WO2023130280A1 - 电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备 - Google Patents

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023130280A1
WO2023130280A1 PCT/CN2022/070392 CN2022070392W WO2023130280A1 WO 2023130280 A1 WO2023130280 A1 WO 2023130280A1 CN 2022070392 W CN2022070392 W CN 2022070392W WO 2023130280 A1 WO2023130280 A1 WO 2023130280A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tab
electrode assembly
battery cell
flexible conductive
conductive member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/070392
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许虎
赵丰刚
黄思应
牛少军
李星
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2022/070392 priority Critical patent/WO2023130280A1/zh
Priority to CN202280027756.8A priority patent/CN117157823A/zh
Publication of WO2023130280A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023130280A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/545—Terminals formed by the casing of the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of battery technology, in particular, to a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for preparing the battery cell.
  • batteries are widely used in mobile phones, computers, electric vehicles and other electrical equipment to provide electrical energy for electrical equipment.
  • higher requirements are put forward for the structure of the battery.
  • the structure of the battery tends to be simpler and more compact, and the battery is also required to have better safety.
  • the present application aims to provide a battery cell, a battery, an electrical device, and a method and device for preparing the battery cell, so that the structure of the battery is simpler and more compact, and at the same time it has better safety.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, which includes: a casing formed with an opening; an electrode assembly placed in the casing, the end of the electrode assembly close to the opening is formed with a first tab, and the electrode assembly is far away from the opening One end of one end is formed with a second tab; the end cover assembly includes an end cover and a first electrode terminal, the end cover covers the opening and is connected to the first tab, the first electrode terminal is arranged on the end cover and is insulated from the end cover ; A flexible conductive member, one end of the flexible conductive member is connected to the second tab, and the other end of the flexible conductive member is connected to the first electrode terminal.
  • the first tab and the second tab are respectively formed at both ends of the electrode assembly, effectively preventing the first tab and the second tab from overlapping and short circuiting, and the first tab is connected through the end cover, and
  • the second tab is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal on the end cap through a flexible conductive member, which realizes the connection of an external confluence component at the same end of the battery cell, in other words, there is no need to set an external confluence component at the other end of the battery cell,
  • the external space occupied by the battery cell is saved, making the external structure of the battery cell simpler and more compact.
  • the end of the battery cell that is not provided with an external confluence part can be set as a plane.
  • the plane When the plane is used as the placement surface or installation surface of the battery cell, it can keep the battery cell stable and alleviate the problem of shaking caused by the instability of the battery cell. In order to avoid damage to components inside the battery cell, the safety of the battery cell is improved. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can make the structure of the battery simpler and more compact, and at the same time make the battery have better safety.
  • the battery provided by the technical solution of the present application is also characterized by easy assembly and high fault tolerance.
  • the flexible conductive member includes a conductor and an insulating layer, the insulating layer is wrapped around the conductor, and two ends of the conductor protrude from the insulating layer to respectively connect the second tab and the first electrode terminal.
  • the insulating layer isolates the conductor and the electrode assembly, so as to prevent the conductor from contacting the electrode assembly and cause a short circuit, thereby improving battery safety.
  • the battery cell further includes: a current collector, the current collector is located at an end of the electrode assembly away from the opening, and one end of the flexible conductive member is connected to the second tab through the current collector.
  • the area of the current collecting piece is large, the connection area between the current collecting piece and the second tab is large, and the flexible conductive piece is connected to the second tab through the current collecting piece, which improves the connection strength and ensures the overcurrent capability , and easy to connect.
  • the electrode assembly has a central hole penetrating in its axial direction, and the flexible conductive member passes through the central hole.
  • the flexible conductive member is passed through the central hole of the electrode assembly, which does not occupy additional space and does not reduce the energy density of the battery cell.
  • a first groove is formed on the side of the current collector facing away from the electrode assembly, a through hole is provided on the bottom surface of the first groove, and the flexible conductive member is connected to the bottom of the first groove through the through hole. bottom surface.
  • the flexible conductive member is connected to the side of the current collector away from the electrode assembly through the through hole, and the flexible conductive member and the current collector
  • the connection position of the component is outside the electrode assembly, which facilitates the processing and connection of the flexible conductive component and the current collector in a visible state, and also allows the flexible conductive component to be accommodated in the first groove without occupying the space in the height direction of the battery cell.
  • Improve the energy density of battery cells it is also possible to prevent the flexible conductive member from protruding from the current collector, so as to protect the connection between the flexible conductive member and the current collector, avoid wear or damage, and prolong the durability of the battery.
  • the electrode assembly is a wound electrode assembly and includes a first pole piece and a second pole piece, the first pole tab is formed on the first pole piece, and the second pole tab is formed on the second pole piece The innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly is the second pole piece.
  • the polarity of the second pole piece and the second pole piece is the same.
  • the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly as the second pole piece, the polarity of the innermost circle pole piece and the flexible conductive member Similarly, when the flexible conductive element is passed through the central hole, the contact short circuit between the flexible conductive element and the electrode assembly can be effectively avoided.
  • At least the innermost first pole piece does not form the first pole lug.
  • the first tab can be kept away from the flexible conductive member, and the first tab and the flexible conductive member are arranged at intervals to prevent the first pole The ear and the flexible conductive part are lapped and shorted.
  • the electrode assembly further includes a diaphragm covering a side of the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly close to the central hole to isolate the flexible conductive member from the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly.
  • the diaphragm is located between the flexible conductive piece and the innermost pole piece, which plays the role of insulation and isolation.
  • the flexible conductive piece passes through the center hole, it is not easy to rub the innermost pole piece, so as not to scratch the innermost circle.
  • the pole piece also prevents the innermost pole piece from wrinkling due to friction.
  • the innermost diaphragm of the electrode assembly exceeds the first tab, so as to isolate the flexible conductive member from the first tab.
  • the diaphragm on the innermost ring protrudes beyond the first lug to insulate and isolate the first lug from the flexible conductive element, preventing the first lug from overlapping with the flexible conductive element.
  • the housing includes a side wall and a bottom wall, the end cover is connected to the side wall and is opposite to the bottom wall, the flexible conductive member includes a first segment and a second segment, and the first segment is disposed on the side wall and the electrode assembly, the second section is arranged between the end cap and the electrode assembly, one end of the first section is connected to the second tab, the other end of the first section is connected to one end of the second section, and the other end of the second section One end is connected to the first electrode terminal.
  • the flexible conductive member is located outside the electrode assembly, and the overall structure is simple. Compared with the case where the flexible conductive member needs to pass through the central hole of the electrode assembly, it has the effect of facilitating connection and processing.
  • a first groove is formed on a surface of the current collector away from the electrode assembly, and one end of the first section is connected to the bottom surface of the first groove.
  • the first groove on the side of the current collector away from the electrode assembly, one end of the first section can be accommodated in the first groove, which does not occupy the space in the height direction of the battery cell, and improves the battery capacity. energy density of the monomer. Furthermore, it is also possible to prevent the flexible conductive member from protruding from the current collector, so as to protect the connection between the flexible conductive member and the current collector, avoid wear or damage, and prolong the durability of the battery.
  • the first tab includes a first part and a second part spaced apart from each other, and the second segment is located between the first part and the second part.
  • the first tab is divided into two parts arranged at intervals, and the space between the first part and the second part is used to allow the flexible conductive member to pass through, so that the first tab and the flexible conductive member do not interfere with each other, that is
  • the first tab is not easy to overlap the flexible conductive part to cause a short circuit, and the flexible conductive part is not blocked between the first tab and the end cover, so as not to affect the welding of the first tab and the end cover, and the flexible conductive part does not occupy the battery
  • the space in the height direction of the cell will not reduce the energy density of the battery cell.
  • the battery cell further includes: a first insulator, the first insulator is used to isolate the end cap and the casing; a second insulator, the second insulator is used to isolate the current collector and case.
  • the casing is not electrified and the risk of short circuit is reduced.
  • a protrusion is formed on a side of the end cap facing the electrode assembly, and the protrusion is welded to the first tab.
  • the end cover forms a protrusion to press against the first tab, so as to prevent a gap between the end cover and the first tab from causing false welding, and ensure a stable connection between the end cover and the first tab.
  • a second groove is formed on the side of the end cap facing away from the electrode assembly, and the position of the second groove corresponds to the position of the protrusion.
  • the second groove marks the welding position connected with the first tab on the end cap, and by setting the second groove, the thickness of the end cap at the protrusion is reduced to facilitate hot-melt connection .
  • the end cover assembly further includes a second electrode terminal, the second electrode terminal is electrically connected to the end cover, and the second electrode terminal protrudes from a side of the end cover facing away from the electrode assembly.
  • a protruding second electrode terminal is provided on the side of the end cover away from the electrode assembly, so as to facilitate the connection of the bus component to the second electrode terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery, which includes the aforementioned battery cell.
  • the battery provided by the present application only needs to arrange a confluence part at one end of the battery cell, the overall structure is simple and compact, and the energy density of the battery is high.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, which includes the aforementioned battery.
  • the electric device provided by this application has a simple and compact battery structure and high energy density, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the electric device or the addition of other functional components without increasing the volume of the electric device.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a battery cell, which includes: providing a case with an opening formed therein; providing an electrode assembly, one end of which is formed with a first tab, and the other end is formed with a The second tab; provide an end cover assembly, the end cover assembly includes an end cover and a first electrode terminal, the first electrode terminal is arranged on the end cover and insulated from the end cover; provide a flexible conductive member; connect one end of the flexible conductive member to the first electrode terminal The two pole ears and the other end are welded to the first electrode terminal, place the electrode assembly in the case, make the end where the first pole ear is located close to the opening, and the end where the second pole ear is located is away from the opening, and then cover the end cover on the opening , and connect the end cap to the first tab.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell manufacturing equipment, which includes: a first providing device for providing a casing, the casing is formed with an opening; a second providing device for providing an electrode assembly, an electrode One end of the assembly is formed with a first tab and the other end is formed with a second tab; the third providing device is used to provide an end cover assembly, the end cover assembly includes an end cover and a first electrode terminal, and the first electrode terminal is arranged on the end The cover is insulated from the end cap; the fourth providing device is used to provide a flexible conductive member; the assembly device is used to connect one end of the flexible conductive member to the second tab and weld the other end to the first electrode terminal, and place the electrode assembly In the housing, make the end where the first tab is close to the opening, and the end where the second tab is away from the opening, then close the end cover to the opening, and connect the end cover to the first tab.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the vehicle provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded view of a battery provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is an exploded view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged view of part C of Fig. 6;
  • Figure 8 is a bottom view of the current collector
  • Fig. 9 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is a top view of an electrode assembly provided by another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a method for preparing a battery cell provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram of a battery cell manufacturing equipment provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Icons 1000-vehicle; 100-battery; 101-box; 1011-first box part; 1012-second box part; 1-battery unit; 11-housing; 111-opening; 112-side wall ; 113-bottom wall; 12-end cover assembly; 121-end cover; 1211-protrusion; 1212-second groove; -electrode assembly; 13a-central hole; 131-first pole piece; 1311-first pole ear; 13111-first part; 13112-second part; 132-second pole piece; 1321-second pole ear; Diaphragm; 14-flexible conductive part; 141-conductor; 142-insulation layer; 14a-first section; 14b-second section; 15-current collector; 151-first groove; 152-through hole; 16-the first 17-second insulating member; 200-motor; 300-controller; 400-preparation equipment; 410-first providing device; 420-second providing device; 430-third providing device; 440-fourth Provide
  • connection In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly stipulated and limited, the terms “installation”, “connection”, “connection” and “attachment” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection, It can also be detachably connected or integrally connected; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediary, and it can be internal communication between two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application according to specific situations.
  • the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, in different embodiments, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width and other dimensions of the various components in the embodiments of the application shown in the drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length and width of the integrated device, are for illustrative purposes only, and should not constitute any limitation to the application .
  • “Plurality” in this application refers to two or more (including two).
