WO2023151363A1 - 微胶囊及其制备方法、电子纸和电子设备 - Google Patents

微胶囊及其制备方法、电子纸和电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023151363A1
WO2023151363A1 PCT/CN2022/137269 CN2022137269W WO2023151363A1 WO 2023151363 A1 WO2023151363 A1 WO 2023151363A1 CN 2022137269 W CN2022137269 W CN 2022137269W WO 2023151363 A1 WO2023151363 A1 WO 2023151363A1
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Prior art keywords
particles
particle
color
cone
microcapsule
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PCT/CN2022/137269
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
叶万俊
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Oppo广东移动通信有限公司
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Publication of WO2023151363A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023151363A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F1/16757—Microcapsules
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/165—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on translational movement of particles in a fluid under the influence of an applied field
    • G02F1/1675—Constructional details
    • G02F2001/1678—Constructional details characterised by the composition or particle type

Definitions

  • the disclosure belongs to the technical field of electronic equipment, and in particular relates to microcapsules and a preparation method thereof, electronic paper and electronic equipment.
  • E-paper is an ultra-thin, flexible, and rewritable display. Compared with other display technologies such as LCD and OLED, e-paper has lower energy consumption. The experience is better; and because the electronic paper itself does not emit light, it relies entirely on reflected light, so the content displayed on the electronic paper is softer and will not cause damage to the eyes.
  • the present disclosure provides a microcapsule, the shape of the microcapsule is a cone, the inner surface and the bottom surface of the cone form a cavity, and the bottom surface is transparent; the cavity is provided with a light-transmitting liquid and a plurality of first particles and a plurality of second particles dispersed in the light-transmitting liquid, the first particles and the second particles are capable of reciprocating movement between the apex of the cone and the bottom surface; wherein , the color of the first particle, the color of the second particle, and the color of the inner surface are different from each other.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing microcapsules, the method comprising: forming a side surface of a cone, the inner side of the cone defining a cavity; injecting a plurality of first particles, a plurality of second particles into the cavity. Two particles and the light-transmitting liquid; the bottom surface of the cone is bonded to the side to form a cavity, so that a plurality of the first particles, a plurality of the second particles and the light-transmitting liquid are located in the said light-transmitting liquid.
  • cone-shaped microcapsules are obtained; wherein, the bottom surface is transparent, and the color of the first particle, the color of the second particle, and the color of the inner surface are different from each other.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic paper, which includes an electronic ink layer, and the electronic ink layer includes a plurality of microcapsules, and the microcapsules are the aforementioned microcapsules, or are prepared by the aforementioned method.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes an electronic device casing and the above-mentioned electronic paper; the electronic device casing has an accommodating space, the electronic paper is arranged in the accommodating space, and the The light-emitting surface of the electronic paper faces the side away from the housing of the electronic device.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram when the front of the electrified area of the electrophoretic microcapsule is black in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is the structural schematic view when the front of the electrified area of the electrophoretic microcapsule is white in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-color electronic ink based on microcup electrophoresis technology in the prior art
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a color electronic ink based on microcup electrophoresis technology in the prior art
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a microcapsule in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of a microcapsule in one embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of microcapsules in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a top view of microcapsules in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a microcapsule in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a top view of microcapsules in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of microcapsules in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a top view of microcapsules in another embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a flowchart of a method for preparing microcapsules in one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Figure 14 is a flowchart of a method for preparing first particles and second particles in one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 15 is a flowchart of a method for preparing a magnetic layer in an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 16 is a flowchart of a method for preparing first particles after forming a magnetic layer in one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • 17 is a flowchart of a method for preparing second particles after forming a magnetic layer in one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 18 is a flowchart of a method for preparing first particles or second particles in one embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic ink layer in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.
  • the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used for explaining the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application. If no specific technique or condition is indicated in the examples, it shall be carried out according to the technique or condition described in the literature in this field or according to the product specification.
  • the reagents used were not indicated by the manufacturer, but were all conventional products that could be purchased from the market.
  • electrophoretic microcapsules At present, technologies that can be used to make electronic paper displays include electrophoretic microcapsules, electrophoretic microcups, electrophoretic electronic powder flow, cholesterol liquid crystals, micro-electromechanical systems, and electrowetting.
  • electrophoretic microcapsule technology and electrophoretic microcup technology can achieve large-scale Mass production.
  • Microcapsule electronic ink refers to a collection of a series of microcapsules. Each microcapsule particle is encapsulated with positively charged white titanium oxide particles, negatively charged black carbon particles and electrophoretic fluid.
  • Figure 1 When the upper layer of ITO is positively charged And when the lower layer of ITO is negatively charged, or the upper layer of ITO is non-conductive and the lower layer of ITO is charged with a stronger negative charge, the carbon particles in the microcapsules gather to the upper layer, and the titanium oxide particles gather downward, and the color of the front side of the electrified area is black; refer to the figure 2.
  • the carbon particles in the microcapsules gather to the lower layer, and the titanium oxide particles gather upwards, and the electrified area shows a positive appearance.
  • the output color is white, and when the voltage is different or the power-on time is different, the grayscale of the front color will also be different. You can obtain different grayscale colors by controlling different voltages or charging time, but it cannot be displayed. Red, yellow and other colors.
  • the black particles in the microcapsules can be charged, while the white particles are in a neutral state, and the movement of the black particles can be controlled by an external electric field to achieve black and white discoloration.
  • the black particles since only the black particles are charged, only the black particles need to be charged, and the cost is relatively low, but it still does not have the ability to make color electronic ink screens.
  • Microcup electronic ink is based on electrophoretic microcup technology, and its working principle is similar to that of microcapsule electronic ink. It also controls the upward movement of particles of different colors by applying an electric field, thereby displaying different colors.
  • three-color or colored electronic ink is based on electrophoretic microcup technology, and the structure of three-color and colored microcup electronic ink is shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4. Although this method can display color, there are complex structures. defect.
  • the present disclosure aims to improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems at least to a certain extent.
  • the present disclosure provides a microcapsule 100, the shape of the microcapsule 100 is a cone, the inner surface 100a and the bottom surface 100b of the cone form a cavity, and the bottom surface 100b is transparent
  • the cavity is provided with a light-transmitting liquid 130 and a plurality of first particles 110 and a plurality of second particles 120 dispersed in the light-transmitting liquid 130, and the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 can be placed on the apex and bottom surface of the cone 100b reciprocating movement; wherein, the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner surface are different from each other.
