WO2023122838A1 - Tray cultivation system that maximises aquaculture and prevents stress in said cultures due to the reduced movement of the cultivation system - Google Patents

Tray cultivation system that maximises aquaculture and prevents stress in said cultures due to the reduced movement of the cultivation system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023122838A1
WO2023122838A1 PCT/CL2021/050129 CL2021050129W WO2023122838A1 WO 2023122838 A1 WO2023122838 A1 WO 2023122838A1 CL 2021050129 W CL2021050129 W CL 2021050129W WO 2023122838 A1 WO2023122838 A1 WO 2023122838A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
culture
tray
flotation
pair
media
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Application number
PCT/CL2021/050129
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Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Javier DÍAZ PERALTA
Catterina Del Pilar Sobenes Vennekool
Original Assignee
Universidad Católica De La Santísima Concepción
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Priority to CA3241752A priority Critical patent/CA3241752A1/en
Publication of WO2023122838A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023122838A1/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/51—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of gastropods, e.g. abalones or turban snails
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/54—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of bivalves, e.g. oysters or mussels
    • A01K61/55—Baskets therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K80/00—Harvesting oysters, mussels, sponges or the like
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Definitions

  • a TRAY FARMING SYSTEM THAT MAXIMIZES AQUACULTURE FARMING AND AVOIDS STRESS TO SUCH FARMING DUE TO DECREASED MOVEMENT OF THE FARMING SYSTEM
  • This utility model is related to the aquaculture industry.
  • this utility model is related to a farming system that improves the environments so that bivalve molluscs and gastropods, or echinoderms, that are in their growth and fattening stage, have environmental conditions that favor growth and yield. productive by volume of water column used.
  • the technology through a flotation system, minimizes the oscillations and movements of the culture systems with trays in adverse environmental conditions such as estuary areas, or areas exposed to waves with their dynamics and energy and, through a system of double floats with at least a couple of culture media with trays, maximizing the utilization of the water column.
  • These conditions allow the increase in crop productivity compared to a traditional tray cultivation system, which do not compensate each other for the movement of tray cultivation systems, which generates a low or total loss of production when there is bad weather or storm.
  • This utility model consists of the arrangement of a culture unit in stacked trays attached with a rope to a double main line flotation system, which allows maximizing the use of the water column.
  • patent ES1043285 discloses a technology for raising or cultivating mussels, specifically an improved hatchery for fattening mussels in the open sea, where the hatchery is made from a rope or longline located horizontally, which is located in the aforementioned position using floats positioned at the ends of the rope, consequently leaving the rope positioned horizontally, and retained at a predetermined depth by using chains pulled by one of its ends to the longline, while On the contrary, they are pulled from dead bodies or anchors located at the bottom of the sea.
  • patent ES1043285 does not maximize aquaculture farming nor does it prevent its own dynamism due to waves and currents and, therefore, does not prevent stress in farmed bivalve molluscs and gastropods.
  • a change in the configuration of the culture units is presented, such as trays or boxes, to maximize the aquaculture culture per unit volume of water, through a configuration of pairs of elongated flotation media. and that a culture medium with trays or boxes is connected between them on each side, allowing a configuration that minimizes the transversal movement due to waves, which causes agitation and stress of the culture species, to obtain less movement of each one of them.
  • the present invention corresponds to the arrangement of main lines or main ropes supported by a system of buoys, from which the stacked tray systems are hung by means of a rope, which store sessile organisms in culture.
  • Figure 1 shows a side view of the culture system with tray (100).
  • Figure 2 shows an isometric view of the culture system with tray (100).
  • Figure 3 shows a side view of the tray culture system (100) of a preferred configuration with three pairs of culture media (103).
  • Figure 4 shows a side view of the tray culture system (100) of a preferred configuration with two pairs of culture media (103) between the pairs of flotation media (101).
  • the present utility model in a tray (100) culture system configuration maximizes aquaculture culture and avoids stress to cultured sessile organisms due to decreased movement of said tray culture system.
  • a cultivation system between two flotation means (101) that support flotation ropes (102) or main lines on each side arranged perpendicular to the axis of the floats, from where at least one flotation means are hung.
  • culture (103) or culture unit which are systems of culture trays for each culture line (104) or culture line.
