101, a second lens 102, a third lens 103, a fourth lens 104, a fifth lens 105, and a sixth lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane.
  • the fifth lens 105, the seventh lens 107 and the ninth lens 109 are all positive power lenses; the power of the fixed-focus lens is ⁇ , the power of the first lens 101 is ⁇ 1, and the power of the second lens 102 is ⁇ 2, the third lens 103 has a focal power of ⁇ 3, the fourth lens 104 has a focal power of ⁇ 4, the fifth lens 105 has a focal power of ⁇ 5, the sixth lens 106 has a focal power of ⁇ 6, and the seventh lens
  • the optical power of 107 is ⁇ 7, the optical power of the eighth lens 108 is ⁇ 8, the optical power of the ninth lens 109 is ⁇ 9, -0.554 ⁇ 1/ ⁇ -0.391; -0.675 ⁇ 2/ ⁇ -0.355; -0.176 ⁇ 3/ ⁇ 0.362; 0.366 ⁇ 4/
  • the focal power is equal to the difference between the image beam convergence degree and the object beam convergence degree, which characterizes the ability of the optical system to deflect light.
  • the focal power is positive, the refraction of light is converging; when the focal power is negative, the refraction of light is divergent.
  • Optical power can be applied to characterize a certain refraction surface of a lens (that is, a surface of the lens), can be applied to characterize a certain lens, and can also be used to characterize a system formed by multiple lenses (that is, a lens group).
  • each lens can be fixed in a lens barrel (not shown in FIG. 1 ), the first lens 101, the second lens 102, the sixth lens 106 and the eighth lens 108 are It is a negative refractive power lens, the fourth lens 104, the fifth lens 105, the seventh lens 107 and the ninth lens 109 are all positive refractive power lenses, and the first lens 101 and the second lens 102 are set as negative refractive power lenses, It is used to control the incident angle of the optical system, which is beneficial to a large field of view and corrects the curvature of field; the third lens 103 can be of negative refractive power, which is also used to control the incident angle of the optical system, and the third lens 103 can also be of positive refractive power.
  • the fourth lens 104 and the fifth lens 105 are positive power lenses, and are also used to focus the light beam in front;
  • the fifth lens 105 is a positive power lens
  • the sixth lens 106 is a negative power lens
  • the seventh lens 107 is a positive refractive power lens
  • the eighth lens 108 is a negative refractive power lens
  • the ninth lens 109 is a positive refractive power lens
  • the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 106, the seventh lens 107, the eighth lens 108 and ninth lens 109 are used to correct off-axis aberrations, including field curvature, coma, astigmatism and other aberrations.
  • the whole lens guarantees the approximate proportional distribution of the focal power of the optical system, and ensures the balance of the incident angles of the front and rear lens groups, so as to reduce the sensitivity of the lens, improve the possibility of production, and ensure that it does not run out of focus at high and low temperatures.
  • the focal power of the fixed-focus lens is ⁇
  • the focal power of the first lens 101 is ⁇ 1
  • the focal power of the second lens 102 is ⁇ 2
  • the focal power of the third lens 103 is ⁇ 3
  • the focal power of the first lens 101 is ⁇ 1.
  • the focal power of the four lenses 104 is ⁇ 4, the focal power of the fifth lens 105 is ⁇ 5, the focal power of the sixth lens 106 is ⁇ 6, the focal power of the seventh lens 107 is ⁇ 7, and the focal power of the eighth lens 108 ⁇ 8, the focal power of the ninth lens 109 is ⁇ 9, -0.554 ⁇ 1/ ⁇ -0.391; -0.675 ⁇ 2/ ⁇ -0.355; -0.176 ⁇ 3/ ⁇ 0.362; 0.366 ⁇ 4/ ⁇ 0.61; 0.208 ⁇ 5/ ⁇ 0.464; -0.535 ⁇ 6/ ⁇ -0.209; 0.288 ⁇ 7/ ⁇ 0.55; -0.476 ⁇ 8/ ⁇ -0.18; 0.34 ⁇ 9/ ⁇ 0.532.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application, by reasonably setting the number of lenses in the fixed-focus lens and the relative relationship between the focal powers of each lens, ensures the balance of the incident angles of the front and rear groups of lenses of the fixed-focus lens, and reduces the size of the lens. Sensitivity, improve the possibility of production, ensure that the fixed-focus lens has a high resolution, improve the imaging quality, and meet the monitoring requirements under low-light conditions.
  • the first lens 101, the second lens 102, the third lens 103, the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 106, the seventh lens 107, the eighth lens 108 and the ninth lens 109 are all plastic Aspheric lens
  • the fourth lens 104 is a glass spherical lens.
  • the second lens 102, the third lens 103, the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 106, the seventh lens 107, the eighth lens 108 and the ninth lens 109 are all plastic aspheric lenses
  • the first lens 101 and the fourth lens 104 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the aspheric lens plays the role of correcting all advanced aberrations.
  • the material of the plastic aspheric lens can be various plastics known to those skilled in the art, and the material of the glass spherical lens can be various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, which are not described in detail or limited in the embodiments of the present application. Since the lens cost of plastic material is much lower than the lens cost of glass material, in the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment of the present application, a glass lens and a plastic lens are used to mix and match, which can ensure the optical performance of the fixed-focus lens. Can effectively control the cost of the fixed focus lens. And because the two types of materials have a mutual compensation effect, it can ensure that the fixed-focus lens can still be used normally in high and low temperature environments.
  • the surface of the lens on the side adjacent to the object plane is the object-side surface, and the surface of the lens on the side adjacent to the image plane is the image-side surface;
  • the object-side surface of the first lens 101 is convex toward the object plane, and the first lens 101
  • the image side surface of the second lens 102 is convex towards the object plane;
  • the object side surface of the second lens 102 is convex towards the image plane, and the image side surface of the second lens 102 is convex towards the object plane;
  • the object side surface of the third lens 103 is convex towards the object plane
  • the image side surface of the third lens 103 is convex towards the object plane;
  • the object side surface of the fourth lens 104 is convex towards the object plane, and the image side surface of the fourth lens 104 is convex towards the image plane;
  • the object side surface of the sixth lens 106 is convex towards the image plane;
  • the square surface is convex towards the image plane, the image side surface of the sixth lens
  • the object side surface of the fifth lens 105 is convex toward the object plane, and the image side surface of the fifth lens 105 is convex toward the image plane; the object side surface of the ninth lens 109 is convex toward the object plane From the beginning, the image-side surface of the ninth lens 109 is convex toward the image plane.
  • the ninth lens 109 can also be such that the object-side surface of the ninth lens 109 is convex toward the object plane, and the image-side surface of the ninth lens 109 is convex toward the object plane, which is a meniscus lens.
  • each lens By rationally setting the surface shape of each lens, it is ensured that the optical power of each lens meets the optical power requirements in the above embodiments, and at the same time, it can also ensure that the entire fixed-focus lens has a compact structure and a high degree of integration of the fixed-focus lens.
  • the refractive index of the first lens 101 is n1, and the Abbe number is v1; the refractive index of the second lens 102 is n2, and the Abbe number is v2; the refractive index of the third lens 103 is n3, and the Abbe number is v2; The number is v3; the refractive index of the fourth lens 104 is n4, and the Abbe number is v4; the refractive index of the fifth lens 105 is n5, and the Abbe number is v5; the refractive index of the sixth lens 106 is n6, and the Abbe number is v6; the refractive index of the seventh lens 107 is n7, and the Abbe number is v7; the refractive index of the eighth lens 108 is n8, and the Abbe number is v8; the refractive index of the ninth lens 109 is n9, and the Abbe number is v9; 1.47 ⁇ n1 ⁇ 1.96, 38 ⁇ v1 ⁇ 69; 1.47 ⁇
  • the refractive index is the ratio of the propagation speed of light in vacuum to the propagation speed of light in the medium, which is mainly used to describe the refraction ability of materials for light, and different materials have different refractive indices.
  • the Abbe number is an index used to represent the dispersion ability of a transparent medium. The more serious the dispersion of the medium, the smaller the Abbe number; conversely, the lighter the dispersion of the medium, the larger the Abbe number.
  • the refractive index and Abbe number of each lens in the fixed-focus lens together, it is beneficial to realize the miniaturization design of the fixed-focus lens; at the same time, it is beneficial to realize higher pixel resolution and larger aperture. Furthermore, the balance of the incidence angles of the front and rear lenses is ensured, so as to reduce the sensitivity of the lens and improve the possibility of production.
  • the distance from the center of the optical axis of the image-space surface of the ninth lens 109 to the image plane is BFL
  • the distance from the center of the optical axis of the object-space surface of the first lens 101 to the image plane is TTL, wherein: TTL/ BFL ⁇ 8.
