WO2023149199A1 - Linear friction welding method - Google Patents
Linear friction welding method Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023149199A1 WO2023149199A1 PCT/JP2023/001191 JP2023001191W WO2023149199A1 WO 2023149199 A1 WO2023149199 A1 WO 2023149199A1 JP 2023001191 W JP2023001191 W JP 2023001191W WO 2023149199 A1 WO2023149199 A1 WO 2023149199A1
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- joined
- deburring jig
- friction welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a linear friction welding method using linear frictional heat generation between materials to be welded.
- linear friction welding in which metal members are slid together in a linear trajectory, does not require the use of a tool, unlike friction stir welding (FSW: Friction Stir Welding).
- FSW Friction Stir Welding
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-122343
- a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member, and applying pressure substantially perpendicular to the bonded interface is applied, one member and the other member are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to discharge burrs from the interface to be joined.
- At least one of the one member and the other member is a thin plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less, and the pressure is set to the yield stress of the thin plate or higher at the bonding temperature to remove burrs.
- a characteristic linear friction welding method is disclosed, which enables the formation of good joints even with thin plates.
- an object of the present invention is to provide a linear friction welding method that can easily and simply remove burrs.
- the present invention a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member; a second step of repeatedly sliding the one member and the other member on the same trajectory while applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be bonded, thereby removing burrs from the interface to be bonded; , and a third step of stopping the sliding to form a joint surface,
- the first step the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are separated from each other while a deburring jig is in contact with both side surfaces of the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined.
- the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of the one workpiece is (D 1 ), and the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be welded of the other workpiece. is (D 2 ), the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) is the distance between the one workpiece and the other workpiece when the third step is completed.
- the greatest feature of the linear friction welding method of the present invention is that, at the end of the joining process, the burr is removed by pinching it with the tip of a deburring jig.
- the first step there are cases where both workpieces are arranged protruding from the deburring jig, and cases where one workpiece is housed inside the deburring jig. is also included in the linear friction welding method of the present invention.
- burrs are completely removed by shearing, burrs that are not completely removed from the joint interface are also included in the linear friction welding method of the present invention. Even if the burr is not completely removed, it can be easily removed by applying an appropriate external stress because the base of the burr is sufficiently thin.
- the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are arranged so as to protrude from the tip portion of the deburring jig;
- the projection length of the one workpiece from the tip portion is (L 1 ) and the projection length of the other workpiece from the tip portion is (L 2 )
- the end portion of the deburring jig that comes into contact in the third step has a single-edged shape.
- the single-edged shape to be applied is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and various single-edged shapes used in metal shearing tools and the like can be used.
- the shape of the cutting edge formed at the end of the deburring jig is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and various conventionally known cutting edge shapes can be used.
- the burr is soft, it is preferable to reduce the tip angle, and when the burr is hard, it is preferable to increase the tip angle.
- only the cutting edge may be coated with a hard coating, and only the cutting edge may be replaceable.
- the deburring jig is made of tool steel.
- the material of the deburring jig is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. By doing so, it is possible to secure shearing performance, life, reliability, etc. in a well-balanced manner.
- the one material to be welded and/or the other material to be welded are steel materials.
- the area softened by the temperature rise is expelled as burrs, and then cooled to form martensite or bainite, resulting in high hardness.
- shearing can be performed before the burrs are cooled (in a softened state), so burrs can be easily removed even from steel materials.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a state in which a deburring jig 2 is brought into contact with a material to be joined;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing one aspect of the tip shape of the deburring jig 2;
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing one aspect of the tip shape of the deburring jig 2;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a joining step of the friction joining method of the present invention using a deburring jig 2;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment in which the deburring jig 2 is brought into contact with the material to be joined.
- FIG. 10 is an appearance photograph of a deburring jig after linear friction welding in Example 3.
- FIG. 10 is an appearance photograph of a deburring jig after linear friction welding in Example 4.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic view showing one mode of a deburring jig used in the linear friction welding method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a state in which the deburring jig 2 is brought into contact with the material to be joined.
- the deburring jig 2 has a substantially flat plate shape, and the material to be welded 4 is placed in the linear friction welding apparatus with the deburring jig 2 abutting on both sides thereof.
- the shape of the deburring jig 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can tightly fix the material to be joined 4 and can press the burr with its tip, as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. It is preferable that
- an appropriate cutting edge angle may be provided according to the material, mechanical properties, etc. of the workpiece 4 and the deburring jig 2 . More specifically, if the strength of the burr during shearing is sufficiently lower than that of the cutting edge, the cutting edge angle can be reduced. On the other hand, if the strength of the burr is relatively high, it is preferable to increase the edge angle.
- the tip shape of the deburring jig 2 is not limited to a linear shape as long as the tip portions of the deburring jig 2 facing each other are fitted together when cutting the burr.
- the burr cutting effect can be further improved by forming the front end portion of the deburring jig 2 into a shape as shown in FIGS.
- the material of the deburring jig 2 is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention.
- shear performance, service life, reliability, etc. can be secured in a well-balanced manner.
- titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity, suppresses cooling of burrs, and can cut higher temperature (softer) burrs.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the joining process of the friction-joining method of the present invention using the deburring jig 2 .
- the linear friction welding method of the present invention comprises a first step of bringing one member 10 into contact with the other member 12 to form a joint interface 14 , and applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the joint interface 14 . is applied, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to remove burrs 16 from the interface 14 to be joined, and the sliding is stopped. and a third step of forming a joint surface and removing the burr 16 . Each step will be described in detail below.
- the first step is a step of forming a joint interface 14 by bringing one member 10 to be joined into contact with the other member 12 to be joined.
- One member to be joined 10 and/or the other member to be joined 12 is moved to a location where a joint is desired to be formed, and the surfaces to be joined are brought into contact with each other to form a joint interface 14 .
- the method of holding the workpieces (10, 12) sandwiched by the deburring jig 2 on a linear friction welding device is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It may be firmly fixed by various conventionally known methods.
- the materials to be welded (10, 12) sandwiched by the deburring jig 2 are inserted into the sample fixing portion (recess) of the linear friction welding apparatus, and stress is applied from the upper and lower and/or left and right surfaces by an appropriate method. to fix it.
- one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are separated with the deburring jig 2 in contact with both side surfaces of the member to be joined 10 and the member to be joined 12 on the other side. are opposed to each other, and the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) from the two ends of the deburring jig to the interface 14 to be joined is It is set to the total length of the approach margin of the material 10 and the other material 12 to be joined.
- one workpiece 10 may be arranged inside the deburring jig 2 as shown in FIG.
- the tip of the other workpiece 12 is inserted into the deburring jig 2 that sandwiches the workpiece 10 .
- the distance (D 1 ) from the two ends of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of one of the members to be joined 10 has a negative value.
- one workpiece 10 and the other workpiece 12 are arranged so as to protrude from the tip of the deburring jig 2, and the protrusion length of one workpiece 10 from the tip is ( L 1 ), and (L 2 ) the protrusion length of the other workpiece 12 from the tip, the total length (L T 1 ) is preferably set to the total length of the shift margins of one member 10 to be joined and the other member 12 to be joined when the third step is completed.
- the first step there are cases where both of the materials to be bonded are arranged protruding from the deburring jig 2 and cases where one of the materials to be bonded is located inside the deburring jig 2.
- the material to be joined is protruded from the deburring jig 2, and at the end of the joining process, the burrs are pressed against each other by the tips of the deburring jig 2, so that shear stress can be applied to the base of the burrs, and more reliable Burrs can be removed.
- the Burrs can be reliably removed.
- the one member to be joined 10 and/or the other member to be joined 12 is made of steel.
- the area softened by the temperature rise is discharged as burrs 16, and then cooled to form martensite and bainite, resulting in high hardness.
- the burrs 16 can be sheared (in a softened state) before they are cooled, so burrs can be easily removed even from steel materials.
- Second step In the second step, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory while pressure is applied substantially perpendicularly to the interface 14 to be joined. In this step, the burr 16 is ejected from the interface 14 to be joined substantially parallel and substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction.
