WO2023124870A1 - Horizontal well cuttings bed processing method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are a horizontal well cuttings bed processing method and device. The method comprises: predicting, according to horizontal well drilling engineering information, distribution patterns of cuttings beds in the whole drilling process; determining a cuttings bed height risk level for each well section; and outputting an associated cuttings bed removal solution for the well section. The present invention can improve the accuracy and efficiency of processing horizontal well cuttings beds, and effectively solves the problem of cuttings bed accumulation for horizontal wells.

Description

Horizontal well cuttings bed treatment method and device

related application

This application claims the priority of the Chinese invention patent submitted on December 31, 2021 with the application number 202111679784.1 and the patent name "Method and Device for Treating Cuttings Bed in Horizontal Well". All the contents of this patent are hereby fully incorporated.

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a method and a device for treating a cuttings bed of a horizontal well.

Background technique

At present, the increasing difficulty of exploration and development has prompted the emergence and development of new cobalt well technologies and processes. Horizontal well drilling technology is favored by the drilling industry for its high reservoir discovery rate, high production capacity and low "cost per ton of oil". The proportion of wells completed using this method is increasing year by year, especially with the successful application in unconventional reservoirs such as fractured reservoirs, thin reservoirs and low permeability reservoirs, the production degree of these reservoirs has been greatly improved : At the same time, horizontal well technology also plays a decisive role in increasing production and improving recovery. Its stable production capacity is 2 to 5 times that of vertical wells. It has gradually become an important means of modern oil and gas exploration and development, and has become the main force of oilfield development.

Although horizontal well drilling technology has many advantages, the problem of cuttings migration in the horizontal well section is one of its disadvantages. Poor wellbore purification can lead to serious drilling accidents, so sufficient attention should be paid.

Due to the particularity of the wellbore structure in the horizontal well section (the range of the inclination angle is about 90°), the migration trajectory of cuttings in the horizontal annulus under the comprehensive action of various forces is obviously different from that in the vertical well section. When it is low, cuttings tend to fall on the lower edge of the borehole annulus, and gradually accumulate to form a cuttings bed, which can lead to a series of complex engineering problems.

At present, the conventional cleaning methods include: short tripping drilling tools or long-distance backsliding holes; increasing drilling fluid displacement; adjusting drilling fluid rheology; increasing drill pipe speed, etc. However, the use of these sand cleaning methods is mostly determined by the experience of on-site workers, and there is no complete cuttings bed cleaning plan.

Contents of this application

The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating cuttings beds in horizontal wells, which is used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings beds in horizontal wells, effectively solve the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells, and improve the development efficiency of horizontal wells. The method include:

According to the drilling engineering information of horizontal wells, predict the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process; the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted accumulation and migration of cuttings beds in each section of the well Condition;

According to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, predict the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section;

Calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the logging data during the drilling process;

According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section;

Determine the cuttings bed height risk level for each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hook load hanging weight;

Associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes;

For each well section, the correction data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for this well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level for this well section are output.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a horizontal well cuttings bed treatment device, which is used to improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of the horizontal well cuttings bed treatment, effectively solve the accumulation problem of the horizontal well cuttings bed, and improve the development efficiency of the horizontal well. Devices include:

The distribution shape prediction module of the cuttings bed is used to predict the distribution shape of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the distribution shape of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe each predicted well The accumulation and migration of cuttings in the cuttings bed of the section;

The cuttings cleaning tool running position prediction module is used to predict the cuttings cleaning tool running position in each well section according to the distribution of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process;

The actual cuttings bed height calculation module is used to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the mud logging data in the drilling process;

The cuttings cleaning tool running position correction module is used to correct the predicted cuttings cleaning tool running position of each well section according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, and obtain the cuttings of each well section Correction data for the running position of the cleaning tool;

The cuttings bed height risk level determination module of the well section is used to determine the cuttings of each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hook load suspension bed height risk class;

The cuttings bed removal program association module is used to associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal programs;

The data output module is used for outputting, for each well section, the correction data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in the well section and the cuttings bed removal scheme associated with the risk level of the cuttings bed height in the well section.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned processing of the cuttings bed of the horizontal well is realized. method.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for processing a cuttings bed in a horizontal well is realized.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for treating a cuttings bed in a horizontal well is realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process is predicted; the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings bed of each well section Cuttings accumulation and migration; according to the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process, predict the cutting position of cuttings cleaning tools in each well section; according to the mud logging data during drilling, calculate the actual Cuttings bed height: according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the correction for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section data; according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling during drilling, the degree of slant front of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hanging weight of the drilling hook, the risk level of cuttings bed height in each well section is determined; different cuttings bed heights Risk level, associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes; for each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position of the well section, and the cuttings associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section Compared with the technical solutions in the prior art that can only rely on manual formulating of conventional cleaning methods, by predicting the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process and implementing different risk levels for different cuttings beds The cuttings bed removal scheme realizes the integrated cuttings bed treatment of horizontal wells that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling-time diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance. It no longer requires manual labor, and can automatically adjust the cutting position and location of cuttings cleaning tools. Generate a cuttings bed cleaning plan, which solves the unavoidable error and omission problem based on manual work in the existing technology, improves the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings bed treatment in horizontal wells, and effectively solves the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells; At the same time, it also improves the development efficiency of horizontal wells.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of a method for processing a cuttings bed in a horizontal well in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a cuttings bed processing device for a horizontal well in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a specific illustration of a horizontal well cuttings bed processing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the specific illustration figure of a kind of horizontal well cuttings bed processing method in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a computer device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a specific example diagram of a cuttings bed treatment device for a horizontal well in an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a specific example diagram of a cuttings bed treatment device for a horizontal well in an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Here, the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

