WO2023159471A1 - 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备 - Google Patents

天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023159471A1
WO2023159471A1 PCT/CN2022/077924 CN2022077924W WO2023159471A1 WO 2023159471 A1 WO2023159471 A1 WO 2023159471A1 CN 2022077924 W CN2022077924 W CN 2022077924W WO 2023159471 A1 WO2023159471 A1 WO 2023159471A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
radiation
phase shifting
shifting unit
radiation phase
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/077924
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王一鸣
杨晓强
唐粹伟
赵维
陈璐
吝子祥
车春城
Original Assignee
京东方科技集团股份有限公司
北京京东方传感技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 京东方科技集团股份有限公司, 北京京东方传感技术有限公司 filed Critical 京东方科技集团股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/077924 priority Critical patent/WO2023159471A1/zh
Priority to CN202280000304.0A priority patent/CN116964864A/zh
Publication of WO2023159471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159471A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q23/00—Antennas with active circuits or circuit elements integrated within them or attached to them
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters

Definitions

  • the disclosure belongs to the technical field of communication, and in particular relates to an antenna structure, an array antenna and electronic equipment.
  • Reconfigurable antennas can realize independent adjustment of radiation characteristics without changing the physical structure and aperture of the antenna. This functional diversity makes reconfigurable antennas not only adapt to the channel and rate requirements of today's wireless communication systems, Moreover, the number and cost of antennas can be reduced to a great extent, which has very important value in practical applications.
  • the present disclosure aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides an antenna structure, an array antenna and an electronic device, which can realize reconfigurability in multiple polarization modes, and have a simple structure and are easy to manufacture.
  • the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problems of the present disclosure is an antenna structure, which includes: a first substrate and a second substrate oppositely arranged, and an antenna structure arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate Dielectric adjustable dielectric layer;
  • the first substrate includes a first base, and a first radiation phase shifting unit and a second radiation phase shifting unit disposed on a side of the first base close to the dielectrically adjustable medium layer and insulated from each other;
  • the second substrate includes a second base, and a third radiation phase shifting unit and a fourth radiation phase shifting unit disposed on a side of the second base close to the dielectrically adjustable medium layer and insulated from each other;
  • the orthographic projection of the first radiation phase shifting unit and the third radiation phase shifting unit on the first substrate at least partially overlaps; the second radiation phase shifting unit overlaps with the fourth radiation phase shifting unit orthographic projections on said first substrate are at least partially overlapping;
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit and the extending direction of the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit have a first angle; the extending direction of the radiation area of the third radiation phase shifting unit and The extending direction of the radiation area of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit has a second included angle; the angle of the first included angle is equal to the angle of the second included angle.
  • each of the first radiation phase shifting unit, the second radiation phase shifting unit, the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit includes a radiation portion and A reflective phase-shifting part connected to the radiating part;
  • Orthographic projections of the reflection phase shifting part of the first radiation phase shifting unit and the reflection phase shifting part of the third radiation phase shifting unit on the first substrate at least partially overlap, and the first radiation phase shifting unit
  • the orthographic projection of the radiation part and the radiation part of the third radiation phase shifting unit on the first substrate at least partially overlaps; the reflection phase shifting part of the second radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit
  • Orthographic projections of the reflective phase-shifting unit on the first substrate at least partially overlap, and the radiation portion of the second radiation phase-shifting unit and the radiation portion of the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit on the first substrate
  • the orthographic projections overlap at least partially.
  • the radiating parts of the first radiation phase-shifting unit and the second radiation phase-shifting unit are patch structures; the radiation parts of the third radiation phase-shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit All parts are patch structures; wherein, the patch structure of the first radiation phase shifting unit includes a first radiation area, and the orthographic projection of the first radiation area on the first substrate is located at the third radiation phase shifting The patch structure of the phase unit is in the orthographic projection on the first substrate; the patch structure of the second radiation phase shifting unit includes a second radiation area, and the second radiation area is on the second substrate The orthographic projection is located within the orthographic projection of the patch structure of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit on the second substrate.
  • the radiation portion of each of the first radiation phase shifting unit, the second radiation phase shifting unit, the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit is a dipole substructure.
  • the radiating portion of each of the first radiation phase-shifting unit, the second radiation phase-shifting unit, the third radiation phase-shifting unit, and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit includes A first sub-radiation part and a second sub-radiation part, the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part form a dipole structure; wherein, the first sub-radiation and the second sub-radiation There is a first distance between the sub-radiation parts, the extension direction of the first sub-radiation part is the same as the extension direction of a second sub-radiation part, and the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part are both One end of the reflective phase shifting part of the associated radiation phase shifting unit is connected.
  • the radiating portion of each of the first radiation phase-shifting unit, the second radiation phase-shifting unit, the third radiation phase-shifting unit, and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit is The reflection phase-shifting part is coupled and connected, and the radiation part is arranged in layers with the reflection phase-shifting part; the radiation part has a slit, and the area where the slit is located defines the radiation area; wherein, one of the The orthographic projection of the slit on the radiation part on the first substrate partly overlaps the orthographic projection of the reflection phase shifting part of the radiation phase shifting unit to which the radiation part belongs on the first substrate.
  • the radiation part For any one of the first radiation phase shifting unit, the second radiation phase shifting unit, the third radiation phase shifting unit, and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit, the radiation part
  • the extension direction of the radiation area and the extension direction of the reflection phase shifting part have a third angle.
  • both the first included angle and the second included angle are 90°, and/or, the third included angle is 90°.
  • the reflection phase shifting of each of the first radiation phase shifting unit, the second radiation phase shifting unit, the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit The part is connected to the midpoint of the radiating part in the extending direction of the radiating part.
  • it further includes: a reflective layer disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the dielectrically adjustable medium layer.
  • the present disclosure provides an array antenna, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned antenna structures.
  • the plurality of antenna structures are arranged in an array; the first substrates of the plurality of antenna structures are integrally arranged, and the second substrates of the plurality of antenna structures are integrally arranged.
  • the array antenna further includes a first control unit, a second control unit, a plurality of first signal lines, a plurality of second signal lines, a plurality of third signal lines, and a plurality of fourth signal lines; wherein , the first end of each of the plurality of first signal lines is connected to a port of the first control unit, and the second end is connected to a first radiation phase shifting unit; among the plurality of second signal lines The first end of each line is connected to a port of the second control unit, and the second end is connected to a second radiation phase shifting unit; the first end of each of the plurality of third signal lines is connected to the first A port of the control unit, the second end is connected to a third radiation phase-shifting unit; the first end of each of the plurality of fourth signal lines is connected to a port of the second control unit, and the second end is connected to a A fourth radiation phase-shifting unit; wherein, each port of the first control unit independently provides a bias voltage, and each port of the second control unit independently provides a bias voltage
  • the present disclosure provides an electronic device, which includes at least one of the aforementioned antenna structures, and/or, the aforementioned array antenna.
  • a transceiver unit for sending or receiving signals
  • a radio frequency transceiver connected to the transceiver unit, used to modulate the signal sent by the transceiver unit, or to demodulate the signal received by the antenna and transmit it to the transceiver unit;
  • a signal amplifier connected to the radio frequency transceiver, for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna;
  • a power amplifier connected to the radio frequency transceiver, for amplifying the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver or the signal received by the antenna;
  • the filtering unit is connected to both the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, and is connected to the antenna, and is used to filter the received signal and send it to the antenna, or filter the signal received by the antenna.
  • the third radiation phase shifting unit and the extension direction of the radiation area of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit have a second included angle, and the angle of the first included angle is equal to the angle of the second included angle, so the second included angle
  • One radiation phase shifting unit and the third radiation phase shifting unit are responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of radiation signals in one polarization direction, and the second radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit are correspondingly responsible for the other polarization direction Coupling, phase shifting and radiation of the radiation signal on, and, since the first radiation phase shifting unit and the second radiation phase shifting unit are arranged on one side of the dielectric adjustable medium layer, the third radiation phase shifting unit, the fourth radiation phase shifting unit The phase shifting unit is arranged on the other side of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer can be controlled, so that the two The radiation signal in the polarization direction applies a phase shifting effect from 0 to 360 degrees, so that the radiation signals in the two polarization directions are superimposed to generate radiation signals with multiple polarization modes, that is, to realize the multi-polarization mode reconfigurable.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary antenna structure provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is an exemplary cross-sectional view (in the Z direction) of the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of an exemplary planar structure of the first substrate side of the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of an exemplary planar structure of the second substrate side of the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary planar structure of the array antenna provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is another exemplary schematic plan view of the first substrate side of the antenna structure of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is another exemplary schematic plan view of the first substrate side of the antenna structure of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of various radiation phase shifting units of the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary electronic device provided by the present disclosure.
  • the two structures "set in the same layer” means that the two structures are formed by the same material layer, so they are in the same layer in the layered relationship, but it does not mean that they are connected to the substrate. The same distance does not mean that they are exactly the same as other layer structures between the substrates.
  • first direction X, the second direction Y and the third direction Z intersect each other.
  • first direction X and the second direction Y form a plane, and the formed The two planes are perpendicular to each other, and the third direction Z is perpendicular to the formed plane as an example for illustration.
  • the technical solution adopted to solve the technical problems of the present disclosure is an antenna structure, which includes a first substrate and a second substrate oppositely arranged, and a dielectrically adjustable substrate arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate. medium layer.
  • the first substrate includes a first substrate and a first radiation phase shifting unit and a second radiation phase shifting unit disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the dielectrically adjustable medium layer, and the first radiation phase shifting unit and the second radiation phase shifting unit
  • the two radiation phase shifting units are insulated.
  • the second substrate includes a second base and a third radiation phase shifting unit and a fourth radiation phase shifting unit arranged on a side of the second base close to the dielectric adjustable medium layer, and the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit Phase unit insulation set.
