WO2023145628A1 - Machine-outil, procédé de commande et programme de commande - Google Patents

Machine-outil, procédé de commande et programme de commande Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023145628A1
WO2023145628A1 PCT/JP2023/001627 JP2023001627W WO2023145628A1 WO 2023145628 A1 WO2023145628 A1 WO 2023145628A1 JP 2023001627 W JP2023001627 W JP 2023001627W WO 2023145628 A1 WO2023145628 A1 WO 2023145628A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
machining
abnormality
tool
processing
workpiece
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PCT/JP2023/001627
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
静雄 西川
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Dmg森精機株式会社
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Publication of WO2023145628A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023145628A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
    • B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/409—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using manual data input [MDI] or by using control panel, e.g. controlling functions with the panel; characterised by control panel details or by setting parameters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to machine tools, control methods, and control programs.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a device for supporting verification work of a machining program.
  • the device supports verification of the machining program by superimposing the trajectory of the tool on the three-dimensional model of the workpiece after machining.
  • processing abnormalities may occur when processing a workpiece.
  • the operator investigates the cause of the processing abnormality based on his/her own experience.
  • Patent Document 1 displays the trajectory of the tool superimposed on the three-dimensional model of the workpiece after machining.
  • the operator may not be able to investigate the cause of the machining abnormality by simply displaying the trajectory of the tool superimposed on the three-dimensional model. Therefore, there is a demand for a technique for assisting the work of investigating the cause of occurrence of the machining abnormality.
  • a machine tool includes a display, an operation unit for receiving an operation, a detection unit capable of detecting multiple types of machining abnormalities in a workpiece machined by the machine tool, and and a control unit for controlling the The control unit performs a process of displaying an image representing the work on the display, and, when a processing abnormality is detected by the detection unit, a predetermined abnormal portion corresponding to the location where the processing abnormality occurs in the image. and, when the operation unit receives an operation to select the abnormal part, a process of executing an abnormality countermeasure process according to the type of machining abnormality occurring in the abnormal part. to run.
  • the process of displaying the abnormal portion in the predetermined display mode includes displaying the abnormal portion in a different display mode according to the type of processing abnormality detected by the detection unit.
  • the plurality of types of processing anomalies include a first processing anomaly indicating that the work has a flaw, and a second processing anomaly indicating that the size of the work is not within a predetermined normal range. including.
  • control unit further includes a process of acquiring machining information defining a tool used in machining the workpiece and a machining path of the tool, and When an operation to select a corresponding abnormal portion is received, processing for identifying a tool involved in machining the selected abnormal portion based on the machining information, and information on the identified tool is displayed on the display. Executes the processing to be displayed on the
  • control unit when the operation unit receives an operation for selecting an abnormal portion corresponding to the second processing abnormality, the control unit further sets the processing conditions in each processing step of the workpiece as described above. Execute the processing to display on the display.
  • the machine tool includes a display, an operation section for receiving an operation, and a detection section capable of detecting multiple types of machining abnormalities in a workpiece machined by the machine tool.
  • the control program causes the machine tool to display an image representing the workpiece on the display; a step of displaying the image in a predetermined display mode; and, when the operation unit receives an operation to select the abnormal portion, an abnormality handling process corresponding to the type of processing abnormality occurring in the abnormal portion. to execute and to execute.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a generation screen that is an example of a generation screen for an interactive machining program. It is a figure for demonstrating the function of a tool information specific
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an example of screen transition when an abnormal portion on the confirmation screen is selected;
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing another example of screen transition when an abnormal portion on the confirmation screen is selected;
  • 10 is a flowchart showing the flow of display control of a confirmation screen;
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a machine tool 10. As shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 1 shows a machine tool 10 as a machining center.
  • the machine tool 10 may be a horizontal machining center or a vertical machining center.
  • the machine tool 10 is provided with an operation panel 20 for accepting operations.
  • the operation panel 20 includes a display 205 for displaying various information regarding machining, and operation keys 206 for receiving various operations for the machine tool 10 .
  • the machine tool 10 has a machining area AR1 and a tool area AR2. Each of the machining area AR1 and the tool area AR2 is partitioned by a cover.
  • a spindle head 130 is provided in the machining area AR1.
  • An ATC (Automatic Tool Changer) 160 and a magazine 170 are provided in the tool area AR2. Magazine 170 is configured to be able to hold a plurality of tools.
  • the ATC 160 attaches a designated tool among the tools held in the magazine 170 to the spindle head 130 through the door D provided in the partition between the machining area AR1 and the tool area AR2.
  • the door D is a sliding door, and is opened and closed by a driving source such as a motor.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a workpiece after machining and an example of a screen displayed on the display 205.
  • the machine tool 10 can detect a plurality of types of machining abnormalities in the workpiece W that has been machined.
  • An example of a processing anomaly is an anomaly indicating that there is a scratch on the workpiece (hereinafter also referred to as "flaw anomaly").
  • flaw abnormality of the work W may be caused by tool abnormality such as tool wear or tool chipping.