  • the battery cells may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the battery mentioned in the embodiments of the present application refers to a single physical module including one or more battery cells to provide higher voltage and capacity.
  • the battery mentioned in this application may include a battery module or a battery pack, and the like.
  • Batteries generally include a case for enclosing one or more battery cells. The box can prevent liquid or other foreign objects from affecting the charging or discharging of the battery cells.
  • the battery cell includes an electrode assembly and an electrolyte, and the electrode assembly includes a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator.
  • a battery cell works primarily by moving metal ions between the positive and negative pole pieces.
  • the positive electrode sheet includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer, and the positive electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the positive electrode current collector; the positive electrode current collector includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode tab, and the positive electrode current collector is coated with a positive electrode active material layer , the positive electrode tab is not coated with the positive electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the positive electrode current collector can be aluminum, the positive electrode active material layer includes the positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material can be lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, ternary lithium or lithium manganate.
  • the negative electrode sheet includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer, and the negative electrode active material layer is coated on the surface of the negative electrode current collector; the negative electrode current collector includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode tab, and the negative electrode current collector is coated with a negative electrode active material layer , the negative electrode tab is not coated with the negative electrode active material layer.
  • the material of the negative electrode current collector may be copper, the negative electrode active material layer includes the negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material may be carbon or silicon.
  • the material of the spacer can be PP (polypropylene, polypropylene) or PE (polyethylene, polyethylene).
  • the battery cell also includes a casing and an end cap assembly.
  • the casing is used to accommodate functional components such as electrode assemblies and electrolytes.
  • the end cap assembly refers to covering the opening of the casing to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell from the Components of the external environment.
  • the battery cell also includes an electrode lead-out part.
  • the electrode lead-out part is generally arranged on the casing and/or the end cover assembly.
  • the electrode lead-out part includes a positive electrode lead-out part and a negative electrode lead-out part.
  • the external part is connected to the negative pole ear, which is used to output or input electric energy.
  • the battery further includes a bus member for connecting the electrode lead-out parts of the battery cells.
  • a plurality of battery cells are electrically connected through the busbar, so as to realize parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection of the plurality of battery cells.
  • batteries are widely used in mobile phones, computers, electric vehicles and other electrical equipment.
  • electrical equipment has a trend of miniaturization and improvement, which puts forward more requirements on the structure of batteries.
  • High requirements the structure of the battery tends to be simpler and more compact, and the battery is also required to have better safety.
  • the external structure of the battery cells such as battery cells
  • the positive electrode lead-out part and the negative electrode lead-out part of the body are often arranged on two opposite surfaces in the height direction of the battery cell, so it is necessary to set a bus component at both ends of the battery cell to connect the positive electrode lead-out part and the negative electrode.
  • the two current-flow components can be disposed on The same side of the battery cell, thereby reducing the height of the battery, making the structure of the battery simpler and more compact.
  • the positive tab and the negative tab of the electrode assembly need to be arranged on opposite sides of the electrode assembly, so as to avoid short circuit caused by deformation of the positive tab and the negative tab.
  • the positive tab and the negative tab of the electrode assembly are set on the same side, it is also necessary to ensure that the positions of the positive tab and the negative tab are staggered, which affects the accuracy of the position distribution of the positive tab on the positive tab.
  • the accuracy of the position distribution of the negative electrode tab on the negative electrode sheet puts forward higher requirements, which increases the processing difficulty and production cost.
  • the battery cell includes a casing, an end cap assembly, an electrode assembly, and a flexible conductive member.
  • the casing has an opening.
  • the first tab and the second tab can be set to opposite polarities, that is, one of the first tab and the second tab is a positive tab, the other is a negative tab, and the first tab and the second tab are respectively arranged at both ends of the electrode assembly, the position accuracy of the tab is not improved, the processing difficulty and production cost are not increased, and the overlapping short circuit between the second tab and the first tab is avoided.
  • the end cover and the first electrode terminal serve as the positive electrode lead-out part and the negative electrode lead-out part respectively, the end cover is connected to the first pole ear, and the first electrode terminal is connected to the second pole ear through a flexible conductive member, so that the first pole ear, the second pole ear
  • the dipoles are separately arranged at both ends of the electrode assembly, the purpose of inputting and outputting current on the same side of the battery cell is realized, so that the structure of the battery cell is simple and compact, and the confluence part can be connected on the same side of the battery cell, saving energy
  • the external space occupied by battery cells and bus components is reduced, making the structure of the battery simpler and more compact.
  • the end of the battery cell that is not provided with the electrode lead-out part can be set as a plane.
  • the plane is used as the placement surface or installation surface of the battery cell, the battery cell can be kept stable, and the problem of shaking caused by the unevenness of the battery cell can be alleviated. , so as to prevent the internal components from being damaged due to the shaking of the battery cell, thereby improving the safety of the battery cell.
  • the length of the flexible conductive member is greater than or equal to the distance between the first electrode terminal and the second tab, the first electrode terminal and the second tab can be realized.
  • the electrical connection of the second lug does not affect the assembly of the end cover and the housing. Therefore, the technical solution of the present application requires low manufacturing precision, high fault tolerance, convenient assembly, and low production cost.
  • Electrical devices can be vehicles, mobile phones, portable devices, laptops, ships, spacecraft, electric toys and power tools, etc.
  • Vehicles can be fuel vehicles, gas vehicles or new energy vehicles, and new energy vehicles can be pure electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles or extended-range vehicles;
  • spacecraft include airplanes, rockets, space shuttles and spacecraft, etc.;
  • electric toys include fixed Type or mobile electric toys, such as game consoles, electric car toys, electric boat toys and electric airplane toys, etc.;
  • electric tools include metal cutting electric tools, grinding electric tools, assembly electric tools and railway electric tools, for example, Electric drills, electric grinders, electric wrenches, electric screwdrivers, electric hammers, impact drills, concrete vibrators, electric planers, and more.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not impose special limitations on the above electric equipment.
  • the figure shows a vehicle 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 can be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle can be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or a supercharged vehicle. program cars, etc.
  • a battery 100 , a controller 300 and a motor 200 may be provided inside the vehicle 1000 , and the controller 300 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 200 .
  • the battery 100 may be provided at the bottom or front or rear of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 , for a circuit system of the vehicle 1000 , for example, for starting, navigating, and working power requirements of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 1 , wherein the plurality of battery cells 1 are connected in series or in parallel or in combination, and the combination refers to a combination of series and parallel. mix.
  • the battery 100 may also be called a battery pack.
  • a plurality of battery cells 1 can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery module, and then a plurality of battery modules can be connected in series, parallel or mixed to form a battery 100 . That is to say, a plurality of battery cells 1 can directly form the battery 100 , or can first form a battery module, and then the battery module can form the battery 100 .
  • the battery 100 may further include a box body 101 (or called a cover body), the interior of the box body 101 is a hollow structure, and a plurality of battery cells 1 are accommodated in the box body 101 .
  • the box body 101 may include two parts for accommodating (referring to FIG. 2 ), which are referred to here as the first box body part 1011 and the second box body part 1012 respectively, and the first box body part 1011 and the second box body part 1012 snap together.
  • the shapes of the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may be determined according to the combined shape of a plurality of battery cells 1 , and each of the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 may have an opening.
  • both the first box body part 1011 and the second box body part 1012 can be hollow cuboids and each has only one face as an opening surface, the opening of the first box body part 1011 and the opening of the second box body part 1012 are arranged oppositely, and The first box body part 1011 and the second box body part 1012 are buckled together to form the box body 101 with a closed cavity.
  • the first box body part 1011 and the second box body part 1012 one can also be a cuboid with an opening, and the other can be a cover plate structure to close the opening of the cuboid.
  • a plurality of battery cells 1 are connected in parallel or connected in series or mixed and placed in the box 101 formed by fastening the first box part 1011 and the second box part 1012 .
  • the battery 100 also includes a confluence part (not shown in FIG. 2 ), which is used to realize the electrical connection between a plurality of battery cells 1 , such as parallel connection, series connection or mixed connection.
  • the current-combining component can realize the electrical connection between the battery cells 1 by connecting the electrode lead-out parts of the battery cells 1 .
  • the current-combining member can be fixed to the electrode lead-out portion of the battery cell 1 by welding.
  • the electric energy of the plurality of battery cells 1 can be further drawn out through the case body 101 through the conductive mechanism.
  • the conduction means can also belong to the current-collecting part.
  • the battery cell 1 includes a casing 11 , an end cap assembly 12 , an electrode assembly 13 and a flexible conductive member 14 .
  • the housing 11 is formed with an opening 111
  • the electrode assembly 13 is placed in the housing 11
  • the end of the electrode assembly 13 close to the opening 111 is formed with a first tab 1311
  • the end of the electrode assembly 13 away from the opening 111 is formed with a second tab 1321
  • the end cover assembly 12 includes an end cover 121 and a first electrode terminal 122.
  • the end cover 121 covers the opening 111 and is connected to the first tab 1311.
  • the first electrode terminal 122 is arranged on the end cover 121 and is insulated from the end cover 121.
  • One end of the flexible conductive member 14 is connected to the second tab 1321 , and the other end of the flexible conductive member 14 is connected to the first electrode terminal 122 .
  • the electrode assembly 13 includes a first pole piece 131, a second pole piece 132 and a spacer, the spacer is used to separate the first pole piece 131 and the second pole piece 132, and the three are cross-stacked or stacked Afterwards, the electrode assembly 13 is formed by winding.
  • the part of the first pole piece 131 that is not coated with the active material layer protrudes from one end of the electrode assembly 13 to form the first tab 1311
  • the part of the second pole piece 132 that is not coated with the active material layer protrudes from the other end of the electrode assembly 13. Extending to form a second tab 1321 , so as to charge and discharge the electrode assembly 13 through the first tab 1311 and the second tab 1321 .
  • one of the first pole piece 131 and the second pole piece 132 is a positive pole tab, and the other is a negative pole tab.
  • the first pole piece 131 is configured as a negative pole piece
  • the first pole tab 1311 is a negative pole tab
  • the second pole piece 132 is configured as a positive pole piece
  • the second pole tab 1321 is a negative pole tab.
  • the first tab 1311 and the second tab 1321 may be treated separately to reduce the interlayer gap of the first tab 1311 and the interlayer gap of the second tab 1321 .
  • the first tab 1311 may be flattened so that the end area of the first tab 1311 away from the main body is gathered together; One end of the part forms a dense end surface, which reduces the gap between the tab layers and facilitates the connection of the first tab 1311 with the first electrode lead-out part.
  • a conductive material may also be filled between two adjacent tab layers, so as to reduce the gap between the tab layers.
  • the second tab 1321 is also smoothed or filled with conductive material, so as to reduce the gap between the tab layers of the second tab 1321 .
  • the casing 11 is used to accommodate functional components such as the electrode assembly 13 and the electrolyte.
  • the casing 11 can be in various shapes and sizes, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc.
  • the casing 11 is a part of the cylinder.
  • the end cover 121 refers to a component that covers the opening 111 of the casing 11 to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 1 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cover 121 can be adapted to the shape of the housing 11 to match the housing 11 .
  • the end cap 121 is another part of the cylinder.
  • the end cap 121 can be made of a material (such as aluminum alloy) with a certain hardness and strength, so that the end cap 121 is not easily deformed when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 1 can have a higher Structural strength and safety performance can also be improved.
  • the housing 11 and the end cover 121 may be independent components, and an opening 111 may be provided on the housing 11 , and the internal environment of the battery cell 1 is formed by making the end cover 121 cover the opening 111 at the opening 111 .
  • the end cover 121 and the housing 11 can also be integrated. Specifically, the end cover 121 and the housing 11 can form a common connection surface before other components are put into the housing. When it is necessary to seal the inside of the housing 11 , then make the end cover 121 cover the housing 11 .
  • the end cover 121 and the first electrode terminal 122 are insulated from each other means that the first electrode terminal 122 is insulated and installed on the end cover 121 .