  • the orthographic projections of the first radiation phase-shifting unit and the third radiation phase-shifting unit overlap at least partially on the first substrate, and if bias voltages are respectively applied to the first radiation phase-shifting unit and the third radiation phase-shifting unit, they can be independently controlled
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer between the first radiation phase-shifting unit and the third radiation phase-shifting unit can be phase-shifted when the radiation signal propagates in this part of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer; the second The orthographic projections of the radiation phase-shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit overlap at least partially on the first substrate.
  • the second radiation phase-shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit can be independently controlled.
  • the dielectric constant of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer between the second radiation phase-shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit can be phase-shifted when the radiation signal propagates in this part of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer.
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit and the extending direction of the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit have a first angle
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit The extension direction of the radiation area has a second included angle
  • the angle of the first included angle is equal to the angle of the second included angle, so that the first radiation phase-shifting unit and the third radiation phase-shifting unit are correspondingly responsible for the radiation in one polarization direction
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit are respectively responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of radiation signals in another polarization direction.
  • the dielectrically adjustable dielectric layer can be filled with any substance whose dielectric constant can be adjusted under the drive of an electric field, such as liquid crystal molecules, ferroelectrics, etc.
  • the dielectrically adjustable dielectric layer is used below
  • the formation of filled liquid crystal molecules, that is, the dielectrically adjustable medium layer is a liquid crystal layer is taken as an example for illustration, but does not constitute a limitation to the present disclosure.
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit and the extending direction of the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit have a first angle
  • the extension of the radiation area of the third radiation phase shifting unit direction and the extension direction of the radiation area of the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit have a second included angle
  • the angle of the first included angle is equal to the angle of the second included angle
  • the first radiation phase-shifting unit, the third radiation phase-shifting unit Correspondingly responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of radiation signals in one polarization direction
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit are correspondingly responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of radiation signals in another polarization direction
  • the first radiation phase shifting unit and the second radiation phase shifting unit are arranged on one side of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer
  • the third radiation phase shifting unit and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit are arranged on one side of the dielectrically adjustable medium layer On the other side, therefore, if bias voltages
  • the radiation signal in the polarization direction applies a phase shifting effect from 0 to 360 degrees, so that the radiation signals in the two polarization directions are superimposed to generate radiation signals with multiple polarization modes, that is, to realize the possibility of multiple polarization modes. refactor.
  • the multiple polarization modes of the above radiation signals include but are not limited to: linear polarization, circular polarization and elliptical polarization, wherein linear polarization includes horizontal polarization and vertical polarization, and circular polarization includes Left-handed circular polarization and right-handed circular polarization.
  • the polarization characteristics of the antenna structure are defined by the spatial orientation of the electric field intensity vector of the radiation signal received or transmitted by the radiation area in the maximum radiation direction, and different polarization modes are divided by the trajectory of the electric field intensity vector vector end.
  • Circular polarization can be obtained when the horizontal and vertical components of the electric field have equal amplitudes and a phase difference of 90° or 270°.
  • the polarization plane rotates with time and has a right-handed relationship with the electromagnetic wave propagation direction, it is called right-handed circular polarization; otherwise, if it forms a left-handed relationship, it is called left-handed circular polarization.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure provided by the present disclosure
  • Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a cross-sectional plane of an antenna structure provided by the present disclosure in the vertical direction (ie, the third direction Z)
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first substrate of an antenna structure provided by the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second substrate of an antenna structure provided by the present disclosure, wherein, in order to facilitate the representation of the film layer structure of the antenna structure , the second base and the reflective layer of the second substrate in FIG. 1 are treated with translucency, but this does not limit the material and light transmittance thereof.
  • the antenna structure includes a first substrate 1 and a second substrate 2 oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer 3 arranged between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 .
  • the first substrate 1 includes a first base 11 and a first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and a second radiation phase shifting unit 13 arranged on a side of the first base 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 3, and the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the second radiation phase shifting unit 13
  • the two radiation phase shifting units 13 are insulated.
  • the second substrate 2 includes a second substrate 21 and a third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and a fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 arranged on the side of the second substrate 21 close to the liquid crystal layer 3, and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23
  • the four-radiation phase shifting unit 23 is insulated.
  • the orthographic projections overlap at least partially.
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the extending direction of the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 have a first angle
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the phase shifting unit 23 has a second included angle, and the angle of the first included angle is equal to the angle of the second included angle.
  • the included angles are equal, and the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 overlaps with the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22, and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 overlaps with the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit 23. Therefore, it can be known that the first radiation phase-shifting unit
  • the extension directions of the radiation areas of the phase unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 are consistent, and the two are responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of the radiation signal in the first polarization direction of the space radiation signal, and the second radiation phase shifting unit 13.
  • the extension direction of the radiation area of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 is consistent, and the two are responsible for the coupling, phase shifting and radiation of the radiation signal in the second polarization direction of the space radiation signal, wherein the first polarization direction and The specific direction of the second polarization direction is related to the angle of the first included angle (and the second included angle).
  • the first included angle and the second included angle are both 90°.
  • the extension direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 are perpendicular to each other, the extension direction of the radiation area of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the radiation of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23
  • the extension directions of the regions are perpendicular to each other, which makes the linearly polarized radiation signals generated on the radiation regions of the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 and the radiation region of the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22, and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 22.
  • the linearly polarized radiation signals generated by the four-radiation phase-shifting unit 23 are orthogonal to each other.
  • each of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 includes a radiation part and a radiation part connected to The reflection phase shifting part, and the radiation part is connected to one end of the reflection phase shifting part.
  • the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 includes a radiation part 12a and a reflection phase shifting part connected to the radiation part 12a 12b;
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 includes a radiation part 13a and a reflection phase shifting part 13b connected with the radiation part 13a; refer to Fig.
  • the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 includes a radiation part 22a and a radiation part 22a
  • the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 includes a radiation unit 23a and a reflection phase shifting unit 23b connected to the radiation unit 23a.
  • the orthographic projections of the reflection phase shifting part 12b of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the reflection phase shifting part 22b of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 on the first substrate 11 at least partially overlap, and the radiation part of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 12a and the orthographic projection of the radiation part 22a of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 on the first substrate 11 at least partially overlap;
  • the orthographic projections of the phase portion 23b on the first substrate 11 at least partially overlap, and the orthographic projections of the radiation portion 13a of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the radiation portion 23a of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 on the first substrate 11 are at least partially overlapping.
  • the working principle of the antenna structure is described below: the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the liquid crystal layer 3 are located in the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22
  • the part between forms a radiation phase shifter, and the first bias voltage V1 is applied to the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, and the third bias voltage V3 is applied to the third radiation phase shifting unit 22, so that the first radiation phase shifting
  • the electric field between the unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 can change the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 in the area where the two are located, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 3 in this part of the area, and the radiation signal is different
  • the degrees of phase shift in media with different dielectric constants are different, so by controlling the first bias voltage V1 and the third bias voltage V3 , a phase shift amount corresponding to 0 degree to 360 degrees can be applied to the radiation signal.
  • the radiation signal of the first polarization direction corresponding to the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 is incident on the radiation part 12a of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the radiation of the third phase shifting unit 22 After part 22a, propagate along the extension direction (such as the second direction Y in the figure) of the reflection phase shifting part 12b of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the reflection phase shifting part 22b of the third phase shifting unit 22, and when the radiation signal reaches the first
  • the reflection phase shifting part 12b of a radiation phase shifting unit 12 is away from the end of its radiation part 12a (it is also the end of the reflection phase shifting part 22b of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 away from its radiation part 22a)
  • the radiation signal in the first polarization direction propagates between the liquid crystal layer 3 in the area defined by the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22, because the liquid crystal in this area
  • the liquid crystal molecules in layer 3 are deflecte
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 and the part of the liquid crystal layer 3 between the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 form another radiation phase shifter , and apply the second bias voltage V2 to the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, and apply the fourth bias voltage V4 to the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23, so that the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23
  • the electric field between them can change the deflection angle of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 in the area where the two are located, thereby changing the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 3 in this part of the area, and the phase shift degree of the radiation signal in the medium with different dielectric constants Different, therefore, by controlling the second bias voltage V2 and the fourth bias voltage V4, a phase shift corresponding to 0 degree to 360 degrees can be applied to the radiation signal.
  • the radiation signal of the second polarization direction corresponding to the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 is incident on the radiation part 13a of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 After the radiation part 23a, it propagates along the extension direction (such as the second direction X in the figure) of the reflection phase shifting part 13b of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the reflection phase shifting part 23b of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23, and the radiation signal
  • the radiation signal in the second polarization direction propagates between the liquid crystal layer 3 in the area defined by the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23, because this area The liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 are deflected under the
  • the first angle and the second angle are 90°, in other words, the radiation area of the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 and the radiation area of the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 are arranged perpendicular to each other, the third radiation
  • the radiation area of the phase shifting unit 22 and the radiation area of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 are arranged in a manner perpendicular to each other, therefore, the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal are orthogonal to each other, and pass through the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal layer 3
  • the deflection angle of the molecule modulates the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal, so that the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal have a certain phase difference, so the first linearly polarized radiation signal After being superimposed with the second linearly polarized radiation signal, radiation signals with different polarization modes can be generated.
  • the first linearly polarized radiation signal when the phase difference between the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal is +90 degrees, the first linearly polarized radiation signal When the phase difference between the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal is -90 degrees, the first linearly polarized The radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal are superimposed to generate a left-handed circularly polarized radiation signal; when the phase difference between the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal is 0 degrees, the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal The second linearly polarized radiation signals are superimposed to generate a linearly polarized radiation signal.
  • the above-mentioned circularly polarized radiation signal includes a perfect circularly polarized radiation signal and an elliptical polarized radiation signal; when the axial ratio of the circularly polarized radiation signal is 1, it is a perfectly circularly polarized radiation signal; When the axial ratio of the polarized radiation signal is greater than 1, it is an elliptically polarized radiation signal.
  • the phase difference between the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal is not ⁇ 90 degrees and not 0 degrees, the two are superimposed to generate an elliptical polarized wave.
  • the phase difference between the first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal can be controlled, and various Radiation signals in polarization mode, that is, reconfigurable in multiple polarization modes.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of an array antenna to which the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure is applied.