  • a processing abnormality is an abnormality indicating that the size of the workpiece is not within a predetermined normal range (hereinafter also referred to as "size abnormality").
  • size abnormality an abnormality indicating that the size of the workpiece is not within a predetermined normal range
  • the size anomaly of the work W may be caused by, for example, a tool anomaly, a machining program bug, an anomaly of other parts in the machine tool 10, or the like.
  • the cause of a processing abnormality differs depending on the type of processing abnormality, so the operator conducts cause investigation work according to the type of processing abnormality that has occurred.
  • the operator confirms whether or not the tool is damaged.
  • the operator checks the machining conditions, tool abnormality, and the like in each machining process. Therefore, the machine tool 10 carries out anomaly coping processing according to the type of machining anomaly, and assists the operator in investigating the cause.
  • step S1 it is assumed that the machining of the workpiece W is completed in step S1. At this time, it is assumed that the portion P0A of the workpiece W has a scratch abnormality and the portion P0B of the workpiece W has a size abnormality.
  • step S2 the operation panel 20 displays a confirmation screen 230 on the display 205.
  • Confirmation screen 230 includes display area 233 and display area 235 .
  • the display area 233 displays the image IM1.
  • the image IM1 is a two-dimensional image representing the workpiece W.
  • FIG. The image IM1 is generated by projectively transforming a three-dimensional model MD (see FIG. 4), which will be described later, from a specific viewpoint.
  • the three-dimensional model MD is three-dimensional data representing the shape of the workpiece W after or during machining.
  • the data format of the three-dimensional model MD is arbitrary.
  • the three-dimensional model MD may be a wireframe model whose three-dimensional shape is defined by a combination of points and lines, or a surface model whose three-dimensional shape is defined by a combination of surfaces.
  • it may be a spatial grid model in which information indicating the presence or absence or type of an object is associated with each three-dimensional coordinate value.
  • Each of the abnormal parts P1A and P1B may be highlighted in the same display manner or may be highlighted in different display manners.
  • the machine tool 10 highlights the abnormal portions P1A and P1B in different display modes according to the type of machining abnormality detected.
  • the machine tool 10 may display the type of machining abnormality in parallel with each of the abnormal portions P1A and P1B.
  • the type of machining error is indicated by, for example, the name of the machining error.
  • the error handling process to be carried out is defined in advance for each processing error type.
  • the operation panel 20 performs the first abnormality handling process.
  • the first abnormality handling process includes displaying useful information in the display area 235 for investigating the cause of the wound abnormality.
  • the display area 235 displays information about the tools involved in machining the abnormal portion P1A. This allows the operator to investigate the cause of the abnormal wound.
  • the operation panel 20 performs a second abnormality handling process different from the first abnormality handling process.
  • the second abnormality handling process includes displaying useful information in the display area 235 for investigating the cause of the size abnormality.
  • the display area 235 displays processing conditions for processing the abnormal portion P1B. This allows the operator to investigate the cause of the size abnormality.
  • FIG. 2 shows an example in which two abnormal portions P1A and P1B are highlighted on the image IM1. A part is highlighted on the image IM1. Further, when three or more processing abnormalities are detected, abnormal portions of the three abnormalities are highlighted on the image IM1.
  • one direction of the horizontal plane is hereinafter referred to as the Y-axis direction.
  • one direction on the horizontal plane orthogonal to the Y-axis direction is referred to as the Z-axis direction.
  • a direction perpendicular to both the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction (that is, the vertical direction) is referred to as the X-axis direction.
  • the operation panel 20 communicates with the CNC unit 30, for example, via a communication path NW1 (eg, wireless LAN, wired LAN, field network, etc.). Further, operation panel 20 communicates with camera 140 via communication path NW2 (for example, wireless LAN, wired LAN, field network, etc.).
  • NW1 eg, wireless LAN, wired LAN, field network, etc.
  • NW2 for example, wireless LAN, wired LAN, field network, etc.
  • An image processing program is installed in the operation panel 20, and various image processing is performed on the image acquired from the camera 140.
  • the spindle head 130 includes a spindle tube 131 and a spindle 132 .
  • the main shaft 132 is rotatably supported by the main shaft tube 131 .
  • a tool 134 selected from a magazine 170 (see FIG. 1) is mounted on the spindle 132 .
  • the tool 134 rotates in conjunction with the spindle 132 .
  • the rotation drive section 110A is a drive mechanism for changing the angle of the main shaft 132.
  • the rotation driving unit 110A rotates about the X-axis direction (A-axis), about the Y-axis direction (B-axis), and about the Z-axis direction. Adjust at least one angle of the direction (C-axis).
  • the device configuration of the rotation drive unit 110A is arbitrary.
  • the rotation driving section 110A may be composed of a single driving unit, or may be composed of a plurality of driving units. In the example of FIG. 3, the rotation driving section 110A is composed of servo drivers 111B and 111C.
  • the position drive section 110B is a drive mechanism for changing the position of the main shaft 132.
  • position driver 110B adjusts at least one position in the X-axis direction, Y-axis direction, and Z-axis direction.
