WO2023121108A1 - Chambre de combustion de gaz industriel utilisant un gradient de concentration de combustible et son procédé de fonctionnement - Google Patents

Chambre de combustion de gaz industriel utilisant un gradient de concentration de combustible et son procédé de fonctionnement Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023121108A1
WO2023121108A1 PCT/KR2022/020185 KR2022020185W WO2023121108A1 WO 2023121108 A1 WO2023121108 A1 WO 2023121108A1 KR 2022020185 W KR2022020185 W KR 2022020185W WO 2023121108 A1 WO2023121108 A1 WO 2023121108A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuel
concentration gradient
supply pipe
industrial gas
oxidizing agent
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2022/020185
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
이민정
곽영태
고창복
이은경
이대근
김승곤
정우남
이후경
서동명
김남수
Original Assignee
한국에너지기술연구원
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 한국에너지기술연구원 filed Critical 한국에너지기술연구원
Publication of WO2023121108A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023121108A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/02—Structural details of mounting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C5/00—Disposition of burners with respect to the combustion chamber or to one another; Mounting of burners in combustion apparatus
    • F23C5/08—Disposition of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an industrial gas combustor using a radial fuel concentration gradient and an operating method thereof.
  • combustors are widely used in various fields such as thermal power plants, waste treatment combustion furnaces, gasifiers, fuel cell reformers and heaters, and gas turbines.
  • Existing representative low-emission combustion techniques include fuel multi-stage technology, air multi-stage technology, combustion gas recirculation technology, combustion gas internal recirculation technology, re-combustion technique, and OFA technique.
  • this combustion technique has disadvantages in that an additional external device is required or a peripheral device having a complicated structure is required, and there is a limit for low emission. Therefore, recently, in order to overcome the above disadvantages, a combustion technology that integrates and optimizes a number of low-emission combustion techniques is being researched/developed.
  • Prior Publication No. 10-2016-0144975 relates to a burner (Prior Art 1), and as shown in FIG. 1, in a burner in which MILD combustion occurs, recirculation flue gas is directly sucked from a combustion chamber by an emitter supplied with a combustion agent.
  • a burner comprising the formation of a mixture of fuel-recycled flue gas-combustible in the combustion chamber and subsequent introduction of this mixture into the combustion chamber.
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0003052 discloses at least one combustion nozzle, a combustion nozzle guide provided at each top of the combustion nozzle, and an end provided at the top of the combustion nozzle guide.
  • a gas turbine combustor comprising a cover, a premix nozzle into which each combustion nozzle is inserted, a tube plate including an opening of the premix nozzle, and a cap surrounding an outer circumferential surface of the tube plate, wherein the cap is a porous plate including at least one hole. is written about.
  • Registered Patent No. 10-1738946 configures the flame by optimizing the split flame technology, air multi-stage technology, fuel partial pre-mixing technology and fuel gas recirculation technology, are listed.
  • a conventional ultra-low emission combustor includes a flame generating unit for generating a first flame by combusting mixed fuel and air; and a multi-stage air supply unit into which a portion of the flame generating unit is introduced and supplies combustion gas or air to a region of a second flame in the combustion chamber.
  • Patent Publication No. 10-2017-0047869 relates to a combustor (prior art 4), and as shown in FIG. 4, it is composed of a multi-stage combustion method, and rich burn and lean combustion are performed in a single combustor.
  • the mixing characteristics are improved to reduce the generation of pollutants including NOx, and the same effect as FGR without the need for a separate configuration for flue gas recirculation (FGR)
  • FGR flue gas recirculation
  • It is configured to obtain a more pollutant such as NOx compared to the existing combustion method, and at the same time, by forming the shape of one of the combustion chambers in the form of a venturi and giving a turn to the air inlet
  • It relates to an ultra-low NOx combustor using multi-stage combustion configured to improve mixing characteristics and ease of application by improving the structure of the combustor.
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel-rich-lean pre-mixed industrial gas combustor according to Prior Art 5
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG.
  • the fuel-rich-lean pre-mixed industrial gas combustor includes an oxidizing agent supply chamber 10, an injection block 20, and an orifice 25 for fuel injection.
  • the oxidizing agent supply chamber 10 includes an oxidizing agent chamber 11 into which an oxidizing agent is supplied, an output end 12 having one side open and having a smaller inner diameter than the chamber, and between the oxidizing agent chamber 11 and the output end 12. A narrowing portion 13 having a gradually reduced diameter is provided.