  • the radiation signals of different polarization directions generated by each antenna structure in multiple antenna structures are superimposed , can realize beam scanning under fixed polarization, in other words, realize beam steering, deflection, etc., and the use of liquid crystal layer for phase modulation can realize continuous regulation by changing the bias voltage, so it has high resolution in beam scanning Rate.
  • the radiation part and the reflective phase shifting part of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units can adopt various structures, as long as the two radiation phase shifting units superimposed on the upper side and the lower side of the liquid crystal layer 3
  • the radiation phase shifter and the liquid crystal layer 3 between them can be combined to form a reflection phase shifter.
  • the reflection phase shifter can realize: after the radiation signal enters the radiation area, the reflection phase shifter approaches the radiation area (that is, approaches When one end of the radiation part) propagates to the end far away from the radiation area, it is reflected back to the radiation area and then radiated out.
  • the radiation part and the reflective phase shifting part of a radiation phase shifting unit can be arranged on the same layer, and the radiation signal is transmitted by means of electrical connection; the radiation part of a radiation phase shifting unit
  • the reflection and phase-shifting parts can also be arranged in layers (that is, arranged in different layers), and the radiation signal is transmitted in a coupled connection manner, which will be described in detail with an example below.
  • the radiation portion 12a of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the radiation portion 13a of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 are both patch structures, that is, made of sheet metal, and the metal There is no slit on the upper surface.
  • the patch structure (that is, the radiation part) of a radiation phase shifting unit (including any one of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units) itself is on the positive side of the first substrate 11.
  • the area defined by the projection is the radiation area of the radiation phase-shifting unit; similarly, the radiation part 22a of the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and the radiation part 23a of the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit 23 are patch structures, namely It is made of sheet metal, and there is no slit on the metal.
  • the patch structure (that is, the radiation part) of a radiation phase shifting unit (including any one of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units) itself
  • the area defined by the orthographic projection on the second substrate 21 is the radiation area of the radiation phase shifting unit.
  • the patch structure of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 (that is, the radiation portion 12a) includes a first radiation area, and the orthographic projection of the first radiation area on the first substrate 11 is located at the patch of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22
  • the patch structure (that is, the radiation portion 13a) of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 includes a second radiation area, and the second radiation area is on the second base 21
  • the orthographic projection on is located within the orthographic projection of the patch structure of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 (ie, the radiation portion 23 a ) on the second substrate 21 .
  • the reflective phase shifting part of a radiation phase shifting unit (including any one of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units) is arranged on the same layer as the patch structure (ie, the radiation part) and is directly electrically connected.
  • the reflective phase shifting part of a radiation phase shifting unit is integrally formed with the patch structure (ie, the radiation part).
  • each radiation phase-shifting unit in the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12, the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13, the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit 23 is a dipole structure
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first substrate in the embodiment in which the radiating part is a dipole structure, and the third and third substrates on the second substrate
  • the fourth radiation phase shifting unit may adopt the same configuration, which will not be repeated here.
  • each radiation phase shifting unit in the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 includes a first sub-radiating part and A second sub-radiation part, the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part form a planar dipole structure.
  • the extension direction of the first sub-radiation part is the same as the extension direction of a second sub-radiation part
  • both the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part are connected to one end of the reflection phase-shifting part of the radiation phase-shifting unit to which the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part belong.
  • the extension direction of the first sub-radiation part and the extension direction of the second sub-radiation part are the first direction X.
  • the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation part are along the Arranged at intervals on the same horizontal line, the orthographic projection of the first sub-radiation part and the second sub-radiation itself on the first substrate 11 of a radiation phase shifting unit (including any one of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units) defines The area is the radiation area of the radiation phase shifting unit.
  • the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 includes a radiation part 12a and a reflection phase-shifting part 12b connected to the radiation part 12a, wherein the radiation part 12a includes a first sub-radiation part 12a1 and a second sub-radiation part 12a1 which are disconnected.
  • Two sub-radiating parts 12a2, the first sub-radiating part 12a1 and the second sub-radiating part 12a2 have a first distance d1, and the extending direction of the first sub-radiating part 12a1 and the extending direction of the second sub-radiating part 12a2 are both the first direction X, the first sub-radiation part 12a1 and the second sub-radiation part 12a2 are connected to the same end of the reflective phase-shifting part 12b, and the orthographic projections of the first sub-radiation part 12a1 and the second sub-radiation part 12a2 on the first substrate 1 define The radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, wherein the first distance d1 is in the extension direction of the first radiation part 12a1 (for example, the first direction X in FIG.
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 includes a radiation part 13a and a reflective phase shifting part 13b connected to the radiation part 13a, wherein the radiation part 13a includes a first sub-radiation part 13a1 and a second sub-radiation part 13a2 arranged separately,
  • the first sub-radiating portion 13a1 and the second sub-radiating portion 13a2 have a first distance, and the extension direction of the first sub-radiating portion 13a1 and the extending direction of the second sub-radiating portion 13a2 are both the second direction Y, the first sub-radiating portion 13a1 and the second sub-radiating part 13a2 are connected to the same end of the reflective phase-shifting part 13b, and the orthographic projection of the first sub-radiating part 13a1 and the second sub-radi
  • the radiation part and the reflection shift of each radiation phase shifting unit in the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 , the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 , the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 The phase part can also be coupled and connected.
  • the radiation part and the reflective phase shifting part can be arranged in layers. Referring to Fig. 7, Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the first substrate in an embodiment in which the radiation part and the reflective phase shifting part of the radiation phase shifting unit are coupled and connected, and the third and fourth radiation phase shifting units on the second substrate can be The same settings are adopted, and will not be repeated here.
  • the orthographic projection of the slit on a radiation part on the first substrate 11 is the same as
  • the orthographic projection of the reflection phase shifting part of the radiation phase shifting unit to which the radiation part belongs overlaps partially on the first substrate 11 , so that the reflection phase shifting part and the radiation part can transmit radiation signals by means of slot coupling.
  • the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 includes a radiation part 12a and a reflection phase shifting part 12b connected to the radiation part 12a, wherein the radiation part 12a has a slit K1, and the reflection phase shifting part 12b is on the second
  • An orthographic projection on a substrate 11 at least partially overlaps an orthographic projection of the slit K1 on the first substrate 11 , and the orthographic projection of the slit K1 on the first substrate 11 defines the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 .
  • the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 includes a radiation part 13a and a reflection phase shifting part 13b connected to the radiation part 13a, wherein the radiation part 13a has a slit K2, and the reflection phase shifting part 13b is on the positive side of the first substrate 11
  • the projection at least partially overlaps the orthographic projection of the slit K2 on the first substrate 11 , and the orthographic projection of the slit K1 on the first substrate 11 defines the radiation area of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 .
  • the structures of the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit 23 can adopt the same implementation manner as that of the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12, which will not be repeated here.
  • the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units can also adopt more implementation directions, such as adopting a microstrip line structure, which is not limited here.
  • FIG. 8 shows the arrangement of multiple radiation phase-shifting units on the same layer.
  • the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 on the first substrate 11 can be Using various arrangements, the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase-shifting unit 23 on the second substrate 21 can adopt various arrangements, as long as the radiation area of the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 is guaranteed
  • the first included angle between the extending direction of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the extending direction of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, and the second included angle between the extending direction of the radiation area of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the extending direction of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 Consistently, in the embodiment where the above-mentioned first linearly polarized radiation signal and the second linearly polarized radiation signal are required to be orthogonal, it is necessary to ensure that the extension direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 The first angle between the extending direction of the third
  • the extending direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 is the first direction X
  • the extension direction of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 is the second direction Y
  • the first direction X and the second direction Y are perpendicular to each other
  • the extension direction of the radiation area of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 is the fourth direction S1
  • the extension direction of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 is the fifth direction S2
  • the fourth direction S1 and the fifth direction S2 are mutually vertical.
  • the structures of the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 may adopt the same implementation manner as that of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the radiation phase shifting The extension direction of the radiation area of the radiation part of the unit has a third angle with the extension direction of the reflection phase shifting part of the radiation phase shifting unit, that is to say, the extension direction of the reflection phase shifting part of the same radiation phase shifting unit and the radiation part
  • the extension direction is different, and the angle range of the third included angle is between (0,90] degree.
  • the extension direction (for example, the second direction Y) of the reflective phase shifting part 12b is perpendicular to the radiation part 12a (for example, the first direction X) of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, that is, the third included angle is 90°; in FIG. 8
  • the extension direction (such as the sixth direction S3) of the reflective phase shifting part 12b of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 is the same as that of the radiation part 12a (such as the fourth direction S3) of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12. S1) intersect, and the third included angle is less than 90°.
  • the arrangement of the reflective phase-shifting parts can be in various ways, and can also be arranged in multi-stage, arranged as periodic or non-periodic patterns Etc., in order to realize saving space or realize various functions such as delay line, do not limit here.
  • the structure of the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, the 3rd radiation phase shifting unit 22, the 4th radiation phase shifting unit 23 can be with the first
  • the radiation phase shifting unit 12 adopts the same implementation manner, which will not be repeated here.
  • the reflection phase shifting part of each radiation phase shifting unit in the first radiation phase shifting unit 12, the second radiation phase shifting unit 13, the third radiation phase shifting unit 22, and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 may be Connected to the midpoint of the radiation part of the radiation phase shifting unit in the extending direction of the radiation part.
  • the patterns of the first radiation phase-shifting unit 12 and the second radiation phase-shifting unit 13 arranged on the first substrate 11 can be compared with the patterns of the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and the third radiation phase-shifting unit 22 and
  • the graphics of the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 23 are inconsistent, as long as the orthographic projections of the first radiation phase shifting unit 12 and the third radiation phase shifting unit 22 on the first substrate 11 at least partially overlap, the second radiation phase shifting unit 13 and the fourth radiation phase shifting unit 13 It is sufficient that the orthographic projections of the radiation phase shifting unit 23 on the first substrate 11 are at least partially overlapped.