- the method of repeatedly sliding one member 10 to be joined and the other member 12 to be joined on the same locus is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. , one may be fixed and the other may be vibrated.
- the bonding temperature is controlled by setting the pressure at the time of linear friction welding to the yield stress or more and the tensile strength or less of the one workpiece 10 and/or the other workpiece 12 at the desired bonding temperature. be able to.
- the one workpiece 10 and/or the other workpiece 12 can be used to determine the junction temperature.
- burrs 16 are started to be discharged from the joint interface 14, and the pressure is increased until the tensile strength is reached. , the discharge of the burr 16 is accelerated. Similar to the yield stress, the tensile strength at a specific temperature is also substantially constant depending on the materials to be joined, so a joining temperature corresponding to the set pressure can be achieved.
- the fact that the bonding temperature can be determined by the pressure means that the temperature of the burr 16 at the moment it is ejected from the interface 14 to be bonded can be controlled. That is, the pressure can be used to control the strength and hardness of the burr 16 when pressed by the tip of the deburring jig 2 in the third step. It is sufficient to lower the temperature and raise the bonding temperature.
- FIG. 7 shows the deformation stress (yield stress) of carbon steel at each temperature
- Fig. 8 shows the tensile strength of various metals at each temperature.
- FIG. 7 is a graph published in "Tetsu to Hagane, 67th (1981) No. 11, p. 140", and FIG. This is the graph published in As shown in these figures, the tensile strength and yield stress at a specific temperature are approximately constant for each material. That is, by creating a database of such data for the materials to be joined, joining at an arbitrary temperature (discharge of the burr 16 at an arbitrary temperature) can be performed efficiently and easily.
- the pressure at the time of joining When the pressure at the time of joining is set high, the material to be joined with higher yield strength and tensile strength can be discharged as burrs 16, and the joining temperature can be lowered. On the other hand, when the pressure at the time of joining is set to be low, the material to be joined having lower yield strength and lower tensile strength can be discharged as burrs 16 . Also, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the tensile strength and yield stress at a specific temperature are substantially constant depending on the material, so the bonding pressure is set based on the temperature dependence of the strength of the material to be bonded. Thus, the bonding temperature and the temperature of the burr 16 can be controlled very accurately.
- welding parameters other than pressure is not limited, and may be appropriately set depending on the material, shape, size, etc. of the material to be joined.
- welding parameters other than pressure (frequency and amplitude of vibration of the material to be welded, welding time, overlap, etc.).
- the third step is a step of stopping the sliding in the second step to form a joint surface and removing the burr 16 with the tip of the deburring jig 2 .
- a good bonded body can be obtained by stopping the sliding after the burr 16 has been discharged from the entire surface of the interface 14 to be bonded.
- the pressure applied to the materials to be joined in the second step may be maintained as it is, or may be set to a higher value for the purpose of removing the burr 16 and making the new surface contact more strongly.
- the bonding area increases in the bonding process, the pressure decreases and the bonding temperature may rise unintentionally, but increasing the pressure P can suppress this phenomenon.
- the greatest feature of the linear friction welding of the present invention is that, at the end of the third step, the burrs 16 are pressed against each other by the tips of the deburring jig 2, thereby removing the burrs 16 or making them easy to remove.
- the first step the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) from the tip of the deburring jig 2 to the interface 14 to be joined is Since the length is set to the total length of the overlap between the bonding material 10 and the other workpiece 12, the burr 16 can be reliably pressed by the tip of the deburring jig 2 at the end of the third step. can.
- JIS-S45C 0.48% C-0.77% Mn-0.23% Si-0.08% Cr
- Fig. 9 shows the state where the deburring jig is placed on the medium carbon steel thin plate.
- the medium-carbon steel plates with deburring jigs made of tool steel are in contact with each other on both sides, the medium-carbon steel plates are held firmly on the sample fixing part of the linear friction welding device in a state of facing each other, and then the end faces of the medium-carbon steel plates are brought into contact with each other. , to form a bonded interface (first step).
- the projecting lengths of the one medium carbon steel sheet and the other medium carbon steel sheet from the tip of the deburring jig were both set to 2 mm.
- a total of four deburring jigs are used, but the size, shape and material of the deburring jigs are all the same, and the ends are single-edged.
- one medium carbon steel thin plate and the other medium carbon steel thin plate are repeatedly slid on the same locus, and from the interface to be joined, Burrs were removed (second step).
- the frequency of sliding in the second step was 50 Hz
- the amplitude was 1 mm
- the approach margin was 3.5 mm.
- the value of the approach margin is the sum of the protrusion lengths described above.
- the sliding was stopped at the point of reaching a margin of 3.5 mm to form a joint interface (third step).
- the burr discharged from the joint interface was pinched by the tip of the deburring jig and naturally separated from the joint interface.
- FIG. 11 A photograph of the appearance of the obtained joint is shown in FIG. 11 and a graph of the height distribution are shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, respectively. Only a convex portion having a height of about 0.3 mm was formed around the joint interface, and it can be seen that the burr was removed satisfactorily by the deburring jig. Also, no deformation or damage was observed at the tip of the deburring jig after deburring.
- Example 2>> Medium-carbon steel thin plates were linearly friction-welded in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the tip of the deburring jig had a vertical cross section and did not have a single-edged shape.
- FIG. 14 A photograph of the appearance of the obtained joint is shown in FIG. 14 and a graph of height distribution are shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, respectively.
- a convex portion having a maximum height of about 1.2 mm was formed around the joint interface, and although the burrs were removed at the same time as the sliding stopped, a slightly larger convex portion remained as compared with Example 1. No deformation or damage was observed at the tip of the deburring jig after deburring.
- Example 3>> Medium-carbon steel thin plates were joined by linear friction welding in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the deburring jig was made of steatite (MgO.SiO 2 ).
- Fig. 16 shows a photograph of the deburring jig after linear friction welding. It can be seen that the deburring jig removed the burrs at the same time as the sliding stopped, but the tip of the deburring jig was damaged.
- Example 4>> Medium carbon steel thin plates were linear friction welded together in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the deburring jig was made of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
- Fig. 17 shows a photograph of the deburring jig after linear friction welding.
- the deburring jig removed the burrs at the same time as the sliding stopped, but the tip of the deburring jig was severely damaged.
Abstract
Provided is a linear friction welding method capable of easily and simply removing burrs. Provided is a linear friction welding method characterized by comprising: a first step for bringing one member into contact with another member to form an interface to be welded; a second step for repeatedly sliding the one member and the other member on the same trajectory in a state in which pressure is applied substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be welded, and discharging burrs from the interface to be welded; and a third step for forming a welded surface by stopping the sliding. In the first step, one material to be welded and another material to be welded are arranged to face each other in a state in which a deburring jig is brought into contact with both side surfaces of the one material to be welded and the other material to be welded, and, when the distance from a tip of the deburring jig to a surface to be welded of the one material to be welded is represented as (D1) and the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to a surface to be welded of the other material to be welded is represented as (D2), a total distance (DT) of the distance (D1) and the distance (D2) is set as a total burn-off length at completion of the third step. In the third step, burrs are sheared by the tip of the opposing deburring jig, and the burrs which are discharged from the interface to be welded are removed.
Description
本発明は被接合材同士の線形摩擦発熱を用いた線形摩擦接合方法に関する。
The present invention relates to a linear friction welding method using linear frictional heat generation between materials to be welded.
鋼やアルミニウム合金等の金属材料の高強度化に伴い、接合構造物の機械的特性を決定する接合部での強度低下が深刻な問題となっている。これに対し、近年、接合中の最高到達温度が被接合材の融点に達せず、接合部における強度低下が従来の溶融溶接と比較して小さい固相接合法が注目され、急速に実用化が進んでいる。
With the increasing strength of metal materials such as steel and aluminum alloys, the decrease in strength at joints that determine the mechanical properties of joined structures has become a serious problem. On the other hand, in recent years, attention has been focused on the solid-phase joining method, in which the maximum temperature during joining does not reach the melting point of the material to be joined, and the decrease in strength at the joint is smaller than in conventional fusion welding, and it is rapidly being put into practical use. progressing.
