WO2023121477A1 - Système d'extraction de fluide de travail pour une machine de déplacement et procédé de fonctionnement du système - Google Patents

Système d'extraction de fluide de travail pour une machine de déplacement et procédé de fonctionnement du système Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023121477A1
WO2023121477A1 PCT/NO2022/050322 NO2022050322W WO2023121477A1 WO 2023121477 A1 WO2023121477 A1 WO 2023121477A1 NO 2022050322 W NO2022050322 W NO 2022050322W WO 2023121477 A1 WO2023121477 A1 WO 2023121477A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
working fluid
interior volume
condenser
separator
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2022/050322
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English (en)
Inventor
Trond BJERKAN
Original Assignee
Heaten As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heaten As filed Critical Heaten As
Publication of WO2023121477A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023121477A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/16—Filtration; Moisture separation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F25B1/02—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of reciprocating-piston type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/02—Lubrication
    • F04B39/0284—Constructional details, e.g. reservoirs in the casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
    • F25B31/002—Lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
    • F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/16—Lubrication

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems of thermal machines having a condensable working fluid and methods of operating such systems.
  • Thermal machines such as heat pumps are known devices. Heat pumps are generally used to heat indoor spaces or supply hot water to a user. Use of heat pumps is desirable as they provide for more sustainable heat than heating devices which use fossil fuels. Heat pumps transfer thermal energy from a low- temperature heat source to a high-temperature heat sink.
  • a refrigerant is used in the heat pump system.
  • the refrigerant is a specially selected fluid which absorbs or rejects heat as it circulates through the heat pump system.
  • a compressor in the form of a displacement device is used to pressurise the refrigerant and move the refrigerant through the system.
  • An expansion valve is used as a controlling device which controls the balance between the operating pressures/temperatures and refrigerant/working fluid flow in combination with the compressor.
  • the expansion valve provides a simple means for reducing the pressure, and hence the temperature, between the condenser section and the evaporator section of the heat pump, thereby completing the thermodynamic cycle, as will be easily understood by a person skilled in the art.
  • heat at high temperatures in the form of, for example, steam or hot water, which is extremely energy-intensive to produce, especially when primary energy sources are used.
  • industries utilising heat at high temperatures include paper, food and beverages, chemicals, automotive, metal, plastic, engineering, textiles and wood.
  • heat at high temperatures is used in processes such as drying, evaporation, pasteurisation, sterilisation, boiling, distillation, blanching, scalding, concentrating, tempering and smoking, to name merely a handful of examples.
  • Waste heat is usually not utilised due to the low temperature of such waste heat, which is lower than the temperature required in many industrial processes.
  • This waste heat can be upgraded using a high-temperature thermal machine such as a high-temperature heat pump, and thus reused, which has clear economic and environmental benefits.
  • Reciprocating compressors are best equipped to operate at temperatures above 100°C due to their largely similar structure to internal combustion engines designed for operating temperatures typically up to 900°C in the working chamber and with lubricant temperatures up to about 100°C.
  • Using a reciprocating compressor results in small amounts of working fluid blowby (working fluid leaking past the pistons) entering the internal volume filled with lubricant.
  • the working fluid condenses and mixes with the lubricant, reducing the viscosity of the lubricant.
  • a way to reduce the interference of working fluid in the lubricant is to heat the lubricant to a higher temperature to evaporate the working fluid therefrom. However, heating the lubricant also results in reduced viscosity and shorter service life.
  • At least one aim of the invention is to obviate or at least mitigate one or more drawbacks of prior art.
  • a working fluid extraction system for a displacement machine for removing a condensable working fluid from a working fluid/lubricant mix in an interior volume of the displacement machine separate from a working chamber of the displacement machine, the system comprising a condenser operatively connected to the interior volume, wherein the condenser is settable to a lower temperature than the temperature of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the condenser in use, or is settable to a lower pressure than the pressure of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the condenser in use, or is settable a lower temperature and lower pressure than the temperature and pressure of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the condenser in use, or is settable to a lower temperature than the saturation temperature of the working fluid in the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the condenser is use.