The term "and/or" in this article only describes an association relationship, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B can mean: there is A alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. situation. In addition, the term "at least one" herein means any one of a variety or any combination of at least two of the more, for example, including at least one of A, B, and C, which may mean including from A, Any one or more elements selected from the set formed by B and C.

In the description of this specification, the words "comprising", "comprising", "having", "containing" and so on are all open terms, meaning including but not limited to. A description referring to the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one of the present application. Examples or examples. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in each embodiment is used to schematically illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps therein is not limited and can be appropriately adjusted as required.

The increasing difficulty of exploration and development has prompted the emergence and development of new technologies and techniques for cobalt wells. Horizontal well drilling technology is favored by the drilling industry for its high reservoir discovery rate, high productivity and low "cost per ton of oil". The proportion of the number of completed wells increased year by year, especially with the successful application in unconventional reservoirs such as fractured reservoirs, thin reservoirs and low-permeability reservoirs, the production degree of these reservoirs has been greatly improved: at the same time Horizontal well technology also plays a pivotal role in increasing production and improving recovery. Its stable production capacity is 2 to 5 times that of vertical wells. It has gradually become an important means of modern oil and gas exploration and development, and has become the main force of oilfield development.

Although horizontal well drilling technology has many advantages, the problem of cuttings migration in the horizontal well section is one of its disadvantages. Poor wellbore purification can lead to serious drilling accidents, so sufficient attention should be paid. Due to the particularity of the wellbore structure in the horizontal well section (the range of the inclination angle is about 90°), the migration trajectory of cuttings in the horizontal annulus under the comprehensive action of various forces is obviously different from that in the vertical well section. When it is low, cuttings tend to fall on the lower edge of the borehole annulus, and gradually accumulate to form a cuttings bed, which can lead to a series of complex engineering problems.

The existence of cuttings beds brings many potential safety hazards to drilling construction and seriously threatens safe drilling, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects:

1. The cuttings bed can easily lead to high friction and high torque of the drilling tool, and even the twisting of the drilling tool.

2. The cuttings bed can cause the ROP to decrease. Due to the loose arrangement structure among cuttings particles in the cuttings bed, it is easy to form key grooves to cause back pressure, so that the drilling pressure cannot fully act on the drill bit, and at the same time, the lifting and lowering resistance of the drilling tool increases, which reduces the drilling efficiency.

3. The cuttings bed is easy to cause accidents such as drill sticking, resulting in slow progress of the project and prolonging the drilling cycle.

4. The cuttings bed can also lead to problems such as difficulty in logging tools into the well, difficulty in running casing and cementing, and poor cementing quality.

5. Because the drilling tool is not centered in the horizontal well section, the cuttings are repeatedly rolled into finer particles by the drilling tool, which increases the solid content of the annular drilling fluid, and at the same time reduces the annular space, forming an elliptical wellbore. It is easy to cause the pump to hold the pressure.

6. The cuttings bed is easy to cause mud pockets on the lower drilling tool, resulting in drilling suffocation. In addition, if the drilling fluid is not fully circulated before the pump is stopped, the cuttings will sink to form a sand bridge after the pump is stopped, causing sand plugging. If drilling continues, there will be safety hazards.

Conventional cleaning methods include: short tripping or long-distance backsliding holes; increasing drilling fluid displacement; adjusting drilling fluid rheology; increasing drill pipe speed, etc. However, the use of these sand cleaning methods is mostly determined by the experience of on-site workers, and there is no complete cuttings bed cleaning plan. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a complete set of cuttings bed judgment and analysis, and a systematic solution for cleaning and removal to ensure on-site drilling production.

In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for treating cuttings beds in horizontal wells, which is used to improve the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings beds in horizontal wells, effectively solve the problem of accumulation of cuttings beds in horizontal wells, and improve water quality. Flat well development benefits, see Figure 1, the approach can include:

Step 101: According to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, predict the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process; the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process is used to describe the cuttings accumulation and transport situation;

Step 102: According to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, predict the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section;

Step 103: Calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the mud logging data in the drilling process;

Step 104: According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, correct the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section, and obtain the corrected data for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section;

Step 105: Determine the risk level of cuttings bed height for each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of deviation of particle size distribution of drilling cuttings, and the change rate of hanging weight of drilling hook during drilling;

Step 106: Associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes;