  • the injection block 20 is configured to surround the output end 12 of the oxidant supply chamber 10, and is provided in the inner central portion to supply fuel to the fuel chamber 21 and the inlet end of the oxidant supply chamber 10. It has a plurality of injection channels 22 through which the oxidizer is introduced and the fuel and oxidizer are mixed and injected.
  • a fuel injection orifice 25 is provided between the fuel chamber 21 of the injection block 20 and each injection channel 22 so that the fuel in the fuel chamber 21 is injected into the injection channel 22. It consists of
  • This fuel-rich-lean pre-mixed industrial gas combustor can control combustion characteristics (flame shape/emissions) under constant combustion load and air ratio operating conditions, and provides rich/lean fuel in multiple stages in the circumferential direction of the combustor outlet under constant combustion load and air ratio operating conditions. Premixed gas formation becomes possible.
  • the flame shape and flame temperature can be controlled by additionally injecting oxygen as an oxidizing agent to adjust the spatial oxygen concentration, and the oxidizing agent supply chamber having a restrictor and a spray block having a plurality of spray channels (straight or spiral), and a single flow into the spray channel Alternatively, a plurality of orifices for fuel injection are formed, and the diameter, cross-section, shape, and number of fuel injection orifices for each injection channel are changed to achieve rich or lean fuel pre-mixed injection according to the difference in fuel injection amount according to the injection channel. It is possible to secure the directional multi-stage pre-mixing effect and characteristics.
  • post-processing facilities such as SCR facilities have been extensively applied in the steel field, but the low NOx emission characteristics of the combustion system itself are more important in order to respond to strengthened environmental regulations.
  • the main performance indicators of the radiant tube heating system are turndown ratio, surface temperature uniformity, and NOx.
  • the fuel rich and lean premixed industrial gas combustor (Registration Patent No. 10-2014828) according to Prior Art 5 has the advantage of being able to adjust the air-fuel ratio independently by configuring blocks in which fuel and oxidizer vertically intersect in the circumferential direction, but There is a disadvantage in that the pressure loss is large because the passage of movement is limited.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above conventional problems, and according to an embodiment of the present invention, as a means to solve the problem that the air movement path is restricted by the block and the pressure loss is large, the main
  • the flow disturbance of the oxidant (air) which is a flow flow
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial gas combustor using a radial fuel concentration gradient and an operating method thereof.
  • the present invention by forming a continuous linear concentration gradient, it is possible to adjust the air-fuel ratio in the radial direction and to control the local fuel-air mixture ratio in more detail.
  • the purpose is to provide a used industrial gas burner and its operation method.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial gas combustor using a radial fuel concentration gradient and an operating method thereof, which enable more independent combustion control since the concentration gradient can be adjusted separately from the flame generated at the boundary.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an industrial gas combustor using a directional fuel concentration gradient and an operating method thereof.
  • a first object of the present invention is an industrial gas combustor comprising: an oxidizing agent supply chamber having an oxidizing agent chamber into which an oxidizing agent is supplied; and an oxidizing agent supply chamber having an output end through which the supplied oxidizing agent is output to the front side with the front side being open; a fuel supply pipe supplying fuel to the inside through a supply end and located inside the oxidizer chamber to supply fuel to the output end; and a fuel injection unit provided at the front end surface of the fuel supply pipe and injecting the fuel supplied through the fuel supply pipe toward the front side to have a concentration gradient.
  • the fuel injection unit includes a plurality of fuel injection nozzles extending in a radial direction from the front end surface of the fuel supply pipe and spaced apart from each other by a specific interval in the circumferential direction of the fuel supply pipe, each of the fuel injection nozzles It may be characterized in that a plurality of multi-stage injection nozzles for injecting the fuel are provided on the front surface so that the fuel injection amount increases in a radial direction based on the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply pipe.
  • the multi-stage injection nozzle is composed of an injection hole, and the injection hole may be characterized in that it is configured to gradually increase in diameter in a radial direction relative to a central axis in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply pipe.
  • the concentration gradient is adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the injection hole.
  • the industrial gas combustor may be characterized in that it is installed in the inner space of the radiant tube for heating the radiant tube.
  • It may be characterized in that it further comprises a flame guide unit connected to the front side of the output end to adjust the flame discharge speed of the exit end.
  • the flame guide unit may be characterized in that it has an outlet end having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the output end, and a throttling portion provided between the outlet end and the output end and gradually decreasing in diameter toward the front side.
  • constriction part may be characterized in that it is composed of a curved shape having a curvature.
  • the industrial gas combustor is installed in the inner space of the radiant pipe for heating the radiant pipe, and the angle and curvature of the restrictor are adjusted to adjust the flame discharge speed at the outlet end to mix exhaust gas by secondary recirculation of the surrounding flow It may be characterized in that the temperature of the radiation tube is uniformized by improving the.