  • the microcapsule 100 may display different colors through the reciprocating motion of the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 . Specifically, when both the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 move to the position where the apex is located, the color displayed by the cone is the color of the inner side.
  • the microcapsules 100 Viewed from directly above the bottom surface 100b of the cone, in fact the microcapsules 100 The inside of the microcapsule 100 has a small point with a different color from the inner side, which is the first particle 110 and the second particle 120, but because the point is small, it cannot be observed by the naked eye, so the color displayed by the microcapsule 100 as a whole is the inner side when the plurality of first particles 110 moved to the position of the bottom surface 100b, the plurality of first particles 110 could cover the bottom surface 100b, and the color displayed by the microcapsule 100 was the color of the first particle 110; When one second particle 120 moves to the position where the bottom surface 100b is located, multiple second particles 120 can cover the bottom surface 100b, and the color displayed by the cone is the color of the second particle 120 .
  • the microcapsule 100 can be displayed in different colors, and the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner surface can be colored , the microcapsule 100 can display color; thus, the microcapsule of the present disclosure can enable the electronic paper to display any color and pattern, which improves the expressive appearance.
  • the material forming the bottom surface 100b of the cone is transparent, thus, the bottom surface 100b does not affect the color presentation of the inner surface, the first particle 110, and the second particle 120, which further improves the appearance effect of the microcapsule 100 .
  • the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 have electric charge and magnetism; the electric charge of the first particle 110 is different from that of the second particle 120 .
  • the microcapsules 100 can be displayed differently.
  • the microcapsule 100 can be displayed in any color of red, green, or blue.
  • Each microcapsule 100 is equivalent to a pixel that can display red, green or blue, and the electronic ink screen prepared by the microcapsule 100 can display any color and pattern, reducing the damage to eyes caused by common LCD or OLED screens.
  • the second particle 120 may have a positive charge or a negative charge.
  • the second particle 120 has a positive charge and the first particle 110 has a negative charge for illustration.
  • the negatively charged first particles 110 will move toward the cone as a whole due to electrostatic attraction.
  • the area of the apex of the shape moves and gathers, and the second particles 120 with positive charges will move and gather to the plane area of the cone bottom surface 100b as a whole due to the electrostatic attraction.
  • the second particle 120 can spread out on the plane area where the bottom surface 100b is located, that is, the second particle 120 can cover the bottom surface 100b. At this time, with reference to FIG.
  • the capsule 100 as a whole exhibits the color of the second particle 120 .
  • the second particles 120 with a positive charge will move towards the apex of the cone as a whole due to electrostatic attraction.
  • the region moves and gathers, and the first particles 110 with negative charge will move and gather to the planar area of the cone bottom surface 100b as a whole due to electrostatic attraction, and the lubricity among the multiple first particles 110 is relatively high, so the multiple first particles 110 can be spread out on the plane area where the bottom surface 100b is located, that is, the first particle 110 can cover the bottom surface 100b.
  • the shape of the cone is circular.
  • the color of the first particles 110 is present as a whole.
  • the magnetic field generating assembly 200 can place the microcapsule 100 in a magnetic field, the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 all have magnetism, and under the action of the magnetic field , now the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 all move and gather towards the apex of the cone.
  • the magnetic field generating assembly 200 can place the microcapsule 100 in a magnetic field, the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 all have magnetism, and under the action of the magnetic field , now the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 all move and gather towards the apex of the cone.
  • the shape of the entire cone is circular and has the color of the inner surface , in fact, there are many small dots (first particle 110 and second particle 120) in the middle of the circle that are different in color from the inner side, but the size of the small dots is relatively small compared to the entire circle, and it is almost invisible to the naked eye. Therefore, at this time, the overall color of the top view of the microcapsule 100 is the color of the inner surface.
  • the ratio of the sum of the volumes of the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 to the total volume of the cone is 20-50%.
  • the microcapsule 100 can better realize the transformation of different colors, and the microcapsule 100 has a better display effect. If the above ratio is too small, that is, the content of the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 is too small, when the first particle 110 or the second particle 120 moves to the position where the bottom surface 100b is located, the first particle 110 or the second particle 120 spreads out.
  • the light-transmitting liquid 130 includes a solvent, a stabilizer, and a charge control agent.
  • the solvent may be tetrafluoroethylene
  • the stabilizer may be Span80
  • the charge control agent may be polyisobutylene succinimide.
  • the longest distance between any two points on the bottom surface 100b is 10-100 microns, such as 10 microns, 15 microns, 20 microns, 25 microns, 30 microns, 35 microns, 40 microns, 45 microns Micron, 50 micron, 55 micron, 60 micron, 65 micron, 70 micron, 75 micron, 80 micron, 85 micron, 90 micron, 95 micron, 100 micron.
  • the microcapsule 100 can better realize the transformation of different colors, and the microcapsule 100 has a better display effect. If the above-mentioned distance is too small, the size of the bottom surface of the cone is too small, which will increase the production cost. If the above distance is too large, the display effect of the microcapsules will be poor.
  • the distance between the apex of the cone and the bottom surface 100b is 10-100 microns, such as 10 microns, 15 microns, 20 microns, 25 microns, 30 microns, 35 microns, 40 microns, 45 microns, 50 microns. Micron, 55 micron, 60 micron, 65 micron, 70 micron, 75 micron, 80 micron, 85 micron, 90 micron, 95 micron, 100 micron.
  • the first particle 110 or the second particle 120 located at the apex of the cone can quickly move to the bottom surface 100b, further speeding up the response speed of discoloration.
  • the particle diameter of the first particle 110 and the particle diameter of the second particle 120 may be the same or different, independently selected from 1-10 microns, for example, 1 micron, 2 microns, 3 microns, 4 microns Micron, 5 micron, 6 micron, 7 micron, 8 micron, 9 micron or 10 micron.
  • the cone-shaped body includes at least one of a cone and a pyramid.
  • a pyramid is also called a pyramid, which is a kind of three-dimensional polyhedron. It is formed by connecting straight line segments from each vertex of a polygon to a point outside the plane where it is located. constitute.