特に、金属部材同士を線形軌跡で摺動させる線形摩擦接合（ＬＦＷ：Ｌｉｎｅａｒ Ｆｒｉｃｔｉｏｎ Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ）は、摩擦攪拌接合（ＦＳＷ：Ｆｒｉｃｔｉｏｎ Ｓｔｉｒ Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ）のようにツールを用いる必要がないことから、高融点金属にも容易に適用することができ、種々の産業における実用化が期待されている。
In particular, linear friction welding (LFW: Linear Friction Welding), in which metal members are slid together in a linear trajectory, does not require the use of a tool, unlike friction stir welding (FSW: Friction Stir Welding). can be easily applied, and is expected to be put to practical use in various industries.
例えば、特許文献１（特開２０１８－１２２３４３号公報）には、一方の部材を他方の部材に当接させて被接合界面を形成する第一工程と、被接合界面に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、一方の部材と他方の部材とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、被接合界面からバリを排出させる第二工程と、摺動を停止して接合面を形成する第三工程と、を有し、一方の部材及び他方の部材の少なくとも一方を、板厚が３ｍｍ以下の薄板とし、圧力を、接合温度における薄板の降伏応力以上に設定してバリを排出させること、を特徴とする線形摩擦接合方法が開示されており、薄板であっても良好な継手の形成を可能としている。
For example, in Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-122343), a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member, and applying pressure substantially perpendicular to the bonded interface is applied, one member and the other member are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to discharge burrs from the interface to be joined. At least one of the one member and the other member is a thin plate having a thickness of 3 mm or less, and the pressure is set to the yield stress of the thin plate or higher at the bonding temperature to remove burrs. A characteristic linear friction welding method is disclosed, which enables the formation of good joints even with thin plates.
しかしながら、従来の線形摩擦接合方法では、不可避的に被接合界面の周囲にバリが形成され、得られた継手をそのまま構造部材として使用することが困難であった。また、高硬度かつ厚いバリが形成する場合、当該バリを除去することが容易ではなく、各種構造部材の製造プロセスの複雑化や製造コストの増加が問題となっていた。即ち、バリの除去が容易にかつ簡便に行えない状況では、産業的に線形摩擦接合を適用することが困難である。
However, with the conventional linear friction welding method, burrs are inevitably formed around the interface to be welded, making it difficult to use the resulting joint as it is as a structural member. In addition, when high-hardness and thick burrs are formed, it is not easy to remove the burrs, complicating the manufacturing process of various structural members and increasing manufacturing costs. In other words, it is difficult to industrially apply linear friction welding in situations where burrs cannot be removed easily and simply.
以上のような従来技術における問題点に鑑み、本発明は、バリを容易かつ簡便に除去することができる線形摩擦接合方法を提供することを目的とする。
In view of the problems in the prior art as described above, an object of the present invention is to provide a linear friction welding method that can easily and simply remove burrs.
上記の課題を解決すべく、本発明は、
一方の部材を他方の部材に当接させて被接合界面を形成する第一工程と、
前記被接合界面に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、前記一方の部材と前記他方の部材とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、前記被接合界面からバリを排出させる第二工程と、
前記摺動を停止して接合面を形成する第三工程と、を有し、
前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の両側面にバリ取り治具を当接させた状態で、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材とを対向させ、
前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記一方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離を（Ｄ１）、前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記他方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離を（Ｄ２）、とした場合に、距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、前記第三工程の完了時における前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の寄り代の合計長さに設定し、
前記第三工程において、対向する前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部で前記バリをせん断し、前記被接合界面から排出される前記バリを除去すること、
を特徴とする線形摩擦接合方法、を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member;
a second step of repeatedly sliding the one member and the other member on the same trajectory while applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be bonded, thereby removing burrs from the interface to be bonded; ,
and a third step of stopping the sliding to form a joint surface,
In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are separated from each other while a deburring jig is in contact with both side surfaces of the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined. Oppose
The distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of the one workpiece is (D 1 ), and the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be welded of the other workpiece. is (D 2 ), the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) is the distance between the one workpiece and the other workpiece when the third step is completed. Set to the total length of the overlap of the joining material,
In the third step, shearing the burr with the tip of the deburring jig facing each other to remove the burr discharged from the interface to be joined;
A linear friction welding method characterized by:
一方の部材を他方の部材に当接させて被接合界面を形成する第一工程と、
前記被接合界面に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、前記一方の部材と前記他方の部材とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、前記被接合界面からバリを排出させる第二工程と、
前記摺動を停止して接合面を形成する第三工程と、を有し、
前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の両側面にバリ取り治具を当接させた状態で、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材とを対向させ、
前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記一方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離を（Ｄ１）、前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記他方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離を（Ｄ２）、とした場合に、距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、前記第三工程の完了時における前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の寄り代の合計長さに設定し、
前記第三工程において、対向する前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部で前記バリをせん断し、前記被接合界面から排出される前記バリを除去すること、
を特徴とする線形摩擦接合方法、を提供する。 In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member;
a second step of repeatedly sliding the one member and the other member on the same trajectory while applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be bonded, thereby removing burrs from the interface to be bonded; ,
and a third step of stopping the sliding to form a joint surface,
In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are separated from each other while a deburring jig is in contact with both side surfaces of the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined. Oppose
The distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of the one workpiece is (D 1 ), and the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be welded of the other workpiece. is (D 2 ), the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) is the distance between the one workpiece and the other workpiece when the third step is completed. Set to the total length of the overlap of the joining material,
In the third step, shearing the burr with the tip of the deburring jig facing each other to remove the burr discharged from the interface to be joined;
A linear friction welding method characterized by:
本発明の線形摩擦接合方法においては、接合工程の最後にバリ取り治具の先端部でバリを挟み込み、当該バリを除去することが最大の特徴となっている。第一工程において、両方の被接合材がバリ取り治具から突き出て配置されている場合と、片方の被接合材がバリ取り治具の内部に収まっている場合が存在するが、何れの場合も本発明の線形摩擦接合方法に含まれる。また、バリは完全にせん断除去されることが好ましいが、接合界面から完全に除去されない場合も本発明の線形摩擦接合方法に含まれる。完全に除去されない場合であっても、バリの根元は十分に薄くなっていることから、適当な外部応力を印加することによって、容易に除去することができる。
The greatest feature of the linear friction welding method of the present invention is that, at the end of the joining process, the burr is removed by pinching it with the tip of a deburring jig. In the first step, there are cases where both workpieces are arranged protruding from the deburring jig, and cases where one workpiece is housed inside the deburring jig. is also included in the linear friction welding method of the present invention. Although it is preferable that burrs are completely removed by shearing, burrs that are not completely removed from the joint interface are also included in the linear friction welding method of the present invention. Even if the burr is not completely removed, it can be easily removed by applying an appropriate external stress because the base of the burr is sufficiently thin.
また、本発明の線形摩擦接合方法においては、
前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材及び前記他方の被接合材を前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部から突き出して配置し、
前記先端部からの前記一方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ１）、前記先端部からの前記他方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ２）、とした場合に、突き出し長さ（Ｌ１）と突き出し長さ（Ｌ２）の合計長さ（ＬＴ）を、前記寄り代の合計長さに設定すること、が好ましい。 Further, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention,
In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are arranged so as to protrude from the tip portion of the deburring jig;
When the projection length of the one workpiece from the tip portion is (L 1 ) and the projection length of the other workpiece from the tip portion is (L 2 ), the projection length It is preferable to set the total length (L T ) of (L 1 ) and the protrusion length (L 2 ) to the total length of the approach margin.