  • the distance from the center of the optical axis of the image-square surface of the ninth lens 109 to the image plane can be understood as the back focus of the fixed-focus lens, and by reasonably setting the relationship between the back focus of the fixed-focus lens and the total length of the fixed-focus lens, It can ensure that the entire fixed-focus lens has a compact structure and a high degree of integration of the fixed-focus lens.
  • the second lens 102 and the third lens 103 , the sixth lens 106 and the seventh lens 107 , and the seventh lens 107 and the eighth lens 108 are supported by spacers or bonded by glue.
  • the second lens 102 and the third lens 103 can be supported by a spacer or bonded by glue; the sixth lens 106 and the seventh lens 107 can also be supported by a spacer or bonded by glue; The seventh lens 107 and the eighth lens 108 may also be supported by a spacer or bonded by glue.
  • the cemented lens can be used to minimize chromatic aberration or eliminate chromatic aberration, so that various aberrations of fixed-focus lenses can be fully corrected, and on the premise of compact structure, it can improve resolution, optimize distortion, chief ray angle, CRA) and other optical properties; and can reduce the loss of light caused by reflection between lenses, increase illumination, thereby improving image quality and enhancing the clarity of lens imaging.
  • the use of cemented lenses can also reduce the assembly parts between the two lenses, simplify the assembly procedure in the lens manufacturing process, reduce costs, and reduce the sensitivity of the lens unit to tolerances such as tilt/eccentricity during the assembly process. Spend.
  • the aperture number F of the fixed-focus lens satisfies F ⁇ 1.0.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application can meet a relatively large light throughput, thereby satisfying monitoring requirements under low-illumination conditions.
  • the fixed-focus lens further includes an aperture
  • the diaphragm is located in the optical path between the fourth lens 104 and the fifth lens 105 .
  • the propagation direction of the light beam can be adjusted, and the incident angle of light can be adjusted, which is beneficial to further improve the imaging quality.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first lens 101, a second lens 102, a third lens 103, a fourth lens 104, and a fifth lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane.
  • 105 , sixth lens 106 , seventh lens 107 , eighth lens 108 and ninth lens 109 Table 1 shows the optical physical parameters such as the radius of curvature, thickness and material of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment.
  • the plane numbers are numbered according to the surface order of each lens, for example, "1" represents the object plane surface of the first lens 101, “2" represents the image plane surface of the first lens 101, and “8” represents the fifth lens 105 "9” represents the image surface of the fifth lens 105, and so on;
  • the radius of curvature represents the degree of curvature of the lens surface, a positive value represents that the surface is curved toward the image plane, and a negative value represents that the surface is curved toward the object.
  • the thickness represents the central axial distance from the current surface to the next surface, and the units of the radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm).
  • the second lens 102, the third lens 103, the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 106, the seventh lens 107, the eighth lens 108 and the ninth lens 109 are all plastic Aspherical lenses
  • the first lens 101 and the fourth lens 104 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes an aperture (STO). By adding an aperture, the propagation direction of the light beam can be adjusted, which is beneficial to improve the imaging quality.
  • the diaphragm can be located in the optical path between the fifth lens 105 and the sixth lens 106, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting position of the diaphragm. By setting the diaphragm at a suitable position, it is helpful to improve the relative illuminance, and reduce the CRA.
  • the aspheric surface shape equation Z of the second lens 102, the third lens 103, the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 106, the seventh lens 107, the eighth lens 108 and the ninth lens 109 satisfies:
  • Table 2 illustrates the aspheric coefficients of each lens in this embodiment in a feasible implementation manner.
  • -2.194551E-03 means that the coefficient A of the plane number 3 is -2.194551*10 -3 .
  • the fixed-focus lens of the present embodiment 1 has reached the following technical indicators:
  • FIG. 2 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 0.656 ⁇ m), the spherical aberration is all within 0.05mm, and the curves of different wavelengths are relatively concentrated, indicating that the axial aberration of the fixed-focus lens is very small, so it can be seen that the fixed-focus lens provided by the first embodiment of the present application can better Corrects aberrations.
  • Figure 3 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the horizontal coordinate indicates the size of the field curvature, and the unit is mm; the vertical coordinate indicates normalization
  • the transformation image height has no unit; where T represents the meridian, and S represents the sagittal; as can be seen from Figure 3, the fixed-focus lens provided by the first embodiment is effectively used on the curvature of field from the light of 436nm to the light of 656nm.
  • Control that is, when imaging, the difference between the center image quality and the surrounding image quality is small; in the coordinate system on the right, the horizontal coordinate indicates the size of the distortion, and the unit is %; the vertical coordinate indicates the normalized image height, and there is no unit.
  • FIG 4 is a schematic structural view of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • the fixed-focus lens includes: a first lens 201 and a second lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane 202, the third lens 203, the fourth lens 204, the fifth lens 205, the sixth lens 206, the seventh lens 207, the eighth lens 208 and the ninth lens 209; the first lens 201, the second lens 202, the sixth lens 206 and the eighth lens 208 are all negative refractive power lenses, and the fourth lens 204, the fifth lens 205, the seventh lens 207 and the ninth lens 209 are all positive refractive power lenses; the focal power of the fixed focus lens is ⁇ ,
  • the power of the first lens 201 is ⁇ 1, the power of the second lens 202 is ⁇ 2, the power of the third lens 203 is ⁇ 3, the power of the fourth lens 204 is ⁇ 4, the light of the fifth lens 205
  • the focal power is ⁇ 5,
  • the fixed-focus lens can meet the super-large light flux under the premise of a small aperture number, and realize the monitoring requirements under low-light conditions; At the same time, ensure that the resolution of the fixed-focus lens meets the imaging requirements in high and low temperature environments, and ensure the imaging capability of the lens in the night environment.
  • the second lens 202, the third lens 203, the fifth lens 105, the sixth lens 206, the seventh lens 207, the eighth lens 208, and the ninth lens 209 are all plastic aspheric lenses.
  • the first lens 201 and the fourth lens 204 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the material of the plastic aspheric lens can be various plastics known to those skilled in the art, and the material of the glass spherical lens can be various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, which are not described in detail or limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the lens cost of plastic material is much lower than the lens cost of glass material
  • a glass lens and a plastic lens are used to mix and match, which can ensure the optical performance of the fixed-focus lens. Can effectively control the cost of the fixed focus lens.
  • the focal power, refractive index, and Abbe number range of each lens are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • Table 3 illustrates setting parameters of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application in a feasible implementation manner.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first lens 201, a second lens 202, a third lens 203, a fourth lens 204, and a fifth lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane.
  • 205 sixth lens 206 , seventh lens 207 , eighth lens 208 and ninth lens 209 .
  • Table 3 shows the optical physical parameters such as the radius of curvature, thickness, and material of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment.
  • the plane number is numbered according to the surface order of each lens, for example, "1" represents the object plane surface of the first lens 201, “2" represents the image plane surface of the first lens 201, and “8” represents the fifth lens 205 "9” represents the image surface of the fifth lens 205, and so on;
  • the radius of curvature represents the degree of curvature of the lens surface, a positive value represents that the surface is curved toward the image plane, and a negative value represents that the surface is curved toward the object.
  • the thickness represents the central axial distance from the current surface to the next surface, and the units of the radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm).
  • the second lens 202, the third lens 203, the fifth lens 205, the sixth lens 206, the seventh lens 207, the eighth lens 208 and the ninth lens 209 are all made of plastic Aspherical lenses
  • the first lens 201 and the fourth lens 204 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes an aperture (STO). By adding an aperture, the propagation direction of the light beam can be adjusted, which is beneficial to improve the imaging quality.
  • the diaphragm can be located in the optical path between the fifth lens 205 and the sixth lens 206, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting position of the diaphragm. By setting the diaphragm at a suitable position, it is helpful to improve the relative illuminance, and reduce the CRA.
  • the aspheric surface shape equation Z of the second lens 202, the third lens 203, the fifth lens 205, the sixth lens 206, the seventh lens 207, the eighth lens 208 and the ninth lens 209 satisfies:
  • Table 4 illustrates the aspheric coefficients of each lens in this embodiment in a feasible implementation manner.
  • -2.273994E-03 means that the coefficient A of the plane number 3 is -2.273994*10 -3 .
  • the fixed-focus lens of the present embodiment 2 has reached the following technical indicators:
  • FIG. 5 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application. As shown in FIG. 0.656 ⁇ m), the spherical aberrations are all within 0.05mm, and the curves of different wavelengths are relatively concentrated, indicating that the axial aberration of the fixed-focus lens is very small, so it can be seen that the fixed-focus lens provided by the second embodiment of the present application can better Corrects aberrations.