Step 107: For each well section, output the corrected data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in the well section, and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level in the well section.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted; cuttings accumulation and migration; according to the distribution of cuttings beds in the whole drilling process, predict the cuttings cleaning tool running position in each well section; calculate the actual rock cuttings in each well section according to the mud logging data Cuttings bed height: according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section ; Determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of slant front of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hook load suspension during the drilling process; Level, associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes; for each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position of the well section, and the cuttings bed associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section Compared with the technical solutions in the prior art, which can only rely on manual formulating of conventional cleaning methods, the cleaning plan predicts the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process and implements different cuttings bed height risk levels for different cuttings beds. The cuttings bed removal scheme realizes the integrated cuttings bed treatment of horizontal wells integrating pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling-time diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance. It no longer requires manual labor, and can automatically adjust the cutting position and generation of cuttings cleaning tools. The cuttings bed cleaning solution solves the unavoidable error and omission problem in the existing technology based on manual work, improves the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings bed treatment in horizontal wells, and effectively solves the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells; at the same time , and also improved the development efficiency of horizontal wells.

In the specific implementation, firstly, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted; the above distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe the cuttings bed of each well segment Accumulation and transport conditions.

In the embodiment, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted, including:

Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling time axis is calculated and simulated to obtain the predicted distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process.

In one embodiment, the prediction and calculation of the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process can be performed based on the finite volume method as follows:

Step 1: Cuttings and drilling fluid satisfy the following mass conservation equation and momentum conservation equation:

Among them, α represents the volume fraction of cuttings in the horizontal well section, dimensionless; ρ _l represents the density of drilling fluid, kg/m ³ ; ρ _s represents the density of cuttings, kg/m ³ ; v _l represents the flow rate of drilling fluid, The unit is m/s; v _s represents the flow velocity of cuttings particles, the unit is m/s; p represents the pressure of the drilling fluid, the unit is pa; s _m represents the source term, the unit is pa;

Indicates the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to time, the unit is s ^-1 ;

Indicates the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to the space, and the unit is m ^-1 .

Step 2: Take intermediate variables W _l , W _s , W _P and matrix F, the expressions of which are respectively:

Among them, W _l , W _s , W _P and F are intermediate variables; α _l represents the integral fraction of drilling fluid, dimensionless; α _s represents the volume fraction of cuttings, dimensionless; u _l represents the flow rate of drilling fluid, unit is m/ s; u _s represents the flow velocity of cuttings particles in m/s.

Step 3: The flux changes of the conserved variables of the liquid phase, solid phase and mixed momentum terms satisfy:

Step 4: After discretization, iterative equation form:

Liquid phase:

Solid Phase:

Mixed phase:

Among them, the subscripts i and old-i represent the parameter values of well section i and old-i respectively, and the superscripts j and j+1 represent the parameter values of well section at time t and t+Δt respectively; further, old -li represents the value of the liquid-phase intermediate variable W _l at the well section i at time j; old-si represents the value of the solid-phase intermediate variable W _s at the well section i at time j; old-Pi represents the intermediate variable of pressure at the well section i at time j The value of W _p ; li represents the value of the liquid-phase intermediate variable W _l at the well section i at j+1 time; si represents the value of the solid-phase intermediate variable W _s at the i-well segment at j+1 time; Pi represents i at the j+1 time The value of the intermediate pressure variable W _p at the well section.

The above-mentioned liquid phase, solid phase and mixed phase respectively represent: the drilling fluid part, the cuttings part, and the mixed part of drilling fluid and cuttings in the well section.

Step 5: Update the flux (i.e. the intermediate variable F) in the drilling section of each horizontal annulus within the time interval Δt, and then perform horizontal calculation and simulation on the time axis to obtain the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process The shape of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process can be used to describe the accumulation and migration of cuttings in the whole drilling process.

During the specific implementation, after predicting the distribution of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process based on the horizontal well drilling engineering information, predict the entry position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section according to the distribution of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process .

In the embodiment, according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process predicted before drilling, the design of the cuttings cleaning tool arrangement in the key well section (such as the horizontal well section and the highly deviated well section) of the cuttings deposition can be carried out, Such as predicting the running position of cuttings cleaning tools for each well section.

For example, if the cuttings bed height predicted before drilling is high, it can be known that the wellbore cleaning tools need to be arranged densely; increase.

In specific implementation, after predicting the cuttings cleaning tool running position in each well section according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process, calculate the actual cuttings in each well section according to the mud logging data in the drilling process bed height.

During the specific implementation, after calculating the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the mud logging data in the drilling process, according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, clean the predicted cuttings of each well section The running position of the tool is corrected to obtain the corrected data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section.

In an embodiment, the logging data during the above drilling process may include: well depth, penetration rate, drilling fluid density, pump pressure, displacement, well structure, wellbore trajectory, drilling tool assembly, percentage of cuttings returned, cuttings Particle size distribution, change of hook load suspension weight. Among them, well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, displacement, well body structure and other parameters are used as calculation input parameters to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section; , Hook load suspension weight changes, the model of the distribution of the cuttings bed in the above drilling process is corrected, and the corrected data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position in each well section is obtained.