  • the length of the main line will be determined by the push capacity of each flotation means (101) or float, which will determine the maximum number of system of trays or boxes that make up the culture unit.
  • the length of the float axis that separates both main lines will determine the width of the trays.
  • the tray system consists of stacking one tray on another or one box on another, of a similar dimension that allows for a biomass of organisms and number of trays, defined by the thrust of both floats.
  • the stacked trays are hung to the mother line by a culture line (104).
  • a culture weight (105) is arranged in the lower part of the tray system, which allows maintaining the verticality of each culture medium (103). This provision is replicated depending on the area available to develop the crop.
  • the flotation means (101) or end floats are attached to ropes anchoring line (111) or anchoring line which is tied to an anchoring weight (110) or dead weight or weight anchored to the bottom of the sea.
  • This utility model describes a culture system with a tray (100) that maximizes the aquaculture culture and avoids the stress of said cultures due to the decrease in the movement of said culture system with a tray, as shown in figures 1 to 4.
  • the culture system comprises: at least one pair of flotation means (101), placed side by side where their horizontal sides are parallel to each other; First buoyancy lines (102) join the distal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101) and second buoyancy lines (102), also known as main lines, join the proximal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101).
  • each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is joined between each of the flotation lines (102), through culture lines (104), so that a culture medium (103) is between the distal ends of the pair of flotation media (101) and the other culture medium (103) is between the proximal ends of the pair of flotation media (101), to keep each of the culture media in equilibrium.
  • culture (103) thereby improving its stability and minimizing movement of said culture media (103);
  • culture weights (105) are operatively placed under each culture medium (103) to maintain its verticality; anchoring weights (110) are attached to flotation means (101), through anchoring ropes (111), to prevent displacement of the culture system with tray (100).
  • each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is attached to the center of each of the flotation lines (102).
  • the tray culture system (100) comprises nine pairs of culture media (103).
  • the culture media (103) comprise trays or boxes containing bivalve and gastropod molluscs, or echinoderms to be cultivated.
  • the flotation means (101) comprise buoyancy control means (buoyant or thrust) to control the depth of said flotation means (101), with respect to the line of where the buoyancy control means (buoyant) to control the depth of said flotation means (101) comprise fluid inlet valves, fluid outlet valves, valve control means, at least a fluid drive pump and wireless or wired means of communication to remotely command the control means.
  • buoyancy control means buoyancy or thrust

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a tray cultivation system (100) that maximises aquaculture and prevents stress in said cultures due to the reduced movement of said tray cultivation system, comprising: at least one pair of buoyant means (101), placed one next to the other wherein their horizontal sides are parallel to one another; first buoyant cables (102) join the distal ends of the pair of buoyant means (101) and second buoyant cables (102) join the proximal ends of the pair of buoyant means (101); each culture medium (103) of the pair of culture media (103) is joined between each of the buoyant cables (102), by means of culture cables (104), such that a culture medium (103) is between the distal ends of the pair of buoyant means (101) and the other culture medium (103) is between the proximal ends of the pair of buoyant means (101), to keep each of the culture media (103) in balance, thus improving their stability and minimising the movement of said culture media (103); culture weights (105) are operatively placed below each culture medium (103), to keep them upright; mooring weights (110) are joined to buoyant means (101), by means of mooring cables (111), to prevent the tray cultivation system (100) from moving.