  • the condenser may be configured to condense the working fluid drawn from the interior volume.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a first fluid pump configured to pump working fluid from the interior volume to the condenser, to assist in the draw of working fluid from the working fluid/lubricant mix in the interior volume to the condenser.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a receptacle fluidly connected to the condenser to receive condensed working fluid in use.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a second fluid pump configured to pump condensed working fluid from the condenser to a working fluid circuit of a thermal machine comprising the displacement machine, such that the working fluid drawn from the working fluid/lubricant mix in the interior volume can be reintroduced into a working chamber of the displacement machine.
  • a second fluid pump configured to pump condensed working fluid from the condenser to a working fluid circuit of a thermal machine comprising the displacement machine, such that the working fluid drawn from the working fluid/lubricant mix in the interior volume can be reintroduced into a working chamber of the displacement machine.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a non-return valve arranged in fluid communication with the second fluid pump and the working fluid circuit, and configured to allow fluid to be pumped from the second fluid pump into the working fluid circuit, but not from the working fluid circuit to the second fluid pump.
  • a non-return valve arranged in fluid communication with the second fluid pump and the working fluid circuit, and configured to allow fluid to be pumped from the second fluid pump into the working fluid circuit, but not from the working fluid circuit to the second fluid pump.
  • the non-return valve may be configured to deliver fluid to a pressure reducing valve in the thermal machine.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a vent connected to the interior volume, and configured to allow excess working fluid to be expelled from the interior volume.
  • the vent may be a non-return valve.
  • the vent may be fluidly connected to a working fluid circuit of the thermal machine, such that expelled working fluid can be reintroduced into a working chamber of the displacement machine.
  • the displacement machine may be a compressor.
  • the working fluid extraction system may further comprise a fluid separator system for separating the condensable working fluid from the lubricant in the interior volume, the fluid separator system comprising: a fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator inlet operatively connected to the interior volume and configured to allow fluid communication between the interior volume and the fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator shielding member arranged at the fluid separator inlet and configured to restrict a quantity of working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator inlet; wherein the fluid separator chamber is configured in use to provide a deceleration of the working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator chamber from the fluid separator inlet, such that, in use, the working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator chamber is decelerated, thereby separating at least some working fluid from the lubricant.
  • a fluid separator system for separating the condensable working fluid from the lubricant in the interior volume
  • the fluid separator system comprising: a fluid separator chamber; a fluid
  • the fluid separator system may further comprise a fluid separator channel fluidly connected to the fluid separator chamber, such that in use separated working fluid can be evacuated from the fluid separator chamber through the fluid separator channel.
  • the condenser may be operatively connected to the interior volume via the fluid separator system, such that in use, working fluid can be separated from the working fluid/lubricant mix by the fluid separator chamber, and delivered to the condenser by the fluid separator channel.
  • a thermal machine comprising: a displacement machine comprising a working chamber and an interior volume; an evaporator; a pressure reducing valve; a recuperator; a receiver; a filter; a first condenser; a condensable working fluid; a shut-off valve located between the recuperator and the displacement machine; and a working fluid extraction system for removing working fluid from a working fluid/lubricant mix in the interior volume of the displacement machine, comprising a second condenser operatively connected to the interior volume, wherein the second condenser is settable to a lower temperature than the temperature of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the second condenser in use, or is settable to a lower pressure than the pressure of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the second condenser in use, or is settable to a lower temperature and lower pressure than the temperature and pressure of the interior volume such that working fluid is drawn from the interior volume to the
  • the displacement machine may be a compressor.
  • the thermal machine may further comprise a fluid separator system for separating the condensable working fluid from the lubricant in the interior volume, the fluid separator system comprising: a fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator inlet operatively connected to the interior volume and configured to allow fluid communication between the interior volume and the fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator shielding member arranged at the fluid separator inlet and configured to restrict a quantity of working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator inlet; wherein the fluid separator chamber is configured in use to provide a deceleration of fluid entering the fluid separator chamber from the fluid separator inlet, such that, in use, the working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator chamber is decelerated, thereby separating at least some working fluid from the lubricant.
  • a fluid separator system for separating the condensable working fluid from the lubricant in the interior volume
  • the fluid separator system comprising: a fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator inlet operatively connected to
  • the fluid separator system further comprises a fluid separator channel fluidly connected to the fluid separator chamber, such that in use separated working fluid can be evacuated from the fluid separator chamber through the fluid separator channel.