  • pyramids can include triangular pyramids, quadrangular pyramids, pentagonal pyramids, hexagonal pyramids, heptagonal pyramids, octagonal pyramids, and nine-pyramid pyramids. The polyhedron formed will not be repeated here.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the specific shape of the cone, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to specific requirements. It should be understood that the specific shape of the cone does not affect the color of the microcapsules, that is, it does not affect the appearance of the microcapsules. Specifically, when the specific shape of the cone is different, when the first particle and the second particle move to the apex of the cone , when observed from the top of the microcapsule, the microcapsule can display the color of the inner side.
  • the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner side can be selected from red, green or blue, and at the same time, the color of the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 need to be satisfied.
  • the color of the inner side is different from each other. That is to say, the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner surface can have multiple combinations, as long as the microcapsule 100 can display any color of red, green, or blue. Can. Therefore, the microcapsule 100 of the present disclosure can display any one of the three primary colors, thereby enabling the electronic paper to display any color and pattern.
  • the color of the first particle 110 may be red
  • the color of the second particle 120 may be green
  • the color of the inner side may be blue.
  • the microcapsule 100 can display any color of red, green, and blue
  • the electronic paper including the microcapsule 100 can display any color and pattern.
  • the first particle 110 includes polarized carbon powder, and the first particle 110 is negatively charged; the second particle 120 includes polarized titanium dioxide, and the second particle 120 is positively charged.
  • the first particle 110 may be positively charged, and the second particle 120 may be negatively charged.
  • both the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 have a magnetic layer, and the material forming the magnetic layer includes at least one of Ni, Fe, and Co.
  • the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 can move directionally in the magnetic field.
  • the present disclosure also provides a method for preparing microcapsules 100, referring to Fig. 13 and Fig. 18, the method comprises:
  • the present disclosure does not limit the method of forming the side of the conical body.
  • the side can be prepared in the following manner: stamping the substrate to form a cavity, and using the substrate with the cavity as the side of the conical body.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the process and parameters of the stamping process, as long as the cavity can be formed.
  • the method further includes forming the first particle and the second particle by:
  • the present disclosure does not limit the material of the particles, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to needs.
  • the particle can be made of glass.
  • the method for forming the first particles 110 and the second particles 120 further includes a step of surface modification of the particles.
  • the surface modification step can be performed before forming the magnetic layer, or after forming after the magnetic layer.
  • the purpose of the surface modification is to allow the particles to separate from each other so that they do not overlap and build up as they spread across the bottom of the cone.
  • surface modification methods include physical methods such as spraying method and melting dispersion condensation method, and chemical methods such as adsorption method, graft polymerization method and emulsion polymerization method.
  • forming a magnetic layer on the outer surface of the particle includes:
  • the present disclosure does not limit the material of the adhesive layer and the process of forming the adhesive layer, and those skilled in the art can select according to the use requirements.
  • the thickness of the glue layer is smaller than the diameter of the particles, so that a part of the particles can be buried in the glue layer, that is, a part of the particles is covered by the glue layer, and the other part of the particles is exposed, that is, the particles The other part is not covered by the glue layer.
  • the ratio of the thickness of the glue layer to the diameter of the particles may be greater than or equal to 2/3 and less than or equal to 3/4. In this way, the particles can be firmly adhered in the glue layer, and it can also be ensured that a part of the particles is not covered by the glue layer.
  • the material forming the magnetic layer may be at least one of Ni, Fe and Co. Through this step, the particles can be made magnetic to ensure that the particles can move in a directional manner in the magnetic field.
  • forming the first particles and forming the second particles further includes:
  • the coating for preparing the first particle 110 is different from the coating for preparing the second particle 120 , so that the charge of the first particle 110 is different from that of the second particle 120 .
  • the color dyed to the first particle 110 is different from the color dyed to the second particle 120 .
  • forming the first particles 110 includes:
  • the present disclosure does not limit the specific process of forming the carbon powder coating, and those skilled in the art can select according to the use requirements.
  • the particles attached with the carbon powder coating and the magnetic layer can be dyed green, but not limited thereto, and can also be dyed in other colors (red or blue), as long as the color and the color of the first particles formed by the preparation are satisfied.
  • the color of the second particle and the color of the inner surface may be different from each other.
  • the carbon powder coating is polarized and negatively charged.
  • the first particles are green in color and negatively charged.
  • the color of the first particle is not limited to green, the color of the first particle can also be red or blue, as long as the color of the first particle, the second The color of the particles and the color of the inner surface may be different.
  • forming the second particles includes:
  • the present disclosure does not limit the specific process for forming the titanium dioxide coating, which can be selected by those skilled in the art according to usage requirements.
  • the particles attached with the titanium dioxide coating and the magnetic layer can be dyed red. But it is not limited thereto, and it can also be dyed in other colors (green or blue), as long as the color of the prepared second particles is different from the color of the first particles and the color of the inner surface.
  • the titanium dioxide coating is positively charged after being polarized.
  • the color of the second particle is red and has a positive charge.
  • the color of the second particle is not limited to red, the color of the second particle can also be green or blue, as long as the color of the first particle, the second The color of the particles and the color of the inner surface may be different.
  • the method for preparing the microcapsule 100 also includes:
  • the bottom surface is transparent, and the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner surface are different from each other.
  • the microcapsules prepared by the method can display different colors, and further enable the electronic paper to display arbitrary colors and patterns, thereby improving the expressive appearance.
  • the method also has the advantages of simple process, easy realization, and low production cost.
  • the microcapsules prepared by the above method have all the technical features of the aforementioned microcapsules, thus, the above method has all the features and advantages of the aforementioned microcapsules. This will not be repeated here.
  • the color of the first particle 110, the color of the second particle 120, and the color of the inner side are selected from red, green or blue, and the microcapsules prepared by this method can realize red, green or blue. Any color of blue, that is, the microcapsules prepared by the disclosed method can display any color of the three primary colors, thereby enabling the electronic paper to display any color and pattern.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic paper, which includes an electronic ink layer, and the electronic ink layer includes a plurality of microcapsules, wherein the microcapsules are the aforementioned microcapsules 100, or are prepared by the aforementioned method. Therefore, the electronic paper has all the features and advantages of the aforementioned microcapsule 100 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the microcapsule 100 can display different colors, and the color of each cone can be controlled through the circuit, so that the electronic ink layer can display any color pattern, the appearance is better, and it has the function of eye protection, which greatly improves the The market competitiveness of electronic paper can reduce the damage to eyes caused by commonly used LCD or OLED screens.