  • a second object of the present invention is a method of operating a gas combustor applied for heating the inside of a radiant tube, comprising: supplying an oxidant to an oxidant chamber of an oxidant supply chamber, and supplying fuel through a supply end of a fuel supply pipe; oxidizing agent is outputted through an output end opened in front of the oxidizing agent chamber, and fuel supplied through a fuel injection unit provided at a front end surface of the fuel supply pipe is injected toward the front side to have a concentration gradient; And adjusting the flame discharge speed of the outlet end by a flame guide unit connected to the front side of the output end; including, wherein the fuel injection part is formed extending in a radial direction from the front end surface of the fuel supply pipe, and mutually the fuel It includes a plurality of fuel injection nozzles disposed at a specific interval in the circumferential direction of the supply pipe, and on a front surface of each of the fuel injection nozzles, the fuel is injected so that the fuel injection amount increases in a radial direction
  • the main flow By minimizing the flow disturbance of the phosphorus oxidizer (air), installing a plurality of fuel multi-stage injection nozzles in the radial direction, adjusting the size of the flame hole, applying a linear fuel multi-stage technique, and forming a continuous concentration gradient.
  • the concentration gradient can be adjusted separately from the flame generated at the boundary where the combustion reaction starts, so that more independent combustion control is possible.
  • the exhaust gas by the secondary recirculation of the ambient flow is controlled by adjusting the flame discharge speed at the outlet end through the angle adjustment of the restrictor. It has the effect of improving the temperature uniformity of the radiant tube by improving the mixing.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing circulation of a burner according to prior art 1;
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the side of the combustor according to Prior Art 3;
  • FIG. 4 is a view schematically showing the specific configuration of the ultra-low NOx combustor using multi-stage combustion according to Prior Art 4 and the flow flow therein;
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel rich-lean pre-mixed industrial gas combustor according to Prior Art 5;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an industrial gas combustor using a fuel concentration gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial perspective view of an industrial gas combustor using a fuel concentration gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a B-B cross-sectional view of Figure 7;
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a fuel concentration graph according to a radial direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • oxidant supply unit 20 injection block 21: fuel chamber
  • injection channel 23 injection channel inlet end 24: injection channel discharge end
  • FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an industrial gas combustor using a fuel concentration gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 shows a partial perspective view of an industrial gas combustor using a fuel concentration gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a BB cross-sectional view of FIG. 7 .
  • FIG. 10 illustrates a fuel concentration graph according to a radial direction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the industrial gas combustor using the fuel concentration gradient may include an oxidizer supply chamber, a fuel supply pipe, a fuel injection unit, and the like.
  • the oxidizing agent supply chamber 10 includes an oxidizing agent chamber 11 through which an oxidizing agent is supplied to the inside through an oxidizing agent supplying unit 14, and an output terminal 12 having an open front side and outputting the supplied oxidizing agent to the front side. is configured to have
  • the fuel supply pipe 30 is supplied with fuel to the inside through the supply end 31 and is located inside the oxidizer chamber to supply fuel to the output end.
  • the fuel injection unit is provided on the front end surface side of the fuel supply pipe 30 and is configured to inject the fuel supplied through the fuel supply pipe 30 toward the front side to have a concentration gradient.
  • the front end surface of the fuel supply pipe 30 is composed of a closed surface, and a plurality of fuel injection nozzle parts 32 are formed at the front end side of the fuel supply pipe 30.
  • Each may be configured to extend in the radial direction and to be spaced apart from each other at a specific interval in the circumferential direction of the fuel supply pipe 30.
  • each fuel injection nozzle unit 32 is provided on the front surface of each fuel injection nozzle unit 32 to inject fuel so that the fuel injection amount increases in the radial direction relative to the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply pipe 30.
  • the multi-stage injection nozzle 33 may be composed of injection holes, and as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, these injection holes are gradually formed in the radial direction relative to the central axis in the longitudinal direction of the fuel supply pipe 30. It can be configured to increase in diameter.
  • the concentration gradient can be adjusted by adjusting the diameter of the injection hole.
  • the industrial gas combustor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention may be installed in the inner space of the radiant tube 1 for heating.
  • the oxidizer air
  • the oxidizer air
  • the industrial gas combustor 100 using a radial fuel concentration gradient according to an embodiment of the present invention, by forming a continuous linear concentration gradient, it is possible to adjust the air-fuel ratio in the radial direction, and the local fuel-air mixing ratio can be controlled more precisely.