  • the condenser may be operatively connected to the interior volume via the fluid separator system, such that in use, working fluid can be separated from the working fluid/lubricant mix by the fluid separator chamber, and delivered to the condenser by the fluid separator channel.
  • a method of extracting working fluid from a working fluid/lubricant mix in an interior volume of a displacement machine comprising the steps of: providing a working fluid extraction system according to the first aspect of the invention; and one of the steps of: setting the temperature of the condenser to less than the temperature of the interior volume; or setting the pressure of the condenser to less than pressure of the interior volume; or setting the temperature of the condenser to less than the temperature of the interior volume and setting the pressure of the condenser to less than the pressure of the interior volume, such that working fluid in the interior volume is drawn to the condenser.
  • a method of extracting working fluid from a working fluid/lubricant mix in an interior volume of a displacement machine comprising the steps of: providing a working fluid extraction system according to the first aspect of the invention; separating the working fluid from the working fluid I lubricant mix in the fluid separator system; and one of the steps of: setting the temperature of the condenser to less than the temperature of the interior volume; or setting the pressure of the condenser to less than pressure of the interior volume; or setting the temperature of the condenser to less than the temperature of the interior volume and setting the pressure of the condenser to less than the pressure of the interior volume, such that separated working fluid is drawn to the condenser.
  • a fluid separator system for separating a condensable working fluid from a lubricant in a working fluid/lubricant mix
  • the fluid separator system comprising: a fluid separator chamber; a fluid separator inlet; a fluid separator shielding member arranged at the fluid separator inlet and configured to restrict a quantity of working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator inlet; wherein the fluid separator chamber is configured in use to provide a deceleration of fluid entering the fluid separator chamber from the fluid separator inlet, such that, in use, the working fluid/lubricant mix entering the fluid separator chamber is decelerated, thereby separating at least some of the working fluid from the lubricant.
  • the fluid separator system may further comprise a fluid separator channel fluidly connected to the fluid separator chamber, such that in use separated working fluid can be evacuated from the fluid separator chamber through the fluid separator channel.
  • a method of separating a working fluid from a working fluid/lubricant mix comprising the steps of: providing a fluid separator system according to the fifth aspect of the invention; passing a working fluid/lubricant mix past the shielding member, thereby delivering a restricted quantity of working fluid/lubricant mix to the fluid separator inlet; passing the working fluid/lubricant mix through the fluid separator inlet to the fluid separator chamber; decelerating the working fluid/lubricant mix in the working fluid chamber, thereby separating at least some of the working fluid from the working fluid I lubricant mix.
  • the method may further comprise a step of evacuating separated working fluid from the fluid separator chamber through the fluid separator channel.
  • This extraction system may be advantageous in that it may allow improved performance of lubricants in thermal machines by removing working fluid from the working fluid/lubricant mix in the interior volume without requiring the temperature to be increased in the interior volume.
  • Fig. 1 shows a standard heat pump system using a piston compressor
  • Fig. 2 shows a detailed view of a piston/cylinder arrangement of the piston compressor used in the heat pump of Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of a working fluid extraction system in use with a displacement machine in a thermal machine in accordance with an aspect of the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows a piston compressor comprising a fluid separator system.
  • Fig 1 shows a prior art thermal machine comprising a displacement machine which utilises a condensable working fluid. More specifically, Fig 1 shows a prior art heat pump system 100 comprising a compressor 110 in the form of a piston compressor, an evaporator 120, a pressure reducing valve 130, a recuperator 140, a receiver 150, a filter 160, a condenser 170, working fluid 180 and lubricant 181 .
  • the compressor 110 comprises a housing 111 , a heating element 112 and a vent 113 which will be explained in more detail below.
  • a plurality of pistons 114, 114’, 114”, 114”’ are arranged with connection to a crank shaft 114”” which is driven by a motor 116.
  • the compressor 110 has a working chamber 117 where the working fluid 180 is compressed by the pistons 114, 114’, 114”, 114’” and an internal volume 118 comprising the lubricant 181.
  • Fig 2 shows further details of one of the pistons 114 of Fig. 1 . In use working fluid 180 is compressed by the piston 114 in the working chamber 115.