  • the antenna structure provided by the present disclosure further includes: a reflective layer 24 , the reflective layer 24 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 21 away from the liquid crystal layer 3 , and the reflective layer 24 is on the second substrate 21
  • the orthographic projection on the second substrate 21 covers the orthographic projections of the first to fourth radiating units on the second substrate 21, and the reflective layer 24 is used to reflect the radiation signals radiated by the first to fourth radiating units toward the second substrate 21 to a direction away from the first substrate 21.
  • the direction of the two substrates 21 is used to increase the radiation efficiency of the antenna structure.
  • the reflective layer 24 can be formed with metal on the entire surface, or can be formed with a periodic pattern to form an electromagnetic band gap (Electromagnetic Band Gap, EBG) structure, which is not limited here.
  • EBG Electromagnetic Band Gap
  • the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 can use glass substrates with a thickness of 100-1000 microns, sapphire substrates, ceramic substrates, etc., or polycarbonate substrates with a thickness of 10-500 microns. Ethylene terephthalate substrate, triallyl cyanurate substrate and polyimide transparent flexible substrate.
  • the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 can be made of high-purity quartz glass with extremely low dielectric loss. Compared with ordinary glass substrates, the use of quartz glass for the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 21 can effectively reduce the loss of microwaves, so that the phase shifter has low power consumption and high signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the materials of any one of the radiation part, the phase shifting reflection part and the reflection layer of the first to fourth radiation phase shifting units can be made of metals such as aluminum, silver, gold, chromium, molybdenum, nickel or iron. It can also be made of non-metallic conductive materials.
  • the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 3 are positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules.
  • the included angle between the second electrodes is greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 45 degrees.
  • the angle between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules and the second electrode in the specific embodiment of the present invention is greater than 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees, which ensures that after the liquid crystal molecules are deflected, the medium of the liquid crystal layer 3 is changed. Electric constant, in order to achieve the purpose of phase shifting.
  • the present disclosure provides an array antenna, which includes a plurality of the above-mentioned antenna structures.
  • a plurality of antenna structures are arranged in an array; the first substrates 11 of the plurality of antenna structures are integrally arranged, and the second substrates 21 of the plurality of antenna structures (not shown in FIG. 5 ) are integrally arranged, and reflective layers 24 (not shown in FIG. 5 ) of multiple antenna structures are integrally arranged.
  • the array antenna further includes a first control unit CON1, a second control unit CON2, a plurality of first signal lines 01, a plurality of second signal lines 02, and a plurality of third signal lines (Fig. 5) and a plurality of fourth signal lines (not shown in FIG. 5).
  • a first control unit CON1 a second control unit CON2
  • a plurality of first signal lines 01 a plurality of second signal lines 02
  • a plurality of third signal lines Fig. 5
  • fourth signal lines not shown in FIG. 5
  • the first control unit CON1 and the second control unit CON2 have multiple ports, and each port can independently output a bias voltage.
  • the first end of each first signal line 01 among the plurality of first signal lines 01 is connected to a port of the first control unit CON1, and the second end of the first signal line 01 is connected to a first radiation phase shifting unit 12, Different first signal lines 01 are connected to ports of different first radiation phase shifting units 12 and different first control units CON1; the first end of each second signal line 02 in the plurality of second signal lines 02 is connected to the first end of the second signal line 02 A port of the second control unit CON2, the second end of the second signal line 02 is connected to a second radiation phase-shifting unit 13, and different second signal lines 02 are connected to different second radiation phase-shifting units 13 and different second radiation phase-shifting units 13
  • the port of the control unit CON2; the first end of each third signal line in the plurality of third signal lines is connected to a port of the first control unit CON1, and the second end of the third signal line is connected to a third radiation phase shift
  • the array antenna provided by the present disclosure is an air-fed array antenna, which does not require complex receiving/transmitting feed modules, and the arrangement of the antenna structure, the arrangement of the signal lines, and the driving method of the array antenna are relatively flexible, and the manufacturing process is relatively simple. .
  • At least one of the first control unit CON1 and the second control unit CON2 of the array antenna provided in the present disclosure may use a programmable logic array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) circuit board.
  • a programmable logic array Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA
  • the present disclosure provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes at least one of the foregoing antenna structures, and/or, the foregoing array antenna.
  • the electronic device further includes a transceiver unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filter unit.
  • the transceiver unit may include a baseband and a receiving end.
  • the baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, such as 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and sends the signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver.
  • the receiving end can be a smart gateway, for example.
  • the radio frequency transceiver is connected with the transceiver unit, and is used for modulating the signal sent by the transceiver unit, or for demodulating the signal received by the antenna structure and then transmitting it to the transceiver unit.
  • the radio frequency transceiver may include a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulating circuit, and a demodulating circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives various types of signals provided by the substrate, the modulating circuit may modulate the various types of signals provided by the baseband, and then sent to the antenna structure.
  • the antenna structure receives the signal and transmits it to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver, the receiving circuit transmits the signal to the demodulation circuit, and the demodulation circuit demodulates the signal and then transmits it to the receiving end.
