WO2023143620A1 - 一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 - Google Patents

一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023143620A1
WO2023143620A1 PCT/CN2023/073894 CN2023073894W WO2023143620A1 WO 2023143620 A1 WO2023143620 A1 WO 2023143620A1 CN 2023073894 W CN2023073894 W CN 2023073894W WO 2023143620 A1 WO2023143620 A1 WO 2023143620A1
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Prior art keywords
reference signals
domain sequence
reference signal
frequency domain
frequency
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PCT/CN2023/073894
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曲秉玉
李博
龚名新
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023143620A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023143620A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
    • H04L25/03305—Joint sequence estimation and interference removal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03159—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the frequency domain
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L25/00—Baseband systems
    • H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
    • H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
    • H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
    • H04L25/03178—Arrangements involving sequence estimation techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular to a communication method, device and computer-readable storage medium.
  • the demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS) is a kind of reference signal used for uplink or downlink channel estimation, and then demodulation data.
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • DMRS for different layers of data including DMRS for multi-layer data of the same user equipment (UE) in a single user multiple input multiple output (SU-MIMO) system, and multi-user multiple input multiple output System (multiple user multiple input multiple output, MU-MIMO) DMRS for multi-layer data of multiple UEs, by using different DMRS cyclic shift (cyclic shift, CS) and/or orthogonal mask (orthogonal cover code, OCC ) for orthogonalization, to distinguish different layers of data multiplexed by the user space or to distinguish different UEs.
  • DMRS cyclic shift cyclic shift, CS
  • orthogonal mask orthogonal mask
  • configuration type 1 In the existing 5G NR standard, according to the frequency domain resource configuration of DMRS, it can be divided into configuration type 1 (configuration type 1) and configuration type 2 (configuration type 2).
  • configuration type 2 In configuration type 2 (configuration type 2), the system supports a maximum of 12 orthogonal DMRS multiplexing.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, device, and computer-readable storage medium, which can reduce interference between reference signals.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a terminal device, or to a module (for example, a chip) in a terminal device, and can be applied to a network device, or to a network device
  • a module for example, a chip
  • the method can include:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of reference signals In the signal, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the corresponding time-domain sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • the terminal device may send one or more reference signals to the network device, and these reference signals may belong to the same reference signal set.
  • All reference signals in the reference signal set can be divided into at least two reference signal groups, each reference signal group includes multiple reference signals, and among the multiple reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least There are two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and The corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other, the frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal among different groups of reference signals are orthogonal, and the corresponding time domain sequences are different.
  • the solution provided in this application can improve the cross-correlation of reference signals between groups, thereby reducing the interference between reference signals.
  • L 2
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1 or 1,-1
  • the sequence in the second group of reference signals is 1,j or 1,-j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and The first frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are not orthogonal to each other, and the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals The second frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the signal are also not orthogonal to each other.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1, j, -1, -j or 1, -j, -1 ,j
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • T is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and ⁇ is an integer;
  • ⁇ is 0 or 1.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to terminal equipment, and can also be applied to modules (for example, chips) in terminal equipment, and this method can be applied to network equipment, and can also be applied to network equipment Modules (for example, chips) in , are described below taking application to network devices as an example.
  • the method can include:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of reference signals In the signal, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the corresponding time-domain sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • the at least one reference signal is processed.
  • the terminal device may send one or more reference signals to the network device, and these reference signals may belong to the same reference signal set.
  • All reference signals in the reference signal set can be divided into at least two reference signal groups, each reference signal group includes multiple reference signals, and among the multiple reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least There are two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and The corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other, the frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal among different groups of reference signals are orthogonal, and the corresponding time domain sequences are different.
  • the solution provided in this application can improve the cross-correlation of reference signals between groups, thereby reducing the interference between reference signals.
  • L 2
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1 or 1,-1
  • the sequence in the second group of reference signals is 1,j or 1,-j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different from each other. Orthogonal, the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are also not orthogonal to each other.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is the imaginary unit.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1, j, -1, -j or 1, -j, -1 ,j
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • T is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and ⁇ is an integer;
  • ⁇ is 0 or 1.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a terminal device, or to a module (for example, a chip) in a terminal device, and can be applied to a network device, or to a network device
  • a module for example, a chip
  • the method can include:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the domain sequence w f (0),w f (1),...,w f (K-1) has a length of K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • the value of l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0), w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L
  • L is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • r( Kn+k') is a complex number
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • the terminal device may send one or more reference signals to the network device, and these reference signals may belong to the same reference signal set.
  • All reference signals in the reference signal set can be divided into at least two reference signal groups, each reference signal group includes multiple reference signals, and among the multiple reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least There are two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and The corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other, the outer frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal between different groups of reference signals are orthogonal, and the corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are different.
  • the solution provided in the present application can reduce the cross-correlation between any two reference signals between the subgroups, thereby reducing the interference between the reference signals.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the present application provides a communication method, which can be applied to a terminal device, or to a module (for example, a chip) in a terminal device, and can be applied to a network device, or to a network device
  • a module for example, a chip
  • the method can include:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • the at least one reference signal is processed.
  • the terminal device may send one or more reference signals to the network device, and these reference signals may belong to the same reference signal set.
  • All reference signals in the reference signal set can be divided into at least two reference signal groups, each reference signal group includes multiple reference signals, and among the multiple reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least There are two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and The corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other, the outer frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal between different groups of reference signals are orthogonal, and the corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are different.
  • the solution provided in the present application can reduce the cross-correlation between any two reference signals between the subgroups, thereby reducing the interference between the reference signals.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the actions in the method example of the first aspect above.
  • the functions described above may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a generating unit configured to generate at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resource, and the at least one reference signal in the sequence of the reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: Including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and among the plurality of reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least two reference signal frequency domain sequences exist Similarly, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also mutually orthogonal Orthogonal;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a sending unit configured to send the at least one reference signal.
  • L 2
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1 or 1,-1
  • the sequence in the second group of reference signals is 1,j or 1,-j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different from each other. Orthogonal, the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are also not orthogonal to each other.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1, j, -1, -j or 1, -j, -1 ,j
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • T is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and ⁇ is an integer;
  • ⁇ is 0 or 1.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the actions in the method example of the second aspect above.
  • the functions described above may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resources, and the at least one reference signal in the sequence of the reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of reference signals In the signal, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the corresponding time-domain sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a processing unit configured to process the at least one reference signal.
  • L 2
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1 or 1,-1
  • the sequence in the second group of reference signals is 1,j or 1,-j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different from each other. Orthogonal, the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are also not orthogonal to each other.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is 1, j, -1, -j or 1, -j, -1 ,j
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • T is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and ⁇ is an integer;
  • ⁇ is 0 or 1.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the actions in the method example of the third aspect above.
  • the functions described above may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a generating unit configured to generate at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resource, and the at least one reference signal in the sequence of the reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a sending unit configured to send the at least one reference signal.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is an imaginary number unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device.
  • the communication device has the function of implementing the actions in the method example of the fourth aspect above.
  • the functions described above may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the communication device includes:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resources, and the at least one reference signal in the sequence of the reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a processing unit configured to process the at least one reference signal.
  • K 4
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals is 1,1,1,1 or 1,-1,1,-1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1,-j or 1,-j,-1,j, where j is the imaginary unit.
  • the time-frequency resource includes a plurality of resource units (k, l), the k represents the index of the subcarrier, and the l represents the index of the OFDM symbol of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, mapping
  • ⁇ is 0 or 2 or 4, Indicates rounding down.
  • a communication device in a ninth aspect, is provided, and the communication device may be a terminal device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the terminal device.
  • the device may include a processor, the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, and when the instructions are executed, execute the first aspect or the communication method provided by any implementation manner of the first aspect; or the third aspect Or the communication method provided in any implementation manner of the third aspect.
  • a communication device in a tenth aspect, is provided, and the communication device may be a network device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the network device.
  • the device may include a processor, the processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory, and when the instructions are executed, execute the second aspect or the communication method provided by any implementation manner of the second aspect; or the fourth aspect Or the communication method provided in any implementation manner of the fourth aspect.
  • the present application provides a communication system, which includes at least one terminal and at least one network device.
  • a communication system which includes at least one terminal and at least one network device.
  • the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored.
  • the above-mentioned first aspect and any one of them may be , the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof, the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof, or the method described in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof is performed.
  • the present application provides a computer program product, including program instructions.
  • the computer program product runs on a user device, the above-mentioned first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, the second aspect and The methods described in any possible implementation thereof, the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof are performed.
  • the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory, for realizing the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof implementation, the third aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and the method in the fourth aspect and any possible implementation thereof.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a resource block
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pilot pattern using a DMRS of configuration type 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pilot pattern using a DMRS of configuration type 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a DMRS superimposed with a time-domain orthogonal code and a frequency-domain orthogonal code using configuration type 1 provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS superimposed with time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes using configuration type 1 provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a DMRS time-frequency resource of configuration type 1 obtained through a 4-length orthogonal frequency domain sequence provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a DMRS superimposed with a time-domain orthogonal code and a frequency-domain orthogonal code using configuration type 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS superimposed with time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes using configuration type 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of DMRS time-frequency resources of configuration type 2 obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • Figure 11 is a cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 1 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes;
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 2 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS superimposed with time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes using configuration type 1 provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 15 is a comparison diagram of cross-correlation cumulative distribution between DMRSs after considering channel delay expansion provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS using configuration type 2 to superimpose time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 17 is another comparison diagram of cross-correlation cumulative distribution between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS superimposed with time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes using configuration type 2 provided by the embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 19 is another comparison diagram of cross-correlation cumulative distribution between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the smallest resource granularity in the time domain can be an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol (symbol), which can be referred to as a symbol (symbol), and a time slot includes multiple symbols , for example, a time slot may include 14 symbols; in the frequency domain, the smallest resource granularity may be a subcarrier.
  • OFDM symbol and one subcarrier constitute a resource element (resource element, RE).
  • RE resource element
  • the physical layer performs resource mapping
  • the RE is used as the basic unit.
  • 5G is a schematic diagram of a time-frequency resource.
  • a time slot includes 14 symbols, and the symbol index can be 0, 1, 2...,13.
  • One RE occupies one symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain.
  • a square in represents an RE.
  • a resource block (RB) is the basic scheduling unit in the frequency domain.
  • One RB occupies 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the subcarrier indexes can be 0, 1, 2..., 11.
  • DMRS is a reference signal used for uplink or downlink channel estimation, and then demodulation data.
  • the DMRS may be used to perform channel estimation on a physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), so as to correlate demodulation of uplink/downlink data.
  • PDSCH physical downlink shared channel
  • PUSCH physical uplink shared channel
  • the PDSCH and the PUSCH are respectively used to bear the data sent in the downlink and the uplink, and the DMRS is transmitted along with the PDSCH or the PUSCH.
  • DMRS is located in the first few symbols of the time slot occupied by PDSCH or PUSCH.
  • each scheduled UE is allocated a certain number of parallel data streams according to factors such as channel conditions of each user equipment (UE), and each data stream is called a layer of transmission.
  • UE user equipment
  • each data stream is called a layer of transmission.
  • SU-MIMO downlink single user-multiple input multiple output
  • uplink SU-MIMO supports up to 4-layer transmission.
  • uplink and downlink multi-user multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) supports up to 12 layers of transmission.
  • each layer of transmission may correspond to a DMRS respectively.
  • the precoding vector of each DMRS is the same as the precoding vector of the data stream of the corresponding layer, and the receiving end needs to perform channel estimation according to each DMRS.
  • Different DMRSs correspond to different indexes, where the indexes may be DMRS port numbers.
  • different DMRSs in the frequency domain are divided into different code division multiplexing (CDM) group.
  • CDM code division multiplexing
  • two DMRS configuration types may be supported in NR, namely configuration type 1 and configuration type 2.
  • the DMRSs in the same CDM group use orthogonal codes to spread in the time-frequency domain, and guarantee the orthogonality between different DMRSs, and use the frequency division method between different CDM groups to ensure that the DMRSs are mutually orthogonal.
  • CP-OFDM cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resource configuration of a DMRS using configuration type 1 .
  • the REs of the two patterns in (a) in Figure 2 represent the REs occupied by CDM group 0 and CDM group 1 respectively.
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0 and port 1
  • CDM group 1 includes port 2 and port 3.
  • the DMRSs of different ports occupy the same RE, as shown in (a) of Figure 2, the DMRS of port 0 and the DMRS of port 1 both occupy symbol 2 in the time domain, and occupy even numbers in the frequency domain Label subcarriers, such as subcarriers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.
  • the DMRS of port 2 and the DMRS of port 3 both occupy symbol 2 in the time domain, and occupy odd-numbered subcarriers in the frequency domain, such as subcarriers 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11 .
  • 2 DMRSs in the same CDM group 2 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences are used to ensure code division orthogonality. Frequency division is used between different CDM groups to ensure that DMRSs between different CDM groups are orthogonal to each other.
  • the subcarriers occupied by DMRSs in CDM group 0 and CDM group 1 in the frequency domain different.
  • the REs of the two patterns in (b) of Figure 2 represent the REs occupied by CDM group 0 and CDM group 1 respectively, and CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 4 and port 5,
  • the 4 DMRSs indicated by the port numbers ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5 ⁇ occupy even-numbered subcarriers, such as subcarriers 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10.
  • CDM group 1 includes port 2, port 3, port 6, and port 7.
  • the four DMRS marked with port numbers ⁇ 2,3,6,7 ⁇ occupy odd-numbered subcarriers, such as subcarriers 1,3,5,7,9,11.
  • an orthogonal frequency domain sequence with a length of 2 and an orthogonal time domain sequence with a length of 2 are used to ensure that the four DMRSs in the same CDM group are orthogonal.
  • the DMRS configuration adopts type 1 and the DMRS configuration is 2 symbols the system supports a maximum of 8 DMRS orthogonals.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resource configuration of a DMRS using configuration type 2.
  • Figure 3(a) is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resource configuration for a symbol in DMRS.
  • the REs of the three patterns in Figure 3(a) respectively represent the REs occupied by CDM group 0, CDM group 1 and CDM group 2, and CDM group 0 includes port 0 and port 1, CDM group 1 includes port 2 and port 3, and CDM group 2 includes port 4 and port 5.
  • an orthogonal frequency domain sequence with a length of 2 is used to ensure that the two DMRSs in the same CDM group are orthogonal.
  • type 2 is adopted and 1 symbol is configured for DMRS, the system supports a maximum of 6 DMRS orthogonals.
  • Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resources when two symbols are configured for DMRS.
  • the REs of the three patterns in Figure 3(b) respectively represent CDM group 0, CDM group 1 and CDM group 2 Occupied REs
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 6, and port 7
  • CDM group 1 includes port 2, port 3, port 8, and port 9
  • CDM group 2 includes port 4, port 5, port 10, and port 11.
  • the 4 DMRS marked by port numbers ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7 ⁇ occupy a set of subcarriers with the same label
  • the 4 DMRS marked with port numbers ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ occupy a set of subcarriers with the same label
  • the four DMRSs indicated by port numbers ⁇ 4,5,10,11 ⁇ occupy a group of subcarriers with the same label.
  • an orthogonal frequency domain sequence with a length of 2 and an orthogonal time domain sequence with a length of 2 are used to ensure that the four DMRSs in the same CDM group are orthogonal.
  • type 2 is adopted and DMRS is configured with 2 symbols, the system supports a maximum of 12 DMRS orthogonals.
  • DMRS can be generated using pseudo-random sequence.
  • the scrambling code sequence r(n) of the DMRS can be obtained by modulating the pseudo-random sequence sequence c(n) through quadrature phase shift keying (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, QPSK).
  • QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
  • N c 1600
  • the second The initial value of m sequence x 2 (n) satisfies
  • the value of C init is configured according to specific application scenarios. Taking Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) as an example, C init can be obtained from configuration information such as DMRS scrambling code identification (Identity document, ID), DMRS subframe position and symbol position, such as satisfying
  • each layer multiplexes the same time-frequency resource, and each orthogonal DMRS shares the same scrambling code.
  • the orthogonal code orthogonal cover code, OCC
  • the orthogonal code may also be called an orthogonal sequence.
  • code division orthogonality between different DMRSs is ensured by superimposing frequency domain sequences and time domain sequences.
  • each port number p corresponds to a DMRS, that is, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the port number and the DMRS
  • ⁇ is related to the subcarrier spacing
  • w f (k′), w t (l ') represent the frequency domain sequence and the time domain sequence respectively, so as to ensure the code division orthogonality between different DMRSs.
  • w f (k'), w t (l'), and ⁇ for configuration type 1 DMRS and configuration type 2 DMRS, please refer to Table 1 and Table 2 respectively:
  • Table 1 shows the frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') of each DMRS in the 8 DMRS, based on the table 1. It is possible to obtain the sequence after superimposing the frequency domain sequence w f (k') and the time domain sequence w t (l') of each DMRS in the DMRS corresponding to the 8 ports shown in (b) of FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of superimposing a time-domain sequence and a frequency-domain sequence of a DMRS using configuration type 1 . As shown in Figure 5, take (b) of Figure 2 as an example for illustration.
  • the figure includes DMRS of CDM group 0 and CDM group 1.
  • ports ⁇ 0,1,4,5 ⁇ in CDM group 0 port ⁇ 0,1 ⁇
  • the time domain sequences of the two marked DMRS are the same, that is, both are 1,1, but the frequency domain sequences are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively. Therefore, port 0 and port 1 are orthogonal through different frequency domain sequences.
  • the time-domain sequences of the two DMRS marked by port ⁇ 4,5 ⁇ are the same, that is, both are 1,-1, but the frequency-domain orthogonal codes are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively. Therefore, port 4 and port 5 are orthogonal through different frequency domain sequences, and port 0, port 1 and port 4, port 5 are orthogonal through different time domain sequences.