  • the device configuration of the position driving section 110B is arbitrary.
  • the position driving section 110B may be composed of a single driving unit, or may be composed of a plurality of driving units. In the example of FIG. 3, the position driving section 110B is composed of servo drivers 111X to 111Z.
  • the servo driver 111B sequentially receives input of the target rotational speed from the CNC unit 30 and controls a servomotor (not shown) for rotating the spindle head 130 in the B-axis direction.
  • the servo driver 111C sequentially receives input of the target rotational speed from the CNC unit 30, and controls a servomotor (not shown) for rotationally driving the main shaft 132 in a rotational direction about the axial direction of the main shaft 132. .
  • the servo driver 111C calculates the actual rotation speed of the servomotor from a feedback signal of an encoder (not shown) for detecting the rotation angle of the servomotor, and the actual rotation speed is the target rotation speed. If the actual rotation speed is higher than the target rotation speed, the rotation speed of the servo motor is lowered. In this way, the servo driver 111C brings the rotation speed of the servomotor closer to the target rotation speed while sequentially receiving the feedback of the rotation speed of the servomotor. Thereby, the servo driver 111C adjusts the rotation speed of the main shaft 132 in the rotation direction with the axial direction of the main shaft 132 as the rotation center.
  • the servo driver 111X sequentially receives input of target positions from the CNC unit 30 and controls a servo motor (not shown).
  • the servomotor feeds and drives a moving body to which the spindle head 130 is attached via a ball screw (not shown) to move the spindle head 130 to an arbitrary position in the X-axis direction.
  • the method of controlling the servomotor by the servo driver 111X is the same as that of the servo drivers 111B and 111C, so the description thereof will not be repeated.
  • the servo driver 111Z sequentially receives input of target positions from the CNC unit 30 and controls a servo motor (not shown).
  • the servomotor feeds and drives a moving body to which the spindle head 130 is attached via a ball screw (not shown) to move the spindle 132 to an arbitrary position in the Z-axis direction.
  • the method of controlling the servomotor by the servo driver 111Z is the same as that of the servo drivers 111B and 111C, so the description thereof will not be repeated.
  • the magazine drive unit 110M is a drive mechanism for rotationally driving the magazine 170 (see FIG. 1) described above.
  • the device configuration of the magazine drive unit 110M is arbitrary.
  • the magazine driving section 110M may be composed of a single driving unit, or may be composed of a plurality of driving units.
  • the magazine driving section 110M includes a servo driver (not shown).
  • the servo driver sequentially receives target position inputs from the CNC unit 30 and controls a servo motor (not shown).
  • the servo motor rotates the magazine 170 and moves a designated tool among the tools held by the magazine 170 to an arbitrary position.
  • the magazine driving section 110M may be configured by another motor driver.
  • the magazine driver 110M may be configured with one or more motor drivers for stepping motors.
  • the camera 140 is configured to photograph the tool 134 attached to the spindle 132.
  • the camera 140 may be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device) camera, an infrared camera (thermography), or other types of cameras.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the operation panel 20. As shown in FIG. 4
  • the operation panel 20 includes a control circuit 201, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 202, a RAM (Random Access Memory) 203, a communication interface 204, a display 205, operation keys 206, and an auxiliary storage device 220. These components are connected to the internal bus B2.
  • the control circuit 201 is composed of, for example, at least one integrated circuit.
  • Integrated circuits include, for example, at least one CPU (Central Processing Unit), at least one GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), at least one ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit), at least one FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array), or It can be configured by a combination of
  • the control circuit 201 controls the operation of the operation panel 20 by executing various programs such as the control program 221.
  • Control program 221 is a program for realizing various processes according to the present embodiment.
  • the control circuit 201 reads out the programs from the auxiliary storage device 220 or the ROM 202 to the RAM 203 based on the execution instructions of various programs.
  • a RAM 203 functions as a working memory and temporarily stores various data necessary for executing various programs.
  • the communication interface 204 is a communication unit for realizing communication using a LAN (Local Area Network) cable, WLAN, Bluetooth (registered trademark), or the like.
  • the operation panel 20 realizes communication with an external device such as the CNC unit 30 (see FIG. 3) via the communication interface 204 .
  • the display 205 is, for example, a liquid crystal display, organic EL display, or other display device.
  • the display 205 sends an image signal for displaying an image to the display 205 according to a command from the control circuit 201 or the like.
  • the display 205 is configured by, for example, a touch panel, and receives various operations for the machine tool 10 by touch operations.
  • the operation key 206 is composed of a plurality of hardware keys and accepts various user operations on the operation panel 20. A signal corresponding to the pressed key is output to the control circuit 201 .
  • the auxiliary storage device 220 is, for example, a storage medium such as a hard disk or flash memory.
  • Auxiliary storage device 220 stores control program 221, abnormality information 222, machining information 223, tool database 224, three-dimensional model MD, and the like. Details of the abnormality information 222, the machining information 223, and the tool database 224 will be described later.