Description

UN SISTEMA DE CULTIVO CON BANDEJA QUE MAXIMIZA EL CULTIVO ACUÍCOLA Y EVITA EL ESTRÉS DE DICHOS CULTIVOS DEBIDO A LA DISMINUCIÓN DEL MOVIMIENTO DEL SISTEMA DE CULTIVO A TRAY FARMING SYSTEM THAT MAXIMIZES AQUACULTURE FARMING AND AVOIDS STRESS TO SUCH FARMING DUE TO DECREASED MOVEMENT OF THE FARMING SYSTEM
MEMORIA DESCRIPTIVA DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY
CAMPO DE LA INVENCIÓN FIELD OF THE INVENTION
El presente modelo de utilidad se relaciona con la industria de la acuicultura. En particular, el presente modelo de utilidad se relaciona con un sistema de cultivo que mejora los ambientes para que moluscos bivalvos y gasterópodos, o equinodermos, que se encuentren en su etapa de crecimiento y engorda, dispongan de condiciones ambientales que favorezcan al crecimiento y rendimiento productivo por volumen de la columna de agua utilizada. La tecnología, mediante un sistema de flotación, minimiza las oscilaciones y movimientos de los sistemas de cultivos con bandejas en condiciones de ambientes adversos como son zonas de estuarios, o zonas expuestas al oleaje con su dinámica y energía y, mediante un sistema de dobles flotadores con al menos un par de medios de cultivos con bandejas, maximizando la utilización de la columna de agua. Estas condiciones, permiten el aumento de la productividad de cultivo comparado con un sistema de cultivo con bandejas tradicional, que no compensan entre sí, el movimiento de los sistemas de cultivos con bandejas, lo que genera una baja o pérdida total de la producción cuando hay mal tiempo o tormenta. This utility model is related to the aquaculture industry. In particular, this utility model is related to a farming system that improves the environments so that bivalve molluscs and gastropods, or echinoderms, that are in their growth and fattening stage, have environmental conditions that favor growth and yield. productive by volume of water column used. The technology, through a flotation system, minimizes the oscillations and movements of the culture systems with trays in adverse environmental conditions such as estuary areas, or areas exposed to waves with their dynamics and energy and, through a system of double floats with at least a couple of culture media with trays, maximizing the utilization of the water column. These conditions allow the increase in crop productivity compared to a traditional tray cultivation system, which do not compensate each other for the movement of tray cultivation systems, which generates a low or total loss of production when there is bad weather or storm.
El presente modelo de utilidad consiste en la disposición de una unidad de cultivo en bandejas apiladas unidas con un cabo a un sistema de flotación de doble línea madre la que permite maximizar el uso de la columna de agua. This utility model consists of the arrangement of a culture unit in stacked trays attached with a rope to a double main line flotation system, which allows maximizing the use of the water column.
ESTADO DEL ARTE STATE OF THE ART
En la actualidad existen varias tecnologías referentes a la acuicultura para organismos sésiles en el mar, entre ellas está el Modelo de Utilidad protegido en los siguientes países: Chile (Solicitud N° 201700245); Nueva Zelanda (N° 739475), Canadá (N° CA2993405) y España (N° EF1205886U), pero este sistema no permite el cultivo en bandejas o cajas de los moluscos bivalvo ni los gasterópodos. Currently there are several technologies related to aquaculture for sessile organisms in the sea, among them is the Protected Utility Model in the following countries: Chile (Application No. 201700245); New Zealand (N° 739475), Canada (N° CA2993405) and Spain (N° EF1205886U), but this system does not allow the culture in trays or boxes of bivalve molluscs or gastropods.
Otras aproximaciones tecnológicas de los sistemas tradicionales de cuelgas conocidas por su término en inglés como longlines, se han ¡do rediseñando para ambientes en el mar expuestos, condiciones de mayor energía por oleaje y corrientes, al requerir zonas menos contaminadas y por lo tanto más alejadas de la zona costera. La necesidad de buscar nuevas zonas ha derivado en nuevas tecnologías de boyas con diseños y refuerzos que operen hundidos y soporten las inclemencias ambientales de los longlines para ambientes expuestos. En estas cuelgas (longlines) se disponen las líneas madres con cuerdas de cultivo para mitílidos (mejillón o chohto), o mallas cilindricas seccionadas interiormente, llamadas coloquialmente como “linternas” para ostiones o cajas para ostras. Las líneas para cultivar ostras en linternas o bandejas para ambientes expuestos son dispuestas en una única línea madre en longline sumergidos. Lo anterior, no permite la maximización del uso de la columna de agua o volumen de agua, y por lo tanto ello redunda en una menor producción de moluscos bivalvos y gasterópodos, o equinodermos. Other technological approximations of the traditional hanging systems known by their term in English as longlines, have been redesigned for exposed sea environments, conditions of greater energy due to waves and currents, by requiring less polluted areas. and therefore further from the coastal zone. The need to search for new areas has led to new buoy technologies with designs and reinforcements that operate sunk and withstand the environmental inclemencies of the longlines for exposed environments. On these longlines, the main lines are arranged with culture ropes for mussels (mussels or chohto), or internally sectioned cylindrical meshes, colloquially called “lanterns” for oysters or oyster boxes. The lines to cultivate oysters in lanterns or trays for exposed environments are arranged in a single main line in submerged longlines. This does not allow the maximization of the use of the water column or volume of water, and therefore this results in a lower production of bivalve molluscs and gastropods, or echinoderms.
