WO2023124553A1 - 电池模组和电池包 - Google Patents

电池模组和电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023124553A1
WO2023124553A1 PCT/CN2022/130725 CN2022130725W WO2023124553A1 WO 2023124553 A1 WO2023124553 A1 WO 2023124553A1 CN 2022130725 W CN2022130725 W CN 2022130725W WO 2023124553 A1 WO2023124553 A1 WO 2023124553A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
square
battery
battery module
cells
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PCT/CN2022/130725
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张毅鸿
周颖
何秋亮
赵吉勇
龚青龙
Original Assignee
重庆三峡时代能源科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2023124553A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023124553A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery module and a battery pack.
  • the thermal management of batteries mainly adopts air cooling, which has low efficiency; or adopts coil cooling at the bottom of the battery pack for liquid cooling, and the heat dissipation path is long, resulting in low heat dissipation efficiency.
  • the main purpose of the present application is to propose a battery module and a battery pack, aiming to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
  • the battery module proposed in this application includes:
  • a plurality of square cells are installed in the housing, the square cells include six sides, and the square cells also include a first polarity terminal and a second polarity terminal;
  • a heat soaking heat dissipation plate the heat soaking heat dissipation plate is provided with a thermal superconducting line and a refrigerant channel, the heat transfer medium is sealed and filled in the heat superconducting line, the two ends of the refrigerant channel are provided with plug joints, the
  • the heat spreading plate is in the shape of a plate and includes two sides, one side of the square cell is bonded to one side of the heat spreading plate.
  • the refrigerant channel surrounds the thermal superconducting circuit in a zigzag shape.
  • the thermal superconducting circuit and the refrigerant channel are protruded on the surface of the heat spreading plate.
  • the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal are arranged on the same side of the square cell.
  • the first polarity terminal and the second polarity terminal are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the square cell.
  • one side of the square cell is bonded to one side of the heat spreader, and the plurality of cells are stacked in layers or arranged in a row.
  • a plurality of the square cells are pasted on both sides of the heat spreader, and the plurality of cells are stacked in layers or arranged in a row.
  • a flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer is interposed between the square cells, which play the roles of buffering, insulation and heat conduction.
  • a flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer is interposed between the square cell and the heat spreading plate, which plays the roles of buffering, insulation and heat conduction.
  • the present application also proposes a battery pack, comprising at least two of the above-mentioned battery modules stacked or arranged side by side.
  • the technical solution of the present application provides a battery module, which includes a casing, a plurality of square cells, and a soaking heat dissipation plate.
  • the heat soaking heat dissipation plate is provided with a thermal superconducting line and a refrigerant channel, and the sealing Filled with heat transfer fluid, the two ends of the refrigerant channel are provided with plug connectors, the heat soaking heat dissipation plate is plate-shaped, including two sides, one side of the square battery is attached to one side of the heat soaking heat dissipation plate combine.
  • the heat dissipation plate in the battery module can quickly absorb the heat generated by the square battery cells during charging and discharging and spread it to the refrigerant channel. Rapid cooling and heating up.
  • the present application also provides a battery pack with the battery module. Since the battery module can quickly dissipate heat or heat up, the normal use of the battery pack can be avoided due to insufficient heat dissipation or low temperature.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded view of an embodiment of a battery module of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is another embodiment of the battery module of the present application after the shell is removed.
  • FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the battery module of the present application after removing the casing.
  • a component when a component is said to be “fixed” to another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may be an intermediate component.
  • a component When a component is said to be “connected” to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be intervening components at the same time.
  • a component When a component is said to be “set on” another component, it may be set directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component at the same time.
  • the terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “left,” “right,” and similar expressions are used herein for purposes of illustration only.
  • This application proposes a battery module, as shown in FIG. 1 , which includes a casing, multiple rows of square cells 3 and a heat spreading plate 2 .
  • a plurality of square batteries 3 are installed in the casing to prevent the square batteries 3 from being impacted and disturbed by the external environment.