  • the end cover 121 is provided with a through hole, and the first electrode terminal 122 is passed through the through hole on the end cover 121 , and an insulating seal is provided between the first electrode terminal 122 and the through hole.
  • the insulating sealing ring 123 isolates the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode terminal 122 from the hole wall of the through hole to achieve insulation, the insulating sealing ring 123 is set in interference, the outer peripheral surface of the first electrode terminal 122 cooperates with the hole wall of the through hole Compress the insulating sealing ring 123 to achieve sealing.
  • the end cap 121 itself is used as an electrode lead-out part, and the first electrode terminal 122 is used as another electrode lead-out part to realize the electrical connection inside and outside the battery cell 1 and play the role of outputting and inputting electric energy.
  • the end cover 121 and the first tab 1311 can be conductive by contact, welding or bonding, and the end cover 121 and the first tab 1311 can also be connected by other conductive structures.
  • the flexible conductive member 14 refers to a flexible and easy-to-bend conductive structure. Both ends of the flexible conductive member 14 are respectively connected to the second tab 1321 and the first electrode terminal 122.
  • the flexible conductive member 14 and the second tab 1321 can be welded or bonded, or the flexible conductive member 14 and the second tab can be connected to each other. 1321 is connected through other conductive structures; the flexible conductive member 14 and the end cap 121 can be welded or bonded, or the flexible conductive member 14 and the end cap 121 are connected through other conductive structures.
  • the position accuracy of the tab is not improved, the difficulty of processing and the production cost are not increased, and the first tab 1311 and the second tab are effectively prevented.
  • the tabs 1321 are overlapped and short-circuited, the first tab 1311 is connected through the end cover 121, and the second tab 1321 is electrically connected to the first electrode terminal 122 on the end cover 121 through the flexible conductive member 14.
  • the same end of 1 is connected to an external confluence component, in other words, there is no need to provide an external confluence component at the other end of the battery cell 1, which saves the external space occupied by the battery cell 1 and makes the external structure of the battery cell 1 simpler and more compact.
  • the end of the battery cell 1 that is not provided with an external confluence part can be set as a plane, and when the plane is used as a placement surface or an installation surface of the battery cell 1, it can keep the battery cell 1 stable and alleviate the instability of the battery cell 1.
  • the problem of shaking is avoided to prevent damage to the components inside the battery cell 1 and to improve the safety of the battery cell 1 . Therefore, the technical solution of the present application can make the structure of the battery 100 simpler and more compact, and at the same time make the battery 100 have better safety.
  • the flexible conductive member 14 has a high error tolerance rate, as long as the length of the flexible conductive member 14 is greater than or equal to the distance between the first electrode terminal 122 and the second tab 1321, the first electrode can be realized.
  • the terminal 122 is electrically connected to the second tab 1321, and it is not easy for the flexible conductive member 14 to be poorly connected to the first electrode terminal 122 and the second tab 1321.
  • the length of the flexible conductive member 14 does not affect the end cover 121 and the housing.
  • the technical solution of the present application has low requirements on manufacturing precision, high fault tolerance rate, convenient assembly, low production cost, and stable electrical connection.
  • the flexible conductive member 14 includes a conductor 141 and an insulating layer 142, the insulating layer 142 is wrapped around the conductor 141, and the two ends of the conductor 141 protrude from the insulating layer 142 to respectively connect the second The tab 1321 and the first electrode terminal 122 .
  • the conductor 141 can be a linear structure made of a conductive metal material, such as copper wire, aluminum wire, silver wire, etc., or a linear structure made of a metal material and a linear structure of other materials are woven;
  • the conductive material is compounded with other polymer materials to form a flexible conductive material.
  • the insulating layer 142 can be a cylindrical structure made of insulating material, and the cylindrical structure is sleeved on the outer periphery of the conductor 141 after being formed independently, so as to wrap the conductor 141; or, the insulating layer 142 is formed around the conductor 141 by a sheet of insulating material or, the insulating layer 142 is formed by solidifying after coating the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 141 with a liquid insulating material.
  • the insulating layer 142 only covers the middle section of the conductor 141, so that the two ends of the conductor 141 expose the insulating layer 142.
  • the conductor 141 includes a middle section and two ends positioned at the two ends of the middle section, wherein the middle section is covered by the insulating layer 142, and the two ends of the conductor 141
  • the first electrode terminal 122 and the second tab 1321 are respectively connected.
  • the middle section of the conductor 141 needs to pass through the electrode assembly 13.
  • the insulating layer 142 to cover the middle section of the conductor 141, the effect of isolating the middle section of the conductor 141 and the electrode assembly 13 is played, so as to prevent the middle section of the conductor 141 from contacting the electrode assembly 13 to cause a short circuit and improve the battery life. 100% security.
  • the battery cell 1 further includes a current collector 15, the current collector 15 is located at the end of the electrode assembly 13 away from the opening 111, and one end of the flexible conductive member 14 passes through the collector.
  • the flow member 15 is connected to the second tab 1321 .
  • the current collector 15 is a component used to connect the second tab 1321 of the battery cell 1 with the flexible conductive member 14, through the current collector 15 and the flexible conductive member 14, the electric energy is transmitted from the electrode assembly 13 to the first electrode Terminal 122.
  • the area of the current collecting piece 15 is relatively large, and the current collecting piece 15 can at least cover part of the end surface of the second tab 1321, so as to increase the electrical connection area between the flexible conductive piece 14 and the second tab 1321, The overcurrent capability is improved, and the electrical connection reliability between the flexible conductive member 14 and the second tab 1321 is improved.
  • the electrical connection between the flexible conductive member 14 and the second tab 1321 is also facilitated, and the connection efficiency is improved.
  • the electrode assembly 13 has a central hole 13a penetrating along its axial direction P, and the flexible conductive member 14 is penetrated through the central hole 13a.
  • the first pole piece 131 , the second pole piece 132 and the spacer are all strip structures, and the first pole piece 131 , the second pole piece 132 and the spacer are wound around the same central axis to form a winding structure.
  • the wound structure can be a cylindrical structure, a flat structure or other shapes.
  • the first pole piece 131, the second pole piece 132 and the separator are wound and formed around a winding needle. After the winding needle is pulled out, a hole penetrating along the axial direction P of the electrode assembly 13 is formed at the central axis of the electrode assembly 13. Central hole 13a.
  • the axial direction P of the electrode assembly 13 mentioned in this application refers to the extension direction of the central axis of the electrode assembly 13 .
  • the radial direction R of the electrode assembly 13 refers to a direction perpendicular to the axial direction P.
  • a first groove 151 is formed on the side of the current collector 15 away from the electrode assembly 13, and a through hole 152 is provided on the bottom surface of the first groove 151, which is flexible and conductive.
  • the component 14 is connected to the bottom surface of the first groove 151 through the through hole 152 .
  • the current collecting piece 15 is a flat plate structure, the current collecting piece 15 covers the end surface of the second tab 1321, the position of the current collecting piece 15 corresponding to the central hole 13a of the electrode assembly 13 forms a through hole 152, and the through hole 152 is located at the second a bottom surface of a groove 151 .
  • one end of the flexible conductive member 14 is connected to the side of the current collecting member 15 facing away from the electrode assembly 13 through the through hole 152, that is, the connection position between the flexible conductive member 14 and the current collecting member 15 is outside the electrode assembly 13, which is convenient for visual inspection.
  • the flexible conductive member 14 and the current collector 15 are processed and connected, and the flexible conductive member 14 is accommodated in the first groove 151, so that the space in the height direction of the battery cell 1 is not occupied, and the energy of the battery cell 1 is improved. density.
  • the first groove 151 there are various shapes of the first groove 151 , such as circle, rectangle, hexagon, strip, etc., and the shape of the first groove 151 is not limited in this application. As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the first groove 151 is circular, and the part of the current collecting piece 15 corresponding to the central hole 13a protrudes toward the center hole 13a to form a cylindrical protrusion, and the current collecting piece 15 deviates from A circular first groove 151 is formed on one side of the electrode assembly 13 .
  • the cylindrical protrusion of the current collector 15 extends into the central hole 13a to limit the movement of the current collector 15 in the radial direction R, so as not to tear the second tab 1321 and the flexible conductive member 14, and ensure that the first groove 151
  • the through hole 152 on the bottom surface corresponds to the central hole 13a, which facilitates the assembly of the flexible conductive member 14.
  • the electrode assembly 13 is a wound electrode assembly 13 and includes a first pole piece 131 and a second pole piece 132 , and the first pole tab 1311 is formed on the first The pole piece 131 and the second pole lug 1321 are formed on the second pole piece 132 , and the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 13 is the second pole piece 132 .
  • the first pole piece 131, the second pole piece 132 and the spacer are all strip-shaped structures, and the first pole piece 131, the second pole piece 132 and the spacer are wound around the same central axis as a whole.
  • the winding starting end of the second pole piece 132 is elongated, so that the winding starting end of the second pole piece 132 exceeds the winding starting end of the first pole piece 131, so after the second pole piece 132 is wound at least one turn, the second pole piece 132
  • the first pole piece 131 is wound synchronously with the second pole piece 132 , so the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 13 is the second pole piece 132 .
  • the inner wall of the central hole 13a of the electrode assembly 13 is formed by the second pole piece 132, because the polarity of the second pole piece 132 and the flexible conductive member 14
  • the polarity of the pole piece 132 is the same, when the flexible conductive member 14 passes through the central hole 13a, even if the flexible conductive member 14 contacts the inner wall of the central hole 13a (that is, the second pole piece 132), there will be no short circuit phenomenon, which effectively prevents the flexible conductive member 14 from colliding with the central hole 13a.
  • the electrode assembly 13 contacts are short-circuited.
  • At least the innermost first pole piece 131 does not form the first pole tab 1311 .
  • the first pole piece 131 is wound around the central axis to form multiple turns, and the circle closest to the central hole 13 a is the innermost circle of the first pole piece 131 .
  • At least the first pole piece 131 in the innermost circle does not form the first pole piece 1311, which means that the first pole piece 131 in the innermost circle does not form the first pole piece 1311, or starts from the innermost circle of the first pole piece 131 along the The n turns of the first pole piece 131 from the inside to the outside in the radial direction R do not form the first tab 1311 , where 2 ⁇ n ⁇ the total number of turns of the first pole piece 131 .
  • the first tab 1311 and the flexible conductive member 14 are spaced apart from each other, so that the first tab 1311 can be far away from the flexible conductive member 14, so as to prevent the first pole
  • the ear 1311 and the flexible conductive member 14 are overlapped and shorted.
  • the electrode assembly 13 further includes a diaphragm 133, and the diaphragm 133 covers the side of the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 13 near the central hole 13a to isolate the flexible conductive member. 14 and the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 13.
  • the diaphragm 133 covers the innermost pole piece of the electrode assembly 13 near the central hole 13a, that is, the inner wall of the central hole 13a of the electrode assembly 13 is covered by the diaphragm 133, and the diaphragm 133 is located between the flexible conductive member 14 and the innermost pole piece. Between, play the role of insulation isolation.
  • the innermost diaphragm 133 of the electrode assembly 13 exceeds the first tab 1311 to isolate the flexible conductive member 14 from the first tab 1311.
  • the diaphragm 133 is wound around the central axis to form multiple turns, and the turn closest to the central hole 13 a is the innermost turn of the diaphragm 133 . As shown in FIG. 6 , there is one or more rings of diaphragms 133 including the innermost diaphragm 133 between the innermost first pole piece 131 and the flexible conductive member 14 .
  • the function of insulating the first tab 1311 and the flexible conductive member 14 is achieved.
  • the function is to prevent the short circuit caused by overlapping the flexible conductive member 14 when the first tab 1311 is deformed.
  • the housing 11 includes a side wall 112 and a bottom wall 113 , and the end cover 121 is connected to the side wall 112 and is opposite to the bottom wall 113 .
