WO2023134512A1 - 一种传输数据的方法 - Google Patents

一种传输数据的方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023134512A1
WO2023134512A1 PCT/CN2023/070366 CN2023070366W WO2023134512A1 WO 2023134512 A1 WO2023134512 A1 WO 2023134512A1 CN 2023070366 W CN2023070366 W CN 2023070366W WO 2023134512 A1 WO2023134512 A1 WO 2023134512A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indication field
data
indication
time slot
frame
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PCT/CN2023/070366
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
孙亮
郑述乾
龚兆明
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023134512A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023134512A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0252—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel
    • H04W28/0263—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control per individual bearer or channel involving mapping traffic to individual bearers or channels, e.g. traffic flow template [TFT]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/08—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/18—Negotiating wireless communication parameters
    • H04W28/20—Negotiating bandwidth

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of optical communication, and more specifically, to a method for transmitting data.
  • optical transport network is widely deployed in trunk lines, metro cores, and metro edges, and has the natural advantages of high quality, large capacity, and wide coverage. Therefore, adding small granular pipes to the OTN network to provide finer time slot granularity and a simpler bandwidth lossless adjustment mechanism to carry high-quality connections has become a current hot direction.
  • the present application provides a data transmission method, which can provide low-latency data transmission for small-bandwidth service transmission.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting data.
  • the method may be executed by the sending device or by components of the sending device (such as a chip or a chip system, etc.), which is not limited in this application.
  • the method includes: mapping service data into a data frame, and sending the data frame.
  • the data frame includes an overhead area and a payload area
  • the overhead area is used to carry the overhead of the data frame
  • the payload area includes a first indication field
  • the first indication field is used to indicate each The object carried by the slot is data or padding.
  • the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the present application indicates the object carried by each time slot through the first indication field in the payload area, and can realize a service data channel with a small bandwidth, so that the bandwidth can be adjusted according to different scenarios. Requirements can be defined flexibly, so as to provide better pipelines for customer business.
  • the rate range of the time slot is 2-100M.
  • the payload area includes N periods
  • the first indication field includes N second indication fields.
  • the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding, including: each bit of one second indication field in the N second indication fields is used to indicate the N
  • the object carried by each time slot in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the period is data or padding.
  • the bit length of the second indication field is equal to the number of time slots included in a corresponding period among the N periods.
  • the payload area includes N periods
  • the first indication field includes N second indication fields
  • each of the second indication fields The second indication field includes initial time slot position indication information.
  • the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or filling, including: determining a first position, and the first position is the first position determined based on the initial time slot position indication information.
  • Each bit in the second indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the N cycles starting from the first position is data or padding .
  • the bit length of the second indication field is smaller than the number of time slots included in the period corresponding to the second indication field among the N periods.
  • the first indication field is further used to correct a transmission error of the second indication field
  • the first indication field further includes an error correction code
  • the The error correction code is used to correct the transmission error of the second indication field. Based on the error correction code, the embodiment of the present application can improve the reliability of data transmission.
  • an object carried by a time slot not indicated by the second indication field within the period is data.
  • the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the present application can indicate that the object carried by the time slot is data through an implicit indication, which can save transmission resources.
  • the data frame includes an optical transport network OTN frame or an optical service unit OSU frame.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for transmitting data.
  • the method may be executed by the receiving device or by components of the receiving device (such as a chip or a chip system, etc.), which is not limited in the present application.
  • the method includes: receiving a data frame, and demapping service data carried by the data frame, wherein the data frame includes an overhead area and a payload area, and the overhead area is used to carry the overhead of the data frame, the The payload area includes a first indication field, and the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding.
  • the rate range of the time slot is 2-100M.
  • the payload area includes N periods
  • the first indication field includes N second indication fields.
  • the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding, including: each bit of one second indication field in the N second indication fields is used to indicate the N
  • the object carried by each time slot in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the period is data or padding.
  • the bit length of the second indication field is equal to the number of time slots included in a corresponding period among the N periods.
  • the payload area includes N periods
  • the first indication field includes N second indication fields
  • the second indication field includes a start time Gap position indication information.
  • the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or filling, including: determining a first position, and the first position is the first position determined based on the initial time slot position indication information.
  • Each bit in the second indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the N cycles starting from the first position is data or padding .
  • the bit length of the second indication field is smaller than the number of time slots included in the period corresponding to the second indication field among the N periods.
  • the first indication field is further used to correct a transmission error of the second indication field
  • the first indication field further includes an error correction code
  • the The error correction code is used to correct the transmission error of the second indication field.
  • an object carried by a time slot not indicated by the second indication field within the period is data.
  • the data frame includes an OTN frame or an OSU frame.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a communication interface, and the communication interface is used to receive a data frame and transmit it to the processor or send the data frame to the A communication device other than the communication device, the processor is configured to execute the method in the above first aspect or any one of the possible implementations, or to execute the above second aspect or any one of the possible implementations method in .
  • a computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program (also referred to as code, or instruction) when it is run on a computer, so that the computer executes the above-mentioned first aspect or The method in any one of the possible implementations, or causing the computer to execute the method in the above second aspect or any one of the possible implementations.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or instruction
  • a computer program product includes: a computer program (also referred to as code, or an instruction), which, when the computer program is executed, causes the computer to perform the above-mentioned first aspect or any one of them. the method in one possible implementation manner, or cause the computer to execute the method in the above second aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners.
  • a computer program also referred to as code, or an instruction
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a possible application scenario of the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a possible hardware structure of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a data frame structure of an optical transport network in the prior art.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a first optical transport network data frame structure provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a second optical transport network data frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram of byte division of one row of the frame structure shown in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of frame 0 of an optical data unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of one frame of an optical data unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an optical data unit flex (3.75G) frame provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a third optical transport network data frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram of a fourth optical transport network data frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic diagram of byte division of one row of the frame structure shown in FIG. 11 .
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an optical service unit provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting data provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of an OTN device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to indicate examples, illustrations or illustrations, and the embodiments or designs described as “exemplary” or “for example” should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs.
  • the use of words such as “exemplary” or “for example” is intended to present related concepts in a specific manner for easy understanding.
  • the mathematical symbol "*" represents a multiplication sign.
  • service data refers to services that can be carried by the optical transport network.
  • it may be an Ethernet service, a packet service, a wireless backhaul service, and the like.
  • Business data can also be called business signals, customer data or customer business data.
  • the embodiments of the present application are applicable to optical networks, such as OTN.