  • the radio frequency transceiver is connected to a signal amplifier and a power amplifier, and the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected to a filtering unit, and the filtering unit is connected to at least one antenna structure.
  • the signal amplifier is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the filter unit;
  • the power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmitted to the filter unit;
  • the filter unit may include a duplexer and a filter circuit. The filter unit combines the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, filters out clutter, and then transmits the signal to the antenna structure.
  • the antenna structure radiates the signal.
  • the antenna structure receives the signal and transmits it to the filter unit.
  • the filter unit filters the signal received by the antenna structure and then transmits it to the signal amplifier and power amplifier.
  • the signal amplifier receives the signal received by the antenna structure. Perform gain to increase the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal; the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signal received by the antenna structure.
  • the signal received by the antenna structure is processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the radio frequency transceiver, and then the radio frequency transceiver transmits it to the transceiver unit.
  • the signal amplifier may include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low noise amplifier, which is not limited here.
  • the electronic device provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, which is connected to a power amplifier and provides the power amplifier with a voltage for amplifying signals.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备，属于通信技术领域。本公开提供的天线结构包括相对设置的第一基板、第二基板和介电可调介质层；第一基板包括第一基底和设置在第一基底的一侧的第一辐射移相单元和第二辐射移相单元；第二基板包括第二基底和设置在第二基底的一侧的第三辐射移相单元和第四辐射移相单元；其中，第一辐射移相单元与第三辐射移相单元在第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；第二辐射移相单元与第四辐射移相单元在第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；第一辐射移相单元的辐射区域和第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角；第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域和第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角。

Description

天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备 技术领域
本公开属于通信技术领域，具体涉及一种天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备。
背景技术
可重构天线可以在不改变天线物理结构和口径的前提下实现辐射特性的独立可调，这种功能上的多样性使得可重构天线不仅能够适应如今无线通信系统对信道、速率的要求，并且能很大程度上降低天线的数量和成本，在实际应用中有非常重要的价值。
发明内容
本公开旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一，提供一种天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备，能够实现多种极化方式的可重构，且结构简单易于制造。
第一方面，解决本公开技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种天线结构，其包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的介电可调介质层；
所述第一基板包括第一基底，和设置在所述第一基底靠近所述介电可调介质层的一侧且彼此绝缘设置的第一辐射移相单元和第二辐射移相单元；
所述第二基板包括第二基底，和设置在所述第二基底靠近所述介电可调介质层的一侧且彼此绝缘设置的第三辐射移相单元和第四辐射移相单元；
其中，所述第一辐射移相单元与所述第三辐射移相单元在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；所述第二辐射移相单元与所述第四辐射移相单元 在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；
所述第一辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角；所述第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角；所述第一夹角的角度与所述第二夹角的角度相等。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个均包括一个辐射部和一个与所述辐射部相连的反射移相部；其中，
所述第一辐射移相单元的反射移相部和所述第三辐射移相单元的反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，所述第一辐射移相单元的辐射部和所述第三辐射移相单元的辐射部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；所述第二辐射移相单元的反射移相部和所述第四辐射移相单元的反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射部和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元和所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射部均为贴片结构；所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射部均为贴片结构；其中，所述第一辐射移相单元的贴片结构包括第一辐射区域，所述第一辐射区域在所述第一基底上的正投影位于所述第三辐射移相单元的贴片结构在所述第一基底上的正投影内；所述第二辐射移相单元的贴片结构包括第二辐射区域，所述第二辐射区域在所述第二基底上的正投影位于所述第四辐射移相单元的贴片结构在所述第二基底上的正投影内。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的辐射部为偶极子结构。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述辐射部包括一个第一子辐射部和一个第二子辐射部，所述第一子辐射部和所述第二子辐射部形成偶极子结构；其中，所述第一子辐射和所述第二子辐射部之间具有第一间距，所述第一子辐射部的延伸方向和一个第二子辐射部的延伸方向相同，且所述第一子辐射部和所述第二子辐射部均与二者所属的辐射移相单元的所述反射移相部的一个端部连接。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述辐射部与所述反射移相部耦合连接，所述辐射部与所述反射移相部分层设置；所述辐射部上具有狭缝，所述狭缝所在区域限定出所述辐射区域；其中，一个所述辐射部上的狭缝在所述第一基底上的正投影，与该辐射部所属的辐射移相单元的所述反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影部分重叠。
在一些示例中，对于所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的任一个，所述辐射部的辐射区域的延伸方向与所述反射移相部的延伸方向具有第三夹角。
在一些示例中，所述第一夹角和所述第二夹角均为90°，和/或，所述第三夹角为90°。
在一些示例中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述反射移相部连接在所述辐射部在该辐射部的延伸方向上的中点。
在一些示例中，还包括：反射层，设置在所述第二基底背离所述介电可调介质层的一侧。
第二方面，本公开提供一种阵列天线，其包括多个上述天线结构。
在一些示例中，多个所述天线结构阵列排布；多个所述天线结构的第一 基底一体设置，且多个所述天线结构的第二基底一体设置。
在一些示例中，所述阵列天线还包括第一控制单元、第二控制单元、多条第一信号线、多条第二信号线、多条第三信号线和多条第四信号线；其中，多条所述第一信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第一控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第一辐射移相单元；多条所述第二信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第二控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第二辐射移相单元；多条所述第三信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第一控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第三辐射移相单元；多条所述第四信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第二控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第四辐射移相单元；其中，所述第一控制单元的各个端口独立提供偏置电压，所述第二控制单元的各个端口独立提供偏置电压。
第三方面，本公开提供一种电子设备，其包括至少一个上述天线结构，和/或，上述阵列天线。
在一些示例中，还包括：
收发单元，用于发送信号或接收信号；
射频收发机，与所述收发单元相连，用于调制所述收发单元发送的信号，或用于解调所述天线接收的信号后传输给所述收发单元；
信号放大器，与所述射频收发机相连，用于提高所述射频收发机输出的信号或所述天线接收的信号的信噪比；
功率放大器，与所述射频收发机相连，用于放大所述射频收发机输出的信号或所述天线接收的信号的功率；
滤波单元，与所述信号放大器、所述功率放大器均相连，且与所述天线相连，用于将接收到的信号进行滤波后发送给所述天线，或对所述天线接收的信号滤波。
本公开提供的天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备，由于第一辐射移相单元 的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角，第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角，且第一夹角的角度与所述第二夹角的角度相等，因此第一辐射移相单元、第三辐射移相单元对应负责一个极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，第二辐射移相单元、第四辐射移相单元对应负责另一极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，并且，由于第一辐射移相单元、第二辐射移相单元设置在介电可调介质层的一侧，第三辐射移相单元、第四辐射移相单元设置在介电可调介质层的另一侧，因此，若在四个辐射移相单元上分别加载偏置电压，能够控制介电可调介质层的介电常数，从而对两个极化方向上的辐射信号施加0度至360度的移相作用，进而使得两个极化方向上的辐射信号相叠加而产生多种极化方式的辐射信号，即实现多种极化方式的可重构。
附图说明
图1为本公开提供的天线结构的一种示例性的结构示意图。
图2为本公开提供的天线结构的一种示例性的剖面图(Z方向上)。
图3为本公开提供的天线结构的第一基板侧的一种示例性的平面结构示意图。
图4为本公开提供的天线结构的第二基板侧的一种示例性的平面结构示意图。
图5为本公开提供的阵列天线的一种示例性的平面结构示意图。
图6为本公开的天线结构的第一基板侧的另一种示例性的平面结构示意图。
图7为本公开的天线结构的第一基板侧的另一种示例性的平面结构示意图。
图8为本公开提供的天线结构的多种辐射移相单元的排布方式的示意图。
图9为本公开提供的电子设备的一种示例性的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本公开的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本公开作进一步详细描述。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。同样，“一个”、“一”或者“该”等类似词语也不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
需要说明的是，在本公开中，两结构“同层设置”是指二者是由同一个材料层形成的，故它们在层叠关系上处于相同层中，但并不代表它们与基底间的距离相等，也不代表它们与基底间的其它层结构完全相同。
以下将参照附图更详细地描述本公开。在各个附图中，相同的元件采用类似的附图标记来表示。为了清楚起见，附图中的各个部分没有按比例绘制。此外，在图中可能未示出某些公知的部分。
需要说明的是，本公开中，第一方向X、第二方向Y和第三方向Z两两相交，在本公开中，以第一方向X和第二方向Y形成一个平面，且在形成的 平面二者互相垂直，第三方向Z垂直于形成的平面为例进行说明。
第一方面，解决本公开技术问题所采用的技术方案是一种天线结构，其包括相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在第一基板和第二基板之间的介电可调介质层。
具体地，第一基板包括第一基底和设置在第一基底靠近介电可调介质层的一侧的第一辐射移相单元和第二辐射移相单元，且第一辐射移相单元和第二辐射移相单元绝缘设置。第二基板包括第二基底和设置在第二基底靠近介电可调介质层的一侧的第三辐射移相单元和第四辐射移相单元，且第三辐射移相单元和第四辐射移相单元绝缘设置。
