JPH0647570A - Friction welding method for different material - Google Patents
Friction welding method for different materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0647570A JPH0647570A JP20705092A JP20705092A JPH0647570A JP H0647570 A JPH0647570 A JP H0647570A JP 20705092 A JP20705092 A JP 20705092A JP 20705092 A JP20705092 A JP 20705092A JP H0647570 A JPH0647570 A JP H0647570A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- joint
- friction welding
- joining
- thermal expansion
- truncated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Landscapes
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は異材の摩擦圧接法に関
し、各種の異材継手部品、特に科学衛星などに搭載され
る燃料タンクの配管などに適用される異材継手部品の製
造に適する同方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a friction welding method for dissimilar materials, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing dissimilar material joint parts, especially for dissimilar material joint parts applied to pipes of fuel tanks mounted on scientific satellites. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、棒状又は管状の異材継手の摩擦圧
接は図６に示す如く、材料特性の異なる同径の異材
（Ａ，Ｂ）を、圧接装置のチャックで掴み、一方を回転
させて接合すべき部分を摩擦エネルギで加熱し、軸方向
の加圧力（Ｐ）によりアプセット加圧して行っていた。
したがって、接合後の軸方向断面は図７に示す如く、同
径のＡ材とＢ材が接合され、それぞれの材料強度に応じ
てバリの量と形状が異った状況を呈する。従来の、この
ような継手において最も問題となるのが、両部材（Ａ，
Ｂ）の材料特性の差異によって生じる残留応力の発生
と、これに伴う継手強度の低下である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 6, friction welding of a rod-shaped or tubular dissimilar material joint is performed by gripping dissimilar materials (A, B) having the same diameter and different material characteristics with a chuck of a pressure welding device and rotating one of them. The parts to be joined are heated by frictional energy and upset pressure is applied by a pressing force (P) in the axial direction.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 7, the axial section after joining shows a situation in which the A and B materials having the same diameter are joined, and the amount and shape of the burr differ depending on the respective material strengths. The most problematic point in the conventional joint like this is that both members (A,
It is the occurrence of residual stress caused by the difference in the material properties of B) and the accompanying reduction in joint strength.
【０００３】すなわち、異材は特に、熱膨張係数や高温
強度が大幅に異なる場合が多く、このような場合、従来
の方法で単純に摩擦圧接を行うと、両者の接合界面には
図８に示すような残留応力（剪断応力）（τ）が発生す
る。図８は、座標軸の原点を接合界面の軸心におき、部
材の半径方向に対する剪断応力（τ）の分布を示したも
ので、剪断応力（τ）は部材の表面で２次函数的に増大
し、これが圧接後の割れ発生や、割れ発生がない場合で
も継手強度の低下などの原因になる。That is, in many cases, the dissimilar materials particularly differ greatly in the coefficient of thermal expansion and the high temperature strength. In such a case, when friction welding is simply performed by the conventional method, the joint interface between them is shown in FIG. Such residual stress (shear stress) (τ) is generated. FIG. 8 shows the distribution of the shear stress (τ) in the radial direction of the member with the origin of the coordinate axis set at the axis of the joint interface. The shear stress (τ) increases quadratically on the surface of the member. However, this may cause cracking after pressure welding, or decrease in joint strength even if no cracking occurs.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】前項で明らかにしたよ
うに、材料特性の異なる異材を同径のままで、接合面が
平坦の状態で摩擦圧接を行うと、接合界面を破壊しよう
とする高い応力が発生し、割れ発生や継手強度の低下を
まねくことになり、信頼性の高い継手材が得られないと
いう欠点があった。As has been made clear in the preceding paragraph, when dissimilar materials having different material properties have the same diameter and friction welding is performed with the joint surface being flat, the joint interface tends to be destroyed. There is a drawback in that stress is generated, cracks are generated and joint strength is lowered, and a highly reliable joint material cannot be obtained.
【０００５】本発明は上記技術水準に鑑み、従来法の欠
点を解消して、信頼性の高い継手材を得ることができる
異材の摩擦圧接法を提供しようとするものである。In view of the above-mentioned state of the art, the present invention intends to solve the drawbacks of the conventional methods and to provide a friction welding method for dissimilar materials by which a highly reliable joint material can be obtained.