  • Fig. 6 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application.
  • the horizontal coordinate represents the magnitude of the field curvature, and the unit is mm; the vertical coordinate represents normalization The transformation image height has no unit; where T represents the meridian, and S represents the sagittal; as can be seen from Figure 6, the fixed-focus lens provided by the second embodiment is effectively used on the curvature of field from light with a wavelength of 436nm to light with a wavelength of 656nm Control, that is, when imaging, the difference between the center image quality and the surrounding image quality is small; in the coordinate system on the right, the horizontal coordinate indicates the size of the distortion, and the unit is %; the vertical coordinate indicates the normalized image height, and there is no unit.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • the fixed-focus lens includes: a first lens 301, a second lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane 302, third lens 303, fourth lens 304, fifth lens 305, sixth lens 306, seventh lens 307, eighth lens 308 and ninth lens 309; first lens 301, second lens 302, sixth lens 306 and the eighth lens 308 are all negative refractive power lenses, and the fourth lens 304, the fifth lens 305, the seventh lens 307 and the ninth lens 309 are all positive refractive power lenses; the refractive power of the fixed focus lens is ⁇ ,
  • the power of the first lens 301 is ⁇ 1, the power of the second lens 302 is ⁇ 2, the power of the third lens 303 is ⁇ 3, the power of the fourth lens 304 is ⁇ 4, the light of the fifth lens 305
  • the focal power is ⁇ 5, the focal power of the sixth lens 306 is
  • the fixed-focus lens can meet the super-large light flux under the premise of a small aperture number, and realize the monitoring requirements under low-light conditions; At the same time, ensure that the resolution of the fixed-focus lens meets the imaging requirements in high and low temperature environments, and ensure the imaging capability of the lens in the night environment.
  • the first lens 301, the second lens 302, the third lens 303, the fifth lens 305, the sixth lens 306, the seventh lens 307, the eighth lens 308 and the ninth lens 309 are all plastic Aspheric lens
  • the fourth lens 304 is a glass spherical lens.
  • the material of the plastic aspheric lens can be various plastics known to those skilled in the art
  • the material of the glass spherical lens can be various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, which are not described in detail or limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the lens cost of plastic material is much lower than the lens cost of glass material
  • a glass lens and a plastic lens are used to mix and match, which can ensure the optical performance of the fixed-focus lens. Can effectively control the cost of the fixed focus lens.
  • the focal power, refractive index, and Abbe number range of each lens are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • Table 5 illustrates setting parameters of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application in a feasible implementation manner.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first lens 301 , a second lens 302 , a third lens 303 , a fourth lens 304 , and a fifth lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane.
  • 305 , sixth lens 306 , seventh lens 307 , eighth lens 308 and ninth lens 309 Table 5 shows the optical physical parameters such as the radius of curvature, thickness and material of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment.
  • the plane number is numbered according to the surface sequence of each lens, for example, "1" represents the object plane surface of the first lens 301, “2” represents the image plane surface of the first lens 301, and “9” represents the fifth lens 305 "10” represents the image surface of the fifth lens 305, and so on;
  • the radius of curvature represents the degree of curvature of the lens surface, a positive value represents that the surface is curved toward the image surface, and a negative value represents that the surface is curved toward the object One side of the surface;
  • the thickness represents the central axial distance from the current surface to the next surface, and the units of the radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm).
  • Both are plastic aspherical lenses
  • the fourth lens 304 is a glass spherical lens.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes an aperture (STO). By adding an aperture, the propagation direction of the light beam can be adjusted, which is beneficial to improve the imaging quality.
  • the diaphragm can be located in the optical path between the fifth lens 305 and the sixth lens 306, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting position of the diaphragm. By setting the diaphragm at a suitable position, it is helpful to improve the relative illuminance, and reduce the CRA.
  • the aspheric surface shape equation Z of the second lens 302, the third lens 303, the fifth lens 305, the sixth lens 306, the seventh lens 307, the eighth lens 308 and the ninth lens 309 satisfies:
  • Table 6 illustrates the aspheric coefficients of each lens in this embodiment in a feasible implementation manner.
  • -2.811354E-05 means that the coefficient A with the plane number 1 is -2.811354*10 -5 .
  • FIG. 8 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application. As shown in FIG. The spherical aberration under 0.656 ⁇ m) is all within 0.05mm, and the curves of different wavelengths are relatively concentrated, indicating that the axial aberration of the fixed-focus lens is very small, so it can be seen that the fixed-focus lens provided by the third embodiment of the present application can better Corrects aberrations.
  • Fig. 9 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application.
  • the horizontal coordinate represents the magnitude of the field curvature, and the unit is mm; the vertical coordinate represents normalization The height of the image has no unit; where T represents the meridian, and S represents the sagittal;
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the third embodiment is effectively used on the curvature of field from light with a wavelength of 436nm to light with a wavelength of 656nm Control, that is, when imaging, the difference between the center image quality and the surrounding image quality is small; in the coordinate system on the right, the horizontal coordinate indicates the size of the distortion, and the unit is %; the vertical coordinate indicates the normalized image height, and there is no unit.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the fixed-focus lens includes: a first lens 401 and a second lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane 402, the third lens 403, the fourth lens 404, the fifth lens 405, the sixth lens 406, the seventh lens 407, the eighth lens 408 and the ninth lens 409; the first lens 401, the second lens 402, the sixth lens 406 and the eighth lens 408 are all negative refractive power lenses, and the fourth lens 404, the fifth lens 405, the seventh lens 407 and the ninth lens 409 are all positive refractive power lenses; the refractive power of the fixed focus lens is ⁇ ,
  • the power of the first lens 401 is ⁇ 1, the power of the second lens 402 is ⁇ 2, the power of the third lens 403 is ⁇ 3, the power of the fourth lens 404 is ⁇ 4, the light of the fifth lens 405
  • the focal power is ⁇ 5,
  • the fixed-focus lens can meet the super-large light flux under the premise of a small aperture number, and realize the monitoring requirements under low-light conditions; At the same time, ensure that the resolution of the fixed-focus lens meets the imaging requirements in high and low temperature environments, and ensure the imaging capability of the lens in the night environment.
  • the second lens 402, the third lens 403, the fifth lens 405, the sixth lens 406, the seventh lens 407, the eighth lens 408, and the ninth lens 409 are all plastic aspheric lenses.
  • the first lens 401 and the fourth lens 404 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the material of the plastic aspheric lens can be various plastics known to those skilled in the art, and the material of the glass spherical lens can be various types of glass known to those skilled in the art, which are not described in detail or limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the lens cost of plastic material is much lower than the lens cost of glass material
  • a glass lens and a plastic lens are used to mix and match, which can ensure the optical performance of the fixed-focus lens. Can effectively control the cost of the fixed focus lens.
  • the focal power, refractive index, and Abbe number range of each lens are the same as those in Embodiment 1, and will not be repeated here.
  • Table 7 illustrates the setting parameters of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application in a feasible implementation manner.
  • Table 7 The design values of the optical parameters of the fixed-focus lens
  • the fixed-focus lens provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a first lens 401 , a second lens 402 , a third lens 403 , a fourth lens 404 , and a fifth lens arranged in sequence along the optical axis from the object plane to the image plane. 405 , sixth lens 406 , seventh lens 407 , eighth lens 408 and ninth lens 409 .
  • Table 7 shows the optical physical parameters such as the radius of curvature, thickness, and material of each lens in the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment.
  • the plane numbers are numbered according to the surface order of each lens, for example, "1" represents the object plane surface of the first lens 401, “2” represents the image plane surface of the first lens 401, and “9” represents the fifth lens 405 "10" represents the image surface of the fifth lens 405, and so on;
  • the radius of curvature represents the degree of curvature of the lens surface, a positive value represents that the surface is curved toward the image plane, and a negative value represents that the surface is curved toward the object One side of the surface;
  • the thickness represents the central axial distance from the current surface to the next surface, and the units of the radius of curvature and thickness are millimeters (mm).
  • the second lens 402, the third lens 403, the fifth lens 405, the sixth lens 406, the seventh lens 407, the eighth lens 408 and the ninth lens 409 are all made of plastic Aspherical lenses
  • the first lens 401 and the fourth lens 404 are glass spherical lenses.
  • the fixed-focus lens provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes an aperture (STO). By adding an aperture, the propagation direction of the light beam can be adjusted, which is beneficial to improve the imaging quality.