  • the shell comprises a front end plate 11, a first side plate 12, a second side plate 13, a rear end plate 14, a bottom plate 15 and a cover plate 16, the front end plate 11 is parallel to the rear end plate 14, and the first side plate 12 is parallel to the second side plate 13, the square cell 3 is arranged on the bottom plate 15, and the cell 2 is protected after the cover plate 16 is covered.
  • a plurality of square cells 3 are installed in the housing, the square cells 3 include six sides, and the square cells 3 also include a first polarity terminal 31 and a second polarity terminal 32;
  • a thermal superconducting pipeline 21 and a refrigerant channel 22 are arranged on the heat soaking heat dissipation plate 2, and the thermal superconducting pipeline is sealed and filled with a heat transfer medium (not shown), and first plug joints are arranged at both ends of the refrigerant channel 22 23 and a second plug connector 24 , the heat spreader 2 is plate-shaped and includes two sides, and one side of the square cell 3 is bonded to one side of the heat spreader 2 .
  • the heat transfer medium filled in the thermal superconducting circuit 21 may be gas or liquid or a mixture of gas and liquid, such as water, oil, alcohol, and the like.
  • the cell shell filled with heat transfer fluid has the characteristics of heat absorption, fast heat transfer rate and good temperature uniformity.
  • the suitable working temperature of the square cell 3 is between 20-50°C. When the temperature of the cell 3 is higher than 50°C, the cell 3 needs to be cooled.
  • the refrigerant enters the refrigerant channel 22 from the first plug connector 23, and the heat exceeds
  • the conduit line 21 absorbs the heat of the battery cell 2 and spreads it to the refrigerant channel 22, and the refrigerant in the refrigerant channel 22 absorbs the heat and flows out from the second plug joint 24, thereby achieving the purpose of cooling; when the temperature of the battery cell 2 is lower than 20 °C, it is necessary to heat the cell, so hot water is passed into the first plug joint 23, and after flowing through the refrigerant channel 22, the heat is transferred to the thermal superconducting circuit 21, thereby heating the square cell 3 to achieve the purpose of temperature rise.
  • the refrigerant channel 22 on the heat soaking heat dissipation plate 2 is in a zigzag shape to surround the thermal superconducting circuit 21, and the refrigerant channel 22 and the thermal superconducting circuit 21 have a single-sided expansion, double-sided expansion or double-sided flat structure.
  • the thermal superconducting pipeline 21 is a closed pipeline, and the shape of the closed thermal superconducting pipeline can be a hexagonal honeycomb shape that communicates with each other, or a quadrangular shape that communicates with each other. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the refrigerant channel 22 and the thermal superconducting circuit 21 are protruded on the surface of the thermal spreading plate 2 .
  • the first polarity terminal 31 and the second polarity terminal 32 are distributed on the top side of the square battery 3, and the small sides of the plurality of square batteries 3 are attached to the heat equalization and heat dissipation.
  • the large side surfaces of the adjacent square cells 3 are bonded together, and a plurality of the square cells 3 are distributed in two rows on both sides of the heat spreading plate 2 .
  • the directional cells 3 may also be distributed only on one side of the heat spreader, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • a flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer 4 is arranged between adjacent square cells 3, which facilitates heat transfer between the cells 3 and distributes the heat. At the same time, the flexibility and insulation of the flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer 4 can Protect cell 2 from impact and conductive interference. In other embodiments, a flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer 4 may also be interposed between the square cell 3 and the heat spreader 2 to protect the square cell 3 from collision and conductive interference. Since thermally conductive silica gel has good electrical conductivity and insulating properties, thermally conductive silica gel is usually used as the main material of the flexible insulating heat conducting layer. The flexible insulating and heat-conducting layer 4 may also use other flexible insulating materials or insulating flexible phase change materials.
  • FIG. 2 is another embodiment of the battery module of the present application after the shell is removed.