  • the storage locations of the control program 221, the abnormality information 222, the machining information 223, the tool database 224, and the three-dimensional model MD are not limited to the auxiliary storage device 220, but may be a storage area (for example, cache memory) of the control circuit 201, the ROM 202, It may be stored in the RAM 203, an external device (eg, server), or the like.
  • control program 221 may be provided not as a standalone program but as part of an arbitrary program. In this case, various processes according to the present embodiment are implemented in cooperation with arbitrary programs. Even a program that does not include such a part of modules does not deviate from the gist of control program 221 according to the present embodiment. Furthermore, some or all of the functions provided by the control program 221 may be realized by dedicated hardware. Furthermore, the operation panel 20 may be configured in a form such as a so-called cloud service in which at least one server executes part of the processing of the control program 221 .
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of the CNC unit 30. As shown in FIG. 5
  • the CNC unit 30 includes a control circuit 301 , a ROM 302 , a RAM 303 , communication interfaces 304 and 305 , a fieldbus controller 306 and an auxiliary storage device 320 . These components are connected to the internal bus B3.
  • the control circuit 301 is composed of, for example, at least one integrated circuit.
  • An integrated circuit may be comprised of, for example, at least one CPU, at least one GPU, at least one ASIC, at least one FPGA, or combinations thereof.
  • the control circuit 301 controls the operation of the CNC unit 30 by executing various programs such as a detection program 322 and a machining program 323.
  • the detection program 322 is a program for detecting a machining abnormality that has occurred in the machine tool 10 .
  • the machining program 323 is a program that defines machining instructions for the workpiece.
  • the control circuit 301 reads the programs from the ROM 302 to the RAM 303 based on receiving execution instructions for various programs such as the detection program 322 and the processing program 323 .
  • a RAM 303 functions as a working memory and temporarily stores various data necessary for program execution.
  • the communication interfaces 304 and 305 are communication units for realizing communication using LAN, WLAN, Bluetooth, or the like.
  • CNC unit 30 exchanges data with an external device (for example, operation panel 20 ) via communication interface 304 . Also, the CNC unit 30 exchanges data with an external device (for example, a server) via the communication interface 305 .
  • the fieldbus controller 306 is a communication unit for realizing communication with various units connected to the fieldbus.
  • units connected to the field bus include the above-described rotation driving section 110A (see FIG. 3), the above-described position driving section 110B (see FIG. 3), and the above-described magazine driving section 110M (see FIG. 3). mentioned.
  • the auxiliary storage device 320 is, for example, a storage medium such as a hard disk or flash memory.
  • the auxiliary storage device 320 stores a detection program 322, a machining program 323, and the like. These storage locations are not limited to the auxiliary storage device 320, but may be stored in the storage area of the control circuit 301 (eg, cache memory), ROM 302, RAM 303, external equipment (eg, server), and the like.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration for detecting processing abnormality.
  • the machine tool 10 includes a detector 51, a camera 140, a radar scanner 142, and a touch probe 144.
  • the detection unit 51 acquires physical quantities representing the shape of the work from sensors such as the camera 140, the radar scanner 142, and the touch probe 144. Then, the detection unit 51 detects various processing abnormalities of the workpiece based on the acquired physical quantity. Processing anomalies that can be detected by the detection unit 51 include, for example, work flaw anomalies and work size anomalies.
  • the detection unit 51 may be mounted on the operation panel 20 described above, or may be mounted on the CNC unit 30 described above. Alternatively, the detector 51 may be mounted on a device other than the operation panel 20 and the CNC unit 30 . Typically, the detection section 51 is mounted on the CNC unit 30 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a flaw abnormality of the workpiece based on the image acquired from the camera 140 .
  • the camera 140 is provided, for example, in the above-described processing area AR1 (see FIG. 1) so as to be able to photograph the workpiece.
  • camera 140 is installed on the ceiling of processing area AR1.
  • the detection unit 51 searches for the scratched portion of the work within the work image obtained from the camera 140 .
  • Various existing image processing is used for the search processing of the damaged portion.
  • a damaged portion of a workpiece is recognized using a trained model.
  • a trained model is generated in advance by a learning process using a learning data set.
  • CNN convolutional neural network
  • FCN full-layer convolutional neural network
  • support vector machine etc.
  • the detection unit 51 shifts a predetermined rectangular area on the work image obtained from the camera 140, and sequentially inputs partial images within the rectangular area to the learned model. Upon receiving an input of a partial image, the learned model outputs the probability that the partial image shows the damaged portion. The detection unit 51 detects the damaged portion based on the fact that the probability exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the coordinate values of the damaged portion in the image are converted into coordinate values on the three-dimensional model MD based on a predetermined coordinate conversion formula.
  • the coordinate conversion formula is predetermined based on the positional relationship between the installation position of the camera 140 and the installation position of the workpiece.
  • the coordinate values on the three-dimensional model MD are written in the abnormality information 222 after being associated with the workpiece identification information and the machining abnormality type.
  • the work identification information defined in the abnormality information 222 is information for uniquely identifying the work.
