WO2023133859A1 - 电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置 - Google Patents

电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023133859A1
WO2023133859A1 PCT/CN2022/072175 CN2022072175W WO2023133859A1 WO 2023133859 A1 WO2023133859 A1 WO 2023133859A1 CN 2022072175 W CN2022072175 W CN 2022072175W WO 2023133859 A1 WO2023133859 A1 WO 2023133859A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
battery cell
electrode assembly
insulating
pole piece
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/072175
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
石胜云
郭志君
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280024737.XA priority Critical patent/CN117461190A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2022/072175 priority patent/WO2023133859A1/zh
Publication of WO2023133859A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023133859A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
    • H01M50/593—Spacers; Insulating plates
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular to a battery cell and its manufacturing method, equipment, battery and electrical device.
  • power batteries (among them, power batteries with metal casings, especially square casing batteries, have a high market share) are widely used in many fields, such as new energy vehicles and electric tools, etc. .
  • the electrode assembly may be short-circuited with the battery casing due to falling active materials or other foreign matter, thereby causing corrosion inside the battery and affecting the capacity and life of the battery.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a battery cell and its manufacturing method, equipment, battery and electrical device, which can alleviate the problem that corrosion during battery use affects battery capacity and service life.
  • the present application provides a battery cell, including a housing, an electrode assembly, a first insulator, a support assembly, and a second insulator, the housing has a housing chamber; the electrode assembly is housed in the housing chamber, and the electrode assembly It includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked along the first direction; the first insulator includes a first Insulation part, the first insulation part is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly and parallel to the first direction, the first insulation part is provided with a first passage through the first insulation part; the support assembly is arranged on the first insulation part away from the electrode assembly On one side, the support assembly defines a second passage that communicates with the first passage and the accommodating chamber, at least part of the second passage is disposed opposite to the first passage; at least part of the second insulating member is disposed on a side of the support assembly away from the first insulating portion
  • the first insulating part is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly, and the first insulating part is parallel to the lamination direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly, and the connecting first pole piece defined by the support assembly A channel and the second channel of the housing cavity, at least part of the second channel is arranged opposite to the first channel, and at least part of the second insulating member covers the first channel and part of the second channel, so that when the first pole piece of the electrode assembly And/or the active material or other foreign matter on the second pole piece falls off, and after passing through the first channel and the second channel, it will not directly fall on the casing, but will fall on the second insulator, thereby reducing the electrode assembly and the casing.
  • the second insulator only covers a part of the second channel, and the electrolyte in the accommodation cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly through the second channel and the first channel, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement. It can be seen that the battery cell of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell, but also meet the infiltration requirements of the battery cell, improve the production efficiency and Excellent rate.
  • the dimension of the second channel is larger than the dimension of the first channel in a direction parallel to the first direction.
  • the second channel completely covers the first channel.
  • the support assembly includes a support member, the second channel includes a channel opened on the support member, and at least a part of the channel is opposite to the first channel.
  • the second channel further includes a first notch opened on the support member, and the first notch communicates with the through groove.
  • the size of the second channel can be increased, and at the same time, the electrolyte can enter the through groove from different directions, so as to increase the infiltration rate of the electrolyte on the electrode assembly and improve the stability of the battery cell. Production efficiency and optimization rate.
  • the support assembly includes at least two supports, and the second channel is formed between the at least two supports. In this way, it is convenient for the electrolyte to enter the first channel from different directions, and the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly is improved. At the same time, the assembly between the support assembly and the first insulating member is facilitated, and the material cost and weight of the battery cell are reduced. Improve the production efficiency and excellent rate of battery cells.
  • the support assembly includes two support members, the two support members are arranged at intervals on a side of the first insulating part away from the electrode assembly, the second channel includes a second space defined between the two support members, At least part of the second space is set opposite to the first channel.
  • the second channel further includes a second notch, the second notch is opened on at least one of the two support members, and the second notch communicates with the second space.
  • the two support members are distributed in parallel and spaced along the first direction, or the two support members are distributed in parallel and spaced along the second direction, and the second direction is coplanar with the first direction and perpendicular to each other. In this way, the degree of freedom in the assembly of the support assembly can be improved, the assembly requirements between the support assembly and the first insulator can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and thus the production efficiency of the battery cells can be improved.
  • the support assembly includes three support members, which are arranged on the side of the first insulating part away from the electrode assembly, and the three support members are distributed in pairs, and the second channel includes a space between every two adjacent support members.
  • the third spaces are defined between each third space, and at least part of each third space communicates with the first channel.
  • the second channel further includes a third notch, the third notch is opened on at least one of the three supports, and the third notch communicates with the third space.
  • the three support members are distributed in parallel and spaced in pairs along the first direction, or the three support members are distributed in parallel and spaced in pairs along the second direction, and the second direction is coplanar with the first direction and perpendicular to each other. In this way, the degree of freedom in the assembly of the support assembly can be improved, the assembly requirements between the support assembly and the first insulator can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and thus the production efficiency of the battery cells can be improved.
  • the supporting assembly includes four supporting pieces, and the four supporting pieces are distributed at intervals along the periphery of the first insulating part, the second channel includes a fourth space defined by the four supporting pieces together, and every adjacent two A fifth space jointly defined by the support members; wherein, at least part of the fourth space is disposed directly opposite to the first passage, or at least part of the fifth space is disposed directly opposite to the first passage.
  • the support assembly includes four supports, the second channel includes a fourth space defined by the four supports, and a fifth space defined by every adjacent two supports, it is convenient for the electrolyte to flow from more directions. Entering the first channel further increases the infiltration rate of the electrolyte on the electrode assembly, thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell.
  • the support is a plate-like structure.
  • the space occupied by the support assembly on the housing can be reduced, thereby increasing the capacity of the battery cell.
  • the first insulator further includes a plurality of second insulators connected to the first insulator, and the plurality of second insulators are folded along the joints with the first insulator and surround the first insulator.
  • a cylindrical structure with an open top the cylindrical structure is wrapped around the electrode assembly, and two adjacent second insulating parts are butted or overlapped outside the electrode assembly.
  • the first insulating part and the second insulating part are integrally formed. This facilitates the assembly between the first insulator and the electrode assembly and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the second insulating member includes a first part and a second part integrally formed, the first part is disposed on a side of the support assembly away from the first insulating part, and covers the first channel and part of the second channel, and the second part Covering the two adjacent second insulating parts at the external joint or overlap of the electrode assembly.
  • the second insulator include an integrally formed first part and a second part, the first part covers the first channel and part of the second channel, which can alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell during use and improve the capacity and life of the battery cell.
  • the two parts cover the joint or overlap of the two adjacent second insulating parts on the outside of the electrode assembly, so that the first insulating part can be better fixed on the outside of the electrode assembly and improve the safety of the battery cell.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, including the battery cell described in any one of the first aspect.
  • the battery of the embodiment of the present application includes the battery cell described in the first aspect, the first insulating part of the battery cell is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly, and the first insulating part is parallel to the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly.
  • the second insulator only covers a part of the second channel, and the electrolyte in the accommodation cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly through the second channel and the first channel, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device, including the battery cell described in any one of the first aspects.
  • the electric device uses the battery cell described in the first aspect as a power supply system.
  • the first insulating part of the battery cell is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly, and the first insulating part is parallel to the first insulating part of the electrode assembly.
  • the second insulator only covers a part of the second channel, and the electrolyte in the accommodation cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly through the second channel and the first channel, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • An electrode assembly is provided, the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked along a first direction;
  • first insulating part including a first insulating part, the first insulating part is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly and parallel to the first direction, and the first insulating part is provided with a first channel passing through the first insulating part;
  • a support assembly is provided, disposed on a side of the first insulating portion away from the electrode assembly, the support assembly defines a second channel, at least part of the second channel is disposed opposite to the first channel;
  • a casing is provided, and the casing has an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity accommodates an electrode assembly provided with a first insulator, a support assembly and a second insulator, and the second channel communicates with the first channel and the accommodating cavity.
  • the first insulating part of the battery cell is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly, and the first insulating part is parallel to the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly.
  • the stacking direction of the dipole pieces, the second channel defined by the support assembly that communicates with the first channel and the receiving cavity, at least part of the second channel is directly opposite to the first channel, and at least part of the second insulating member covers the first channel and part of the second channel.
  • the second passage so that when the active material or other foreign matter on the first pole piece and/or the second pole piece of the electrode assembly falls off, it will not directly fall on the casing after passing through the first passage and the second passage, but It falls on the second insulator, thereby reducing the probability of short circuit between the electrode assembly and the casing, alleviating the corrosion of the battery cell during use, and improving the capacity and life of the battery cell.
  • the second insulator only covers a part of the second channel, and the electrolyte in the accommodation cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly through the second channel and the first channel, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • the battery cell produced by the battery cell manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell, but also meet the requirements of the battery cell. Infiltration demand, improve the production efficiency and excellent rate of battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, including:
  • the first providing device is used to provide an electrode assembly.
  • the electrode assembly includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece are arranged along the First direction cascading setting;
  • the second providing device is used for providing the first insulating part, the first insulating part includes a first insulating part, and the first insulating part is provided with a first channel penetrating through the first insulating part;
  • the third providing device is used for providing the support assembly
  • the fifth providing device is used for providing a casing, and the casing has an accommodation cavity;
  • the first assembly device is used to arrange the first insulating part on one side of the electrode assembly parallel to the first direction, arrange the support assembly on the side of the first insulation part away from the electrode assembly, and the support assembly defines a second channel , at least part of the second channel is arranged opposite to the first channel; at least part of the second insulating member is arranged on the side of the support assembly away from the first insulating part, and covers the first channel and part of the second channel;
  • the second assembling device is used for storing the electrode assembly provided with the first insulator, the support assembly and the second insulator in the accommodation chamber, and the second channel communicates with the first channel and the accommodation chamber.