第一辐射移相单元与第三辐射移相单元在第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，若在第一辐射移相单元与第三辐射移相单元上分别施加偏置电压，可独立控制在第一辐射移相单元与第三辐射移相单元之间的介电可调介质层的介电常数，当辐射信号在这部分介电可调介质层中传播时能够被移相；第二辐射移相单元与第四辐射移相单元在第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，若在第二辐射移相单元与第四辐射移相单元上分别施加偏置电压，可独立控制在第二辐射移相单元与第四辐射移相单元之间的介电可调介质层的介电常数，当辐射信号在这部分介电可调介质层中传播时能够被移相。
第一辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角，第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角，第一夹角的角度与第二夹角的角度相等，从而第一辐射移相单元、第三辐射移相单元对应负责一个极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，第二辐射移相单元、第四辐射移相单元对应负责另一极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射。
需要说明的是，介电可调介质层可以填充任意在电场的驱动下介电常数可调的物质，例如：液晶分子、铁电体等，以下为了便于说明，皆以介电可 调介质层填充液晶分子形成，即介电可调介质层为液晶层为例进行说明，但不对本公开构成限制。
本公开提供的天线结构，由于第一辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角，第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角，且第一夹角的角度与第二夹角的角度相等，因此第一辐射移相单元、第三辐射移相单元对应负责一个极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，第二辐射移相单元、第四辐射移相单元对应负责另一极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，并且，由于第一辐射移相单元、第二辐射移相单元设置在介电可调介质层的一侧，第三辐射移相单元、第四辐射移相单元设置在介电可调介质层的另一侧，因此，若在第一至第四辐射移相单元上分别加载偏置电压，能够控制介电可调介质层的介电常数，从而通过控制偏置电压的大小能够对两个极化方向上的辐射信号施加0度至360度的移相作用，进而使得两个极化方向上的辐射信号相叠加而产生多种极化方式的辐射信号，即实现多种极化方式的可重构。
需要说明的是，上面的辐射信号的多种极化方式包括但不限于：线极化、圆极化和椭圆极化，其中，线极化包括水平极化和垂直极化，圆极化包括左旋圆极化和右旋圆极化。天线结构的极化特性是以辐射区域接收或发射的辐射信号在最大辐射方向上的电场强度矢量的空间取向来定义的，通过电场强度矢量矢端的运动轨迹划分不同的极化方式。当辐射信号的极化面与大地法线面之间的夹角从0～360°周期的变化，即电场大小不变，方向随时间变化，电场矢量末端的轨迹在垂直于传播方向的平面上投影是一个圆时，称为圆极化。在电场的水平分量和垂直分量振幅相等，相位相差90°或270°时，可以得到圆极化。圆极化，若极化面随时间旋转并与电磁波传播方向成右螺旋关系，称右旋圆极化；反之，若成左螺旋关系，称左旋圆极化。
下面结合附图对本公开实施例提供的天线结构进行详细的说明。
参见图1-图4，图1为本公开提供的一种天线结构的结构示意图，图2为本公开提供的一种天线结构在垂直方向(即第三方向Z)上的剖切面的结构示意图，图3为本公开提供的一种天线结构的第一基板的结构示意图，图4为本公开提供的一种天线结构的第二基板的结构示意图，其中，为了便于表示天线结构的膜层结构，图1中第二基板的第二基底和反射层采用半透明化处理，但这并不对其材料和透光性进行限制。该天线结构包括相对设置的第一基板1和第二基板2，以及设置在第一基板1和第二基板2之间的液晶层3。第一基板1包括第一基底11和设置在第一基底11靠近液晶层3的一侧的第一辐射移相单元12和第二辐射移相单元13，且第一辐射移相单元12和第二辐射移相单元13绝缘设置。第二基板2包括第二基底21和设置在第二基底21靠近液晶层3的一侧的第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23，且第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23绝缘设置。
第一辐射移相单元12与第三辐射移相单元22在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠；第二辐射移相单元13与第四辐射移相单元23在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠。第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向和第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角，第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角，第一夹角的角度与第二夹角的角度相等。
基于上述结构特性，在该天线结构中，由于位于液晶层3上侧的第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向(即图1-图4中的第一方向X)和第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域的延伸方向(即图1-图4中的第二方向Y)之间的第一夹角，与位于液晶层3下侧的第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向(即图1-图4中的第一方向X)和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射区域的延伸方向(即图1-图4中的第二方向Y)之间的第二夹角相等，且第一 辐射移相单元12与第三辐射移相单元22相交叠，第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23相交叠，因此，可以得知第一辐射移相单元12和第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向一致，二者对应负责空间辐射信号的第一极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，第二辐射移相单元13、第四辐射移相单元23的辐射区域的延伸方向一致，二者对应负责空间辐射信号的第二极化方向上的辐射信号的耦合、移相和辐射，其中，第一极化方向和第二极化方向的具体方向与第一夹角(以及第二夹角)的角度相关，以下为了便于说明，以第一夹角和第二夹角均为90°进行说明，也就是说，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域和第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域的延伸方向互相垂直，第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射区域的延伸方向互相垂直，这使得第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域和第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域上产生的线极化的辐射信号，与第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23上产生的线极化的辐射信号互相正交。
进一步地，第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的每个均包括一个辐射部和一个与辐射部相连的反射移相部，且辐射部连接在反射移相部的一个端部，具体地，参见图3，第一辐射移相单元12包括一个辐射部12a和一个与辐射部12a相连的反射移相部12b；第二辐射移相单元13包括一个辐射部13a和一个与辐射部13a相连的反射移相部13b；参加图4，第三辐射移相单元22包括一个辐射部22a和一个与辐射部22a相连的反射移相部22b；第四辐射移相单元23包括一个辐射部23a和一个与辐射部23a相连的反射移相部23b。第一辐射移相单元12的反射移相部12b和第三辐射移相单元22的反射移相部22b在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射部12a和第三辐射移相单元22的辐射部22a在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠；第二辐射移相单元13的反射移相部13b和第四辐射移相单元23的反射 移相部23b在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠，第二辐射移相单元13的辐射部13a和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射部23a在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠。
基于上述结构，以下对天线结构的工作原理进行说明：第一辐射移相单元12、第三辐射移相单元22和液晶层3中位于第一辐射移相单元12和第三辐射移相单元22之间的部分形成一个辐射移相器，且给第一辐射移相单元12施加第一偏置电压V1，给第三辐射移相单元22施加第三偏置电压V3，从而第一辐射移相单元12和第三辐射移相单元22之间的电场能够改变二者所在区域的液晶层3中液晶分子的偏转角度，从而改变这部分区域的液晶层3的介电常数，而辐射信号在不同介电常数的介质中的移相度不同，因此通过控制第一偏置电压V1和第三偏置电压V3能够给辐射信号施加对应0度至360度的移相量。空间辐射中对应第一辐射移相单元12和第三辐射移相单元22负责的第一极化方向的辐射信号入射第一辐射移相单元12的辐射部12a和第三移相单元22的辐射部22a后，沿第一辐射移相单元12的反射移相部12b和第三移相单元22的反射移相部22b的延伸方向(例如图中第二方向Y)传播，在辐射信号到达第一辐射移相单元12的反射移相部12b远离其辐射部12a的末端(同时也是第三辐射移相单元22的反射移相部22b远离其辐射部22a的末端)时被反射回辐射部12a，在这整个传播过程中，第一极化方向的辐射信号在第一辐射移相单元12和第三辐射移相单元22限定出的区域中的液晶层3之间传播，由于该区域的液晶层3中的液晶分子在第一偏置电压V1和第三偏置电压V3产生的电场下偏转，因此给第一极化方向的辐射信号施加对应的移相作用，使第一极化方向的辐射信号产生对应的移相量，从而产生第一线极化辐射信号。
同理，第二辐射移相单元13、第四辐射移相单元23和液晶层3中位于第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23之间的部分形成另一个辐射移 相器，且给第二辐射移相单元13施加第二偏置电压V2，给第四辐射移相单元23施加第四偏置电压V4，从而第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23之间的电场能够改变二者所在区域的液晶层3中液晶分子的偏转角度，从而改变这部分区域的液晶层3的介电常数，而辐射信号在不同介电常数的介质中的移相度不同，因此通过控制第二偏置电压V2和第四偏置电压V4能够给辐射信号施加对应0度至360度的移相量。空间辐射中对应第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23负责的第二极化方向的辐射信号入射第二辐射移相单元13的辐射部13a和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射部23a后，沿第二辐射移相单元13的反射移相部13b和第四辐射移相单元23的反射移相部23b的延伸方向(例如图中第二方向X)传播，在辐射信号到达第二辐射移相单元13的反射移相部13b远离其辐射部13a的末端(同时也是第四辐射移相单元23的反射移相部23b远离其辐射部23a的末端)时被反射回辐射部13a，在这整个传播过程中，第二极化方向的辐射信号在第二辐射移相单元13和第四辐射移相单元23限定出的区域中的液晶层3之间传播，由于该区域的液晶层3中的液晶分子在第二偏置电压V2和第四偏置电压V4产生的电场下偏转，因此给第二极化方向的辐射信号施加对应的移相作用，使第二极化方向的辐射信号产生对应的移相量，从而产生第二线极化辐射信号。
同理，由于第一夹角和第二夹角为90°，换言之，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域和第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域采用互相垂直的方式设置，第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射区域采用互相垂直的方式设置，因此，第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号正交，通过液晶层3中液晶分子的偏转角度对第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号进行调制，使得第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号具有一定相位差，因此第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相叠加后能够产生不同的极化方式的辐射信号，例如：当第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐 射信号相位差为+90度时，第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相叠加产生右旋圆极化的辐射信号；当第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相位差为-90度时，第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相叠加产生左旋圆极化的辐射信号；当第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相位差为0度时，第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相叠加产生线极化辐射信号。需要说明的是，上述的圆极化辐射信号包括正圆极化辐射信号和椭圆极化辐射信号；当圆极化辐射信号的轴比为1时，为正圆极化辐射信号；当圆极化辐射信号的轴比大于1时，为椭圆极化辐射信号。例如：当第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号的相位差不为±90度且不为0度时，二者相叠加产生椭圆极化波。根据上述原理，通过控制第一偏置电压V1-第四偏置电压V4的电压大小，从而可控制第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号的相位差，进而能够实现产生多种极化方式的辐射信号，即实现多种极化方式的可重构。
值得说明的是，参见图5，图5为应用了本公开提供的天线结构的阵列天线的平面结构示意图，当本公开提供的天线结构(每个虚线框限定出一个天线结构)应用到阵列天线中，通过控制多个天线结构中的第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号的相位差，使得多个天线结构中的每个天线结构产生的不同极化方向的辐射信号相叠加，能够实现固定极化下的波束扫描，换言之，实现波束的调向、偏转等，并且，采用液晶层进行调相能够通过改变偏置电压实现连续调控，因此在波束扫描时具有较高的分辨率。