  • One end of the electrode assembly 13 having the first tab 1311 faces the end cap 121
  • one end of the electrode assembly 13 having the second tab 1321 faces the bottom wall 113
  • the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly 13 faces the side wall 112 .
  • the flexible conductive member 14 may also be configured to pass between the side wall 112 and the electrode assembly 13 and connect to the first electrode terminal 122 .
  • the flexible conductive member 14 includes a first segment 14a and a second segment 14b, the first segment 14a is disposed between the side wall 112 and the electrode assembly 13, and the second segment 14b is disposed between the end cap 121 and the electrode assembly 13 Between, one end of the first segment 14a is connected to the second tab 1321 , the other end of the first segment 14a is connected to one end of the second segment 14b , and the other end of the second segment 14b is connected to the first electrode terminal 122 .
  • one end of the first segment 14a is electrically connected to the second tab 1321, the other end of the first segment 14a passes between the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly 13 and the side wall 112, and is connected to one end of the second segment 14b, The other end of the second segment 14 b extends along a direction parallel to the end cap 121 and is connected to the first electrode terminal 122 .
  • the flexible conductive member 14 is located outside the electrode assembly 13, the overall structure is simple, easy to connect, and does not need to pass through the inside of the electrode assembly 13, which is convenient for processing.
  • a first groove 151 is formed on a surface of the current collector 15 facing away from the electrode assembly 13 , and one end of the first segment 14 a is connected to the bottom surface of the first groove 151 .
  • the current collector 15 is a flat plate structure, the current collector 15 covers the end surface of the second tab 1321, and the first groove 151 extends from the edge of the current collector 15 to the middle, so that one end of the first segment 14a enters the first groove 151 .
  • the first groove 151 is strip-shaped.
  • the first groove 151 is circular or polygonal, and one end of the first segment 14a is coiled in the first groove 151, so as to increase the connection length between the first segment 14a and the collector plate and improve the connection stability. sex.
  • first groove 151 By forming the first groove 151 on the side of the current collector 15 facing away from the electrode assembly 13, one end of the first segment 14a can be accommodated in the first groove 151, without occupying the space in the height direction of the battery cell 1, and improving the battery life. Energy density of monomer 1. Furthermore, it is also possible to prevent the current collector 15 from protruding from the current collector 15 to protect the connection between the flexible conductive member 14 and the current collector 15 to avoid wear or damage and prolong the durability of the battery 100 .
  • the first tab 1311 includes a first portion 13111 and a second portion 13112 spaced apart from each other, and the second segment 14b is located between the first portion 13111 and the second portion 13112 .
  • the first pole piece 1311 When the first pole piece 131 is unfolded, the first pole piece 1311 is not arranged along the entire first pole piece 131, but is divided into a plurality of spaced sub-lugs along the extending direction of the first pole piece 131.
  • the first pole piece After 131 is wound around the central axis, a part of the sub-tabs is sequentially stacked along the radial direction R to form the first part 13111, and another part of the sub-tabs is sequentially stacked to form the second part 13112.
  • the outline of the first part 13111 is different from that of the second part 13112.
  • the space between the first part 13111 and the second part 13112 is used to allow the flexible conductive member 14 to pass through, so that the first tab 1311 and the flexible conductive member 14 do not interfere with each other That is, the first tab 1311 is not easy to overlap the flexible conductive member 14 to cause a short circuit, and the flexible conductive member 14 is not blocked between the first tab 1311 and the end cover 121, so as not to affect the welding of the first tab 1311 and the end cover 121 , at the same time, the flexible conductive member 14 does not occupy the space in the height direction of the battery cell 1 , and does not reduce the energy density of the battery cell 1 .
  • the height direction of the battery cell 1 mentioned here refers to the axial direction P of the electrode assembly 13 .
  • a protrusion 1211 is formed on the side of the end cover 121 facing the electrode assembly 13 , and the protrusion 1211 is welded to the first tab 1311 .
  • a protrusion 1211 can be provided on the side of the end cap 121 facing the electrode assembly 13, and the protrusion 1211 and the flexible The positions of the conductive elements 14 are staggered.
  • the protrusion 1211 is used to abut against the first tab 1311 to ensure full contact between the protrusion 1211 and the first tab 1311, so as to prevent the end cover 121 from contacting the first pole. There is a gap between the lugs 1311 resulting in a virtual weld, ensuring a stable connection between the end cover 121 and the first lug 1311 and a stable flow capacity.
  • a second groove 1212 is formed on the side of the end cap 121 facing away from the electrode assembly 13 , and the position of the second groove 1212 corresponds to the position of the protrusion 1211 .
  • the end cover 121 is locally deformed by means of stamping or injection molding, thereby simultaneously forming a protrusion 1211 on one side of the end cover 121 and forming a second groove 1212 on the other side.
  • the protrusion 1211 is integrally formed with the end cap 121 , and the protrusion 1211 is hollowed out by cutting and grinding from the side of the end cap 121 away from the electrode assembly 13 , so as to form the second groove 1212 .
  • the second groove 1212 marks the welding position connected with the first tab 1311 on the end cover 121, which is convenient for welding operation, and by setting the second groove 1212, the end cover 121 is raised
  • the thickness at 1211 is thinned, that is, the bottom of the second groove 1212 is thinned, and after thinning, it is easy to be melted, so as to facilitate penetration welding of the protrusion 1211 and the second tab 1321 .
  • the end cover assembly 12 further includes a second electrode terminal 1213, the second electrode terminal 1213 is electrically connected to the end cover 121, and the second electrode terminal 1213 protrudes from the end cover. 121 is the side away from the electrode assembly 13 .
  • the second electrode terminal 1213 may be formed independently and connected to the end cover 121 .
  • the second electrode terminal 1213 can also be integrally formed with the end cap 121 , that is, a convex portion is formed on the side of the end cap 121 facing away from the electrode assembly 13 by injection molding, stamping, etc., and the convex portion is used as the second electrode terminal 1213 .
  • the protruding second electrode terminal 1213 By setting the protruding second electrode terminal 1213 on the side of the end cover 121 facing away from the electrode assembly 13, it is easy to clarify the connection position between the end cover 121 and the bus component, and it is convenient to connect the bus component to the second electrode terminal 1213 to realize the input of electric energy and output.
  • the insulator 17 is used to isolate the current collector 15 from the housing 11 .
  • an annular groove is formed on the side wall 112 of the housing 11, and the edge of the end cover 121 is embedded in the annular groove on the side wall 112, so that the end cover 121 is connected to the housing 11, and the first insulating member 16 Cover the edge of the end cap 121 to insulate and isolate the end cap 121 from the inner wall of the annular groove.
  • the first insulating member 16 covers the edge of the end cap 121, which means that the first insulating member 16 covers the outer peripheral surface of the end cap 121, and at the same time, the two ends of the first insulating member 16 respectively extend along the radial direction R to form two annular parts, one
  • the ring part covers the side of the end cap 121 facing away from the electrode assembly 13
  • the other ring part covers the side of the end cap 121 facing the electrode assembly 13 .
  • the end cover 121 presses the first insulator 16 into the annular groove, so as to realize the sealing between the casing 11 and the end cover 121 .
  • the second insulator 17 is located between the current collector 15 and the bottom wall 113 of the casing 11 to prevent the current collector 15 from conducting with the bottom wall 113 .
  • the edge of the second insulating member 17 is turned over and extends along the axial direction P of the electrode assembly 13 to isolate the outer peripheral surface of the electrode assembly 13 from the side wall 112 .
  • the housing 11 is not charged, reducing the risk of short circuit.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery 100 , including the aforementioned battery cell 1 .
  • the battery 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application only needs to provide a confluence component at one end of the battery cell 1 , the overall structure is simple and compact, and the energy density of the battery 100 is high.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electric device, including the aforementioned battery 100 .
  • the battery 100 used in the electrical equipment provided by the present application has a simple and compact structure and high energy density, which is conducive to the miniaturization of the electrical equipment and the addition of other functional components without increasing the volume of the electrical equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a battery cell 1, as shown in FIG. 12 , the preparation method includes:
  • one end of the electrode assembly 13 is formed with a first tab 1311, and the other end is formed with a second tab 1321;
  • the end cover assembly 12 includes an end cover 121 and a first electrode terminal 122, the first electrode terminal 122 is arranged on the end cover 121, and the first electrode terminal 122 and the end cover 121 are insulated from each other;
  • steps S101, S102, and S103 are executed in no particular order, and may also be executed simultaneously.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a preparation device 400 for a battery cell 1.
  • the preparation device 400 includes:
  • the first providing device 410 is used to provide the casing 11, the casing 11 is formed with the opening 111;
  • the second providing device 420 is used to provide the electrode assembly 13, one end of the electrode assembly 13 is formed with a first tab 1311, and the other end is formed with a second tab 1321;
  • the third providing device 430 is used to provide the end cover assembly 12, the end cover assembly 12 includes the end cover 121 and the first electrode terminal 122, the first electrode terminal 122 is arranged on the end cover 121, and the first electrode terminal 122 and the end cover 121 Mutual insulation;
  • the fourth providing device 440 is used for providing the flexible conductive member 14;
  • the assembly device 450 is used to connect one end of the flexible conductive member 14 to the second tab 1321 and weld the other end to the first electrode terminal 122, and place the electrode assembly 13 in the casing 11 so that the first tab 1311 is located One end is close to the opening 111 , and the end where the second tab 1321 is located is away from the opening 111 , and then the end cover 121 is covered on the opening 111 to connect the end cover 121 to the first tab 1311 .
  • the casing 11 includes a side wall 112 and a bottom wall 113 .
  • the side wall 112 surrounds the bottom wall 113 , that is, one end of the side wall 112 connects to the bottom wall 113 , and the other end of the side wall 112 forms an opening 111 .
  • the end cover assembly 12 includes an end cover 121 that covers the opening 111 , and the first insulating member 16 is disposed between the housing 11 and the end cover 121 to make the housing 11 and the end cover 121 insulated and sealed.
  • the electrode assembly 13 is placed in the casing 11, a first tab 1311 is formed at the end of the electrode assembly 13 close to the opening 111, and a second tab 1321 is formed at the end of the electrode assembly 13 away from the opening 111, that is, the electrode assembly 13 is close to the bottom wall
  • One end of 113 forms a second tab 1321
  • the second insulating member 17 is disposed between the second tab 1321 and the bottom wall 113 to insulate and isolate the second tab 1321 from the bottom wall 113 .
  • the end cover assembly 12 also includes a first electrode terminal 122, which is insulated from the end cover 121, wherein the end cover 121 is connected to the first tab 1311, and the first electrode terminal 122 is connected to the second electrode through the flexible conductive member 14.