  • the first insulating part of the battery cell is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly, and the first insulating part is parallel to the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly.
  • the second insulator only covers a part of the second channel, and the electrolyte in the accommodation cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly through the second channel and the first channel, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a vehicle in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a support member disposed on the first insulating part in some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a support member disposed on the first insulating part according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application (two support members are distributed along the first direction X at intervals);
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic bottom view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (two support members are distributed along the first direction X at intervals);
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of two support members disposed on the first insulating part according to some embodiments of the present application (the two support members are distributed along the first direction X at intervals);
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (two support members are distributed along the second direction Y at intervals);
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic bottom view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (two support members are spaced along the second direction Y);
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of two support members disposed on the first insulating part according to some embodiments of the present application (the two support members are distributed along the second direction Y at intervals);
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes three supports);
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic bottom view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes three supports);
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of three support members disposed on the first insulating part according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of three support members disposed on the first insulating part according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes four supports);
  • Fig. 19 is a schematic bottom view of a battery cell in some embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes four supports);
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of four support members disposed on the first insulating part according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a battery cell according to other embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes four supports);
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic bottom view of battery cells in other embodiments of the present application (the support assembly includes four supports);
  • Fig. 23 is a schematic structural view of four support members disposed on the first insulating part according to other embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 24 is a block flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 25 is a block flow diagram of a battery cell manufacturing facility according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Box body 111 upper cover 1111, box shell 1112;
  • first notch 1412 Through groove 1411, first notch 1412, second notch 1413, third notch 1414;
  • the first direction is X
  • the second direction is Y.
  • first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections should not be referred to as These terms are limited. These terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Terms such as “first,” “second,” and other numerical terms when used herein do not imply a sequence or order unless clearly indicated by the context. Thus, a first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teachings of the example embodiments.
  • spatial relative terms may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature as shown in the figures with respect to another element or feature, such as “inner”, “outer”, “inner”. “, “Outside”, “Below”, “Below”, “Above”, “Above”, etc.
  • Such spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as “below” or “beneath” other elements or features would then be oriented “above” or “beneath” the other elements or features. feature above”. Thus, the example term “below” can encompass both an orientation of above and below.
  • the device may be otherwise oriented, eg, rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations, and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
  • Power batteries are not only used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power plants, but also widely used in electric vehicles such as electric bicycles, electric motorcycles, electric vehicles, as well as military equipment and aerospace and other fields . With the continuous expansion of power battery application fields, its market demand is also constantly expanding.
  • a power battery includes a casing, an electrode assembly, an adapter piece and a top cover.
  • Power batteries can be mainly divided into two types according to their shells: square or cylindrical lithium-ion batteries with metal shells, and soft-pack batteries with aluminum-plastic composite film shells.
  • Power batteries with metal casings (especially square casings) have a relatively high market share.
  • the common method is to place an insulating film between the electrode assembly and the casing; the casing of the power battery is usually in the shape of a container with one end open.
  • the inner surface of the connection between the bottom and the side wall forms a certain R angle.
  • a bottom support plate is provided between the bottom of the electrode assembly wrapped with an insulating film and the casing to lift the electrode assembly away from the casing.
  • the insulating film in the above-mentioned power battery is generally used in conjunction with the bottom supporting plate, and corresponding through holes are opened on the insulating film and the bottom supporting plate to solve the problems of assembly positioning and electrolyte infiltration.
  • this will introduce another problem.
  • One risk the falling off of the active material on the pole piece of the electrode assembly or other foreign matter can easily penetrate the through hole on the separator and the bottom plate, resulting in a short circuit between the electrode assembly and the shell, and on the one hand, an internal electrolytic cell is formed to corrode metal parts such as the aluminum shell , On the other hand, reduce the battery capacity and shorten the life of the battery.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an electrode assembly, a first insulator, a support assembly and a second insulator.
  • the electrode assembly is accommodated in the accommodation chamber of the casing, the first insulating part is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly and is parallel to the first direction, the first direction is the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly, and the second
  • An insulator is provided with a first channel passing through the first insulator; a support assembly is disposed on a side of the first insulator away from the electrode assembly, and the support assembly defines a second channel communicating with the first channel and the accommodating chamber, at least A part of the second passage is arranged opposite to the first passage; at least a part of the second insulating member is arranged on a side of the support assembly away from the first insulating part, and covers the first passage and part of the second passage.
  • the first pole piece defined by the support assembly
  • the two passages communicate with the first passage and the receiving chamber, at least part of the second passage is arranged opposite to the first passage, and at least part of the second insulator covers the first passage and part of the second passage, so that when the first pole piece and/or the second The active material or other foreign matter on the diode sheet falls off, and after passing through the first channel and the second channel, it will not directly fall on the casing, but will fall on the second insulating member, thereby reducing the occurrence of the electrode assembly and the casing. Reduce the chance of short circuit, alleviate the corrosion of battery cells during use, and improve the capacity and life of battery cells.
  • the battery cells disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be used in batteries and electrical devices, and the batteries and electrical devices have relatively high capacity and service life.
  • the batteries of the embodiments of the present application can be used, but not limited to, in electric devices such as vehicles, ships, or aircrafts.
  • Electric devices can be but not limited to mobile phones, tablets, laptops, electric toys, electric tools, battery cars, electric cars, ships, spacecraft, etc.
  • electric toys may include fixed or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys, electric airplane toys, etc.
  • spacecraft may include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles, spaceships, etc.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 10 according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • the vehicle 10 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle, etc.
  • a battery 11 , a controller 12 and a motor 13 may be arranged inside the vehicle 10 , and the controller 12 is used to control the battery 11 to supply power to the motor 13 .
  • the battery 11 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 10 .
  • the battery 11 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 10 , for example, the battery 11 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 10 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 10 , for example, for starting, navigating, and operating power requirements of the vehicle 10 .
  • the battery 11 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 10 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 10 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 10 .
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the battery 11 provided by some embodiments of the present application.
  • the battery 11 mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells 100 to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery 11 mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack.
  • the battery 11 generally includes a case 111 for enclosing one or more battery cells 100 .
  • the box body 111 can prevent liquid or other foreign matter from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cell 100 .
  • the box body 111 may include an upper cover 1111 and a box shell 1112, and the upper cover 1111 and the box shell 1112 are fastened together.
  • the shapes of the upper cover 1111 and the box case 1112 may be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 100 .
  • the battery 11 there may be multiple battery cells 100 , and the multiple battery cells 100 may be connected in series, parallel or mixed.
  • a plurality of battery cells 100 can be directly connected in series, in parallel or mixed together, and then the whole of the plurality of battery cells 100 is housed in the box 111; of course, the battery 11 can also be a plurality of battery cells 100
  • the battery modules are firstly connected in series, parallel or mixed, and then multiple battery modules are connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a whole, and accommodated in the box 111 .
  • the battery 11 may also include other structures, for example, the battery 11 may also include a current flow component for realizing electrical connection between multiple battery cells 100 .
  • the battery cell 100 may include a lithium-ion secondary battery, a lithium-ion primary battery, a lithium-sulfur battery, a sodium-lithium ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 100 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells 100 are generally divided into three types according to the packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a battery cell 100 , including a casing 110 , an electrode assembly 120 , a first insulator 130 , a support assembly 140 and a second insulator 150
  • the housing 110 has a housing chamber
  • the electrode assembly 120 is accommodated in the housing chamber
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, the first pole piece
  • the sheet and the second pole piece are stacked along the first direction
  • the first insulating part 130 includes a first insulating part 131, and the first insulating part 131 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120 and is parallel to the first direction, and the first insulating part 131
  • the support assembly 140 is arranged on the side of the first insulating part 131 away from the electrode assembly 120, and the support assembly 140 defines a second channel communicating
  • the casing 110 refers to a component for matching the end cap to form the internal environment of the battery cell 100 , wherein the formed internal environment can be used to accommodate the electrode assembly 120 , electrolyte and other components.
  • the housing 110 and the end cover can be independent components, and an opening can be provided on the housing 110 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 100 can be formed by making the end cover cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover and the housing 110 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover and the housing 110 can form a common connection surface before other components are inserted into the housing. When the inside of the housing 110 needs to be encapsulated, Then make the end cover cover the housing 110 .
  • the housing 110 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism and so on. Specifically, the shape of the casing 110 may be determined according to the specific shape and size of the electrode assembly 120 .
  • the housing 110 can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the electrode assembly 120 refers to a component in the battery cell 100 where an electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the electrode assembly 120 can be a wound electrode assembly.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked and then wound to form a flat structure.
  • the electrode assembly 120 includes a flat area and corner areas located at both ends of the flat area.
  • the sheet and the second pole piece are stacked along the first direction" refers to the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece located in the flat area; the electrode assembly 120 can also be a stacked electrode assembly, consisting of multiple sheets
  • the first pole piece and at least one second pole piece are stacked and formed.
  • the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked along the first direction refers to the stacking direction of multiple first pole pieces.
  • the first direction is the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the first pole piece refers to the positive pole piece
  • the second pole piece refers to the negative pole piece.
  • the first pole piece can also refer to the negative pole piece
  • the second pole piece can refer to the positive pole piece.
  • the part of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitutes the main body of the electrode assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute tabs.
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • the first insulating member 130 refers to an insulating structure for separating the electrode assembly 120 from the casing 110 , and may be a sheet-like structure.
  • the first insulating part 131 refers to an insulating structure arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120 and parallel to the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 120, so as to separate the electrode assembly 120 from the casing 110 and reduce the The probability of a short circuit between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 .
  • the first insulating part 131 may be a part of the first insulating member 130 and may be a sheet structure.