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は （１）熱膨張係数や高温強度などの材料特性の異なる異
材を摩擦圧接させるに際し、熱膨張係数の大きな材料の
直径を、これと接合する他の材料の直径よりも大きく
し、かつ大径側の先端に円錐形の凹みを設け、小径側の
先端には上記凹みと同一形状の凸部を設けておき、両材
料を摩擦圧接させることを特徴とする異材の摩擦圧接
法、Means for Solving the Problems The present invention is as follows: (1) When friction-welding dissimilar materials having different material properties such as coefficient of thermal expansion and high temperature strength, the diameter of the material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion is joined to another material. It is made larger than the diameter of the material, and a conical recess is provided at the tip on the large diameter side, and a convex portion having the same shape as the above recess is provided at the tip on the small diameter side, and both materials are friction-welded. Friction welding method for different materials,
【０００７】（２）大径側の先端の円錐形の凹みの斜面
に溝を設けてなることを特徴とする上記（１）記載の異
材の摩擦圧接法である。(2) The friction welding method for dissimilar materials according to the above (1), characterized in that a groove is provided on a slope of a conical recess at the tip on the large diameter side.
【０００８】すなわち、本発明の第一は本来、同径の継
手部材であるが、接合界面に発生する高い剪断応力を解
消し、接合界面へ圧縮の残留応力を与えるために、熱膨
張係数の大きい部材の直径を、これと接合する別の部材
の直径よりも大きくし、（好ましくは約１．５倍以上に
し、）かつ、接合部は平坦ではなく、大径側の先端には
円錐台状の凹みを加工し、別の小径側の先端は上記凹み
と同一形状の凸部を設け、両者が摩擦面を形成するよう
にしたことである。この形状は同径でも可能であるが、
凹み部を有する部材の外周の熱容量が小さいため、先に
過熱されて軟化し、接合不十分となるので、凹み部を有
する熱膨張係数の大きい部材の直径の方を大きくしたも
のである。That is, the first aspect of the present invention is essentially a joint member having the same diameter, but in order to eliminate the high shear stress generated at the joint interface and give a residual compressive stress to the joint interface, the thermal expansion coefficient The diameter of the large member is made larger (preferably about 1.5 times or more) than the diameter of another member to be joined to it, and the joint is not flat, and the truncated cone is formed at the tip on the large diameter side. This is to form a concave portion, and to provide a convex portion having the same shape as the concave portion at the tip of the other small diameter side so that both form a friction surface. This shape can be the same diameter,
Since the heat capacity of the outer periphery of the member having the recessed portion is small, it is overheated and softened first, resulting in insufficient bonding. Therefore, the diameter of the member having the recessed portion having a large thermal expansion coefficient is increased.
【０００９】又、本発明の第二は円錐台状の凹みの斜面
（傾斜部分）に楔形又は半円形の溝を設け、摩擦圧接に
よって別の部材を、上記溝に喰い込ませて、圧接を完了
し、いわゆるアンカー効果によって接合強度を増大させ
ることを可能にしたものである。接合界面はいずれも圧
縮応力が残存する。In the second aspect of the present invention, a wedge-shaped or semi-circular groove is provided on the inclined surface (inclined portion) of a truncated cone-shaped recess, and another member is bited into the groove by friction welding to make pressure contact. It has been completed and made it possible to increase the bonding strength by the so-called anchor effect. Compressive stress remains at all of the bonding interfaces.
【００１０】[0010]
【作用】円錐台状の凹部と凸部をそれぞれ、接合すべき
部材の先端に加工し、該部を摩擦発熱させて、軸方向か
らアプセット加圧して、円錐台状の接合界面を構成させ
ることによって、又、両部材のうち、熱膨張係数の大き
い部材に円錐台状の凹部を設けることによって、摩擦圧
接後の冷却過程で接合面の斜面には圧縮応力が負荷さ
れ、接合強度が増加する。さらに、従来の平坦な継手面
より、広い接合面を有するので、面積の増加分に比例し
て接合強度を増加させることができる。Operation: Forming a truncated cone-shaped concave portion and a convex portion on the tips of the members to be joined, frictionally heat the portions, and press upset from the axial direction to form a truncated cone-shaped joining interface. By providing a truncated cone-shaped recess in a member having a large coefficient of thermal expansion among the two members, compressive stress is applied to the slope of the joint surface in the cooling process after friction welding, and the joint strength increases. . Further, since the joint surface is wider than the conventional flat joint surface, the joint strength can be increased in proportion to the increase in the area.
【００１１】一方、円錐台状の凹部の斜面に、楔形や半
円状の溝を加工することによって、更に接合面積の増大
といわゆるアンカー効果が期待できる。このように、本
発明によればかなり困難とされている異材継手の摩擦圧
接が可能になり、かつ信頼性の高い継手を有する部品の
製造ができる。On the other hand, by processing a wedge-shaped or semi-circular groove on the inclined surface of the truncated cone-shaped recess, it is possible to further increase the joint area and so-called anchor effect. As described above, according to the present invention, friction welding of dissimilar material joints, which is considered to be quite difficult, can be performed, and a component having a highly reliable joint can be manufactured.