  • the diaphragm can be located in the optical path between the fifth lens 405 and the sixth lens 406, but the embodiment of the present application does not limit the setting position of the diaphragm. By setting the diaphragm at a suitable position, it is helpful to improve the relative illuminance, and reduce the CRA.
  • the aspherical surface shape equation Z of the second lens 402, the third lens 403, the fifth lens 405, the sixth lens 406, the seventh lens 407, the eighth lens 408 and the ninth lens 409 satisfies:
  • Table 8 illustrates the aspheric coefficients of each lens in this embodiment in a feasible implementation manner.
  • -2.796474E-03 means that the coefficient A of the plane number 3 is -2.796474*10 -3 .
  • the fixed-focus lens of the present embodiment 4 has reached the following technical indicators:
  • FIG. 11 is a spherical aberration curve diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the spherical aberration under 0.656 ⁇ m) is all within 0.05mm, and the curves of different wavelengths are relatively concentrated, indicating that the axial aberration of the fixed-focus lens is very small, so it can be seen that the fixed-focus lens provided by Embodiment 4 of the present application can better Corrects aberrations.
  • Fig. 12 is a field curvature distortion diagram of a fixed-focus lens provided in Embodiment 4 of the present application.
  • the horizontal coordinate represents the magnitude of field curvature in mm; the vertical coordinate represents normalization The transformation image height has no unit; where T represents the meridian, and S represents the sagittal; as can be seen from Figure 12, the fixed-focus lens provided by the fourth embodiment is effectively used on field curvature from light with a wavelength of 436nm to light with a wavelength of 656nm Control, that is, when imaging, the difference between the center image quality and the surrounding image quality is small; in the coordinate system on the right, the horizontal coordinate indicates the size of the distortion, and the unit is %; the vertical coordinate indicates the normalized image height, and there is no unit.
  • Table 9 is a summary of the parameters of the above embodiments. As shown in Table 9, the optical power, refractive index and Abbe number of each lens in the above embodiments are described.
  • Embodiment one Embodiment two Embodiment three Embodiment Four protected range ⁇ 1/ ⁇ -0.475 -0.473 -0.414 -0.531 -0.554 ⁇ -0.391 ⁇ 2/ ⁇ -0.536 -0.630 -0.401 -0.599 -0.675 ⁇ -0.355 ⁇ 3/ ⁇ 0.220 0.283 -0.099 0.285 -0.176 ⁇ 0.362
  • the fixed-focus lens ensures the balance of the incident angles of the front and rear lens groups of the fixed-focus lens by reasonably setting the number of lenses in the fixed-focus lens and the relative relationship between the focal powers of each lens, and reduces the lens size. Sensitivity, improve the possibility of production, ensure that the fixed-focus lens has a high resolution, meet the super large amount of light, improve the imaging quality, and meet the monitoring requirements under low-light conditions.

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Abstract

一种定焦镜头，包括沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜（101）、第二透镜（102）、第三透镜（103）、第四透镜（104）、第五透镜（105）、第六透镜（106）、第七透镜（107）、第八透镜（108）和第九透镜（109）；第一透镜（101）、第二透镜（102）、第六透镜（106）和第八透镜（108）均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜（104）、第五透镜（105）、第七透镜（107）和第九透镜（109）均为正光焦度透镜；定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜（101）的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜（102）的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜（103）的光焦度为Ф3，第四透镜（104）的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜（105）的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜（106）的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜（107）的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜（108）的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜（109）的光焦度为Ф9，‑0.554＜Ф1/Ф＜‑0.391；‑0.675＜Ф2/Ф＜0.355；‑0.176＜Ф3/Ф＜0.362；0.366＜Ф4/Ф＜0.61；0.208＜Ф5/Ф＜0.464；‑0.535＜Ф6/Ф＜‑0.209；0.288＜Ф7/Ф＜0.55；‑0.476＜Ф8/Ф＜‑0.18；0.34＜Ф9/Ф＜0.532。

Description

定焦镜头
本申请要求在2022年02月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210167116.9的中国专利申请的优先权，以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及光学器件技术领域，例如涉及一种定焦镜头。
背景技术
目前，安防监控领域在夜间及微光条件下，通常采用红外补光的方式来达到成像目的，但红外补光其成像范围较小，且色彩失真严重。为了达到更好的夜间成像效果，微光相机的需求日益增加。目前，市场上常见的高像质大光圈镜头多为F1.4，较少镜头达到F1.2的大光圈,且通常搭配1/2.7的sensor，靶面较小，很少有达到F1.0的超大光圈、大靶面的高像质镜头。基于以上市场现状，有必要开发一款大靶面超大光圈4K镜头，以便在夜间具有更好的成像效果。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种定焦镜头。
本申请实施例提供了一种定焦镜头，包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜、第二透镜、第三透镜、第四透镜、第五透镜、第六透镜、第七透镜、第八透镜和第九透镜；
所述第一透镜、所述第二透镜、所述第六透镜和所述第八透镜均为负光焦度透镜，所述第四透镜、所述第五透镜、所述第七透镜和所述第九透镜均为正光焦度透镜；
所述定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，所述第一透镜的光焦度为Ф1，所述第二透镜的光焦度为Ф2，所述第三透镜的光焦度为Ф3，所述第四透镜的光焦度为Ф4，所述第五透镜的光焦度为Ф5，所述第六透镜的光焦度为Ф6，所述第七透镜的光焦度为Ф7，所述第八透镜的光焦度为Ф8，所述第九透镜的光焦度为Ф9，
-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图；
图3为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图；
图4为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图；
图6为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图；
图7为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图；
图8为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图；
图9为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图；
图10为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图；
图11为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图；
图12为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图。
具体实施方式