  • the port ⁇ 2,3,6,7 ⁇ occupies another set of frequency domain resources, which is orthogonal to the frequency division of the port ⁇ 0,1,4,5 ⁇ , and its code division is orthogonal to the port ⁇ 0,1, 4,5 ⁇ are the same.
  • Table 2 shows the frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') of each DMRS in the 12 DMRS, based on the table 2.
  • the sequence after superimposing the frequency domain sequence w f (k') and the time domain sequence w t (l') of each DMRS in the DMRS corresponding to the 12 ports shown in (b) of FIG. 3 can be obtained.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of superimposing a time-domain sequence and a frequency-domain sequence using a configuration type 2 of the DMRS. As shown in Figure 6, take (b) of Figure 3 as an example for illustration.
  • the figure includes DMRS of CDM group 0, CDM group 1 and CDM group 2.
  • ports ⁇ 0,1,6,7 in CDM group 0 ⁇ The time domain sequences of the two DMRS marked by port ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ are the same, that is, both are 1,1, but the frequency domain sequences are 1,1, 1,-1 respectively. Therefore, port 0 and port 1 are orthogonal through orthogonal frequency domain sequences.
  • the time domain sequences of the two DMRS marked by port ⁇ 6,7 ⁇ are the same, that is, both are 1,-1, but the frequency domain sequences are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively. Therefore, port 6 and port 7 are orthogonal through frequency domain sequences, and ports 0 and 1 are orthogonal to ports 6 and 7 through time domain sequences.
  • ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ and ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ occupy another set of frequency domain resources, and are orthogonal to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7 ⁇ in frequency division, and their codes Orthogonal mode is the same as port ⁇ 0,1,4,5 ⁇ .
  • each DMRS superimposed frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t in the DMRS corresponding to the 6 ports shown in (a) of Figure 3 can be obtained Sequence after (l').
  • FIG. 6( b ) is a schematic diagram of a DMRS superimposed frequency domain sequence using configuration type 2 .
  • FIG. 6(b) take Figure 3(a) as an example for illustration.
  • the figure includes DMRS of CDM group 0, CDM group 1 and CDM group 2.
  • ports ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ in CDM group 0 The frequency domain sequences of the two DMRS marked by port ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ are 1,1, 1,-1 respectively. Therefore, port 0 and port 1 are orthogonal through orthogonal frequency domain sequences.
  • ports ⁇ 2,3 ⁇ and ports ⁇ 4,5 ⁇ occupy another set of frequency domain resources, which are frequency-division-orthogonal to ports ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ , and their code-division-orthogonal methods are the same as ports ⁇ 0,1 ⁇ .
  • sequence a(0), a(1),...,a(N-1) and b(0), b(1),...,b(N-1) are orthogonal, for example, the sequence 1,1 ,1,1 and sequence 1,-1,1,-1, satisfying the cross-correlation value of 0, sequence 1,1,1,1 and sequence 1,-1,1,-1 are orthogonal; for example, The sequence 1,j,-1,-j and the sequence 1,-j,-1,j satisfy that the sequence 1,j,-1,-j and the sequence 1,-j,-1,j are also orthogonal.
  • the sequence is carried on the subcarrier to obtain the reference signal.
  • the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is 0, and they are orthogonal to each other.
  • the delay extension of the channel needs to be considered. From the perspective of the receiving end, the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is no longer 0, and the correlation will become worse. That is, due to the channel delay extension, the reference signals cannot be strictly orthogonal.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture may include a network device 1301 and a terminal device 1302 .
  • the terminal device 1302 can be connected to the network device 1301 in a wireless manner, and can access the core network through the network device 1301 .
  • the terminal device 1302 may be fixed or mobile.
  • the network device 1301 may be an entity for transmitting or receiving a signal, and may be a device for communicating with a terminal device.
  • the network device may be a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or a code division multiple access (CDMA)
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • NodeB, NB base station
  • WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
  • LTE LTE system
  • the evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in the network can also be a wireless controller in the cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario, or the network device can be a relay station, access point, vehicle-mounted Devices, wearable devices, and network devices in a 5G network or network devices in a future evolved PLMN network are not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the network device may be a device in the wireless network, for example, a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node that connects the terminal to the wireless network.
  • RAN nodes are: base station, next-generation base station gNB, transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), evolved node B (evolved Node B, eNB), home base station, baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU) , or the access point (access point, AP) in the WiFi system, etc.
  • the network device may include a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) node, or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU) node, or a RAN device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • a centralized unit centralized unit, CU
  • DU distributed unit
  • RAN device including a CU node and a DU node.
  • Terminal equipment 1302 is an entity on the user side for receiving or transmitting signals, such as user equipment, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal , terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device can also be a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiver function, and a virtual reality (VR) terminal Devices, augmented reality (AR) Terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control (industrial control), wireless local loop (wireless local loop, WLL) stations, personal digital assistants (personal digital assistant, PDA), handheld devices with wireless communication capabilities, computing devices, or connected Other processing devices to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety ), wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes, wearable devices (such as smart watches,
  • the terminal may also be a wearable device.
  • Wearable devices can also be called wearable smart devices, which is a general term for the application of wearable technology to intelligently design daily wear and develop wearable devices, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing and shoes.
  • a wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothing or accessories. Wearable devices are not only a hardware device, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction.
  • the terminal can also be a terminal in the Internet of Things (IoT) system.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • the IOT technology can achieve massive connections, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through, for example, narrow band (NB) technology.
  • the terminal can also include sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, and gas stations, and its main functions include collecting data (part of the terminal), receiving control information and downlink data from network devices, and sending electromagnetic waves to The network device transmits uplink data.
  • sensors such as smart printers, train detectors, and gas stations
  • its main functions include collecting data (part of the terminal), receiving control information and downlink data from network devices, and sending electromagnetic waves to The network device transmits uplink data.
  • GSM global system for mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA wideband code multiple access
  • general packet radio service general packet radio service, GPRS
  • LTE LTE frequency division duplex
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunications system
  • EDGE enhanced data rate for GSM evolution
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, such as public land mobile network (public land mobile network, PLMN) system, advanced long-term evolution (LTE advanced, LTE-A) system, fifth generation mobile communication ( The 5th generation (5G) system, new radio (new radio, NR) system, machine-to-machine communication (machine to machine, M2M) system, or other communication systems that evolve in the future, etc., are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • LTE advanced, LTE-A advanced long-term evolution
  • 5G new radio
  • NR new radio
  • machine-to-machine communication machine to machine, M2M
  • the terminal or network device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer.
  • the hardware layer includes hardware such as a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), a memory management unit (memory management unit, MMU), and memory (also called main memory).
  • the operating system can be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes, for example, Linux Operating system, Unix operating system, Android operating system, iOS operating system or windows operating system, etc.
  • the application layer includes applications such as browsers, address books, word processing software, and instant messaging software.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific structure of the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, as long as the program that records the code of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application can be run to provide the method according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the execution subject of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal or a network device, or a functional module in a terminal or a network device that can call a program and execute the program.
  • the number and types of terminals included in the network architecture shown in FIG. 4 are just an example, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. For example, it may also include more or fewer terminals communicating with network devices, which are not described one by one in the accompanying drawings for brevity of description.
  • the application scenario may not be limited to include network devices and terminals, for example, it may also include core network nodes or bearer virtualization Devices with network functions and the like are obvious to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the number of DMRSs can be expanded by using longer frequency domain sequences.
  • the methods for expanding the number of DMRSs provided by the embodiments of the present application are respectively described below by taking the expansion of the number of DMRSs of configuration type 1 and the number of DMRSs of configuration type 2 as an example.
  • FIG. 5 corresponds to FIG. 2
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of time-frequency resource configuration of the DMRS adopting configuration type 1 in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS using configuration type 1 to superimpose time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 6 performs DMRS
  • the length of the frequency domain sequence is 4, and there are 4 orthogonal frequency domain sequences
  • the frequency domain sequence can be a DFT sequence, respectively 1,1,1,1; 1,j, -1,-j; 1,-1,1,-1 and 1,-j,-1,j, 16 orthogonal DMRSs are marked with ports 0-15, which can be considered as ports 0-7 in Figure 5
  • the DMRS is before the expansion, and the DMRS marked on ports 8-15 is the expanded one. Ports 0-15 are marked in order to distinguish different DMRSs, and there are other marking methods.
  • the port number is just a number, and the number can be changed or exchanged.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of DMRS time-frequency resources of configuration type 1 obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences.
  • the 16 DMRS obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences use port numbers 0-15
  • the 8 DMRS marked by port numbers ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group, occupy the same time-frequency resources, and occupy even-numbered subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • the 8 DMRS marked with port numbers ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group, occupy the same time-frequency resources, and occupy odd-numbered subcarriers in the frequency domain.
  • DMRS configuration type 2 it is also possible to extend the DMRS individual number, and can guarantee that the DMRSs are orthogonal.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a time-domain orthogonal code and a frequency-domain orthogonal code superimposed on a DMRS using configuration type 2.
  • FIG. 8(a) shows that DMRS is configured with 2 symbols, that is, DMRS occupies 2 symbols.
  • b) indicates that 1 symbol is configured for the DMRS, that is, 1 symbol is occupied by the DMRS.
  • the system can support up to 12 orthogonal DMRS multiplexing, and the frequency domain sequence When the length is 2, there are 2 orthogonal frequency domain sequences, which are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of another DMRS using configuration type 2 superimposing time-domain orthogonal codes and frequency-domain orthogonal codes.
  • Figure 9(a) shows that DMRS is configured with 2 symbols, that is, DMRS occupies 2 symbols
  • Figure 9(b ) indicates that the DMRS is configured with 1 symbol, that is, the DMRS occupies 1 symbol.
  • the system can support up to 24 orthogonal DMRS multiplexes.
  • the DMRS is configured with 2 symbols, for a DMRS of configuration type 2, the length of the frequency domain sequence in Figure 9(a) is doubled compared to that in Figure 8(a), and the number of DMRS ports obtained is doubled.
  • the DMRSs with port numbers 0-11 in FIG. 9( a ) are DMRSs before port expansion, and the DMRSs with port numbers 12-23 are expanded DMRSs.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of DMRS time-frequency resources of configuration type 2 obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences.
  • FIG. 10( a ) shows that DMRS is configured with 2 symbols
  • FIG. 10( b ) shows that DMRS is configured with 1 symbol.
  • the 24 DMRS obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences are identified by port numbers 0-23 respectively, where the port numbers ⁇ 0,1,6,7,12,13,18,
  • the 8 DMRSs marked in 19 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group, occupy the same time-frequency resources, and occupy subcarriers labeled 0, 1, 6, 7... in the frequency domain.
  • the 8 DMRS marked by the port numbers ⁇ 2,3,8,9,14,15,20,21 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group and occupy the same time-frequency resources, and the occupied labels in the frequency domain are 2,3,8,9 ... subcarriers.
  • the 8 DMRS marked with port numbers ⁇ 4,5,10,11,16,17,22,23 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group and occupy the same time-frequency resources, and the occupied labels in the frequency domain are 4,5,10,11 ... subcarriers.
  • DMRS when DMRS is configured with 1 symbol, 2-length orthogonal frequency domain sequences are used, and the system can support up to 6 orthogonal DMRS multiplexing.
  • the length of the frequency domain sequence is 2, there are 2 orthogonal frequency domain sequences. are 1,1 and 1,-1, respectively, refer to Figure 8(b).
  • the system can support up to 12 orthogonal DMRS multiplexes.
  • the length of the frequency-domain sequences is 4, there are 4 orthogonal frequency-domain sequences.
  • the frequency-domain sequences can be Walsh sequences, respectively. 1,1,1,1; 1,1,-1,-1; 1,-1,1,-1 and 1,-1,-1,1, refer to Figure 9(b), 12 orthogonal
  • the DMRS are marked with ports 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17, respectively.
  • the 12 DMRSs obtained through 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences are respectively identified by port numbers 0-11, and the 4 DMRSs marked by port numbers ⁇ 0, 1, 12, 13 ⁇ belong to The same CDM group occupies the same time-frequency resources, and occupies subcarriers labeled 0, 1, 6, 7... in the frequency domain.
  • the four DMRS marked by port numbers ⁇ 2, 3, 14, 15 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group, occupy the same time-frequency resources, and occupy subcarriers labeled 2, 3, 8, 9... in the frequency domain.
  • the four DMRS marked with port numbers ⁇ 4, 5, 16, 17 ⁇ belong to the same CDM group, occupy the same time-frequency resources, and occupy subcarriers labeled 4, 5, 10, 11... in the frequency domain.
  • the above-mentioned method provided by the embodiment of the present application can increase the number of DMRSs, so that more layers of data transmission can be performed, and the requirement of high-speed transmission can be met.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for improving the correlation between DMRSs.
  • the correlation between DMRSs reflects the interference level between DMRSs. When the correlation between DMRSs is better, the interference between DMRSs is smaller. .
  • the correlation between DMRS can be reflected by the cross-correlation value.
  • the DMRS of configuration type 1 is adopted and the DMRS is configured with 2 symbols to support 16 DMRSs.
  • FIG 6 there are two sets of code division multiplexed DMRS, taking a set of code division multiplexed DMRS as an example, in which the port numbers ⁇ 0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13 ⁇ indicate 8 ports DMRS occupies the same time-frequency resources, and by superimposing 2 long-orthogonal time-domain orthogonal sequences 1,1; 1,-1 and 4 long-orthogonal frequency-domain sequences 1,1,1,1; 1,j,-1, -j; 1,-1,1,-1; 1,-j,-1,j guarantee code division multiplexing between 8 DMRS.
  • Fig. 11 is a cross-correlation cumulative distribution function (Cumulative distribution function, CDF) of a DMRS of configuration type 1 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes considering channel delay extension.
  • CDF cumulative distribution function
  • the horizontal axis represents the cross-correlation value between DMRSs
  • the vertical axis represents the probability value
  • the curve represents the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 8 (marked as DMRS8) distribution curve of the probability of cross-correlation values.
  • the cumulative probability value on the curve is 0.38, that is to say, the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS8 being less than or equal to 0.05 is 38%.
  • the cumulative probability value on the curve is 0.9, that is to say, the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS8 being less than or equal to 0.1 is 90%.
  • the cumulative probability that the cross-correlation value between DMRS is less than or equal to a specific value is smaller, and the larger the cross-correlation value is, the correlation is worse. It can be seen from the figure that the cumulative probability that the cross-correlation value between DMRSs represented by the curve is less than or equal to 0.1 can continue to increase.
  • the DMRS of configuration type 2 is adopted and 2 symbols of the DMRS are configured to support 24 DMRSs.
  • FIG. 9(a) there are three groups of code division multiplexed DMRSs.
  • the 8 DMRS marked by the port numbers ⁇ 0,1,6,7,12,13,18,19 ⁇ occupy the same time-frequency resources, and by superimposing 2 long-orthogonal time-domain orthogonal sequences 1,1;1 ,-1 and 4 long orthogonal frequency-domain sequences 1,1,1,1; 1,1,-1,-1; 1,-1,1,-1; 1,-1,-1,1 guaranteed 8 Code division multiplexing between DMRS.
  • DMRS of configuration type 2 is adopted and 1 symbol of DMRS is configured to support 12 DMRSs.
  • FIG 9(b) there are three groups of DMRSs with code division multiplexing. Take a group of DMRSs with code division multiplexing as an example, where the port number ⁇ 0 ,1,12,13 ⁇
  • the 4 DMRSs marked by occupy the same time-frequency resources, and by superimposing 4 long orthogonal frequency domain sequences 1,1,1,1; 1,1,-1,-1; 1,-1 ,1,-1; 1,-1,-1,1 guarantee code division multiplexing among the four DMRSs.
  • Fig. 12 is a cross-correlation cumulative distribution function (Cumulative distribution function, CDF) of the configuration type 2 DMRS obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes considering channel delay extension.
  • Figure 12(a) indicates that 2 symbols are configured for DMRS, and
  • Figure 12(b) indicates that 1 symbol is configured for DMRS.
  • the horizontal axis represents the cross-correlation value between DMRSs
  • the vertical axis represents the probability value
  • the curve represents the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (Denoted as DMRS 12) The distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value between.
  • the cumulative probability value on the curve is 0.25, that is to say, the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS12 being less than or equal to 0.05 is 25%.
  • the cumulative probability value on the curve is 0.58, that is to say, the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS12 being less than or equal to 0.1 is 58%.
  • the horizontal axis represents the cross-correlation value between DMRSs
  • the vertical axis represents the probability value
  • the curve represents the DMRS marked by port 0 after expansion (marked as DMRS 0) and port 12
  • the distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value between the marked DMRS (denoted as DMRS 12).
  • the cumulative probability value on the dashed curve is 0.25, that is to say, the cumulative probability that the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS12 is less than or equal to 0.05 is 25%.
  • the cumulative probability value on the curve is 0.58, that is to say, the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between DMRS0 and DMRS12 being less than or equal to 0.1 is 58%.
  • the cumulative probability that the cross-correlation value between DMRS is less than or equal to a specific value is smaller, and the larger the cross-correlation value is, the correlation is worse. It can be seen from the figure that the cumulative probability that the cross-correlation value between the expanded DMRSs is less than or equal to 0.1 can be further improved.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the functions performed by the terminal device in this embodiment may also be performed by a module (for example, a chip) in the terminal device, and the functions performed by the network device in this application may also be performed by a module (for example, a chip) in the network device .
  • This embodiment may be described by taking the reference signal as an example of the DMRS.
  • the communication method may include the following steps.