  • the first channel 130a refers to an opening or a through hole on the first insulating part 131 to facilitate the electrolyte to infiltrate the electrode assembly 120, and the number of openings or through holes can be set as required.
  • the support assembly 140 refers to a component for avoiding interference between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 during the assembly process, and it may be an integral structure or a separate structure. It can be a block structure or a plate structure, preferably a plate structure.
  • the second channel 140a refers to the through structure used to communicate with the first channel 130a of the first insulating part 131 and the receiving chamber.
  • the second channel 140a can be a groove structure that runs through the support component 140 itself, for example
  • the support component 140 is a whole plate-like structure, and the second channel 140a can be a groove body that runs through the thickness of the plate-like structure.
  • the second channel 140a can be a space structure defined by the support component 140,
  • the support assembly 140 is composed of a plurality of plate-shaped structures distributed at intervals, and the space defined between the plurality of plate-shaped structures is the second channel 140a.
  • the second insulating member 150 refers to an insulating structure at least partially disposed on the side of the support assembly 140 away from the first insulating part 131, and this part of the insulating structure covers the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, so that the electrode assembly
  • the interior of 120 is non-directly communicated with the accommodating cavity of the casing, that is, the falling active material or other foreign matter will not directly fall on the casing 110 through the first channel 130a and the second channel 140a, but will fall on the first channel 130a and the second channel 140a.
  • At least part of the second insulator 150 thereby reducing the probability of a short circuit between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110, alleviating the corrosion of the battery cell during use, and improving the capacity and life of the battery cell.
  • the electrolyte can still pass through the second channel. 140a.
  • the first channel 130a infiltrates the electrode assembly 120 to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • the second insulating member 150 can be a sheet-like structure with glue on one side, such as insulating tape, so as to facilitate fixing the second insulating member 150 on the side of the support assembly 140 away from the first insulating portion 131 .
  • the support assembly 140 defines a second channel 140a communicating with the first channel 130a and the receiving cavity, where the "accommodating cavity" can be understood as a part of the housing between the first insulator 130 or the second insulator 150 and the housing 110 cavity.
  • the first insulating part 131 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating part 131 is parallel to the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 130, and the support assembly 140
  • the defined second channel 140a that communicates with the first channel 130a and the receiving cavity, at least part of the second channel 140a is disposed opposite to the first channel 130a, and at least part of the second insulating member 152 covers the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, so that when the active material or other foreign matter on the first pole piece and/or the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 130 falls off, it will not directly fall on the casing 110 after passing through the first passage 130a and the second passage 140a, Instead, it falls on the second insulator 150 , thereby reducing the probability of a short circuit between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 , alleviating corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, and improving the capacity and life of the battery cell 100 .
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement. It can be seen that the battery cell 100 of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell 100, but also meet the infiltration requirements of the battery cell and improve the battery cell's durability. Production efficiency and optimization rate.
  • the size of the second channel 140a is larger than that of the first channel 130a.
  • the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly 120 can be increased, and the production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 can be improved.
  • the second channel 140a completely covers the first channel 130a.
  • the second channel 140a By making the size of the second channel 140a larger than the size of the first channel 130a in a direction parallel to the first direction, the second channel 140a completely covers the first channel 130a, which can further increase the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly 120, The production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 are further improved.
  • a channel 130a is set oppositely.
  • the support member 141 refers to a structural member disposed on a side of the first insulating portion 131 away from the electrode assembly 120 to avoid interference between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 during assembly. It can be a block structure or a plate structure, and it is preferably a plate structure from the perspective of space utilization.
  • the through groove 1411 refers to a groove structure opened on the support member 141 and passing through the support member 141 .
  • the support member 141 is a plate structure
  • the through groove 1411 is a groove structure opened on the plate structure and penetrating along the thickness direction of the plate structure.
  • the support assembly 140 include a support piece 141 , the assembly of the support assembly 140 and the first insulator 130 can be facilitated, and the through groove 1411 is opened on the support piece 141 , which is simple to process and can save material cost.
  • the second channel 140 a further includes a first notch 1412 opened on the support member 141 , and the first notch 1412 communicates with the through groove 1411 .
  • the first notch 1412 can be understood as a gap structure passing through the support member 141 and connecting the outer edge of the support member 141 with the groove wall of the through groove 1411 .
  • the size of the second channel 140a can be increased, and at the same time, the electrolyte can enter the through groove 1411 from different directions, so as to increase the infiltration rate of the electrolyte on the electrode assembly 120 , improving the production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 .
  • the support assembly 140 includes at least two support members 141 , and the second channel 140 a is formed between the at least two support members 141 .
  • the support assembly 140 includes two support members 141 , and the two support members 141 are arranged at intervals on the side of the first insulating portion 131 away from the electrode assembly 120 ,
  • the second channel 140a includes a second space 140a-1 defined between the two support members 141, at least part of the second space 140a-1 is disposed opposite to the first channel 130a.
  • the second space 140 a - 1 refers to a space between two supporting members 141 and between two edges that are oppositely distributed.
  • the support assembly 140 include two support members 141, the second space 140a-1 defined between the two support members 141 is the first channel 140a, on the one hand, the processing and assembly are simple, on the other hand, it is convenient for the electrolyte to flow from multiple The direction enters the first channel 130a to increase the wetting rate of the electrolyte on the electrode assembly 120 .
  • the second channel 140a further includes a second notch 1413, and the second notch 1413 is opened on at least one of the two supports 141, and the second The gap 1413 communicates with the second space 140a-1.
  • the second notch 1413 can be understood as a notch structure extending through the support member 141 and opening on one side of the outer edge of the support member 141 .
  • the size of the second channel 140a formed between the two support members 141 can be increased to increase the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly 120, and further Improve the production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 .
  • two support members 141 are distributed in parallel and spaced along the first direction, or, two support members 141 are distributed in parallel and spaced along the second direction, and the second direction and The first directions are coplanar and perpendicular to each other.
  • the freedom of assembly of the support assembly 140 can be improved, the assembly requirements between the support assembly 140 and the first insulator 130 can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and the production efficiency of the battery cell 100 can be improved.
  • the support assembly 140 includes three support members 141 disposed on the side of the first insulating portion 131 away from the electrode assembly 120 , and the three support members 141 Distributed in pairs, the second channel 140a includes a third space 140a-2 defined between every two adjacent supports 141, and at least part of each third space 140a-2 communicates with the first channel 130a.
  • the third space 140 a - 2 refers to the space between two adjacent edges of the support members 141 and oppositely distributed.
  • the support assembly 140 include three support members 141, and the second channel 140a includes a third space 140a-2 defined between every two adjacent support members 141, it is convenient for the electrolyte to enter the first channel 130a from multiple directions. , increasing the infiltration rate of the electrolyte solution on the electrode assembly 120 , thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell 100 .
  • the second channel 140a further includes a third notch 1414, and the third notch 1414 is opened on at least one of the three support members 141, and the third notch 1414 and The third space 140a-2 is connected.
  • the third notch 1414 can be understood as a notch structure passing through the support member 141 and opening on one side of the outer edge of the support member 141 .
  • the size of the second channel 140a formed between the three support members 141 can be increased, and the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly 120 can be increased, thereby Improve the production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 .
  • the three supports 141 are distributed in parallel and spaced in pairs along the first direction, or the three supports 141 are distributed in parallel and spaced in pairs along the second direction, and the second direction is coplanar with the first direction and perpendicular to each other.
  • the freedom of assembly of the support assembly 140 can be improved, the assembly requirements between the support assembly 140 and the first insulator 130 can be reduced, the assembly efficiency can be improved, and the production efficiency of the battery cell 100 can be improved.
  • the support assembly 140 includes four support members 141, and the four support members 141 are distributed at intervals along the periphery of the first insulating portion 131, and the second channel 140a includes four A fourth space 140a-3 defined jointly by two supports 141, and a fifth space 140a-4 defined jointly by every two adjacent supports 141;
  • At least a part of the fourth space 140a-3 is arranged opposite to the first passage 130a, or at least a part of the fifth space 140a-4 is arranged opposite to the first passage 130a.
  • the fourth space 140 a - 3 can be understood as a space enclosed by the edges of the four support members 141 facing each other.
  • the fifth space 140 a - 4 can be understood as a space between two adjacent edges of the support members 141 and oppositely distributed.
  • the second channel 140a includes a fourth space 140a-3 defined jointly by the four supporting pieces 141, and a fifth space 140a defined jointly by every two adjacent supporting pieces 141. -4, it is convenient for the electrolyte to enter the first channel 130 a from more directions, further increasing the rate of electrolyte infiltration to the electrode assembly 120 , thereby improving the production efficiency of the battery cell 100 .
  • the support member 141 is a plate-shaped structure, which can reduce the space occupied by the support assembly 140 on the housing 100 , thereby increasing the capacity of the battery cell 100 .
  • the first insulator 130 further includes a plurality of second insulators 132 connected to the first insulator 131, and the plurality of second insulators 132 are connected to the first insulator along the part 131 is folded at the junction, and forms a cylindrical structure with an open top with the first insulating part 131.
  • the cylindrical structure is wrapped around the electrode assembly 120, and the two adjacent second insulating parts 132 are butted on the outside of the electrode assembly 120 or overlapping.
  • the second insulating part 132 refers to an insulating structure that is connected with the first insulating part 131 and can form a cylindrical structure with an open top with the first insulating part 131, so that the other parts on the electrode assembly 120 except the pole Wrapped by an insulating structure, the probability of contact between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 is greatly reduced, and the safety of the battery cell 100 is improved.
  • the second insulating part 132 and the first insulating part 131 can be provided separately or integrally, and the second insulating part 132 can be a sheet structure.
  • the possibility of contacting the electrode assembly 120 with the casing 110 can be greatly reduced, and the safety of the battery cell 100 can be improved.