  • working fluid 180 may leak past the piston 114 and move from the working chamber 115 into the internal volume 118 which is substantially filled with lubricant 181 to prolong the service life of the compressor 110. When this happens, working fluid 180 mixes with the lubricant 181 and negatively modifies the properties of the lubricant 181 , thereby resulting in decreased service life of the compressor 110 and/or more regular maintenance required.
  • the heating element 112 heats the lubricant 181 I working fluid 180 mix in the internal volume 118 to ensure that the working fluid 180 evaporates from the lubricant 181 and to raise the pressure inside the internal volume 118 to force the evaporated working fluid 180 out of the internal volume 118 through the vent 113.
  • the vent 113 is typically in the form of a non-return valve.
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of an improved thermal machine in the form of a heat pump system 200 using a working fluid extraction system.
  • the system 200 comprises a displacement machine in the form of a compressor 210, in the form of a piston compressor, comprising a housing 211 .
  • a plurality of pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214”’ are arranged with connection to a crank shaft 214”” which is driven by a motor 216.
  • the compressor 210 has a several working chambers which can be grouped together as a working chamber 217 to aid explanation.
  • the compressor 210 may have one or any number of working chambers depending on the number of pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214’” in the system 200, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
  • working fluid 280 is compressed by the pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214’” when the system 200 is in use.
  • the compressor 210 also comprises an internal volume 218 comprising a lubricant 281.
  • the internal volume 218 is a space inside the compressor where working fluid 280 is not substantially compressed by the pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214’”.
  • the system 200 further comprises an evaporator 220, a pressure reducing valve 230, a recuperator 240, a receiver 250, a filter 260, a first condenser 270, working fluid 280 and lubricant 281.
  • the internal volume 218 is substantially filled with lubricant 281 to prolong the service life of the compressor 210.
  • some working fluid 280 may mix with the lubricant 281 in the internal volume 218 to provide a working fluid 2801 lubricant mix 281 in the internal volume 218.
  • the heat pump system 200 further comprises a shut-off valve 241 between the recuperator 240 and the compressor 210.
  • the heat pump system 200 further comprises a second condenser 271 operatively connected to the internal volume 218 such that working fluid 280 in the working fluid 280 / lubricant 281 mix can be drawn from the internal volume 218 to the second condenser 271 where it is condensed.
  • the working fluid 280 may flow without assistance from the internal volume 218 to the second condenser 271 .
  • the greater the temperature difference between the hotter internal volume 218 and the cooler second condenser 271 the more efficiently the working fluid 280 will flow to the second condenser 271 without assistance.
  • the system 200 may optionally further comprise a first fluid pump 290 located between the second condenser 271 and the internal volume 218.
  • the first fluid pump 290 is arranged to pump working fluid 280 from within the internal volume 218 to the second condenser 271.
  • Such a first fluid pump 290 is particularly useful if the required temperature differential between the internal volume 218 and the second condenser 271 cannot be achieved.
  • the system 200 may still comprise a first fluid pump 290 to improve the efficiency of the removal of working fluid 280 from within the internal volume 218.
  • working fluid 280 which passes (blow-by) the pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214”’ may be expelled from the system 200 once it has been extracted from the internal volume 218, to for example a suitable storage receptacle (not shown).
  • the working fluid 280 in the system may be replenished to replace lost working fluid 280 discharged to the storage receptacle by introducing new working fluid 280 into the system from a working fluid reservoir (not shown).
  • the storage receptacle and working fluid reservoir may be the same vessel, or may be different vessels which may be fluidly connected to allow transfer from the storage receptacle to the working fluid reservoir.
  • the storage receptacle and working fluid reservoir may be different vessels which may not be fluidly connected to allow transfer from the storage receptacle to the working fluid receptable.
  • the working fluid in the storage receptacle may need to be discharged and/or additional working fluid 280 may need to be added to the working fluid reservoir during servicing of the heat pump system 200.
  • a second fluid pump 291 is connected to the second condenser 271 to transport the working fluid 280 extracted from the internal volume 218 back to the normal working fluid circuit of the heat pump system 200.