  • Step S1401 the terminal device generates at least one reference signal.
  • the reference signal can be DMRS.
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0.
  • the element value a mapped to the resource unit (k, l) is a k, l .
  • the terminal device determines the sequence r(m) of the reference signal, and r(m) may also be called a scrambling code sequence, which may be stored locally, or obtained according to the following formula:
  • c(i) is a pseudo-random sequence
  • the pseudo-random sequence can be defined by a Gold sequence.
  • m is an integer greater than or equal to 0, and m may be Kn+k′.
  • the terminal device determines the time-frequency resource or resource configuration type occupied by the reference signal, which may be indicated through high-layer signaling configuration, and the resource configuration type of the reference signal may be configuration type 1 or configuration type 2.
  • the element value a k, l is mapped to the resource unit (k, l), where k represents the index of the subcarrier, and l represents the OFDM symbol index of.
  • ⁇ is 0 or 1
  • T 2
  • ⁇ 0
  • subcarrier index k is 0, 2, 4, 6, ...
  • l' is 0,1
  • symbol index l is 2,3.
  • the above-mentioned reference signals generated by the terminal device may belong to a reference signal set, and all reference signals in a reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resources, that is, the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same subcarrier in the frequency domain. occupy the same symbols in the time domain.
  • Figure 7 can be taken as an example to illustrate the meaning that all reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resource:
  • Time-frequency resources may include multiple resource units (k, l), and one resource unit is one RE, that is, a small square in FIG. 7 represents a resource unit, wherein k represents an index of a subcarrier, and the l Indicates the index of the Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDM symbol.
  • DMRS occupies 6 subcarriers in the frequency domain, and DMRS occupies 2 symbols in the time domain.
  • a resource unit refers to a subcarrier in the frequency domain and a symbol in the time domain.
  • the reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 ⁇ in Figure 7 are shown with grid lines, and it can be seen that ,13 ⁇
  • the resource units occupied by the reference signal are respectively resource unit (0,2), resource unit (0,3), resource unit (2,2), resource unit (2,3), resource unit (4, 2), resource unit(4,3), resource unit(6,2), resource unit(6,3), resource unit(8,2), resource unit(8,3), resource unit(10,2) , resource unit (10,3).
  • These 8 DMRSs can be used as a set of reference signals.
  • ⁇ can be 0, and the value range of the subcarrier index k is 0, 2, 4, 6...,
  • the value may be 2, the value range of l' is 0, 1, and the value range of l is 2, 3, that is, the reference signal occupies two symbols with symbol indices 2, 3 in the time domain.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, ⁇ can be 1, and the value range of the subcarrier index k is 1, 3, 5, 7..., The value can be 2, the value range of l' is 0, 1, and the value range of l is 2, 3, that is, the reference signal occupies two symbols with symbol index 2, 3 in the time domain, then these 8 different
  • the time-frequency resource patterns occupied by the reference signals refer to the reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 ⁇ in FIG. 7 .
  • sequences r(m) corresponding to any two reference signals in the reference signal set are the same;
  • the frequency domain sequences corresponding to any two reference signals in the reference signal set are orthogonal, and/or, the corresponding time domain sequences are orthogonal, that is, the reference signals are obtained by superimposing different frequency domain sequences and/or time domain sequences Guaranteed to be orthogonal to each other.
  • the frequency domain sequences of two reference signals superimposed are 1,1,1,1 and 1,-1,1,-1 respectively, and the frequency domain sequences 1,1,1,1 and 1,-1,1,- 1 is mutually orthogonal, so that the two reference signals can also be guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • the time domain sequences of the superposition of the two reference signals are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively, and the time domain sequence 1, 1 and 1,-1 are mutually orthogonal, so that the two reference signals can also be guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • the time domain sequences of the superimposition of the two reference signals are 1,1 and 1,-1 respectively.
  • the time domain sequences 1, 11 and 1, -1 are mutually orthogonal
  • the superimposed frequency domain sequences are 1, 1, 1, 1 and 1, -1, 1, -1 respectively, and the frequency domain sequences 1, 1, 1 ,1 and 1,-1,1,-1 are mutually orthogonal, so that the two reference signals can also be guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f (1),...,w f (K-1) includes the first frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f (1),...,w f (K/2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence w f (K/2), That is to say, the first half of the frequency domain sequence is the first frequency domain sequence, and the second half of the frequency domain sequence is the second frequency domain sequence, or it can also be said that the frequency domain sequence is composed of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence. Domain sequence composition.
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0),w f (1),...,w f (3) is 1,-1,-1,1
  • the first frequency domain sequence w f (0),w f (1) is 1, -1
  • the second frequency domain sequence w f (2), w f (3) is -1, 1.
  • Each group of reference signals in at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including multiple reference signals, and the multiple reference signals are two The two are orthogonal.
  • at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the corresponding time-domain The sequences are mutually orthogonal, and for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also mutually orthogonal;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time-domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 12, 13 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 0 ,1,4,5 ⁇ represent the four reference signals, and their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 1 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals represented by ports ⁇ 8, 9, 12, 13 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 2 below:
  • the frequency domain sequences including at least two reference signals are the same, for example, DMRS with port number 0 and port number 4.
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other.
  • port number 0 corresponds to The first frequency domain sequence of is 1,1, and the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 1 is 1,-1, and the two are orthogonal to each other.
  • the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 0 is 1,1, and the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 1 is 1,-1, and the two are also orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding time domain sequences are orthogonal.
  • the time domain sequences are 1, 1, and 1, -1 respectively. These two time domain The sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • At least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, for example, the DMRS with port number 8 and the DMRS with port number 9.
  • the frequency domain sequences including at least two reference signals are the same, for example, DMRS with port number 8 and port number 12 .
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other.
  • port number 8 corresponds to The first frequency domain sequence of is 1,j
  • the first frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 9 is 1,-j, and the two are orthogonal to each other.
  • the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 8 is -1, -j
  • the second frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 9 is -1, j, and the two are also orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding time domain sequence is orthogonal, for example, for port number 8 and port number 12
  • the time domain sequences of the DMRS are 1, j, and 1, -j respectively, and these two time domain sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal.
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the two sets of reference signals is different.
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to the DMRS of port number 0 in the first group of reference signals is 1,1,1,1
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 8 in the second group of reference signals is 1,j,-1 ,-j
  • the two frequency domain sequences are orthogonal.
  • the frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 9 in the second group of reference signals is 1,-j,-1,j
  • the sequence 1,1,1,1 is also orthogonal to the sequence 1,-j,-1,j .
  • the frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, which means that each reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals
  • the frequency domain sequences are orthogonal between each reference signal in the signal. Specifically, no examples are given here.
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals is different from that corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the first group of reference signals include 1, 1 and 1,-1
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second group of reference signals include 1, j and 1, -j. It can be seen that the time domain sequence of each reference signal in the first group of reference signals is different from the time domain sequence of each reference signal in the second group of reference signals.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7, 10, 11, 14, 15 ⁇ , and the first group of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7 ⁇ represent the four reference signals, and their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 3 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals represented by ports ⁇ 10, 11, 14, 15 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 4 below:
  • the reference signal in FIG. 14( b ) is different from the reference signal in FIG. 14( a ) only occupying time-frequency resources, and is also applicable to the above method. To avoid repetition, details are not repeated here.
  • the port number is just a number, and the number can be changed or exchanged.
  • the correlation between the reference signals can be further improved in consideration of the delay extension of the channel,
  • the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is relatively small, that is, the interference between the reference signals is relatively small, which can ensure relatively good performance.
  • time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals is different.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the first group include 1,1 and 1,-1
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second group include 1,j and 1,-j, which are easy to generalize arrive
  • the time domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the first group are 1,j and 1,-j
  • the time domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second group are 1,1 and 1,-1, see Figure 14(c) and 14(d).
  • FIG. 15( a ) is a comparison diagram of cumulative cross-correlation distributions between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the solid line curve is the cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 1 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes in Embodiment 1 of the present application.
  • the solid line curve For details, please refer to Figure 11. What the dotted line curve represents is the cross-correlation value distribution between DMRS in this scheme, referring to Fig.
  • FIG. 15( b ) is another diagram for comparing cumulative cross-correlation distributions between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the cross-correlation between the DMRS marked on port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked on port 1 (marked as DMRS1) is the worst, and the dotted curve represents the DMRS marked on port 0 before expansion.
  • the distribution curve of the cross-correlation value cumulative probability between DMRS (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS (marked as DMRS1) marked by port 1 is shown in curve 1; referring to Fig.
  • the DMRS (marked by port 0) Marked as DMRS0) and the cross-correlation between the DMRS marked by port 8 (marked as DMRS8) is the worst, and the solid line curve represents the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the port 8 marked DMRS (denoted as DMRS8) between the distribution curve of the probability of cross-correlation values, see curve 2; referring to Figure 14 (a), the dotted line curve represents the expanded port 0 in the second embodiment of the program The distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value between the marked DMRS (marked as DMRS0) and the marked DMRS of port 8 (marked as DMRS8*) is shown in curve 3.
  • the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS8* after expansion in Example 2 of this scheme is better than the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS8 after expansion in Example 1, and the cross-correlation gap between DMRS0 and DMRS1 before expansion is obvious becomes smaller, the cross-correlation values of point A and point B are 0.07 and 0.1 respectively, and the maximum cross-correlation value gap is 0.03, and the cross-correlation has been significantly improved.
  • FIG. 15(c) is another diagram for comparing cumulative cross-correlation distributions between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the cross-correlation between the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (marked as DMRS12) is the best, and the solid line curve represents the expanded
  • the distribution curve of the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (marked as DMRS12), the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value being less than or equal to 0 is 1, see the mark in the figure Curve 1, point A cross-correlation value is 0;
  • the dotted curve represents the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (marked as The distribution curve of the
  • the difference in time-domain orthogonal codes can improve the correlation between DMRSs, thereby reducing the interference caused by channel delay extension and improving system performance.
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals in Fig. 14(a) is different from any reference signal in the second set of reference signals.
  • the time domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the first group include 1,1 and 1,-1
  • the time domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second group include 1,j and 1,-j for illustration, the time domain is positive
  • the cross code can also have other forms, for example, it can also include 1,1 and 1,-1 for the time domain sequence corresponding to the reference signal in the first group
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second group include and
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific time-domain sequence, and the full text is described here in a unified manner, and will not be described in detail later.
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to the reference signal in the first group includes 1,1 and 1,-1
  • the time domain sequence corresponding to the reference signal in the second group includes 1,j and 1,-j, which can make the DMRS correlation is better.
  • the frequency-domain sequence in the above description is only illustrated by a discrete Fourier transform (DFT) sequence, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the frequency-domain sequence.
  • DFT discrete Fourier transform
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 19 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 0 , 1, 6, 7 ⁇ , the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 5 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals represented by ports ⁇ 12, 13, 18, 19 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 6 below:
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ , the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) of the four reference signals are shown in Table 7 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals represented by ports ⁇ 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 8 below:
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and the first group of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ marked four reference signals, their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 9 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals represented by ports ⁇ 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 10 below:
  • the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is relatively small, That is, the interference between the reference signals is relatively small, which can ensure relatively good performance.
  • any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals have different corresponding time domain sequences, which can improve the correlation between the reference signals.
  • any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals have different corresponding time domain sequences, which can also be understood as any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals
  • the cross-correlation value between the corresponding time domain sequences is not 1.
  • FIG. 17 is another cross-correlation cumulative distribution comparison diagram between DMRSs after considering channel delay expansion provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the solid line curve in FIG. 17(a) is the superimposed 4 in the first embodiment
  • the cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 2 obtained by long-frequency domain orthogonal codes, and DMRSs are configured with 2 symbols, for the description of the solid line curve in Fig. 17(a), refer to Fig. 12(a).
  • Fig. 17 (a) what the dotted line curve represents is the cross-correlation value distribution between DMRS in this scheme, referring to Fig. 16 (a), what the dotted line represents is the DMRS (marked as DMRS0 of port 0 in Fig. 16 (a) ) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (denoted as DMRS12*) is a distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value.
  • the cross-correlation values between DMRSs in Embodiment 1 are approximately distributed between [0,0.13].
  • the cross-correlation values between are approximately distributed between [0,0.1], and the correlation between DMRSs of this scheme is better. It can be seen that the difference in time-domain orthogonal codes can improve the correlation between DMRSs, thereby reducing the interference caused by channel delay extension and improving system performance.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference Signals, marked by ports ⁇ 0,1,6,7,12,13,18,19 ⁇
  • the first group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 0,1,6,7 ⁇ , and their corresponding frequency domain
  • Table 11 The sequence w f (k′) and the time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 11 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 12, 13, 18, 19 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 12 below :
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the first group of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ mark the four reference signals, and their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 13 below:
  • the second set of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 14 below :
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 4 , 5, 10, 11 ⁇ , the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 15 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and their corresponding frequency domain sequences w f (k′) and The time domain sequence w t (l′) is shown in Table 16 below:
  • the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is relatively small, That is, the interference between the reference signals is relatively small, which can ensure relatively good performance.
  • the solid line curve in FIG. 17(b) is the cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 2 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes in Embodiment 1, and DMRS configuration 2
  • Fig. 12(a) For the description of the realization curve in Fig. 17(b), please refer to Fig. 12(a).
  • Fig. 17 (b) what the dotted line curve represents is the cross-correlation value distribution between DMRS in this scheme, referring to Fig. 16 (b), what the dotted line represents is the DMRS (marked as DMRS0 of port 0 in Fig. 16 (b) ) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (denoted as DMRS12*) is a distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value.
  • FIG. 17( c ) is another diagram for comparing cumulative cross-correlation distributions between DMRSs after considering channel delay extension provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the dotted curve represents the distribution curve of the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 1 (marked as DMRS1) before the expansion, and the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value being less than or equal to 0 is 1. See curve 1.
  • the solid line curve represents the distribution curve of the probability of the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 (marked as DMRS12) after expansion, see curve 2.
  • the dotted line curve represents the probability distribution curve of the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked on port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked on port 12 (marked as DMRS12*) after the expansion of this scheme, see the curve 3. It can be seen from the figure that there is a large gap between the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS12 after expansion and the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS1 before expansion.
  • the cross-correlation values of point A and point C are 0 and 0.13 respectively, and the maximum cross-correlation value The gap is 0.13.
  • the gap between the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS12* after the expansion of this program and the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS1 before the expansion becomes smaller.
  • the cross-correlation values of point A and point B are 0 and 0.07 respectively, and the maximum cross-correlation value gap is 0.07, the cross-correlation has been significantly improved.
  • FIG. 17( d ) is another diagram for comparing cumulative cross-correlation distributions between DMRSs after channel delay extension is considered according to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the solid line curve represents the distribution curve of the cumulative probability of the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked by port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 18 (marked as DMRS18) after expansion, and the probability that the cross-correlation value is less than or equal to 0 is 1. See curve 1.
  • the cross-correlation value of point A is 0.
  • the dotted curve represents the mutual correlation between the DMRS marked on port 0 (marked as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked on port 18 (marked as DMRS18*) after the expansion of this scheme.
  • the distribution curve of the probability of the correlation value as can be seen from the figure, although the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS18* after the expansion of this scheme is worse than the cross-correlation between DMRS0 and DMRS18 before the expansion, the cross-correlation values are distributed in [0,0.07], the maximum cross-correlation value point B is 0.07, and the cross-correlation is still very good.
  • the frequency domain sequence is different, and the time domain time domain sequence is also different, which can improve the correlation between DMRS, thus Reduce the interference caused by channel delay expansion and improve system performance.
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f (1),..., w f (K-1) satisfies:
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f (1),..., w f (3) is 1, -1, -1, 1, satisfying
  • the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to the frequency domain sequence is 1, -1
  • the inner frequency domain sequence corresponding to the frequency domain sequence is 1, -1.
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals,
  • Each set of reference signals in the at least two sets of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and among the plurality of reference signals, when there are at least two reference signals
  • the domain sequences are the same, and the frequency domain sequences of at least two reference signals are the same, the time domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence are mutually orthogonal, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same time domain sequence are mutually orthogonal Orthogonal, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner layer frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7, 12, 13, 18, 19 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 0 , 1, 6, 7 ⁇ and their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 17 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 12, 13, 18, 19 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k') and time domain sequence w t (l') are shown in Table 19 below :
  • At least two reference signals with the same time domain sequence are included, for example, the DMRS with port number 0 and the DMRS with port number 1.
  • at least two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence are included, for example, DMRS with port number 0 and port number 6.
  • the corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same, for example, for DMRS with port number 0 and port number 1, the inner layer corresponding to port number 0
  • the frequency domain sequence is 1,1, and the inner frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 1 is 1,-1, and the two are orthogonal to each other.
  • the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 0 The sequence is 1,1, and the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 1 is 1,1, which are the same.
  • the corresponding time domain sequences are orthogonal. For example, for DMRS with port number 0 and port number 6, the time domain sequences are 1, 1, and 1, -1 respectively. These two time domain The sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • At least two reference signals with the same time domain sequence are included, for example, the DMRS with port number 12 and the DMRS with port number 13.
  • at least two reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence are included, for example, DMRS with port number 12 and port number 18.
  • the corresponding inner frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same, for example, for DMRS with port number 12 and port number 13, the inner layer corresponding to port number 12
  • the frequency domain sequence is 1, j
  • the inner frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 13 is 1, -j
  • the two are orthogonal to each other.
  • the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 12 The sequence is 1, -1, and the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 13 is 1, -1, which are the same.
  • the corresponding time domain sequences are orthogonal.
  • the time domain sequences are 1, 1, and 1, -1 respectively. These two time domain The sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • the outer frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and the The inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are different.