  • the first insulating part 131 and the second insulating part 132 are integrally formed. This facilitates the assembly between the first insulating member 130 and the electrode assembly 120 and improves assembly efficiency.
  • the second insulator 150 includes a first part 151 and a second part 152 integrally formed, and the first part 151 is disposed on the side of the support assembly 140 away from the first insulator 131 , and cover the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, and the second part 152 covers the outer abutment or overlap of two adjacent second insulating parts 132 on the electrode assembly 120 .
  • the number of the first insulating member 150 may be one or more.
  • the first part 151 may be an insulating structure for covering the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a,
  • the second part 152 can be an insulation structure used to cover the outer abutment or overlap of two adjacent second insulating parts 132 on the electrode assembly 120, so that the first insulating part 130 can be better fixed on the electrode assembly 120 outside, improving the safety of the battery cell 100 .
  • the second insulator 150 include a first part 151 and a second part 152 integrally formed, and the first part 151 covers the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use can be alleviated, and the battery cell can be improved.
  • the capacity and life of the body 100, the second part 152 covers the two adjacent second insulating parts 132 at the outer joint or overlap of the electrode assembly 120, so that the first insulating part 130 is better fixed on the electrode assembly 120 Externally, the safety of the battery cell 100 is improved.
  • the casing 110 has a housing cavity; the electrode assembly 120 is accommodated in the housing cavity, and the electrode assembly 120 includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece , the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked along the first direction; the first insulating member 130 includes a first insulating part 131, and the first insulating part 131 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120 and is parallel to the first direction.
  • An insulating part 131 is provided with a first passage 130a passing through the first insulating part 131; a support assembly 140 is disposed on a side of the first insulating part 131 away from the electrode assembly 120, and the support assembly 140 defines a connection between the first passage 130a and the containing cavity At least part of the second channel 140a is arranged opposite to the first channel 130a; at least part of the second insulating member 150 is arranged on the side of the support assembly 140 away from the first insulating part 131, and covers the first The channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, in a direction parallel to the first direction, the size of the second channel 140a is larger than the size of the first channel 130a, and the second channel 140a completely covers the first channel 130a.
  • the first insulating part 131 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating part 131 is parallel to the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 130
  • the support assembly 140 defines the second channel 140a communicating with the first channel 130a and the receiving chamber, at least part of the second channel 140a is arranged opposite to the first channel 130a, and at least part of the second insulating member 152 covers the first channel 130a and the first channel 130a.
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating cavity can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a to ensure the wetting requirement.
  • the size of the second channel 140a is larger than the size of the first channel 130a, and the second channel 140a completely covers the first channel 130a, which can further increase the infiltration rate of the electrolyte to the electrode assembly 120, and further improve the battery cell 100. production efficiency and optimization rate.
  • the embodiment of the second aspect of the present application proposes a battery 11 including the battery cell 100 according to the first aspect.
  • the battery 11 in the embodiment of the present application includes a battery cell 100, the first insulating portion 131 of the battery cell 100 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating portion 131 is parallel to the first pole piece and the first pole piece of the electrode assembly 130.
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • the battery cell 100 of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell 100, but also meet the infiltration requirements of the battery cell and improve the battery cell's durability.
  • the production efficiency and high-quality ratio can be improved, and the capacity and service time of the battery 11 can be improved, and the production efficiency and high-quality ratio of the battery 11 can be improved.
  • the embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes an electric device 10 including the battery cell 100 according to the first aspect.
  • the electric device 10 of the embodiment of the present application uses the battery cell 100 described in the first aspect as a power supply system, the first insulating part 131 of the battery cell 100 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating part 131 is parallel to In the stacking direction of the first pole piece and the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 130, the support component 140 defines the second passage 140a that communicates with the first passage 130a and the housing cavity, and at least part of the second passage 140a is in the same direction as the first passage 130a.
  • the second insulating member 152 covers the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a, so that when the active material or other foreign matter on the first pole piece and/or the second pole piece of the electrode assembly 130 falls off, the wear After passing through the first channel 130a and the second channel 140a, it will not fall directly on the casing 110, but on the second insulator 150, thereby reducing the probability of a short circuit between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110 and reducing the battery life.
  • the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use increases the capacity and lifespan of the battery cell 100 .
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement.
  • the battery cell 100 of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell 100, but also meet the infiltration requirements of the battery cell and improve the battery cell's durability. Production efficiency and optimization rate, which in turn can increase the capacity and service time of electrical devices, and improve the production efficiency and optimization rate of battery cells.
  • the embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present application proposes a method for manufacturing a battery cell, including:
  • An electrode assembly 120 is provided, and the electrode assembly 120 includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, and the first pole piece and the second pole piece are stacked along a first direction ;
  • a first insulating member 130 is provided, including a first insulating portion 131.
  • the first insulating portion 131 is disposed on one side of the electrode assembly 120 and parallel to the first direction.
  • the first insulating portion 131 is provided with a first channel 130a;
  • a support assembly 140 is provided, disposed on a side of the first insulating portion 131 away from the electrode assembly 120, the support assembly 140 defines a second channel 140a, at least part of the second channel 140a is disposed opposite to the first channel 130a;
  • a casing 110 is provided, and the casing 110 has a housing cavity, which accommodates the electrode assembly 120 provided with the first insulator 130 , the support assembly 140 and the second insulator 150 , and the second channel 140 a communicates with the first channel 130 a and the housing cavity.
  • the first insulating part 131 of the battery cell 100 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating part 131 is parallel to the electrode assembly 130.
  • Corrosion in the battery increases the capacity and life of the battery cell 100.
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement. It can be seen that the battery cell 100 produced by the battery cell manufacturing method of the embodiment of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell 100, but also meet the battery requirements. The need for infiltration of the monomer improves the production efficiency and yield of the battery monomer 100 .
  • the embodiment of the fifth aspect of the present application proposes a battery cell manufacturing equipment, including:
  • the first providing device is used to provide the electrode assembly 120, the electrode assembly 120 includes a first pole piece, a second pole piece, and a diaphragm arranged between the first pole piece and the second pole piece, the first pole piece and the second pole piece
  • the sheets are stacked along the first direction;
  • the second providing device is used to provide the first insulating part 130, the first insulating part 130 includes a first insulating part 131, and the first insulating part 131 is provided with a first channel 130a penetrating through the first insulating part 131;
  • the third providing device is used for providing the support assembly 140;
  • the fifth providing device is used to provide the housing 110, the housing 110 has a receiving chamber;
  • the first assembly device is used to arrange the first insulating part 131 on one side of the electrode assembly 120 parallel to the first direction, and arrange the support assembly 140 on the side of the first insulating part 131 away from the electrode assembly 120, and support the assembly 140 defines a second channel (140a, at least part of the second channel 140a is arranged opposite to the first channel 130a; at least part of the second insulating member 150 is arranged on the side of the support assembly 140 away from the first insulating part 131, and covers the first channel 130a and part of the second channel 140a;
  • the second assembling device is used for storing the electrode assembly 120 provided with the first insulator 130 , the support assembly 140 and the second insulator 150 in the accommodation chamber, and the second channel 140 a communicates with the first channel 130 a and the accommodation chamber.
  • the first insulating part 131 of the battery cell 100 is arranged on one side of the electrode assembly 120, and the first insulating part 131 is parallel to the first insulating part 130 of the electrode assembly 130.
  • the second channel 140a does not fall directly on the casing 110, but falls on the second insulator 150, thereby reducing the probability of a short circuit between the electrode assembly 120 and the casing 110, and easing the battery cell 100 during use.
  • the second insulator 152 only covers a part of the second channel 140a, and the electrolyte in the accommodating chamber can still infiltrate the electrode assembly 120 through the second channel 140a and the first channel 130a, so as to ensure the infiltration requirement. It can be seen that the battery cells manufactured by the battery cell manufacturing equipment of the embodiment of the present application can not only alleviate the corrosion of the battery cell 100 during use, improve the capacity and life of the battery cell 100, but also meet the requirements of the battery cell. The infiltration requirements of the battery cell 100 are improved, and the production efficiency and yield of the battery cell 100 are improved.