  • the ear 1321 thus the end cap 121 and the first electrode terminal 122 are used to lead out or lead in electric energy, respectively.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备。电池单体包括：壳体，形成有开口；电极组件，置于壳体内，电极组件靠近开口的一端形成有第一极耳，电极组件远离开口的一端形成有第二极耳；端盖组件，包括端盖和第一电极端子，端盖盖合于开口并与第一极耳连接，第一电极端子设置于端盖且与端盖相互绝缘；柔性导电件，柔性导电件的一端与第二极耳连接，柔性导电件的另一端与第一电极端子连接。本申请的技术方案能够使电池的结构更简单紧凑，易于装配，容错率高，且使电池具有更好的安全性。

Description

电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备 技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备。
背景技术
在追求节能减排的大环境下，电池广泛应用于手机、电脑、电动汽车等用电设备，为用电设备提供电能。随着技术发展，对电池的结构提出了更高要求，电池的结构趋向更简单、更紧凑的方向发展，同时还要求电池具有更好的安全性。
发明内容
本申请旨在提供一种电池单体、电池、用电设备及电池单体的制备方法和设备，以使电池的结构更简单紧凑，同时具有更好的安全性。
第一本申请的实施例是这样实现的：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体，其包括：壳体，形成有开口；电极组件，置于壳体内，电极组件靠近开口的一端形成有第一极耳，电极组件远离开口的一端形成有第二极耳；端盖组件，包括端盖和第一电极端子，端盖盖合于开口并与第一极耳连接，第一电极端子设置于端盖且与端盖相互绝缘；柔性导电件，柔性导电件的一端与第二极耳连接，柔性导电件的另一端与第一电极端子连接。
本申请的技术方案中，第一极耳和第二极耳分别形成在电极组件的两端，有效防止第一极耳和第二极耳搭接短路，通过端盖连接第一极耳，且通过柔性导电件将第二极耳电连接至端盖上的第一电极端子，实现了在电池单体的同一端连接外部汇流部件，换言之，在电池单体的另一端无需设置外部汇流部件，节省了电池单体占用的外部空间，使得电池单体的外部结构更简单紧凑。而电池单体未设置外部汇流部件的一端能够设置为平面，该平面用作电池单体的放置面或安装面时，能够使电池单体保持平稳，缓解电池单体不平稳导致晃动的问题，以免电池单体内部的部件受损，提高电池单体的安全性。从而，本申请的技术方案能够使电池的结构更简单紧凑，同时使电池具有更好的安全性。
另一方面，柔性导电件的长度超过设计长度时，由于柔性导电件自身的柔性特征，其能够折弯，也能保证第二极耳和第一电极端子连接良好，且不影响端盖组件和壳体的装配，因此本申请的技术方案提供的电池还具有易于装配，容错率高的特点。
在本申请的一种实施例中，柔性导电件包括导体和绝缘层，绝缘层包裹于导体，导体的两端伸出绝缘层，以分别连接第二极耳和第一电极端子。
在上述技术方案中，绝缘层隔离导体和电极组件，以防止导体接触电极组件导致短路，提高电池安全性。
在本申请的一种实施例中，电池单体还包括：集流件，集流件位于电极组件远离开口的一端，柔性导电件的一端通过集流件连接第二极耳。
在上述技术方案中，集流件的面积较大，集流件与第二极耳的连接面积大，柔性导电件通过集流件连接第二极耳，提高了连接强度，保证了过流能力，且连接方便。
在本申请的一种实施例中，电极组件具有沿其轴向贯穿的中心孔，柔性导电件穿设于中心孔。
在上述技术方案中，柔性导电件穿设于电极组件的中心孔，不额外占用空间，不降低电池单体的能量密度。
在本申请的一种实施例中，集流件背离电极组件的一面形成有第一凹槽，第一凹槽的底面设置有通孔，柔性导电件穿过通孔连接于第一凹槽的底面。
在上述技术方案中，通过在集流件背离电极组件的一面设置具有通孔的第一凹槽，柔性导电件穿过通孔连接于集流件背离电极组件的一面，柔性导电件和集流件的连接位置在电极组件外部，方便在可视状态下加工连接柔性导电件和集流件，还使得柔性导电件被容纳在第一凹槽内，不占用电池单体的高度方向的空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。进一步地，还能够使柔性导电件不凸出集流件，起到保护柔性导电件和集流件的连接部位的作用，以免磨损或损坏，延长电池的耐久性。
在本申请的一种实施例中，电极组件为卷绕式电极组件且包括第一极片和第二极片，第一极耳形成于第一极片，第二极耳形成于第二极片，电极组件的最内圈极片为第二极片。
第二极片和第二极耳的极性相同，在上述技术方案中，通过将电极组件的最内圈极片设置为第二极片，使得最内圈极片与柔性导电件的极性相同，柔性导电件穿设于中心孔时，有效避免柔性导电件与电极组件接触短路。
在本申请的一种实施例中，至少最内圈的第一极片不形成第一极耳。
在上述技术方案中，通过使至少最内圈的第一极片不形成第一极耳，第一极耳能够远离柔性导电件，第一极耳和柔性导电件为间隔设置，以免第一极耳和柔性导电件搭接短路。
在本申请的一种实施例中，电极组件还包括隔膜，隔膜覆盖电极组件的最内圈极片靠近中心孔的一侧，以隔离柔性导电件和电极组件的最内圈极片。
在上述技术方案中，隔膜位于柔性导电件和最内圈极片之间，起到绝缘隔离的作用，柔性导电件穿过中心孔时不容易摩擦最内圈极片，以免划伤最内圈极片，也防止最内圈极片受摩擦力而起皱。
在本申请的一种实施例中，沿电极组件的轴向，电极组件的最内圈隔膜超出第一极耳，以隔离柔性导电件和第一极耳。
在上述技术方案中，最内圈隔膜超出第一极耳，起到绝缘隔离第一极耳和柔性导电件的作用，防止第一极耳和柔性导电件搭接短路。
在本申请的一种实施例中，壳体包括侧壁和底壁，端盖与侧壁连接且与底壁相对，柔性导电件包括第一段和第二段，第一段设置于侧壁和电极组件之间，第二段设置于端盖和电极组件之间，第一段的一端与第二极耳连接，第一段的另一端与第二段的一端连接，第二段的另一端与第一电极端子连接。
在上述技术方案中，柔性导电件位于电极组件的外部，整体结构简单，相对于需要将柔性导电件从电极组件的中心孔穿过的情况，具有便于连接、加工方便的效果。
在本申请的一种实施例中，集流件背离电极组件的一面形成有第一凹槽，第一段的一端连接于第一凹槽的底面。
在上述技术方案中，通过在集流件背离电极组件的一面形成第一凹槽，第一段的一端能够被容纳在第一凹槽中，不占用电池单体的高度方向的空间，提高电池单体的能量密度。进一步地，还能够使柔性导电件不凸出于集流件，起到保护柔性导电件和集流件的连接部位的作用，以免磨损或损坏，延长电池的耐久性。
在本申请的一种实施例中，第一极耳包括相互间隔的第一部分和第二部分，第二段位于第一部分和第二部分之间。
在上述技术方案中，第一极耳分成间隔设置的两部分，第一部分和第二部分之间的间隔用于容许柔性导电件穿过，使得第一极耳和柔性导电件互不干扰，即第一极耳不容易搭接柔性导电件造成短路，柔性导电件也不遮挡在第一极耳和端盖之间，以免影响第一极耳与端盖焊接，同时柔性导电件还不占用电池单体的高度方向上的空间，不会降低电池单体的能量密度。
在本申请的一种实施例中，电池单体还包括：第一绝缘件，第一绝缘件用于隔离端盖和壳 体；第二绝缘件，第二绝缘件用于隔离集流件和壳体。
在上述技术方案中，通过设置第一绝缘件和第二绝缘件，使得壳体不带电，减小短路风险。
在本申请的一种实施例中，端盖朝向电极组件的一面形成有凸起，凸起与第一极耳焊接。
在上述技术方案中，端盖形成凸起以抵紧第一极耳，以免端盖和第一极耳之间存在间隙导致虚焊，保证端盖和第一极耳连接稳定。
在本申请的一种实施例中，端盖背离电极组件的一面形成有第二凹槽，第二凹槽的位置与凸起的位置对应。
在上述技术方案中，第二凹槽在端盖上标记出与第一极耳连接的焊接位置，并且通过设置第二凹槽使得端盖在凸起处的厚度减薄，以便于热熔连接。
在本申请的一种实施例中，端盖组件还包括第二电极端子，第二电极端子与端盖电连接，第二电极端子凸出端盖背离电极组件的一面。
在上述技术方案中，通过在端盖背离电极组件的一面设置凸出的第二电极端子，以便于将汇流部件连接于第二电极端子。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池，其包括如前所述的电池单体。
本申请提供的电池，仅需要在电池单体的一端设置汇流部件，整体结构简单紧凑，电池的能量密度较高。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，其包括如前所述的电池。
本申请提供的用电设备，其所用的电池结构简单紧凑、能量密度较高，有利于用电设备小型化，或有利于在不增加用电设备体积的情况下增设其他功能部件。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制备方法，其包括：提供壳体，壳体形成有开口；提供电极组件，电极组件的一端形成有第一极耳、另一端形成有第二极耳；提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和第一电极端子，第一电极端子设置于端盖且与端盖相互绝缘；提供柔性导电件；将柔性导电件的一端连接第二极耳、另一端焊接于第一电极端子，将电极组件置于壳体内，使第一极耳所在的一端靠近开口、第二极耳所在的一端远离开口，再将端盖盖合于开口，并将端盖与第一极耳连接。
本申请提供的电池单体的制备方法中，仅需要在电池单体的同一端操作，即可完成第一电极端子和柔性导电件的焊接，端盖和第一极耳的连接，实现在电池单体的同一端完成两个电极的连接，加工方便，生产效率高。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体的制备设备，其包括：第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，壳体形成有开口；第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，电极组件的一端形成有第一极耳、另一端形成有第二极耳；第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，端盖组件包括端盖和第一电极端子，第一电极端子设置于端盖且与端盖相互绝缘；第四提供装置，用于提供柔性导电件；组装装置，用于将柔性导电件的一端连接第二极耳、另一端焊接于第一电极端子，将电极组件置于壳体内，使第一极耳所在的一端靠近开口、第二极耳所在的一端远离开口，再将端盖盖合于开口，并将端盖与第一极耳连接。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1为本申请一实施例提供的车辆的结构意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电池的分解图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的立体图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的分解图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的俯视图；
图6为图5的A-A剖面图；
图7为图6的C部分放大图；
图8为集流件的仰视图；
图9为图5的B-B剖面图；
图10为本申请另一实施例提供的电池单体的剖面图；
图11为本申请另一实施例提供的电极组件的俯视图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的制备方法的流程示意图；
图13为本申请一实施例提供的电池单体的制备设备的示意性框图。
图标：1000-车辆；100-电池；101-箱体；1011-第一箱体部；1012-第二箱体部；1-电池单体；11-壳体；111-开口；112-侧壁；113-底壁；12-端盖组件；121-端盖；1211-凸起；1212-第二凹槽；1213-第二电极端子；122-第一电极端子；123-绝缘密封圈；13-电极组件；13a-中心孔；131-第一极片；1311-第一极耳；13111-第一部分；13112-第二部分；132-第二极片；1321-第二极耳；133-隔膜；14-柔性导电件；141-导体；142-绝缘层；14a-第一段；14b-第二段；15-集流件；151-第一凹槽；152-通孔；16-第一绝缘件；17-第二绝缘件；200-马达；300-控制器；400-制备设备；410-第一提供装置；420-第二提供装置；430-第三提供装置；440-第四提供装置；450-组装装置；P-轴向；R-径向。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
除非另有定义，本申请所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本申请的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同；本申请中在申请的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本申请；本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序或主次关系。
在本申请中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“附接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本申请中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：存在A，同时存在A和B，存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
在本申请的实施例中，相同的附图标记表示相同的部件，并且为了简洁，在不同实施例中， 省略对相同部件的详细说明。应理解，附图示出的本申请实施例中的各种部件的厚度、长宽等尺寸，以及集成装置的整体厚度、长宽等尺寸仅为示例性说明，而不应对本申请构成任何限定。
本申请中出现的“多个”指的是两个以上(包括两个)。