  • the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to the DMRS of port number 0 in the first group of reference signals is 1,1 and the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to port number 12 in the second group of reference signals is 1,-1, which The two outer frequency domain sequences are orthogonal.
  • the outer frequency domain sequence corresponding to the port number 13 in the second group of reference signals is 1,-1, and the sequence 1,-1 is also orthogonal to the sequence 1,1.
  • the outer frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are orthogonal to each other.
  • the meaning is that the outer frequency domain sequences between each reference signal in the first set of reference signals and each reference signal in the second set of reference signals are orthogonal. Specifically, no examples are given here.
  • any reference signal in the first group of reference signals has a different inner layer frequency domain sequence than any reference signal in the second group of reference signals.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the first set of reference signals include 1,1 and 1,-1
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals in the second set of reference signals include 1, j and 1,-j. It can be seen that the inner frequency domain sequence of each reference signal in the first group of reference signals is different from the inner frequency domain sequence of each reference signal in the second group of reference signals.
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9, 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 2 ,3,8,9 ⁇ , the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) of the four reference signals are shown in Table 21 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 14, 15, 20, 21 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 20 below three:
  • the reference signal set contains 8 different reference signals, marked with ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11, 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and the first set of reference signals includes ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ marked four reference signals, their corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 25 below:
  • the second group of reference signals includes four reference signals marked by ports ⁇ 16, 17, 22, 23 ⁇ , and the corresponding frequency domain sequence w f (k′) and time domain sequence w t (l′) are shown in Table 20 below seven:
  • the cross-correlation value between the reference signals is relatively small, That is, the interference between the reference signals is relatively small, which can ensure relatively good performance.
  • any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals have different corresponding inner frequency domain sequences, which helps to improve the correlation between the reference signals.
  • FIG. 19 is another cross-correlation cumulative distribution comparison diagram between DMRSs after considering channel delay expansion provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the solid line curve in FIG. 19(a) is the superimposed 4 in the first embodiment
  • the cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between DMRSs of configuration type 2 obtained by long-frequency domain orthogonal codes, and DMRSs are configured with 2 symbols.
  • the realization curve in FIG. 19(a) refer to FIG. 12(a).
  • the dotted line represents the distribution of cross-correlation values between DMRSs in this scheme. Referring to Fig. 18(b), what the dotted line represents is the DMRS (marked as DMRS0) marked by port 0 in Fig. 18(b) and The distribution curve of the probability occupied by the cross-correlation value between the DMRS marked by port 12 (denoted as DMRS12*).
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to port 0 and port 12 in Figure 18(a) are different, and only 1,1 and 1,j are used as port 0 and port 12 respectively
  • the inner frequency domain sequence corresponding to the DMRS is illustrated as an example.
  • the inner frequency domain sequence corresponding to the DMRS for port 0 and port 12 may also have other forms. Using 1, 1 and 1, j as the inner frequency domain sequences of the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and port 12 respectively can make the correlation between the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and port 12 better.
  • the reference signal set includes 4 DMRSs marked with port numbers ⁇ 0, 1, 12, 13 ⁇ , or the reference signal set includes 4 DMRSs marked with port numbers ⁇ 2, 3, 14, 15 ⁇ . DMRS, or the reference signal set includes 4 DMRSs marked by port numbers ⁇ 4, 5, 16, 17 ⁇ .
  • the solid line curve is the cross-correlation cumulative distribution diagram between the DMRS of configuration type 2 obtained by superimposing 4 long-frequency domain orthogonal codes in the first embodiment, and the DMRS is configured with 1 symbol.
  • the description of the realization curve in 19(b) can refer to Fig. 12(b).
  • the dotted line represents the distribution of cross-correlation values between DMRSs in this solution. Referring to FIG. 18(b), the dotted line represents the DMRS marked by port 0 (denoted as DMRS0) and the DMRS marked by port 12 in FIG. 18(b). Recorded as the distribution curve of the probability of cross-correlation values between DMRS12*).
  • the cross-correlation values between DMRSs in Embodiment 1 are approximately distributed between [0,0.13].
  • the cross-correlation values between are approximately distributed between [0,0.1], and the correlation between DMRSs of this scheme is better. It can be seen that the difference in the frequency domain sequence of the inner layer can improve the correlation between DMRSs, thereby reducing the interference caused by channel delay expansion and improving system performance.
  • port 0 and port 12 in Fig. 18(b) correspond to different inner layer frequency domain sequences of DMRS, and only the DFT sequence is used for illustration, and port 0 and port 1 correspond to DMRS
  • the inner frequency domain sequence can also There are other forms. Using the DFT sequence as the inner layer frequency domain sequence of the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and port 12 can make the correlation between the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and port 12 better.
  • frequency domain sequence in the above description is only an example of a DFT sequence, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the type of the frequency domain sequence.
  • the full text is described here in a unified manner, and will not be repeated in the future.
  • Step S1402 the terminal device sends at least one reference signal to the network device.
  • the network device receives at least one reference signal from the terminal device.
  • the terminal device may send the at least one reference signal to the network device.
  • Step S1403 the network device processes at least one reference signal.
  • the network device may process the at least one reference signal. For example, assuming that the reference signal is a DMRS, the network device can estimate an uplink or downlink channel according to the DMRS, and then demodulate data.
  • the reference signal is a DMRS
  • the transmitter may be a network device, such as a base station
  • the receiver may be a terminal device, that is to say, the reference signal may be a downlink reference signal.
  • the one performing the above step S1401 may also be a network device
  • the one performing the above step S1402 is a network device
  • the one performing the above step S1403 is a terminal device. It is explained here uniformly, and will not be described in detail later.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the device may be a terminal device or a module (for example, a chip) in the terminal device.
  • a module for example, a chip
  • the apparatus 2200 at least includes: a generating unit 2201 and a sending unit 2202; wherein:
  • the generating unit 2201 is configured to generate at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resource, and the sequence of the at least one reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: Including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and among the plurality of reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time domain sequence, and at least two reference signal frequency domain sequences exist Similarly, for reference signals with the same frequency domain sequence, the corresponding time domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, for reference signals with the same time domain sequence, the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are mutually orthogonal, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also mutually orthogonal Orthogonal;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a sending unit configured to send the at least one reference signal.
  • the apparatus 2200 at least includes: a generating unit 2201 and a sending unit 2202; wherein:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a sending unit 2202 configured to send the at least one reference signal.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus may be a terminal device, or may be a module (for example, a chip) in the terminal device.
  • the apparatus may be a network device, or a module (for example, a chip) in the network device. As shown in Figure 21:
  • the apparatus 2300 at least includes: a receiving unit 2301 and a processing unit 2302; wherein:
  • the receiving unit 2301 is configured to receive at least one reference signal, the at least one reference signal belongs to a reference signal set, all the reference signals in the reference signal set occupy the same time-frequency resources, and the sequence of the at least one reference signal
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the length of the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 2, r(Kn+k′) is a complex number, and n is greater than or an integer equal to 0;
  • the frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K-1) include the first frequency domain sequences w f (0), w f (1), ..., w f (K /2-1) and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the lengths of the first frequency domain sequence and the second frequency domain sequence are both K/2, and the value of k' in the first frequency domain sequence is 0 to K/2-1, and the second frequency domain sequence
  • the value of k' in the sequence is K/2 to K-1;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of reference signals In the signal, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the corresponding time-domain sequences are orthogonal to each other.
  • the corresponding first frequency domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding second frequency domain sequences are also orthogonal to each other;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals are mutually orthogonal, and the time domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a processing unit 2302 configured to process the at least one reference signal.
  • the apparatus 2300 at least includes: a receiving unit 2301 and a processing unit 2302; wherein:
  • ⁇ is a non-zero value
  • w f (k') is an element in the frequency domain sequence
  • k' is an integer
  • k' ranges from 0 to K-1
  • the frequency domain sequence w f (0), w f ( 1),...,w f (K-1) has length K
  • K is an integer
  • w t (l′) is an element in the time domain sequence
  • l′ is an integer
  • l′ ranges from 0 to L-1
  • the time domain sequence w t (0),w t (1),...,w t (L-1) has a length of L
  • L is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • r(Kn+k′) is a complex number
  • n is an integer greater than or equal to 0;
  • the outer frequency domain sequence s(0), s(1),...,s(M-1) has a length of M
  • the inner frequency domain sequence t(0), t(1),...,t(Q-1 ) length is Q
  • K M Q
  • Indicates the Kronik product M is an integer greater than or equal to 2
  • Q is an integer greater than or equal to 2;
  • the reference signal set includes at least two groups of reference signals, and each group of reference signals in the at least two groups of reference signals satisfies: including a plurality of the reference signals, the plurality of reference signals are orthogonal to each other, and the plurality of Among the reference signals, at least two reference signals have the same time-domain sequence, and at least two reference signals have the same frequency-domain sequence.
  • the time-domain sequences corresponding to the reference signals with the same frequency-domain sequence are orthogonal to each other.
  • the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to the same reference signal are orthogonal to each other, and the corresponding outer frequency domain sequences are the same;
  • the at least two groups of reference signals include a first group of reference signals and a second group of reference signals, and any reference signal in the first group of reference signals and any reference signal in the second group of reference signals correspond to an outer layer frequency
  • the domain sequences are orthogonal to each other, and the inner frequency domain sequences corresponding to any reference signal in the first set of reference signals and any reference signal in the second set of reference signals are different;
  • a processing unit 2302 configured to process the at least one reference signal.
  • the apparatus 2400 may include one or more processors 2401, and the processors 2401 may also be referred to as processing units, and may implement certain control functions.
  • the processor 2401 may be a general purpose processor or a special purpose processor or the like.
  • it can be a baseband processor or a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor can be used to process communication protocols and communication data
  • the central processing unit can be used to control communication devices (such as base stations, baseband chips, terminals, terminal chips, DU or CU, etc.), execute software programs, and process Data for Software Programs.
  • the processor 2401 can also store instructions and/or data 2403, and the instructions and/or data 2403 can be executed by the processor, so that the device 2400 executes the method described in the above-mentioned embodiment. described method.
  • the processor 2401 may include a transceiver unit configured to implement receiving and sending functions.
  • the transceiver unit may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface, or an interface circuit, or a communication interface.
  • the transceiver circuits, interfaces or interface circuits for realizing the functions of receiving and sending can be separated or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit, interface or interface circuit may be used for signal transmission or transmission.
  • the apparatus 2400 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the apparatus 2400 may include one or more memories 2402, on which instructions 2404 may be stored, and the instructions may be executed on the processor, so that the apparatus 2400 executes the above-mentioned method embodiments. described method.
  • data may also be stored in the memory.
  • instructions and/or data may also be stored in the processor.
  • the processor and memory can be set separately or integrated together. For example, the corresponding relationships described in the foregoing method embodiments may be stored in a memory, or stored in a processor.
  • the apparatus 2400 may further include a transceiver 2405 and/or an antenna 2406 .
  • the processor 2401 may be called a processing unit, and controls the apparatus 2400 .
  • the transceiver 2405 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver device, or a transceiver module, etc., and is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the communication device 2400 may be a terminal device, or a module (for example, a chip) in a terminal device, and the communication device 2400 may be a network device, or a module (for example, a chip) in a network device.
  • the processor 2401 when the computer program instructions stored in the memory 2402 are executed, the processor 2401 is used to control the generating unit 2201 to perform the operations performed in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 2405 is used to perform the operations performed by the sending unit 2202 in the above embodiments, The transceiver 2405 is also used to send information to other communication devices other than the communication device.
  • the foregoing terminal device or modules within the terminal device or the foregoing network device or modules within the network device may also be used to perform various methods performed by the terminal device or network device in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the communication device 2400 may be a terminal device, or a module (for example, a chip) in a terminal device, and the communication device 2400 may be a network device, or a module (for example, a chip) in a network device.
  • the processor 2401 when the computer program instructions stored in the memory 2402 are executed, the processor 2401 is used to control the processing unit 2302 to perform the operations performed in the above embodiments, and the transceiver 2405 is used to receive information from other communication devices other than the communication device information, the transceiver 2405 is also used to perform the operations performed by the receiving unit 2301 in the foregoing embodiments.
  • the foregoing terminal device or modules within the terminal device or the foregoing network device or modules within the network device may also be used to perform various methods performed by the terminal device or network device in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processors and transceivers described in this application can be implemented in integrated circuits (integrated circuits, ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards ( printed circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc.
  • the processor and transceiver can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.
  • CMOS complementary metal oxide semiconductor
  • NMOS nMetal-oxide-semiconductor
  • PMOS P-type Metal oxide semiconductor
  • BJT bipolar junction transistor
  • BiCMOS bipolar CMOS
  • the devices described in the above embodiments may be network devices or terminal devices, but the scope of the devices described in this application is not limited thereto, and the structure of the devices may not be limited by FIG. 21 .
  • a device may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device.
  • the device may be:
  • a set of one or more ICs may also include a storage unit for storing data and/or instructions;
  • ASIC such as modem (MSM)
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal device 2500 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input and output device.
  • the processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data, control the entire terminal, execute software programs, and process data of the software programs.
  • Memory is primarily used to store software programs and data.
  • the radio frequency circuit is mainly used for the conversion of the baseband signal and the radio frequency signal and the processing of the radio frequency signal.
  • Antennas are mainly used to send and receive radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves.
  • Input and output devices such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are mainly used to interface Receive user-input data and output data to the user.
  • the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, analyze and execute the instructions of the software program, and process the data of the software program.
  • the processor performs baseband processing on the data to be sent, and then outputs the baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit.
  • the radio frequency circuit processes the baseband signal to obtain a radio frequency signal and sends the radio frequency signal through the antenna in the form of electromagnetic waves. .
  • the radio frequency circuit receives the radio frequency signal through the antenna, the radio frequency signal is further converted into a baseband signal, and the baseband signal is output to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signal into data and processes the data .
  • Figure 23 shows only one memory and processor. In an actual terminal, there may be multiple processors and memories.
  • a storage may also be called a storage medium or a storage device, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
  • the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor is mainly used to process communication protocols and communication data.
  • the central processor is mainly used to control the entire terminal and execute software. Programs, which process data for software programs.
  • the processor in FIG. 23 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit.
  • the baseband processor and the central processing unit can also be independent processors, interconnected through technologies such as a bus.
  • the terminal may include multiple baseband processors to adapt to different network standards, the terminal may include multiple central processors to enhance its processing capability, and various components of the terminal may be connected through various buses.
  • the baseband processor may also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip.
  • the central processing unit may also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip.
  • the function of processing the communication protocol and communication data can be built in the processor, or can be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.
  • a terminal device 2500 includes a transceiver unit 2501 and a processing unit 2502 .
  • the transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiver, a transceiver device, and the like.
  • the device in the transceiver unit 2501 for realizing the receiving function can be regarded as a receiving unit
  • the device in the transceiver unit 2501 for realizing the sending function can be regarded as a sending unit
  • the transceiver unit 2501 includes a receiving unit and a sending unit.
  • the receiving unit may also be called a receiver, receiver, receiving circuit, etc.
  • the sending unit may be called a transmitter, transmitter, or transmitting circuit, etc.
  • the above-mentioned receiving unit and sending unit may be one integrated unit, or may be multiple independent units.
  • the above-mentioned receiving unit and sending unit may be located in one geographic location, or may be dispersed in multiple geographic locations.
  • the processing unit 2502 is configured to perform the operations performed by the generating unit 2201 in the above embodiments
  • the transceiver unit 2501 is configured to perform the operations performed by the sending unit 2202 in the above embodiments.
  • the terminal device 2500 may also be used to execute various methods performed by the terminal device in the method embodiments described in steps S1401 to S1403 and steps S1501 to S1503 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the process related to the terminal device in the communication method provided by the above method embodiment can be implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored.
  • the program is executed by a processor, the process related to the network device in the communication method provided by the above method embodiment can be implemented.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which, when running on a computer or a processor, causes the computer or processor to execute one or more steps in any one of the above-mentioned communication methods.
  • the various components of the equipment involved in the above-mentioned models A block may be stored in the computer-readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software function unit and sold or used as an independent product.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip system, including at least one processor and a communication interface, the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected through lines, and the at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to execute Including some or all of the steps described in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the system-on-a-chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application also discloses a communication system, the system includes a terminal device and a network device, and for a specific description, reference may be made to the above communication method.