前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材及び前記他方の被接合材を前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部から突き出して配置し、
前記先端部からの前記一方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ１）、前記先端部からの前記他方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ２）、とした場合に、突き出し長さ（Ｌ１）と突き出し長さ（Ｌ２）の合計長さ（ＬＴ）を、前記寄り代の合計長さに設定すること、が好ましい。 Further, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention,
In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are arranged so as to protrude from the tip portion of the deburring jig;
When the projection length of the one workpiece from the tip portion is (L 1 ) and the projection length of the other workpiece from the tip portion is (L 2 ), the projection length It is preferable to set the total length (L T ) of (L 1 ) and the protrusion length (L 2 ) to the total length of the approach margin.
両方の被接合材をバリ取り治具から突き出し、接合工程の最後にバリ取り治具の先端同士でバリを押圧することで、バリの根元にせん断応力を印加することができ、より確実にバリを除去することができる。
By protruding both workpieces from the deburring jig and pressing the burrs between the ends of the deburring jig at the end of the bonding process, shear stress can be applied to the base of the burrs, which results in more reliable deburring. can be removed.
また、本発明の線形摩擦接合方法においては、前記第三工程において当接する前記バリ取り治具の端部を片刃形状とすること、が好ましい。適用する片刃形状は本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、金属せん断刃物等で使用されている種々の片刃形状を用いることができる。
Further, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention, it is preferable that the end portion of the deburring jig that comes into contact in the third step has a single-edged shape. The single-edged shape to be applied is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and various single-edged shapes used in metal shearing tools and the like can be used.
バリ取り治具の端部に形成させる刃先形状は本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の刃先形状とすることができる。バリが軟質の場合は先端角度を小さくすることが好ましく、バリが硬質の場合は先端角度を大きくすることが好ましい。また、刃先のみに硬質コーティングを施してもよく、刃先のみを取替可能とすることもできる。
The shape of the cutting edge formed at the end of the deburring jig is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and various conventionally known cutting edge shapes can be used. When the burr is soft, it is preferable to reduce the tip angle, and when the burr is hard, it is preferable to increase the tip angle. Alternatively, only the cutting edge may be coated with a hard coating, and only the cutting edge may be replaceable.
また、本発明の線形摩擦接合方法においては、前記バリ取り治具を工具鋼製とすること、が好ましい。バリ取り治具の材質は本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、各種鉄鋼材、超硬合金、コバルト基合金、ニッケル基合金、セラミックス等を用いることができるが、工具鋼製とすることで、せん断性能、寿命及び信頼性等をバランスよく担保することができる。
Further, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention, it is preferable that the deburring jig is made of tool steel. The material of the deburring jig is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. By doing so, it is possible to secure shearing performance, life, reliability, etc. in a well-balanced manner.
更に、本発明の線形摩擦接合方法においては、前記一方の被接合材及び／又は前記他方の被接合材を鋼材とすること、が好ましい。被接合材として鋼材を用いる場合、昇温によって軟化した領域がバリとして排出された後、冷却されることによってマルテンサイトやベイナイトが形成し、高硬度化してしまう。これに対し、本発明の線形摩擦接合においてはバリが冷却される前に（軟化している状態で）せん断することができるため、鋼材であっても容易にバリを除去することができる。
Furthermore, in the linear friction welding method of the present invention, it is preferable that the one material to be welded and/or the other material to be welded are steel materials. When a steel material is used as the material to be joined, the area softened by the temperature rise is expelled as burrs, and then cooled to form martensite or bainite, resulting in high hardness. In contrast, in the linear friction welding of the present invention, shearing can be performed before the burrs are cooled (in a softened state), so burrs can be easily removed even from steel materials.
本発明によれば、バリを容易かつ簡便に除去することができる線形摩擦接合方法を提供することができる。
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a linear friction welding method that can easily and simply remove burrs.
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明に係る線形摩擦接合方法の代表的な実施形態について詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらのみに限定されるものではない。なお、以下の説明では、同一又は相当部分には同一符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する場合がある。また、図面は、本発明を概念的に説明するためのものであるから、表された各構成要素の寸法やそれらの比は実際のものとは異なる場合もある。
Hereinafter, representative embodiments of the linear friction welding method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these. In the following description, the same or corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may be omitted. Also, since the drawings are for the purpose of conceptually explaining the present invention, the dimensions and ratios of the depicted components may differ from the actual ones.
１．バリ取り治具
図１に本発明の線形摩擦接合方法で用いるバリ取り治具の一態様を示す概略図を示す。また、被接合材にバリ取り治具２を当接させた状態の模式図を図２に示す。バリ取り治具２は略平板状であり、被接合材４は両面からバリ取り治具２を当接させた状態で線形摩擦接合装置に配置される。 1. 1. Deburring jig FIG. 1 shows a schematic view showing one mode of a deburring jig used in the linear friction welding method of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a state in which the deburring jig 2 is brought into contact with the material to be joined. The deburring jig 2 has a substantially flat plate shape, and the material to be welded 4 is placed in the linear friction welding apparatus with the deburring jig 2 abutting on both sides thereof.
図１に本発明の線形摩擦接合方法で用いるバリ取り治具の一態様を示す概略図を示す。また、被接合材にバリ取り治具２を当接させた状態の模式図を図２に示す。バリ取り治具２は略平板状であり、被接合材４は両面からバリ取り治具２を当接させた状態で線形摩擦接合装置に配置される。 1. 1. Deburring jig FIG. 1 shows a schematic view showing one mode of a deburring jig used in the linear friction welding method of the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a state in which the deburring jig 2 is brought into contact with the material to be joined. The deburring jig 2 has a substantially flat plate shape, and the material to be welded 4 is placed in the linear friction welding apparatus with the deburring jig 2 abutting on both sides thereof.
バリ取り治具２の形状は、被接合材４を密着固定でき、先端部でバリを押圧できる形状であれば、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されないが、先端部が片刃形状となっていることが好ましい。
The shape of the deburring jig 2 is not particularly limited as long as it can tightly fix the material to be joined 4 and can press the burr with its tip, as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. It is preferable that
バリ取り治具２の先端部を片刃形状とする場合、被接合材４やバリ取り治具２の材質や機械的性質等に応じて、適当な刃先角度を設ければよい。より具体的には、せん断時におけるバリの強度が刃先と比較して十分に低い場合は刃先角度を小さくすることができる。一方で、バリの強度が比較的高い場合は、刃先角度を大きくすることが好ましい。
When the tip of the deburring jig 2 has a single-edged shape, an appropriate cutting edge angle may be provided according to the material, mechanical properties, etc. of the workpiece 4 and the deburring jig 2 . More specifically, if the strength of the burr during shearing is sufficiently lower than that of the cutting edge, the cutting edge angle can be reduced. On the other hand, if the strength of the burr is relatively high, it is preferable to increase the edge angle.
また、バリ取り治具２の先端形状はバリを切断する際に対向するバリ取り治具２の先端部同士が嵌合する態様であればよく、直線形状に限られない。例えば、図１に示す正面図において、バリ取り治具２の先端部を図３及び図４に示すような形状とすることで、バリの切断効果をより高くすることができる。
Also, the tip shape of the deburring jig 2 is not limited to a linear shape as long as the tip portions of the deburring jig 2 facing each other are fitted together when cutting the burr. For example, in the front view shown in FIG. 1, the burr cutting effect can be further improved by forming the front end portion of the deburring jig 2 into a shape as shown in FIGS.
バリ取り治具２の材質は、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、各種鉄鋼材、チタン合金、超硬合金、コバルト基合金、ニッケル基合金、セラミックス等を用いることができるが、工具鋼製とすることで、せん断性能、寿命及び信頼性等をバランスよく担保することができる。ここで、チタン合金は熱伝導率が低く、バリの冷却を抑制し、より高温の（軟らかい）バリを切断することができる。
The material of the deburring jig 2 is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention. By using tool steel, shear performance, service life, reliability, etc. can be secured in a well-balanced manner. Here, titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity, suppresses cooling of burrs, and can cut higher temperature (softer) burrs.