  • An OTN is usually formed by connecting multiple devices through optical fibers, and can be composed of different topology types such as line, ring, and mesh according to specific needs.
  • the OTN 100 shown in FIG. 1 is composed of eight OTN equipment 101, that is, equipment A-H.
  • 102 indicates an optical fiber, which is used to connect two devices;
  • 103 indicates a customer service interface, which is used to receive or send customer service data.
  • OTN 100 is used to transmit service data for client equipment 1-3.
  • the customer equipment is connected to the OTN equipment through the customer service interface.
  • client devices 1-3 are connected to OTN devices A, H and F respectively.
  • an OTN device may have different functions.
  • OTN equipment is divided into optical layer equipment, electrical layer equipment, and optoelectronic hybrid equipment.
  • Optical layer equipment refers to equipment capable of processing optical layer signals, such as: optical amplifier (optical amplifier, OA), optical add-drop multiplexer (optical add-drop multiplexer, OADM).
  • the OA can also be called an optical line amplifier (OLA), which is mainly used to amplify the optical signal to support the transmission of a longer distance under the premise of ensuring the specific performance of the optical signal.
  • OVA optical line amplifier
  • the OADM is used to transform the space of the optical signal so that it can be output from different output ports (also called directions sometimes).
  • Electrical-layer devices refer to devices that can process electrical-layer signals, for example, devices that can process OTN signals.
  • Optical hybrid equipment refers to equipment capable of processing optical layer signals and electrical layer signals. It should be noted that, according to specific integration requirements, an OTN device can integrate multiple different functions. The technical solutions provided by this application are applicable to OTN devices with different forms and integration levels including electrical layer functions.
  • the data frame structure used by the OTN device in the embodiment of the present application is an OTN frame, which is used to carry various service data and provide rich management and monitoring functions.
  • the OTN frame can be an optical data unit frame (Optical Data Unit k, ODUk), ODUCn, ODUflex, or an optical channel transmission unit k (optical transport unit k, OTUk), OTUCn, or a flexible OTN (FlexO) frame, etc.
  • the difference between the ODU frame and the OTU frame is that the OTU frame includes the ODU frame and the OTU overhead.
  • the ODU frame refers to any one of ODUk, ODUCn or ODUflex
  • the OTU frame refers to any one of OTUk, OTUCn or FlexO. It should also be pointed out that with the development of OTN technology, new types of OTN frames may be defined, which are also applicable to this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible hardware structure of a network device.
  • the OTN device 200 includes a tributary board 201 , a cross-connect board 202 , a line board 203 , an optical layer processing board (not shown in the figure), and a system control and communication board 204 .
  • the type and number of boards included in the network device may be different.
  • a network device serving as a core node does not have a tributary board 201 .
  • a network device serving as an edge node has multiple tributary boards 201 , or has no optical cross-connect board 202 .
  • a network device that only supports electrical layer functions may not have an optical layer processing board.
  • the tributary board 201 , the cross-connect board 202 and the circuit board 203 are used to process electrical layer signals of the OTN.
  • the tributary board 201 is used to realize the receiving and sending of various customer services, such as SDH service, packet service, Ethernet service and fronthaul service.
  • the tributary board 201 may be divided into a client-side optical transceiver module and a signal processor.
  • the client-side optical transceiver module may also be called an optical transceiver, and is used for receiving and/or sending service data.
  • the signal processor is used to realize the mapping and de-mapping processing of business data to data frames.
  • the cross-connect board 202 is used to realize the exchange of data frames, and complete the exchange of one or more types of data frames.
  • the circuit board 203 mainly implements the processing of data frames on the line side. Specifically, the circuit board 203 can be divided into a line-side optical module and a signal processor. Wherein, the line-side optical module may be called an optical transceiver, and is used for receiving and/or sending data frames.
  • the signal processor is used to implement multiplexing and demultiplexing, or mapping and demapping processing of data frames on the line side.
  • the system control and communication board 204 is used to implement system control. Specifically, information may be collected from different boards, or control instructions may be sent to corresponding boards.
  • optical service unit (OSU) frames are used to carry small granular services in the OTN.
  • the process is based on the flexible tributary unit (TUflex) mapping method, that is, by mapping and encapsulating multiple services into multiple OSUs, different OSUs correspond to different TUflex, and then multiplexing the multiple TUflex into In the optical payload unit (OPU) frame.
  • TUflex flexible tributary unit
  • each service is periodically sent data according to the high-order defined time slot width, among which, the OSU time slot width is 192 bytes, for 10.4Mbit/s
  • the pipeline its data sending cycle is 148us.
  • the current OSU-based TDM scheduling scheme with a 192-byte time slot width has the problem of large transmission delays for small-bandwidth client signals.
  • the embodiment of the present application redefines a small-slot bit width scheme of a data frame based on the current OTN frame structure and OSU frame structure, so as to reduce the time delay for OTN equipment to transmit small-bandwidth services in TDM mode.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an OTN frame in the prior art.
  • the OTN frame structure is a single-byte structure of 4 rows*3824 columns, where the first 4 rows*16 columns are the overhead area of the OTN frame, and the remaining bytes are the payload area of the OTN frame.
  • FIG. 4 shows the first OTN frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the OTN frame structure is an OTN frame structure with a time slot width of 16 bytes.
  • the frame structure of the OTN frame is expressed as a 16-byte structure of 4 rows*239 columns.
  • the OTN frame structure is divided into 4 lines, and each line is divided into 239 16 bytes.
  • the first 4 rows*1 column are defined as the overhead area.
  • the last 4 rows*238 columns are defined as the payload area.
  • the first two columns in the 4 rows*238 columns of the payload area that is, 4*2 columns, a total of 128 bytes are defined as the first indication field.
  • the first indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding.
  • Each line of the first indication field is defined as a second indication field, and the total length of each line in the payload area excluding other bytes of the second indication field constitutes a cycle. Therefore, according to the above definition, it can be known that there are 4 second indication fields and 4 periods in the OTN frame shown in FIG. 4 . Specifically, each second indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot included in the period of the corresponding row is data or padding.
  • FIG. 5 shows the second OTN frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication field may further include an error correction code (error correction code, ECC), and the ECC is used to correct a transmission error of the second indication field.
  • ECC error correction code
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of byte division of one row of the OTN frame structure shown in FIG. 5 .
  • the first indication field of 32 bytes includes a second indication field of 236 bits and an ECC of 20 bits, wherein the length of the second indication field is the same as that of the time slot indicated by the second indication field Quantities are equal.