  • the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile memory and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD), solid-state drive (solid-state drive, SSD), read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • dynamic RAM dynamic random access memory
  • synchronous dynamic random access memory synchronous dRAM, SDRAM
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • synchronous connection dynamic random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • a memory is, but is not limited to, any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the memory in the embodiment of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing a storage function, and is used for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components
  • the memory storage module
  • sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • modules/units in the device of the embodiment of the present application can be combined, divided and deleted according to actual needs.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质。通信方法包括：生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同。参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，每组参考信号满足：包括多个参考信号，多个参考信号两两正交，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交。通过本申请实施例，可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。

Description

一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质
本申请要求于2022年01月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为202210114621.7、申请名称为“一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质。
背景技术
解调参考信号(demodulation rseference signal，DMRS)是一种用于上行或者下行信道估计、进而解调数据的参考信号。现有通信系统，为了增加频谱效率，可以实现在相同的时频资源上传输多层数据，DMRS与数据伴随发送，每层数据需要对应一个DMRS。不同层数据的DMRS，包括对单用户多输入多输出系统(single user multiple input multiple output，SU-MIMO)同一用户设备(user equipment，UE)的多层数据的DMRS，和多用户多输入多输出系统(multiple user multiple input multiple output，MU-MIMO)多个UE的多层数据的DMRS，通过使用不同的DMRS循环移位(cyclic shift，CS)和/或正交掩码(orthogonal cover code，OCC)进行正交化，以区分用户空间复用的不同层数据或者区分不同的UE。
现有5G NR标准中，根据DMRS的频域资源配置，可以分为配置类型1(configuration type 1)和配置类型2(configuration type 2)。当DMRS占据两个正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号时，在配置类型1(configuration type 1)下，系统最大支持8个正交DMRS复用；在配置类型2(configuration type 2)下，系统最大支持12个正交DMRS复用。
随着移动通信的发展以及新兴业务的出现，对高速率的需求越来越大。增加多用户配对的传输层数有利于提升系统吞吐量。所以，当一个小区传输的层数比较多时，需要支持更多的参考信号，参考信号个数增多可能导致参考信号之间干扰增加，如何降低参考信号之间的干扰是亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法、装置及计算机可读存储介质，可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。
第一方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该方法可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，下面以应用于终端设备为例进行描述。该方法可以包括：
生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
发送所述至少一个参考信号。
在本申请提供的方案中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送一个或多个参考信号，这些参考信号可以属于同一个参考信号集合。参考信号集合中的所有参考信号可以被分为至少两个参考信号组，每个参考信号组包括多个参考信号，多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交，不同组参考信号之间任意参考信号对应的频域序列正交，对应的时域序列不同。本申请提供的方案，可以改善组间的参考信号的互相关性，从而可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和 所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述T＝2，满足：
k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中Δ为0或者1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′相关联，满足：
其中为整数。
第二方面，本申请提供了一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该方法可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，下面以应用于网络设备为例进行描述。该方法可以包括：
接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合 中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
处理所述至少一个参考信号。
在本申请提供的方案中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送一个或多个参考信号，这些参考信号可以属于同一个参考信号集合。参考信号集合中的所有参考信号可以被分为至少两个参考信号组，每个参考信号组包括多个参考信号，多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交，不同组参考信号之间任意参考信号对应的频域序列正交，对应的时域序列不同。本申请提供的方案，可以改善组间的参考信号的互相关性，从而可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为 1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述T＝2，满足：
k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中Δ为0或者1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′相关联，满足：
其中为整数。
第三方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该方法可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，下面以应用于终端设备为例进行描述。该方法可以包括：
生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频 域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
发送所述至少一个参考信号。
在本申请提供的方案中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送一个或多个参考信号，这些参考信号可以属于同一个参考信号集合。参考信号集合中的所有参考信号可以被分为至少两个参考信号组，每个参考信号组包括多个参考信号，多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的外层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的内层频域序列也相互正交，不同组参考信号之间任意参考信号对应的外层频域序列正交，对应的内层频域序列不同。本申请提供的方案，可以减小子组间的任意两个参考信号的互相关性，从而可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
第四方面，本申请提供一种通信方法，该方法可以应用于终端设备，也可以应用于终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该方法可以应用于网络设备，也可以应用于网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，下面以应用于终端设备为例进行描述。该方法可以包括：
接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
处理所述至少一个参考信号。
在本申请提供的方案中，终端设备可以向网络设备发送一个或多个参考信号，这些参考信号可以属于同一个参考信号集合。参考信号集合中的所有参考信号可以被分为至少两个参考信号组，每个参考信号组包括多个参考信号，多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的外层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的内层频域序列也相互正交，不同组参考信号之间任意参考信号对应的外层频域序列正交，对应的内层频域序列不同。本申请提供的方案，可以减小子组间的任意两个参考信号的互相关性，从而可以降低参考信号之间的干扰。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置。
有益效果可以参见第一方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现上述第一方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
生成单元，用于生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足： 包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
发送单元，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述T＝2，满足：
k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中Δ为0或者1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′相关联，满足：
其中为整数。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置。
有益效果可以参见第二方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现上述第二方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
处理单元，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述T＝2，满足：
k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中Δ为0或者1。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′相关联，满足：
其中为整数。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置。
有益效果可以参见第三方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现上述第三方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
生成单元，用于生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
发送单元，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置。
有益效果可以参见第四方面的描述，此处不再赘述。所述通信装置具有实现上述第四方面的方法实例中行为的功能。所述功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。所述硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通信装置包括：
接收单元，用于接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
处理单元，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为 1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
k与k′满足：
其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
l与l′满足：
其中为整数。
第九方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该装置可以包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行存储于存储器中的指令，当所述指令被执行时，执行第一方面或第一方面的任一实施方式提供的通信方法；或者第三方面或第三方面的任一实施方式提供的通信方法。
第十方面，提供了一种通信装置，该通信装置可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该装置可以包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行存储于存储器中的指令，当所述指令被执行时，执行第二方面或第二方面的任一实施方式提供的通信方法；或者第四方面或第四方面的任一实施方式提供的通信方法。
第十一方面，本申请提供了一种通信系统，该通信系统包括至少一个终端和至少一个网络设备，当至少一个前述的终端设备和至少一个前述的网络设备在还通信系统中运行时，用于执行上述第一方面或第二方面所述的任一种方法，或者执行上述第三方面或第四方面所述的任一种方法。
第十二方面，本申请提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机指令，当该计算机程序或计算机指令运行时，使得上述第一方面及其任一种可能的实现、第二方面及其任一种可能的实现、第三方面及其任一种可能的实现或者第四方面及其任一种可能的实现中所述方法被执行。
第十三方面，本申请提供了一种计算机程序产品，包含程序指令，当所述计算机程序产品在用户设备上运行时，使得上述第一方面及其任一种可能的实现、第二方面及其任一种可能的实现、第三方面及其任一种可能的实现和第四方面及其任一种可能的实现中所述方法被执行。
第十四方面，本申请提供了芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第一方面及其任一种可能的实现、第二方面及其任一种可能的实现、第三方面及其任一种可能的实现和第四方面及其任一种可能的实现中的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1是一种资源块的示意图；
图2是一种采用配置类型1的DMRS的导频图案的示意图；
图3是一种采用配置类型2的DMRS的导频图案的示意图；
图4是本申请实施例提供的一种网络架构示意图；
图5是本申请实施例提供的一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图7是本申请实施例提供的通过4长正交的频域序列得到的配置类型1的DMRS时频资源示意图；
图8是本申请实施例提供的一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图9是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图10本申请实施例提供的通过4长正交的频域序列得到的配置类型2的DMRS时频资源示意图；
图11是叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型1的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图；
图12是叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图；
图13是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图；
图14是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图15是本申请实施例提供的一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图；
图16是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图17是本申请实施例提供的另一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图；
图18是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图；
图19是本申请实施例提供的另一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图；
图20是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图21是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图22是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图；
图23是本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本申请方案，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分的实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都应当属于本申请保护的范围。
下面先给出本申请实施例可能出现的技术术语的定义。本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请。
(1)时频资源
在无线资源中，在时域上最小的资源粒度可以是一个正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing，OFDM)符号(symbol)，可简称为符号(symbol)，一个时隙包括多个符号，例如一个时隙可以包括14个符号；在频域上，最小的资源粒度可以是一个子载波。一个OFDM符号和一个子载波组成一个资源单元(resource element，RE)。物理层在进行资源映射的时候，是以RE为基本单位的。以第五代移动通信技术(5th Generation Mobile Communication Technology，5G)为例，请参阅图1，图1是一种时频资源的示意图。如图1所示，一个时隙包括14个符号，符号索引标示可为0,1,2…,13，一个RE在时域上占用一个符号，在频域上占用一个子载波，图1中的一个方格表示一个RE。资源块(Resource Block，RB)是频域基本调度单位，一个RB在频域上占12个子载波，子载波索引标示可为0,1,2…,11。
(2)解调参考信号(Demodulation Reference Signal，DMRS)
DMRS是一种用于上行或者下行信道估计，进而解调数据的参考信号。例如，可以利用DMRS对物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)或者物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)进行信道估计，以便对上/下行数据相关解调。其中，PDSCH和PUSCH分别用于承载下行和上行发送的数据，DMRS是和PDSCH或者PUSCH伴随着传输的。通常DMRS位于PDSCH或者PUSCH所占时隙的前几个符号。
在上下行传输过程中，根据每个用户设备(user equipment，UE)的信道条件等因素为每个被调度的UE分配一定数量的并行数据流，其中每个数据流称为一层传输。以5G新空口(new radio，NR)系统为例，下行单用户多输入多输出(single user-multiple input multiple output，SU-MIMO)最多支持8层传输；上行SU-MIMO最多支持4层传输。上下行的多用户多输入多输出(multiple user-multiple input multiple output，MU-MIMO)最多支持12层传输。其中，每层传输可以分别对应一个DMRS。
每个DMRS的预编码向量和对应的层的数据流的预编码向量相同，接收端需要根据每个DMRS分别做信道估计。其中不同的DMRS对应不同的索引，这里的索引可以是DMRS端口号。
具体的，在多层传输复用相同的时频资源的情况下，根据DMRS所采用的配置类型，在频域上不同的DMRS被划分成了不同的码分复用(code division multiplexing，CDM)组(group)。例如，NR中可以支持两种DMRS配置类型，即配置类型1和配置类型2。其中，同一个CDM组内的DMRS利用正交码来进行时频域上的扩展，并保证不同DMRS之间正交，不同CDM组之间采用频分方式来保证DMRS相互正交。
以采用循环前缀正交频分复用(cyclic prefix-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，CP-OFDM)波形的PUSCH DMRS为例：
请参阅图2，图2是一种采用配置类型1的DMRS的时频资源配置示意图。当为DMRS配置一个符号时，图2的(a)中两种图案的RE分别表示CDM组0和CDM组1所占RE，CDM组0包括端口0和端口1，CDM组1包括端口2和端口3。其中，在同一个CDM组内，不同端口的DMRS占用的RE相同，如图2的(a)中，端口0的DMRS和端口1的DMRS均在时域上占用符号2，频域上占用偶数标号子载波，如子载波0,2,4,6,8,10。如图2的(a)中，端口2的DMRS和端口3的DMRS均在时域上占用符号2，频域上占用奇数标号子载波，如子载波1,3,5,7,9,11。对于同一CDM组内的2个DMRS，采用2长正交频域序列保证码分正交。不同CDM组之间采用频分的方式，来保证不同CDM组之间DMRS相互正交，例如图2的(a)中，CDM组0和CDM组1中的DMRS在频域上占用的子载波不同。当DMRS配置采用类型1并且DMRS配置1个符号时，系统最大支持4个DMRS正交。
当为DMRS配置两个符号时，图2的(b)中两种图案的RE分别表示CDM组0和CDM组1所占RE，CDM组0包括端口0、端口1、端口4和端口5，端口号{0,1,4,5}标示的4个DMRS占用偶数标号子载波，如子载波0,2,4,6,8,10。CDM组1包括端口2、端口3、端口6和端口7。端口号{2,3,6,7}标示的4个DMRS占用奇数标号子载波，如子载波1,3,5,7,9,11。在同一个CDM组内，采用长度为2的正交频域序列和长度为2的正交时域序列来保证同一CDM组内的4个DMRS正交。当DMRS配置采用类型1并且DMRS配置2个符号时，系统最大支持8个DMRS正交。
请参阅图3，图3是一种采用配置类型2的DMRS的的时频资源配置示意图。图3(a)为DMRS配置一个符号时时频资源示意图，图3的(a)中三种图案的RE分别表示CDM组0、CDM组1和CDM组2所占RE，CDM组0包括端口0和端口1，CDM组1包括端口2和端口3，CDM组2包括端口4和端口5。其中，在同一个CDM组内，采用长度为2的正交频域序列来保证同一CDM组内的2个DMRS正交。当采用采用类型2并且DMRS配置1个符号时，系统最大支持6个DMRS正交。
图3(b)为DMRS配置两个符号时时频资源示意图，当为DMRS配置两个符号时，图3的(b)中三种图案的RE分别表示CDM组0、CDM组1和CDM组2所占RE，CDM组0包括端口0、端口1、端口6和端口7，CDM组1包括端口2、端口3、端口8和端口9，CDM组2包括端口4、端口5、端口10和端口11。其中，端口号{0,1,6,7}标示的4个DMRS占用一组相同标号子载波，端口号{2,3,8,9}标示的4个DMRS占用一组相同标号子载波，端口号{4,5,10,11}标示的4个DMRS占用一组相同标号子载波。在同一个CDM组内，采用长度为2的正交频域序列和长度为2的正交时域序列来保证同一CDM组内的4个DMRS正交。当采用采用类型2并且DMRS配置2个符号时，系统最大支持12个DMRS正交。
(3)DMRS扰码序列生成
当上下行通信采用CP-OFDM波形时，DMRS可以利用伪随机序列生成。例如，在5G NR系统中DMRS的扰码序列r(n)可以由伪随机序列序列c(n)经过正交相移键控(Quadrature Phase Shift Keying，QPSK)调制得到。比如r(n)可以表示为：
其中伪随机序列序列c(n)可定义为
c(n)＝(x1(n+Nc)+x2(n+Nc))mod2
x1(n+31)＝(x1(n+3)+x1(n))mod2
x2(n+31)＝(x2(n+3)+x2(n+2)+x2(n+1)+x2(n))mod2
其中，Nc＝1600，第一个m序列x1(n)的初始值为x1(0)＝1，x1(n)＝0，n＝1,2,…,30，第二个m序列x2(n)的初始值满足Cinit的值根据具体应用场景进行配置。以物理上行共享信道(Physical Uplink Shared Channel，PUSCH)为例，Cinit可由DMRS扰码标识(Identity document，ID)、DMRS的子帧位置和符号位置等配置信息得到，比如满足
其中，为一个时隙内的OFDM符号数，为一个帧内的时隙索引，l为一个时隙内的OFDM符号索引，为配置的ID。
(4)DMRS码分复用
在多层传输中各层复用相同的时频资源，各正交DMRS共用相同的扰码。另外，为了保证各DMRS之间正交，需要在扰码序列上叠加各层传输对应的正交码(orthogonal cover code，OCC)，正交码也可称为正交序列。具体的，通过叠加频域序列和时域序列保证不同DMRS之间码分正交。以现有NR PUSCH DMRS为例，承载在资源单元(k,l)p,μ上的元素值根据以下方式得到：


k′＝0,1

n＝0,1,…
其中，常量用于满足发射信号的功率要求，每个端口号p对应一个DMRS，也即端口号与DMRS之间是一一对应的，μ与子载波间隔有关，wf(k′)、wt(l′)分别表示频域序列和时域序列，来保证不同DMRS之间码分正交。以PUSCH DMRS为例，对于配置类型1的DMRS和配置类型2的DMRS的wf(k′)、wt(l′)、Δ的取值可以分别参见表1和表2：
表1：PUSCH DMRS配置类型1的参数
对于表1所示的配置类型1的DMRS的参数来说：表1示意了8个DMRS中每个DMRS的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)，基于表1，可以得到图2的(b)所示的8个端口对应的DMRS中每个DMRS叠加频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)之后的序列。请参阅图5，图5是一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域序列和频域序列的示意图。如图5所示，以图2的(b)为例进行说明，图中包括CDM组0和CDM组1的DMRS，对于CDM组0中的端口{0,1,4,5}：端口{0,1} 标示的2个DMRS的时域序列相同，即都为1,1，但频域序列分别为1,1和1,-1。因此，端口0和端口1通过频域序列不同实现正交。端口{4,5}标示的2个DMRS的时域序列相同，即都为1,-1，但频域正交码分别为1,1和1,-1。因此，端口4和端口5之间通过频域序列不同实现正交，而端口0，端口1与端口4，端口5之间通过时域序列不同实现正交。可以理解，端口{2,3,6,7}占据另一组频域资源，和端口{0,1,4,5}频分正交，其码分正交方式与端口{0,1,4,5}相同。
表2：PUSCH DMRS配置类型2的参数