During specific implementation, according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the correction for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section After the data is collected, the risk level of the cuttings bed height of each well section is determined according to the percentage of cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings, and the change rate of the hanging weight of the drilling hook.

In the embodiment, the risk level of the cuttings bed height of each well section is determined according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hanging weight of the drilling hook during the drilling process, including:

The cuttings bed height risk matrix is pre-established; the cuttings bed height risk matrix is based on the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the abscissa, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution deviation front as the ordinate, and the initial return cuttings percentage as the matrix size;

dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix;

The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of slant front of drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of drilling hook load suspended weight are matched with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix to obtain the Debris bed height risk class.

In a specific embodiment, referring to the following formula, the percentage of cuttings returned can be defined as the ratio of the quality of cuttings produced by drilling to the quality of cuttings returned from the wellhead:

Among them: M _sum is the total amount of cuttings produced by drilling within Δt; v is the drilling speed; t is time; ρ is _the cuttings density at this time (it is related to the formation drilled by drilling); is the percentage of cuttings returned; M _real is the amount of cuttings returned from the wellhead within Δt.

Further, it can be defined that the percentage of returned cuttings reaches a preset value (such as 80%) as a safe drilling mark, and no additional sand cleaning operation is required for drilling operations at this time;

In a specific embodiment, the particle size distribution of cuttings in the solid phase of the drilling fluid (that is, the degree of slant of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings) is the statistics of the diameter of cuttings particles returning to the wellhead. Facies debris particle size distribution map.

Furthermore, the particle size distribution diagram of drilling fluid solid phase cuttings presents a normal distribution during normal drilling. When the cleanliness of cuttings is low, the particle size distribution of cuttings is in the shape of left slant front; when the degree of cleanliness of cuttings is high, the particle size distribution of cuttings is in the shape of right slant front.

Further, referring to the following formula, the cuttings cleaning effect can be characterized by the degree of slant front, the higher the degree of left slant front, the lower the cuttings cleaning efficiency, and the higher the degree of right slant front, the higher the cuttings cleaning efficiency.

Among them: β is the degree of slant front; L is the distance of slant front; d ₂ is the diameter of the largest cuttings particle; d ₁ is the diameter of the smallest cuttings particle.

In a specific embodiment, referring to the following formula, the change of hook load suspension weight comes from the increase of solid microparticles in drilling, which is the result of repeated crushing of cuttings. The greater the change rate of hook load suspension weight, the lower the cuttings cleaning effect.

G ₁ =Mg-ρ ₁ gV (11)

Among them: η is the change rate of the hook load suspended weight; G ₁ is the theoretical suspended weight; M is the total mass of the drilling tool; ρ ₁ is the drilling fluid density; V is the total volume of the drilling tool; G _real is the actual suspended weight.

In one embodiment, the risk matrix for the height of the cuttings bed is established above. The abscissa can be the change rate of the hook load suspension weight, and the ordinate can be the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of cuttings. The size of the matrix can be determined by the percentage of cuttings returned. The percentage of rock cuttings becomes lower and shrinks continuously to the upper right (as shown in Figure 6). The reduction ratio is as follows

Among them: μ is the reduction ratio; α ₁ is the actual percentage of rock debris returned.

During the specific implementation, after determining the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of slant front of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of drilling hook load suspension during the drilling process, the different Debris bed height risk classes, associated with different cuttings bed removal options.

In the embodiment, different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes, including:

Correlate low cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal programs that increase drilling fluid displacement;

Correlate the medium cuttings bed height risk rating with cuttings bed removal programs with increased drilling fluid displacement and increased rotary speed;

Correlate high cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal options for backsliding wellbores;

Correlates emergency cuttings bed height risk ratings to cuttings bed removal programs that adjust drilling fluid rheology.

In one embodiment, the cuttings bed height risk matrix is divided, and the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix is determined, which may specifically be:

Divide the above debris bed height risk matrix into 4 parts, and the dividing line of 4 parts is 0.4, 1, 1.6. In practical application, in the face of four risks, it can be solved by increasing the displacement, increasing the displacement + increasing the speed, slipping the hole, and adjusting the rheology of the drilling fluid.

During specific implementation, after associating different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes, for each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position of the well section, and the well The cuttings bed removal program associated with the segment's cuttings bed height risk class.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is predicted; cuttings accumulation and migration; according to the distribution of cuttings beds in the whole drilling process, predict the cuttings cleaning tool running position in each well section; calculate the actual rock cuttings in each well section according to the mud logging data Cuttings bed height: according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section ; Determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of slant front of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hook load suspension during the drilling process; Level, associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes; for each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position of the well section, and the cuttings bed associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section Compared with the technical solutions in the prior art, which can only rely on manual formulating of conventional cleaning methods, the cleaning plan predicts the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process and implements different cuttings bed height risk levels for different cuttings beds. The cuttings bed removal scheme realizes the integrated cuttings bed treatment of horizontal wells integrating pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling-time diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance. It no longer requires manual labor, and can automatically adjust the cutting position and generation of cuttings cleaning tools. The cuttings bed cleaning solution solves the unavoidable error and omission problem in the existing technology based on manual work, improves the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings bed treatment in horizontal wells, and effectively solves the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells; at the same time , and also improved the development efficiency of horizontal wells.