  • the working fluid 280 which has leaked past any of the pistons 214, 214’, 214”, 214”’, commonly referred to as ‘blow-by’, is efficiently extracted from the working fluid 2801 lubricant 281 mix and reintroduced back into the working fluid circuit where it is desirable that it is maintained such that it does not change the carefully selected properties of the lubricant 281 .
  • the working fluid 280 recovered from the internal volume 218 is reintroduced through a nonreturn valve 292 into the working fluid circuit and mixed with the working fluid 280 in the working fluid circuit before the combined working fluid 280 enters the pressure reducing valve 230.
  • the working fluid 280 recovered from the housing 211 may be reintroduced through a non-return valve 292 into the working fluid circuit and mixed with the working fluid 280 in the working fluid circuit after the pressure reducing valve 230, i.e. downstream of the pressure reducing valve 230.
  • using the presently described system 200 allows the condensation temperature at the second condenser 271 to be adjusted (for example by a control system (not shown)) independently of the evaporation temperature at the evaporator 220, and allows the condensation temperature of the second condenser 271 to be maintained sufficiently low relative to the evaporation temperature of the evaporator 220 such that a negative pressure occurs in the internal volume 218, which sucks the working fluid 280 from within the internal volume 218 towards the second condenser 271 .
  • the presently described system 200 can thus allow a lower pressure and temperature to be maintained in the internal volume 218 which can ensure evaporation of working fluid 280 from the working fluid 2801 lubricant 281 mix, thereby maintaining the desired properties of the lubricant 281 including the desired viscosity.
  • the heat pump system 200 of Fig 3 may in some examples further comprise a vent (not shown in Fig 3), similar to the vent 113 of the system 100 described in Fig 1 , as a safety feature to ensure that working fluid 280 breaching the pistons can always be vented from the internal volume 218.
  • Fig 4 shows a simplified drawing of a piston compressor 310 in a so called “V”-configuration, comprising a compressor block 311 , a first cylinder head 312 and a second cylinder head 313.
  • the compressor 310 further comprises first and second pistons 314, 314’ angularly separated by about 90° as shown.
  • the pistons 314, 314’ are arranged with connection to a crank shaft 314”” which is driven by a motor (not shown).
  • the crank shaft 314”” comprises counterweights 315 to reduce vibration.
  • the compressor 310 may comprise many more pistons 314, 314’.
  • the compressor 310 has a several working chambers which can be grouped together as a working chamber 317 to aid explanation. It will be understood that the compressor 310 may have one or any number of working chambers 317 depending on the number of pistons 314, 314’, as will be apparent to a person skilled in the art.
  • the compressor 310 further comprises a first inlet valve 316A and a first outlet valve 316B associated with the first piston 314 and a second inlet valve 316’A and a second outlet valve 316’B associated with the second piston 314’.
  • the compressor comprises standard first valve control components 319 and standard second valve control components 319’ which are configured to open and close the first and second inlet and outlet valves 316A, 316B, 316’A, 316’B as a person skilled in the art will be familiar.
  • the configuration of the first and second valves control components 319, 319’ may take many forms, and are not explained here in the interests of brevity and clarity.
  • the compressor 310 also comprises an internal volume 318 comprising a lubricant 381.
  • the internal volume 318 is a space inside the compressor 310 where working fluid is not substantially compressed by the pistons 314, 314’.
  • a working fluid may undergo heat exchange in one or more heat exchangers (not shown).
  • the working fluid is led to the compressor typically through a pipe or a manifold.
  • working fluid may leak past the pistons 314, 314’ and move from the working chamber 317 into the internal volume 318 which is substantially filled with lubricant 381 to prolong the service life of the compressor 310.
  • working fluid mixes with the lubricant 381 and negatively modifies the properties of the lubricant 381 , thereby resulting in decreased service life of the compressor 310 and/or more regular maintenance required, as previously explained.
  • the working fluid may be separable from the lubricant 381 within the compressor 310, and without requiring further processing, i.e. it can be directly recycled or reintroduced into another part of the compressor 310 or to another system, for example a heat pump system, which is compressor is part of.
  • the compressor 310 may be attached to a second condenser
  • the compressor 310 shown in Fig 3 comprises a fluid separator system 340 to separate at least some of the leaked working fluid from the lubricant 381 within the compressor 310.