对于表2所示的配置类型2的DMRS的参数来说：表2示意了12个DMRS中每个DMRS的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)，基于表2，可以得到图3的(b)所示的12个端口对应的DMRS中每个DMRS叠加频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)之后的序列。请参阅图6，图6是一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域序列和频域序列的示意图。如图6所示，以图3的(b)为例进行说明，图中包括CDM组0、CDM组1和CDM组2的DMRS，对于CDM组0中的端口{0,1,6,7}：端口{0,1}标示的2个DMRS的时域序列相同，即都为1,1，但频域序列分别为1,1、1,-1。因此，端口0和端口1通过正交的频域序列实现正交。端口{6,7}标示的2个DMRS的时域序列相同，即都为1,-1，但频域序列分别为1,1和1,-1。因此，端口6和端口7之间通过频域序列实现正交，而端口0，端口1与端口6，端口7之间通过时域序列正交。可以理解，端口{2,3,8,9}及端口{4,5,10,11}占据另一组频域资源，和端口{0,1,6,7}频分正交，其码分正交方式与端口{0,1,4,5}相同。又比如，配置1个符号时，基于表2，可以得到图3的(a)所示的6个端口对应的DMRS中每个DMRS叠加频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)之后的序列。请参阅图6(b)，图6(b)是一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加频域序列的示意图。如图6(b)所示，以图3的(a)为例进行说明，图中包括CDM组0、CDM组1和CDM组2的DMRS，对于CDM组0中的端口{0,1}：端口{0,1}标示的2个DMRS的频域序列分别为1,1、1,-1。因此，端口0和端口1通过正交的频域序列实现正交。可以理解，端口{2,3}及端口{4,5}占据另一组频域资源，和端口{0,1}频分正交，其码分正交方式与端口{0,1}相同。
(5)参考信号相关性
假设给定N长序列a(0),a(1),…,a(N-1)和b(0),b(1),…,b(N-1)，序列间归一化的互 相关值定义为其中a(i)，b(i)都为复数，b*(i)表示复数b(i)的共轭,|a(i)|和|b(i)|分别表示序列元素a(i)和b(i)的模。
如果满足则序列a(0),a(1),…,a(N-1)和b(0),b(1),…,b(N-1)是正交的，例如，序列1,1,1,1和序列1,-1,1,-1，满足互相关值为0，序列1,1,1,1和序列1,-1,1,-1是正交的；又例如，序列1,j,-1,-j和序列1,-j,-1,j满足序列1,j,-1,-j和序列1,-j,-1,j也是正交的。
OFDM系统中，序列承载在子载波上得到参考信号，假设不考虑信道的时延扩展，接收端来看，参考信号之间互相关值为0，互相之间是正交的，但实际系统中需要考虑信道的时延扩展，接收端来看，参考信号之间互相关值不再为0，相关性会变差，即由于信道时延扩展存在导致参考信号之间无法保证严格正交。随着移动通信的发展以及新兴业务的出现，对高速率的需求越来越大。增加多用户配对的传输层数有利于提升系统吞吐量。所以，当一个小区传输的层数比较多时，需要支持更多的DMRS。
基于上述，为了更好地理解本申请提出的一种通信方法，下面先对本申请实施例应用的网络架构进行描述。
请参阅图4，图4是本申请实施例提供的一种网络架构示意图。如图4所示，该网络架构可以包括网络设备1301和终端设备1302。终端设备1302可以通过无线方式与网络设备1301相连，并可以通过网络设备1301接入到核心网中。终端设备1302可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。
网络设备1301，可以是用于发射或接收信号的实体，可以是用于与终端设备通信的设备，该网络设备可以是全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的基站(NodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等，本申请实施例并不限定。网络设备可以是无线网络中的设备，例如将终端接入到无线网络的无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点。目前，一些RAN节点的举例为：基站、下一代基站gNB、发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、家庭基站、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，或WiFi系统中的接入点(access point，AP)等。在一种网络结构中，网络设备可以包括集中单元(centralized unit，CU)节点、或分布单元(distributed unit，DU)节点、或包括CU节点和DU节点的RAN设备。
终端设备1302，是用户侧的一种用于接收或发射信号的实体，如用户设备、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。终端设备还可以是手机(mobile phone)、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiationprotocol，SIP)电话、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR) 终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)，5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载，也可以部署在水面(如轮船等)，还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。
作为示例而非限定，在本申请实施例中，该终端还可以是可穿戴设备。可穿戴设备也可以称为穿戴式智能设备，是应用穿戴式技术对日常穿戴进行智能化设计、开发出可以穿戴的设备的总称，如眼镜、手套、手表、服饰及鞋等。可穿戴设备即直接穿在身上，或是整合到用户的衣服或配件的一种便携式设备。可穿戴设备不仅仅是一种硬件设备，更是通过软件支持以及数据交互、云端交互来实现强大的功能。广义穿戴式智能设备包括功能全、尺寸大、可不依赖智能手机实现完整或者部分的功能，例如：智能手表或智能眼镜等，以及只专注于某一类应用功能，需要和其它设备如智能手机配合使用，如各类进行体征监测的智能手环、智能首饰等。此外，在本申请实施例中，终端还可以是物联网(internet of things，IoT)系统中的终端，IoT是未来信息技术发展的重要组成部分，其主要技术特点是将物品通过通信技术与网络连接，从而实现人机互连，物物互连的智能化网络。在本申请实施例中，IOT技术可以通过例如窄带(narrow band，NB)技术，做到海量连接，深度覆盖，终端省电。此外，在本申请实施例中，终端还可以包括智能打印机、火车探测器、加油站等传感器，主要功能包括收集数据(部分终端)、接收网络设备的控制信息与下行数据，并发送电磁波，向网络设备传输上行数据。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)系统、宽带码多分址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(general packet radio service，GPRS)、LTE系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex，TDD)系统、通用移动通信(universal mobile telecommunications system，UMTS)系统、增强型数据速率GSM演进(enhanced data rate for GSM evolution，EDGE)系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)系统。本申请实施例的技术方案还可以应用于其他通信系统，例如公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)系统，高级的长期演进(LTE advanced，LTE-A)系统、第五代移动通信(the 5th generation，5G)系统、新空口(newradio，NR)系统、机器与机器通信(machine to machine，M2M)系统、或者未来演进的其它通信系统等，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
在本申请实施例中，终端或网络设备包括硬件层、运行在硬件层之上的操作系统层，以及运行在操作系统层上的应用层。该硬件层包括中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)、内存管理单元(memory management unit，MMU)和内存(也称为主存)等硬件。该操作系统可以是任意一种或多种通过进程(process)实现业务处理的计算机操作系统，例如，Linux 操作系统、Unix操作系统、Android操作系统、iOS操作系统或windows操作系统等。该应用层包含浏览器、通讯录、文字处理软件、即时通信软件等应用。并且，本申请实施例并未对本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体的具体结构特别限定，只要能够通过运行记录有本申请实施例的提供的方法的代码的程序，以根据本申请实施例提供的方法进行通信即可，例如，本申请实施例提供的方法的执行主体可以是终端或网络设备，或者，是终端或网络设备中能够调用程序并执行程序的功能模块。
需要说明的是，图4所示的网络架构中所包含的终端的数量和类型仅仅是一种举例，本申请实施例并不限制于此。例如，还可以包括更多的或者更少的与网络设备进行通信的终端，为简明描述，不在附图中一一描述。此外，在如图4所示的网络架构中，尽管示出了网络设备和终端，但是该应用场景中可以并不限于包括网络设备和终端，例如还可以包括核心网节点或用于承载虚拟化网络功能的设备等，这些对于本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的，在此不再一一赘述。
结合上述的网络架构，下面对本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法进行描述。
实施例一
在本申请实施例中，可以通过使用长度更长的频域序列来扩充DMRS的个数。下面以配置类型1的DMRS和配置类型2的DMRS的个数扩充为例，分别对本申请实施例提供的扩充DMRS个数的方法进行说明。
1、配置类型1的DMRS的端口数扩充
对于配置类型1的DMRS，可以通过使用长度更长的频域序列来扩充DMRS的个数，且能保证DMRS之间是正交的。比如，参考图5，是一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图，时域正交码可以理解为正交的时域序列，频域正交码可以理解为正交的频域序列。图5对应图2，图2是图5中采用配置类型1的DMRS的时频资源配置示意图。当DMRS配置2个符号时，使用2长的正交的频域序列和2长的正交的时域序列，系统最多可以支持8个正交DMRS复用，频域序列的长度为2时，正交的频域序列有2个，分别是1,1和1,-1。当将频域序列长度增加时，可以扩充DMRS的个数，例如，使用4长的频域序列和2长的时域序列，系统最多可以支持16个正交DMRS复用。图6是本申请实施例提供的另一种采用配置类型1的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图，图6相比于图5通过增加频域序列的长度进行了DMRS个数的扩充，在图6中，频域序列的长度为4，正交的频域序列有4个，频域序列可以为DFT序列，分别为1,1,1,1；1,j,-1,-j；1,-1,1,-1和1,-j,-1,j，16个正交的DMRS分别用端口0-15标示,可以认为图5中的端口0-7的DMRS为扩充之前的，端口8-15标示的DMRS为扩充的。端口0-15标示为了区别不同的DMRS，还可以有其他标示方法，端口号只是一个编号而已，编号可以改变或者交换。
图7为通过4长正交的频域序列得到的配置类型1的DMRS时频资源示意图，如图7所示，通过4长正交频域序列得到的16个DMRS分别用端口号0-15标识，其中，端口号{0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13}标示的8个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用偶数标号子载波。端口号{2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15}标示的8个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用奇数标号子载波。
2、配置类型2的DMRS的端口数扩充
对于配置类型2的DMRS，也可以通过使用长度更长的正交的频域序列来扩充DMRS的个 数，且能保证DMRS之间是正交的。
比如，图8是一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图，图8(a)表示DMRS配置2个符号，也就是DMRS占用2符号，图8(b)表示DMRS配置1个符号，也就是DMRS占用1符号。参考图8(a)，当DMRS配置2个符号时，使用2长的正交频域序列和2长的正交时域序列，系统最多可以支持12个正交DMRS复用，频域序列的长度为2时，正交的频域序列有2个，分别是1,1和1,-1。图9是另一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加时域正交码和频域正交码的示意图，图9(a)表示DMRS配置2个符号，也就是DMRS占用2符号，图9(b)表示DMRS配置1个符号，也就是DMRS占用1符号。参考图9(a)，使用4长的正交频域序列和2长的正交时域序列，系统最多可以支持24个正交DMRS复用，频域序列的长度为4时，正交的频域序列有4个，频域序列可以为Walsh序列，分别为1,1,1,1；1,1,-1,-1；1,-1,1,-1和1,-1,-1,1，在图8(a)中，24个正交的DMRS分别用端口0-23标示。可以理解，当DMRS配置2个符号，对于配置类型2的DMRS，图9(a)相比于图8(a)的频域序列长度加长一倍，得到的DMRS端口数量增加一倍。可以认为图9(a)中端口号0-11的DMRS为端口扩充之前的DMRS，端口号12-23的DMRS为扩充的DMRS。
图10为通过4长正交的频域序列得到的配置类型2的DMRS时频资源示意图，图10(a)表示DMRS配置2个符号，图10(b)表示DMRS配置1个符号。
如图10(a)所示，通过4长正交频域序列得到的24个DMRS分别用端口号0-23标识，其中，端口号{0,1,6,7,12,13,18,19}标示的8个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为0,1,6,7…的子载波。端口号{2,3,8,9,14,15,20,21}标示的8个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为2,3,8,9…的子载波。端口号{4,5,10,11,16,17,22,23}标示的8个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为4,5,10,11…的子载波。
比如，DMRS配置1个符号时，使用2长的正交频域序列，系统最多可以支持6个正交DMRS复用，频域序列的长度为2时，正交的频域序列有2个，分别是1,1和1,-1，参考图8(b)。
使用4长的正交频域序列，系统最多可以支持12个正交DMRS复用，频域序列的长度为4时，正交的频域序列有4个，频域序列可以为Walsh序列，分别为1,1,1,1；1,1,-1,-1；1,-1,1,-1和1,-1,-1,1，参考图9(b)，12个正交的DMRS分别用端口0,1,2,3,4,5,12,13,14,15,16,17标示。
如图10(b)所示，通过4长正交频域序列得到的12个DMRS分别用端口号0-11标识，其中，端口号{0,1,12,13}标示的4个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为0,1,6,7…的子载波。端口号{2,3,14,15}标示的4个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为2,3,8,9…的子载波。端口号{4,5,16,17}标示的4个DMRS属于同一个CDM组，占用相同的时频资源，频域上占用标号为4,5,10,11…的子载波。
本申请实施例提供的上述方法可以实现增加DMRS个数，从而能够进行更多层的数据传输，满足高速率传输的需求。
实施例二
本申请实施例还提供了一种提升DMRS之间相关性的方法，DMRS之间的相关性反映了DMRS之间的干扰水平，当DMRS之间的相关性越好，DMRS之间的干扰越小。DMRS之间的相关性可以通过互相关值来体现。
在本申请上述实施例中采用配置类型1的DMRS并且DMRS配置2个符号支持16个DMRS， 参阅图6，有两组码分复用的DMRS，以一组码分复用的DMRS为例，其中端口号{0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13}标示的8个DMRS占用相同时频资源，且通过叠加2长正交时域正交序列1,1；1,-1和4长正交频域序列1,1,1,1；1,j,-1,-j；1,-1,1,-1；1,-j,-1,j保证8个DMRS之间码分复用。
图11是叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型1的DMRS考虑信道时延扩展后的互相关(cross-correlation)累计分布图(cumulative distribution function，CDF)。如图11所示，横轴表示的是DMRS之间的互相关值，纵轴表示的是概率值，曲线表示的是端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口8标示的DMRS(记为DMRS8)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.05时，曲线上的累积概率值为0.38，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS8之间的互相关值小于等于0.05的累积概率为38％。或者可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.1时，曲线上的累积概率值为0.9，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS8之间的互相关值小于等于0.1的累积概率为90％。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值小于等于特定值的累积概率越小，并且互相关值越大，相关性越差。图中可以看出曲线表示的的DMRS之间互相关值小于等于0.1的累积概率还能够继续提升。
在本申请上述实施例中采用配置类型2的DMRS并且DMRS配置2个符号支持24个DMRS，参阅图9(a)，有三组码分复用的DMRS，以一组码分复用的DMRS为例，其中端口号{0,1,6,7,12,13,18,19}标示的8个DMRS占用相同时频资源，且通过叠加2长正交时域正交序列1,1；1,-1和4长正交频域序列1,1,1,1；1,1,-1,-1；1,-1,1,-1；1,-1,-1,1保证8个DMRS之间码分复用。
采用配置类型2的DMRS并且DMRS配置1个符号支持12个DMRS，参阅图9(b)，有三组码分复用的DMRS，以一组码分复用的DMRS为例，其中端口号{0,1,12,13}标示的4个DMRS占用相同时频资源，且通过叠加4长正交频域序列1,1,1,1；1,1,-1,-1；1,-1,1,-1；1,-1,-1,1保证4个DMRS之间码分复用。
图12是叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS考虑信道时延扩展后的互相关(cross-correlation)累计分布图(cumulative distribution function，CDF)。图12(a)标识DMRS配置2个符号，图12(b)表示DMRS配置1个符号。
如图12(a)所示，横轴表示的是DMRS之间的互相关值，纵轴表示的是概率值，曲线表示的是端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS 12)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.05时，曲线上的累积概率值为0.25，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS12之间的互相关值小于等于0.05的累积概率为25％。或者可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.1时，曲线上的累积概率值为0.58，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS12之间的互相关值小于等于0.1的累积概率为58％。
如图12(b)所示，横轴表示的是DMRS之间的互相关值，纵轴表示的是概率值，曲线表示的是扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS 0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS 12)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.05时，虚线曲线上的累积概率值为0.25，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS12之间的互相关值小于等于0.05的累积概率为25％。或者可以看出，互相关值小于等于0.1时，曲线上的累积概率值为0.58，也就是说DMRS0和DMRS12之间的互相关值小于等于0.1的累积概率为58％。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值小于等于特定值的累积概率越小，并且互相关值越大，相关性越差。图中可以看出表示的扩充后的DMRS之间互相关值小于等于0.1的累积概率还可以继续提升。
请参阅图13，图13是本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的流程示意图。本实施例中由终端设备执行的功能也可以由终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)来执行，本申请中由网络设备执行的功能也可以由网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)来执行。本实施例可以以参考信号为DMRS进行举例说明。如图13所示，该通信方法可以包括以下步骤。
步骤S1401：终端设备生成至少一个参考信号。
可选地，参考信号可以DMRS。
对于每个参考信号的序列，序列中的元素值a满足：
公式1：a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数。
可选的，映射到资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l。
可选地，终端设备确定参考信号的序列r(m)，r(m)也可以称为扰码序列，可以是本地存储，也可以根据以下公式得到：
比如其中c(i)为伪随机序列，伪随机序列可以由Gold序列定义。其中，m为大于或等于0的整数，m可以为Kn+k′。
可选地，终端设备确定参考信号占据的时频资源或者资源配置类型，可以通过高层信令配置指示，参考信号的资源配置类型可以为配置类型1或者配置类型2。
可选地，以资源配置类型为配置类型1为例，元素值ak,l映射到资源单元(k,l)上，其中k表示子载波的索引，l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引。
其中ak,l满足
公式2：ak,l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中公式2中各参数的取值与公式1相同，此处不再赘述。
其中
公式3：k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
其中，Δ为0或者1，为整数。例如T＝2，Δ＝0，子载波索引k为0,2,4,6，…,又例如l′取值为0,1，符号索引l为2,3。
可选地，β可以表示幅度，可以用于满足发射信号的功率要求，β为非零的值，可以理解为，β可以为非零整数，例如β＝1；β也可以为非零复数，表示为β＝a+bj，a，b为实数，例如β＝2，或者β＝2+j，或者β＝1j。
可选地，L可以是参考信号占用的最大符号数，可通过信令指示，比如L＝2；
可选地，频域序列的长度K为整数，比如K＝4；
终端设备生成的上述参考信号可以属于参考信号集合，对于一个参考信号集合内的所有参考信号所占用的时频资源相同，即参考信号集合中的参考信号在频域上占用相同的子载波，在时域上占用相同的符号。可以以图7为例，对参考信号集合中所有参考信号占用相同的时频资源的含义进行说明：
时频资源可以包括多个资源单元(k,l)，一个资源单元即为一个RE，也就是图7中的一个小方格代表一个资源单元，其中，k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引。以DMRS分配一个RB为例，参阅图7，DMRS在频域上占据6个子载波，DMRS在时域上占据2个符号，一个资源单元指频域上一个子载波，时域上一个符号，时频资源包括12个资源单元，(k,l)用于标识资源单位，例如(0,2)标识子载波的索引k＝0，符号的索引l＝2的资源单元。
图7中端口{0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13}标示的参考信号用网格线示出，可以看出端口{0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13}标示的参考信号占用的资源单元分别为资源单元(0,2)，资源单元(0,3)，资源单元(2,2)，资源单元(2,3)，资源单元(4,2)，资源单元(4,3)，资源单元(6,2)，资源单元(6,3)，资源单元(8,2)，资源单元(8,3)，资源单元(10,2)，资源单元(10,3)。可以将这8个DMRS作为一个参考信号集合。
在上述示例中Δ可为0，子载波索引k的取值范围为0,2,4,6….，取值可为2，l′取值范围为0,1，l的取值范围为2,3，即参考信号在时域上占据符号索引为2,3的两个符号。又例如，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，Δ可为1，子载波索引k的取值范围为1,3,5,7….，取值可为2，l′取值范围为0,1，l的取值范围为2,3，即参考信号在时域上占据符号索引为2,3的两个符号，则这8个不同的参考信号占据的时频资源图样参考图7中端口{2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15}标示的参考信号。
可选地，参考信号集合中的任意两个参考信号对应的序列r(m)相同；
可选地，参考信号集合中的任意两个参考信号对应的频域序列正交，和/或，对应的时域序列正交，即参考信号通过叠加不同的频域序列和/或时域序列保证相互之间正交。例如，两个参考信号叠加的频域序列分别为1,1,1,1和1,-1,1,-1，频域序列1,1,1,1和1,-1,1,-1是互相正交的，使得两个参考信号之间也能保证是正交的，又例如，两个参考信号叠加的时域序列分别为1,1和1,-1，时域序列1,1和1,-1是互相正交的，使得两个参考信号之间也能保证是正交的，又例如，两个参考信号叠加的时域序列分别为1,1和1,-1，时域序列1,11和1,-1是互相正交的，叠加的频域序列分别为1,1,1,1和1,-1,1,-1，频域序列1,1,1,1和1,-1,1,-1是互相正交的，使得两个参考信号之间也能保证是正交的。
可选地所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列wf(K/2),也就是说，频域序列的前半部分是第一频域序列，频域序列的后半部分是第二频域序列，或者也可以说所述频域序列由第一频域序列和第二频域序列组成。
比如K＝4，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(3)为1,-1,-1,1，第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1)为1，-1，第二频域序列wf(2),wf(3)为-1，1。
至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两 两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同。
以配置类型1的DMRS为例：
例如参阅图14(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，用端口{0,1,4,5,8,9,12,13}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{0,1,4,5}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表一：
表一：
第二组参考信号包括端口{8,9,12,13}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二：
表二
从上述示例中可以看出，对于第一组参考信号中所包括的四个参考信号，至少包括两个参考信号的时域序列相同，例如端口号0的DMRS和端口号1的DMRS。而且至少包括两个参考信号的频域序列相同，例如端口号0和端口号4的DMRS。对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列相互正交，且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交，例如，对于端口号0和端口号1的DMRS，端口号0对应的第一频域序列为1,1，端口号1对应的第一频域序列为1,-1，二者互相正交。对于端口号0对应的第二频域序列为1,1，端口号1对应的第二频域序列为1,-1，二者也互相正交。对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列正交，例如，对于端口号0和端口号4的DMRS，时域序列分别为1,1,和1,-1，这两个时域序列相互正交。