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Abstract

一种电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置。电池单体包括壳体（110）、电极组件（120）、第一绝缘件（130）、支撑组件（140）和第二绝缘件（150），壳体（110）具有容纳腔；电极组件（120）收容于容纳腔内，电极组件（120）包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；第一绝缘件（130）包括第一绝缘部（131），第一绝缘部（131）设置于电极组件（120）的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部（131）设有贯穿第一绝缘部（131）的第一通道（130a）；支撑组件（140）设置在第一绝缘部（131）的远离电极组件（120）的一侧，支撑组件（140）限定出连通第一通道（130a）和容纳腔的第二通道（140a），至少部分第二通道（140a）与第一通道（130a）正对设置；第二绝缘件（150）的至少部分设置于支撑组件（140）远离第一绝缘部（131）的一侧，且覆盖第一通道（130a）和部分第二通道（140a）。

Description

电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置。
背景技术
本部分提供的仅仅是与本公开相关的背景信息，其并不必然是现有技术。
在电池技术不断更新以及市场推动下，动力电池(其中金属外壳的动力电池，尤其是方形外壳电池，在市场上的占有率较高)在很多领域得到广泛使用，例如新能源汽车和电动工具等。
相关技术中的一些电池在使用过程中，电极组件会因脱落的活性物质或其他异物而与电池壳体发生短路，从而造成电池内部的腐蚀，影响电池的容量和寿命。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置，能够缓解电池使用过程中的腐蚀影响电池容量和寿命的问题。
第一方面，本申请提供了一种电池单体，包括壳体、电极组件、第一绝缘件、支撑组件和第二绝缘件，壳体具有容纳腔；电极组件收容于容纳腔内，电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；第一绝缘件包括第一绝缘部，第一绝缘部设置于电极组件的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部设有贯穿第一绝缘部的第一通道；支撑组件设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，支撑组件限定出连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置；第二绝缘件的至少部分设置于支撑组件远离第一绝缘部的一侧，且覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道。
在本申请的技术方案中，第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，这样，当电极组件的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件仅覆盖部分第二通道，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道、第一通道浸润电极组件，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道的尺寸大于第一通道的尺寸。通过使在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道的尺寸大于第一通道的尺寸，可提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，第二通道完全覆盖第一通道。通过使在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道的尺 寸大于第一通道的尺寸，第二通道完全覆盖第一通道，可进一步提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，进一步提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，支撑组件包括一个支撑件，第二通道包括开设在支撑件上的通槽，通槽的至少部分与第一通道正对设置。通过使支撑组件包括一个支撑件，可方便支撑组件与第一绝缘件的装配，在一个支撑件上开设通槽，加工简单，可节省材料成本。
在一些实施例中，第二通道还包括开设在支撑件上的第一缺口，第一缺口与通槽联通。通过在支撑件上开设与通槽连通的第一缺口，可增大第二通道尺寸，同时可使电解液从不同方向进入通槽，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，支撑组件包括至少两个支撑件，第二通道形成于至少两个支撑件之间。这样，可方便电解液从不同方向进入第一通道，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，同时，可方便支撑组件与第一绝缘件之间的装配，降低电池单体的材料成本和重量，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，支撑组件包括两个支撑件，两个支撑件间隔设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，第二通道包括两个支撑件之间限定出的第二空间，第二空间的至少部分与第一通道正对设置。通过使支撑组件包括两个支撑件，两个支撑件之间限定出的第二空间为第一通道，一方面加工装配简单，另一方面，方便电解液从多个方向进入第一通道，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率。
在一些实施例中，第二通道还包括第二缺口，第二缺口开设在两个支撑件中的至少一者上，且第二缺口与第二空间连通。通过在两个支撑件中的至少一者上开设第二缺口，可增大两个支撑件之间形成的第二通道的尺寸，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，两个支撑件沿第一方向平行间隔分布，或者，两个支撑件沿第二方向平行间隔分布，第二方向与第一方向共面且相互垂直。这样，可提高支撑组件装配的自由度，降低支撑组件与第一绝缘件之间的装配要求，提高装配效率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，支撑组件包括三个支撑件，设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，且三个支撑件两两间隔分布，第二通道包括每相邻两个支撑件之间限定出的第三空间，每一第三空间的至少部分与第一通道连通。通过使支撑组件包括三个支撑件，第二通道包括每相邻两个支撑件之间限定出的第三空间，可方便电解液从多个方向进入第一通道，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，第二通道还包括第三缺口，第三缺口开设在三个支撑件中的至少一者上，且第三缺口与第三空间连通。通过在三个支撑件中的至少一者上开设第三缺口，可增大三个支撑件之间形成的第二通道的尺寸，提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在一些实施例中，三个支撑件沿第一方向两两平行间隔分布，或者，三个支撑件沿第二方向两两平行间隔分布，第二方向与第一方向共面且相互垂直。这样，可提高支撑组件装配的自由度，降低支撑组件与第一绝缘件之间的装配要求，提高装配效率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，支撑组件包括四个支撑件，四个支撑件沿第一绝缘部的外围间隔分布，第二通道包括四个支撑件共同限定出的第四空间，以及每相邻两个支撑件共同限定出的第五空间；其中，第四空 间的至少部分与第一通道正对设置，或者，第五空间的至少部分与第一通道正对设置。通过使支撑组件包括四个支撑件，第二通道包括四个支撑件共同限定出的第四空间，以及每相邻两个支撑件共同限定出的第五空间，可方便电解液从更多方向进入第一通道，进一步提高电解液对电极组件的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体的生产效率。
在一些实施例中，支撑件为板状结构。可降低支撑组件对壳体空间的占用，进而提高电池单体的容量。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘件还包括多个与第一绝缘部连接的第二绝缘部，多个第二绝缘部沿与第一绝缘部连接处折叠，并与第一绝缘部围成顶部敞口的筒状结构，筒状结构包裹于电极组件，相邻的两个第二绝缘部在电极组件的外部对接或重叠。通过设置与第一绝缘部连接的多个第二绝缘部，可大大降低电极组件与壳体接触的几率，提高电池单体的安全性。
在一些实施例中，第一绝缘部和第二绝缘部为一体成型。这样方便第一绝缘件与电极组件之间的装配，提高装配效率。
在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件包括一体成型的第一部分和第二部分，第一部分设置于支撑组件远离第一绝缘部的一侧，且覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，第二部分覆盖于相邻的两个第二绝缘部在电极组件的外部对接处或重叠处。通过使第二绝缘件包括一体成型的第一部分和第二部分，第一部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，第二部分覆盖于相邻的两个第二绝缘部在电极组件的外部对接处或重叠处，使第一绝缘件更好的固定在电极组件的外部，提高电池单体的安全性。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池，包括第一方面中任一项所述的电池单体。
本申请实施例的电池包括第一方面所述的电池单体，电池单体的第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，这样，当电极组件的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件仅覆盖部分第二通道，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道、第一通道浸润电极组件，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率，进而可提高电池的容量和使用时间，提高电池的生产效率和优率。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供了一种用电装置，包括第一方面中任一项所述的电池单体。
本申请实施例的用电装置使用第一方面所述的电池单体作为电源系统，电池单体的第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，这样，当电极组件的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异 物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件仅覆盖部分第二通道，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道、第一通道浸润电极组件，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率，进而可提高用电装置的容量和使用时间，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供电极组件，电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
提供第一绝缘件，包括第一绝缘部，第一绝缘部设置于电极组件的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部设有贯穿第一绝缘部的第一通道；
提供支撑组件，设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，支撑组件限定出第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置；
提供第二绝缘件，至少部分设置于支撑组件远离第一绝缘部的一侧，且覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道；以及
提供壳体，壳体具有容纳腔，容纳腔收容设有第一绝缘件、支撑组件和第二绝缘件的电极组件，第二通道连通第一通道和容纳腔。
通过本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法制作的电池单体，电池单体的第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，这样，当电极组件的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件仅覆盖部分第二通道，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道、第一通道浸润电极组件，保证浸润需求。可见，通过本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法制作的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供了一种电池单体制造设备，包括：
第一提供装置，用于提供电极组件，电极组件包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
第二提供装置，用于提供第一绝缘件，第一绝缘件包括第一绝缘部，第一绝缘部设有贯穿第一绝缘部的第一通道；
第三提供装置，用于提供支撑组件；
第四提供装置，用于提供第二绝缘件；
第五提供装置，用于提供壳体，壳体具有容纳腔；
第一组装装置，用于将第一绝缘部设置于电极组件的一侧且平行于第一方向，将支撑组件设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，支撑组件限定出第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置；将第二绝缘件的至少部分设置于支撑组件远离第一绝缘部的一侧，且覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道；
第二组装装置，用于将设有第一绝缘件、支撑组件和第二绝缘件的电极组件收容于容纳腔内，第二通道连通第一通道和容纳腔。
通过本申请实施例的电池单体制造设备制作的电池单体，电池单体的第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，这样，当电极组件的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件仅覆盖部分第二通道，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道、第一通道浸润电极组件，保证浸润需求。可见，通过本申请实施例的电池单体制造设备制作的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例和现有技术的技术方案，下面对实施例和现有技术中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本公开的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的实施例。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆的结构示意图；
图2为本申请一些实施例的电池的分解结构示意图；