  • FIG. 19 is a top view of the electronic ink layer.
  • the electronic ink layer includes a plurality of microcapsules 100 distributed in the same plane, and each microcapsule 100 has a microcone-shaped cavity structure.
  • the action of the electric field and the magnetic field can make the first particle 110 and the second particle 120 with different colors move up and down inside the cone, thereby realizing the change of the appearance color of the microcapsule 100 .
  • Each microcapsule 100 can display any one of the three primary colors, so the electronic ink layer of the present disclosure can theoretically display any color and pattern, which improves the appearance of the electronic paper and enhances the market competitiveness of the electronic paper.
  • the electronic paper further includes an electric field generating component and a magnetic field generating component 200;
  • the electric field generating component can place the microcapsule 100 in an electric field, so that the first particles in the microcapsule 100 and the second particle move in the opposite direction, and one of the first particle and the second particle covers the bottom surface of the cone for color development;
  • the magnetic field generating component 200 can make the micro
  • the capsule 100 is placed in a magnetic field so that the first particle and the second particle in the microcapsule 100 move toward the apex of the cone, and the microcapsule 100 exhibits the color of the inner side of the cone .
  • the microcapsule 100 can be made to display different colors, so that the electronic paper can theoretically display arbitrary colors and patterns.
  • the present disclosure also provides an electronic device.
  • the electronic device includes an electronic device case 1000 and the electronic paper described above; the electronic device case 1000 has an accommodation space, and the electronic paper is arranged on the In the accommodating space, and the light-emitting surface of the electronic paper faces the side away from the housing 1000 of the electronic device. Therefore, the electronic device has all the features and advantages of the aforementioned electronic paper, which will not be repeated here.
  • the electronic device of the present disclosure can display arbitrary colors and patterns, has better appearance and expressiveness, and also has an eye protection function.
  • the electronic equipment can be a mobile phone, smart watch, palmtop computer, notebook computer, laptop computer, desktop computer, portable game device, video recorder, camera, pager or printer, etc. wait.
  • the electronic device can be a mobile phone or a smart phone (for example, based on iPhone TM, a phone based on Android TM), a portable game device (such as Nintendo DS TM, PlayStation Portable TM, Gameboy Advance TM, iPhone TM), PDA, portable Internet devices, music players and data storage devices, other handheld devices and such as watches, earphones, pendants, headsets, etc.
  • electronic devices can also be other wearable devices (for example, such as electronic glasses, electronic clothes, e-bracelets, e-necklaces, e-tattoos or head-mounted devices (HMD) for smart watches).
  • HMD head-mounted devices
  • first and second are used for description purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of indicated technical features.
  • orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms “upper”, “lower”, “inner”, “outer” and so on are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application. There is no requirement that the application be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus no limitation on the application should be construed.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供了微胶囊及其制备方法、电子纸和电子设备，微胶囊的形状为锥形体，锥形体的内侧面和底面围成一腔体，底面是透明的；腔体内设有透光液体和分散在其中的多个第一颗粒和多个第二颗粒，第一颗粒和第二颗粒能够在锥形体的顶点与底面之间往复运动；其中，第一颗粒的颜色、第二颗粒的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同。

Description

微胶囊及其制备方法、电子纸和电子设备 技术领域
本公开属于电子设备技术领域，具体涉及微胶囊及其制备方法、电子纸和电子设备。
背景技术
电子纸是一种超薄、柔性、可擦写的显示屏，与LCD、OLED等其他显示技术相比，电子纸的能耗更低，在阳光下可视效果好、无死角，阳光下使用体验较好；并且由于电子纸自身不会发光，全靠反射光，因此电子纸显示的内容更加柔和，不会对眼睛造成伤害。
发明内容
本公开提供一种微胶囊，所述微胶囊的形状为锥形体，所述锥形体的内侧面和底面围成一腔体，所述底面是透明的；所述腔体内设有透光液体和分散在所述透光液体中的多个第一颗粒和多个第二颗粒，所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒能够在所述锥形体的顶点与所述底面之间往复运动；其中，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色互不相同。
本公开还提供一种制备微胶囊的方法，所述方法包括：形成锥形体的侧面，所述锥形体的内侧面限定容腔；在所述容腔中注入多个第一颗粒、多个第二颗粒和透光液体；将锥形体的底面与所述侧面进行贴合而围成一腔体，使多个所述第一颗粒、多个所述第二颗粒和所述透光液体位于所述腔体内，得到锥形的微胶囊；其中，所述底面是透明的，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色互不相同。
本公开还提供一种电子纸，包括电子墨水层，所述电子墨水层包括多个微胶囊，所述微胶囊是前文所述的微胶囊，或者是由前文所述的方法制备得到的。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，所述电子设备包括电子设备壳体和前文所述的电子纸；所述电子设备壳体具有容纳空间，所述电子纸设置在所述容纳空间中，且所述电子纸的出光面朝向远离所述电子设备壳体的一侧。
附图说明
图1是现有技术中，电泳微胶囊的通电区域正面为黑色时的结构示意图；
图2是现有技术中，电泳微胶囊的通电区域正面为白色时的结构示意图；
图3是现有技术中，基于微杯电泳技术的三色电子墨水示意图；
图4是现有技术中，基于微杯电泳技术的彩色电子墨水示意图；
图5是本公开一个实施例中，微胶囊的结构示意图；
图6是本公开一个实施例中，微胶囊的俯视图；
图7是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的结构示意图；
图8是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的俯视图；
图9是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的结构示意图；
图10是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的俯视图；
图11是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的结构示意图；
图12是本公开另一个实施例中，微胶囊的俯视图；
图13是本公开一个实施例中，制备微胶囊的方法流程图；
图14是本公开一个实施例中，制备第一颗粒和第二颗粒的方法流程图；
图15是本公开一个实施例中，制备磁性层的方法流程图；
图16是本公开一个实施例中，在形成磁性层之后，制备第一颗粒的方法流程图；
图17是本公开一个实施例中，在形成磁性层之后，制备第二颗粒的方法流程图；
图18是本公开一个实施例中，制备第一颗粒或第二颗粒的方法流程图；
图19是本公开一个实施例中，电子墨水层的结构示意图；
图20是本公开一个实施例中，电子设备的结构示意图。
附图标记说明
100-微胶囊，100a-侧面，100b-底面，110-第一颗粒，120-第二颗粒，130-透光液体，200-磁场发生组件，1000-电子设备壳体。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施例。下面描述的实施例是示例性的，仅用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。实施例中未注明具体技术或条件的，按照本领域内的文献所描述的技术或条件或者按照产品说明书进行。所用试剂未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市场购买获得的常规产品。
本公开是基于发明人对以下事实的认识和发现所做出的。
目前可用于制作电子纸显示屏的技术有电泳微胶囊、电泳微杯、电泳电子粉流、胆固醇液晶、微机电系统以及电润湿等，其中电泳微胶囊技术和电泳微杯技术能够实现大规模量产。
微胶囊电子墨水是指一系列微胶囊的集合，每颗微胶囊颗粒内部封装着带正电的白色 氧化钛颗粒、带负电的黑色碳颗粒以及电泳液，参考图1，当上层ITO导入正电且下层ITO导入负电、或者上层ITO不导电且下层ITO导入更强的负电时，微胶囊内的碳颗粒向上层聚集，氧化钛颗粒向下聚集，通电区域正面表现出的颜色为黑色；参考图2，当上层ITO导入负电且下层ITO导入正电、或者上层ITO不导电且下层ITO导入更强的正电时，微胶囊内的碳颗粒向下层聚集，氧化钛颗粒向上聚集，通电区域正面表现出的颜色为白色，并且在电压不同或者通电时间不同的情况下，正面颜色的灰度也会存在差异，可以通过管控不同的电压或者充电时间来获得不同灰度的颜色，但是其并不能显示红色、黄色等彩色。
此外，微胶囊中还可以只有黑色颗粒带电，而白色颗粒是中性态，通过外加电场控制黑色颗粒的运动，实现黑白变色。此时，由于只有黑色颗粒带电，只需要对黑色颗粒进行带电处理，成本相对较低，但是其并仍然不具备制作彩色电子墨水屏的能力。
微杯电子墨水是基于电泳微杯技术，其工作原理与微胶囊电子墨水类似，也是通过施加电场控制不同颜色的颗粒向上运动，从而显示出不同的颜色。通常三色或者是彩色的电子墨水都是基于电泳微杯技术，其中三色和彩色的微杯电子墨水结构如图3和图4所示，该方式虽然可以显示出彩色，但是存在结构复杂的缺陷。
总的来说，现有的电子纸大多只能显示黑色、白色和不同灰度的颜色，并不能显示红色、黄色等彩色，存在显示颜色单一的缺陷。另外，虽然有可显示出彩色的电子纸的报道，但是存在结构复杂的缺陷。
本公开旨在至少在一定程度上改善上述技术问题的至少之一。
为改善上述技术问题，参考图5和图6，本公开提供一种微胶囊100，微胶囊100的形状为锥形体，锥形体的内侧面100a和底面100b围成一腔体，底面100b是透明的；腔体内设有透光液体130和分散在透光液体130中的多个第一颗粒110和多个第二颗粒120，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120能够在锥形体的顶点与底面100b之间往复运动；其中，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同。由此，微胶囊100可以通过第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120的往复运动显示不同的颜色。具体地，当第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120均运动至顶点所在的位置时，锥形体显示的颜色是内侧面所具有的颜色，从锥形体底面100b的正上方观察，实际上微胶囊100的内部具有与内侧面颜色不同的小点，该小点是第一颗粒110与第二颗粒120，但由于该点很小，肉眼无法观察到，因此整体上微胶囊100显示的颜色是内侧面的颜色；当多个第一颗粒110运动至底面100b所在的位置时，多个第一颗粒110可以将底面100b铺满，此时微胶囊100显示的颜色为第一颗粒110的颜色；当多个第二颗粒120运动至底面100b所在的位置时，多个第二颗粒120可以将底面100b铺满，此时锥形体显示的颜色为第二颗粒120的颜色。由此，通过第一颗粒110和第二颗 粒120的运动，可以使微胶囊100显示出不同的颜色，而且，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色可以是彩色，微胶囊100可以显示彩色；由此，本公开的微胶囊可以使电子纸能够显示任意的彩色色彩和图案，提升了外观表现力。