  • the identification information may be represented by a number string such as ID (Identification), or may be represented by a character string such as a work name.
  • the abnormality identification information defined in the abnormality information 222 is information for uniquely identifying the type of processing abnormality.
  • the abnormality identification information may be represented by a number string such as an ID (Identification), or may be represented by a character string such as a processed abnormality name.
  • the detection unit 51 When detecting a flaw abnormality, the detection unit 51 associates a location (coordinate value) in the workpiece where the flaw abnormality occurs, identification information of the workpiece, and abnormality identification information indicating the flaw abnormality with each other. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a flaw abnormality by, for example, comparing the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece obtained from the radar scanner 142 with the three-dimensional shape of the correct value prepared in advance. As another example, the detection unit 51 calculates the roughness of each surface in the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece obtained from the radar scanner 142, and detects the flaw abnormality when the roughness exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the detection unit 51 When detecting a flaw abnormality, the detection unit 51 associates a location (coordinate value) in the workpiece where the flaw abnormality occurs, identification information of the workpiece, and abnormality identification information indicating the flaw abnormality with each other. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a flaw abnormality of the workpiece based on the detection value of the touch probe 144.
  • the touch probe 144 is a contact sensor capable of measuring the distance to the work by contacting the work.
  • the touch probe 144 is configured to be attachable to the spindle 132, for example.
  • the touch probe 144 acquires the shape of the workpiece on the scanning plane by scanning the workpiece surface.
  • the detection unit 51 detects a flaw abnormality by comparing the workpiece shape obtained from the touch probe 144 with a predetermined correct value. As another example, the detection unit 51 calculates the surface roughness based on the workpiece shape obtained from the touch probe 144, and detects the flaw abnormality when the roughness exceeds a predetermined value.
  • the detection unit 51 When detecting a flaw abnormality, the detection unit 51 associates a location (coordinate value) in the workpiece where the flaw abnormality occurs, identification information of the workpiece, and abnormality identification information indicating the flaw abnormality with each other. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a workpiece size abnormality based on the workpiece image obtained from the camera 140 . More specifically, machine tool 10 searches for a workpiece portion from the workpiece image. Various existing image processing is used for the search processing of the work portion. As an example, the work part is recognized using a trained model. A trained model is generated in advance by a learning process using a learning data set.
  • the learning data set contains multiple learning images that show the work. Each learning image is associated with a label indicating whether or not the workpiece is shown.
  • the internal parameters of the trained model are optimized in advance by learning processing using such a learning data set.
  • CNN convolutional neural network
  • FCN full-layer convolutional neural network
  • support vector machine etc.
  • the detection unit 51 shifts a predetermined rectangular area on the work image obtained from the camera 140, and sequentially inputs partial images within the rectangular area to the learned model. Upon receiving an input of a partial image, the trained model outputs the probability that the partial image includes the work portion. The detection unit 51 detects the workpiece portion based on the fact that the probability exceeds a predetermined value. After that, the detection unit 51 detects a work size abnormality when the size of the work portion (for example, various widths, areas, etc.) is not within a predetermined normal range.
  • the coordinate values of the abnormal size portion in the image are converted into coordinate values on the three-dimensional model MD based on a predetermined coordinate conversion formula.
  • the coordinate conversion formula is predetermined based on the positional relationship between the installation position of the camera 140 and the installation position of the workpiece.
  • the coordinate values on the three-dimensional model MD are written in the abnormality information 222 after being associated with the workpiece identification information and the machining abnormality type.
  • the detection unit 51 correlates the location (coordinate values) in the work where the size abnormality occurs, the identification information of the work, and the abnormality identification information indicating the size abnormality. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a workpiece size abnormality based on the detection value of the radar scanner 142 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects the size abnormality by comparing the three-dimensional shape of the workpiece obtained from the radar scanner 142 with the three-dimensional shape of the correct value prepared in advance.
  • the detection unit 51 correlates the location (coordinate values) in the work where the size abnormality occurs, the identification information of the work, and the abnormality identification information indicating the size abnormality. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 detects a workpiece size abnormality based on the detection value of the touch probe 144 .
  • the detection unit 51 acquires the width of each portion of the work from the touch probe 144, and detects the size abnormality of the work when the width is not within a predetermined normal range.
  • the detection unit 51 correlates the location (coordinate values) in the work where the size abnormality occurs, the identification information of the work, and the abnormality identification information indicating the size abnormality. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • the detection unit 51 correlates the location (coordinate values) in the work where the size abnormality occurs, the identification information of the work, and the abnormality identification information indicating the size abnormality. Write to the abnormality information 222 .
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the functional configuration of the machine tool 10. As shown in FIG.
  • the machine tool 10 includes a control section 50 for controlling the machine tool 10.
  • the “control unit 50 ” referred to in this specification means a device that controls the machine tool 10 .
  • the control unit 50 is mainly responsible for display control of the machine tool 10.
  • the device configuration of the control unit 50 is arbitrary.
  • the control section 50 may be composed of a single control unit, or may be composed of a plurality of control units.