本公开提供的天线结构中，第一至第四辐射移相单元的辐射部与反射移相部可采用多种结构，只要液晶层3上侧和下侧相叠加的辐射移相单元的两个辐射移相部和它们之间的液晶层3能够组合构成一个反射移相器，换言之，反射移相器能够实现：使辐射信号入射辐射区域后，由反射移相器靠近辐射区域(也即靠近辐射部)的一端传播至远离辐射区域的一端时，被反射回辐 射区域，再辐射出去。一个辐射移相单元(包括第一-第四辐射移相单元的任一个)的辐射部和反射移相部可以同层设置，采用电连接的方式传输辐射信号；一个辐射移相单元的辐射部和反射移相部也可以分层设置(即设置在不同层)，采用耦合连接的方式传输辐射信号，以下举例详细说明。
在一些示例中，参见图1-图4，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射部12a和第二辐射移相单元13的辐射部13a均为贴片结构，即采用片状金属构成，且金属上无狭缝，在这种实现方式中，一个辐射移相单元(包括第一至第四辐射移相单元的任一个)的贴片结构(即辐射部)自身在第一基底11上的正投影限定出的区域，即为该辐射移相单元的辐射区域；同理，第三辐射移相单元22的辐射部22a和第四辐射移相单元23的辐射部23a均为贴片结构，即采用片状金属构成，且金属上无狭缝，在这种实现方式中，一个辐射移相单元(包括第一至第四辐射移相单元的任一个)的贴片结构(即辐射部)自身在第二基底21上的正投影限定出的区域，即为该辐射移相单元的辐射区域。进一步地，第一辐射移相单元12的贴片结构(即辐射部12a)包括第一辐射区域，第一辐射区域在第一基底11上的正投影位于第三辐射移相单元22的贴片结构(即辐射部22a)在第一基底11上的正投影内；第二辐射移相单元13的贴片结构(即辐射部13a)包括第二辐射区域，第二辐射区域在第二基底21上的正投影位于第四辐射移相单元23的贴片结构(即辐射部23a)在第二基底21上的正投影内。在这种实现方式中，一个辐射移相单元(包括第一至第四辐射移相单元的任一个)的反射移相部与贴片结构(即辐射部)同层设置且直接电连接。在一些示例中，一个辐射移相单元的反射移相部与贴片结构(即辐射部)一体成型。
进一步地，第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的每个辐射移相单元的辐射部为偶极子结构，实现偶极子结构的方式可以有多种，例如，参见图6，图6示出辐射 部为偶极子结构的实施例中第一基板的平面结构示意图，第二基板上的第三、第四辐射移相单元可以采用相同的设置，在此不做赘述。第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的每个辐射移相单元的辐射部包括一个第一子辐射部和一个第二子辐射部，第一子辐射部和第二子辐射部形成平面偶极子结构。其中，属于同一辐射移相单元的辐射部的一个第一子辐射和一个第二子辐射部之间具有第一间距，第一子辐射部的延伸方向和一个第二子辐射部的延伸方向相同，且第一子辐射部和第二子辐射部均与第一子辐射部和第二子辐射部所属的辐射移相单元的反射移相部的一个端部连接。其中，以图6为例，第一子辐射部的延伸方向和第二子辐射部的延伸方向为第一方向X，在这种实施方式中，第一子辐射部和第二子辐射部沿同一水平线间隔排布，一个辐射移相单元(包括第一至第四辐射移相单元的任一个)的第一子辐射部和第二子辐射的自身在第一基底11上的正投影限定出的区域，即为该辐射移相单元的辐射区域。例如：参见图6，第一辐射移相单元12包括一个辐射部12a和一个与辐射部12a相连的反射移相部12b，其中，辐射部12a包括断开设置的第一子辐射部12a1和第二子辐射部12a2，第一子辐射部12a1和第二子辐射部12a2具有第一间距d1，且第一子辐射部12a1的延伸方向和第二子辐射部12a2的延伸方向均为第一方向X，第一子辐射部12a1和第二子辐射部12a2连接在反射移相部12b的同一端，第一子辐射部12a1和第二子辐射部12a2在第一基底1上的正投影限定出第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域，其中，第一间距d1为在第一辐射部12a1的延伸方向(例如图6中第一方向X)上，第一子辐射部12a1靠近第二子辐射部12a2的端部与第二子辐射部12a2靠近第一子辐射部12a1的端部的间距。第二辐射移相单元13包括一个辐射部13a和一个与辐射部13a相连的反射移相部13b，其中，辐射部13a包括断开设置的第一子辐射部13a1和第二子辐射部13a2，第一子辐射部13a1和第二子辐射部13a2具有第 一间距，且第一子辐射部13a1的延伸方向和第二子辐射部13a2的延伸方向均为第二方向Y，第一子辐射部13a1和第二子辐射部13a2连接在反射移相部13b的同一端，第一子辐射部13a1和第二子辐射部13a2在第一基底1上的正投影限定出第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域。第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23的结构可以与第一辐射移相单元12采用同一实现方式，在此不再赘述。
在一些示例中，第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的每个辐射移相单元的辐射部与反射移相部还可以耦合连接的方式，在这种实现方式中，辐射部与反射移相部可以分层设置。参见图7，图7示出辐射移相单元的辐射部与反射移相部采用耦合连接的实施例中第一基板的平面结构示意图，第二基板上的第三、第四辐射移相单元可以采用相同的设置，在此不做赘述。属于同一辐射移相器的辐射部上具有狭缝，狭缝所在区域限定出该辐射移相器的辐射区域，具体地，一个辐射部上的狭缝在第一基底11上的正投影，与该辐射部所属的辐射移相单元的反射移相部在第一基底11上的正投影部分重叠，从而反射移相部与辐射部可以采用缝隙耦合的方式进行辐射信号的传输。例如：参见图7，第一辐射移相单元12包括一个辐射部12a和一个与辐射部12a相连的反射移相部12b，其中，辐射部12a上具有狭缝K1，反射移相部12b在第一基底11上的正投影与狭缝K1在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分交叠，狭缝K1在第一基底11上的正投影限定出第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域。第二辐射移相单元13包括一个辐射部13a和一个与辐射部13a相连的反射移相部13b，其中，辐射部13a上具有狭缝K2，反射移相部13b在第一基底11上的正投影与狭缝K2在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分交叠，狭缝K1在第一基底11上的正投影限定出第二辐射移相单元13的辐射区域。第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23的结构可以与第一辐射移相单元12采用同一实现 方式，在此不再赘述。
当然，第一至第四辐射移相单元还可以采用更多的实现方向，例如采用微带线结构，在此不做限定。
参见图8，图8示出多种位于同层的辐射移相单元的设置方式，对于一个天线结构，位于第一基底11上的第一辐射移相单元12和第二辐射移相单元13可以采用各种排布方式，位于第二基底21上的第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23可以采用各种排布方式，只需保证第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向和第二辐射移相单元13的延伸方向的第一夹角，和第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元23的延伸方向的第二夹角一致，在需要上述第一线极化辐射信号和第二线极化辐射信号相正交的实施例中，需要保证第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向和第二辐射移相单元13的延伸方向的第一夹角为90°；第三辐射移相单元22的辐射区域的延伸方向和第四辐射移相单元23的延伸方向的第二夹角为90°。例如：参见图8，在图8中(a)、(b)的实施例中，以第一基板的一侧为例，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向为第一方向X，第二辐射移相单元13的延伸方向为第二方向Y，第一方向X和第二方向Y互相垂直；在图8中(c)、(d)的实施例中，以第一基板的一侧为例，第一辐射移相单元12的辐射区域的延伸方向为第四方向S1，第二辐射移相单元13的延伸方向为第五方向S2，第四方向S1和第五方向S2互相垂直。第三辐射移相单元22、第四辐射移相单元23的结构可以与第一辐射移相单元12采用同一实现方式，在此不再赘述。
在一些示例中，对于第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的任一个辐射移相单元，该辐射移相单元的辐射部的辐射区域的延伸方向与该辐射移相单元的反射移相部的延伸方向具有第三夹角，也就是说，同一辐射移相单元的反射移相部的延 伸方向与辐射部的延伸方向不同，第三夹角的角度范围在(0，90]度之间。例如：在图8中(a)、(b)所示的实施例中，第一辐射移相单元12的反射移相部12b的延伸方向(例如第二方向Y)与第一辐射移相单元12的辐射部12a(例如第一方向X)互相垂直，即第三夹角为90°；在图8中(d)所示的实施例中，第一辐射移相单元12的反射移相部12b的延伸方向(例如第六方向S3)与第一辐射移相单元12的辐射部12a(例如第四方向S1)相交，且第三夹角小于90°。在具体地实施例中，反射移相部的排布可以采用多种方式，且还可以采用多段式排布、排布为周期或非周期图形等，以实现节省空间或实现延迟线等多种功能，在此不做限定。第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22、第四辐射移相单元23的结构可以与第一辐射移相单元12采用同一实现方式，在此不再赘述。
在一些示例中，第一辐射移相单元12、第二辐射移相单元13、第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23中的每个辐射移相单元的反射移相部可以连接在该辐射移相单元的辐射部在该辐射部的延伸方向上的中点位置。
需要说明的是，在本公开提供的天线结构中，设置在第一基底11上的第一辐射移相单元12和第二辐射移相单元13的图形，可以与第三辐射移相单元22和第四辐射移相单元23的图形不一致，只要第一辐射移相单元12与第三辐射移相单元22在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠，第二辐射移相单元13与第四辐射移相单元23在第一基底11上的正投影至少部分重叠即可。
在一些示例中，参见图1、图2，本公开提供的天线结构还包括：反射层24，反射层24设置在第二基底21背离液晶层3的一侧，反射层24在第二基底21上的正投影，覆盖第一至第四辐射单元在第二基底21上的正投影，反射层24用于将第一至第四辐射单元朝向第二基底21方向辐射的辐射信号反射至背离第二基底21的方向，以增大天线结构的辐射效率。反射层24可 以采用整面金属形成，也可以采用周期图案形成电磁带隙(Electromagnetic Band Gap，EBG)结构，在此不做限定。
在一些实施例中，第一基底11和第二基底21可以采用厚度为100-1000微米的玻璃基板，也可采用蓝宝石衬底、陶瓷衬底等，还可以使用厚度为10-500微米的聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯基板、三聚氰酸三烯丙酯基板和聚酰亚胺透明柔性基板。具体的，第一基底11和第二基底21可以采用介电损耗极低的高纯度石英玻璃。相比于普通玻璃基板，第一基底11和第二基底21采用石英玻璃可以有效减小对微波的损耗，使移相器具有低的功耗和高的信噪比。
在一些实施例，第一至第四辐射移相单元的辐射部和移相反射部、反射层中的任一者的材料均可以采用铝、银、金、铬、钼、镍或铁等金属制成，也可以采用非金属导电材料制成。
在一些实施例中，液晶层3中的液晶分子为正性液晶分子或负性液晶分子，需要说明的是，当液晶分子为正性液晶分子时，本发明具体实施例液晶分子长轴方向与第二电极之间的夹角大于0度小于等于45度。当液晶分子为负向液晶分子时，本发明具体实施例液晶分子长轴方向与第二电极之间的夹角大于45度小于90度，保证了液晶分子发生偏转后，改变液晶层3的介电常数，以达到移相的目的。
第二方面，本公开提供一种阵列天线，其包括多个上述天线结构。
在一些示例中，参见图5，多个天线结构(一个矩形虚线框限定出一个天线结构)阵列排布；多个天线结构的第一基底11一体设置，且多个天线结构的第二基底21(图5中未示出)一体设置，多个天线结构的反射层24(图5中未示出)一体设置。
在一些示例中，继续参见图5，阵列天线还包括第一控制单元CON1、第二控制单元CON2、多条第一信号线01、多条第二信号线02、多条第三信号线(图5中未示出)和多条第四信号线(图5中未示出)。需要说明的是， 图5以第一基板一侧的结构为例进行说明，第二基板一侧可以采用相同的连接方式，因此不再赘述。
其中，第一控制单元CON1和第二控制单元CON2上具有多个端口，每个端口可独立输出偏置电压。多条第一信号线01中的每条第一信号线01的第一端连接第一控制单元CON1的一个端口，该第一信号线01的第二端连接一个第一辐射移相单元12，不同的第一信号线01连接不同的第一辐射移相单元12和不同的第一控制单元CON1的端口；多条第二信号线02中的每条第二信号线02的第一端连接第二控制单元CON2的一个端口，该第二信号线02的第二端连接一个第二辐射移相单元13，不同的第二信号线02连接不同的第二辐射移相单元13和不同的第二控制单元CON2的端口；多条第三信号线中的每条第三信号线的第一端连接第一控制单元CON1的一个端口，该第三信号线的第二端连接一个第三辐射移相单元22，不同的第三信号线连接不同的第三辐射移相单元22和不同的第一控制单元CON1的端口；多条第四信号线中的每条第四信号线的第一端连接第二控制单元CON2的一个端口，该第四信号线的第二端连接一个第四辐射移相单元23，不同的第四信号线连接不同的第四辐射移相单元23和不同的第二控制单元CON2的端口；其中，第一控制单元CON1的各个端口独立提供偏置电压，第二控制单元CON2的各个端口独立提供偏置电压，通过第一控制单元CON1和第二控制单元CON2的各个端口输出的偏置电压(例如上述第一至第四偏置电压)，可以独立控制多个天线结构中的每个天线结构的辐射信号的相位差，以产生对应的极化方式的辐射信号，使得多个天线结构中的每个天线结构产生的不同极化方向的辐射信号相叠加，能够实现固定极化下的波束扫描，换言之，实现波束的调向、偏转等，并且，采用液晶层进行调相能够通过改变偏置电压实现连续调控，因此在波束扫描时具有较高的分辨率。并且，本公开提供的阵列天线为空馈阵列天线，无需设置复杂的收/发馈电模块，且天线结构 的排布和信号线的排布及阵列天线的驱动方式较为灵活，制造工艺较为简单。
在一些示例中，本公开提供的阵列天线的第一控制单元CON1和第二控制单元CON2中的至少一者可以采用可编程逻辑阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)电路板。
第三方面，本公开提供一种电子设备，该电子设备包括至少一个上述天线结构，和/或，上述阵列天线。
在一些示例中，参见图9，该电子设备还包括收发单元、射频收发机、信号放大器、功率放大器、滤波单元。其中，收发单元可以包括基带和接收端，基带提供至少一个频段的信号，例如提供2G信号、3G信号、4G信号、5G信号等，并将至少一个频段的信号发送给射频收发机。而电子设备中的天线结构接收到信号后，可以经过滤波单元、功率放大器、信号放大器、射频收发机的处理后传输给首发单元中的接收端，接收端例如可以为智慧网关等。
进一步地，射频收发机与收发单元相连，用于调制收发单元发送的信号，或用于解调天线结构接收的信号后传输给收发单元。具体地，射频收发机可以包括发射电路、接收电路、调制电路、解调电路，发射电路接收基底提供的多种类型的信号后，调制电路可以对基带提供的多种类型的信号进行调制，再发送给天线结构。而天线结构接收信号传输给射频收发机的接收电路，接收电路将信号传输给解调电路，解调电路对信号进行解调后传输给接收端。
进一步地，射频收发机连接信号放大器和功率放大器，信号放大器和功率放大器再连接滤波单元，滤波单元连接至少一个天线结构。在电子设备进行发送信号的过程中，信号放大器用于提高射频收发机输出的信号的信噪比后传输给滤波单元；功率放大器用于放大射频收发机输出的信号的功率后传输给滤波单元；滤波单元具体可以包括双工器和滤波电路，滤波单元将信号放大器和功率放大器输出的信号进行合路且滤除杂波后传输给天线结构，天线结构将信号辐射出去。在电子设备进行接收信号的过程中，天线结构接收 到信号后传输给滤波单元，滤波单元将天线结构接收的信号滤除杂波后传输给信号放大器和功率放大器，信号放大器将天线结构接收的信号进行增益，增加信号的信噪比；功率放大器将天线结构接收的信号的功率放大。天线结构接收的信号经过功率放大器、信号放大器处理后传输给射频收发机，射频收发机再传输给收发单元。