本申请中，电池单体可以包括锂离子二次电池单体、锂离子一次电池单体、锂硫电池单体、钠锂离子电池单体、钠离子电池单体或镁离子电池单体等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请的实施例所提到的电池是指包括一个或多个电池单体以提供更高的电压和容量的单一的物理模块。例如，本申请中所提到的电池可以包括电池模块或电池包等。电池一般包括用于封装一个或多个电池单体的箱体。箱体可以避免液体或其他异物影响电池单体的充电或放电。
电池单体包括电极组件和电解质，电极组件包括正极极片、负极极片和隔离件。电池单体主要依靠金属离子在正极极片和负极极片之间移动来工作。正极极片包括正极集流体和正极活性物质层，正极活性物质层涂覆于正极集流体的表面；正极集流体包括正极集流部和正极极耳，正极集流部涂覆有正极活性物质层，正极极耳未涂覆正极活性物质层。以锂离子电池为例，正极集流体的材料可以为铝，正极活性物质层包括正极活性物质，正极活性物质可以为钴酸锂、磷酸铁锂、三元锂或锰酸锂等。负极极片包括负极集流体和负极活性物质层，负极活性物质层涂覆于负极集流体的表面；负极集流体包括负极集流部和负极极耳，负极集流部涂覆有负极活性物质层，负极极耳未涂覆负极活性物质层。负极集流体的材料可以为铜，负极活性物质层包括负极活性物质，负极活性物质可以为碳或硅等。隔离件的材质可以为PP(polypropylene，聚丙烯)或PE(polyethylene，聚乙烯)等。
电池单体还包括壳体和端盖组件，壳体是用于容纳电极组件、电解质等功能部件的部件，端盖组件是指盖合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。
电池单体还包括电极引出部，电极引出部一般设置于壳体和/或端盖组件，电极引出部包括正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部，正极电极引出部连接正极极耳，负极电极引出部连接负极极耳，用于将电能输出或输入。
在电池中，还包括汇流部件，汇流部件用于连接电池单体的电极引出部。多个电池单体通过汇流部件实现电连接，以实现多个电池单体的并联、串联或混联。
在追求节能减排的大环境下，电池广泛应用于手机、电脑、电动汽车等用电设备，随着技术发展，用电设备具有往小型化改进的趋势，这就对电池的结构提出了更高要求，电池的结构趋向更简单、更紧凑的方向发展，同时还要求电池具有更好的安全性。
发明人发现，电池中，主要是电池单体占用的空间较多，然而电池单体的内部结构已经非常紧凑，难以进一步缩减电池单体的体积，考虑简化电池单体的外部结构，例如电池单体的正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部往往分设在电池单体的高度方向的两个相对的表面，那么就需要在电池单体的两端均设置汇流部件来连接正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部，这导致沿垂直于这两个相对表面的方向，电池的高度较大，而如果将正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部设置在外壳组件的同一侧，则两个汇流部件能够设置在电池单体的同一侧，从而缩减电池的高度，使得电池的结构更简单、更紧凑。
然而，出于安全性的考虑，电极组件的正极极耳和负极极耳需要分设在电极组件的相对两侧，以免正极极耳、负极极耳变形搭接导致短路。并且从生产加工考虑，电极组件的正极极耳和负极极耳如果设置在同一侧，还需要保证正极极耳和负极极耳的位置错开，这对正极极耳在正极极片上的位置分布精度和负极极耳在负极极片上的位置分布精度提出了更高要求，提高了加工难度和生产成本。基于上述情况，在电池单体的同一侧设置正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部的目的难以实现，难以简化电池单体的结构，进而难以使电池的结构更简单、更紧凑。
鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种技术方案，电池单体包括壳体、端盖组件、电极组件和柔性导电件，壳体具有开口，端盖组件包括端盖和绝缘设置于端盖的第一电极端子，端盖盖合于开口，电极组件设置在壳体内，且电极组件靠近开口的一端形成第一极耳，电极组件远离开口的一端形成第二极耳，其中，端盖与第一极耳连接，柔性导电件的两端分别连接第二极耳和第一电极端子。
上述方案中，第一极耳和第二极耳可设置为相反极性，也即第一极耳和第二极耳中的一个为正极极耳、另一个为负极极耳，第一极耳和第二极耳分别设置在电极组件的两端，没有提高极耳的位置精度，加工难度和生产成本没有增加，还避免了第二极耳和第一极耳相互搭接短路，同时，将端盖和第一电极端子分别作为正极电极引出部和负极电极引出部，端盖连接第一极耳，第一电极端子通过柔性导电件连接至第二极耳，从而在第一极耳、第二极耳分设在电极组件的两端的情况下，实现在电池单体的同一侧输入和输出电流目的，使得电池单体的结构简单紧凑，并能够在电池单体的同一侧连接汇流部件，节省了电池单体和汇流部件占用的外部空间，使得电池的结构更简单、更紧凑。
另外，电池单体未设置电极引出部的一端能够设置为平面，该平面用作电池单体的放置面或安装面时，能够使电池单体保持平稳，缓解电池单体不平稳导致晃动的问题，以免电池单体晃动导致内部的部件受损，提高了电池单体的安全性。
从生产装配方面来看，柔性导电件具有较高的容错率。例如，假设通过刚性导电结构连接第一电极端子和第二极耳，刚性导电结构的长度需要在较为精确的范围内，长度较大容易导致端盖和壳体装配不良，进而容易出现漏液的问题，长度较小时刚性导电结构与端盖或第二极耳存在间隙，容易出现电连接不良，因此刚性导电结构需要较高的精度要求，生产成本高。而本方案中第一电极端子和第二极耳通过柔性导电件连接，只要柔性导电件的长度大于或等于第一电极端子和第二极耳之间的距离，就能够实现第一电极端子和第二极耳电连接，也不影响端盖和壳体装配，因此本申请的技术方案，其制造精度要求低，容错率高，装配方便，生产成本低。
本申请实施例描述的技术方案适用于电池以及使用电池的用电设备。
用电设备可以是车辆、手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、轮船、航天器、电动玩具和电动工具等等。车辆可以是燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等；航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等等；电动玩具包括固定式或移动式的电动玩具，例如，游戏机、电动汽车玩具、电动轮船玩具和电动飞机玩具等等；电动工具包括金属切削电动工具、研磨电动工具、装配电动工具和铁道用电动工具，例如，电钻、电动砂轮机、电动扳手、电动螺丝刀、电锤、冲击电钻、混凝土振动器和电刨等等。本申请实施例对上述用电设备不做特殊限制。
以下实施例为了方便说明，以用电设备为车辆为例进行说明。
如图1所示，图示出了本申请一种实施例的一种车辆1000，车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000的内部可以设置电池100、控制器300以及马达200，控制器300用来控制电池100为马达200的供电。例如，在车辆1000的底部或车头或车尾可以设置电池100。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，用于车辆1000的电路系统，例如，用于车辆1000的启动、导航和运行时的工作用电需求。在本申请的另一实施例中，电池100不仅仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，替代或部分地替代燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，如图2所示，电池100可以包括多个电池单体1，其中，多个电池单体1之间串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。电池100也可以称为电池包。可选地，多个电池单体1可以先串联、并联或混联组成电池模块，多个电池模块再串联或并联或混联组成电池100。也就是说，多个电池单体1可以直接组成电池100，也可以先组成电池模块，电池模块再组成电池100。
电池100还可以包括箱体101(或称罩体)，箱体101内部为中空结构，多个电池单体1容纳于箱体101内。箱体101可以包括两个用于容纳的部分(可参照图2)，这里分别称为第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012扣合在一起。第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012的形状可以根据多个电池单体1组合的形状而定，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012可以均具有一个开口。例如，第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012均可以为中空长方体且各自只有一个面为开口面，第一箱体部1011的开口和第二箱体部1012的开口相对设置，并且第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012相互扣合形成具有封闭腔室的箱体101。第一箱体部1011和第二 箱体部1012中，也可以一者为具有开口的长方体，另一者为盖板结构以封闭长方体的开口。多个电池单体1相互并联或串联或混联组合后置于第一箱体部1011和第二箱体部1012扣合后形成的箱体101内。
电池100还包括汇流部件(图2中未示出)，汇流部件用于实现多个电池单体1之间的电连接，例如并联或串联或混联。具体地，汇流部件可通过连接电池单体1的电极引出部实现电池单体1之间的电连接。进一步地，汇流部件可通过焊接固定于电池单体1的电极引出部。多个电池单体1的电能可进一步通过导电机构穿过箱体101而引出。可选地，导电机构也可属于汇流部件。
下面针对任意一个电池单体1进行详细描述，如图3、图4和图5所示，电池单体1包括壳体11、端盖组件12、电极组件13和柔性导电件14。壳体11形成有开口111，电极组件13置于壳体11内，电极组件13靠近开口111的一端形成有第一极耳1311，电极组件13远离开口111的一端形成有第二极耳1321，端盖组件12包括端盖121和第一电极端子122，端盖121盖合于开口111并与第一极耳1311连接，第一电极端子122设置于端盖121且与端盖121相互绝缘，柔性导电件14的一端与第二极耳1321连接，柔性导电件14的另一端与第一电极端子122连接。
如图6所示，电极组件13包括第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件，隔离件用于将第一极片131和第二极片132隔开，三者交叉层叠或层叠后卷绕形成电极组件13。第一极片131上未涂覆活性物质层的部分从电极组件13的一端伸出形成第一极耳1311，第二极片132上未涂覆活性物质层的部分从电极组件13的另一端伸出形成第二极耳1321，以便通过第一极耳1311和第二极耳1321向电极组件13充放电。其中，第一极片131和第二极片132中的一者为正极极耳，另一者为负极极耳。本实施例中，第一极片131被配置为负极极片，第一极耳1311为负极极耳，第二极片132被配置为正极极片，第二极耳1321为负极极耳。
为便于电连接，可以对第一极耳1311和第二极耳1321分别进行处理，以减小第一极耳1311的层间缝隙和第二极耳1321的层间缝隙。例如，本申请实施例可对第一极耳1311进行揉平处理，以使第一极耳1311的远离主体部的端部区域收拢、集合在一起；揉平处理在第一极耳1311远离主体部的一端形成致密的端面，减小极耳层间的缝隙，便于第一极耳1311与第一电极引出部连接。可替代地，本申请实施例也可以在相邻的两圈极耳层之间填充导电材料，以减小极耳层间的缝隙。同理地，第二极耳1321也经过了揉平处理或填充导电材料，以减小第二极耳1321的极耳层间的缝隙。
壳体11是用于容纳电极组件13、电解质等功能部件的部件，壳体11可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。可选地，当外壳为圆柱体时，壳体11为圆柱体的一部分。
端盖121是指盖合于壳体11的开口111处以将电池单体1的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖121的形状可以与壳体11的形状相适应以配合壳体11。可选地，当外壳为圆柱体时，端盖121为圆柱体的另一部分。可选地，端盖121可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质(如铝合金)制成，这样，端盖121在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体1能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。
壳体11和端盖121可以是独立的部件，可以于壳体11上设置开口111，通过在开口111处使端盖121盖合开口111以形成电池单体1的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖121和壳体11一体化，具体地，端盖121和壳体11可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体11的内部时，再使端盖121盖合壳体11。
端盖121和第一电极端子122相互绝缘是指，第一电极端子122绝缘安装于端盖121。结合图4、图5和图6所示，端盖121上设有贯穿孔，第一电极端子122穿设于端盖121上的贯穿孔，第一电极端子122和贯穿孔之间设置绝缘密封圈123，绝缘密封圈123隔离第一电极端子122的外周面和贯穿孔的孔壁以实现绝缘，绝缘密封圈123过盈设置，第一电极端子122的外周面和贯穿孔的孔壁配合以压缩绝缘密封圈123实现密封。
端盖121本身作为一个电极引出部，第一电极端子122作为另一个电极引出部，以实现电池单体1内外电连接，起到输出和输入电能的作用。端盖121与第一极耳1311可以是接触导电、焊 接导电或粘接导电，端盖121与第一极耳1311也可以通过其他导电结构连接。