  • the control unit 50 includes a screen display unit 52 and an execution unit 53. These functional configurations will be described in order below.
  • all of the functional configuration shown in FIG. 7 may be implemented in the operation panel 20 described above, or may be implemented in the CNC unit 30 described above.
  • part of the functional configuration shown in FIG. 7 may be implemented in the operation panel 20 described above, and the rest of the functional configuration may be implemented in the CNC unit 30 described above.
  • part of the functional configuration shown in FIG. 7 may be implemented in devices other than the operation panel 20 and the CNC unit 30 .
  • the screen display unit 52 displays a confirmation screen 230 on the display 205 of the operation panel 20 based on the abnormality information 222 and the three-dimensional model MD of the workpiece.
  • confirmation screen 230 includes display area 233 and display area 235 .
  • the display area 233 displays a two-dimensional image IM1 representing the three-dimensional model MD from a specific viewpoint.
  • the image IM1 is a two-dimensional image representing the workpiece W.
  • the screen display unit 52 uses the projection conversion formula used when the image IM1 is generated from the three-dimensional model MD to convert the three-dimensional coordinate values defined in the abnormality information 222 (see FIG. 6) into the image IM1. Convert to two-dimensional coordinate values in Then, the screen display unit 52 highlights the position within the image IM1 indicated by the two-dimensional coordinate values in a display manner different from that of other portions. In the example of FIG. 2, the abnormal portion P1A and the abnormal portion P1B are highlighted.
  • the execution unit 53 When the operation panel 20 receives an operation to select an abnormal portion on the confirmation screen 230, the execution unit 53 performs an abnormality handling process according to the type of machining abnormality occurring in the abnormal portion.
  • the execution unit 53 includes a used tool identification unit 54, a tool information identification unit 56, a machining condition identification unit 58, an information display unit 60, and a drive control unit 62. including.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the function of the used tool identification unit 54. As shown in FIG.
  • the used tool identifying unit 54 identifies the used tool that has machined the abnormal portion selected on the confirmation screen 230 based on the machining information 223 shown in FIG.
  • the machining information 223 defines at least a tool to be used for machining a workpiece and a machining path of the tool to be used.
  • the machining information 223 includes the starting point of the machining path, the end point of the machining path, the type of tool used, the type of machining path, and the G code for realizing machining on the machining path. , defined for each processing path.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a creation screen 250, which is an example of an interactive machining program creation screen.
  • Generation screen 250 is displayed, for example, on display 205 of operation panel 20 .
  • the generation screen 250 shows icons 21 to 27 for designating the machining path.
  • Each of the icons 21 to 27 is associated with a program code (eg, G code) or the like for realizing the processing indicated by the icon. Machining paths, tools to be used, and the like are defined in the program code.
  • G code program code
  • Icons 21 to 27 shown in FIG. 9 show some of the icons that can be selected by the user.
  • the user can generate an arbitrary machining program by selecting various icons according to dialogue.
  • the machining information 223 defines information defining the machining path and the tools used on the machining path.
  • a three-dimensional model MD of the workpiece obtained by machining based on the machining information 223 may be further generated.
  • the machining information 223 may be any information including at least a tool used for machining a workpiece and a machining path of the tool.
  • the machining information 223 may be the machining program itself.
  • the function of generating the machining program by the interactive automatic generation function was explained, but the machining program may be designed by the operator writing the program code.
  • the tool-to-be-used identifying unit 54 identifies machining paths corresponding to specified locations on the three-dimensional model MD as path candidates from among the machining paths defined in the machining information 223 . More specifically, the used tool identification unit 54 calculates the distance between each machining path defined in the machining information 223 and the specified location on the three-dimensional model MD.
  • the used tool identification unit 54 identifies machining paths whose calculated distance is equal to or less than a predetermined value as path candidates. In another aspect, the used tool identification unit 54 identifies a predetermined number of machining paths with the shortest calculated distances as path candidates. The predetermined number is an integer of 1 or more.
  • the used tool identifying unit 54 refers to the machining information 223 to identify the tool type associated with the identified path candidate.
  • the specified tool is regarded as the used tool involved in machining the specified location on the three-dimensional model MD.
  • “tool B" is specified as the tool to be used.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the function of the tool information specifying section 56. As shown in FIG.
  • the tool information specifying unit 56 specifies tool information related to the used tool specified by the used tool specifying unit 54 .
  • the tool information specifying unit 56 acquires the tool database 224 shown in FIG.
  • the tool database 224 may be pre-stored in the machine tool 10, or may be obtained from an external server.
  • the tool database 224 defines tool information for each tool.
  • the tool information includes a tool number for uniquely identifying a tool, a tool type indicating the type of tool, a tool name, tool size information such as tool diameter and tool length, and a tool image representing the tool. including.
  • the tool information identification unit 56 identifies the tool type corresponding to the used tool identified by the used tool identification unit 54 from among the tool types defined in the tool database 224 . After that, the tool information specifying unit 56 acquires tool information associated with the specified tool type. In the example of FIG. 10, tool information related to "tool B" is acquired.