As mentioned above, the embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated solution of pre-drilling prediction of cuttings bed height, monitoring during drilling and removal during drilling in horizontal wells, which can be used to accurately predict the height of cuttings bed before drilling, formulate cuttings removal plan, and Real-time connection of mud logging tool information, real-time analysis of cuttings bed height, optimization of combined cuttings removal methods, and solution to the accumulation of cuttings beds in horizontal wells.

Embodiments of the present invention also provide a cuttings bed processing device for a horizontal well, as described in the following embodiments. Since the problem-solving principle of the device is similar to that of the horizontal well cuttings bed treatment method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the horizontal well cuttings bed treatment method, and the repetition will not be repeated.

The embodiment of the present invention also provides a horizontal well cuttings bed treatment device, which is used to improve the accuracy and processing efficiency of the horizontal well cuttings bed treatment, effectively solve the accumulation problem of the horizontal well cuttings bed, and improve the development efficiency of the horizontal well, such as As shown in Figure 2, the device includes:

The distribution shape prediction module 201 of the cuttings bed is used to predict the distribution shape of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information; the above distribution shape of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process is used to describe each predicted well The accumulation and migration of cuttings in the cuttings bed of the section;

The cuttings cleaning tool running position prediction module 202 is used to predict the cuttings cleaning tool running position of each well section according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process;

The actual cuttings bed height calculation module 203 is used to calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the mud logging data in the drilling process;

The cuttings cleaning tool running position correction module 204 is used to correct the predicted cuttings cleaning tool running position of each well section according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, and obtain the cuttings cleaning tool running position of each well section. Correction data for the running position of the swarf cleaning tool;

The cuttings bed height risk level determination module 205 of the well section is used to determine the cuttings bed height risk level of each well section according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings, and the change rate of the suspended weight of the drilling hook. dust bed height risk level;

The cuttings bed removal plan association module 206 is used to associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal plans;

The data output module 207 is configured to, for each well section, output the correction data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in the well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section.

In one embodiment, the distribution pattern prediction module of cuttings bed is specifically used for:

Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling time axis is calculated and simulated to obtain the predicted distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process.

In one embodiment, the risk level determination module of the cuttings bed height of the well section is specifically used for:

The cuttings bed height risk matrix is pre-established; the cuttings bed height risk matrix is based on the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the abscissa, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution deviation front as the ordinate, and the initial return cuttings percentage as the matrix size;

dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix;

The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of slant front of drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of drilling hook load suspended weight are matched with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix to obtain the Debris bed height risk class.

In one embodiment, the debris bed removal program association module is specifically used for:

Correlate low cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal programs that increase drilling fluid displacement;

Correlate the medium cuttings bed height risk rating with cuttings bed removal programs with increased drilling fluid displacement and increased rotary speed;

Correlate high cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal options for backsliding wellbores;

Correlates emergency cuttings bed height risk ratings to cuttings bed removal programs that adjust drilling fluid rheology.

A specific example is given below to illustrate the specific application of the device of the present invention.

Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 6, this embodiment provides an integrated predictive diagnosis and removal scheme applicable to cuttings beds in horizontal wells, which can be used to accurately predict the height of cuttings beds before drilling and formulate a cuttings removal plan . It can be connected to the logging tool information during drilling, analyze the cuttings bed height in real time, optimize the combined cuttings removal method, and solve the problem of cuttings bed accumulation in horizontal wells.

First, explain the numbering in Figure 3, Figure 4 and Figure 6 as follows:

In the figure: 1 is the cuttings bed prediction module, 2 is the mud logging tool, 3 is the connecting device of the mud logging tool, 4 is the central processing computer, 5 is the client computer, 6 is the normal particle size distribution curve, and 7 is high cuttings cleaning Efficiency particle size distribution curve, 8 is the particle size distribution curve of low cuttings cleaning efficiency, 9 is the slant front, 10 is the initial cuttings bed height risk matrix, 11 is the cuttings back 70% cuttings bed height risk matrix, 12 is sand cleaning The low risk area, 13 is the medium risk area for sand cleaning, the 14 is the high risk area for sand cleaning, and the 15 is the emergency risk area for sand cleaning.

Referring to Fig. 3, the device in this embodiment can work in conjunction with the mud logging instrument, the mud logging instrument connecting device, the central processing computer, and the client computer, and can further form an integrated cuttings bed of a horizontal well Predictive diagnosis clears the device, specifically as follows:

Referring to Fig. 3, the integrated prediction, diagnosis, and removal equipment for the cuttings bed of the horizontal well can be composed of the cuttings bed prediction module 1 (that is, the above-mentioned cuttings bed distribution pattern prediction module and cuttings cleaning tool lowering position prediction module), Mud logging instrument 2, mud logging instrument connecting device 3, central processing computer 4 (may include the above-mentioned cuttings cleaning tool lowering position correction module, cuttings bed height risk level determination module of well section, and cuttings bed removal scheme association Module and data output module), client computer 5 is formed.