  • the second indication field is defined as a valid data indication (valid data indication, VDI), that is, the VDI includes 236 bits, and the number of bits of the VDI is the same as the number of time slots included in the cycle, Therefore, each bit of the VDI can be in one-to-one correspondence with the time slots included in the cycle, and can indicate at one time that the object carried by the corresponding time slot is data or padding.
  • VDI valid data indication
  • the time slot corresponding to the object carried is data.
  • the value of the first bit is 1, it indicates that the object carried by the time slot corresponding to the fourth column in the frame structure shown in FIG. 6 is stuffing.
  • the second bit of the VDI when the value of the second bit is 0, it indicates that the time slot corresponding to the second column in the payload area carries data.
  • the value of the second bit is 1, it indicates that the time slot corresponding to the second column in the payload area bears stuffing.
  • the bearer of the corresponding time slot is also indicated according to the indication method of the first bit or the second bit of the VDI in the above example.
  • Figure 7- Figure 9 respectively shows 236 time slots per row defined by ODUs corresponding to different rates number.
  • FIG. 7 corresponds to ODU0. As shown in FIG. 7, the ODU0 is divided into 118 time slots with a granularity of 10M.
  • FIG. 8 corresponds to ODU1, which is divided into 236 time slots with a granularity of 10M.
  • Figure 9 corresponds to ODU flex (3.75G), which is divided into 354 time slots with a granularity of 10M.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides the number and slot rate of 10M level time slots supported by several typical ODUs, as shown in Table 1 below.
  • ODU0 118 10.41138076 ODU1 236 10.45512605 ODU2 944 10.56583188 ODU25G 2360 11.13429726 ODU3 3776 10.6274535 ODU50G 4720 11.13901319 ODU4 9440 11.05231681
  • high-order containers of different rates and structures can be divided into time slot bandwidths of the same rate level, which can support low transmission delay.
  • FIG. 10 shows a third OTN frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the OTN frame structure is an OTN frame structure with a time slot width of 8 bytes.
  • the frame structure of the OTN is expressed as an 8-byte structure of 4 rows*478 columns.
  • the OTN frame structure is divided into 4 lines, and each line is divided into 478 octets.
  • the first 4 rows*2 columns are defined as an overhead area, that is, a data overhead area of an OTN data frame.
  • the last 4 rows*476 columns are defined as the payload area, that is, the payload area of the OTN data frame.
  • the first 4 columns of 4 rows*476 columns in the payload area that is, 4*4 columns, a total of 128 bytes are defined as the first indication field
  • the first The indication field is used to indicate that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding.
  • Each line of the first indication field is defined as a second indication field, and the total length of each line in the payload area excluding other bytes of the second indication field constitutes a period. Therefore, according to the above definition, it can be known that in the OTN frame shown in Figure 10, there are 4 second indication fields and 4 periods, specifically, each second indication field is used to indicate that the period of the corresponding row includes The object carried by each time slot is data or padding.
  • FIG. 11 shows a fourth OTN frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first indication field may also include ECC.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of byte division of one row of the OTN frame structure shown in FIG. 11 .
  • the 32-byte first indication field includes a 237-bit second indication field and 19-bit ECC.
  • the second indication field includes start time slot position indication information P, the start position indication information occupies 1 bit, and the start position indication information is used to indicate that the time slot indicated by the bit of the second finger byte starts from Which time slot in the cycle starts.
  • the first bit of the second indication field is used to indicate the first 237 slots carry objects.
  • the value of the starting time slot position indicating information P can be selected arbitrarily, so that the second indicating information can start from any time slot in a period to indicate the object carried by the time slot.
  • the embodiment of the present application defines the second indication field as VDI, that is, the VDI includes 237 bits.
  • first determine the value of the start time slot position indication information P if the value of the number of bits of the start time slot position indication information P is 0, that is, when the value of P is 0, for the first VDI bits, when the value of the first bit is 0, it indicates that the time slot corresponding to the seventh column in the frame structure shown in Figure 12 carries data.
  • the value of the first bit is 1, it indicates that the object carried by the time slot corresponding to the seventh column in the frame structure shown in FIG. 12 is stuffing.
  • the value of the number of bits representing the start slot position indication information P is 1, that is, when the value of P is 236, for the first bit of VDI, when the value of the first bit is 0, it indicates that The time slot corresponding to column 242 in the frame structure shown in 12 carries data.
  • the value of the first bit is 1, it indicates that the time slot corresponding to column 242 in the frame structure shown in FIG. 12 bears stuffing.
  • the bearer of the corresponding time slot can be indicated according to the indication method of the first bit of the VDI in the above example, and details are not repeated here for simplicity of description.
  • the bit length of the VDI is not equal to the number of time slots included in the cycle.
  • 236 bits are used to indicate the object carried by the time slot, and 1 bit is used to indicate the initial time slot position indication information P.
  • one cycle includes 472 time slots. Therefore, each of the total 472 slots can be indicated by VDI in conjunction with TDM techniques.
  • the VDI in the first time period, is used to indicate the objects carried in the first 236 time slots, and in the second time period, the VDI is used to indicate the objects carried in the first 236 time slots.
  • each time slot may be understood as a direct indication or an implicit indication.
  • the number of bits of the VDI is the same as the number of time slots included in the period, it can be understood that each bit directly indicates the object carried by the corresponding time slot.
  • the number of bits of the VDI is less than the number of time slots included in the cycle, within a certain period of time, the objects carried by the time slot corresponding to the bit length of the VDI in the cycle can be indicated by VDI, and the remaining time slots are implicitly indicated as Carrying data. That is, within this time period, the time slots not indicated by the VDI within the cycle carry data.
  • FIG. 13 shows an OSU frame structure provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the OSU frame structure is an OSU frame structure with a time slot width of 16 bytes. As shown in FIG. 13 , this structure is divided into small bit-width time slots in the 192-byte OSU frame structure. In this frame structure, the 17th byte to the 192nd byte in the payload area of the OSU are divided into small slots with a slot width of 16 bytes.
  • the data frame overhead area of the OSU is 7 bytes
  • the payload area of the data frame of the OSU includes a second overhead area
  • the second overhead area occupies 3 bytes in the payload area.
  • the overhead area includes VDI and ECC, wherein the number of bits of VDI is 11, the number of bits of ECC is 13, and the number of time slots in a cycle is 11.
  • each bit of the VDI is used to indicate that the bearer object of the corresponding time slot in the period is data or padding.
  • indication method reference may be made to the indication manner of the VDI in the OTN frame structure shown in FIG. 6 above, which will not be repeated in this application.