图3为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的结构示意图；
图4为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图；
图5为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图；
图6为本申请的一些实施例的一个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图7为本申请的另一些实施例的一个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图8为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第一方向X间隔分布)；
图9为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第一方向X间隔分布)；
图10为本申请的一些实施例的两个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第一方向X间隔分布)；
图11为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第二方向Y间隔分布)；
图12为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第二方向Y间隔分布)；
图13为本申请的一些实施例的两个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图(两个支撑件沿第二方 向Y间隔分布)；
图14为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图(支撑组件包括三个支撑件)；
图15为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图(支撑组件包括三个支撑件)；
图16为本申请的一些实施例的三个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图17为本申请的另一些实施例的三个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图18为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图(支撑组件包括四个支撑件)；
图19为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图(支撑组件包括四个支撑件)；
图20为本申请的一些实施例的四个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图21为本申请的另一些实施例的电池单体的分解结构示意图(支撑组件包括四个支撑件)；
图22为本申请的另一些实施例的电池单体的仰视结构示意图(支撑组件包括四个支撑件)；
图23为本申请的另一些实施例的四个支撑件设置于第一绝缘部的结构示意图；
图24为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体制造方法的流程框图；
图25为本申请的一些实施例的电池单体制造设备的流程框图。
具体实施方式中的附图标号如下：
用电设备10；
电池11，控制器12，马达13；
箱体111，上盖1111，箱壳1112；
电池单体100；
壳体110，电极组件120，第一绝缘件130，第一通道130a，支撑组件140，第二通道140a，第二绝缘件150；
第一绝缘部131，第二绝缘部132；
支撑件141，
第二空间140a-1，第三空间140a-2，第四空间140a-3，第五空间140a-4；
通槽1411，第一缺口1412，第二缺口1413，第三缺口1414；
第一部分151，第二部分152；
第一方向X，第二方向Y。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本公开的示例性实施方式。虽然附图中显示了本公开的示例性实施方式，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本公开而不应被这里阐述的实施方式所限制。相反，提供这些实施方式是为了能够更透彻地理解本公开，并且能够将本公开的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
应理解的是，文中使用的术语仅出于描述特定示例实施方式的目的，而无意于进行限制。除非上下文另外明确地指出，否则如文中使用的单数形式“一”、“一个”以及“所述”也可以表示包括复数形式。术语“包括”、“包含”、“含有”以及“具有”是包含性的，并且因此指明所陈述的特征、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件的存在，但并不排除存在或者添加一个或多个其它特征、步骤、操作、元件、部件、和/或它们 的组合。文中描述的方法步骤、过程、以及操作不解释为必须要求它们以所描述或说明的特定顺序执行，除非明确指出执行顺序。还应当理解，可以使用另外或者替代的步骤。
尽管可以在文中使用术语第一、第二、第三等来描述多个元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段，但是，这些元件、部件、区域、层和/或部段不应被这些术语所限制。这些术语可以仅用来将一个元件、部件、区域、层或部段与另一区域、层或部段区分开。除非上下文明确地指出，否则诸如“第一”、“第二”之类的术语以及其它数字术语在文中使用时并不暗示顺序或者次序。因此，以下讨论的第一元件、部件、区域、层或部段在不脱离示例实施方式的教导的情况下可以被称作第二元件、部件、区域、层或部段。
为了便于描述，可以在文中使用空间相对关系术语来描述如图中示出的一个元件或者特征相对于另一元件或者特征的关系，这些相对关系术语例如为“内部”、“外部”、“内侧”、“外侧”、“下面”、“下方”、“上面”、“上方”等。这种空间相对关系术语意于包括除图中描绘的方位之外的在使用或者操作中装置的不同方位。例如，如果在图中的装置翻转，那么描述为“在其它元件或者特征下面”或者“在其它元件或者特征下方”的元件将随后定向为“在其它元件或者特征上面”或者“在其它元件或者特征上方”。因此，示例术语“在……下方”可以包括在上和在下的方位。装置可以另外定向，例如旋转90度或者在其它方向，并且文中使用的空间相对关系描述符相应地进行解释。
在电池技术不断更新以及市场推动下，动力电池的应用越加广泛。动力电池不仅被应用于水力、火力、风力和太阳能电站等储能电源系统，而且还被广泛应用于电动自行车、电动摩托车、电动汽车等电动交通工具，以及军事装备和航空航天等多个领域。随着动力电池应用领域的不断扩大，其市场的需求量也在不断地扩增。
相关技术中，动力电池包括壳体、电极组件、转接片和顶盖。动力电池依据外壳主要可以分为两类：即以金属为外壳的方形或圆柱形锂离子电池，和以铝塑复合膜为外壳的软包电池。金属外壳的动力电池(尤其方形外壳)市场占有率较高。动力电池为防止电极组件与壳体接触造成短路，普遍的方法是在电极组件与壳体之间放置绝缘膜；动力电池的壳体往往是一端开口的容器状，因加工成型等制造因素壳体底部与侧壁连接处内表面呈一定R角。为避免装配过程中电极组件与壳体底部内R角发生干涉，在包裹绝缘膜的电极组件的底部和壳体之间设置底托板，以抬升电极组件避开壳体。
发明人注意到，上述动力电池中的绝缘膜与底托板一般配合使用，在绝缘膜和底托板上开设对应的通孔来解决装配定位和电解液浸润问题，然而，由此会引入另一个风险：电极组件的极片上的活性物质的脱落或其它异物很容易贯穿隔离膜和底托板上的通孔，导致电极组件与壳体短路，一方面形成内部电解池腐蚀铝壳等金属件，另一方面降低电芯容量，缩短电芯寿命。
基于上述问题，发明人经过深入研究，设计了一种电池单体，电池单体包括壳体、电极组件、第一绝缘件、支撑组件和第二绝缘件。电极组件收容于壳体的容纳腔内，第一绝缘部设置于电极组件的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一方向为电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，第一绝缘部设有贯穿所述第一绝缘部的第一通道；支撑组件设置在第一绝缘部的远离电极组件的一侧，支撑组件限定出连通第一通道和容纳腔的第二通道，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置；第二绝缘件的至少部分设置于支撑组件远离第一绝缘部的一侧，且覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道。
在这样的电池单体中，由于第一绝缘部设置在电极组件的一侧，且第一绝缘部平行于电极组件的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件限定出的第二通道连通第一通道和容纳腔，至少部分第二通道与第一通道正对设置，第二绝缘件的至少部分覆盖第一通道和部分第二通道，使得当第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道和第二通道后不会直接落到壳体上，而是落在第二绝缘件上，从而降低电极组件与壳体之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体容量和寿命。
本申请实施例公开的电池单体可以用于电池、用电装置，该电池、用电装置具有较高的容量和寿命。
本申请实施例的电池可以但不限用于车辆、船舶或飞行器等用电装置中。用电装置可以为但不限于手机、平板、笔记本电脑、电动玩具、电动工具、电瓶车、电动汽车、轮船、航天器等等。其中，电动玩具可以包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等，航天器可以包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以本申请一些实施例提供的用电装置10为例进行说明的。
图1为本申请一些实施例的车辆10的结构示意图。车辆10可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆10的内部可以设置电池11、控制器12和马达13，控制器12用来控制电池11为马达13的供电。例如，在车辆10的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池11。电池11可以用于车辆10的供电，例如，电池11可以作为车辆10的操作电源，用于车辆10的电路系统，例如，用于车辆10的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。
在本申请的另一实施例中，电池11不仅仅可以作为车辆10的操作电源，还可以作为车辆10的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆10提供驱动动力。
图2为本申请一些实施例提供的电池11的爆炸图。本申请的实施例所提到的电池11是指包括一个或多个电池单体100以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池11可以包括电池模组或电池包等。电池11一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体100的箱体111。箱体111可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体100的充电或放电。具体地，箱体111可以包括上盖1111和箱壳1112，上盖1111和箱壳1112扣合在一起。上盖1111和箱壳1112的形状可以根据多个电池单体100组合的形状而定。
在电池11中，电池单体100可以是多个，多个电池单体100之间可串联或并联或混联，混联是指多个电池单体100中既有串联又有并联。多个电池单体100之间可直接串联或并联或混联在一起，再将多个电池单体100构成的整体容纳于箱体111内；当然，电池11也可以是多个电池单体100先串联或并联或混联组成电池模块形式，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联形成一个整体，并容纳于箱体111内。电池11还可以包括其他结构，例如，该电池11还可以包括汇流部件，用于实现多个电池单体100之间的电连接。
本申请中，电池单体100可以包括锂离子二次电池、锂离子一次电池、锂硫电池、钠锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体100可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体100一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、 方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。
如图3至图6所示，本申请第一方面的实施例提供了一种电池单体100，包括壳体110、电极组件120、第一绝缘件130、支撑组件140和第二绝缘件150，壳体110具有容纳腔；电极组件120收容于容纳腔内，电极组件120包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；第一绝缘件130包括第一绝缘部131，第一绝缘部131设置于电极组件120的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部131设有贯穿第一绝缘部131的第一通道130a；支撑组件140设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，支撑组件140限定出连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与所述第一通道130a正对设置；第二绝缘件150的至少部分设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧，且覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a。
壳体110是指用于配合端盖以形成电池单体100的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电极组件120、电解液以及其他部件。壳体110和端盖可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体110上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体100的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖和壳体110一体化，具体地，端盖和壳体110可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体110的内部时，再使端盖盖合壳体110。壳体110可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体110的形状可以根据电极组件120的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体110的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电极组件120是指电池单体100中发生电化学反应的部件。电极组件120可以为卷绕式电极组件，第一极片和第二极片层叠再卷绕形成扁平状结构，电极组件120包括平直区和位于平直区两端的拐角区，“第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置”指的是，位于平直区的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向；，电极组件120也可以为层叠式电极组件，由多片第一极片和至少一片第二极片层叠放置形成，“第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置”指的是，多片第一极片的层叠方向。第一方向为第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向。