２．線形摩擦接合方法
図５はバリ取り治具２を用いた本発明の摩擦接合方法の接合工程を示す模式図である。本発明の線形摩擦接合方法は、一方の被接合材１０を他方の被接合材１２に当接させて被接合界面１４を形成する第一工程と、被接合界面１４に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、被接合界面１４からバリ１６を排出させる第二工程と、摺動を停止して接合面を形成すると共にバリ１６を除去する第三工程と、を有している。以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。 2. Linear Friction-Joining Method FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the joining process of the friction-joining method of the present invention using the deburring jig 2 . The linear friction welding method of the present invention comprises a first step of bringing one member 10 into contact with the other member 12 to form a joint interface 14 , and applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the joint interface 14 . is applied, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to remove burrs 16 from the interface 14 to be joined, and the sliding is stopped. and a third step of forming a joint surface and removing the burr 16 . Each step will be described in detail below.
図５はバリ取り治具２を用いた本発明の摩擦接合方法の接合工程を示す模式図である。本発明の線形摩擦接合方法は、一方の被接合材１０を他方の被接合材１２に当接させて被接合界面１４を形成する第一工程と、被接合界面１４に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、被接合界面１４からバリ１６を排出させる第二工程と、摺動を停止して接合面を形成すると共にバリ１６を除去する第三工程と、を有している。以下、各工程について詳細に説明する。 2. Linear Friction-Joining Method FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the joining process of the friction-joining method of the present invention using the deburring jig 2 . The linear friction welding method of the present invention comprises a first step of bringing one member 10 into contact with the other member 12 to form a joint interface 14 , and applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the joint interface 14 . is applied, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory to remove burrs 16 from the interface 14 to be joined, and the sliding is stopped. and a third step of forming a joint surface and removing the burr 16 . Each step will be described in detail below.
（１）第一工程
第一工程は、一方の被接合材１０を他方の被接合材１２に当接させて被接合界面１４を形成する工程である。接合部の形成を所望する箇所に一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２を移動させ、被接合面同士を当接させ、被接合界面１４を形成する。 (1) First Step The first step is a step of forming a joint interface 14 by bringing one member 10 to be joined into contact with the other member 12 to be joined. One member to be joined 10 and/or the other member to be joined 12 is moved to a location where a joint is desired to be formed, and the surfaces to be joined are brought into contact with each other to form a joint interface 14 .
第一工程は、一方の被接合材１０を他方の被接合材１２に当接させて被接合界面１４を形成する工程である。接合部の形成を所望する箇所に一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２を移動させ、被接合面同士を当接させ、被接合界面１４を形成する。 (1) First Step The first step is a step of forming a joint interface 14 by bringing one member 10 to be joined into contact with the other member 12 to be joined. One member to be joined 10 and/or the other member to be joined 12 is moved to a location where a joint is desired to be formed, and the surfaces to be joined are brought into contact with each other to form a joint interface 14 .
ここで、バリ取り治具２で挟まれた被接合材（１０，１２）を線形摩擦接合装置（図示せず）に担持させる方法は、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、従来公知の種々の方法で強固に固定すればよい。例えば、線形摩擦接合装置の試料固定部（凹部）にバリ取り治具２で挟まれた被接合材（１０，１２）を挿入し、上下及び／又は左右の面から適当な方法で応力を印加して固定すればよい。
Here, the method of holding the workpieces (10, 12) sandwiched by the deburring jig 2 on a linear friction welding device (not shown) is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. It may be firmly fixed by various conventionally known methods. For example, the materials to be welded (10, 12) sandwiched by the deburring jig 2 are inserted into the sample fixing portion (recess) of the linear friction welding apparatus, and stress is applied from the upper and lower and/or left and right surfaces by an appropriate method. to fix it.
第一工程においては、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２の両側面にバリ取り治具２を当接させた状態で、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを対向させ、バリ取り治具の２先端部から被接合界面１４までの距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、第三工程の完了時における一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２の寄り代の合計長さに設定する。
In the first step, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are separated with the deburring jig 2 in contact with both side surfaces of the member to be joined 10 and the member to be joined 12 on the other side. are opposed to each other, and the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) from the two ends of the deburring jig to the interface 14 to be joined is It is set to the total length of the approach margin of the material 10 and the other material 12 to be joined.
ここで、例えば、一方の被接合材１０は図６に示すようにバリ取り治具２の内部に配置されていてもよい。この場合、接合界面１４を形成させた状況において、他方の被接合材１２側の先端部は、一方の被接合材１０を挟み込んだバリ取り治具２の内部に挿入されることになる。この場合、バリ取り治具の２先端部から一方の被接合材１０の被接合面までの距離（Ｄ１）は負の値となる。
Here, for example, one workpiece 10 may be arranged inside the deburring jig 2 as shown in FIG. In this case, in the state where the joint interface 14 is formed, the tip of the other workpiece 12 is inserted into the deburring jig 2 that sandwiches the workpiece 10 . In this case, the distance (D 1 ) from the two ends of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of one of the members to be joined 10 has a negative value.
第一工程においては、一方の被接合材１０及び他方の被接合材１２をバリ取り治具２の先端部から突き出して配置し、先端部からの一方の被接合材１０の突き出し長さを（Ｌ１）、先端部からの他方の被接合材１２の突き出し長さを（Ｌ２）、とした場合に、突き出し長さ（Ｌ１）と突き出し長さ（Ｌ２）の合計長さ（ＬＴ）を、第三工程の完了時における一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２の寄り代の合計長さに設定することが好ましい。
In the first step, one workpiece 10 and the other workpiece 12 are arranged so as to protrude from the tip of the deburring jig 2, and the protrusion length of one workpiece 10 from the tip is ( L 1 ), and (L 2 ) the protrusion length of the other workpiece 12 from the tip, the total length (L T 1 ) is preferably set to the total length of the shift margins of one member 10 to be joined and the other member 12 to be joined when the third step is completed.
第一工程において、両方の被接合材がバリ取り治具２から突き出て配置されている場合と、片方の被接合材がバリ取り治具２の内部に収まっている場合が存在するが、両方の被接合材をバリ取り治具２から突き出し、接合工程の最後にバリ取り治具２の先端同士でバリを押圧することで、バリの根元にせん断応力を印加することができ、より確実にバリを除去することができる。
In the first step, there are cases where both of the materials to be bonded are arranged protruding from the deburring jig 2 and cases where one of the materials to be bonded is located inside the deburring jig 2. The material to be joined is protruded from the deburring jig 2, and at the end of the joining process, the burrs are pressed against each other by the tips of the deburring jig 2, so that shear stress can be applied to the base of the burrs, and more reliable Burrs can be removed.
また、接合工程の最後にバリ取り治具２の先端同士でバリを押圧した後、バリ取り治具２を上下（線形摩擦接合における被接合材の摺動方向）方向にスライドさせることで、より確実にバリを除去することができる。
Further, at the end of the joining process, after pressing the burrs between the tips of the deburring jig 2, by sliding the deburring jig 2 in the vertical direction (sliding direction of the materials to be welded in linear friction welding), the Burrs can be reliably removed.
一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２は鋼材とすることが好ましい。被接合材として鋼材を用いる場合、昇温によって軟化した領域がバリ１６として排出された後、冷却されることによってマルテンサイトやベイナイトが形成し、高硬度化してしまう。これに対し、本発明の線形摩擦接合においてはバリ１６が冷却される前に（軟化している状態で）せん断することができるため、鋼材であっても容易にバリを除去することができる。
It is preferable that the one member to be joined 10 and/or the other member to be joined 12 is made of steel. When a steel material is used as the material to be joined, the area softened by the temperature rise is discharged as burrs 16, and then cooled to form martensite and bainite, resulting in high hardness. On the other hand, in the linear friction welding of the present invention, the burrs 16 can be sheared (in a softened state) before they are cooled, so burrs can be easily removed even from steel materials.
（２）第二工程
第二工程は、被接合界面１４に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、摺動の方向と略平行及び略垂直に被接合界面１４からバリ１６を排出させる工程である。 (2) Second step In the second step, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory while pressure is applied substantially perpendicularly to the interface 14 to be joined. In this step, the burr 16 is ejected from the interface 14 to be joined substantially parallel and substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction.