  • the acquired tool information includes, for example, at least one of a tool name, tool size information such as tool diameter and tool length, and a tool image.
  • tool size information such as tool diameter and tool length is defined in advance in the tool database 224
  • the tool size may be specified by other methods.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the function of the machining condition specifying unit 58. As shown in FIG.
  • machining conditions are defined in the order of machining steps.
  • the machining condition identification unit 58 acquires the machining conditions 226 in each machining process of the workpiece based on the machining information 223 when a predetermined specific machining abnormality occurs.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram showing an example of screen transition when the abnormal portion P1A on the confirmation screen 230 is selected.
  • the information display unit 60 acquires the information of the tool involved in machining the abnormal portion P1A from the used tool identification unit 54 described above. and display the information.
  • Information about the tool used involved in machining the abnormal portion P1A is displayed in the display area 235 of the confirmation screen 230, for example.
  • the name of the used tool is displayed in display area 235 .
  • the information display section 60 displays the information of the tool involved in machining the abnormal portion P1A. Take action.
  • tool abnormality such as tool wear or tool chipping. Therefore, by displaying the information of the tool involved in the machining of the abnormal portion P1A, the operator can easily identify the tool that caused the scratch abnormality.
  • the information display section 60 may display not only the name of the used tool involved in machining the abnormal portion P1A, but also other tool information related to the used tool.
  • the other tool information includes size information of the used tool.
  • the size information includes at least one of the tool diameter of the used tool and the tool length of the used tool.
  • the other tool information includes a tool image representing the used tool.
  • the operator can confirm the state of the tool involved in the machining of the abnormal portion P1A on the image, and can discover wear and tear of the tool.
  • the other tool information includes the machining path of the used tool.
  • the machining path is displayed, for example, superimposed on the image IM1. This allows the operator to visually understand the machining path of the tool to be used.
  • the information display unit 60 refers to the above-described machining information 223 (see FIG. 8) to identify the machining path associated with the used tool. Since the machining path is indicated as a path in the three-dimensional space, the information display unit 60 converts the path into a two-dimensional machining path by projection conversion with reference to the projection direction of the three-dimensional model MD. After that, the information display unit 60 displays the two-dimensional machining path superimposed on the image IM1.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of screen transition when the abnormal portion P1B on the confirmation screen 230 is selected.
  • the processing conditions 226 in each processing step are displayed, for example, in the display area 235 of the confirmation screen 230. At this time, all of the processing conditions 226 may be displayed in the display area 235 , or part of the processing conditions 226 may be displayed in the display area 235 .
  • the information display unit 60 displays all of the processing conditions 226 in the display area 235. At this time, the information display unit 60 may specify the processing conditions for processing the abnormal portion P1B, and display the processing conditions in a manner different from other processing conditions.
  • the information display unit 60 displays part of the processing conditions 226 in the display area 235. At this time, the information display unit 60 extracts the processing conditions for processing the abnormal portion P1B, displays the processing conditions in the display area 235, and does not display the other processing conditions in the display area 235.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic representation of the processing conditions 226 in the display area 235.
  • the machining conditions displayed in the display area 235 are, for example, the tool used in each machining step, the machining path of the tool, the rotation speed of the spindle on which the tool is mounted, and the feed rate of the spindle. At least one.
  • the information display section 60 displays not only tool information but also various information such as machining paths.
  • the information display unit 60 is more sensitive than when the operation of selecting the abnormal portion P1A corresponding to the wound abnormality is accepted. also increase the amount of information displayed.
  • the information display unit 60 displays the machining path for each tool superimposed on the image IM1. This allows the operator to visually understand the machining path of each tool.
  • the information display unit 60 refers to the above-described machining information 223 (see FIG. 8) or the above-described machining conditions 226 (see FIG. 11) to display the machining path associated with each tool. Identify. Since the machining path is indicated as a path in the three-dimensional space, the information display unit 60 converts the path into a two-dimensional machining path by projection conversion with reference to the projection direction of the three-dimensional model MD. After that, the information display unit 60 displays the two-dimensional machining path superimposed on the image IM1.
  • the used tools displayed in the display area 235 may be configured to be selectable. Based on the selection of one tool in use from among the tools in use displayed in the display area 235, the drive control unit 62 predetermines the one tool in use in the magazine 170 (see FIG. 1).
  • the magazine driving section 110M (see FIG. 3) is controlled so as to drive to the selected position.
  • the predetermined position is a position from which the operator can take out the tool, and is defined in advance in the magazine 170 control program.
  • the operator can visually check the condition of the tool used in the part where the machining abnormality has occurred, and can discover wear and defects of the tool.
  • FIG. 14 is a flow chart showing the flow of display control of the confirmation screen 230 described above.
  • the processing shown in FIG. 14 is implemented by the control unit 50 of the machine tool 10 executing the control program 221 described above. In other aspects, part or all of the processing may be performed by circuit elements or other hardware.
  • step S110 the control unit 50 determines whether or not the operation for calling the confirmation screen 230 described above has been accepted.