对于第二组参考信号中所包括的四个参考信号，至少包括两个参考信号的时域序列相同，例如端口号8的DMRS和端口号9的DMRS。而且至少包括两个参考信号的频域序列相同，例如端口号8和端口号12的DMRS。对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列相互正交，且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交，例如，对于端口号8和端口号9的DMRS，端口号8对应的第一频域序列为1,j，端口号9对应的第一频域序列为1,-j，二者互相正交。对于端口号8对应的第二频域序列为-1,-j，端口号9对应的第二频域序列为-1,j，二者也互相正交。对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列正交，例如，对于端口号8和端口号12 的DMRS，时域序列分别为1,j,和1,-j，这两个时域序列相互正交。
并且，第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同。
例如，第一组参考信号中的端口号0的DMRS对应的频域序列为1,1,1,1，第二组参考信号中的端口号8对应的频域序列为1,j,-1,-j，这两个频域序列正交。第二组参考信号中的端口号9对应的频域序列为1,-j,-1,j，序列1,1,1,1与该序列为1,-j,-1,j也正交。第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交的含义是第一组参考信号中的每个参考信号与第二组参考信号中的每个参考信号之间的频域序列都正交。具体的，此处不再举例。
进一步的，第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同。继续参考上述示例，第一组参考信号中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,1和1,-1，第二组参考信号中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,j和1,-j。可以看出，第一组参考信号中的每个参考信号的时域序列与第二组参考信号中的每个参考信号的时域序列均不同。
又例如，参阅图14(b)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{2,3,6,7,10,11,14,15}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{2,3,6,7}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表三：
表三
第二组参考信号包括端口{10,11,14,15}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表四：
表四
图14(b)中的参考信号与图14(a)中的参考信号仅占用的时频资源不同，也适用于上述方法，为避免重复，此处不再赘述。另外，端口号只是一个编号而已，编号可以改变或者交换。
按照上述表格中的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)得到的参考信号，在考虑信道的时延扩展情况下，能够进一步提升参考信号之间的相关性，参考信号之间的互相关值比较小，也即参考信号之间的干扰比较小，能保证比较优的性能。
需要说明的是，第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同，在本申请实施例中，图14(a)和14(b)中第一组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,1和1,-1，第二组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,j和1,-j，很容易推广到 第一组中的参考信号对应的时域序列为1,j和1,-j，第二组中的参考信号对应的时域序列为1,1和1,-1，参阅图14(c)和14(d)。
请参阅图15(a)，图15(a)是本申请实施例提供的一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图。如图15(a)所示，实线曲线是本申请实施例一中叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型1的DMRS之间的的互相关累计分布图，对于是实线曲线的具体介绍可以参见图11。虚线曲线表示的是本方案中DMRS之间的互相关值分布，参阅图14，虚线曲线表示的是图14(a)中端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口8标示的DMRS(记为DMRS8*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值越大，相关性越差，图中可以看出实施例一中的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.14]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.1]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的相关性得到了进一步的提升。
请参阅图15(b)，图15(b)是本申请实施例提供的又一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图。参阅图5，扩充前，端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口1标示的DMRS(记为DMRS1)之间的互相关性是最差的，虚线曲线表示的是扩充前端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口1标示的DMRS(记为DMRS1)之间的互相关值累计概率的分布曲线，见曲线1；参阅图6，实施例一中扩充后，端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口8标示的DMRS(记为DMRS8)之间的互相关性是最差的，实线曲线表示的是实施例一中扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口8标示的DMRS(记为DMRS8)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，见曲线2；参阅图14(a)，点划线曲线表示的是本方案实施例二中扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口8标示的DMRS(记为DMRS8*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，见曲线3。从图15(b)中可以看出，扩充后DMRS0和DMRS8之间互相关比扩充前DMRS0和DMRS1之间互相关差，A点与C点互相关值分别为0.07和0.13，最大互相关值差距为0.06，本方案实施例二中扩充后DMRS0和DMRS8*之间互相关比实施例一中扩充后DMRS0和DMRS8之间互相关性更好，与扩充前DMRS0和DMRS1之间互相关差距明显变小，A点与B点互相关值分别为0.07和0.1，最大互相关值差距为0.03，互相关性得到明显改善。
请参阅图15(c)，图15(c)是本申请实施例提供的又一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图。参阅图6，实施例一中扩充后，端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12)之间的互相关性是最好的，实线曲线表示的是扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12)之间的互相关值累计概率的分布曲线，互相关值小于等于0的累计概率为1，见图中标记曲线1，A点互相关值为0；参阅图14(a)，虚线曲线表示的是实施例二中本方案扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，从图中可以看出，本方案扩充后DMRS0和DMRS12*之间互相关虽然比扩充前DMRS0和DMRS12之间互相关变差了一些，但互相关值分布在[0,0.1]，最大互相关值B点为0.1，互相关性仍很好。
可以看出时域正交码的不同，可以改善DMRS之间的相关性，从而减小由于信道时延扩展带来的干扰，提升系统性能。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，图14(a)中第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同，仅以第一组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,1和1,-1，第二组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,j和1,-j进行举例说明，时域正交码还可以有其它的形式，比如，也可以为第一组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,1和1,-1， 第二组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括和本申请实施例对具体时域序列不作限定，全文在此统一说明，后续不加赘述。以第一组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,1和1,-1，第二组中的参考信号对应的时域序列包括1,j和1,-j，可以使得DMRS之间的相关性更好。
需要说明的是，上述的描述中的频域序列序列仅以离散傅里叶变换(discrete fourier transform，DFT)序列进行举例说明，本申请实施例对频域序列的类型不作限定。全文在此统一说明，后续不加赘述。
另一种实现方式，以配置类型2的DMRS为例：
例如，参阅图16(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{0,1,6,7,12,13,18，19}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{0,1,6,7}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表五：
表五
第二组参考信号包括端口{12,13,18,19}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表六：
表六
又例如，参阅图16(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{2,3,8,9,14,15,20，21}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{2,3,8,9}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表七：
表七
第二组参考信号包括端口{14,15,20，21}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表八：
表八
又例如，参阅图16(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{4,5,10,11,16,17,22，23}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{4,5,10,11}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表九：
表九
第二组参考信号包括端口{16,17,22，23}表示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十：
表十
按照上述表格中的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)得到的参考信号，在考虑信道的时延扩展情况下，参考信号之间的互相关值比较小，也即参考信号之间的干扰比较小，能保证比较优的性能。
本方案中第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和第二组参考信号中任一参考信号，对应的时域序列是不同的，能够提升参考信号之间的相关性。
第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和第二组参考信号中任一参考信号，对应的时域序列是不同的，还可以理解为第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和第二组参考信号中任一参考信号，对应的时域序列之间互相关值不为1。
请参阅图17，图17是本申请实施例提供的另一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图，图17(a)中实线曲线是实施例一中叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图，且DMRS配置2个符号，关于对图17(a)中实线曲线的描述可以参考图12(a)。对于图17(a)中虚线曲线表示的是本方案中DMRS之间的互相关值分布，参阅图16(a)，虚线表示的是图16(a)中端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值越大，相关性越差，图中可以看出实施例一中的的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.13]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.1]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的相关性更好。可以看出时域正交码的不同，可以改善DMRS之间的相关性，从而减小由于信道时延扩展带来的干扰，提升系统性能。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，例如，参阅图16(b)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考 信号，端口{0,1,6,7,12,13,18，19}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{0,1,6,7}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十一：
表十一
第二组参考信号包括端口{12,13,18，19}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十二：
表十二
又例如，参阅图16(b)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{2,3,8,9,14,15,20,21}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{2,3,8,9}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十三：
表十三
第二组参考信号包括端口{14,15,20,21}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十四：
表十四
例如，参阅图16(b)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{4,5,10,11,16,17,22,23}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{4,5,10,11}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十五：
表十五
第二组参考信号包括端口{16,17,22,23}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和 时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十六：
表十六
按照上述表格中的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)得到的参考信号，在考虑信道的时延扩展情况下，参考信号之间的互相关值比较小，也即参考信号之间的干扰比较小，能保证比较优的性能。
请参阅图17(b)，图17(b)中实线曲线是实施例一中叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图，且DMRS配置2个符号，关于对图17(b)中实现曲线的描述可以参考图12(a)。对于图17(b)中虚线曲线表示的是本方案中DMRS之间的互相关值分布，参阅图16(b)，虚线表示的是图16(b)中端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值越大，相关性越差，图中可以看出实线曲线的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.13]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.1]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的相关性更好。
请参阅图17(c)，图17(c)是本申请实施例提供的又一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图。虚线曲线表示的是扩充前端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口1标示的DMRS(记为DMRS1)之间的互相关值累计概率的分布曲线，互相关值小于等于0的累计概率为1，见曲线1，实线曲线表示的是扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，见曲线2，点划线曲线表示的是本方案扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，见曲线3，从图中可以看出，扩充后DMRS0和DMRS12之间互相关与扩充前DMRS0和DMRS1之间互相关差距较大，A点与C点互相关值分别为0和0.13，最大互相关值差距为0.13,本方案扩充后DMRS0和DMRS12*之间互相关与扩充前DMRS0和DMRS1之间互相关差距变小，A点与B点互相关值分别为0和0.07，最大互相关值差距为0.07，互相关性得到明显改善。
请参阅图17(d)，图17(d)是本申请实施例提供的又一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图。实线曲线表示的是扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)和端口18标示的DMRS(记为DMRS18)之间的互相关值累计概率的分布曲线，互相关值小于等于0的概率为1，见曲线1，A点的互相关值为0，虚线曲线表示的是本方案扩充后端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口18标示的DMRS(记为DMRS18*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线，从图中可以看出，本方案扩充后DMRS0和DMRS18*之间互相关虽然比扩充前DMRS0和DMRS18之间互相关变差了一些，但互相关值分布在[0,0.07]，最大互相关值B点为0.07，互相关性仍很好。
可以看出频域序列不同，并且时域时域序列也不同，可以改善DMRS之间的相关性，从而 减小由于信道时延扩展带来的干扰，提升系统性能。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
wf(Q-1)＝s(0)·t(Q-1),wf(Q)＝s(1)·t(0)，wf(Q+1)＝s(1)·t(1)，…,wf(2Q-1)＝s(1)·t(Q-1),…,wf((M-1)·Q)＝s(M-1)·t(0)，wf((M-1)·Q+1)＝s(M-1)·t(1)，…,wf(M·Q-1)＝s(M-1)·t(Q-1)。
比如K＝4，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(3)为1,-1,-1,1,满足
则频域序列对应的外层频域序列为1,-1，频域序列对应的内层频域序列为1,-1。
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，
所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同。
例如，参阅图18(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{0,1,6,7,12,13,18，19}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{0,1,6,7}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十七：
表十七
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十八：
表十八
第二组参考信号包括端口{12,13,18，19}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表十九：
表十九
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十：
表二十
从上述示例中可以看出，对于第一组参考信号中所包括的四个参考信号，至少包括两个时域序列相同的参考信号，例如端口号0的DMRS和端口号1的DMRS。而且至少包括两个频域序列相同的参考信号，例如端口号0和端口号6的DMRS。对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同，例如，对于端口号0和端口号1的DMRS，端口号0对应的内层频域序列为1,1，端口号1对应的内层频域序列为1,-1,二者互相正交，对于端口号0和端口号1的DMRS，端口号0对应的外层频域序列为1,1，端口号1对应的外层频域序列为1,1,二者相同。对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列正交，例如，对于端口号0和端口号6的DMRS，时域序列分别为1,1,和1,-1，这两个时域序列相互正交。
对于第二组参考信号中所包括的四个参考信号，至少包括两个时域序列相同的参考信号的，例如端口号12的DMRS和端口号13的DMRS。而且至少包括两个频域序列相同的参考信号的，例如端口号12和端口号18的DMRS。对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同，例如，对于端口号12和端口号13的DMRS，端口号12对应的内层频域序列为1,j，端口号13对应的内层频域序列为1,-j,二者互相正交，对于端口号12和端口号13的DMRS，端口号12对应的外层频域序列为1,-1，端口号13对应的外层频域序列为1,-1,二者相同。对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列正交，例如，对于端口号12和端口号18的DMRS，时域序列分别为1,1,和1,-1，这两个时域序列相互正交。
并且，第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同。
例如，第一组参考信号中的端口号0的DMRS对应的外层频域序列为1,1，第二组参考信号中的端口号12对应的外层频域序列为1,-1，这两个外层频域序列正交。第二组参考信号中的端口号13对应的外层频域序列为1,-1，序列1,-1与该序列为1,1也正交。第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交的含 义是第一组参考信号中的每个参考信号与第二组参考信号中的每个参考信号之间的外层频域序列都正交。具体的，此处不再举例。
进一步的，第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同。继续参考上述示例，第一组参考信号中的参考信号对应的内层频域序列包括1,1和1,-1，第二组参考信号中的参考信号对应的内层频域序列包括1,j和1,-j。可以看出，第一组参考信号中的每个参考信号的内层频域序列与第二组参考信号中的每个参考信号的内层频域序列均不同。
例如，参阅图18(a)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{2,3,8,9,14,15,20,21}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{2,3,8,9}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十一：
表二十一
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十二：
表二十二
第二组参考信号包括端口{14,15,20,21}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十三：
表二十三
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十四：
表二十四
又例如，参阅图18(b)，参考信号集合中包含8个不同的参考信号，端口{4,5,10,11,16,17,22,23}标示，第一组参考信号包括端口{4,5,10,11}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十五：
表二十五
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十六：
表二十六
第二组参考信号包括端口{16,17,22,23}标示的4个参考信号，其对应的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十七：
表二十七
其对应的外层频域序列、内层频域序列和时域序列wt(l′)见如下表二十八：
表二十八
按照上述表格中的频域序列wf(k′)和时域序列wt(l′)得到的参考信号，在考虑信道的时延扩展情况下，参考信号之间的互相关值比较小，也即参考信号之间的干扰比较小，能保证比较优的性能。
本方案中第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和第二组参考信号中任一参考信号，对应的内层频域序列是不同的，有助于改善参考信号之间的相关性。
请参阅图19，图19是本申请实施例提供的另一种考虑信道时延扩展后DMRS之间的互相关累计分布对比图，图19(a)中实线曲线是实施例一中叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图，且DMRS配置2个符号，关于对图19(a)中实现曲线的描述可以参考图12(a)。对于图19(a)虚线表示的是本方案中DMRS之间的互相关值分布，参阅图18(b)，虚线表示的是图18(b)中端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值越大，相关性越差，图中可以看出实线曲线之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.13]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.1]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的相关性更好。可以看出内层频域序列的不同，可以改善DMRS之间的相关性，从而减小由于信道时延扩展带来的干扰，提升系统性能。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，图18(a)中的端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列不同，仅以1,1和1,j分别作为端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列进行举例说明，端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列还可以有其它的形式。以1,1和1,j分别作为端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列，可以使得端口0和端口12对应DMRS之间的相关性较优。
另外，该方案还可推广到DMRS占用1个符号的场景，如图18(b)所示，图18(b)是本申请实施例提供的一种采用配置类型2的DMRS叠加频域序列的示意图。如图18(b)所示，参考信号集合包括端口号{0,1,12,13}标示标示的4个DMRS，或者参考信号集合包括端口号{2,3,14,15}标示的4个DMRS，或者参考信号集合包括端口号{4,5,16,17}标示的4个DMRS。
请参阅图19(b)，实线曲线是实施例一中叠加4长频域正交码得到的配置类型2的DMRS之间的互相关累计分布图，且DMRS配置1个符号，关于对图19(b)中实现曲线的描述可以参考图12(b)。虚线表示的是本方案中DMRS之间的互相关值分布，参阅图18(b)，虚线表示的是图18(b)中端口0标示的DMRS(记为DMRS0)与端口12标示的DMRS(记为DMRS12*)之间的互相关值所占概率的分布曲线。
由于DMRS之间的互相关值越大，相关性越差，图中可以看出实施例一中的的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.13]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的互相关值大约分布在[0,0.1]之间，本方案的DMRS之间的相关性更好。可以看出内层频域序列的不同，可以改善DMRS之间的相关性，从而减小由于信道时延扩展带来的干扰，提升系统性能。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，图18(b)中的端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列不同，仅以DFT序列进行举例说明，端口0和端口1对应DMRS的内层频域序列还可以 有其它的形式。以DFT序列作为端口0和端口12对应DMRS的内层频域序列，可以使得端口0和端口12对应DMRS之间的相关性较优。
需要说明的是，上述的描述中的频域序列仅以DFT序列进行举例说明，本申请实施例对频域序列的类型不作限定。全文在此统一说明，后续不加赘述。
步骤S1402：终端设备向网络设备发送至少一个参考信号。
相应地，网络设备接收来自终端设备的至少一个参考信号。
终端设备生成至少一个参考信号之后，可以向网络设备发送所述至少一个参考信号。
步骤S1403：网络设备处理至少一个参考信号。