Referring to Fig. 3, the cuttings bed prediction module 1 can be composed of computers with numerical calculation capabilities, and can be based on the finite volume method, combined with drilling engineering design data (that is, the above-mentioned horizontal well drilling engineering information, such as well depth, borehole diameter, row Quantity, properties of drilling fluid, ROP, drill tool assembly, inclination angle, cuttings density), before drilling, calculate the distribution of cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, and guide the design of the running position of the wellbore cleaning tool.

Referring to Fig. 3, the cuttings bed prediction module 1 in the cuttings bed integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal device for horizontal wells, cuttings and drilling fluid satisfy the mass conservation equation and the momentum conservation equation:

Among them, α represents the volume fraction of cuttings in the horizontal well section, dimensionless; ρ _l represents the density of drilling fluid, kg/m ³ ; ρ _s represents the density of cuttings, kg/m ³ ; v _l represents the flow rate of drilling fluid, The unit is m/s; v _s represents the flow velocity of cuttings particles, the unit is m/s; p represents the pressure of the drilling fluid, the unit is pa; s _m represents the source term, the unit is pa;

Indicates the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to time, the unit is s ^-1 ;

Indicates the partial derivative of the parameter with respect to the space, and the unit is m ^-1 .

Taking intermediate variables W _l , W _s , W _P and matrix F, their expressions are the above formulas (2)-(3):

In the calculation of cuttings bed distribution based on the finite volume method, the flux changes of the conserved variables of the liquid phase, solid phase, and mixed momentum items satisfy the above formula (4).

Step 4: After discretization, the form of the iterative equation is shown in the above formulas (5)-(7).

Among them, the subscripts i and old-i represent the parameter values of well section i and old-i respectively, and the superscripts j and j+1 represent the parameter values of well section at time t and t+Δt respectively; further, old -li represents the value of the liquid-phase intermediate variable W _l at the well section i at time j; old-si represents the value of the solid-phase intermediate variable W _s at the well section i at time j; old-Pi represents the intermediate variable of pressure at the well section i at time j The value of W _p ; li represents the value of the liquid-phase intermediate variable W _l at the well section i at j+1 time; si represents the value of the solid-phase intermediate variable W _s at the i-well segment at j+1 time; Pi represents i at the j+1 time The value of the intermediate pressure variable W _p at the well section.

The above-mentioned liquid phase, solid phase and mixed phase respectively represent: the drilling fluid part, the cuttings part, and the mixed part of drilling fluid and cuttings in the well section.

The flux F in each grid is updated within the time interval Δt, and then calculated and simulated horizontally by the time axis, the accumulation and migration of cuttings in the whole drilling process can be obtained.

Referring to Fig. 3, the real-time mud logging data of the mud logging tool 2 in the cuttings bed integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device of this horizontal well may include: well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, pump pressure, displacement, well structure , wellbore trajectory, drilling tool assembly, percentage of cuttings returned, particle size distribution of cuttings.

As shown in Fig. 3, the mud logging tool 2 in the horizontal well cuttings bed integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device can transmit the collected data to the central processing computer 4 in real time through the mud logging tool connection device 3 for calculation and processing.

Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, and Fig. 6, the real-time monitoring of the cuttings bed height in the horizontal well cuttings bed integrated prediction diagnosis and removal device can include three parts, the percentage of returned cuttings, and the granularity of cuttings in the solid phase of drilling fluid. Distribution, change of hook load suspension weight.

Referring to Figure 3, the percentage of cuttings returned is defined as the ratio of the quality of cuttings produced by drilling to the quality of cuttings returned from the wellhead. When the percentage of cuttings returned reaches 80%, it is a sign of safe drilling, and no additional sand cleaning operation is required for drilling operations at this time.

Among them: M _sum is the total amount of cuttings produced by drilling within Δt; v is the drilling speed; t is time; ρ is _the cuttings density at this time (it is related to the formation drilled by drilling); is the percentage of cuttings returned; M _real is the amount of cuttings returned from the wellhead within Δt.

Referring to Fig. 4, the diameter of cuttings particles in the particle size distribution diagram of cuttings is taken as the average diameter of the three axes, and the particle size distribution diagram of cuttings in the solid phase of drilling fluid presents a normal distribution during normal drilling6. When the cleanliness of cuttings is low, the particle size distribution of cuttings is in the shape of left slant front8, and when the degree of cleanliness of cuttings is high, the particle size distribution of cuttings is in the shape of right slant7.

Referring to Fig. 4, the particle size distribution diagram of cuttings characterizes the cleaning effect of cuttings by the degree of slant front, and the degree of slant front is defined as the ratio of the distance of slant front 9 to the span of particle size of cuttings. The higher the degree of left slant front 8, the lower the cuttings cleaning efficiency, and the higher the degree of right slant front 7, the higher the cuttings cleaning efficiency.

Among them: β is the degree of slant front; L is the distance of slant front; d ₂ is the diameter of the largest cuttings particle; d ₁ is the diameter of the smallest cuttings particle.