柔性导电件14是指具有柔性、易于弯折的导电结构。柔性导电件14的两端分别连接第二极耳1321和第一电极端子122，柔性导电件14与第二极耳1321可以是焊接导电或粘接导电，或者柔性导电件14与第二极耳1321通过其他导电结构连接；柔性导电件14与端盖121可以是焊接导电或粘接导电，或者柔性导电件14与端盖121通过其他导电结构连接。
通过将第一极耳1311和第二极耳1321分别设置在电极组件13的两端，没有提高极耳的位置精度，加工难度和生产成本没有增加，还有效防止第一极耳1311和第二极耳1321搭接短路，通过端盖121连接第一极耳1311，且通过柔性导电件14将第二极耳1321电连接至端盖121上的第一电极端子122，实现了在电池单体1的同一端连接外部汇流部件，换言之，在电池单体1的另一端无需设置外部汇流部件，节省了电池单体1占用的外部空间，使得电池单体1的外部结构更简单紧凑。而电池单体1未设置外部汇流部件的一端能够设置为平面，该平面用作电池单体1的放置面或安装面时，能够使电池单体1保持平稳，缓解电池单体1不平稳导致晃动的问题，以免电池单体1内部的部件受损，提高电池单体1的安全性。从而，本申请的技术方案能够使电池100的结构更简单紧凑，同时使电池100具有更好的安全性。
从生产装配方面来看，柔性导电件14具有较高的容错率，只要柔性导电件14的长度大于或等于第一电极端子122和第二极耳1321之间的距离，就能够实现第一电极端子122和第二极耳1321电连接，不容易出现柔性导电件14与第一电极端子122、第二极耳1321连接不良的情况，柔性导电件14的长度还不影响端盖121和壳体11装配，不会导致端盖121和壳体11装配不到位，电池单体1不容易漏液，还不会导致端盖121和第一极耳1311之间出现间隙，保证端盖121和第一极耳1311电连接良好。
因此，整体而言，本申请的技术方案，对制造精度要求低，容错率高，装配方便，生产成本低，并且电连接稳定。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图7所示，柔性导电件14包括导体141和绝缘层142，绝缘层142包裹于导体141，导体141的两端伸出绝缘层142，以分别连接第二极耳1321和第一电极端子122。
导体141可以是导电的金属材料制成的线状结构，例如铜线、铝线、银线等，或者由金属材料制成的线状结构与其他材料的线状结构编织形成；也可以是由导电材料和其他高分子材料复合形成柔性导电材料。
绝缘层142可以是采用绝缘材料制成的筒状结构，筒状结构独立成型后套设在导体141的外周，以实现包裹导体141；或者，绝缘层142由片状的绝缘材料围绕导体141成型；或者，绝缘层142由液态的绝缘材料涂覆在导体141的外周面后凝固成型。
绝缘层142仅覆盖导体141的中段，使导体141的两端露出绝缘层142，换言之，导体141包括中段和位于中段两端的两个端部，其中中段被绝缘层142覆盖，导体141的两端分别连接第一电极端子122和第二极耳1321。
导体141的中段需经过电极组件13，通过利用绝缘层142覆盖导体141的中段，起到隔离导体141的中段和电极组件13的作用，以防止导体141的中段接触电极组件13导致短路，提高电池100安全性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图4和图6所示，电池单体1还包括集流件15，集流件15位于电极组件13远离开口111的一端，柔性导电件14的一端通过集流件15连接第二极耳1321。
集流件15是用于将电池单体1的第二极耳1321和柔性导电件14连接的部件，通过集流件15和柔性导电件14，实现将电能从电极组件13输送至第一电极端子122。
通过设置集流件15，集流件15的面积较大，集流件15至少能够覆盖第二极耳1321的部分端面，以增大柔性导电件14与第二极耳1321的电连接面积，提高过流能力，及提高柔性导电件14与第二极耳1321的电连接可靠性。通过设置集流件15，还方便柔性导电件14与第二极耳1321电连接，提高了连接效率。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图4和图6所示，电极组件13具有沿其轴向P贯穿的中心孔13a，柔性导电件14穿设于中心孔13a。
第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件均为带状结构，第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件绕同一中心轴线卷绕为一体并形成卷绕结构。卷绕结构可以为圆柱状结构、扁平状结构或其它形状的结构。卷绕时，第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件绕一卷针卷绕成型，卷针抽出后，在电极组件13的中心轴线处形成沿电极组件13的轴向P贯穿的中心孔13a。本申请中所说的电极组件13的轴向P是指电极组件13的中心轴线的延伸方向。电极组件13的径向R是指垂直于轴向P的方向。
通过将柔性导电件14穿设于电极组件13的中心孔13a，不额外占用空间，不降低电池单体1的能量密度。
根据本申请的一些实施例，结合图7和图8所示，集流件15背离电极组件13的一面形成有第一凹槽151，第一凹槽151的底面设置有通孔152，柔性导电件14穿过通孔152连接于第一凹槽151的底面。
集流件15为平板状结构，集流件15覆盖于第二极耳1321的端面，集流件15与电极组件13的中心孔13a对应的位置形成通孔152，且该通孔152位于第一凹槽151的底面。
从而，柔性导电件14的一端穿过通孔152连接于集流件15背离电极组件13的一面，即柔性导电件14和集流件15的连接位置在电极组件13的外部，方便在可视状态下加工连接柔性导电件14和集流件15，并且还使得柔性导电件14被容纳在第一凹槽151内，不占用电池单体1的高度方向的空间，提高电池单体1的能量密度。进一步地，还能够使柔性导电件14不凸出集流件15，起到保护柔性导电件14和集流件15的连接部位的作用，以免磨损或损坏，延长电池100的耐久性。
第一凹槽151的形状有多种，例如圆形、矩形、六边形、条形等，本申请中不限制第一凹槽151的形状。如图7和图8所示，第一凹槽151为圆形，集流件15与中心孔13a对应的部位朝向中心孔13a内凸出形成圆柱形的凸部，并在集流件15背离电极组件13的一面形成圆形的第一凹槽151。集流件15的圆柱形凸部伸入中心孔13a，以限制集流件15沿径向R移动，以免拉裂第二极耳1321、拉裂柔性导电件14，还保证第一凹槽151的底面的通孔152与中心孔13a对应，便于装配柔性导电件14。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6和图9所示，电极组件13为卷绕式电极组件13且包括第一极片131和第二极片132，第一极耳1311形成于第一极片131，第二极耳1321形成于第二极片132，电极组件13的最内圈极片为第二极片132。
如前所述，第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件均为带状结构，第一极片131、第二极片132和隔离件绕同一中心轴线卷绕为一体，通过将第二极片132的卷绕起始端伸长，使得第二极片132的卷绕起始端超出第一极片131的卷绕起始端，因此第二极片132卷绕至少一圈以后，第一极片131才与第二极片132同步卷绕，从而电极组件13的最内圈极片为第二极片132。
通过将电极组件13的最内圈极片设置为第二极片132，电极组件13的中心孔13a的内壁由第二极片132构成，由于第二极片132的极性与柔性导电件14的极性相同，柔性导电件14穿设于中心孔13a时，即使柔性导电件14接触中心孔13a的内壁(即第二极片132)也不会出现短路现象，有效避免柔性导电件14与电极组件13接触短路。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6和图9所示，至少最内圈的第一极片131不形成第一极耳1311。
第一极片131绕中心轴线卷绕后形成多圈，其中最靠近中心孔13a的一圈为最内圈的第一极片131。
至少最内圈的第一极片131不形成第一极耳1311，是指最内圈的第一极片131不形成第一极耳1311，或者从第一极片131的最内圈开始沿径向R由内向外的n圈第一极片131均不形成第一极耳1311，其中2＜n＜第一极片131的总圈数。
通过使至少最内圈的第一极片131不形成第一极耳1311，第一极耳1311和柔性导电件14相互间隔，使得第一极耳1311能够远离柔性导电件14，以免第一极耳1311和柔性导电件14搭接短路。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6和图9所示，电极组件13还包括隔膜133，隔膜133覆盖电极组件13的最内圈极片靠近中心孔13a的一侧，以隔离柔性导电件14和电极组件13的最内圈极片。
隔膜133覆盖电极组件13的最内圈极片靠近中心孔13a一侧，也即，电极组件13的中心孔13a的内壁被隔膜133覆盖，隔膜133位于柔性导电件14和最内圈极片之间，起到绝缘隔离的作用。
柔性导电件14穿过中心孔13a时不容易摩擦最内圈极片，以免划伤最内圈极片，也防止最内圈极片受摩擦力而起皱。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6和图9所示，沿电极组件13的轴向P，电极组件13的最内圈隔膜133超出第一极耳1311，以隔离柔性导电件14和第一极耳1311。
隔膜133绕中心轴线卷绕后形成多圈，其中最靠近中心孔13a的一圈为最内圈隔膜133。如图6中，最内圈的第一极片131和柔性导电件14之间具有包括最内圈隔膜133在内的一圈或多圈隔膜133。
通过将第一极片131和柔性导电件14之间的隔膜133的面向端盖121的一端延长，使其超出第一极耳1311，起到绝缘隔离第一极耳1311和柔性导电件14的作用，防止第一极耳1311变形时搭接柔性导电件14导致短路。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图4所示，壳体11包括侧壁112和底壁113，端盖121与侧壁112连接且与底壁113相对。电极组件13具有第一极耳1311的一端面向端盖121，电极组件13具有第二极耳1321的一端面向底壁113，电极组件13的外周面面向侧壁112。
在本申请的另一实施例中，柔性导电件14也可以被配置为从侧壁112和电极组件13之间穿过并连接第一电极端子122。
如图10所示，柔性导电件14包括第一段14a和第二段14b，第一段14a设置于侧壁112和电极组件13之间，第二段14b设置于端盖121和电极组件13之间，第一段14a的一端与第二极耳1321连接，第一段14a的另一端与第二段14b的一端连接，第二段14b的另一端与第一电极端子122连接。
也就是说，第一段14a的一端与第二极耳1321电连接，第一段14a的另一端穿过电极组件13的外周面和侧壁112之间，并连接第二段14b的一端，第二段14b的另一端沿平行于端盖121的方向延伸并连接第一电极端子122。
通过上述设置，柔性导电件14位于电极组件13的外部，整体结构简单，便于连接，无需穿过电极组件13内部，加工方便。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图10所示，集流件15背离电极组件13的一面形成有第一凹槽151，第一段14a的一端连接于第一凹槽151的底面。
集流件15为平板状结构，集流件15覆盖于第二极耳1321的端面，第一凹槽151由集流件15的边缘向中部延伸，以便于第一段14a的一端进入第一凹槽151。
第一凹槽151的形状有多种，例如圆形、矩形、六边形、条形等，本申请中不限制第一凹槽151的形状。本实施例中，第一凹槽151为条形。在其他实施例中，第一凹槽151为圆形或多边形，第一段14a的一端盘绕在第一凹槽151中，以增大第一段14a与集流盘的连接长度，提高连接稳定性。
通过在集流件15背离电极组件13的一面形成第一凹槽151，第一段14a的一端能够被容纳在第一凹槽151中，不占用电池单体1的高度方向的空间，提高电池单体1的能量密度。进一步 地，还能够使而不凸出于集流件15，起到保护柔性导电件14和集流件15的连接部位的作用，以免磨损或损坏，延长电池100的耐久性。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图11所示，第一极耳1311包括相互间隔的第一部分13111和第二部分13112，第二段14b位于第一部分13111和第二部分13112之间。
第一极片131展开时，第一极耳1311并非沿整条第一极片131设置，而是沿第一极片131的延伸方向被分成多个间隔的子极耳，当第一极片131绕中心轴线卷绕成型后，一部分子极耳沿径向R依次层叠形成第一部分13111，另一部分子极耳依次层叠形成第二部分13112，第一部分13111的轮廓与第二部分13112的轮廓不相交，使得第一部分13111和第二部分13112之间形成间隔区，间隔区由电极组件13面向端盖121的一面的边缘向中部延伸，以便第二段14b进入第一部分13111和第二部分13112之间的间隔区，从而能够与端盖121上的第一电极端子122位置对应并连接。
通过将第一极耳1311分成间隔设置的两部分，第一部分13111和第二部分13112之间的间隔用于容许柔性导电件14穿过，使得第一极耳1311和柔性导电件14互不干扰，即第一极耳1311不容易搭接柔性导电件14造成短路，柔性导电件14也不遮挡在第一极耳1311和端盖121之间，以免影响第一极耳1311与端盖121焊接，同时柔性导电件14还不占用电池单体1的高度方向上的空间，不会降低电池单体1的能量密度。这里所说的电池单体1的高度方向是指电极组件13的轴向P。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6所示，端盖121朝向电极组件13的一面形成有凸起1211，凸起1211与第一极耳1311焊接。
无论柔性导电件14穿设于电极组件13的中心孔13a，还是穿过侧壁112和电极组件13之间，端盖121面向电极组件13的一面均可设置凸起1211，凸起1211与柔性导电件14的位置错开。