  • the value of OMFI can take a value from 0 to n in one transmission, and cycle according to 0 to n in different transmission cycles.
  • the bandwidth of the OSU can be calculated as (n+1)*12*slot bandwidth.
  • the division of 8-byte wide time slots can also be used.
  • the number of time slots in the cycle is 22 .
  • a 22-bit VDI can be defined to indicate the bearer of the corresponding time slot, and the process is the same as that shown in FIG. 13 .
  • an 11-bit VDI and a 1-bit initial slot location indication information are defined to jointly indicate the objects carried by the slots in the cycle. For this process, refer to the relevant description in FIG. 12 , and details will not be repeated here.
  • the OSU can carry small granular services, reducing the service transmission delay of small bandwidths.
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting data provided by the present application.
  • the transmitting end device may be an OTN device, or may be implemented by components of the OTN device (such as a chip or a chip system, etc.).
  • the receiving end device may be an OTN device, or be implemented by components of the OTN device (such as a chip or a chip system, etc.).
  • the method includes:
  • the sending end device maps service data into a data frame.
  • the sending end device maps the service data to the OTN frame divided by any of the small bit-width time slots in Figure 4- Figure 12 above, or the OSU frame divided into the small bit-width time slots in Figure 13 above.
  • the sending end device sends the data frame to the receiving end device.
  • the receiver device receives the data frame.
  • the receiving end device demaps the service data carried by the data frame.
  • the sending end device maps the service data to the data frame as follows: according to the service data bandwidth, specify the time slots of X positions in the time slot bandwidth cycle of the data frame to carry the service data , use the VDI fields corresponding to these X positions to perform rate adaptation between the time slot and the service data.
  • the time slot bandwidth period is (n+1)*12.
  • the data frame sent by the sending end device can be an OTN frame or an OSU frame.
  • the OTN frame can be any of the small bit-width time slots in the above-mentioned Figures 4-12 Divided OTN frame structure.
  • the OSU frame may be an OSU frame structure divided by small bit-width time slots as in FIG. 13 above or other variants, which is not limited in this application.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of an OTN device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • an OTN device 1500 includes a processor 1510 and a transceiver 1520 .
  • the OTN equipment can be applied to both the transmitting end equipment and the receiving end equipment.
  • the processor 1510 When applied to the sender device, the processor 1510 is used to implement the method performed by the sender device in FIG. 14 , for example, S1401 , and the transceiver 1520 is used to implement the method performed by the sender device in FIG. 14 , for example, S1402 .
  • the processor 1510 When applied to the receiving end device, the processor 1510 is used to implement the method performed by the sending end device in FIG. 14, for example S1403, and the transceiver 1520 is used to implement the method performed by the sending end device in FIG. 14, such as S1403.
  • each step of the processing flow can complete the method executed by the sending end device in FIG. 14 through an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 1510 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the processor 1501 in the embodiment of the present application may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may realize or execute Various methods, steps and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • a general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the methods disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software units in the processor.
  • the OTN device 1500 may include one or more processors 1510 .
  • the OTN device may further include a memory 1530, where program codes executed by the processor 1510 to implement the foregoing method may be stored in the memory 1530.
  • the OTN device 1500 may include one or more memories 1530 .
  • the memory 1530 may be coupled with the processor 1510 .
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 1510 may operate in cooperation with the memory 1530 .