本申请结合示意图进行描述，在描述本申请实施例时，为便于说明，表示装置器件结构的示意图并非按照一般比例作局部放大，而且所述示意图只是示例，其在此不应限制本申请保护的范围。
实施例一
图1为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图。如图1所示，定焦镜头包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜101、第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第四透镜104、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109；第一透镜101、第二透镜102、第六透镜106和第八透镜108均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜104、第五透镜105、第七透镜107和第九透镜109均为正光焦度透镜；定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜101的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜102的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜103的光焦度为Ф3，第四透镜104的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜105的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜106的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜107的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜108的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜109的光焦度为Ф9，-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
示例性的，光焦度等于像方光束汇聚度与物方光束汇聚度之差，它表征光学系统偏折光线的能力。光焦度的绝对值越大，对光线的弯折能力越强，光焦 度的绝对值越小，对光线的弯折能力越弱。光焦度为正数时，光线的屈折是汇聚性的；光焦度为负数时，光线的屈折是发散性的。光焦度可以适用于表征一个透镜的某一个折射面(即透镜的一个表面)，可以适用于表征某一个透镜，也可以适用于表征多个透镜共同形成的系统(即透镜组)。在本实施例提供的定焦镜头中，可以将各个透镜固定于一个镜筒(图1中未示出)内，第一透镜101、第二透镜102、第六透镜106和第八透镜108均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜104、第五透镜105、第七透镜107和第九透镜109均为正光焦度透镜，设置第一透镜101和第二透镜102为负光焦度透镜，用于控制光学系统入射角，有利于大视场角并且矫正场曲；第三透镜103可以为负光焦度，同样用于控制光学系统入射角，第三透镜103也可以为正光焦度，用于聚焦前面的光束，第四透镜104和第五透镜105为正光焦度透镜，也用于聚焦前面的光束；第五透镜105为正光焦度透镜、第六透镜106为负光焦度透镜、第七镜片107为正光焦度透镜、第八透镜108为负光焦度透镜、第九透镜109为正光焦度透镜，第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109用于矫正轴外像差，包括场曲、彗差、像散等像差。整个镜头保证该光学系统光焦度近似比例分配，保证前后组镜片的入射角大小的均衡性，以降低镜头的敏感性，提高生产的可能性，保证在高低温下不跑焦。
在一实施例中，定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜101的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜102的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜103的光焦度为Ф3，第四透镜104的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜105的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜106的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜107的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜108的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜109的光焦度为Ф9，-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。合理设置定焦镜头中各个透镜之间的光焦度，保证对光线的调整，进而保证成像效果。
本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头，通过合理设置定焦镜头中的透镜数量以及各透镜的光焦度之间的相对关系，保证定焦镜头前后组镜片的入射角大小的均衡性，降低镜头的敏感性，提高生产的可能性，保证定焦镜头具有较高的解像力，提高成像质量，满足低照度条件下的监控需求。
作为一种可行的实施方式，第一透镜101、第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109均为塑胶非球面透镜，第四透镜104为玻璃球面透镜。
作为另一种可行的实施方式，第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜101和第四透镜104为玻璃球面透镜。
其中，非球面透镜起到矫正所有高级像差的作用。塑胶非球面透镜的材质可为本领域技术人员可知的各种塑胶，玻璃球面透镜的材质为本领域技术人员可知的各种类型的玻璃，本申请实施例对此不赘述也不作限定。由于塑胶材质的透镜成本远低于玻璃材质的透镜成本，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头中，采用了玻璃透镜与塑胶透镜混合搭配的方式，可使得在确保定焦镜头的光学性能的同时能够有效地控制定焦镜头的成本。且因两类材质具有互相补偿作用，可保证定焦镜头在高低温环境下仍可正常使用。
在一实施例中，透镜邻近物面一侧的表面为物方表面，透镜邻近像面一侧的表面为像方表面；第一透镜101的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第一透镜101的像方表面朝向物面凸起；第二透镜102的物方表面朝向像面凸起，第二透镜102的像方表面朝向物面凸起；第三透镜103的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第三透镜103的像方表面朝向物面凸起；第四透镜104的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第四透镜104的像方表面朝向像面凸起；第六透镜106的物方表面朝向像面凸起，第六透镜106的像方表面朝向物面凸起；第七透镜107的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第七透镜107的像方表面朝向像面凸起；第八透镜108的物方表面朝向像面凸起，第八透镜108的像方表面朝向像面凸起。
示例性的，如图1所示，第五透镜105的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第五透镜105的像方表面朝向像面凸起；第九透镜109的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第九透镜109的像方表面朝向像面凸起。第九透镜109还可以为第九透镜109的物方表面朝向物面凸起，第九透镜109的像方表面朝向物面凸起，呈弯月形透镜。通过合理设置各个透镜的面型，保证各个透镜的光焦度满足上述实施例中光焦度要求的同时，还可以保证整个定焦镜头结构紧凑，定焦镜头集成度高。
在一实施例中，第一透镜101的折射率为n1，阿贝数为v1；第二透镜102的折射率为n2，阿贝数为v2；第三透镜103的折射率为n3，阿贝数为v3；第四透镜104的折射率为n4，阿贝数为v4；第五透镜105的折射率为n5，阿贝数为v5；第六透镜106的折射率为n6，阿贝数为v6；第七透镜107的折射率为n7，阿贝数为v7；第八透镜108的折射率为n8，阿贝数为v8；第九透镜109的折射率为n9，阿贝数为v9；1.47<n1<1.96，38<v1<69；1.47<n2<1.55，49<v2<57.1；1.60<n3<1.68，19.1<v3<30.4；1.55<n4<2.005，20<v4<75；1.47<n5<1.55，50<v5<61； 1.60<n6<1.68，19.1<v6<30.4；1.47<n7<1.55，49<v7<57.1；1.60<n8<1.68，18.9<v8<30.4；1.47<n9<1.55，50.1<v9<61。
其中，折射率是光在真空中的传播速度与光在该介质中的传播速度之比，主要用来描述材料对光的折射能力，不同的材料的折射率不同。阿贝数是用以表示透明介质色散能力的指数，介质色散越严重，阿贝数越小；反之，介质的色散越轻微，阿贝数越大。如此，通过搭配设置定焦镜头中各透镜的折射率和阿贝数，有利于实现定焦镜头的小型化设计；同时，有利于实现较高的像素分辨率与较大的光圈。进而保证前后组镜片的入射角大小的均衡性，以降低镜头的敏感性，提高生产的可能性。
作为一种可行的实施方式，第九透镜109像方表面的光轴中心至像面的距离为BFL，第一透镜101物方表面的光轴中心至像面的距离为TTL，其中：TTL/BFL<8。
示例性的，第九透镜109像方表面的光轴中心至像面的距离可以理解为定焦镜头的后焦，通过合理设置定焦镜头的后焦与定焦镜头的总长之间的关系，可以保证整个定焦镜头结构紧凑，定焦镜头集成度高。
在一实施例中，第二透镜102与第三透镜103、第六透镜106与第七透镜107以及第七透镜107与第八透镜108之间通过隔圈承靠或通过胶水粘接。
其中，第二透镜102与第三透镜103之间可以通过隔圈承靠或通过胶水粘接；第六透镜106与第七透镜107之间也可以通过隔圈承靠或通过胶水粘接；第七透镜107与第八透镜108之间也可以通过隔圈承靠或通过胶水粘接。胶合透镜可用于最大限度地减少色差或消除色差，使得定焦镜头的各种像差可得到充分校正，在结构紧凑的前提下，可提高分辨率，优化畸变、主光线角度(chief ray angle，CRA)等光学性能；并可减少镜片间反射引起光量损失，提升照度，从而改善像质、提升镜头成像的清晰度。另外，胶合透镜的使用还可减少两个镜片之间的组立部件，简化镜头制造过程中的装配程序，降低成本，并降低镜片单元因在组立过程中产生的倾斜/偏芯等公差敏感度。
在一实施例中，定焦镜头的光圈数F满足F≤1.0。
本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头可满足较大光通过量，从而满足低照度条件下的监控需求。
继续参考图1，在一实施例中，定焦镜头还包括光阑；
光阑位于第四透镜104与第五透镜105之间的光路中。
其中，通过将光阑设置在第四透镜104和第五透镜105之间的光路中，可 以调节光束的传播方向，调整光线入射角，有利于进一步提高成像质量。
作为一种可行的实施方式，下面对定焦镜头中各个透镜表面的的曲率半径、厚度、材料和半口径进行说明。
表1定焦镜头的光学参数的设计值
面序号 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 Nd Vd Semi-Diameter
OBJ 球面 Infinity Infinity      
1 球面 78.9768 0.900 1.61 60  
2 球面 5.0072 3.389      
3 非球面 -10.4570 1.550 1.535 52.8 3.9
4 非球面 7.3031 2.108 1.67 27.2 3.9
5 非球面 15.1414 0.144     3.9
6 球面 14.4274 5.188 1.807 45.935 6.2
STO 球面 -8.3828 0.324     6.2
8 非球面 9.2304 1.709 1.54 60  
9 非球面 10000 0.414      
10 非球面 -29.5539 1.286 1.64 22.8  
11 非球面 6.9993 3.650 1.53 50  