通过在端盖121朝向电极组件13的一面形成凸起1211，利用该凸起1211抵紧第一极耳1311，保证凸起1211和第一极耳1311全面接触，以免端盖121和第一极耳1311之间存在间隙导致虚焊，保证端盖121和第一极耳1311连接稳定，过流能力稳定。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图6所示，端盖121背离电极组件13的一面形成有第二凹槽1212，第二凹槽1212的位置与凸起1211的位置对应。
通过冲压或模注成型等方式，使得端盖121局部变形，从而同时在端盖121的一面形成凸起1211、另一面形成第二凹槽1212。或者，凸起1211与端盖121一体成型，通过从端盖121背离电极组件13的一面切削、打磨的方式挖空凸起1211，从而形成第二凹槽1212。
通过设置第二凹槽1212，第二凹槽1212在端盖121上标记出与第一极耳1311连接的焊接位置，便于焊接操作，并且通过设置第二凹槽1212使得端盖121在凸起1211处的厚度减薄，也即第二凹槽1212的底部减薄，减薄后易于热熔，以便于凸起1211和第二极耳1321穿透焊接。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图9和图10所示，端盖组件12还包括第二电极端子1213，第二电极端子1213与端盖121电连接，第二电极端子1213凸出端盖121背离电极组件13的一面。
第二电极端子1213可以是独立成型后连接于端盖121。第二电极端子1213也可以与端盖121一体成型，即通过模注成型、冲压等方式在端盖121背离电极组件13的一面形成凸部，以该凸部作为第二电极端子1213。
通过在端盖121背离电极组件13的一面设置凸出的第二电极端子1213，以便于明确端盖121和汇流部件的连接位置，方便将汇流部件连接于第二电极端子1213，实现电能的输入和输出。
根据本申请的一些实施例，如图10所示，电池单体1还包括第一绝缘件16和第二绝缘件17，第一绝缘件16用于隔离端盖121和壳体11，第二绝缘件17用于隔离集流件15和壳体11。
如图10所示，壳体11的侧壁112上形成环形槽，端盖121的边缘嵌设于侧壁112上的环 形槽，以使端盖121连接于壳体11，第一绝缘件16包覆在端盖121的边缘，以绝缘隔离端盖121和环形槽的内壁。第一绝缘件16包覆端盖121的边缘是指，第一绝缘件16覆盖端盖121的外周面，同时第一绝缘件16的两端分别沿径向R延伸形成两个环形部分，一个环形部分覆盖端盖121背离电极组件13的一面，另一个环形部分覆盖端盖121面向电极组件13的一面。端盖121将第一绝缘件16压紧在环形槽中，实现壳体11和端盖121密封。
如图10所示，第二绝缘件17位于集流件15和壳体11的底壁113之间，以免集流件15与底壁113导通。在一些实施例中，第二绝缘件17的边缘翻折并沿电极组件13的轴向P延伸，以隔离电极组件13的外周面和侧壁112。
通过设置第一绝缘件16和第二绝缘件17，使得壳体11不带电，减小短路风险。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池100，包括如前所述的电池单体1。
本申请实施例提供的电池100，仅需要在电池单体1的一端设置汇流部件，整体结构简单紧凑，电池100的能量密度较高。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种用电设备，包括如前所述的电池100。
本申请提供的用电设备所用的电池100结构简单紧凑、能量密度较高，有利于用电设备小型化，还有利于在不增加用电设备体积的情况下增设其他功能部件。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体1的制备方法，如图12所示，制备方法包括：
S101、提供壳体11，壳体11形成有开口111；
S102、提供电极组件13，电极组件13的一端形成有第一极耳1311、另一端形成有第二极耳1321；
S103、提供端盖组件12，端盖组件12包括端盖121和第一电极端子122，第一电极端子122设置于端盖121，且第一电极端子122与端盖121相互绝缘；
S104、提供柔性导电件14；
S105、将柔性导电件14的一端连接第二极耳1321、另一端焊接于第一电极端子122；将电极组件13置于壳体11内，使第一极耳1311所在的一端靠近开口111、第二极耳1321所在的一端远离开口111，再将端盖121盖合于开口111，并将端盖121与第一极耳1311连接。
需要说明的是，通过上述电池单体1的制造方法制造出的电池单体1的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池单体1。
在基于上述的电池单体1的制造方法组装电池单体1时，不必按照上述步骤依次进行，也就是说，可以按照实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，也可以不同于实施例中提及的顺序执行步骤，或者若干步骤同时执行。例如，步骤S101、S102、S103的执行不分先后，也可以同时进行。
本申请提供的电池单体1的制备方法中，仅需要在电池单体1的同一端操作，即可完成第一电极端子122和柔性导电件14的焊接，端盖121和第一极耳1311的连接，实现在电池单体1的同一端完成两个电极的连接，加工方便，生产效率高。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种电池单体1的制备设备400，如图13所示，制备设备400包括：
第一提供装置410，用于提供壳体11，壳体11形成有开口111；
第二提供装置420，用于提供电极组件13，电极组件13的一端形成有第一极耳1311、另一端形成有第二极耳1321；
第三提供装置430，用于提供端盖组件12，端盖组件12包括端盖121和第一电极端子122，第一电极端子122设置于端盖121，且第一电极端子122与端盖121相互绝缘；
第四提供装置440，用于提供柔性导电件14；
组装装置450，用于将柔性导电件14的一端连接第二极耳1321、另一端焊接于第一电极端子122，并将电极组件13置于壳体11内，使第一极耳1311所在的一端靠近开口111、第二极耳1321所在的一端远离开口111，再将端盖121盖合于开口111，使端盖121与第一极耳1311连接。
通过上述制备设备400制造出的电池单体1的相关结构，可参见上述各实施例提供的电池单体1。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
根据本申请的一些实施例，请参照图3-图9所示，本申请实施例提供一种圆柱形电池单体1，电池单体1包括壳体11、端盖组件12、电极组件13和柔性导电件14，及第一绝缘件16和第二绝缘件17。壳体11包括侧壁112和底壁113，侧壁112围设于底壁113，也即侧壁112的一端连接底壁113，侧壁112的另一端形成开口111。端盖组件12包括端盖121，端盖121盖合于开口111，第一绝缘件16设置在壳体11和端盖121之间，以使壳体11和端盖121绝缘密封连接。电极组件13置于壳体11内，电极组件13靠近开口111的一端形成有第一极耳1311，电极组件13远离开口111的一端形成有第二极耳1321，也即电极组件13靠近底壁113的一端形成第二极耳1321，第二绝缘件17设置在第二极耳1321和底壁113之间，以绝缘隔离第二极耳1321和底壁113。端盖组件12还包括第一电极端子122，第一电极端子122绝缘设置于端盖121，其中端盖121连接第一极耳1311，第一电极端子122通过柔性导电件14连接于第二极耳1321，从而端盖121和第一电极端子122分别用于引出或引入电能。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种电池单体，其中，包括：
    壳体，形成有开口；
    电极组件，置于所述壳体内，所述电极组件靠近所述开口的一端形成有第一极耳，所述电极组件远离所述开口的一端形成有第二极耳；
    端盖组件，包括端盖和第一电极端子，所述端盖盖合于所述开口并与所述第一极耳连接，所述第一电极端子设置于所述端盖且与所述端盖相互绝缘；
    柔性导电件，所述柔性导电件的一端与所述第二极耳连接，所述柔性导电件的另一端与所述第一电极端子连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池单体，其中，所述柔性导电件包括导体和绝缘层，所述绝缘层包裹于所述导体，所述导体的两端伸出所述绝缘层，以分别连接所述第二极耳和所述第一电极端子。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    集流件，所述集流件位于所述电极组件远离所述开口的一端，所述柔性导电件的一端通过所述集流件连接所述第二极耳。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件具有沿其轴向贯穿的中心孔，所述柔性导电件穿设于所述中心孔。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池单体，其中，所述集流件背离所述电极组件的一面形成有第一凹槽，所述第一凹槽的底面设置有通孔，所述柔性导电件穿过所述通孔连接于所述第一凹槽的底面。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件为卷绕式电极组件且包括第一极片和第二极片，所述第一极耳形成于所述第一极片，所述第二极耳形成于所述第二极片，所述电极组件的最内圈极片为所述第二极片。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池单体，其中，至少最内圈的所述第一极片不形成所述第一极耳。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电池单体，其中，所述电极组件还包括隔膜，所述隔膜覆盖所述电极组件的最内圈极片靠近所述中心孔的一侧，以隔离所述柔性导电件和所述电极组件的最内圈极片。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池单体，其中，沿所述电极组件的轴向，所述电极组件的最内圈隔膜超出所述第一极耳，以隔离所述柔性导电件和所述第一极耳。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的电池单体，其中，所述壳体包括侧壁和底壁，所述端盖与所述侧壁连接且与所述底壁相对，所述柔性导电件包括第一段和第二段，所述第一段设置于所述侧壁和所述电极组件之间，所述第二段设置于所述端盖和所述电极组件之间，所述第一段的一端与所述第二极耳连接，所述第一段的另一端与所述第二段的一端连接，所述第二段的另一端与所述第一电极端子连接。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的电池单体，其中，所述集流件背离所述电极组件的一面形成有第一凹槽，所述第一段的一端连接于所述第一凹槽的底面。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的电池单体，其中，所述第一极耳包括相互间隔的第一部分和第二部分，所述第二段位于所述第一部分和所述第二部分之间。
  13. 根据权利要求3-12任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述电池单体还包括：
    第一绝缘件，所述第一绝缘件用于隔离所述端盖和所述壳体；
    第二绝缘件，所述第二绝缘件用于隔离所述集流件和所述壳体。
  14. 根据权利要求1-13任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖朝向所述电极组件的一面形成有凸起，所述凸起与所述第一极耳焊接。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖背离所述电极组件的一面形成有第二凹槽，所述第二凹槽的位置与所述凸起的位置对应。
  16. 根据权利要求1-15任一项所述的电池单体，其中，所述端盖组件还包括第二电极端子，所述第二电极端子与所述端盖电连接，所述第二电极端子凸出所述端盖背离所述电极组件的一面。
  17. 一种电池，其中，包括如权利要求1-16任一项所述的电池单体。
  18. 一种用电设备，其中，包括权利要求17所述的电池。
  19. 一种电池单体的制备方法，其中，包括：
    提供壳体，所述壳体形成有开口；
    提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一端形成有第一极耳、另一端形成有第二极耳；
    提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括端盖和第一电极端子，所述第一电极端子设置于所述端盖且与所述端盖相互绝缘；
    提供柔性导电件；
    将所述柔性导电件的一端连接所述第二极耳、另一端焊接于所述第一电极端子，将所述电极组件置于所述壳体内，使所述第一极耳所在的一端靠近所述开口、所述第二极耳所在的一端远离所述开口，再将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并将所述端盖与所述第一极耳连接。
  20. 一种电池单体的制备设备，其中，包括：
    第一提供装置，用于提供壳体，所述壳体形成有开口；
    第二提供装置，用于提供电极组件，所述电极组件的一端形成有第一极耳、另一端形成有第二极耳；
    第三提供装置，用于提供端盖组件，所述端盖组件包括端盖和第一电极端子，所述第一电极端子设置于所述端盖且与所述端盖相互绝缘；
    第四提供装置，用于提供柔性导电件；
    组装装置，用于将所述柔性导电件的一端连接所述第二极耳、另一端焊接于所述第一电极端子，将所述电极组件置于所述壳体内，使所述第一极耳所在的一端靠近所述开口、所述第二极耳所在的一端远离所述开口，再将所述端盖盖合于所述开口，并将所述端盖与所述第一极耳连接。
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