As shown in Figure 3, the change of hook load suspension weight comes from the increase of solid microparticles in drilling, which is the result of repeated crushing of cuttings. The greater the change rate of hook load suspension weight, the lower the cuttings cleaning effect.

G ₁ =Mg-ρ ₁ gV (11)

Among them: η is the change rate of the hook load suspended weight; G ₁ is the theoretical suspended weight; M is the total mass of the drilling tool; ρ ₁ is the drilling fluid density; V is the total volume of the drilling tool; G _real is the actual suspended weight.

Referring to Fig. 6, the abscissa is the change rate of the hook load suspension, and the ordinate is the slant front degree of the particle size distribution of cuttings. The size of the matrix is determined by the percentage of returned cuttings. A risk matrix 10 for the height of the cuttings bed is established. The percentage of debris becomes lower and shrinks to the upper right. When cuttings return 70% cuttings bed height risk matrix 11 scales down as follows

Among them: μ is the reduction ratio; α ₁ is the actual percentage of rock debris returned.

Referring to Fig. 7, the cuttings bed height risk matrix of the embodiment of the present invention can be based on the risk level division method proposed in the American Petroleum Institute (American Petroleum Institute, API) API 581 "Risk-Based Inspection-Basic Resource Document", to build. In this example, the risk of a sequence of events can be defined in the form A=a.X+b.Y, where a=0.4 and b=0.6. The dividing line is the value of A. In the embodiment of the present invention, the division of the cuttings bed height risk matrix is based on the value obtained through a large number of engineering practices, and this value can be freely set by the staff according to the actual drilling situation.

Referring to Figure 6, the debris bed height risk matrix can be divided into 4 parts, and the dividing lines of the 4 parts are 0.4, 1, and 1.6. Facing different risks: sand cleaning low risk area (i.e. the above-mentioned low cuttings bed height risk level area) 12 chooses the sand cleaning method to increase the drilling fluid displacement; sand cleaning medium risk area (i.e. the above-mentioned medium cuttings bed height risk area) Grade area) 13 Select the sand cleaning method to increase the drilling fluid displacement + increase the rotary speed; sand cleaning high risk area (that is, the above-mentioned high cuttings bed height risk level area) 14 Select the sand cleaning method to reverse slip hole; sand cleaning emergency In the risk area (that is, the above-mentioned emergency cuttings bed height risk level area) 15, the sand cleaning method is selected to adjust the rheological properties of the drilling fluid and increase the rock-carrying ability of the drilling fluid.

Refer to Figure 6. Comparing the pictures on the left and right, the area of the low-risk sand cleaning area in the lower left corner is decreasing, the area of the medium-risk area is decreasing, and the high-risk area of sand cleaning has become a hexagonal area. At the same time, the emergency risk area remains unchanged. The reason is that the coordinate axis generally moves to the upper right, leading to this result. As the cuttings return percentage becomes lower, only small changes in suspended weight and cuttings deflection are required to achieve the same sand cleaning risk.

Referring to Fig. 3, the central processing computer 4 evaluates the cuttings bed height and drilling risk in real time, compares it with the predicted cuttings bed height curve, and optimizes the lowering position of the cuttings cleaning tool.

Referring to Fig. 3, in the horizontal well cuttings bed integrated predictive diagnosis and removal device, the risk matrix calculation is completed in the central processing computer 4, and the cuttings cleaning program design is completed, and the cuttings generated by the central processing computer 4 are processed The scheme is transmitted to the client computer 5 for guiding on-site cuttings cleaning operations.

The supporting scheme for the integrated prediction, diagnosis and removal of cuttings beds in horizontal wells is as follows:

1. The computer enters the drilling engineering information, calculates the distribution of the cuttings bed in the whole well section, designs the cuttings cleaning tool loading position, and transmits it to the central processing computer;

2. The mud logging instrument is connected to the central processing computer to carry out real-time risk assessment of cuttings bed, designate the sand cleaning plan, compare with the predicted distribution of cuttings bed, and optimize the entry position of cuttings cleaning tools;

3. The central processing computer transmits the generated cuttings removal plan and the tool running plan to the client computer in real time, and the drilling site tool construction plan is used for sand removal operations.

In the above-mentioned embodiment, the integrated horizontal well cuttings bed prediction, diagnosis and removal scheme has been realized. Its biggest advantage is that it integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling-time diagnosis and evaluation, rock cleaning operation tools, and rock cleaning operation guidance to solve the problem of horizontal well cuttings bed. The problem of cuttings migration in the section can reduce the drilling risk caused by the accumulation of cuttings bed during horizontal well drilling; cuttings bed prediction is used to accurately predict the height and position of cuttings bed before drilling, and carry out cuttings cleaning tool for cuttings deposition Layout design; the above-mentioned mud logging device connection device collects and transmits data in real time, and the central processing computer calculates and analyzes the distribution of cuttings beds in real time and outputs them to the client computer, and the calculation results are output in real time. Realize the effect of reducing the frictional torque and pipe sticking risk in the horizontal section, increasing the ROP, and further improving the development efficiency of horizontal wells.