  • the memory 1530 may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk (hard disk drive, HDD), etc., and may also be a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • Memory 1502 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium.
  • a software program is stored in the storage medium, and when the software program is read and executed by one or more processors, the method provided by any one or more embodiments above can be implemented.
  • the computer storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes such as U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip.
  • the chip includes a processor configured to implement the functions involved in any one or more of the above embodiments, such as acquiring or processing the data frames involved in the above methods.
  • the chip further includes a memory for necessary program instructions and data executed by the processor.
  • the chip may consist of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
  • computer-usable storage media including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.
  • These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions
  • the device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种传输数据的方法。该方法包括：发送端设备将业务数据映射到数据帧中，并将数据帧发送给接收端设备。其中，该数据帧包括开销区和净荷区，该开销区用于承载数据帧的开销，净荷区包括第一指示字段，该第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充。本申请提供的传输数据的方法，可以将不同速率、不同结构的高阶容器划分出相同速率的时隙带宽，能够更有效地支持小带宽的业务传输，并降低传输时延。

Description

一种传输数据的方法
本申请要求于2022年1月14日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号202210040892.2、申请名称为“一种传输数据的方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及光通信技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种传输数据的方法。
背景技术
伴随信息化和云化的发展，专线和视频业务承载需求越来越旺盛。这些客户业务的特点是带宽小、数量多，要求简单快捷的带宽灵活调整。光传送网(optical transport network，OTN)广泛部署在干线、城域核心和城域边缘，具有高品质、大容量、覆盖广的天然优势。因此，在OTN网络中增加小颗粒管道，提供更细的时隙颗粒度、更简洁的带宽无损调整机制，以承载高品质连接已成为当前的热点方向。
发明内容
本申请提供一种传输数据的方法，能够针对小带宽的业务传输，提供低时延的数据传输。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种传输数据的方法。该方法可以由发送设备或者由发送设备的部件(如芯片或芯片系统等)执行，本申请对此不作限定。该方法包括：将业务数据映射到数据帧中，并发送所述数据帧。其中，所述数据帧包括开销区和净荷区，所述开销区用于承载所述数据帧的开销，所述净荷区包括第一指示字段，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充。
基于上述方案，本申请实施例提供的传输数据的方法，通过净荷区中的第一指示字段指示每个时隙承载的对象，能够实现小带宽的业务数据通道，使得带宽能够根据不同的场景需求灵活定义，从而为客户业务提供更优质的管道。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述时隙的速率范围为2-100M。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段。其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段的每个比特用于指示所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度与所述N个周期中对应的一个周期包括的时隙数量相等。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段，所述第二指示字段中的每一个所述第二指示字段包括起始时隙位置指示信息。其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：确定第一位置，所述第一位置为基于所述起始时隙位置指示信息确定的所述N个第二指 示字段中的一个第二指示字段中的首个比特所指示的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期中的起始时隙位置。所述第二指示字段中的每个比特用于指示从所述第一位置开始的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度小于所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期包括的时隙的数量。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示字段还用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误，所述第一指示字段还包括纠错码，所述纠错码用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误。基于所述纠错码，本申请实施例能够提高数据传输的可靠性。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述周期内未被所述第二指示字段指示的时隙承载的对象为数据。基于该方案，本申请实施例提供的传输数据的方法能够通过隐含指示来指示时隙承载的对象为数据，能够节约传输资源。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，所述数据帧包括光传送网OTN帧或者光业务单元OSU帧。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种传输数据的方法。该方法可以由接收设备或者由接收设备的部件(如芯片或芯片系统等)执行，本申请对此不作限定。该方法包括：接收数据帧，将所述数据帧承载的业务数据解映射，其中，所述数据帧包括开销区和净荷区，所述开销区用于承载所述数据帧的开销，所述净荷区包括第一指示字段，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述时隙的速率范围为2-100M。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段。其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段的每个比特用于指示所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度与所述N个周期中对应的一个周期包括的时隙数量相等。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段，所述第二指示字段包括起始时隙位置指示信息。其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：确定第一位置，所述第一位置为基于所述起始时隙位置指示信息确定的所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段中的首个比特所指示的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期中的起始时隙位置。所述第二指示字段中的每个比特用于指示从所述第一位置开始的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度小于所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期包括的时隙的数量。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述第一指示字段还用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误，所述第一指示字段还包括纠错码，所述纠错码用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述周期内未被所述第二指示字段指示的时隙承载的对象为数据。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，所述数据帧包括OTN帧或者OSU帧。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信 接口用于接收数据帧并传输至所述处理器或将数据帧发送给包括所述芯片的通信装置之外的其他通信装置，所述处理器用于执行上述第一方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法，或用于执行上述第二方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第四方面，提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法，或者使得计算机执行上述第二方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