12 非球面 -12.1314 0.467     4.05
13 非球面 -2.7588 0.888 1.66 26.36  
14 非球面 -4.4948 0.098      
15 非球面 4.2928 1.867 1.54 60 3.8
16 非球面 34.1502 3.300     3.8
17 球面 Infinity 0.700 1.52 64.2  
18 球面 Infinity 0.601      
继续参考图1，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头包括沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜101、第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第四透镜104、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109。表1示出了实施例提供的定焦镜头中各透镜的曲率半径、厚度及材料等光学物理参数。其中，面序号根据各个透镜的表面顺序来进行编号，例如，“1”代表第一透镜101的物面表面，“2”代表第一透镜101的像面表面，“8”代表第五透镜105的物面表面，“9”代表第五透镜105的像面表面，依次类推；曲率半径代表镜片表面的弯 曲程度，正值代表该表面弯向像面一侧，负值代表该表面弯向物面一侧；厚度代表当前表面到下一表面的中心轴向距离，曲率半径和厚度的单位均为毫米(mm)。
在上述实施的基础上，在一实施例中，第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜101和第四透镜104为玻璃球面透镜。本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头还包括光阑(STO)，通过增设光阑可以调节光束的传播方向，有利于提高成像质量。光阑可以位于第五透镜105和第六透镜106之间的光路中，但本申请实施例对光阑的设置位置不进行限定，通过将光阑设置在合适的位置处，有助于提高相对照度，并减小CRA。
第二透镜102、第三透镜103、第五透镜105、第六透镜106、第七透镜107、第八透镜108和第九透镜109的非球面表面形状方程Z满足：
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000001
式中，Z为非球面沿光轴方向在高度为y的位置时，距非球面顶点的距离矢高；c＝1/R，R表示镜面的近轴曲率半径；k为圆锥系数；A、B、C、D、E、F为高次非球面系数，其中，Z、R和y的单位均为mm。
示例性的，表2以一种可行的实施方式说明了本实施例中各透镜的非球面系数。
表2定焦镜头中非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000003
其中，-2.194551E-03表示面序号为3的系数A为-2.194551*10 -3。
本实施例一的定焦镜头达到了如下的技术指标：
F数：F＝1.0。
在一实施例中，图2为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图，如图2所示，该定焦镜头在不同波长(0.436μm、0.486μm、0.588μm和0.656μm)下的球差均在0.05mm以内，不同波长曲线相对较集中，说明该定焦镜头的轴向像差很小，从而可知，本申请实施例一提供的定焦镜头能够较好地校正像差。
图3为本申请实施例一提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图，如图3所示，左侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示场曲的大小，单位为mm；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位；其中T表示子午，S表示弧矢；由图3可以看出，本实施例一提供的定焦镜头从波长为436nm的光到656nm的光，在场曲上被有效地控制，即在成像时，中心的像质和周边的像质差距较小；右侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示畸变的大小，单位为％；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位。
实施例二
图4为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图，如图4所示，定焦镜头包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜201、第二透镜202、第三透镜203、第四透镜204、第五透镜205、第六透镜206、第七透镜207、第八透镜208和第九透镜209；第一透镜201、第二透镜202、第六透镜206和第八透镜208均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜204、第五透镜205、第七透镜207和第九透镜209均为正光焦度透镜；定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜201的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜202的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜203的光焦度为Ф3，第四 透镜204的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜205的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜206的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜207的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜208的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜209的光焦度为Ф9，-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
通过合理设置定焦镜头中的透镜数量和各透镜的光焦度之间的相对关系，保证定焦镜头在较小光圈数的前提下，满足超大通光量，实现低照度条件下的监控需求；同时保证定焦镜头在高低温环境下使用解像力满足成像要求，保证镜头在夜间环境下的成像能力。
作为一种可行的实施方式，第二透镜202、第三透镜203、第五透镜105、第六透镜206、第七透镜207、第八透镜208和第九透镜209均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜201和第四透镜204为玻璃球面透镜。其中，塑胶非球面透镜的材质可为本领域技术人员可知的各种塑胶，玻璃球面透镜的材质为本领域技术人员可知的各种类型的玻璃，本申请实施例对此不赘述也不作限定。由于塑胶材质的透镜成本远低于玻璃材质的透镜成本，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头中，采用了玻璃透镜与塑胶透镜混合搭配的方式，可使得在确保定焦镜头的光学性能的同时能够有效地控制定焦镜头的成本。
其中，各个透镜的光焦度、折射率、阿贝数范围与实施例一相同，这里不再赘述。
示例性的，表3以一种可行的实施方式，说明了本申请实施例二提供的定焦镜头中各个透镜的设置参数。
表3定焦镜头的光学参数的设计值
面序号 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 Nd Vd Semi-Diameter
OBJ 球面 Infinity Infinity      
1 球面 80.7201 1.380 1.61 59.2  
2 球面 5.0508 3.750      
3 非球面 -9.6306 1.485 1.54 50 4
4 非球面 6.0798 1.778 1.66 19.7 4
5 非球面 14.1425 0.118     4
6 球面 13.1213 4.658 1.806 45 6.2
STO 球面 -10.1691 0.349     6.2
8 非球面 9.6688 2.027 1.535 51.8  
9 非球面 -16.0419 1.416 1.64 22.9  
10 非球面 10.1589 3.581 1.535 55.33  
11 非球面 -12.7295 0.525      
12 非球面 -2.9183 1.018 1.66 19  
13 非球面 -4.7459 0.099     3.76
14 非球面 4.4031 1.847 1.54 51.4 3.8
15 非球面 31.4068 3.300     3.8
16 球面 Infinity 0.700 1.52 64.2  
17 球面 Infinity 1.186      
继续参考图4，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头包括沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜201、第二透镜202、第三透镜203、第四透镜204、第五透镜205、第六透镜206、第七透镜207、第八透镜208和第九透镜209。表3示出了实施例提供的定焦镜头中各透镜的曲率半径、厚度及材料等光学物理参数。其中，面序号根据各个透镜的表面顺序来进行编号，例如，“1”代表第一透镜201的物面表面，“2”代表第一透镜201的像面表面，“8”代表第五透镜205的物面表面，“9”代表第五透镜205的像面表面，依次类推；曲率半径代表镜片表面的弯曲程度，正值代表该表面弯向像面一侧，负值代表该表面弯向物面一侧；厚度代表当前表面到下一表面的中心轴向距离，曲率半径和厚度的单位均为毫米(mm)。
在上述实施的基础上，在一实施例中，第二透镜202、第三透镜203、第五透镜205、第六透镜206、第七透镜207、第八透镜208和第九透镜209均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜201和第四透镜204为玻璃球面透镜。本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头还包括光阑(STO)，通过增设光阑可以调节光束的传播方向，有利于提高成像质量。光阑可以位于第五透镜205和第六透镜206之间的光路中，但本申请实施例对光阑的设置位置不进行限定，通过将光阑设置在合适的位置处，有助于提高相对照度，并减小CRA。
第二透镜202、第三透镜203、第五透镜205、第六透镜206、第七透镜207、第八透镜208和第九透镜209的非球面表面形状方程Z满足：
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000004
式中，Z为非球面沿光轴方向在高度为y的位置时，距非球面顶点的距离矢 高；c＝1/R，R表示镜面的近轴曲率半径；k为圆锥系数；A、B、C、D、E、F为高次非球面系数，其中，Z、R和y的单位均为mm。
示例性的，表4以一种可行的实施方式说明了本实施例中各透镜的非球面系数。
表4定焦镜头中非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000005
其中，-2.273994E-03表示面序号为3的系数A为-2.273994*10 -3。
本实施例二的定焦镜头达到了如下的技术指标：
F数：F＝1.0。
在一实施例中，图5为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图，如图2所示，该定焦镜头在不同波长(0.436μm、0.486μm、0.588μm、0.656μm) 下的球差均在0.05mm以内，不同波长曲线相对较集中，说明该定焦镜头的轴向像差很小，从而可知，本申请实施例二提供的定焦镜头能够较好地校正像差。
图6为本申请实施例二提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图，如图6所示，左侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示场曲的大小，单位为mm；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位；其中T表示子午，S表示弧矢；由图6可以看出，本实施例二提供的定焦镜头从波长为436nm的光到656nm的光，在场曲上被有效地控制，即在成像时，中心的像质和周边的像质差距较小；右侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示畸变的大小，单位为％；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位。