  • the first polarity terminal 31 and the second polarity terminal 32 are distributed on two opposite sides of the square battery cell 3, and the small side surfaces of the plurality of square battery cells 3 are attached to the heat spreading plate 2, and at the same time, The large sides of the adjacent square cells 3 are bonded together, and a plurality of the square cells 3 are stacked in two stacks on both sides of the soaking heat dissipation plate 2, and a flexible Insulation and heat conduction layer 4.
  • FIG. 3 is another embodiment of the battery module of the present application after removing the casing.
  • the first polarity terminal 31 and the second polarity terminal 32 are distributed on the top side of the square electric core 3, and the large side faces of the plurality of square electric cores 3 are attached to the heat equalizing heat dissipation plate 2, and at the same time, adjacent
  • the small sides of the square battery cells 3 are bonded together, and a plurality of the square battery cells 3 are distributed in two rows on both sides of the heat spreading plate 2 .
  • the directional cells 3 may also be distributed only on one side of the heat spreader, and the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the application also proposes a battery pack.
  • the battery pack includes at least two above-mentioned battery modules stacked or arranged in parallel. Since the battery pack adopts all the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, it at least has all the functions brought about by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

本申请技术方案提供一种电池模组，包括外壳，多个方形电芯和均热散热板，所述均热散热板上设置有热超导管路和冷媒通道，所述热超导管路中密封填充有传热工质，所述冷媒通道两端设置有插接头，所述均热散热板呈板状，包括两个侧面，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与均热散热板的一个侧面贴合。本申请还提供具有该电池模组的电池包。

Description

电池模组和电池包
本申请要求于2021年12月31号申请的、申请号为202111658167.3的中国专利申请的优先权。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池技术领域，具体涉及一种电池模组和电池包。
 背景技术
随着电池在生产生活中的大量应用，电池安全问题成为了人们关注的话题。电池充放电过程中热量散热不及时轻则导致电池性能减低、寿命衰减，重则导致拉断冒烟、爆炸。目前对电池的热管理主要采用空气散热，效率较低；或者在电池组底部采用盘管冷却的方式进行液冷，散热路径较长，导致其散热效率较低。
 技术问题
本申请的主要目的是提出一种电池模组和电池包，旨在解决上述至少一个技术问题。
 技术解决方案
为实现上述目的，本申请提出的电池模组，包括：
外壳；
多个方形电芯，所述方形电芯安装于所述外壳内，所述方形电芯包括六个侧面，所述方形电芯还包括第一极性端子和第二极性端子；
均热散热板，所述均热散热板上设置有热超导管路和冷媒通道，所述热超导管路中密封填充有传热工质，所述冷媒通道两端设置有插接头，所述均热散热板呈板状，包括两个侧面，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与均热散热板的一个侧面贴合。