第五方面，提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序(也可以称为代码，或指令)，当该计算机程序被运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法，或者使得计算机执行上述第二方面或其中任一种可能的实现方式中的方法。
上述第二方面至第五方面带来的有益效果具体可以参考第一方面中有益效果的描述，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请实施例的一种可能的应用场景示意图。
图2示出了本申请实施例提供的一种可能的网络设备硬件结构示意图。
图3示出了现有技术中光传送网数据帧结构的示意图。
图4示出了本申请实施例提供的第一种光传送网数据帧结构示意图。
图5示出了本申请实施例提供的第二种光传送网数据帧结构示意图。
图6示出了图5所示帧结构的其中一行的字节划分示意图。
图7示出了本申请实施例提供的一种光数据单元0帧的帧结构示意图。
图8示出了本申请实施例提供的一种光数据单元1帧的帧结构示意图。
图9示出了本申请实施例提供的一种光数据单元flex(3.75G)帧的帧结构示意图。
图10示出了本申请实施例提供的第三种光传送网数据帧结构示意图。
图11示出了本申请实施例提供的第四种光传送网数据帧结构示意图。
图12示出了图11所示的帧结构的其中一行的字节划分示意图。
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的一种光业务单元帧结构示意图。
图14示出了本申请实施例提供的一种传输数据的方法的流程示意图。
图15示出了本申请实施例提供的一种OTN设备的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
为了便于理解本申请实施例，作出以下说明。
第一、在下文示出的本申请实施例中的文字说明或者附图中的术语，“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等以及各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或者先后次序，并不用来限制本申请实施例的范围。例如，区分不同的像源或者膜层等。
第二、下文示出的本申请实施例中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不 必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或单元，而是可以包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或者单元。
第三、在本申请实施例中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示例子、例证或说明，被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念，便于理解。
第四、在本申请实施例中，数学符号“*”表示乘号。
第五、在本申请实施例中，业务数据指的是光传送网络可以承载的业务。例如，可以是以太网业务、分组业务、无线回传业务等。业务数据也可以称业务信号、客户数据或客户业务数据。
本申请实施例适用于光网络，例如：OTN。一个OTN通常由多个设备通过光纤连接而成，可以根据具体需要组成如线型、环形和网状等不同的拓扑类型。如图1所示的OTN 100由8个OTN设备101组成，即设备A-H。其中，102指示光纤，用于连接两个设备；103指示客户业务接口，用于接收或发送客户业务数据。如图1所示，OTN 100用于为客户设备1-3传输业务数据。客户设备通过客户业务接口跟OTN的设备相连。例如，图1中，客户设备1-3分别和OTN设备A，H和F相连。
根据实际的需要，一个OTN设备可能具备不同的功能。一般地来说，OTN设备分为光层设备、电层设备以及光电混合设备。光层设备指的是能够处理光层信号的设备，例如：光放大器(optical amplifier，OA)、光分插复用器(optical add-drop multiplexer，OADM)。OA也可被称为光线路放大器(optical line amplifier，OLA)，主要用于对光信号进行放大，以支持在保证光信号的特定性能的前提下传输更远的距离。OADM用于对光信号进行空间的变换，从而使其可以从不同的输出端口(有时也称为方向)输出。电层设备指的是能够处理电层信号的设备，例如：能够处理OTN信号的设备。光电混合设备指的是具备处理光层信号和电层信号能力的设备。需要说明的是，根据具体的集成需要，一个OTN设备可以集合多种不同的功能。本申请提供的技术方案适用于不同形态和集成度的包含电层功能的OTN设备。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的OTN设备使用的数据帧结构是OTN帧，用于承载各种业务数据，并提供丰富的管理和监控功能。OTN帧可以是光数据单元帧(Optical Data Unit k,ODUk)、ODUCn、ODUflex，或者光通道传输单元k(optical transport unit k，OTUk)，OTUCn，或者灵活OTN(FlexO)帧等。其中，ODU帧和OTU帧区别在于，OTU帧包括ODU帧和OTU开销。k代表了不同的速率等级，例如，k＝1表示2.5Gbps，k＝4表示100Gbps；Cn表示可变速率，具体为100Gbps的正整数倍的速率。除非特殊的说明，ODU帧指的是ODUk、ODUCn或ODUflex的任意一种，OTU帧指的是OTUk、OTUCn或者FlexO的任意一种。还需要指出的是，随着OTN技术发展，可能定义出新的类型的OTN帧，也适用于本申请。
图2为一种可能的网络设备硬件结构示意图。例如，图1中的设备A。具体地，OTN设备200包括支路板201、交叉板202、线路板203、光层处理单板(图中未示出)以及系统控制和通信类单板204。根据具体的需要，网络设备包含的单板类型和数量可能不相同。例如，作为核心节点的网络设备没有支路板201。又如，作为边缘节点的网络设备有多个支路板201，或者没有光交叉板202。再如，只支持电层功能的网络设备可能没有光层处理单板。
支路板201、交叉板202和线路板203用于处理OTN的电层信号。其中，支路板201用于实现各种客户业务的接收和发送，例如SDH业务、分组业务、以太网业务和前传业务等。 更进一步地，支路板201可以划分为客户侧光收发模块和信号处理器。其中，客户侧光收发模块也可以称为光收发器，用于接收和/或发送业务数据。信号处理器用于实现对业务数据到数据帧的映射和解映射处理。交叉板202用于实现数据帧的交换，完成一种或多种类型的数据帧的交换。线路板203主要实现线路侧数据帧的处理。具体地，线路板203可以划分为线路侧光模块和信号处理器。其中，线路侧光模块可以称为光收发器，用于接收和/或发送数据帧。信号处理器用于实现对线路侧的数据帧的复用和解复用，或者映射和解映射处理。系统控制和通信类单板204用于实现系统控制。具体地，可以从不同的单板收集信息，或将控制指令发送到对应的单板上去。需要说明的是，除非特殊说明，具体的组件(例如信号处理器)可以是一个或多个，本申请不做限制。还需要说明的是，对设备包含的单板类型以及单板的功能设计和数量，本申请不做任何限制。需要说明的是，在具体的实现中，上述两个单板也可能设计为一个单板。此外，网络设备还可能包括用于备用的电源、用于散热的风扇等。
随着第5代固定网络(Fifth Generation Fixed Network，简称F5G)时代的到来，不同场景下的专线业务需求逐渐细化，例如，行业生产网、高品质用户终端等，其对于对高品质连接的需求日益增长。这些客户业务的特点是带宽小且数量多，要求简单快捷的带宽灵活调整。当前，使用光业务单元(optical service unit，OSU)帧在OTN中承载小颗粒业务。其过程为基于灵活支路单元(flexible tributary unit，TUflex)的映射方式，即通过将多路业务分别映射封装到多路OSU中，不同的OSU对应不同的TUflex，然后将多路TUflex复用到光净荷单元(optical payload unit，OPU)帧中。
在时分复用(time division multiplexing，TDM)方案中，每一路业务按照高阶定义时隙位宽进行周期性的数据发送，其中，OSU时隙位宽为192字节，对于10.4Mbit/s的管道来说，其数据发送周期为148us。
尽管通过引入OSU技术可以实现2M～100Gbps不同颗粒度业务的高效承载。但对于一些更小带宽的业务信号，例如对于10M的客户信号，当该10M的客户信号映射到10.4Mbit/s的OSU管道时，需要缓存约185字节客户信号数据之后才能进行发送，这个过程需要耗时约148us，导致客户信号传输的时间大幅增加。此外，对于OSU的10.4Mbit/s时隙带宽，当中间节点进行TDM交换时，接收输入时隙数据被转发到指定发送出口时隙的过程中，甚至会存在一个发送周期的延时为148us。
因此，当前基于OSU的192字节时隙位宽的TDM调度方案存在小带宽客户信号传输时延大的问题。为了解决上述问题，本申请实施例基于当前OTN帧结构以及OSU帧结构，重新定义了一种数据帧的小时隙位宽的方案，来降低OTN设备以TDM方式传输小带宽业务的时延。
图3示出了现有技术中OTN帧的帧结构的示意图。在图3中，OTN的帧结构为4行*3824列的单字节结构，其中，前4行*16列为OTN帧的开销区，其余的字节为OTN帧的净荷区。