第一极片是指正极片，第二极片是指负极片，当然，第一极片也可指负极片，第二极片可指正极片。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电极组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子以形成电流回路。
第一绝缘件130是指用于将电极组件120与壳体110隔开的绝缘结构，可为片状结构。
第一绝缘部131是指设置在电极组件120的一侧且与电极组件120的第一极片和第二极片层叠方向平行的绝缘结构，以将电极组件120与壳体110隔开，降低电极组件120与壳体110发生短路的几率。第一绝缘部131可为第一绝缘件130的一部分，可为片状结构。
第一通道130a是指开设的第一绝缘部131上的开口或通孔，以方便电解液浸润电极组件120， 开口或通孔的数量可根据需要设置。
支撑组件140是指为避免装配过程中电极组件120与壳体110发生干涉的部件，其可为一体结构，也可为分体结构。可为块状结构，也可为板状结构，优选为板状结构。
第二通道140a是指用于连通第一绝缘部131的第一通道130a和容纳腔的贯通结构，若支撑组件140为一体结构，第二通道140a可为贯通支撑组件140本身的槽结构，例如支撑组件140为一整块板状结构，第二通道140a可为贯通板状结构厚度的槽体，若支撑组件140为分体结构，第二通道140a可为支撑组件140限定出的空间结构，例如支撑组件140由多个板状结构组成，多个板状结构间隔分布，多个板状结构之间限定出的空间即为第二通道140a。
第二绝缘件150是指至少部分设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧的绝缘结构，且该部分的绝缘结构覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，从而使得从电极组件120的内部与壳体的容纳腔之间为非直连通，即脱落的活性物质或其他异物不会通过第一通道130a和第二通道140a直接落在壳体110上，而是掉落在第二绝缘件150的至少部分，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体容量和寿命，此外，电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。第二绝缘件150可为一面带胶的片状结构，例如绝缘胶纸，以方便第二绝缘件150固定在支撑组件140的远离第一绝缘部131的一侧。
支撑组件140限定出连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，此处的“容纳腔”可理解为位于第一绝缘件130或第二绝缘件150和壳体110之间的部分容纳腔。
在本申请的技术方案中，第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体100，不仅可缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道140a的尺寸大于第一通道130a的尺寸。
通过使在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道140a的尺寸大于第一通道130a的尺寸，可提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第二通道140a完全覆盖第一通道130a。
通过使在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道140a的尺寸大于第一通道130a的尺寸，第二通道140a完全覆盖第一通道130a，可进一步提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进一步提高电池单体 100的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图4至图所示，支撑组件140包括一个支撑件141，第二通道140a包括开设在支撑件141上的通槽1411，通槽1411的至少部分与第一通道130a正对设置。
支撑件141是指设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧的结构件，以避免装配过程中电极组件120与壳体110发生干涉。可为块状结构，也可为板状结构，从空间利用率角度考虑，优选为板状结构。
通槽1411是指开设在支撑件141上且贯穿支撑件141的槽结构。例如，支撑件141板状结构，通槽1411为开设在板状结构上且沿板状结构的厚度方向贯穿的槽结构。
通过使支撑组件140包括一个支撑件141，可方便支撑组件140与第一绝缘件130的装配，在一个支撑件141上开设通槽1411，加工简单，可节省材料成本。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图7所示，第二通道140a还包括开设在支撑件141上的第一缺口1412，第一缺口1412与通槽1411联通。
第一缺口1412可理解为贯穿支撑件141且使支撑件141的外边缘与通槽1411的槽壁连通的豁口结构。
通过在支撑件141上开设与通槽1411连通的第一缺口1412，可增大第二通道140a尺寸，同时可使电解液从不同方向进入通槽1411，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图8至23所示，支撑组件140包括至少两个支撑件141，第二通道140a形成于至少两个支撑件141之间。
这样，可方便电解液从不同方向进入第一通道130a，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，同时，可方便支撑组件140与第一绝缘件130之间的装配，降低电池单体100的材料成本和重量，提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图8至图13所示，支撑组件140包括两个支撑件141，两个支撑件141间隔设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，第二通道140a包括两个支撑件141之间限定出的第二空间140a-1，第二空间140a-1的至少部分与第一通道130a正对设置。
第二空间140a-1是指两个支撑件141之间且呈相对分布的两边缘之间的空间。
通过使支撑组件140包括两个支撑件141，两个支撑件141之间限定出的第二空间140a-1为第一通道140a，一方面加工装配简单，另一方面，方便电解液从多个方向进入第一通道130a，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图11至图13所示，第二通道140a还包括第二缺口1413，第二缺口1413开设在两个支撑件141中的至少一者上，且第二缺口1413与第二空间140a-1连通。
第二缺口1413可理解为贯穿支撑件141且开设在支撑件141的一侧外边沿上的豁口结构。
通过在两个支撑件141中的至少一者上开设第二缺口1413，可增大两个支撑件141之间形成的第二通道140a的尺寸，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率和优 率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图8至图13所示，两个支撑件141沿第一方向平行间隔分布，或者，两个支撑件141沿第二方向平行间隔分布，第二方向与第一方向共面且相互垂直。
这样，可提高支撑组件140装配的自由度，降低支撑组件140与第一绝缘件130之间的装配要求，提高装配效率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图14至图16所示，支撑组件140包括三个支撑件141，设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，且三个支撑件141两两间隔分布，第二通道140a包括每相邻两个支撑件141之间限定出的第三空间140a-2，每一第三空间140a-2的至少部分与第一通道130a连通。
第三空间140a-2是指每相邻两个支撑件141之间且呈相对分布的两边缘之间的空间。
通过使支撑组件140包括三个支撑件141，第二通道140a包括每相邻两个支撑件141之间限定出的第三空间140a-2，可方便电解液从多个方向进入第一通道130a，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图17所示，第二通道140a还包括第三缺口1414，第三缺口1414开设在三个支撑件141中的至少一者上，且第三缺口1414与第三空间140a-2连通。
第三缺口1414可理解为贯穿支撑件141且开设在支撑件141的一侧外边沿上的豁口结构。
通过在三个支撑件141中的至少一者上开设第三缺口1414，可增大三个支撑件141之间形成的第二通道140a的尺寸，提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，三个支撑件141沿第一方向两两平行间隔分布，或者，三个支撑件141沿第二方向两两平行间隔分布，第二方向与第一方向共面且相互垂直。
这样，可提高支撑组件140装配的自由度，降低支撑组件140与第一绝缘件130之间的装配要求，提高装配效率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图18至图23所示，支撑组件140包括四个支撑件141，四个支撑件141沿第一绝缘部131的外围间隔分布，第二通道140a包括四个支撑件141共同限定出的第四空间140a-3，以及每相邻两个支撑件141共同限定出的第五空间140a-4；
其中，第四空间140a-3的至少部分与第一通道130a正对设置，或者，第五空间140a-4的至少部分与第一通道130a正对设置。
第四空间140a-3可理解为四个支撑件141彼此相对的边沿围成的空间。
第五空间140a-4可理解为每相邻两个支撑件141之间且呈相对分布的两边缘之间的空间。
通过使支撑组件140包括四个支撑件141，第二通道140a包括四个支撑件141共同限定出的第四空间140a-3，以及每相邻两个支撑件141共同限定出的第五空间140a-4，可方便电解液从更多方向进入第一通道130a，进一步提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进而提高电池单体100的生产效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，支撑件141为板状结构，可降低支撑组件140对壳体100空间的占用， 进而提高电池单体100的容量。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图3所示，第一绝缘件130还包括多个与第一绝缘部131连接的第二绝缘部132，多个第二绝缘部132沿与第一绝缘部131连接处折叠，并与第一绝缘部131围成顶部敞口的筒状结构，筒状结构包裹于电极组件120，相邻的两个第二绝缘部132在电极组件120的外部对接或重叠。
第二绝缘部132是指与第一绝缘部131连接并能够与第一绝缘部131围成顶部敞口的筒状结构的绝缘结构，以使电极组件120上的除极柱以外的其他部分均被绝缘结构包裹，大大降低电极组件120与壳体110接触的几率，提高电池单体100的安全性。第二绝缘部132与第一绝缘部131可分体设置，也可为一体设置，第二绝缘部132可为片状结构。
通过设置与第一绝缘部131连接的多个第二绝缘部132，可大大降低电极组件120与壳体110接触的几率，提高电池单体100的安全性。
在本申请的一些实施例中，第一绝缘部131和第二绝缘部132为一体成型。这样方便第一绝缘件130与电极组件120之间的装配，提高装配效率。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图4所示，第二绝缘件150包括一体成型的第一部分151和第二部分152，第一部分151设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧，且覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，第二部分152覆盖于相邻的两个第二绝缘部132在电极组件120的外部对接处或重叠处。
第一绝缘件150的数量可为一个，也可为多个。
第一部分151可为用于覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a的绝缘结构，
第二部分152可为用于覆盖于相邻的两个第二绝缘部132在电极组件120的外部对接处或重叠处的绝缘结构，以使第一绝缘件130更好的固定在电极组件120的外部，提高电池单体100的安全性。
通过使第二绝缘件150包括一体成型的第一部分151和第二部分152，第一部分151覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，可缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，第二部分152覆盖于相邻的两个第二绝缘部132在电极组件120的外部对接处或重叠处，使第一绝缘件130更好的固定在电极组件120的外部，提高电池单体100的安全性。
基于上述的多种实施例，参照图3至图6，本申请提出了一种电池单体100，电池单体100包括壳体110、电极组件120、第一绝缘件130、支撑组件140和第二绝缘件150，壳体110具有容纳腔；电极组件120收容于容纳腔内，电极组件120包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；第一绝缘件130包括第一绝缘部131，第一绝缘部131设置于电极组件120的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部131设有贯穿第一绝缘部131的第一通道130a；支撑组件140设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，支撑组件140限定出连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与所述第一通道130a正对设置；第二绝缘件150的至少部分设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧，且覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道140a的尺寸大于第一通道130a的 尺寸，且第二通道140a完全覆盖第一通道130a。
在本申请实施例的电池单体100中，第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求，而且，通过使在平行于第一方向的方向上，第二通道140a的尺寸大于第一通道130a的尺寸，第二通道140a完全覆盖第一通道130a，可进一步提高电解液对电极组件120的浸润速率，进一步提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
本申请第二方面的实施例提出了一种电池11，包括根据第一方面所述的电池单体100。
在本申请实施例的电池11包括电池单体100，电池单体100的第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体100，不仅可缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率，进而可提高电池11的容量和使用时间，提高电池11的生产效率和优率。
本申请第三方面的实施例提出了一种用电装置10，包括根据第一方面所述的电池单体100。