第二工程は、被接合界面１４に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、摺動の方向と略平行及び略垂直に被接合界面１４からバリ１６を排出させる工程である。 (2) Second step In the second step, one member to be joined 10 and the other member to be joined 12 are repeatedly slid on the same trajectory while pressure is applied substantially perpendicularly to the interface 14 to be joined. In this step, the burr 16 is ejected from the interface 14 to be joined substantially parallel and substantially perpendicular to the sliding direction.
一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させる方法は、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいて特に限定されず、両方の部材を共に加振させても、一方を固定して他方を加振させてもよい。
The method of repeatedly sliding one member 10 to be joined and the other member 12 to be joined on the same locus is not particularly limited as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired. , one may be fixed and the other may be vibrated.
ここで、線形摩擦接合時の圧力を、所望する接合温度における一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２の降伏応力以上かつ引張強度以下に設定することで、接合温度を制御することができる。圧力を所望する接合温度における一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２の降伏応力以上かつ引張強度以下に設定することで、一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２を基準として接合温度を決定することができる。
Here, the bonding temperature is controlled by setting the pressure at the time of linear friction welding to the yield stress or more and the tensile strength or less of the one workpiece 10 and/or the other workpiece 12 at the desired bonding temperature. be able to. By setting the pressure to the yield stress or more and the tensile strength or less of the one workpiece 10 and/or the other workpiece 12 at a desired bonding temperature, the one workpiece 10 and/or the other workpiece 12 can be used to determine the junction temperature.
圧力を一方の被接合材１０及び／又は他方の被接合材１２の降伏応力以上とすることで被接合界面１４からのバリ１６の排出が開始され、引張強度までの間で圧力を増加させると、バリ１６の排出が加速されることになる。降伏応力と同様に、特定の温度における引張強度も被接合材によって略一定であることから、設定した圧力に対応する接合温度を実現することができる。
By setting the pressure to be equal to or higher than the yield stress of one member 10 and/or the other member 12 to be joined, burrs 16 are started to be discharged from the joint interface 14, and the pressure is increased until the tensile strength is reached. , the discharge of the burr 16 is accelerated. Similar to the yield stress, the tensile strength at a specific temperature is also substantially constant depending on the materials to be joined, so a joining temperature corresponding to the set pressure can be achieved.
ここで、圧力によって接合温度を決定できるということは、被接合界面１４から排出された瞬間のバリ１６の温度が制御できることを意味している。即ち、圧力によって、第三工程においてバリ取り治具２の先端部で押圧する際のバリ１６の強度や硬度を制御することができ、バリ１６の強度や硬度を低下させたい場合は、圧力を低下させて接合温度を高くすればよい。
Here, the fact that the bonding temperature can be determined by the pressure means that the temperature of the burr 16 at the moment it is ejected from the interface 14 to be bonded can be controlled. That is, the pressure can be used to control the strength and hardness of the burr 16 when pressed by the tip of the deburring jig 2 in the third step. It is sufficient to lower the temperature and raise the bonding temperature.
具体例として、各温度における炭素鋼の変形応力（降伏応力）を図７に、各温度における各種金属の引張強度を図８に、それぞれ示す。なお、図７は「鉄と鋼，第６７年（１９８１）第１１号，１４０頁」に掲載されたグラフであり、図８「鉄と鋼，第７２年（１９８６）第６号，５５頁」に掲載されたグラフである。これらの図に示されているように、特定の温度における引張強度及び降伏応力は材料によって略一定である。即ち、このようなデータを被接合材に対して、データベース化しておくことで、任意の温度での接合（任意の温度でのバリ１６の排出）を効率的かつ簡便に実施することができる。
As specific examples, Fig. 7 shows the deformation stress (yield stress) of carbon steel at each temperature, and Fig. 8 shows the tensile strength of various metals at each temperature. FIG. 7 is a graph published in "Tetsu to Hagane, 67th (1981) No. 11, p. 140", and FIG. This is the graph published in As shown in these figures, the tensile strength and yield stress at a specific temperature are approximately constant for each material. That is, by creating a database of such data for the materials to be joined, joining at an arbitrary temperature (discharge of the burr 16 at an arbitrary temperature) can be performed efficiently and easily.
接合時の圧力を高く設定した場合、より高い降伏強度及び引張強度の被接合材をバリ１６として排出することができ、接合温度を低下させることができる。一方で、接合時の圧力を低く設定した場合、より低い降伏強度及び引張強度の被接合材をバリ１６として排出することができる。また、図７及び図８に示されているとおり、特定の温度における引張強度及び降伏応力は材料によって略一定であることから、被接合材の強度の温度依存性に基づいて接合圧力を設定することで、極めて正確に接合温度及びバリ１６の温度を制御することができる。
When the pressure at the time of joining is set high, the material to be joined with higher yield strength and tensile strength can be discharged as burrs 16, and the joining temperature can be lowered. On the other hand, when the pressure at the time of joining is set to be low, the material to be joined having lower yield strength and lower tensile strength can be discharged as burrs 16 . Also, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the tensile strength and yield stress at a specific temperature are substantially constant depending on the material, so the bonding pressure is set based on the temperature dependence of the strength of the material to be bonded. Thus, the bonding temperature and the temperature of the burr 16 can be controlled very accurately.
線形摩擦接合においては、圧力以外の接合パラメータ（被接合材を加振する周波数及び振幅、接合時間及び寄り代等）も設定する必要があるが、本発明の効果を損なわない限りにおいてこれらの値は制限されず、被接合材の材質、形状及びサイズ等によって適宜設定すればよい。ここで、被接合材を摺動させる振幅や周波数を増加させることによって昇温速度ならびに接合後の冷却速度は増加するが、最高到達温度（接合温度）は変化しない。
In linear friction welding, it is necessary to set welding parameters other than pressure (frequency and amplitude of vibration of the material to be welded, welding time, overlap, etc.). is not limited, and may be appropriately set depending on the material, shape, size, etc. of the material to be joined. Here, by increasing the amplitude and frequency of sliding the materials to be joined, the heating rate and the cooling rate after joining are increased, but the highest temperature reached (joining temperature) does not change.
（３）第三工程
第三工程は、第二工程における摺動を停止して接合面を形成すると共に、バリ取り治具２の先端部によってバリ１６を除去するための工程である。線形摩擦接合においては、被接合界面１４の全面からバリ１６が排出された後に摺動を停止させることで、良好な接合体を得ることができる。なお、第二工程において被接合材に印加した圧力はそのまま維持してもよく、バリ１６を排出すると共に新生面をより強く当接させる目的で、より高い値としてもよい。接合過程において接合面積が増加すると圧力が減少し、意図せず接合温度が上昇する場合も存在するが、圧力Ｐを増加させることで当該現象を抑制することができる。 (3) Third Step The third step is a step of stopping the sliding in the second step to form a joint surface and removing the burr 16 with the tip of the deburring jig 2 . In linear friction welding, a good bonded body can be obtained by stopping the sliding after the burr 16 has been discharged from the entire surface of the interface 14 to be bonded. The pressure applied to the materials to be joined in the second step may be maintained as it is, or may be set to a higher value for the purpose of removing the burr 16 and making the new surface contact more strongly. When the bonding area increases in the bonding process, the pressure decreases and the bonding temperature may rise unintentionally, but increasing the pressure P can suppress this phenomenon.