Of course, it can be understood that there may be other variations of the above detailed modules, and all relevant variations should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Based on the above inventive concept, as shown in FIG. 5 , the present invention also proposes a computer device 500, including a memory 510, a processor 520, and a computer program 530 stored in the memory 510 and operable on the processor 520. When the processor 520 executes the computer program 530, the above method for treating the cuttings bed of the horizontal well is realized.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for processing a cuttings bed in a horizontal well is realized.

An embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for treating a cuttings bed in a horizontal well is realized.

In the embodiment of the present invention, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process is predicted; the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted cuttings bed of each well section Cuttings accumulation and migration; according to the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process, predict the cutting position of cuttings cleaning tools in each well section; according to the mud logging data during drilling, calculate the actual Cuttings bed height: according to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the correction for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section data; according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling during drilling, the degree of slant front of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hanging weight of the drilling hook, the risk level of cuttings bed height in each well section is determined; different cuttings bed heights Risk level, associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes; for each well section, output the correction data of the cuttings cleaning tool running position of the well section, and the cuttings associated with the cuttings bed height risk level of the well section Compared with the existing technology that can only rely on manually formulating conventional cleaning methods, the bed removal plan predicts the distribution of cuttings beds during the entire drilling process and implements different risk levels for different cuttings beds. The cuttings bed removal scheme realizes the integrated cuttings bed treatment of horizontal wells that integrates pre-drilling simulation prediction, drilling-time diagnosis and evaluation, and rock cleaning operation guidance. It no longer requires manual labor, and can automatically adjust the cutting position and location of cuttings cleaning tools. Generate a cuttings bed cleaning plan, which solves the unavoidable error and omission problem based on manual work in the existing technology, improves the accuracy and efficiency of cuttings bed processing in horizontal wells, and effectively solves the accumulation problem of cuttings beds in horizontal wells; At the same time, it also improves the development efficiency of horizontal wells.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.

The specific embodiments described above have further described the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above descriptions are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Protection scope, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc., shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A method for treating a cuttings bed in a horizontal well, characterized in that it comprises:

   According to the drilling engineering information of horizontal wells, predict the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process; the distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process is used to describe the predicted accumulation and migration of cuttings beds in each section of the well Condition;

   According to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, predict the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section;

   Calculate the actual cuttings bed height of each well section according to the mud logging data during the drilling process;

   According to the actual cuttings bed height of each well section, the predicted running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section is corrected to obtain the corrected data for the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for each well section;

   Determine the cuttings bed height risk level for each well section according to the percentage of drilling cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings and the change rate of the hook load hanging weight;

   Associate different cuttings bed height risk levels with different cuttings bed removal schemes;

   For each well section, the correction data of the running position of the cuttings cleaning tool for this well section and the cuttings bed removal plan associated with the cuttings bed height risk level for this well section are output.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the horizontal well drilling engineering information, predicting the distribution form of the cuttings bed in the whole process of drilling includes:

   Based on the finite volume method and combined with drilling engineering information, the drilling time axis is calculated and simulated to obtain the predicted distribution of cuttings beds during the whole drilling process.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein, according to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed in the whole drilling process, predicting the entry position of the cuttings cleaning tool in each well section includes:

   According to the distribution pattern of the cuttings bed during the whole drilling process, the arrangement of cuttings cleaning tools in key well sections of cuttings deposition is designed, and the placement position of cuttings cleaning tools in each well section is predicted.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mud logging data includes: well depth, drilling speed, drilling fluid density, pump pressure, displacement, well structure, wellbore trajectory, drilling tool assembly, and percentage of cuttings returned , one or any combination of cuttings particle size distribution, and hook load suspension weight change.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the cuttings bed of each well section is determined according to the percentage of cuttings returned from drilling, the degree of deviation of the particle size distribution of drilling cuttings, and the rate of change of the hanging weight of the drilling hook during the drilling process. High risk class, including:

   A cuttings bed height risk matrix is pre-established; the cuttings bed height risk matrix takes the initial drilling hook load suspension weight change rate as the abscissa, the initial drilling cuttings particle size distribution deviation front as the ordinate, and the initial return cuttings percentage as matrix size;

   dividing the cuttings bed height risk matrix, and determining the cuttings bed height risk level associated with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix;

   The percentage of drilling cuttings returned during drilling, the degree of slant front of drilling cuttings particle size distribution and the change rate of drilling hook load suspended weight are matched with each divided cuttings bed height risk matrix to obtain the Debris bed height risk class.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein different cuttings bed height risk levels are associated with different cuttings bed removal schemes, comprising:

   Correlate low cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal programs that increase drilling fluid displacement;

   Correlate the medium cuttings bed height risk rating with cuttings bed removal programs with increased drilling fluid displacement and increased rotary speed;

   Correlate high cuttings bed height risk ratings with cuttings bed removal options for backsliding wellbores;

   Correlates emergency cuttings bed height risk ratings to cuttings bed removal programs that adjust drilling fluid rheology.
7. A computer device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the method of claim 1 is implemented when the processor executes the computer program.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to claim 1 is implemented.

Images