在一实施方式中，所述冷媒通道呈几字形包围所述热超导管路。
在一实施方式中，所述热超导管路和冷媒通道凸设于所述均热散热板的表面上。
在一实施方式中，所述第一极性端子和第二极性端子设置于方形电芯的同一侧面上。
在一实施方式中，所述第一极性端子和第二极性端子分别设置于方形电芯相对的两个侧面上。
在一实施方式中，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与所述均热散热板的一个侧面贴合，所述多个电芯呈层状堆叠或列队排布。
在一实施方式中，多个所述方形电芯贴置于所述均热散热板的两个侧面，所述多个电芯呈层状堆叠或列队排布。
在一实施方式中，所述方形电芯与方形电芯之间夹设有柔性绝缘导热层，起着缓冲、绝缘和导热的作用。
在一实施方式中，所述方形电芯与均热散热板之间夹设有柔性绝缘导热层，起着缓冲、绝缘和导热的作用。
本申请还提出一种电池包，包括至少两个呈层叠或并排设置的上述电池模组。
 有益效果
本申请技术方案提供一种电池模组，包括外壳，多个方形电芯和均热散热板，所述均热散热板上设置有热超导管路和冷媒通道，所述热超导管路中密封填充有传热工质，所述冷媒通道两端设置有插接头，所述均热散热板呈板状，包括两个侧面，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与均热散热板的一个侧面贴合。该电池模组中的均热散热板能够快速吸收方形电芯在充放电过程中产生的热量并均摊开来传递给冷媒通道，冷媒在冷媒通道中移动可以将热量传导出去，从而实现电池模组的快速散热和升温。本申请还提供具有该电池模组的电池包，由于电池模组能够快速散热或升温，能够避免电池包因散热不足或温度过低而影响正常使用。
 附图说明
图1为本申请电池模组一实施例的爆炸图。
图2为本申请去除外壳后的电池模组的另一实施例。
图3为本申请去除外壳后的电池模组的又一实施例。
其中：11-前端板、12-第一侧板、13-第二侧板、14-后端板、15-底板、16-盖板、2-均热散热板、21-热超导管路、22-冷媒通道、23-第一插接头、24-第二插接头、3-方形电芯、31-第一极性端子、32-第二极性端子、4-柔性绝缘导热层。
本申请目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步的说明。
 本发明的实施方式
为使本申请解决的技术问题、采用的技术方案和达到的技术效果更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的技术方案作进一步的详细描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
需要说明的是，当组件被称为“固定于”另一组件，它可以直接在另一组件上或者也可以存在居中的组件。当一个组件被认为是“连接”另一个组件，它可以是直接连接到另一组件或者可能同时存在居中组件。当一个组件被认为是“设置于”另一个组件，它可以是直接设置在另一个组件上或者可能同时存在居中组件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只为了说明目的。
另需要说明，若本申请实施例中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述，则该“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为只是或者暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本申请要求的保护范围之内。
本申请提出一种电池模组，请参阅图1所示，包括外壳，多列方形电芯3和均热散热板2。多个方形电芯3安装于所述外壳内，避免方形电芯3受到外部环境的碰撞和干扰。
所述外壳包括前端板11、第一侧板12、第二侧板13、后端板14、底板15和盖板16，所述前端板11与后端板14平行，所述第一侧板12和第二侧板13平行，所述方形电芯3设置在所述底板15上，盖上盖板16之后对电芯2起保护作用。
多个方形电芯3安装于所述外壳内，所述方形电芯3包括六个侧面，所述方形电芯3还包括第一极性端子31和第二极性端子32；
均热散热板2上设置有热超导管路21和冷媒通道22，所述热超导管路中密封填充有传热工质（未示出），所述冷媒通道22两端设置第一插接头23和第二插接头24，所述均热散热板2呈板状，包括两个侧面，所述方形电芯3的一个侧面与均热散热板2的一个侧面贴合。
需要说明的是，所述热超导管路21中填充的传热工质可以为气体或液体或者气体和液体的混合物，例如水、油、酒精等。填充有传热工质的电芯外壳具有吸热、传热速率快和均温性好的特点。方形电芯3的适宜工作温度在20-50℃之间，当电芯3温度高于50℃，需要对电芯3进行冷却，因此，冷媒从第一插接头23进入冷媒通道22，热超导管路21吸收电芯2的热量均摊开来传导到冷媒通道22中，冷媒通道22中的冷媒吸收热量后从第二插接头24流出，从而达到降温目的；当电芯2温度低于20℃，就需要对电芯进行加热，因此向第一插接头23中通入热水，流经冷媒通道22之后热量传递给热超导管路21，从而加热方形电芯3，达到升温的目的。