Otra tecnología referente a la acuicultura o piscicultura, es la patente ES1043285 que divulga una tecnología para la cría o cultivo de mejillones, específicamente un vivero perfeccionado para el engorde de mejillones en mar abierto, en donde el vivero está constituido a partir de una cuerda o palangre situado hohzontalmente, que está ubicado en la posición citada utilizando flotadores posicionados en los extremos de la cuerda, quedando consecuentemente la cuerda posicionada hohzontalmente, y retenida a una profundidad predeterminada mediante la utilización de unas cadenas jaladas por uno de sus extremos al palangre, mientras que por el opuesto se encuentran jaladas a unos muertos o anclas situados en el fondo del mar. Pero la patente ES1043285 no maximiza el cultivo acuícola ni evita el dinamismo propio por oleaje y corriente y, por ende, no evita el estrés en moluscos bivalvos y gasterópodos cultivados. Another technology referring to aquaculture or fish farming is patent ES1043285 that discloses a technology for raising or cultivating mussels, specifically an improved hatchery for fattening mussels in the open sea, where the hatchery is made from a rope or longline located horizontally, which is located in the aforementioned position using floats positioned at the ends of the rope, consequently leaving the rope positioned horizontally, and retained at a predetermined depth by using chains pulled by one of its ends to the longline, while On the contrary, they are pulled from dead bodies or anchors located at the bottom of the sea. But patent ES1043285 does not maximize aquaculture farming nor does it prevent its own dynamism due to waves and currents and, therefore, does not prevent stress in farmed bivalve molluscs and gastropods.
SOLUCIÓN AL PROBLEMA TÉCNICO SOLUTION TO THE TECHNICAL PROBLEM
Para subsanar el problema planteado, se presenta un cambio de forma de la configuración de las unidades de cultivo, como bandejas o cajas, para maximizar el cultivo acuícola por unidad de volumen de agua, a través de una configuración de pares de medios de flotación alargados y que entre ellos se conectan a cada lado un medio de cultivo con bandejas o cajas, permitiendo una configuración que minimiza el movimiento transversal por oleaje, lo que provoca agitación y estrés de las especies de cultivo, para obtener un menor movimiento de cada uno de los medios de cultivo con bandeja, independientemente de las características ambientales de las zonas de cultivos sean protegidas o expuestas, en donde las zonas expuestas son adversas para el cultivo debido a las corrientes marinas y/o zonas de alto oleaje, por ejemplo, a mar abierto, pero las zonas expuestas tienen mayor cantidad de nutrientes y menor contaminantes que en la zona costera, lo que implica un mayor crecimiento de los organismos sésiles a cultivar. DESCRIPCIÓN RESUMIDA DE LA INVENCIÓN To correct the problem, a change in the configuration of the culture units is presented, such as trays or boxes, to maximize the aquaculture culture per unit volume of water, through a configuration of pairs of elongated flotation media. and that a culture medium with trays or boxes is connected between them on each side, allowing a configuration that minimizes the transversal movement due to waves, which causes agitation and stress of the culture species, to obtain less movement of each one of them. culture media with a tray, regardless of the environmental characteristics of the culture areas, whether they are protected or exposed, where the exposed areas are adverse for cultivation due to marine currents and/or areas of high waves, for example, offshore open, but the exposed areas have a greater amount of nutrients and fewer pollutants than in the coastal area, which implies a greater growth of the sessile organisms to be cultivated. SUMMARY DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La presente invención corresponde a la disposición de líneas madres o cuerdas principales sostenidas a un sistema de boyas, desde donde se cuelgan mediante un cabo los sistemas de bandeja apilados, los que almacenan a los organismos sésiles en cultivo. The present invention corresponds to the arrangement of main lines or main ropes supported by a system of buoys, from which the stacked tray systems are hung by means of a rope, which store sessile organisms in culture.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
La figura 1 , muestra una vista lateral del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100). Figure 1 shows a side view of the culture system with tray (100).
La figura 2, muestra una vista en isométrica del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100).Figure 2 shows an isometric view of the culture system with tray (100).