第三工程は、第二工程における摺動を停止して接合面を形成すると共に、バリ取り治具２の先端部によってバリ１６を除去するための工程である。線形摩擦接合においては、被接合界面１４の全面からバリ１６が排出された後に摺動を停止させることで、良好な接合体を得ることができる。なお、第二工程において被接合材に印加した圧力はそのまま維持してもよく、バリ１６を排出すると共に新生面をより強く当接させる目的で、より高い値としてもよい。接合過程において接合面積が増加すると圧力が減少し、意図せず接合温度が上昇する場合も存在するが、圧力Ｐを増加させることで当該現象を抑制することができる。 (3) Third Step The third step is a step of stopping the sliding in the second step to form a joint surface and removing the burr 16 with the tip of the deburring jig 2 . In linear friction welding, a good bonded body can be obtained by stopping the sliding after the burr 16 has been discharged from the entire surface of the interface 14 to be bonded. The pressure applied to the materials to be joined in the second step may be maintained as it is, or may be set to a higher value for the purpose of removing the burr 16 and making the new surface contact more strongly. When the bonding area increases in the bonding process, the pressure decreases and the bonding temperature may rise unintentionally, but increasing the pressure P can suppress this phenomenon.
ここで、本発明の線形摩擦接合の最大の特徴は、第三工程の最後にバリ取り治具２の先端同士でバリ１６を押圧することで、バリ１６を除去又は除去し易い状態にすることである。
第一工程において、バリ取り治具２の先端部から被接合界面１４までの距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、第三工程の完了時における一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２の寄り代の合計長さに設定していることから、第三工程の最後において、確実にバリ取り治具２の先端部でバリ１６を押圧することができる。 Here, the greatest feature of the linear friction welding of the present invention is that, at the end of the third step, the burrs 16 are pressed against each other by the tips of the deburring jig 2, thereby removing the burrs 16 or making them easy to remove. is.
In the first step, the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) from the tip of the deburring jig 2 to the interface 14 to be joined is Since the length is set to the total length of the overlap between the bonding material 10 and the other workpiece 12, the burr 16 can be reliably pressed by the tip of the deburring jig 2 at the end of the third step. can.
第一工程において、バリ取り治具２の先端部から被接合界面１４までの距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、第三工程の完了時における一方の被接合材１０と他方の被接合材１２の寄り代の合計長さに設定していることから、第三工程の最後において、確実にバリ取り治具２の先端部でバリ１６を押圧することができる。 Here, the greatest feature of the linear friction welding of the present invention is that, at the end of the third step, the burrs 16 are pressed against each other by the tips of the deburring jig 2, thereby removing the burrs 16 or making them easy to remove. is.
In the first step, the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) from the tip of the deburring jig 2 to the interface 14 to be joined is Since the length is set to the total length of the overlap between the bonding material 10 and the other workpiece 12, the burr 16 can be reliably pressed by the tip of the deburring jig 2 at the end of the third step. can.
以上、本発明の代表的な実施形態について図面を参照しつつ説明してきたが、本発明は、これらの実施形態に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲の記載の精神及び教示を逸脱しない範囲でその他の改良例や変形例が存在する。そして、かかる改良例や変形例は全て本発明の技術的範囲に含まれる。
Although representative embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and does not depart from the spirit and teachings of the claims. Other refinements and variations exist within the scope. All such improvements and modifications are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
≪実施例１≫
被接合材に板厚２ｍｍの中炭素鋼（ＪＩＳ－Ｓ４５Ｃ：０．４８％Ｃ－０．７７％Ｍｎ－０．２３％Ｓｉ－０．０８％Ｃｒ）薄板を用い、当該中炭素鋼薄板同士の線形摩擦接合を施した。 <<Example 1>>
Using a medium carbon steel (JIS-S45C: 0.48% C-0.77% Mn-0.23% Si-0.08% Cr) sheet with a thickness of 2 mm as the material to be joined, of linear friction welding was applied.
被接合材に板厚２ｍｍの中炭素鋼（ＪＩＳ－Ｓ４５Ｃ：０．４８％Ｃ－０．７７％Ｍｎ－０．２３％Ｓｉ－０．０８％Ｃｒ）薄板を用い、当該中炭素鋼薄板同士の線形摩擦接合を施した。 <<Example 1>>
Using a medium carbon steel (JIS-S45C: 0.48% C-0.77% Mn-0.23% Si-0.08% Cr) sheet with a thickness of 2 mm as the material to be joined, of linear friction welding was applied.
中炭素鋼薄板にバリ取り治具を配置した状態を図９に示す。両面に工具鋼製のバリ取り治具を当接させた中炭素鋼板を対向させた状態で線形摩擦接合装置の試料固定部に強固に担持させた後、中炭素鋼板の端面同士を当接させ、被接合界面を形成させた（第一工程）。ここで、一方の中炭素鋼薄板及び他方の中炭素鋼薄板のバリ取り治具先端からの突き出し長さは共に２ｍｍとした。
Fig. 9 shows the state where the deburring jig is placed on the medium carbon steel thin plate. After the medium-carbon steel plates with deburring jigs made of tool steel are in contact with each other on both sides, the medium-carbon steel plates are held firmly on the sample fixing part of the linear friction welding device in a state of facing each other, and then the end faces of the medium-carbon steel plates are brought into contact with each other. , to form a bonded interface (first step). Here, the projecting lengths of the one medium carbon steel sheet and the other medium carbon steel sheet from the tip of the deburring jig were both set to 2 mm.
合計４枚のバリ取り治具を用いているが、バリ取り治具のサイズ、形状及び材質は全て同一であり、端部は片刃形状となっている。
A total of four deburring jigs are used, but the size, shape and material of the deburring jigs are all the same, and the ends are single-edged.
次に、被接合界面に対して略垂直に圧力（２５０ＭＰａ）を印加した状態で、一方の中炭素鋼薄板と他方の中炭素鋼薄板とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、被接合界面からバリを排出させた（第二工程）。ここで、第二工程における摺動の周波数は５０Ｈｚ、振幅は１ｍｍとし、寄り代は３．５ｍｍとした。寄り代の値は上記の突き出し長さの合計となっている。
Next, while applying pressure (250 MPa) substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be joined, one medium carbon steel thin plate and the other medium carbon steel thin plate are repeatedly slid on the same locus, and from the interface to be joined, Burrs were removed (second step). Here, the frequency of sliding in the second step was 50 Hz, the amplitude was 1 mm, and the approach margin was 3.5 mm. The value of the approach margin is the sum of the protrusion lengths described above.
次に、３．５ｍｍの寄り代に到達した時点で摺動を停止し、接合界面を形成させた（第三工程）。摺動の停止と同時に、接合界面から排出されたバリがバリ取り治具の先端で挟み込まれ、自然に接合界面から分離した。
Next, the sliding was stopped at the point of reaching a margin of 3.5 mm to form a joint interface (third step). Simultaneously with the stop of the sliding, the burr discharged from the joint interface was pinched by the tip of the deburring jig and naturally separated from the joint interface.
得られた継手の外観写真を図１０に示す。また、得られた接合部の高さマッピングを図１１、高さ分布のグラフを図１２にそれぞれ示す。接合界面の周囲に形成されているのは高さが約０．３ｍｍ程度の凸部のみであり、バリ取り治具によってバリが良好に除去されていることが分かる。また、バリ取り後のバリ取り治具の先端部分に変形や損傷等は認められなかった。
A photograph of the appearance of the obtained joint is shown in FIG. 11 and a graph of the height distribution are shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, respectively. Only a convex portion having a height of about 0.3 mm was formed around the joint interface, and it can be seen that the burr was removed satisfactorily by the deburring jig. Also, no deformation or damage was observed at the tip of the deburring jig after deburring.
≪実施例２≫
バリ取り治具の先端部を垂直断面とし、片刃形状としなかったこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 2>>
Medium-carbon steel thin plates were linearly friction-welded in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the tip of the deburring jig had a vertical cross section and did not have a single-edged shape.
バリ取り治具の先端部を垂直断面とし、片刃形状としなかったこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 2>>
Medium-carbon steel thin plates were linearly friction-welded in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the tip of the deburring jig had a vertical cross section and did not have a single-edged shape.