【００１２】すなわち、本発明は異なる材料特性を積極
的に利用し、発生する残留応力を、継手強度の増大のた
めに活用する継手構造としたことであり、従来法で発生
していた接合界面の剪断応力は本発明では、そのほとん
どが接合界面の圧縮応力となり継手強度に対して有効に
作用するようにしたものである。That is, the present invention provides a joint structure in which different material characteristics are positively utilized and the residual stress generated is utilized to increase the joint strength. In the present invention, most of the shear stresses of (1) and (2) are compressive stresses at the joint interface, which effectively act on the joint strength.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】本発明の一実施例を図１によって説明し、本
発明の特徴と効果を明らかにする。図１において、部材
Ａ及びＢはそれぞれ異なった材料で、例としてＳＵＳ材
とＴｉ合金について説明する。ＳＵＳ３０４材とＴｉ−
６Ａｌ─４Ｖ材ではＳＵＳ３０４材の方がＴｉ−６Ａｌ
─４Ｖ材に比べ、熱膨張係数が大きいので、Ａ材はＳＵ
Ｓ３０４、Ｂ材はＴｉ−６Ａｌ─４Ｖ合金となる。この
場合、Ａ材の直径（ＤA ）とＢ材の直径（ＤB ）の関係
はＤA ≧１．５ＤB とすることが望ましい。このような
関係にするのはＤA を余り大きくすると材料が無駄とな
り、ＤA を小さくすると、Ａ材の外側が先に過熱されて
軟化し、アプセット加圧が有効に作用しなくなり接合不
十分となりやすいからである。したがって、材料の無駄
を少なくし高い接合強度を得るためにはＤA ＝１．５Ｄ
B が最も適当である。一方、凹みの深さ（ｄA ）も余り
深くすると加工が困難となる。したがって、実際的には
ｄA ＝１／２ＤB 程度が最も適当と言える。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 to clarify the features and effects of the present invention. In FIG. 1, members A and B are different materials, and a SUS material and a Ti alloy will be described as an example. SUS304 material and Ti-
In 6Al-4V material, SUS304 material is Ti-6Al
-Since the coefficient of thermal expansion is larger than that of 4V material, A material is SU
The S304 and B materials are Ti-6Al-4V alloy. In this case, it is desirable that the relationship between the diameter of the A material (D A ) and the diameter of the B material (D B ) is D A ≧ 1.5D B. If D A is made too large, the material becomes useless, and if D A is made small, the outside of the A material is first overheated and softened, and the upset pressurization does not work effectively, resulting in insufficient bonding. It is easy to become. Therefore, in order to reduce material waste and obtain high bonding strength, D A = 1.5D
B is the most suitable. On the other hand, if the depth (d A ) of the depression is too deep, processing becomes difficult. Therefore, in practice, it can be said that d A = 1/2 D B is most appropriate.
【００１４】図２は本発明の他の実施例を示すもので、
Ａ材に加工された円錐台状の凹みの傾斜面に、更に、楔
状又は半円状の溝１を設け、摩擦による発熱と軸方向の
アプセット力によって図３に示す接合面を形成し、接合
面に負荷される圧縮応力に楔効果をプラスしたものであ
る。なお、図３中、２はＢ材のバリを示す。FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
A wedge-shaped or semi-circular groove 1 is further provided on the inclined surface of the truncated conical recess processed into the material A, and the bonding surface shown in FIG. 3 is formed by the heat generated by friction and the axial upsetting force, and the bonding is performed. It is the compressive stress applied to the surface plus the wedge effect. In addition, in FIG. 3, 2 shows the burr of B material.
【００１５】図４は本発明の実施例によって確認された
摩擦圧接部の半径方向の応力分布を示したもので、接合
界面には全て圧縮応力が残り、特に外側へいくにつれて
その応力は著しく高くなっており、信頼性の高い継手が
得られた。FIG. 4 shows the stress distribution in the radial direction of the friction welded portion confirmed by the embodiment of the present invention. Compressive stress remains at the joint interface, and the stress is remarkably high especially toward the outside. Therefore, a highly reliable joint was obtained.
【００１６】図５は摩擦圧接直後の圧接断面の金属組織
を示す顕微鏡写真（倍率５倍）であり、本発明の摩擦圧
接法により異材が完全に接合していることが判る。本発
明の実施例によれば継手（接合部）の強度は母材強度以
上であった。FIG. 5 is a photomicrograph (magnification: 5 times) showing the metal structure of the press-welded section immediately after friction welding, and it can be seen that the dissimilar materials are completely joined by the friction-welding method of the present invention. According to the example of the present invention, the strength of the joint (joint portion) was higher than the strength of the base metal.