实施例三
图7为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图，如图7所示，定焦镜头包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜301、第二透镜302、第三透镜303、第四透镜304、第五透镜305、第六透镜306、第七透镜307、第八透镜308和第九透镜309；第一透镜301、第二透镜302、第六透镜306和第八透镜308均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜304、第五透镜305、第七透镜307和第九透镜309均为正光焦度透镜；定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜301的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜302的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜303的光焦度为Ф3，第四透镜304的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜305的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜306的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜307的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜308的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜309的光焦度为Ф9，-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
通过合理设置定焦镜头中的透镜数量和各透镜的光焦度之间的相对关系，保证定焦镜头在较小光圈数的前提下，满足超大通光量，实现低照度条件下的监控需求；同时保证定焦镜头在高低温环境下使用解像力满足成像要求，保证镜头在夜间环境下的成像能力。
作为一种可行的实施方式，第一透镜301、第二透镜302、第三透镜303、第五透镜305、第六透镜306、第七透镜307、第八透镜308和第九透镜309均为塑胶非球面透镜，第四透镜304为玻璃球面透镜。其中，塑胶非球面透镜的材质可为本领域技术人员可知的各种塑胶，玻璃球面透镜的材质为本领域技术人员可知的各种类型的玻璃，本申请实施例对此不赘述也不作限定。由于塑胶材质的透镜成本远低于玻璃材质的透镜成本，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头中，采用了玻璃透镜与塑胶透镜混合搭配的方式，可使得在确保定焦镜头的光学性 能的同时能够有效地控制定焦镜头的成本。
其中，各个透镜的光焦度、折射率、阿贝数范围与实施例一相同，这里不再赘述。
示例性的，表5以一种可行的实施方式，说明了本申请实施例三提供的定焦镜头中各个透镜的设置参数。
表5定焦镜头的光学参数的设计值
面序号 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 Nd Vd Semi-Diameter
OBJ 球面 Infinity Infinity      
1 非球面 90.8753 0.877 1.535 53  
2 非球面 5.1083 3.985      
3 非球面 -11.3289 0.965 1.535 52.77 4.2
4 非球面 11.4494 0.100     4.2
5 非球面 13.0219 1.989 1.64 23.24 4.2
6 非球面 8.2737 0.175     4.02
7 球面 11.4055 4.477 2 25.53 6.2
STO 球面 -16.3407 0.333     6.2
9 非球面 8.1952 2.063 1.535 56.84  
10 非球面 -41.7244 0.196      
11 非球面 -19.1171 1.319 1.66 20.3  
12 非球面 8.3005 0.100      
13 非球面 6.2967 4.039 1.535 56  
14 非球面 -11.2569 0.450      
15 非球面 -2.7376 0.930 1.64 22.92 4.2
16 非球面 -4.4027 0.098      
17 非球面 4.6358 2.284 1.535 57.8 3.8
18 非球面 -224.6197 3.300     3.8
19 球面 Infinity 0.700 1.52 64.2  
20 球面 Infinity 1.440      
继续参考图7，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头包括沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜301、第二透镜302、第三透镜303、第四透镜304、第五透镜305、第六透镜306、第七透镜307、第八透镜308和第九透镜309。表5示出了 实施例提供的定焦镜头中各透镜的曲率半径、厚度及材料等光学物理参数。其中，面序号根据各个透镜的表面顺序来进行编号，例如，“1”代表第一透镜301的物面表面，“2”代表第一透镜301的像面表面，“9”代表第五透镜305的物面表面，“10”代表第五透镜305的像面表面，依次类推；曲率半径代表镜片表面的弯曲程度，正值代表该表面弯向像面一侧，负值代表该表面弯向物面一侧；厚度代表当前表面到下一表面的中心轴向距离，曲率半径和厚度的单位均为毫米(mm)。
在上述实施的基础上，可选的，第一透镜301、第二透镜302、第三透镜303、第五透镜305、第六透镜306、第七透镜307、第八透镜308和第九透镜309均为塑胶非球面透镜，第四透镜304为玻璃球面透镜。本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头还包括光阑(STO)，通过增设光阑可以调节光束的传播方向，有利于提高成像质量。光阑可以位于第五透镜305和第六透镜306之间的光路中，但本申请实施例对光阑的设置位置不进行限定，通过将光阑设置在合适的位置处，有助于提高相对照度，并减小CRA。
第二透镜302、第三透镜303、第五透镜305、第六透镜306、第七透镜307、第八透镜308和第九透镜309的非球面表面形状方程Z满足：
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000006
式中，Z为非球面沿光轴方向在高度为y的位置时，距非球面顶点的距离矢高；c＝1/R，R表示镜面的近轴曲率半径；k为圆锥系数；A、B、C、D、E、F为高次非球面系数，其中，Z、R和y的单位均为mm。
示例性的，表6以一种可行的实施方式说明了本实施例中各透镜的非球面系数。
表6定焦镜头中非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000008
其中，-2.811354E-05表示面序号为1的系数A为-2.811354*10 -5。
本实施例三的定焦镜头达到了如下的技术指标：
F数：F＝1.0。
在一实施例中，图8为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图，如图8所示，该定焦镜头在不同波长(0.436μm、0.486μm、0.588μm和0.656μm)下的球差均在0.05mm以内，不同波长曲线相对较集中，说明该定焦镜头的轴向像差很小，从而可知，本申请实施例三提供的定焦镜头能够较好地校正像差。
图9为本申请实施例三提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图，如图9所示，左侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示场曲的大小，单位为mm；垂直坐标表示归一化像 高，没有单位；其中T表示子午，S表示弧矢；由图9可以看出，本实施例三提供的定焦镜头从波长为436nm的光到656nm的光，在场曲上被有效地控制，即在成像时，中心的像质和周边的像质差距较小；右侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示畸变的大小，单位为％；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位。
实施例四
图10为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的结构示意图，如图10所示，定焦镜头包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜401、第二透镜402、第三透镜403、第四透镜404、第五透镜405、第六透镜406、第七透镜407、第八透镜408和第九透镜409；第一透镜401、第二透镜402、第六透镜406和第八透镜408均为负光焦度透镜，第四透镜404、第五透镜405、第七透镜407和第九透镜409均为正光焦度透镜；定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，第一透镜401的光焦度为Ф1，第二透镜402的光焦度为Ф2，第三透镜403的光焦度为Ф3，第四透镜404的光焦度为Ф4，第五透镜405的光焦度为Ф5，第六透镜406的光焦度为Ф6，第七透镜407的光焦度为Ф7，第八透镜408的光焦度为Ф8，第九透镜409的光焦度为Ф9，-0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
通过合理设置定焦镜头中的透镜数量和各透镜的光焦度之间的相对关系，保证定焦镜头在较小光圈数的前提下，满足超大通光量，实现低照度条件下的监控需求；同时保证定焦镜头在高低温环境下使用解像力满足成像要求，保证镜头在夜间环境下的成像能力。
作为一种可行的实施方式，第二透镜402、第三透镜403、第五透镜405、第六透镜406、第七透镜407、第八透镜408和第九透镜409均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜401和第四透镜404为玻璃球面透镜。其中，塑胶非球面透镜的材质可为本领域技术人员可知的各种塑胶，玻璃球面透镜的材质为本领域技术人员可知的各种类型的玻璃，本申请实施例对此不赘述也不作限定。由于塑胶材质的透镜成本远低于玻璃材质的透镜成本，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头中，采用了玻璃透镜与塑胶透镜混合搭配的方式，可使得在确保定焦镜头的光学性能的同时能够有效地控制定焦镜头的成本。
其中，各个透镜的光焦度、折射率、阿贝数范围与实施例一相同，这里不再赘述。
示例性的，表7以一种可行的实施方式，说明了本申请实施例四提供的定 焦镜头中各个透镜的设置参数。
表7定焦镜头的光学参数的设计值
面序号 表面类型 曲率半径 厚度 Nd Vd Semi-Diameter
OBJ 球面 Infinity Infinity      
1 球面 40.1814 1.499 1.82 48.1  
2 球面 5.4168 2.964      
3 非球面 -9.8208 1.526 1.535 53 4
4 非球面 6.2305 0.097     4.2
5 非球面 5.9632 2.072 1.66 21.5 4.2
6 非球面 13.6693 0.222     4.2
7 球面 13.3159 4.526 1.648 70 6.2
STO 球面 -11.5901 0.594     6.2
9 非球面 7.6845 3.427 1.535 56.4  
10 非球面 -13.3480 0.534      
11 非球面 -37.4255 0.882 1.64 23.4  
12 非球面 14.4222 3.169 1.535 56.09  
13 非球面 -11.8680 0.853      
14 非球面 -2.1710 0.953 1.66 20.1  
15 非球面 -3.9463 0.113     4.171
16 非球面 4.2404 1.775 1.535 57.4 3.8
17 非球面 895.9781 3.300     3.8