基于图3所示的OTN帧，图4示出了本申请实施例提供的第一种OTN帧结构。该OTN帧结构为一种16字节时隙位宽的OTN帧结构。如图4所示，该OTN帧的帧结构表示为4行*239列的16字节结构。其中，该OTN帧结构被划分为4行，每一行划分为239个16字节。其中，前4行*1列定义为开销区。后4行*238列定义为净荷区。在图4所示的OTN帧结构的净荷区中，净荷区的4行*238列中的前两列，即4*2列，共128个字节定义为第一指示字段。该第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。第一指示字段的每 一行，定义为一个第二指示字段，净荷区的每一行除去第二指示字段的其他字节的总长度，构成一个周期。因此，根据上述定义，可以得知，在图4所示的OTN帧中，存在4个第二指示字段和4个周期。具体地，每一个第二指示字段用于指示对应行的周期中包括的每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。
可选地，图5示出了本申请实施例提供的第二种OTN帧结构。如图5所示，该第一指示字段还可以包括纠错码(error correction code，ECC)，该ECC用于纠正第二指示字段的传输错误。
接下来，结合图5所示的第二种OTN帧的结构划分，对该第二指示字段指示每个时隙承载的对象的情况，进行具体说明。
具体地，图6为图5所示的OTN帧结构的其中一行的字节划分示意图。如图6所示，32个字节的第一指示字段包括236个比特的第二指示字段和20个比特的ECC，其中，第二指示字段的长度与该第二指示字段指示的时隙的数量是相等的。在本申请实施例中，将该第二指示字段定义为有效数据指示(valid data indication，VDI)时，即该VDI包括236个比特，该VDI的比特数与周期中包括的时隙数相同，因此，该VDI的每一个比特与周期中包括的时隙能够一一对应，可以一次性指示对应的时隙承载的对象为数据或填充。
示例性地，对于VDI的第1个比特，当该第1个比特的值为0是，表明图6所示的帧结构中的第4列(或者图6所示的帧结构中的第4个16字节，或者净荷区的第1个16字节)对应的时隙承载的对象为数据。当该第1个比特的值为1是，表明图6所示的帧结构中第4列对应的时隙承载的对象为填充。对于VDI的第2个比特，当该第2个比特的值为0是，表明净荷区的第2列对应的时隙承载的对象为数据。当该第2个比特的值为1是，表明净荷区的第2列对应的时隙承载的对象为填充。同样的，对于其他比特位的VDI，同样按照上述示例的VDI的第1个比特或者第2个比特的指示方法指示相应的时隙的承载，为了说明的简便性，此处不再赘述。
基于图4或者图5的OTN帧的时隙划分，假定在ODU中划分10M级别粒度的时隙，则图7-图9分别示出了对应于不同速率的ODU定义的每行236个时隙的编号。
其中，图7对应ODU0，如图7所示，该ODU0被划分为118个10M级别粒度的时隙。图8对应ODU1，该ODU1被划分为236个10M级别粒度的时隙。图9对应ODU flex(3.75G)，该ODU flex(3.75G)被划分为354个10M级别粒度的时隙。
需要说明的是，在如图7所示的ODU0以及在如图8所示的ODU1中，由于VDI包含的比特数大于或者等于一个周期内的时隙数目，因此，在VDI指示一个OTN帧中的时隙的承载时，不会存在跨OTN帧的情况。但对于图9所示ODU flex(3.75G)来说，该ODU flex(3.75G)的带宽划分周期为354个10M级别粒度的时隙，因此，可以使用光复帧指示(optical multiple frame indication，OMFI)或时隙周期头指示等方法进行跨OTN帧的时隙周期指示，本申请对此并不限定。
此外，基于图4或者图5的OTN帧的时隙划分，本申请实施例还给出了几种典型的ODU支持的10M级别时隙的数量和时隙速率，如下表1所示。
表1
ODU级别 10M级别隙颗粒数 10M级别时隙的速率(Mbit/s)
ODU0 118 10.41138076
ODU1 236 10.45512605
ODU2 944 10.56583188
ODU25G 2360 11.13429726
ODU3 3776 10.6274535
ODU50G 4720 11.13901319
ODU4 9440 11.05231681
基于上述方案，在本申请实施例的OTN帧的小位宽小颗粒方案中，可以将不同速率、不同结构的高阶容器划分出相同速率等级的时隙带宽，能够支持传输低时延。
基于图3所示的OTN帧，图10示出了本申请实施例提供的第三种OTN帧结构。该OTN帧结构为一种8字节时隙位宽的OTN帧结构。如图10所示，该OTN的帧结构表示为4行*478列的8字节结构。其中，该OTN帧结构被划分为4行，每一行划分为478个8字节。其中，前4行*2列定义为开销区，即OTN数据帧的数据开销区。后4行*476列定义为净荷区，即OTN数据帧的净荷区。在图10所示的OTN帧结构的净荷区中，净荷区的4行*476列的前4列，即4*4列，共128个字节定义为第一指示字段，该第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。第一指示字段的每一行，定义为第二指示字段，净荷区的每一行除去第二指示字段的其他字节的总长度，构成一个周期。因此，根据上述定义，可以得知，在图10所示的OTN帧中，存在4个第二指示字段和4个周期，具体地，每一个第二指示字段用于指示对应行的周期中包括的每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充。
可选地，图11示出了本申请实施例提供的第四种OTN帧结构。如图11所示，该第一指示字段还可以包括ECC。
接下来，结合图11所示的第四种OTN帧的结构划分，对该第二指示字段指示每个时隙承载的对象的情况，进行具体说明。
具体地，图12为图11所示的OTN帧结构的其中一行的字节划分示意图。如图12所示，32个字节的第一指示字段包括237个比特的第二指示字段和19个比特的ECC。其中，该第二指示字段包括起始时隙位置指示信息P，该起始位置指示信息占用1个比特，该起始位置指示信息用于指示该第二指字节的比特指示的时隙从周期内的哪个时隙开始的。
示例性地，当表示该起始时隙位置指示信息P的比特的取值为1时，在图12所示的数据帧结构中，第二指示字段的第一个比特用于指示周期中第237个时隙承载的对象。
应理解，该起始时隙位置指示信息P的取值可以任意选定的，从而使得该第二指示信息可以从一个周期内的任意时隙开始指示时隙承载的对象。
需要说明的是，在图12所示的结构中，本申请实施例将该第二指示字段定义为VDI，即该VDI包括237个比特。
示例性地，首先确定起始时隙位置指示信息P的取值，若起始时隙位置指示信息P的比特数的取值为0，即P的取值为0时，对于VDI的第1个比特，当该第1个比特的值为0是，表明图12所示的帧结构中的第7列对应的时隙承载的对象为数据。当该第1个比特的值为1是，表明图12所示的帧结构中第7列对应的时隙承载的对象为填充。若表示起始时隙位置指示信息P的比特数的取值为1，即P的取值为236时，对于VDI的第1个比特，当该第1个比特的值为0是，表明图12所示的帧结构中的第242列对应的时隙承载的对象为数据。当该 第1个比特的值为1是，表明图12所示的帧结构中第242列对应的时隙承载的对象为填充。
同样的，对于其他比特位的VDI，可按照上述示例的VDI的第1个比特的指示方法指示相应的时隙的承载，为了说明的简便性，此处不再赘述。
需要说明的是，在图12所示的结构中，该VDI的比特长度与该周期中包括的时隙的数量是不相等的。其中，该237个比特长度的VDI中，236个比特用于指示时隙承载的对象，1个比特用于表示起始时隙位置指示信息P。而一个周期包括的时隙数为472个。因此，可以结合TDM技术通过VDI来指示该全部472个时隙的每个时隙。
示例性地，在第一时间段内，该VDI用于指示前236个时隙承载的对象，第二时间段内，该VDI用于指示前236个时隙承载的对象。
需要说明的是，在本申请实施例中，指示每个时隙可以理解为直接指示或者隐含指示。当VDI的比特数与周期中包含的时隙的数量相同时，可以理解为每个比特直接指示对应时隙承载的对象。当VDI的比特数小于周期中包含的时隙的数量时，在某一个时间段内，周期内对应于VDI中比特长度的时隙承载的对象可通过VDI指示，其余的时隙隐含指示为承载的是数据。即在该时间段内，周期内未被VDI指示的时隙承载数据。
图13示出了本申请实施例提供的一种OSU帧结构。该OSU帧结构为16字节时隙位宽的OSU帧结构。如图13所示，该结构是在192字节的OSU帧结构中进行的小位宽时隙的划分。在该帧结构中，从将OSU的净荷区中的第17个字节至第192个字节进行16字节时隙位宽的小时隙划分。
具体地，该OSU的数据帧开销区为7个字节，该OSU的数据帧的净荷区包括第二开销区，该第二开销区占净荷区中的3个字节，该第二开销区包括VDI和ECC，其中，VDI的比特数为11个，ECC的比特数为13个，周期中的时隙的数量为11个。
在如该图13所示的OSU帧结构中，VDI的每一个比特用于指示周期中对应的时隙的承载对象是数据或者填充。该指示方法可以参考上述如图6所示的OTN帧结构中VDI的指示方式，本申请在此不再赘述。
此外，针对图13所示的OSU帧结构，OMFI的取值可以在一次发送中取0～n中的某一个值，并在不同发送周期中按照0～n进行循环，当给定n和OSU帧的时隙带宽后，可以计算OSU的带宽为(n+1)*12*时隙带宽。
需要说明的是，对于192个字节的OSU帧结构，还可以采用8字节位宽时隙的划分，采用8字节位宽时隙的划分时，周期中的时隙的数量为22个。此时，可以定义22个比特的VDI来指示对应的时隙的承载，该过程与图13的指示过程相同。或者定义11个比特的VDI与1个比特的起始时隙位置指示信息来共同指示周期中的时隙承载的对象，该过程可以参考图12中的相关说明，此处不再赘述。
基于上述方案，通过对OSU帧结构的小时隙位宽的划分，使得OSU能够承载小颗粒业务，降低了小带宽的业务传输时延。
图14示出了本申请提供的一种传输数据的方法的流程示意图。如图14所示，其中，发送端设备可以是OTN设备，或者由OTN设备的部件(如芯片或芯片系统等)执行。接收端设备可以是OTN设备，或者由OTN设备的部件(如芯片或芯片系统等)执行。
具体的，该方法包括：
S1401，发送端设备将业务数据映射到数据帧中。
具体地，发送端设备将业务数据映射到如上述图4-图12中任意一种小位宽时隙划分的OTN帧，或者如上述图13中的小位宽时隙划分的OSU帧中。
S1402，发送端设备将数据帧发送给接收端设备。
S1403，接收端设备接收数据帧。
S1404，接收端设备将数据帧承载的业务数据解映射。
示例性地，若该数据帧为OSU数据帧，发送端设备将业务数据映射到数据帧的过程为：根据业务数据带宽指定数据帧时隙带宽周期中X个位置的时隙用于承载业务数据，使用这X个位置对应的VDI字段进行时隙与业务数据之间的速率适配。其中，时隙带宽周期为(n+1)*12。