【００１７】[0017]
【発明の効果】本発明によれば、従来、接合が極めて困
難とされていた異材の摩擦圧接を可能にしたばかりでな
く、高い継手強度を得ることができる。According to the present invention, not only is it possible to perform friction welding of dissimilar materials, which has heretofore been extremely difficult to join, but it is possible to obtain high joint strength.
【図１】本発明の一実施例の説明図。FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の他の実施例の説明図。FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of another embodiment of the present invention.
【図３】図２に示した実施例による接合部の説明図。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a joint portion according to the embodiment shown in FIG.
【図４】本発明の異材継手に残留する応力分布を示す図
表。FIG. 4 is a chart showing a stress distribution remaining in the dissimilar material joint of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の方法によって接合した接合部の一例の
金属組織を示す顕微鏡写真。FIG. 5 is a micrograph showing a metallographic structure of an example of a joined portion joined by the method of the present invention.
【図６】従来の摩擦接合法の一態様の説明図。FIG. 6 is an explanatory view of one mode of a conventional friction joining method.
【図７】従来の摩擦接合法によって得られた継手の長手
方向の説明図。FIG. 7 is an explanatory view in the longitudinal direction of a joint obtained by a conventional friction welding method.
【図８】従来の摩擦接合法によって得られた異材継手に
残留する応力分布を示す図表。FIG. 8 is a chart showing a distribution of stress remaining in a dissimilar material joint obtained by a conventional friction welding method.
Claims (2)
異なる異材を摩擦圧接させるに際し、熱膨張係数の大き
な材料の直径を、これと接合する他の材料の直径よりも
大きくし、かつ大径側の先端に円錐形の凹みを設け、小
径側の先端には上記凹みと同一形状の凸部を設けてお
き、両材料を摩擦圧接させることを特徴とする異材の摩
擦圧接法。1. When friction-welding dissimilar materials having different material properties such as coefficient of thermal expansion and high temperature strength, the diameter of the material having a large coefficient of thermal expansion is made larger than the diameter of other materials to be joined thereto, A friction welding method for dissimilar materials, characterized in that a conical recess is provided at the radial end and a convex portion having the same shape as the recess is provided at the small diameter end, and both materials are frictionally welded to each other.
を設けてなることを特徴とする請求項１記載の異材の摩
擦圧接法。2. The friction welding method for dissimilar materials according to claim 1, wherein a groove is provided on the slope of the conical recess at the tip on the large diameter side.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20705092A JPH0647570A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1992-07-13 | Friction welding method for different material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20705092A JPH0647570A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1992-07-13 | Friction welding method for different material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0647570A true JPH0647570A (en) | 1994-02-22 |
Family
ID=16533382
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP20705092A Withdrawn JPH0647570A (en) | 1992-07-13 | 1992-07-13 | Friction welding method for different material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0647570A (en) |
Cited By (13)
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| EP0923145A2 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
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| DE102006021044A1 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2007-11-08 | Gesenkschmiede Schneider Gmbh | Friction welding and friction welded part |
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| US8631994B2 (en) | 2010-10-27 | 2014-01-21 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Friction-weld interface for an assembly |
| US9056189B2 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2015-06-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Guide wire |
| CN104759780A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-08 | 首都航天机械公司 | Friction welding connector structure |
| WO2016027650A1 (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-25 | オリジン電気株式会社 | Metal joined body and method for manufacturing metal joined body |
| CN109352167A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-19 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Different alloys composite construction connection method |
-
1992
- 1992-07-13 JP JP20705092A patent/JPH0647570A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6492037B2 (en) | 1997-07-11 | 2002-12-10 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| EP1962353A2 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 2008-08-27 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| EP0923145A3 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2001-04-25 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| US6692841B2 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 2004-02-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| EP0923145A2 (en) | 1997-11-19 | 1999-06-16 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| EP1962353A3 (en) * | 1997-11-19 | 2008-11-26 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Joined structure of dissimilar metallic materials |
| US9056189B2 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2015-06-16 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Guide wire |
| JP2007307423A (en) * | 2002-08-08 | 2007-11-29 | Terumo Corp | Guide wire |
| US9295814B2 (en) | 2002-08-08 | 2016-03-29 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Guide wire |
| US8109887B2 (en) | 2002-08-23 | 2012-02-07 | Terumo Kabushiki Kaisha | Guide wire |
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