根据本公开的实施例，形成锥形体底面100b的材料是透明的，由此，底面100b不影响内侧面、第一颗粒110、第二颗粒120颜色的呈现，进一步提升了微胶囊100的外观效果。
根据本公开的实施例，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120具有电荷和磁性；第一颗粒110的电荷与第二颗粒120的电荷不同。由此，通过控制带电的第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120在电场下定向运动，通过控制具有磁性的第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120在磁场下定向运动，可以使微胶囊100显示出不同的颜色，例如，可以使微胶囊100显示出红色、绿色、蓝色的任意一种颜色。每个微胶囊100相当于一个可以显示红色或绿色或蓝色的像素，进而由该微胶囊100制备的电子墨水屏能够实现任意色彩和图案的显示，减少常用LCD或OLED屏对眼睛的伤害。
第二颗粒120可以具有正电荷或负电荷，此处用第二颗粒120具有正电荷、第一颗粒110具有负电荷进行示例性说明。具体地，参考图7，当对锥形体底面100b的平面施加负电荷，而给锥形体顶点的位置处施加正电荷时，此时具有负电荷的第一颗粒110会由于静电吸引作用整体向锥形体顶点的区域移动聚集，具有正电荷的第二颗粒120会由于静电吸引作用整体向锥形体底面100b的平面区域移动聚集，多个第二颗粒120之间的润滑度较高，因此多个第二颗粒120能够在底面100b所在的平面区域铺展开来，即第二颗粒120可以将底面100b铺满，此时，参考图8，从锥形体的上方看，锥形体的形状是圆形，微胶囊100整体呈现第二颗粒120的颜色。
参考图9，当对锥形体底面100b的平面区域施加正电荷，而给锥形体顶点的位置处施加负电荷时，此时具有正电荷的第二颗粒120会由于静电吸引作用整体向锥形体顶点的区域移动聚集，具有负电荷的第一颗粒110会由于静电吸引作用整体向锥形体底面100b的平面区域移动聚集，多个第一颗粒110之间的润滑度较高，因此多个第一颗粒110能够在底面100b所在的平面区域铺展开来，即第一颗粒110可以将底面100b铺满，此时，参考图10，从锥形体的上方看，锥形体的形状是圆形，微胶囊100整体呈现第一颗粒110的颜色。
参考图11，当锥形体顶点处设置有磁场发生组件200时，该磁场发生组件200可以使微胶囊100置于磁场中，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120均具有磁性，在磁场的作用下，此时第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120全部向锥形体顶点的区域移动聚集，此时，参考图12，从锥形体的上方看，整个锥形体的形状是圆形，具有内侧面的颜色，实际上圆形的中间有许多与内侧面颜色不同的小点(第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120)，但是小点的尺寸相对于整个 圆形来说很小，肉眼几乎观察不到，因此，此时微胶囊100的俯视图整体呈现的颜色是内侧面的颜色。
根据本公开的实施例，第一颗粒110与第二颗粒120的体积之和与锥形体的总体积的比值为20-50％。由此，可以更好地使微胶囊100实现不同颜色的转变，微胶囊100具有更好的显示效果。如果上述比值过小，即第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120的含量过少，第一颗粒110或第二颗粒120运动至底面100b所在的位置时，第一颗粒110或第二颗粒120铺展开也不能完全将底面100b的区域填满，使得锥形体显示的颜色不能完全显示第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色，影响微胶囊100的显示效果；如果上述比值过大，即第一颗粒110和所述第二颗粒120的含量过多，当第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120运动至顶点所在的位置时，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120均聚集到顶点处，顶点处聚集的颗粒很多，此时从微胶囊100的上方看，可能会造成与内侧面颜色不同的区域较大，影响显色，此时除了内侧面的颜色之外，还可能观察到与内侧面颜色不同的颜色(第一颗粒110的颜色和第二颗粒120的颜色)，影响微胶囊100的显示效果。
根据本公开的一些实施例，透光液体130包括溶剂、稳定剂以及电荷控制剂，溶剂可以为四氟乙烯，稳定剂可以为Span80，电荷控制剂可以为聚异丁烯琥珀酰亚胺等。
根据本公开的实施例，底面100b上任意两点之间的最长距离为10-100微米，例如可以为10微米、15微米、20微米、25微米、30微米、35微米、40微米、45微米、50微米、55微米、60微米、65微米、70微米、75微米、80微米、85微米、90微米、95微米、100微米。由此，可以更好地使微胶囊100实现不同颜色的转变，微胶囊100具有更好的显示效果。如果上述距离过小，锥形体的底面尺寸过小，会增加生产成本。如果上述距离过大，会导致微胶囊的显示效果较差。
根据本公开的实施例，锥形体的顶点与底面100b的距离为10-100微米，例如可以为10微米、15微米、20微米、25微米、30微米、35微米、40微米、45微米、50微米、55微米、60微米、65微米、70微米、75微米、80微米、85微米、90微米、95微米、100微米。由此，位于锥形体的顶点的第一颗粒110或第二颗粒120可以快速的运动到底面100b，进一步加快了变色的响应速度。
根据本公开的实施例，第一颗粒110的粒径与第二颗粒120的粒径可以相同或不同，彼此独立地选自1-10微米，例如可以为1微米、2微米、3微米、4微米、5微米、6微米、7微米、8微米、9微米或10微米。
根据本公开的实施例，锥形体包括圆锥体、棱锥的至少一种，其中，棱锥又称角锥，是三维多面体的一种，由多边形各个顶点向它所在的平面外一点依次连直线段而构成。例 如，棱锥可以包括三棱锥、四棱锥、五棱锥、六棱锥、七棱锥、八棱锥、九棱锥，棱锥还包括边数大于等于10的多边形的各个顶点向它所在的平面外一点依次连直线段而构成的多面体，在此不再一一赘述。
本公开对锥形体的具体形状不作限制，本领域技术人员可以根据具体需求进行选择。应当理解，锥形体的具体形状不影响微胶囊的颜色，即不影响微胶囊的外观效果，具体地，锥形体的具体形状不同时，当第一颗粒和第二颗粒运动到锥形体的顶点时，从微胶囊的上方观察时，都可以使微胶囊显示内侧面的颜色。
根据本公开的一些实施例，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色可以选自红色、绿色或蓝色，同时需要满足第一颗粒110、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同。也就是说，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色可以有多种组合方式，只要能够满足微胶囊100能够显示出红色、绿色、蓝色的任意一种颜色即可。因此，本公开的微胶囊100能显示三原色的任意一种颜色，进而可以使电子纸能够显示任意的彩色色彩和图案。
示例性的，第一颗粒110的颜色可以为红色，第二颗粒120的颜色可以为绿色，内侧面的颜色可以为蓝色。由此，微胶囊100能够显示出红色、绿色、蓝色的任意一种颜色，进而包含上述微胶囊100的电子纸能够实现任意色彩和图案的显示。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第一颗粒110包含极化的碳粉，第一颗粒110带负电；第二颗粒120包含极化的二氧化钛，第二颗粒120带正电。
在本公开的另一些实施例中，第一颗粒110可以带有正电，第二颗粒120可以带有负电。