La figura 3, muestra una vista lateral del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de una configuración preferente con tres pares de medios de cultivo (103). Figure 3 shows a side view of the tray culture system (100) of a preferred configuration with three pairs of culture media (103).
La figura 4, muestra una vista lateral del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de una configuración preferente con dos pares de medios de cultivo (103) entre los pares de medios de flotación (101). Figure 4 shows a side view of the tray culture system (100) of a preferred configuration with two pairs of culture media (103) between the pairs of flotation media (101).
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Como se muestra en las figuras 1 a 4, el presente modelo de utilidad en una configuración de un sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) que maximiza el cultivo acuícola y evita el estrés de los organismos sésiles en cultivo debido a la disminución del movimiento de dicho sistema de cultivo con bandeja. As shown in Figures 1 to 4, the present utility model in a tray (100) culture system configuration maximizes aquaculture culture and avoids stress to cultured sessile organisms due to decreased movement of said tray culture system.
La disposición de un sistema de cultivo entre dos medios de flotación (101) que sostienen por cada lado de unos cabos de flotación (102) o líneas madre dispuestas en sentido perpendicular al eje de los flotadores, desde donde se cuelgan al menos unos medios de cultivo (103) o unidad de cultivo, que son sistemas de bandejas de cultivo por cada cabo de cultivo (104) o línea de cultivo. La longitud de la línea madre estará determinada por la capacidad de empuje de cada medio de flotación (101) o flotador, lo que determinará el máximo número de sistema de bandejas o cajas que conforman la unidad de cultivo. La longitud del eje del flotador que separa ambas líneas madres determinará el ancho de las bandejas. El sistema de bandejas consiste en apilar una bandeja sobre otra o una caja sobre otra, de similar dimensión que permita disponer una biomasa de organismos y número de bandejas, definidas por el empuje de ambos flotadores. Las bandejas apiladas son colgadas a la línea madre por un cabo de cultivo (104). En la parte inferior del sistema de bandejas se dispone un peso de cultivo (105) el que permite mantener la verticalidad de cada medio de cultivo (103). Esta disposición se replica dependiendo del área disponible para desarrollar el cultivo. Los medios de flotación (101) o flotadores de los extremos van unidos a unos cabos de fondeo (111) o línea de fondeo la que se amarra a un peso de fondeo (110) o muerto o peso anclado al fondo del mar. The provision of a cultivation system between two flotation means (101) that support flotation ropes (102) or main lines on each side arranged perpendicular to the axis of the floats, from where at least one flotation means are hung. culture (103) or culture unit, which are systems of culture trays for each culture line (104) or culture line. The length of the main line will be determined by the push capacity of each flotation means (101) or float, which will determine the maximum number of system of trays or boxes that make up the culture unit. The length of the float axis that separates both main lines will determine the width of the trays. The tray system consists of stacking one tray on another or one box on another, of a similar dimension that allows for a biomass of organisms and number of trays, defined by the thrust of both floats. The stacked trays are hung to the mother line by a culture line (104). A culture weight (105) is arranged in the lower part of the tray system, which allows maintaining the verticality of each culture medium (103). This provision is replicated depending on the area available to develop the crop. The flotation means (101) or end floats are attached to ropes anchoring line (111) or anchoring line which is tied to an anchoring weight (110) or dead weight or weight anchored to the bottom of the sea.
DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LA INVENCIÓN DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
El presente modelo de utilidad describe un sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) que maximiza el cultivo acuícola y evita el estrés de dichos cultivos debido a la disminución del movimiento de dicho sistema de cultivo con bandeja, como se muestra en las figuras 1 a 4, en donde el sistema de cultivo comprende: al menos un par de medios de flotación (101), colocados uno al lado del otro en donde sus lados horizontales son paralelos entre sí; unos primeros cabos de flotación (102) unen los extremos distales del par de medios de flotación (101) y unos segundos cabos de flotación (102), conocidos también como líneas madres, unen los extremos proximales del par de medios de flotación (101); cada medio de cultivo (103), del par de medios de cultivo (103), se une entre cada uno de los cabos de flotación (102), a través de unos cabos de cultivo (104), de manera que un medio de cultivo (103) esté entre los extremos distales del par de medios de flotación (101) y el otro medio de cultivo (103) esté entre los extremos proximales del par de medios de flotación (101), para mantener en equilibrio cada uno de medio de cultivo (103) mejorando con ello su estabilidad y minimizando el movimiento de dichos medios de cultivo (103); unos pesos de cultivo (105), están colocados operativamente debajo de cada medio de cultivo (103), para mantener su verticalidad; unos pesos de fondeo (110) se unen a unos medios de flotación (101), a través de cabos de fondeo (111), para evitar el desplazamiento del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100). This utility model describes a culture system with a tray (100) that maximizes the aquaculture culture and avoids the stress of said cultures due to the decrease in the movement of said culture system with a tray, as shown in figures 1 to 4. , wherein the culture system comprises: at least one pair of flotation means (101), placed side by side where their horizontal sides are parallel to each other; First buoyancy lines (102) join the distal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101) and second buoyancy lines (102), also known as main lines, join the proximal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101). ; each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is joined between each of the flotation lines (102), through culture lines (104), so that a culture medium (103) is between the distal ends of the pair of flotation media (101) and the other culture medium (103) is between the proximal ends of the pair of flotation media (101), to keep each of the culture media in equilibrium. culture (103) thereby improving its stability and minimizing movement of said culture media (103); culture weights (105) are operatively placed under each culture medium (103) to maintain its verticality; anchoring weights (110) are attached to flotation means (101), through anchoring ropes (111), to prevent displacement of the culture system with tray (100).
En una configuración preferente, cada medio de cultivo (103), del par de medios de cultivo (103), se une al centro de cada uno de los cabos de flotación (102). In a preferred configuration, each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is attached to the center of each of the flotation lines (102).
Es importante destacar que la diferencia de peso en Kg. entre cada medio de cultivo (103), es de a lo más un 25%. It is important to note that the difference in weight in kg between each culture medium (103) is at most 25%.
En otra configuración preferente el sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) comprende nueve pares de medios de cultivo (103). In another preferred configuration, the tray culture system (100) comprises nine pairs of culture media (103).
En otra configuración preferente, los medios de cultivo (103) comprenden unas bandejas o cajas contenedoras de moluscos bivalvo y gasterópodo, o equinodermos a cultivar. En otra configuración preferente, al menos dos medios de cultivo (103) sostenidos en cada cabo de flotación (102) y donde los al menos dos medios de cultivo (103) está ubicados entre cada par de medios de flotación (101), como se muestra en la figura 4. Para controlar la profundidad del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100), los medios de flotación (101) comprenden medios de control de flotabilidad (boyantes o empuje) para controlar la profundidad de dichos medios de flotación (101), respecto de la línea de flotación, en donde los medios de control de flotabilidad (boyantes) para controlar la profundidad de dichos medios de flotación (101), comprenden unas válvulas de entrada de fluido, unas válvulas de salida de fluido, unos medios de control de válvulas, al menos una bomba impulsora de fluido y medios de comunicación inalámbrico o alámbricos para comandar de manera remota los medios de control. In another preferred configuration, the culture media (103) comprise trays or boxes containing bivalve and gastropod molluscs, or echinoderms to be cultivated. In another preferred configuration, at least two culture media (103) supported on each flotation line (102) and where the at least two culture media (103) are located between each pair of flotation media (101), as shown shows in figure 4. To control the depth of the culture system with tray (100), the flotation means (101) comprise buoyancy control means (buoyant or thrust) to control the depth of said flotation means (101), with respect to the line of where the buoyancy control means (buoyant) to control the depth of said flotation means (101) comprise fluid inlet valves, fluid outlet valves, valve control means, at least a fluid drive pump and wireless or wired means of communication to remotely command the control means.