均热散热板2上冷媒通道22呈几字形包围热超导管路21，冷媒通道22和热超导管路21呈单面膨胀、双面膨胀或双面平整结构。热超导管路21为封闭管路，所述封闭的热超导管路的形状可以为相互连通的六边形蜂窝状，也可以为相互连通的四边形等。在本实施例中，如图1所示，冷媒通道22和热超导管路21凸设于均热散热板2的表面。
请参阅图1所示，第一极性端子31和第二极性端子32分布在方形电芯3的顶侧面上，多个所述方形电芯3的小侧面贴合于所述均热散热板2，同时，相邻所述方形电芯3的大侧面贴合，多个所述方形电芯3呈两列分布在均热散热板2的两侧。当然在其他实施例中，所述方向电芯3也可以只分布在均热散热板的其中一侧，本申请不限于此。
请继续参阅图1，相邻的方形电芯3之间设置有柔性绝缘导热层4，利于电芯3之间进行传热，将热量分摊出去，同时柔性绝缘导热层4的柔性和绝缘性能够保护电芯2免受碰撞和导电干扰。在其他实施例中，方形电芯3和均热散热板2之间还可夹设有柔性绝缘导热层4保护方形电芯3免受碰撞和导电干扰。由于导热硅胶具有良好的导电性能和绝缘性能，因此通常采用导热硅胶作为柔性绝缘导热层的主要材料。柔性绝缘导热层4也可以采用其他柔性绝缘材料或具有绝缘性的柔性相变材料。
图2为本申请去除外壳后的电池模组的另一实施例。第一极性端子31和第二极性端子32分布在方形电芯3相对的两个侧面上，多个所述方形电芯3的小侧面贴合于所述均热散热板2，同时，相邻所述方形电芯3的大侧面贴合，多个所述方形电芯3呈两摞堆叠在均热散热板2的两侧，所述相邻方形电芯3之间夹设有柔性绝缘导热层4。
图3为本申请去除外壳后的电池模组的又一实施例。第一极性端子31和第二极性端子32分布在方形电芯3的顶侧面上，多个所述方形电芯3的大侧面贴合于所述均热散热板2，同时，相邻所述方形电芯3的小侧面贴合，多个所述方形电芯3呈两列分布在均热散热板2的两侧。当然在其他实施例中，所述方向电芯3也可以只分布在均热散热板的其中一侧，本申请不限于此。
本申请还提出一种电池包。该电池包至少包括2个呈层叠或并列设置的上述电池模组。由于电池包采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有功能，在此不再一一赘述。
上述实施例仅例示性说明本申请的原理及其功效，而非用于限制本申请。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本申请的精神及范畴下，对上述实施例进行修改或改变。因此，举凡所述技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本申请揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变，仍应由本申请的权益要求所涵盖。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池模组，包括：
    外壳；
    多个方形电芯，所述方形电芯安装于所述外壳内，所述方形电芯包括六个侧面，所述方形电芯还包括第一极性端子和第二极性端子；
    均热散热板，所述均热散热板上设置有热超导管路和冷媒通道，所述热超导管路中密封填充有传热工质，所述冷媒通道两端设置有插接头，所述均热散热板呈板状，包括两个侧面，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与均热散热板的一个侧面贴合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述冷媒通道呈几字形包围所述热超导管路。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其中，所述冷媒通道呈几字形包围所述热超导管路，所述热超导管路和冷媒通道凸设于所述均热散热板的表面上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一极性端子和第二极性端子设置于方形电芯的同一侧面上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池模组，其中，所述第一极性端子和第二极性端子分别设置于方形电芯相对的两个侧面上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其中，所述方形电芯的一个侧面与所述均热散热板的一个侧面贴合，所述多个电芯呈层状堆叠或列队排布。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池模组，其中，多个所述方形电芯贴置于所述均热散热板的两个侧面，所述多个电芯呈层状堆叠或列队排布。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的电池模组，其中，所述方形电芯与方形电芯之间夹设有柔性绝缘导热层，起着缓冲、绝缘和导热的作用。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池模组，其中，所述方形电芯与均热散热板之间夹设有柔性绝缘导热层，起着缓冲、绝缘和导热的作用。
  10. 一种电池包，包括至少两个呈层叠或并排设置的如权利要求1至9任一项所述的电池模组。
PCT/CN2022/130725 2021-12-31 2022-11-08 电池模组和电池包 WO2023124553A1 (zh)

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