本申请实施例的用电装置10使用第一方面所述的电池单体100作为电源系统，电池单体100的第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。可见，本申请的电池单体100，不仅可缓解电池单体100 使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率，进而可提高用电装置的容量和使用时间，提高电池单体的生产效率和优率。
如图24所示，本申请第四方面的实施例提出了一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
提供电极组件120，电极组件120包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
提供第一绝缘件130，包括第一绝缘部131，第一绝缘部131设置于电极组件120的一侧且平行于第一方向，第一绝缘部131设有贯穿第一绝缘部131的第一通道130a；
提供支撑组件140，设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，支撑组件140限定出第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置；
提供第二绝缘件150，至少部分设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧，且覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a；以及
提供壳体110，壳体110具有容纳腔，容纳腔收容设有第一绝缘件130、支撑组件140和第二绝缘件150的电极组件120，第二通道140a连通第一通道130a和容纳腔。
通过本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法制作的电池单体100，电池单体100的第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。可见，通过本申请实施例的电池单体的制造方法制作的电池单体100，不仅可缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
如图25所示，本申请第五方面的实施例提出了一种电池单体制造设备，包括：
第一提供装置，用于提供电极组件120，电极组件120包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，第一极片和第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
第二提供装置，用于提供第一绝缘件130，第一绝缘件130包括第一绝缘部131，第一绝缘部131设有贯穿第一绝缘部131的第一通道130a；
第三提供装置，用于提供支撑组件140；
第四提供装置，用于提供第二绝缘件150；
第五提供装置，用于提供壳体110，壳体110具有容纳腔；
第一组装装置，用于将第一绝缘部131设置于电极组件120的一侧且平行于第一方向，将支撑组件140设置在第一绝缘部131的远离电极组件120的一侧，支撑组件140限定出第二通道(140a，至少部 分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置；将第二绝缘件150的至少部分设置于支撑组件140远离第一绝缘部131的一侧，且覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a；
第二组装装置，用于将设有第一绝缘件130、支撑组件140和第二绝缘件150的电极组件120收容于容纳腔内，第二通道140a连通第一通道130a和容纳腔。
通过本申请实施例的电池单体制造设备制作的电池单体100，电池单体100的第一绝缘部131设置在电极组件120的一侧，且第一绝缘部131平行于电极组件130的第一极片和第二极片的层叠方向，支撑组件140限定出的连通第一通道130a和容纳腔的第二通道140a，至少部分第二通道140a与第一通道130a正对设置，第二绝缘件152的至少部分覆盖第一通道130a和部分第二通道140a，这样，当电极组件130的第一极片和/或第二极片上的活性物质或其他异物脱落，穿过第一通道130a和第二通道140a后不会直接落到壳体110上，而是落在第二绝缘件150上，从而降低电极组件120与壳体110之间发生短路的几率，缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命。此外，第二绝缘件152仅覆盖部分第二通道140a，容纳腔内的电解液仍可通过第二通道140a、第一通道130a浸润电极组件120，保证浸润需求。可见，通过本申请实施例的电池单体制造设备制作的电池单体，不仅可缓解电池单体100使用过程中的腐蚀，提升电池单体100的容量和寿命，而且，还可满足电池单体的浸润需求，提高电池单体100的生产效率和优率。
以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本申请并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。
需要说明的是，在本文中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
本申请的各个实施例均采用相关的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例，并非用于限定本申请的保护范围。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均包含在本申请的保护范围。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种电池单体(100)，包括：
    壳体(110)，具有容纳腔；
    电极组件(120)，收容于所述容纳腔内，所述电极组件(120)包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，所述第一极片和所述第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
    第一绝缘件(130)，包括第一绝缘部(131)，所述第一绝缘部(131)设置于所述电极组件(120)的一侧且平行于所述第一方向，所述第一绝缘部(131)设有贯穿所述第一绝缘部(131)的第一通道(130a)；
    支撑组件(140)，设置在所述第一绝缘部(131)的远离所述电极组件(120)的一侧，所述支撑组件(140)限定出连通所述第一通道(130a)和所述容纳腔的第二通道(140a)，至少部分所述第二通道(140a)与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置；以及
    第二绝缘件(150)，至少部分设置于所述支撑组件(140)远离所述第一绝缘部(131)的一侧，且覆盖所述第一通道(130a)和部分所述第二通道(140a)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体(100)，其中，在平行于所述第一方向的方向上，所述第二通道(140a)的尺寸大于所述第一通道(130a)的尺寸。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第二通道(140a)完全覆盖所述第一通道(130a)。
  4. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑组件(140)包括一个支撑件(141)，所述第二通道(140a)包括开设在所述支撑件(141)上的通槽(1411)，所述通槽(1411)的至少部分与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第二通道(140a)还包括开设在所述支撑件(141)上的第一缺口(1412)，所述第一缺口(1412)与所述通槽(1411)联通。
  6. 根据权利要求1至3任一项所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑组件(140)包括至少两个所述支撑件(141)，所述第二通道(140a)形成于所述至少两个支撑件(141)之间。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑组件(140)包括两个所述支撑件(141)，两个所述支撑件(141)间隔设置在所述第一绝缘部(131)的远离所述电极组件(120)的一侧，所述第二通道(140a)包括两个所述支撑件(141)之间限定出的第二空间(140a-1)，所述第二空间(140a-1)的至少部分与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第二通道(140a)还包括第二缺口(1413)，所述第二缺口(1413)开设在两个所述支撑件(141)中的至少一者上，且所述第二缺口(1413)与所述第二空间(140a-1)连通。
  9. 根据权利要求7或8所述的电池单体(100)，其中，两个所述支撑件(141)沿第一方向平行间隔分布，或
    两个所述支撑件(141)沿第二方向平行间隔分布，所述第二方向与所述第一方向共面且相互垂直。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑组件(140)包括三个支撑件(141)， 设置在所述第一绝缘部(131)的远离所述电极组件(120)的一侧，且三个所述支撑件(141)两两间隔分布，所述第二通道(140a)包括每相邻两个所述支撑件(141)之间限定出的第三空间(140a-2)，每一所述第三空间(140a-2)的至少部分与所述第一通道(130a)连通。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第二通道(140a)还包括第三缺口(1414)，所述第三缺口(1414)开设在三个所述支撑件(141)中的至少一者上，且所述第三缺口(1414)与所述第三空间(140a-2)连通。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电池单体(100)，其中，三个所述支撑件(141)沿第一方向两两平行间隔分布，或
    三个所述支撑件(141)沿第二方向两两平行间隔分布，所述第二方向与所述第一方向共面且相互垂直。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑组件(140)包括四个支撑件(141)，四个所述支撑件(141)沿所述第一绝缘部(131)的外围间隔分布，所述第二通道(140a)包括四个所述支撑件(141)共同限定出的第四空间(140a-3)，以及每相邻两个所述支撑件(141)共同限定出的第五空间(140a-4)；
    其中，所述第四空间(140a-3)的至少部分与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置，或者，所述第五空间(140a-4)的至少部分与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置。
  14. 根据权利要求4至13任一项所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述支撑件(141)为板状结构。
  15. 根据权利要求1至14任一项所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第一绝缘件(130)还包括多个与所述第一绝缘部(131)连接的第二绝缘部(132)，多个所述第二绝缘部(132)沿与所述第一绝缘部(131)连接处折叠，并与所述第一绝缘部(131)围成顶部敞口的筒状结构，所述筒状结构包裹于所述电极组件(120)，相邻的两个所述第二绝缘部(132)在所述电极组件(120)的外部对接或重叠。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第一绝缘部(131)和所述第二绝缘部(132)为一体成型。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的电池单体(100)，其中，所述第二绝缘件(150)包括一体成型的第一部分(151)和第二部分(152)，所述第一部分(151)设置于所述支撑组件(140)远离所述第一绝缘部(131)的一侧，且覆盖所述第一通道(130a)和部分所述第二通道(140a)，所述第二部分(152)覆盖于相邻的两个所述第二绝缘部(132)在所述电极组件(120)的外部对接处或重叠处。
  18. 一种电池，包括根据权利要求1至17任一项所述的电池单体(100)。
  19. 一种用电装置，包括根据权利要求1至17任一项所述的电池单体(100)。
  20. 一种电池单体的制造方法，包括：
    提供电极组件(120)，所述电极组件(120)包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，所述第一极片和所述第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
    提供第一绝缘件(130)，包括第一绝缘部(131)，所述第一绝缘部(131)设置于所述电极组件(120)的一侧且平行于所述第一方向，所述第一绝缘部(131)设有贯穿所述第一绝缘部(131)的第一通道(130a)；
    提供支撑组件(140)，设置在所述第一绝缘部(131)的远离所述电极组件(120)的一侧，所述支撑组件(140)限定出第二通道(140a)，至少部分所述第二通道(140a)与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置；
    提供第二绝缘件(150)，至少部分设置于所述支撑组件(140)远离所述第一绝缘部(131)的一侧，且覆盖所述第一通道(130a)和部分所述第二通道(140a)；以及
    提供壳体(110)，所述壳体(110)具有容纳腔，所述容纳腔收容设有所述第一绝缘件(130)、支撑组件(140)和第二绝缘件(150)的电极组件(120)，所述第二通道(140a)连通所述第一通道(130a)和所述容纳腔。
  21. 一种电池单体制造设备，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供电极组件(120)，所述电极组件(120)包括第一极片、第二极片以及设置于所述第一极片和第二极片之间的隔膜，所述第一极片和所述第二极片沿第一方向层叠设置；
    第二提供装置，用于提供第一绝缘件(130)，所述第一绝缘件(130)包括第一绝缘部(131)，所述第一绝缘部(131)设有贯穿所述第一绝缘部(131)的第一通道(130a)；
    第三提供装置，用于提供支撑组件(140)；
    第四提供装置，用于提供第二绝缘件(150)；
    第五提供装置，用于提供壳体(110)，所述壳体(110)具有容纳腔；
    第一组装装置，用于将所述第一绝缘部(131)设置于所述电极组件(120)的一侧且平行于所述第一方向，将所述支撑组件(140)设置在所述第一绝缘部(131)的远离所述电极组件(120)的一侧，所述支撑组件(140)限定出第二通道(140a)，至少部分所述第二通道(140a)与所述第一通道(130a)正对设置；将所述第二绝缘件(150)的至少部分设置于所述支撑组件(140)远离所述第一绝缘部(131)的一侧，且覆盖所述第一通道(130a)和部分所述第二通道(140a)；
    第二组装装置，用于将设有所述第一绝缘件(130)、支撑组件(140)和第二绝缘件(150)的电极组件(120)收容于所述容纳腔内，所述第二通道(140a)连通所述第一通道(130a)和所述容纳腔。
PCT/CN2022/072175 2022-01-14 2022-01-14 电池单体及其制造方法、设备、电池及用电装置 WO2023133859A1 (zh)

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