根据本公开的实施例，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120上均具有磁性层，形成所述磁性层的材料包括Ni、Fe、Co的至少一种。由此，第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120可以在磁场中定向运动。
本公开还提供一种制备微胶囊100的方法，参考图13和图18，所述方法包括：
S100、形成锥形体的侧面，锥形体的内侧面构成容腔
本公开对形成锥形体侧面的方式不作限制，例如可以通过以下方式制备侧面：对基材进行冲压处理，形成容腔，将具有容腔的基材作为锥形体的侧面。本公开对冲压处理的工艺和参数不作限制，只要能够形成容腔即可。
S200、在容腔中注入多个第一颗粒、多个第二颗粒和透光液体
根据本公开的一些实施例，参考图14，所述方法还包括通过以下方式形成第一颗粒和第二颗粒：
S210、在颗粒的外表面形成磁性层
本公开对颗粒的材质不作限制，本领域技术人员可以根据需要进行选择。例如，颗粒的材质可以为玻璃。
根据本公开的一些实施例，形成第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120的方法还包括对颗粒进行表面改性的步骤，具体地，表面改性步骤可以在形成磁性层之前进行，也可以在形成磁性层之后进行。表面改性的目的是让颗粒与颗粒分离，在锥形体的底面铺展时不会重叠堆积。具体地，表面改性的方法包括喷雾法和熔化分散冷凝法等物理方法，以及吸附法、接枝聚合法和乳液聚合法等化学方法。
根据本公开的一些实施例，参考图15，所述在颗粒的外表面形成磁性层，包括：
S211、在基板的一侧形成胶层
本公开对胶层的材料、形成胶层的工艺不作限制，本领域技术人员可以根据使用需求进行选择。
S212、将颗粒粘合到胶层远离基板的一侧，使颗粒的至少部分表面未被胶层覆盖
根据本公开的一些实施例，胶层的厚度小于颗粒的直径，由此，可以使颗粒的一部分埋在胶层中，即颗粒的一部分被胶层覆盖，颗粒的另一部分露在外面，即颗粒的另一部分未被胶层覆盖。
示例性的，胶层的厚度与颗粒的直径的比值可以大于等于2/3，且小于等于3/4。由此，既可以使颗粒牢固的粘附在胶层中，又可以保证颗粒的一部分未被胶层覆盖。
S213、在未被胶层覆盖的颗粒的外表面形成磁性层
形成磁性层的材料可以为Ni、Fe、Co的至少一种。通过该步骤，可以使颗粒具有磁性，保证颗粒能在磁场中定向运动。
在形成了磁性层之后，参考图14，形成第一颗粒和形成第二颗粒还包括：
S220、在磁性层上形成涂层、极化，使颗粒带有电荷；对颗粒进行染色，使颗粒具有颜色
其中，制备第一颗粒110的涂层与制备第二颗粒120的涂层不同，进而使第一颗粒110的电荷与第二颗粒120的电荷不同。对第一颗粒110染色的颜色与对第二颗粒120染色的颜色不同。
根据本公开的一些实施例，参考图16，在形成磁性层之后，形成所述第一颗粒110包括：
S221、在磁性层上形成碳粉涂层
本公开对形成碳粉涂层的具体工艺不作限制，本领域技术人员可以根据使用需求进行 选择。
S222、溶解胶层，对附着有碳粉涂层和磁性层的颗粒进行染色，使其具有第一颜色
示例性的，可以将附着有碳粉涂层和磁性层的颗粒染成绿色，但是不限于此，也可以染成其他颜色(红色或蓝色)，只要满足制备形成的第一颗粒的颜色与第二颗粒的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同即可。
S223、对具有第一颜色的颗粒进行极化处理，得到带负电的第一颗粒。
碳粉涂层进行极化后带负电荷。示例性的，经过处理后，第一颗粒的颜色为绿色，带有负电荷。
应当理解，以上仅是对第一颗粒的颜色进行示例性说明，第一颗粒的颜色并不限于绿色，第一颗粒的颜色也可以是红色或蓝色，只要保证第一颗粒的颜色、第二颗粒的颜色、内侧面的颜色不同即可。
根据本公开的一些实施例，参考图17，在形成磁性层之后，形成第二颗粒包括：
S224、在磁性层上形成二氧化钛涂层
本公开对形成二氧化钛涂层的具体工艺不作限制，本领域技术人员可以根据使用需求进行选择。
S225、溶解胶层，对附着有二氧化钛涂层和磁性层的颗粒进行染色，使其具有第二颜色
示例性的，可以将附着有二氧化钛涂层和磁性层的颗粒染成红色。但是不限于此，也可以染成其他颜色(绿色或蓝色)，只要满足制备形成的第二颗粒的颜色与第一颗粒的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同即可。
S226、对具有第二颜色的颗粒进行极化处理，得到带正电的第二颗粒。
二氧化钛涂层进行极化后带正电荷。示例性的，经过处理后，第二颗粒的颜色为红色，带有正电荷。
应当理解，以上仅是对第二颗粒的颜色进行示例性说明，第二颗粒的颜色并不限于红色，第二颗粒的颜色也可以是绿色或蓝色，只要保证第一颗粒的颜色、第二颗粒的颜色、内侧面的颜色不同即可。
在形成了第一颗粒和第二颗粒之后，参考图13，制备微胶囊100的方法还包括：
S300、将锥形体的底面与侧面进行贴合而围成一腔体，使多个第一颗粒、多个第二颗粒和透光液体位于腔体内，得到锥形的微胶囊
其中，底面是透明的，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色互不相同。
由此，由该方法制备得到的微胶囊可以显示不同的颜色，进而可以使电子纸能够显示任意的彩色色彩和图案，提升了外观表现力。此外，该方法还具有工艺简单、容易实现、生产成本低等优点。
在本公开的一些实施例中，由上述方法制备得到的微胶囊具有前文所述的微胶囊的全部技术特征，由此，上述方法具有前文所述的微胶囊所具有的全部特征和优点，在此不再赘述。
在本公开的一些实施例中，第一颗粒110的颜色、第二颗粒120的颜色、内侧面的颜色选自红色、绿色或蓝色，由该方法制备得到的微胶囊可以实现红色、绿色或蓝色的任意一种颜色，即本公开方法制备的微胶囊能显示三原色的任意一种颜色，进而可以使电子纸能够显示任意的彩色色彩和图案。
本公开还提供一种电子纸，包括电子墨水层，所述电子墨水层包括多个微胶囊，其中微胶囊是前文所述的微胶囊100，或者由前文所述的方法制备得到的。由此，该电子纸具有前文所述的微胶囊100所具有的全部特征和优点，在此不再赘述。总的来说，微胶囊100可以显示不同的颜色，通过电路可以控制每一个锥形体的颜色，进而电子墨水层能够显示任意的彩色图案，外观表现力更好，具有护眼功能，大大提升了电子纸的市场竞争力，减少常用LCD或OLED屏对眼睛的伤害。
具体地，图19是电子墨水层的俯视图，参考图19，电子墨水层包括在同一平面内分布的多个微胶囊100，每一个微胶囊100都具有一个微型锥形体状的空腔结构，通过电场和磁场的作用，可以使得带不同颜色的第一颗粒110和第二颗粒120在锥形体的内部上下运动，进而实现微胶囊100的外观颜色变化。每个微胶囊100都能显示三原色的任意一种颜色，因此本公开的电子墨水层在理论上能够显示任意的颜色和图案，提高了电子纸的外观效果，提升了电子纸的市场竞争力。
根据本公开的实施例，所述电子纸还包括电场发生组件和磁场发生组件200；电场发生组件可使所述微胶囊100置于电场中，使所述微胶囊100中的所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒朝相反方向移动，所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒中的一种铺满所述锥形体的底面，进行显色；所述磁场发生组件200可使所述微胶囊100置于磁场中，使所述微胶囊100中的所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒朝所述锥形体的顶点移动，所述微胶囊100呈现所述锥形体的内侧面的颜色。由此，通过控制电场发生组件和磁场发生组件200，可以使微胶囊100显示不同的颜色，进而使电子纸在理论上能够显示任意的颜色和图案。
本公开还提供一种电子设备，参考图20，所述电子设备包括电子设备壳体1000和前文所述的电子纸；所述电子设备壳体1000具有容纳空间，所述电子纸设置在所述容纳空间中， 且所述电子纸的出光面朝向远离电子设备壳体1000的一侧。由此，该电子设备具有前文所述的电子纸所具有的全部特征和优点，在此不再赘述。总的来说，本公开的电子设备能够实现显示任意色彩和图案的功能，外观表现力更好，同时还具有护眼功能。