应理解，该发送端设备发送的数据帧可以是OTN帧或者OSU帧，当发送的数据帧为OTN帧时，该OTN帧可以是如上述图4-图12中任意一种小位宽时隙划分的OTN帧结构。当发送的数据帧为OSU帧时，该OSU帧可以是如上述图13中的小位宽时隙划分的OSU帧结构或者其他变形，本申请对此不做限定。
图15示出了本申请实施例提供的一种OTN设备的结构示意图。如图15所示，OTN设备1500包括处理器1510和收发器1520。该OTN设备既可以应用于发送端设备，也应用于接收端设备。
在应用于发送端设备时，处理器1510用于实现图14中的发送端设备所执行的方法，例如S1401，收发器1520用于实现图14中的发送端设备所执行的方法，例如S1402。在应用于接收端设备时，处理器1510用于实现图14中的发送端设备所执行的方法，例如S1403，收发器1520用于实现图14中的发送端设备所执行的方法，例如S1403。在实现过程中，处理流程的各步骤可以通过处理器1510中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或软件形式的指令完成图14中的发送端设备所执行的方法。
本申请实施例中处理器1501可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件单元组合执行完成。
此外，该OTN设备1500包括的处理器1510可以为一个或多个。
可选地，该OTN设备还可以包括存储器1530，其中，处理器1510用于实现上述方法所执行的程序代码可以存储在存储器1530中。该OTN设备1500包括的存储器1530可以为一个或多个。
具体地，存储器1530可以与处理器1510耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。或者，处理器1510可以与存储器1530协同操作。存储器1530可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器1502是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机存储介质。该存储介质中存储软件程序，该软件程序在被一个或多个处理器读取并执行时可实现上述任意一个或多个实施例提 供的方法。所述计算机存储介质可以包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
基于以上实施例，本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片。该芯片包括处理器，用于实现上述任意一个或多个实施例所涉及的功能，例如获取或处理上述方法中所涉及的数据帧。可选地，所述芯片还包括存储器，所述存储器，用于处理器所执行必要的程序指令和数据。该芯片，可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将业务数据映射到数据帧中，所述数据帧包括开销区和净荷区，所述开销区用于承载所述数据帧的开销，所述净荷区包括第一指示字段，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充；
    发送所述数据帧。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时隙的速率范围为2-100M。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段；其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：
    所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段的每个比特用于指示所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充，其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度与所述N个周期中对应的一个周期包括的时隙数量相等。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段，所述第二指示字段中的每一个所述第二指示字段包括起始时隙位置指示信息；其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：
    确定第一位置，所述第一位置为基于所述起始时隙位置指示信息确定的所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段中的首个比特所指示的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期中的起始时隙位置；
    所述第二指示字段中的每个比特用于指示从所述第一位置开始的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充，其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度小于所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期包括的时隙的数量。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示字段还包括纠错码，所述纠错码用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据帧包括光传送网OTN帧或者光业务单元OSU帧。
  7. 一种传输数据的方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收数据帧；
    将所述数据帧承载的业务数据解映射，其中，所述数据帧包括开销区和净荷区，所述开销区用于承载所述数据帧的开销，所述净荷区包括第一指示字段，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述时隙的速率范围为2-100M。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段；其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：
    所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段的每个比特用于指示所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充，其中，所述第二指 示字段的比特长度与所述N个周期中对应的一个周期包括的时隙数量相等。
  10. 根据权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述净荷区包括N个周期，所述第一指示字段包括N个第二指示字段，所述第二指示字段包括起始时隙位置指示信息；其中，所述第一指示字段用于指示每个时隙承载的对象为数据或填充，包括：
    确定第一位置，所述第一位置为基于所述起始时隙位置指示信息确定的所述N个第二指示字段中的一个第二指示字段中的首个比特所指示的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期中的起始时隙位置；
    所述第二指示字段中的每个比特用于指示从所述第一位置开始的所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期内每个时隙承载的对象为数据或者填充，其中，所述第二指示字段的比特长度小于所述N个周期中与所述第二指示字段对应的周期包括的时隙的数量。
  11. 根据权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示字段还包括纠错码，所述纠错码用于纠正所述第二指示字段的传输错误。
  12. 根据权利要求7至11中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述数据帧包括OTN帧或者OSU帧。
  13. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于接收数据帧并传输至所述处理器或将数据帧发送给包括所述芯片的通信装置之外的其他通信装置，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，或如权利要求7至12中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2023/070366 2022-01-14 2023-01-04 一种传输数据的方法 WO2023134512A1 (zh)

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US20070076767A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-04-05 Gilberto Loprieno Method and apparatus for using stuffing bytes over a g.709 signal to carry multiple streams
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070076767A1 (en) * 2005-09-16 2007-04-05 Gilberto Loprieno Method and apparatus for using stuffing bytes over a g.709 signal to carry multiple streams
CN101267386A (zh) * 2007-03-15 2008-09-17 华为技术有限公司 传输多路独立以太网数据的方法、装置和系统
CN101841749A (zh) * 2009-03-18 2010-09-22 华为技术有限公司 数据传输方法、通信装置及通信系统
CN112511921A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2021-03-16 中兴通讯股份有限公司 光传送网中业务处理方法、处理装置和电子设备

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