在一些示例中，信号放大器可以包括多种类型的信号放大器，例如低噪声放大器，在此不做限制。
在一些示例中，本公开实施例提供的电子设备还包括电源管理单元，电源管理单元连接功率放大器，为功率放大器提供用于放大信号的电压。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本公开的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本公开并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本公开的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本公开的保护范围。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种天线结构，其包括：相对设置的第一基板和第二基板，以及设置在所述第一基板和所述第二基板之间的介电可调介质层；
    所述第一基板包括第一基底，和设置在所述第一基底靠近所述介电可调介质层的一侧且彼此绝缘设置的第一辐射移相单元和第二辐射移相单元；
    所述第二基板包括第二基底，和设置在所述第二基底靠近所述介电可调介质层的一侧且彼此绝缘设置的第三辐射移相单元和第四辐射移相单元；
    其中，所述第一辐射移相单元与所述第三辐射移相单元在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；所述第二辐射移相单元与所述第四辐射移相单元在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；
    所述第一辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第一夹角；所述第三辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射区域的延伸方向具有第二夹角；所述第一夹角的角度与所述第二夹角的角度相等。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个均包括一个辐射部和一个与所述辐射部相连的反射移相部；其中，
    所述第一辐射移相单元的反射移相部和所述第三辐射移相单元的反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，所述第一辐射移相单元的辐射部和所述第三辐射移相单元的辐射部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠；所述第二辐射移相单元的反射移相部和所述第四辐射移相单元的反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠，所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射部和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射部在所述第一基底上的正投影至少部分重叠。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元和所述第二辐射移相单元的辐射部均为贴片结构；所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元的辐射部均为贴片结构；其中，所述第一辐射移相单元的贴片结构包括第一辐射区域，所述第一辐射区域在所述第一基底上的正投影位于所述第三辐射移相单元的贴片结构在所述第一基底上的正投影内；所述第二辐射移相单元的贴片结构包括第二辐射区域，所述第二辐射区域在所述第二基底上的正投影位于所述第四辐射移相单元的贴片结构在所述第二基底上的正投影内。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的辐射部为偶极子结构。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述辐射部包括一个第一子辐射部和一个第二子辐射部，所述第一子辐射部和所述第二子辐射部形成偶极子结构；其中，所述第一子辐射和所述第二子辐射部之间具有第一间距，所述第一子辐射部的延伸方向和一个第二子辐射部的延伸方向相同，且所述第一子辐射部和所述第二子辐射部均与二者所属的辐射移相单元的所述反射移相部的一个端部连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述辐射部与所述反射移相部耦合连接，所述辐射部与所述反射移相部分层设置；所述辐射部上具有狭缝，所述狭缝所在区域限定出所述辐射区域；其中，一个所述辐射部上的狭缝在所述第一基底上的正投影，与该辐射部所属的辐射移相单元的所述反射移相部在所述第一基底上的正投影部分 重叠。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一所述的天线结构，其中，对于所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的任一个，所述辐射部的辐射区域的延伸方向与所述反射移相部的延伸方向具有第三夹角。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一夹角和所述第二夹角均为90°，和/或，所述第三夹角为90°。
  9. 根据权利要求2-6任一所述的天线结构，其中，所述第一辐射移相单元、所述第二辐射移相单元、所述第三辐射移相单元和所述第四辐射移相单元中的每个的所述反射移相部连接在所述辐射部在该辐射部的延伸方向上的中点。
  10. 根据权利要求1-6任一所述的天线结构，其中，还包括：反射层，设置在所述第二基底背离所述介电可调介质层的一侧。
  11. 一种阵列天线，其包括多个1-10任一所述的天线结构。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的阵列天线，其中，多个所述天线结构阵列排布；多个所述天线结构的第一基底一体设置，且多个所述天线结构的第二基底一体设置。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的阵列天线，其中，所述阵列天线还包括第一控制单元、第二控制单元、多条第一信号线、多条第二信号线、多条第三信号线和多条第四信号线；其中，多条所述第一信号线中的每条的第一端连接 所述第一控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第一辐射移相单元；多条所述第二信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第二控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第二辐射移相单元；多条所述第三信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第一控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第三辐射移相单元；多条所述第四信号线中的每条的第一端连接所述第二控制单元的一个端口，第二端连接一个第四辐射移相单元；其中，所述第一控制单元的各个端口独立提供偏置电压，所述第二控制单元的各个端口独立提供偏置电压。
  14. 一种电子设备，其包括至少一个权利要求1-10任一所述的天线结构，和/或，权利要求11-13任一所述的阵列天线。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子设备，其中，还包括：
    收发单元，用于发送信号或接收信号；
    射频收发机，与所述收发单元相连，用于调制所述收发单元发送的信号，或用于解调所述天线接收的信号后传输给所述收发单元；
    信号放大器，与所述射频收发机相连，用于提高所述射频收发机输出的信号或所述天线接收的信号的信噪比；
    功率放大器，与所述射频收发机相连，用于放大所述射频收发机输出的信号或所述天线接收的信号的功率；
    滤波单元，与所述信号放大器、所述功率放大器均相连，且与所述天线相连，用于将接收到的信号进行滤波后发送给所述天线，或对所述天线接收的信号滤波。
PCT/CN2022/077924 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备 WO2023159471A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/077924 WO2023159471A1 (zh) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备
CN202280000304.0A CN116964864A (zh) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/CN2022/077924 WO2023159471A1 (zh) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023159471A1 true WO2023159471A1 (zh) 2023-08-31

Family

ID=87764256

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/077924 WO2023159471A1 (zh) 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116964864A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023159471A1 (zh)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102017306A (zh) * 2008-05-05 2011-04-13 诺基亚西门子通信公司 贴片天线元件阵列
CN102956965A (zh) * 2012-07-27 2013-03-06 电子科技大学 一种超宽带双极化平面天线
CN111682317A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-18 电子科技大学 一种基于液晶的二维波束扫描全息漏波天线
US20210080765A1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-03-18 Chengdu Tianma Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal phase shifter and antenna
CN112886251A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2021-06-01 艾尔康系统有限责任公司 具有温度传感器的液晶天线面板系统
CN113839189A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-24 上海天马微电子有限公司 液晶天线及驱动方法
US20210408681A1 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-12-30 Japan Display Inc. Antenna device and phased array antenna device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102017306A (zh) * 2008-05-05 2011-04-13 诺基亚西门子通信公司 贴片天线元件阵列
CN102956965A (zh) * 2012-07-27 2013-03-06 电子科技大学 一种超宽带双极化平面天线
US20210080765A1 (en) * 2018-05-31 2021-03-18 Chengdu Tianma Micro-Electronics Co., Ltd. Liquid crystal phase shifter and antenna
US20210408681A1 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-12-30 Japan Display Inc. Antenna device and phased array antenna device
CN112886251A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2021-06-01 艾尔康系统有限责任公司 具有温度传感器的液晶天线面板系统
CN111682317A (zh) * 2020-05-19 2020-09-18 电子科技大学 一种基于液晶的二维波束扫描全息漏波天线
CN113839189A (zh) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-24 上海天马微电子有限公司 液晶天线及驱动方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116964864A (zh) 2023-10-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2020188903A1 (ja) アンテナ装置及びフェーズドアレイアンテナ装置
WO2021027870A1 (zh) 移相器及天线
CN110824734A (zh) 液晶移相器及液晶天线
US11949142B2 (en) Feeding structure, microwave radio frequency device and antenna
CN112448106B (zh) 馈电结构、微波射频器件及天线
CN112164875B (zh) 微带天线、通信设备
WO2021088663A1 (zh) 馈电结构、微波射频器件及天线
CN210628497U (zh) 馈电结构、微波射频器件及天线
WO2022110013A1 (zh) 移相器及天线
CN112103632A (zh) 基于液晶材料的极化可重构天线及其制作和调控方法
WO2023159471A1 (zh) 天线结构、阵列天线和电子设备
CN110120585A (zh) 圆极化液晶电控扫描反射阵天线
WO2023137690A1 (zh) 天线及天线系统
US20220102863A1 (en) Apparatus for electromagnetic wave manipulation
CN111987448B (zh) 一种双极化Vivaldi天线
US11984633B2 (en) Phase shifter and antenna
WO2023184138A1 (zh) 天线及电子设备
WO2023240481A1 (zh) 双频天线及电子设备
WO2023155185A1 (zh) 移相器、天线及电子设备
TWI788156B (zh) 電磁波傳輸結構
WO2023245590A1 (zh) 全息天线及电子设备
US20240186668A1 (en) Feeding structure, microwave radio frequency device and antenna
JP7371184B2 (ja) 電磁波伝送構造体
CN115336100B (zh) 巴伦组件、微波射频器件及天线
TWI827926B (zh) 射頻液晶天線系統

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202280000304.0

Country of ref document: CN

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 18015748

Country of ref document: US

121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22927757

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1