EJEMPLO DE APLICACIÓN APPLICATION EXAMPLE
La tecnología y sus componentes han sido probados en una zona costera expuesta, la que se ubica en la zona de Punta Burea del Golfo de Arauco, Chile. Para comparar su desempeño respecto a una condición ambiental de menor oleaje y los sistemas tradicionales de linterna y una nueva denominada conos, se comparó con ostras cultivadas en los tres tipos de unidades de cultivo (bandejas, conos y linternas) respecto a la zona protegida ubicada en la Bahía de Coliumo, Chile. Se encontró que los mayores crecimientos en carne (porcentaje de peso de carne seca) se reportaron en el sistema de cultivo en bandejas en la zona expuesta de Punta Burea, Bio-Bio, Chile respecto a las de Coliumo, a una profundidad de 2 m, logrando un crecimiento similar a las linternas en la zona protegida, pero en una zona expuesta aplicando el presente modelo de utilidad, e incluso soportando dos temporales en período de prueba de 8 meses se logró los mismos crecimientos que en una zona protegida. The technology and its components have been tested in an exposed coastal area, which is located in the Punta Burea area of the Gulf of Arauco, Chile. To compare their performance with respect to an environmental condition of lower waves and the traditional lantern systems and a new one called cones, it was compared with oysters grown in the three types of culture units (trays, cones and lanterns) with respect to the protected area located in Coliumo Bay, Chile. It was found that the highest growths in meat (percentage of dry meat weight) were reported in the tray culture system in the exposed area of Punta Burea, Bio-Bio, Chile with respect to those of Coliumo, at a depth of 2 m. , achieving a growth similar to the lanterns in the protected area, but in an exposed area applying the present utility model, and even enduring two storms in a trial period of 8 months, the same growth was achieved as in a protected area.
Cabe de mencionar que, en una zona expuesta, los nutrientes son más abundantes, por lo que mejora el crecimiento de las especies a cultivar en dichas zonas expuestas. It is worth mentioning that, in an exposed area, nutrients are more abundant, which improves the growth of the species to be cultivated in said exposed areas.
Lo anterior demuestra que el presente modelos de utilidad, es aplicable de manera productiva, tanto para el cultivo tanto en zonas protegidas como en zonas no protegidas. The foregoing demonstrates that the present utility models are productively applicable, both for cultivation in protected areas and in non-protected areas.
Para facilitar la lectura, se presenta el siguiente listado de elementos componentes: Sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) Medios de flotación (101) Cabos de flotación (102) Medios de cultivo (103) Cabos de cultivo (104) Peso de cultivo (105) Peso de fondeo (110) Cabos de fondeo (111) Nivel de agua (200) To facilitate reading, the following list of component elements is presented: Culture system with tray (100) Flotation media (101) Flotation ropes (102) Culture media (103) Culture ropes (104) Culture weight ( 105) Anchorage weight (110) Anchorage lines (111) Water level (200)

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1- Un sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) que maximiza el cultivo acuícola y evita el estrés de dichos cultivos debido a la disminución del movimiento de dicho sistema de cultivo con bandeja, CARACTERIZADO porque el sistema de cultivo comprende: al menos un par de medios de flotación (101), colocados uno al lado del otro en donde sus lados horizontales son paralelos entre sí; unos primeros cabos de flotación (102) unen los extremos distales del par de medios de flotación (101) y unos segundos cabos de flotación (102) unen los extremos proximales del par de medios de flotación (101); cada medio de cultivo (103), del par de medios de cultivo (103), se une entre cada uno de los cabos de flotación (102), a través de unos cabos de cultivo (104), de manera que un medio de cultivo (103) esté entre los extremos distales del par de medios de flotación (101) y el otro medio de cultivo (103) esté entre los extremos proximales del par de medios de flotación (101), para mantener en equilibrio cada uno de medio de cultivo (103) mejorando con ello su estabilidad y minimizando el movimiento de dichos medios de cultivo (103); unos pesos de cultivo (105), están colocados operativamente debajo de cada medio de cultivo (103), para mantener su verticalidad; unos pesos de fondeo (110) se unen a unos medios de flotación (101), a través de cabos de fondeo (111), para evitar el desplazamiento del sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100). 1- A culture system with a tray (100) that maximizes aquaculture culture and avoids the stress of said cultures due to the decrease in the movement of said culture system with a tray, CHARACTERIZED in that the culture system comprises: at least a couple of floating means (101), placed side by side where their horizontal sides are parallel to each other; first buoyancy lines (102) join the distal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101) and second buoyancy lines (102) join the proximal ends of the pair of buoyancy means (101); each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is joined between each of the flotation lines (102), through culture lines (104), so that a culture medium (103) is between the distal ends of the pair of flotation media (101) and the other culture medium (103) is between the proximal ends of the pair of flotation media (101), to keep each of the culture media in equilibrium. culture (103) thereby improving its stability and minimizing movement of said culture media (103); culture weights (105) are operatively placed under each culture medium (103) to maintain its verticality; anchoring weights (110) are attached to flotation means (101), through anchoring ropes (111), to prevent displacement of the culture system with tray (100).
2- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque cada medio de cultivo (103), del par de medios de cultivo (103), se une al centro de cada uno de los cabos de flotación (102). 2- The culture system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that each culture medium (103), of the pair of culture media (103), is attached to the center of each of the flotation ropes (102).
3- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque la diferencia de peso en Kg. entre cada medio de cultivo (103), es de a lo más un 25%. 3- The culture system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the difference in weight in kg between each culture medium (103) is at most 25%.
4- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque comprende nueve pares de medios de cultivo (103). 4- The culture system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises nine pairs of culture media (103).
5- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1 , CARACTERIZADO porque los medios de cultivo (103) comprenden unas bandejas o cajas contenedoras de moluscos bivalvo y gasterópodo, o equinodermos a cultivar. 5- The culture system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the culture media (103) comprise trays or boxes containing bivalve molluscs and gastropods, or echinoderms to be cultivated.
6 6- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque comprende al menos dos medios de cultivo (103) sostenidos en cada cabo de flotación (102) y donde los al menos dos medios de cultivo (103) está ubicados entre cada par de medios de flotación (101). 6 6- The culture system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that it comprises at least two culture media (103) held in each flotation line (102) and where the at least two culture media (103 ) is located between each pair of flotation means (101).
7- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 1, CARACTERIZADO porque los medios de flotación (101) comprenden medios de control de flotabilidad (boyantes o empuje) para controlar la profundidad de dichos medios de flotación (101), respecto de la línea de flotación. 7- The cultivation system with tray (100) according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED in that the flotation means (101) comprise buoyancy control means (buoyant or thrust) to control the depth of said flotation means (101) , relative to the waterline.
8- El sistema de cultivo con bandeja (100) de acuerdo con la reivindicación 7, CARACTERIZADO porque los medios de control de flotabilidad (boyantes) para controlar la profundidad de dichos medios de flotación (101), comprenden unas válvulas de entrada de fluido, unas válvulas de salida de fluido, unos medios de control de válvulas, al menos una bomba impulsora de fluido y medios de comunicación inalámbrico o alámbricos para comandar de manera remota los medios de control. 8- The cultivation system with tray (100) according to claim 7, CHARACTERIZED in that the buoyancy control means (buoyant) to control the depth of said flotation means (101), comprise fluid inlet valves, some fluid outlet valves, some valve control means, at least one fluid drive pump and wireless or wired communication means to remotely command the control means.
7 7
PCT/CL2021/050129 2021-12-28 2021-12-28 Tray cultivation system that maximises aquaculture and prevents stress in said cultures due to the reduced movement of the cultivation system WO2023122838A1 (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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US3741159A (en) * 1970-08-12 1973-06-26 L Halaunbrenner Cage for breeding shellfish
US4766846A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-08-30 Aquiculture Climax Concept Inc. System and method for the culture of mollusks
ES2110301T3 (en) * 1994-05-18 1998-02-01 Grainocean DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF MOLLUSCS IN PARTICULAR OF OYSTERS.
US20090320766A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-12-31 Calinski Michael D Marine Habitat Systems
KR101641180B1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2016-07-20 전라남도 Abalone farming system in deep water
US10932452B2 (en) * 2010-04-07 2021-03-02 Steven J. Leslie Aquaculture assembly and method
ES2822176T3 (en) * 2016-07-29 2021-04-29 Genocean Aquaculture animal sea farming device

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3741159A (en) * 1970-08-12 1973-06-26 L Halaunbrenner Cage for breeding shellfish
US4766846A (en) * 1986-10-07 1988-08-30 Aquiculture Climax Concept Inc. System and method for the culture of mollusks
ES2110301T3 (en) * 1994-05-18 1998-02-01 Grainocean DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF MOLLUSCS IN PARTICULAR OF OYSTERS.
US20090320766A1 (en) * 2008-04-30 2009-12-31 Calinski Michael D Marine Habitat Systems
US10932452B2 (en) * 2010-04-07 2021-03-02 Steven J. Leslie Aquaculture assembly and method
KR101641180B1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2016-07-20 전라남도 Abalone farming system in deep water
ES2822176T3 (en) * 2016-07-29 2021-04-29 Genocean Aquaculture animal sea farming device

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