得られた継手の外観写真を図１３に示す。また、得られた接合部の高さマッピングを図１４、高さ分布のグラフを図１５にそれぞれ示す。接合界面の周囲には最大高さが約１．２ｍｍの凸部が形成しており、摺動の停止と同時にバリは除去されたが、実施例１と比較するとやや大きな凸部が残存した。なお、バリ取り後のバリ取り治具の先端部分に変形や損傷等は認められなかった。
A photograph of the appearance of the obtained joint is shown in FIG. 14 and a graph of height distribution are shown in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, respectively. A convex portion having a maximum height of about 1.2 mm was formed around the joint interface, and although the burrs were removed at the same time as the sliding stopped, a slightly larger convex portion remained as compared with Example 1. No deformation or damage was observed at the tip of the deburring jig after deburring.
≪実施例３≫
バリ取り治具をステアタイト（ＭｇＯ・ＳｉＯ２）製としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 3>>
Medium-carbon steel thin plates were joined by linear friction welding in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the deburring jig was made of steatite (MgO.SiO 2 ).
バリ取り治具をステアタイト（ＭｇＯ・ＳｉＯ２）製としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 3>>
Medium-carbon steel thin plates were joined by linear friction welding in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the deburring jig was made of steatite (MgO.SiO 2 ).
線形摩擦接合後のバリ取り治具の外観写真を図１６に示す。バリ取り治具によって、摺動の停止と同時にバリは除去されたが、バリ取り治具の先端部が破損していることが分かる。
Fig. 16 shows a photograph of the deburring jig after linear friction welding. It can be seen that the deburring jig removed the burrs at the same time as the sliding stopped, but the tip of the deburring jig was damaged.
≪実施例４≫
バリ取り治具を窒化珪素（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）製としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 4>>
Medium carbon steel thin plates were linear friction welded together in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the deburring jig was made of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
バリ取り治具を窒化珪素（Ｓｉ３Ｎ４）製としたこと以外は実施例１と同様にして、中炭素鋼薄板同士を線形摩擦接合した。 <<Example 4>>
Medium carbon steel thin plates were linear friction welded together in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the deburring jig was made of silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
線形摩擦接合後のバリ取り治具の外観写真を図１７に示す。バリ取り治具によって、摺動の停止と同時にバリは除去されたが、バリ取り治具の先端部が大きく破損していることが分かる。
Fig. 17 shows a photograph of the deburring jig after linear friction welding. The deburring jig removed the burrs at the same time as the sliding stopped, but the tip of the deburring jig was severely damaged.
２・・・バリ取り治具、
４・・・被接合材、
１０・・・一方の被接合材、
１２・・・他方の被接合材、
１４・・・被接合界面、
１６・・・バリ。 2 Deburring jig,
4 ... material to be joined,
10 ... one to-be-joined material,
12 ... the other member to be joined,
14 ... to-be-joined interface,
16... Bali.
４・・・被接合材、
１０・・・一方の被接合材、
１２・・・他方の被接合材、
１４・・・被接合界面、
１６・・・バリ。 2 Deburring jig,
4 ... material to be joined,
10 ... one to-be-joined material,
12 ... the other member to be joined,
14 ... to-be-joined interface,
16... Bali.
Claims (7)
- 一方の部材を他方の部材に当接させて被接合界面を形成する第一工程と、
前記被接合界面に対して略垂直に圧力を印加した状態で、前記一方の部材と前記他方の部材とを同一軌跡上で繰り返し摺動させ、前記被接合界面からバリを排出させる第二工程と、
前記摺動を停止して接合面を形成する第三工程と、を有し、
前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の両側面にバリ取り治具を当接させた状態で、前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材とを対向させ、
前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記一方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離をＤ１、前記バリ取り治具の先端部から前記他方の被接合材の被接合面までの距離をＤ２、とした場合に、距離（Ｄ１）と距離（Ｄ２）の合計距離（ＤＴ）を、前記第三工程の完了時における前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材の寄り代の合計長さに設定し、
前記第三工程において、対向する前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部で前記バリをせん断し、前記被接合界面から排出される前記バリを除去すること、
を特徴とする線形摩擦接合方法。 a first step of forming a bonded interface by bringing one member into contact with the other member;
a second step of repeatedly sliding the one member and the other member on the same trajectory while applying pressure substantially perpendicularly to the interface to be bonded, thereby removing burrs from the interface to be bonded; ,
and a third step of stopping the sliding to form a joint surface,
In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are separated from each other while a deburring jig is in contact with both side surfaces of the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined. face each other,
D 1 is the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of the one member to be joined, and D is the distance from the tip of the deburring jig to the surface to be joined of the other member to be joined. 2 , the total distance (D T ) of the distance (D 1 ) and the distance (D 2 ) is the shift between the one workpiece and the other workpiece when the third step is completed. set to the total length of the
In the third step, shearing the burr with the tip of the deburring jig facing each other to remove the burr discharged from the interface to be joined;
A linear friction welding method characterized by: - 前記第一工程において、前記一方の被接合材及び前記他方の被接合材を前記バリ取り治具の前記先端部から突き出して配置し、
前記先端部からの前記一方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ１）、前記先端部からの前記他方の被接合材の突き出し長さを（Ｌ２）、とした場合に、突き出し長さ（Ｌ１）と突き出し長さ（Ｌ２）の合計長さ（ＬＴ）を、前記寄り代の合計長さに設定すること、
を特徴とする請求項１に記載の線形摩擦接合方法。 In the first step, the one member to be joined and the other member to be joined are arranged so as to protrude from the tip portion of the deburring jig;
When the projection length of the one workpiece from the tip portion is (L 1 ) and the projection length of the other workpiece from the tip portion is (L 2 ), the projection length setting the total length (L T ) of (L 1 ) and the protrusion length (L 2 ) to the total length of the approach margin;
The linear friction welding method according to claim 1, characterized by: - 前記第三工程において当接する前記バリ取り治具の端部を片刃形状とすること、
を特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載の線形摩擦接合方法。 forming an end portion of the deburring jig that abuts in the third step into a single-edged shape;
The linear friction welding method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by: - 前記バリ取り治具を工具鋼製とすること、
を特徴とする請求項１～３のうちのいずれかに記載の線形摩擦接合方法。 making the deburring jig made of tool steel;
The linear friction welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: - 前記バリ取り治具をチタン合金製とすること、
を特徴とする請求項１～３のうちのいずれかに記載の線形摩擦接合方法。 making the deburring jig made of titanium alloy;
The linear friction welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: - 前記一方の被接合材及び／又は前記他方の被接合材を鋼材とすること、
を特徴とする請求項１～５のうちのいずれかに記載の線形摩擦接合方法。 The one material to be joined and/or the other material to be joined is a steel material;
The linear friction welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by: - 前記一方の被接合材と前記他方の被接合材を異なる材質とすること、
を特徴とする請求項１～６のうちのいずれかに記載の線形摩擦接合方法。
The one material to be joined and the other material to be joined are made of different materials;
The linear friction welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by:
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| JP2000141128A (en) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-23 | Isel Co Ltd | Butt welding method for metal wire, burring tool used for it and butt welding device for metal wire |
| JP2010530808A (en) * | 2007-06-23 | 2010-09-16 | ロールス・ロイス・ピーエルシー | Enclosure for welding, welding apparatus including such a welding enclosure, and method for welding first and second welding elements using the welding enclosure |
| JP2011131264A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-07-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Device for pressure-welding metal wires, and deburring device, and method therefor |
| JP2018122343A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-09 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Linear friction welding method |
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2023
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000141128A (en) * | 1998-11-04 | 2000-05-23 | Isel Co Ltd | Butt welding method for metal wire, burring tool used for it and butt welding device for metal wire |
| JP2010530808A (en) * | 2007-06-23 | 2010-09-16 | ロールス・ロイス・ピーエルシー | Enclosure for welding, welding apparatus including such a welding enclosure, and method for welding first and second welding elements using the welding enclosure |
| JP2011131264A (en) * | 2009-12-25 | 2011-07-07 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Device for pressure-welding metal wires, and deburring device, and method therefor |
| JP2018122343A (en) * | 2017-02-02 | 2018-08-09 | 国立大学法人大阪大学 | Linear friction welding method |
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