本申请对电子设备的具体类型不受特别限制，例如，电子设备可以为手机、智能手表、掌上电脑、笔记本电脑、膝上型计算机、台式计算机、便携式游戏设备、录像机、照相机、寻呼机或者打印机等等。具体的，电子设备可以为移动电话或智能电话(例如，基于iPhone TM，基于Android TM的电话)，便携式游戏设备(例如Nintendo DS TM，PlayStation Portable TM，Gameboy Advance TM，iPhone TM)、PDA、便携式互联网设备、音乐播放器以及数据存储设备，其他手持设备以及诸如手表、入耳式耳机、吊坠、头戴式耳机等，电子设备还可以为其他的可穿戴设备(例如，诸如电子眼镜、电子衣服、电子手镯、电子项链、电子纹身或智能手表的头戴式设备(HMD))。
以上详细描述了本申请的实施方式，但是，本申请并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节，在本申请的技术构思范围内，可以对本申请的技术方案进行多种简单变型，这些简单变型均属于本申请的保护范围。另外需要说明的是，在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征，在不矛盾的情况下，可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。
需要说明的是，本说明书中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。在本申请的描述中，术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请而不是要求本申请必须以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施例，可以理解的是，上述实施例是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施例进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种微胶囊，其特征在于，所述微胶囊的形状为锥形体，所述锥形体的内侧面和底面围成一腔体，所述底面是透明的；
    所述腔体内设有透光液体和分散在所述透光液体中的多个第一颗粒和多个第二颗粒，所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒能够在所述锥形体的顶点与所述底面之间往复运动；
    其中，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色互不相同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒具有磁性和电荷；
    所述第一颗粒的电荷与所述第二颗粒的电荷不同。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒与所述第二颗粒的体积之和与所述锥形体的总体积的比值为20-50％。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述透光液体包括溶剂、稳定剂以及电荷控制剂。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述底面上任意两点之间的最长距离为10-100微米；所述锥形体的顶点与所述底面的距离为10-100微米。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒的粒径、所述第二颗粒的粒径分别为1-10微米。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述锥形体包括圆锥体、棱锥的至少一种。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色分别选自红色、绿色或蓝色。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒均包括磁性层，形成所述磁性层的材料包括Ni、Fe、Co的至少一种。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的微胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒包含极化的碳粉，所述第一颗粒带负电；
    所述第二颗粒包含极化的二氧化钛，所述第二颗粒带正电。
  11. 一种制备微胶囊的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    形成锥形体的侧面，所述锥形体的内侧面限定容腔；
    在所述容腔中注入多个第一颗粒、多个第二颗粒和透光液体；
    将锥形体的底面与所述侧面进行贴合而围成一腔体，使多个所述第一颗粒、多个所述第二颗粒和所述透光液体位于所述腔体内，得到锥形的微胶囊；
    其中，所述底面是透明的，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色互不相同。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一颗粒的颜色、所述第二颗粒的颜色、所述内侧面的颜色分别选自红色、绿色或蓝色。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括通过以下方式形成所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒：
    在颗粒的外表面形成磁性层；
    在所述磁性层上形成涂层、极化，使所述颗粒带有电荷；
    对所述颗粒进行染色，使所述颗粒具有颜色；
    其中，制备所述第一颗粒的涂层与制备所述第二颗粒的涂层不同，使所述第一颗粒的电荷与所述第二颗粒的电荷不同。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述在颗粒的外表面形成磁性层，包括：
    在基板的一侧形成胶层；
    将颗粒粘合到所述胶层远离所述基板的一侧，使所述颗粒的至少部分表面未被所述胶层覆盖；
    在未被所述胶层覆盖的所述颗粒的外表面形成磁性层。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述胶层的厚度与所述颗粒的直径的比值大于等于2/3，且小于等于3/4。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在形成磁性层之后，形成所述第一颗粒包括：
    在所述磁性层上形成碳粉涂层；
    溶解所述胶层，对附着有所述碳粉涂层和所述磁性层的颗粒进行染色，使其具有第一颜色；
    对具有第一颜色的所述颗粒进行极化处理，得到带负电的第一颗粒。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，在形成磁性层之后，形成所述第二颗粒包括：
    在所述磁性层上形成二氧化钛涂层；
    溶解所述胶层，对附着有所述二氧化钛涂层和所述磁性层的颗粒进行染色，使其具有第二颜色；
    对具有第二颜色的所述颗粒进行极化处理，得到带正电的第二颗粒。
  18. 一种电子纸，其特征在于，包括电子墨水层，所述电子墨水层包括多个微胶囊；所述微胶囊是权利要求1-10中任一项所述的微胶囊，或者是由权利要求11-17任一项所述的方法制备得到的。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电子纸，其特征在于，所述电子纸还包括电场发生组件和磁场发生组件；
    所述电场发生组件可使所述微胶囊置于电场中，使所述微胶囊中的所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒朝相反方向移动，所述第一颗粒、所述第二颗粒中的一种铺满所述锥形体的底面，进行显色；
    所述磁场发生组件可使所述微胶囊置于磁场中，使所述微胶囊中的所述第一颗粒和所述第二颗粒朝所述锥形体的顶点移动，所述微胶囊呈现所述锥形体的内侧面的颜色。
  20. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备包括电子设备壳体和权利要求18或19所述的电子纸；
    所述电子设备壳体具有容纳空间，所述电子纸设置在所述容纳空间中，且所述电子纸的出光面朝向远离所述电子设备壳体的一侧。
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