  • the user can call the confirmation screen 230 by, for example, touch operation on the display 205 of the operation panel 20 or key input on the operation keys 206 on the operation panel 20 .
  • control unit 50 determines that an operation to call confirmation screen 230 has been received (YES in step S110)
  • control unit 50 switches control to step S112. Otherwise (NO in step S110), control unit 50 executes the process of step S110 again.
  • step S112 the control unit 50 functions as the screen display unit 52 (see FIG. 7) and displays the confirmation screen 230 on the display 205 of the operation panel 20.
  • the confirmation screen 230 is configured to read the three-dimensional model MD of the workpiece, and displays an image IM1, which is a projected image of the read three-dimensional model MD, in the display area 233 .
  • step S114 the control unit 50 functions as the screen display unit 52 (see FIG. 7), refers to the abnormality information 222 described above, and highlights the abnormal portion in which the processing abnormality occurs in the image IM1.
  • step S120 the control unit 50 determines whether or not it has received an operation to select the abnormal portion highlighted in the image IM1.
  • the selection operation is performed, for example, by a touch operation on the display 205 of the operation panel 20 or a key input on the operation keys 206 on the operation panel 20 .
  • control unit 50 determines that an operation to select the abnormal portion highlighted in image IM1 has been received (YES in step S120)
  • control unit 50 switches control to step S122. Otherwise (NO in step S120), control unit 50 switches control to step S130.
  • step S122 the control unit 50 functions as the execution unit 53 (see FIG. 7), identifies a machining abnormality occurring in the abnormal portion selected in step S120, and performs an abnormality handling process corresponding to the machining abnormality. implement. Since the function of execution unit 53 is as described above, the description thereof will not be repeated.
  • step S130 the control unit 50 determines whether or not one of the tools displayed in the display area 235 of the confirmation screen 230 has been selected.
  • the user can select the tool to be used by, for example, touch operation on the display 205 of the operation panel 20 or key input on the operation keys 206 of the operation panel 20 .
  • control unit 50 switches control to step S132. Otherwise (NO in step S130), control unit 50 switches control to step S140.
  • control unit 50 functions as the drive control unit 62 (see FIG. 7), and identifies the used tool selected at step S130 from among the tools held in the magazine 170 (see FIG. 1). , controls the magazine driving section 110M (see FIG. 3) so as to drive the used tool to a predetermined position.
  • step S140 the control unit 50 determines whether or not an operation to close the confirmation screen 230 (see FIG. 2) has been accepted.
  • the user can close the confirmation screen 230 by, for example, touch operation on the display 205 of the operation panel 20 or key input on the operation keys 206 on the operation panel 20 .
  • control unit 50 determines that an operation to close confirmation screen 230 has been accepted (YES in step S140)
  • the process shown in FIG. 14 is terminated. Otherwise (NO in step S140), control unit 50 returns to step S120.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)
  • Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine-outil (10) qui comprend : un dispositif d'affichage (205) ; une unité d'opération (20) pour accepter une opération ; une unité de détection (51) capable de détecter une pluralité de types d'anomalies de traitement concernant une pièce à travailler traitée par la machine-outil (10) ; et une unité de commande (50) pour commander la machine-outil (10). L'unité de commande (50) exécute : un traitement consistant à afficher une image représentant la pièce sur l'affichage (205) ; effectuer, lorsqu'une anomalie de traitement est détectée par l'unité de détection (51), l'affichage d'une partie anormale correspondant à un site d'apparition de l'anomalie de traitement dans un mode d'affichage prédéterminé dans l'image ; et effectuer, lorsque l'unité d'opération (20) a accepté une opération de sélection de la partie anormale, un traitement de réponse d'anomalie correspondant au type de l'anomalie de traitement se produisant dans la partie anormale.
PCT/JP2023/001627 2022-01-25 2023-01-20 Machine-outil, procédé de commande et programme de commande WO2023145628A1 (fr)

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JP2022009181A JP7135225B1 (ja) 2022-01-25 2022-01-25 工作機械、制御方法、および制御プログラム
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013129036A (ja) * 2011-12-22 2013-07-04 Fanuc Ltd 機上計測装置を有する工作機械
WO2018225159A1 (fr) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-13 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de traitement d'informations et procédé d'identification de défaut d'usinage
JP2020187488A (ja) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-19 株式会社リコー 状態監視装置及びプログラム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2599206B2 (ja) * 1989-12-08 1997-04-09 オ−クマ株式会社 数値制御情報作成装置
JP2019095951A (ja) 2017-11-21 2019-06-20 三菱重工工作機械株式会社 加工状態表示装置、加工システム、加工状態表示方法、プログラム

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2013129036A (ja) * 2011-12-22 2013-07-04 Fanuc Ltd 機上計測装置を有する工作機械
WO2018225159A1 (fr) * 2017-06-06 2018-12-13 三菱電機株式会社 Dispositif de traitement d'informations et procédé d'identification de défaut d'usinage
JP2020187488A (ja) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-19 株式会社リコー 状態監視装置及びプログラム

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