网络设备接收来自终端设备的至少一个参考信号后，可以对所述至少一个参考信号进行处理。例如，假设参考信号是DMRS，网络设备可以根据DMRS对上行或者下行信道估计、进而解调数据。
在本发明的所有实施例中，可选地，发射方可以是网络设备，比如基站，接收方可以是终端设备，也就是说参考信号可以是下行参考信号。或者可以理解为，执行上述步骤S1401的也可以是网络设备，执行上述步骤S1402的是网络设备，执行上述步骤S1403的是终端设备。在这里统一说明，后文不再赘述。
上面描述了本申请实施例提供的方法实施例，下面对本申请实施例涉及的虚拟装置实施例进行描述。
请参阅图20，图20是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图，该装置可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。如图20所示：
在一种可能的实现方式中，该装置2200，至少包括：生成单元2201和发送单元2202；其中：
生成单元2201，用于生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足： 包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
发送单元，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置2200，至少包括：生成单元2201和发送单元2202；其中：
生成单元2201，生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
发送单元2202，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
请参阅图21，图21是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。该装置可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。该装置可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)。如图21所示：
在一种可能的实现方式中，该装置2300，至少包括：接收单元2301和处理单元2302；其中：
接收单元2301，用于接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
处理单元2302，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，该装置2300，至少包括：接收单元2301和处理单元2302；其中：
接收单元2301，接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数， n为大于或等于0的整数；
所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
处理单元2302，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
基于上述网络架构，请参阅图22，图22是本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的结构示意图。如图22所示，该装置2400可以包括一个或多个处理器2401，处理器2401也可以称为处理单元，可以实现一定的控制功能。处理器2401可以是通用处理器或者专用处理器等。例如可以是基带处理器或中央处理器。基带处理器可以用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器可以用于对通信装置(如，基站、基带芯片，终端、终端芯片，DU或CU等)进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。
在一种可选的设计中，处理器2401也可以存有指令和/或数据2403，所述指令和/或数据2403可以被所述处理器运行，使得所述装置2400执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。
在另一种可选的设计中，处理器2401中可以包括用于实现接收和发送功能的收发单元。例如该收发单元可以是收发电路，或者是接口，或者是接口电路，或者是通信接口。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、接口或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路、接口或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
在又一种可能的设计中，装置2400可以包括电路，所述电路可以实现前述方法实施例中发送或接收或者通信的功能。
可选的，所述装置2400中可以包括一个或多个存储器2402，其上可以存有指令2404，所述指令可在所述处理器上被运行，使得所述装置2400执行上述方法实施例中描述的方法。可选的，所述存储器中还可以存储有数据。可选的，处理器中也可以存储指令和/或数据。所述处理器和存储器可以单独设置，也可以集成在一起。例如，上述方法实施例中所描述的对应关系可以存储在存储器中，或者存储在处理器中。
可选的，所述装置2400还可以包括收发器2405和/或天线2406。所述处理器2401可以称为处理单元，对所述装置2400进行控制。所述收发器2405可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路、收发装置或收发模块等，用于实现收发功能。
在一个实施例中，该通信装置2400可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该通信装置2400可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，存储器2402中存储的计算机程序指令被执行时，该处理器2401用于控制生成单元2201执行上述实施例中执行的操作，收发器2405用于执行上述实施例中发送单元2202执行的操作，收发器2405还用于向该通信装置之外的其它通信装置发送信息。上述终端设备或者终端设备内的模块或者上述网络设备或者网络设备内的模块还可以用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备或者网络设备执行的各种方法，不再赘述。
在一个实施例中，该通信装置2400可以为终端设备，也可以为终端设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，该通信装置2400可以为网络设备，也可以为网络设备中的模块(例如，芯片)，存储器2402中存储的计算机程序指令被执行时，该处理器2401用于控制处理单元2302执行上述实施例中执行的操作，收发器2405用于接收来自该通信装置之外的其它通信装置的信息，收发器2405还用于执行上述实施例中接收单元2301执行的操作。上述终端设备或者终端设备内的模块或者上述网络设备或者网络设备内的模块还可以用于执行上述方法实施例中终端设备或者网络设备执行的各种方法，不再赘述。
本申请中描述的处理器和收发器可实现在集成电路(integrated circuit，IC)、模拟IC、射频集成电路RFIC、混合信号IC、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、印刷电路板(printed circuit board，PCB)、电子设备等上。该处理器和收发器也可以用各种IC工艺技术来制造，例如互补金属氧化物半导体(complementary metal oxide semiconductor,CMOS)、N型金属氧化物半导体(nMetal-oxide-semiconductor，NMOS)、P型金属氧化物半导体(positive channel metal oxide semiconductor,PMOS)、双极结型晶体管(Bipolar Junction Transistor，BJT)、双极CMOS(BiCMOS)、硅锗(SiGe)、砷化镓(GaAs)等。
以上实施例描述中的装置可以是网络设备或者终端设备,但本申请中描述的装置的范围并不限于此,而且装置的结构可以不受图21的限制。装置可以是独立的设备或者可以是较大设备的一部分。例如所述装置可以是：
(1)独立的集成电路IC，或芯片，或，芯片系统或子系统；
(2)具有一个或多个IC的集合，可选的，该IC集合也可以包括用于存储数据和/或指令的存储部件；
(3)ASIC，例如调制解调器(MSM)；
(4)可嵌入在其他设备内的模块；
(5)接收机、终端、智能终端、蜂窝电话、无线设备、手持机、移动单元、车载设备、网络设备、云设备、人工智能设备、机器设备、家居设备、医疗设备、工业设备等等；
(6)其他等等。
请参阅图23，图23是本申请实施例提供的一种终端设备的结构示意图。为了便于说明，图22仅示出了终端设备的主要部件。如图23所示，终端设备2500包括处理器、存储器、控制电路、天线、以及输入输出装置。处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，以及对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。存储器主要用于存储软件程序和数据。射频电路主要用于基带信号与射频信号的转换以及对射频信号的处理。天线主要用于收发电磁波形式的射频信号。输入输出装置，例如触摸屏、显示屏，键盘等主要用于接 收用户输入的数据以及对用户输出数据。
当终端设备开机后，处理器可以读取存储单元中的软件程序，解析并执行软件程序的指令，处理软件程序的数据。当需要通过无线发送数据时，处理器对待发送的数据进行基带处理后，输出基带信号至射频电路，射频电路将基带信号进行处理后得到射频信号并将射频信号通过天线以电磁波的形式向外发送。当有数据发送到终端时，射频电路通过天线接收到射频信号，该射频信号被进一步转换为基带信号，并将基带信号输出至处理器，处理器将基带信号转换为数据并对该数据进行处理。
为了便于说明，图23仅示出了一个存储器和处理器。在实际的终端中，可以存在多个处理器和存储器。存储器也可以称为存储介质或者存储设备等，本发明实施例对此不做限制。
作为一种可选的实现方式，处理器可以包括基带处理器和中央处理器，基带处理器主要用于对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理，中央处理器主要用于对整个终端进行控制，执行软件程序，处理软件程序的数据。图23中的处理器集成了基带处理器和中央处理器的功能，本领域技术人员可以理解，基带处理器和中央处理器也可以是各自独立的处理器，通过总线等技术互联。本领域技术人员可以理解，终端可以包括多个基带处理器以适应不同的网络制式，终端可以包括多个中央处理器以增强其处理能力，终端的各个部件可以通过各种总线连接。所述基带处理器也可以表述为基带处理电路或者基带处理芯片。所述中央处理器也可以表述为中央处理电路或者中央处理芯片。对通信协议以及通信数据进行处理的功能可以内置在处理器中，也可以以软件程序的形式存储在存储单元中，由处理器执行软件程序以实现基带处理功能。
在一个例子中，可以将具有收发功能的天线和控制电路视为终端设备2500的收发单元2501，将具有处理功能的处理器视为终端设备2500的处理单元2502。如图22所示，终端设备2500包括收发单元2501和处理单元2502。收发单元也可以称为收发器、收发机、收发装置等。可选的，可以将收发单元2501中用于实现接收功能的器件视为接收单元，将收发单元2501中用于实现发送功能的器件视为发送单元，即收发单元2501包括接收单元和发送单元。示例性的，接收单元也可以称为接收机、接收器、接收电路等，发送单元可以称为发射机、发射器或者发射电路等。可选的，上述接收单元和发送单元可以是集成在一起的一个单元，也可以是各自独立的多个单元。上述接收单元和发送单元可以在一个地理位置，也可以分散在多个地理位置。
在一个实施例中，处理单元2502用于执行上述实施例中生成单元2201执行的操作，收发单元2501用于执行上述实施例中发送单元2202执行的操作。该终端设备2500还可以用于执行上述步骤S1401～步骤S1403和步骤S1501～步骤S1503所描述的方法实施例中终端设备执行的各种方法，不再赘述。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时可以实现上述方法实施例提供的通信方法中与终端设备相关的流程。
本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该程序被处理器执行时可以实现上述方法实施例提供的通信方法中与网络设备相关的流程。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品，当其在计算机或处理器上运行时，使得计算机或处理器执行上述任一个通信方法中的一个或多个步骤。上述所涉及的设备的各组成模 块如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在所述计算机可读取存储介质中。
本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以执行包括上述方法实施例中记载的任意一种的部分或全部步骤。该芯片系统，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本申请实施例还公开一种通信系统，该系统包括终端设备和网络设备，具体描述可以参考上述通信方法。
应理解，本申请实施例中提及的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)、固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static rAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous dRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
还应理解，本申请实施例中提及的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
需要说明的是，当处理器为通用处理器、DSP、ASIC、FPGA或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件时，存储器(存储模块)集成在处理器中。
应注意，本文描述的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所提供的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置 和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、ROM、RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请实施例方法中的步骤可以根据实际需要进行顺序调整、合并和删减。
本申请实施例装置中的模块/单元可以根据实际需要进行合并、划分和删减。
以上所述，以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (48)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列wf(K/2),wf(K/2+1),…,wf(K-1)，所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
    发送所述至少一个参考信号。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述 资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述T＝2，满足：
    k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中Δ为0或者1。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任意一项所述的方法，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′相关联，满足：
    其中为整数。
  8. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列 的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
    处理所述至少一个参考信号。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  10. 根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
  11. 根据权利要求8-10任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  12. 根据权利要求8-11任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述T＝2，满足：
    k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中Δ为0或者1。
  14. 根据权利要求8-11任意一项所述的方法，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′相关联，满足：
    其中为整数。
  15. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
    其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
    发送所述至少一个参考信号。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述 资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  18. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
    其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
    处理所述至少一个参考信号。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元 (k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  21. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    生成单元，用于生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
    发送单元，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信 号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  23. 根据权利要求21所述的装置,其特征在于，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
  24. 根据权利要求21-23任意一项所述的装置，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  25. 根据权利要求21-24任意一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述T＝2，满足：
    k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中Δ为0或者1。
  27. 根据权利要求21-24任意一项所述的装置，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′相关联，满足：
    其中为整数。
  28. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)包括第一频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K/2-1)和第二频域序列所述第一频域序列和所述第二频域序列的长度均为K/2，所述第一频域序列中k′取值为0到K/2-1，所述第二频域序列中k′取值为K/2到K-1；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号，对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号，对应的第一频域序列互相正交，并且对应的第二频域序列也相互正交；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的时域序列不同；
    处理单元，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的装置，其特征在于，L＝2,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,1或者1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述时域序列为1,j或者1,-j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的装置,其特征在于，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第一频域序列互相不正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的第二频域序列也互相不正交。
  31. 根据权利要求28-30任意一项所述的装置，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  32. 根据权利要求28-31任意一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    k＝T(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中T为大于或者等于1的整数，Δ为整数；
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的装置，其特征在于，所述T＝2，满足：
    k＝2(Kn+k′)+Δ
    其中Δ为0或者1。
  34. 根据权利要求28-31任意一项所述的装置，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′相关联，满足：
    其中为整数。
  35. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    生成单元，用于生成至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
    其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相 同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
    发送单元，用于发送所述至少一个参考信号。
  36. 根据权利要求35所述的装置，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  37. 根据权利要求35或36所述的装置，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  38. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    接收单元，用于接收至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于参考信号集合，所述参考信号集合中的所有的参考信号占用的时频资源相同，所述至少一个参考信号的序列中的元素值a满足
    a＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    其中β为非零的值，wf(k′)为频域序列中的元素，k′为整数，k′取值为0到K-1，频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)长度为K，K为整数，wt(l′)为时域序列中的元素，l′为整数，l′取值为0到L-1，时域序列wt(0),wt(1),…,wt(L-1)长度为L，L为大于或者等于2的整数，r(Kn+k′)为复数，n为大于或等于0的整数；
    所述频域序列wf(0),wf(1),…,wf(K-1)满足：
    其中外层频域序列s(0),s(1),…,s(M-1)长度为M，内层频域序列t(0),t(1),…,t(Q-1)长度为Q，K＝M·Q，表示克罗尼克积，M为大于或者等于2的整数，Q为大于或者等于2的整数；
    所述参考信号集合包括至少两组参考信号，所述至少两组参考信号中的每组参考信号满足：包括多个所述参考信号，所述多个参考信号两两正交，所述多个参考信号中，至少存在两个参考信号的时域序列相同，且至少存在两个参考信号的频域序列相同，对于频域序列相同的参考信号对应的时域序列互相正交，对于时域序列相同的参考信号对应的内层频域序列互相正交，并且对应的外层频域序列相同；
    所述至少两组参考信号包括第一组参考信号和第二组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的外层频域序列互相正交，所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号和所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的内层频域序列不同；
    处理单元，用于处理所述至少一个参考信号。
  39. 根据权利要求38所述的装置，其特征在于，K＝4,所述第一组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,1,1,1或者1,-1,1,-1，所述第二组参考信号中任一参考信号对应的所述频域序列为1,j,-1,-j或者1,-j,-1,j，其中，j为虚数单位。
  40. 根据权利要求38或39所述的装置，其特征在于，所述时频资源包括多个资源单元(k，l)，所述k表示子载波的索引，所述l表示正交频分复用OFDM符号的索引，映射到所述资源单元(k，l)上的所述元素值a为ak，l，所述ak，l满足：
    ak，l＝β·wf(k′)·wt(l′)·r(Kn+k′)
    k与k′满足：
    其中Δ为0或者2或者4，表示下取整。
    l与l′满足：
    其中为整数。
  41. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行存储于存储器中的指令，当所述指令被执行时，使得
    如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求8-14任意一项所述的方法被实现。
  42. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行存储于存储器中的指令，当所述指令被执行时，使得
    如权利要求15-17任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求18-20任意一项所述的方法被实现。
  43. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或计算机指令，当所述计算机程序或计算机指令被处理器执行时，使得
    如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求8-14任意一项所述的方法被实现。
  44. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或计算机指令，当所述计算机程序或计算机指令被处理器执行时，使得
    如权利要求15-17任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求18-20任意一项所述的方法被实现。
  45. 一种计算机程序产品，包含程序指令，当所述程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法；或者
    执行如权利要求8-14任意一项所述的方法。
  46. 一种计算机程序产品，包含程序指令，当所述程序指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求15-17任意一项所述的方法；或者
    执行如权利要求18-20任意一项所述的方法。
  47. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器、存储器和接口电路，所述存储器、所述接口电路和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述至少一个存储器中存储有指令；所述指令被所述处理器执行时，使得
    如权利要求1-7任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求8-14任意一项所述的方法被实现。
  48. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括至少一个处理器、存储器和接口电路，所述存储器、所述接口电路和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述至少一个存储器中存储有指令；所述指令被所述处理器执行时，使得
    如权利要求15-17任意一项所述的方法被实现；或者
    如权利要求18-20任意一项所述的方法被实现。
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CN111713045A (zh) * 2018-02-14 2020-09-25 华为技术有限公司 传输参考信号的方法及设备
WO2021195975A1 (zh) * 2020-03-31 2021-10-07 华为技术有限公司 传输参考信号的方法和装置

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CN111713045A (zh) * 2018-02-14 2020-09-25 华为技术有限公司 传输参考信号的方法及设备
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