  • Such separation ensures that at least some of the working fluid is sufficiently separated to be effectively processed by downstream processes which, as in the example given in Fig 3, may return the working fluid to another part of a heat pump system 200 via the second condenser 271 .
  • downstream processes which, as in the example given in Fig 3, may return the working fluid to another part of a heat pump system 200 via the second condenser 271 .
  • the presence of lubricant 381 may affect the performance of the second condenser 271.
  • a thin layer of lubricant 381 on a working surface of the second condenser 271 may drastically reduce the heat transfer coefficient of the working surface, thereby drastically affecting performance.
  • the configuration of the fluid separator system 340 to allow separation of at least some of the working fluid from the working fluid I lubricant 381 mix within the compressor 310 is now explained.
  • the fluid separator system 340 comprises a fluid separator channel 341 , a fluid separator shielding member 342, a fluid separator chamber 343 and a fluid separator inlet 344.
  • the fluid separator channel 341 is fluidly connected to the internal volume 318 of the compressor 310.
  • a working fluid I lubricant 381 mix is directed past the fluid separator shielding member 342 and into a fluid separator chamber 343 through the fluid separator inlet 344.
  • the shielding member 342 functions to limit the amount of lubricant 381 droplets which are carried into the fluid separator chamber 343 together with the working fluid.
  • the fluid separator chamber 343 has sufficient volumetric space to ensure that the working fluid velocity is reduced when the working fluid I lubricant 381 mix enters the fluid separator chamber 343, and droplets of lubricant 381 are thereby separated from the working fluid before the working fluid is evacuated through the fluid separator channel 341 and allowed to proceed to a downstream collector or recycling system, such as the above-described second condenser 271 arrangement described with respect to Fig 3, or to be directly used within the compressor 310.
  • a downstream collector or recycling system such as the above-described second condenser 271 arrangement described with respect to Fig 3, or to be directly used within the compressor 310.
  • a 20-30kW condenser may be used with a 1 MW compressor. In other examples, a 100-150kW condenser may be used with a 5MW compressor. In other examples, a 200kW-300kW condenser may be used with a 10MW compressor.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)

Abstract

Système d'extraction de fluide de travail pour une machine de déplacement (210) pour éliminer un fluide de travail condensable (280) à partir d'un mélange fluide de travail / lubrifiant dans un volume intérieur (218) de la machine de déplacement (210) séparée d'une chambre de travail (217) de la machine de déplacement (210), le système comprenant un condenseur (271) relié de manière fonctionnelle au volume intérieur (218), le condenseur (271) pouvant être réglé à une température et/ou une pression plus basses que la température et/ou la pression du volume intérieur (218) de sorte que le fluide de travail (280) est aspiré du volume intérieur (218) au condenseur (271) lors de l'utilisation.
PCT/NO2022/050322 2021-12-23 2022-12-20 Système d'extraction de fluide de travail pour une machine de déplacement et procédé de fonctionnement du système WO2023121477A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20211589 2021-12-23
NO20211589A NO20211589A1 (en) 2021-12-23 2021-12-23 A working fluid extraction system for a displacement machine and a method of operating the system

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WO2023121477A1 true WO2023121477A1 (fr) 2023-06-29

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PCT/NO2022/050322 WO2023121477A1 (fr) 2021-12-23 2022-12-20 Système d'extraction de fluide de travail pour une machine de déplacement et procédé de fonctionnement du système

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WO (1) WO2023121477A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

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JPH0498051A (ja) * 1990-08-10 1992-03-30 Daikin Ind Ltd 冷凍装置の運転制御装置
KR20030066044A (ko) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-09 한라공조주식회사 압축기 내장형 오일 분리기
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US20090000872A1 (en) * 2006-01-05 2009-01-01 Hiroyuki Yokoyama Compressor
US20190257230A1 (en) * 2016-10-26 2019-08-22 Viking Heat Engines As Fluid Separator for a Displacement Machine and a Method for Separating Lubricant and Working Fluid in a Displacement Machine
EP3693684A1 (fr) * 2019-02-05 2020-08-12 Carrier Corporation Séparateur et procédé de séparation de lubrifiant à partir d'un réfrigérant gazeux chargé en lubrifiant

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