18 球面 Infinity 0.700 1.52 64.2  
19 球面 Infinity 0.603      
继续参考图10，本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头包括沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜401、第二透镜402、第三透镜403、第四透镜404、第五透镜405、第六透镜406、第七透镜407、第八透镜408和第九透镜409。表7示出了实施例提供的定焦镜头中各透镜的曲率半径、厚度及材料等光学物理参数。其中，面序号根据各个透镜的表面顺序来进行编号，例如，“1”代表第一透镜401的物面表面，“2”代表第一透镜401的像面表面，“9”代表第五透镜405的物面表面，“10”代表第五透镜405的像面表面，依次类推；曲率半径代表镜片表面的弯曲程度，正值代表该表面弯向像面一侧，负值代表该表面弯向物面一侧；厚度 代表当前表面到下一表面的中心轴向距离，曲率半径和厚度的单位均为毫米(mm)。
在上述实施的基础上，在一实施例中，第二透镜402、第三透镜403、第五透镜405、第六透镜406、第七透镜407、第八透镜408和第九透镜409均为塑胶非球面透镜，第一透镜401和第四透镜404为玻璃球面透镜。本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头还包括光阑(STO)，通过增设光阑可以调节光束的传播方向，有利于提高成像质量。光阑可以位于第五透镜405和第六透镜406之间的光路中，但本申请实施例对光阑的设置位置不进行限定，通过将光阑设置在合适的位置处，有助于提高相对照度，并减小CRA。
第二透镜402、第三透镜403、第五透镜405、第六透镜406、第七透镜407、第八透镜408和第九透镜409的非球面表面形状方程Z满足：
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000009
式中，Z为非球面沿光轴方向在高度为y的位置时，距非球面顶点的距离矢高；c＝1/R，R表示镜面的近轴曲率半径；k为圆锥系数；A、B、C、D、E、F为高次非球面系数，其中，Z、R和y的单位均为mm。
示例性的，表8以一种可行的实施方式说明了本实施例中各透镜的非球面系数。
表8定焦镜头中非球面系数
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000010
Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-000011
其中，-2.796474E-03表示面序号为3的系数A为-2.796474*10 -3。
本实施例四的定焦镜头达到了如下的技术指标：
F数：F＝1.0。
在一实施例中，图11为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的球差曲线图，如图11所示，该定焦镜头在不同波长(0.436μm、0.486μm、0.588μm和0.656μm)下的球差均在0.05mm以内，不同波长曲线相对较集中，说明该定焦镜头的轴向像差很小，从而可知，本申请实施例四提供的定焦镜头能够较好地校正像差。
图12为本申请实施例四提供的一种定焦镜头的场曲畸变图，如图12所示，左侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示场曲的大小，单位为mm；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位；其中T表示子午，S表示弧矢；由图12可以看出，本实施例四提供的定焦镜头从波长为436nm的光到656nm的光，在场曲上被有效地控制，即在成像时，中心的像质和周边的像质差距较小；右侧坐标系中，水平坐标表示畸变的大小，单位为％；垂直坐标表示归一化像高，没有单位。
表9为上述实施例的参数汇总，如表9所示，说明了上述实施例中各透镜的光焦度、折射率和阿贝数。
表9以上实施例的参数汇总
  实施例一 实施例二 实施例三 实施例四 保护范围
Ф1/Ф -0.475 -0.473 -0.414 -0.531 -0.554～-0.391
Ф2/Ф -0.536 -0.630 -0.401 -0.599 -0.675～-0.355
Ф3/Ф 0.220 0.283 -0.099 0.285 -0.176～0.362
Ф4/Ф 0.572 0.539 0.575 0.401 0.366～0.61
Ф5/Ф 0.244 0.363 0.324 0.427 0.208～0.464
Ф6/Ф -0.479 -0.442 -0.489 -0.256 -0.535～-0.209
Ф7/Ф 0.466 0.376 0.512 0.325 0.288～0.55
Ф8/Ф -0.308 -0.285 -0.291 -0.444 -0.476～-0.18
Ф9/Ф 0.470 0.454 0.493 0.519 0.34～0.532
n1 1.61 1.61 1.535 1.82 1.47～1.96
n2 1.535 1.54 1.535 1.535 1.47～1.55
n3 1.67 1.66 1.64 1.66 1.6～1.68
n4 1.807 1.806 2 1.648 1.55～2.005
n5 1.54 1.535 1.535 1.535 1.47～1.55
n6 1.64 1.64 1.66 1.64 1.6～1.68
n7 1.53 1.535 1.535 1.535 1.47～1.55
n8 1.66 1.66 1.64 1.66 1.6～1.68
n9 1.54 1.54 1.535 1.535 1.47～1.55
v1 60 59.2 53 48.1 38～69
v2 52.8 50 52.77 53 49～57.1
v3 27.2 19.7 23.24 21.5 19.1～30.4
v4 45.935 45 25.53 70 20～75
v5 60 51.8 56.84 56.4 50～61
v6 22.8 22.9 20.3 23.4 19.1～30.4
v7 50 55.33 56 56.09 49～57.1
v8 26.36 19 22.92 20.1 18.9～30.4
v9 60 51.4 57.8 57.4 50.1～61
TTL/BFL 6.2 5.63 5.48 6.476 <8
本申请实施例提供的定焦镜头，通过合理设置定焦镜头中的透镜数量以及各透镜的光焦度之间的相对关系，保证定焦镜头前后组镜片的入射角大小的均衡性，降低镜头的敏感性，提高生产的可能性，保证定焦镜头具有较高的解像力，满足超大通光量，提高成像质量，满足低照度条件下的监控需求。
本领域技术人员会理解，本申请不限于这里所述的特定实施例，对本领域技术人员来说能够进行各种明显的变化、重新调整、相互结合和替代而不会脱离本申请的保护范围。因此，虽然通过以上实施例对本申请进行了说明，但是本申请不仅仅限于以上实施例，在不脱离本发明构思的情况下，还可以包括更多其他等效实施例，而本申请的范围由所附的权利要求范围决定。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种定焦镜头，包括：沿光轴从物面到像面依次排列的第一透镜(101)、第二透镜(102)、第三透镜(103)、第四透镜(104)、第五透镜(105)、第六透镜(106)、第七透镜(107)、第八透镜(108)和第九透镜(109)；
    所述第一透镜(101)、所述第二透镜(102)、所述第六透镜(106)和所述第八透镜(108)分别为负光焦度透镜，所述第四透镜(104)、所述第五透镜(105)、所述第七透镜(107)和所述第九透镜(109)分别为正光焦度透镜；
    所述定焦镜头的光焦度为Ф，所述第一透镜(101)的光焦度为Ф1，所述第二透镜(102)的光焦度为Ф2，所述第三透镜(103)的光焦度为Ф3，所述第四透镜(104)的光焦度为Ф4，所述第五透镜(105)的光焦度为Ф5，所述第六透镜(106)的光焦度为Ф6，所述第七透镜(107)的光焦度为Ф7，所述第八透镜(108)的光焦度为Ф8，所述第九透镜(109)的光焦度为Ф9，
    -0.554<Ф1/Ф<-0.391；-0.675<Ф2/Ф<-0.355；-0.176<Ф3/Ф<0.362；0.366<Ф4/Ф<0.61；0.208<Ф5/Ф<0.464；-0.535<Ф6/Ф<-0.209；0.288<Ф7/Ф<0.55；-0.476<Ф8/Ф<-0.18；0.34<Ф9/Ф<0.532。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述第二透镜(102)、所述第三透镜(103)、所述第五透镜(105)、所述第六透镜(106)、所述第七透镜(107)、所述第八透镜(108)和所述第九透镜(109)分别为塑胶非球面透镜，所述第四透镜(104)为玻璃球面透镜。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，透镜邻近所述物面一侧的表面为物方表面，透镜邻近所述像面一侧的表面为像方表面；
    所述第一透镜(101)的物方表面朝向所述物面凸起，所述第一透镜(101)的像方表面朝向所述物面凸起；所述第二透镜(102)的物方表面朝向所述像面凸起，所述第二透镜(102)的像方表面朝向所述物面凸起；所述第三透镜(103)的物方表面朝向所述物面凸起，所述第三透镜(103)的像方表面朝向所述物面凸起；所述第四透镜(104)的物方表面朝向所述物面凸起，所述第四透镜(104)的像方表面朝向所述像面凸起；所述第六透镜(106)的物方表面朝向所述像面凸起，所述第六透镜(106)的像方表面朝向所述物面凸起；所述第七透镜(107)的物方表面朝向所述物面凸起，所述第七透镜(107)的像方表面朝向所述像面凸起；所述第八透镜(108)的物方表面朝向所述像面凸起，所述第八透镜(108)的像方表面朝向所述像面凸起。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述第一透镜(101)的折射率为n1，阿贝数为v1；所述第二透镜(102)的折射率为n2，阿贝数为v2；所 述第三透镜(103)的折射率为n3，阿贝数为v3；所述第四透镜(104)的折射率为n4，阿贝数为v4；所述第五透镜(105)的折射率为n5，阿贝数为v5；所述第六透镜(106)的折射率为n6，阿贝数为v6；所述第七透镜(107)的折射率为n7，阿贝数为v7；所述第八透镜(108)的折射率为n8，阿贝数为v8；所述第九透镜(109)的折射率为n9，阿贝数为v9；
    1.47<n1<1.96，38<v1<69；1.47<n2<1.55，49<v2<57.1；1.60<n3<1.68，19.1<v3<30.4；1.55<n4<2.005，20<v4<75；1.47<n5<1.55，50<v5<61；1.60<n6<1.68，19.1<v6<30.4；1.47<n7<1.55，49<v7<57.1；1.60<n8<1.68，18.9<v8<30.4；1.47<n9<1.55，50.1<v9<61。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述第九透镜(109)像方表面的光轴中心至像面的距离为BFL，所述第一透镜(101)物方表面的光轴中心至像面的距离为TTL，其中：TTL/BFL<8。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述第二透镜(102)与所述第三透镜(103)、所述第六透镜(106)与所述第七透镜(107)以及所述第七透镜(107)与所述第八透镜(108)之间通过隔圈承靠或通过胶水粘接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述定焦镜头的光圈数F满足F≤1.0。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的定焦镜头，其中，所述第二透镜(102)、所述第三透镜(103)、所述第五透镜(105)、所述第六透镜(106)、所述第七透镜(107)、所述第八透镜(108)和所述第九透镜(109)分别为塑胶非球面透镜，非球面表面形状方程Z满足：
    Figure PCTCN2023071190-appb-100001
    式中，Z为非球面沿光轴方向在高度为y的位置时，距非球面顶点的距离矢高；c＝1/R，R表示镜面的近轴曲率半径；k为圆锥系数；A、B、C、D、E、F为高次非球面系数，其中，Z、R和y的单位均为mm。
PCT/CN2023/071190 2022-02-23 2023-01-09 定焦镜头 WO2023160277A1 (zh)

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