  • the concentration gradient can be adjusted separately from the flame generated at the boundary where the combustion reaction starts, enabling more independent combustion control.
  • the industrial gas combustor using the fuel concentration gradient is connected to the front side of the output end and adjusts the flame discharge speed of the exit end 42.
  • a flame guide unit (40) may be configured.
  • the flame guide unit 40 is provided with an outlet end 42 having a diameter smaller than that of the output end 12, and between the outlet end 42 and the output end 12, and the diameter gradually decreases toward the front. It may be configured to have a narrowing portion 41 .
  • the bridge portion 41 may be configured in a curved shape having a curvature as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 .
  • the industrial gas combustor 100 may be installed in the inner space of the radiant pipe 1 for heating the radiant pipe 1, and by adjusting the angle and curvature of the restrictor 41, the outlet end 42 ), the temperature of the radiant tube 1 can be made uniform by adjusting the flame discharge speed of the radiant tube 1 by improving the mixing of the exhaust gas by the secondary recirculation of the surrounding flow.
  • the flame discharge speed of the outlet end 42 is adjusted by adjusting the angle and curvature of the restrictor 41 to It is possible to improve the temperature uniformity of the radiant tube 1 by improving exhaust gas mixing by secondary recirculation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une chambre de combustion de gaz industriel utilisant un gradient de concentration de carburant dans une direction radiale et son procédé de fonctionnement, et plus particulièrement, une chambre de combustion de gaz industriel à l'aide d'un gradient de concentration de carburant, comprenant : une chambre d'alimentation d'oxydant ayant une chambre d'oxydant, dans laquelle un oxydant est fourni, et une extrémité de sortie, qui présente une partie avant ouverte destinée à produire l'oxydant qui a été fourni à celle-ci ; un tuyau d'alimentation en carburant, dans lequel du carburant est fourni par l'intermédiaire d'une extrémité d'alimentation et qui est situé à l'intérieur de la chambre d'oxydant pour fournir le combustible vers l'extrémité de sortie ; et une partie d'injection de carburant disposée au niveau de la surface d'extrémité avant du tuyau d'alimentation en carburant, pour injecter le carburant fourni à travers le tuyau d'alimentation en carburant vers la partie avant de celui-ci de manière à créer un gradient de concentration.
PCT/KR2022/020185 2021-12-23 2022-12-13 Chambre de combustion de gaz industriel utilisant un gradient de concentration de combustible et son procédé de fonctionnement WO2023121108A1 (fr)

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KR1020210185682A KR102437325B1 (ko) 2021-12-23 2021-12-23 연료농도 구배를 이용한 공업용 가스연소기 및 그 작동방법
KR10-2021-0185682 2021-12-23

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102437325B1 (ko) * 2021-12-23 2022-08-30 한국에너지기술연구원 연료농도 구배를 이용한 공업용 가스연소기 및 그 작동방법

Citations (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR850000951A (ko) * 1983-07-08 1985-03-14 후루하시 사도루 자동 제빵기
JP2007231924A (ja) * 2005-05-24 2007-09-13 Denso Corp 内燃機関用燃料噴射弁
KR101204457B1 (ko) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-23 주식회사 수국 저녹스형 버너
US20150337782A1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2015-11-26 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection valve
KR20180065523A (ko) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-18 한국생산기술연구원 급속 혼합형 버너 및 이를 포함하는 연소 시스템
KR102437325B1 (ko) * 2021-12-23 2022-08-30 한국에너지기술연구원 연료농도 구배를 이용한 공업용 가스연소기 및 그 작동방법

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SG11201606851WA (en) 2014-04-10 2016-10-28 Sofinter S P A Burner
KR101820869B1 (ko) 2015-06-30 2018-01-22 두산중공업 주식회사 유체 가이드를 포함한 연소기
KR101777320B1 (ko) 2015-10-26 2017-09-26 한국기계연구원 다단연소를 이용한 초저 NOx 연소기
KR101738946B1 (ko) 2016-04-07 2017-05-23 한국생산기술연구원 초 저공해 연소기

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR850000951A (ko) * 1983-07-08 1985-03-14 후루하시 사도루 자동 제빵기
JP2007231924A (ja) * 2005-05-24 2007-09-13 Denso Corp 内燃機関用燃料噴射弁
KR101204457B1 (ko) * 2011-05-18 2012-11-23 주식회사 수국 저녹스형 버너
US20150337782A1 (en) * 2011-08-03 2015-11-26 Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd. Fuel injection valve
KR20180065523A (ko) * 2016-12-08 2018-06-18 한국생산기술연구원 급속 혼합형 버너 및 이를 포함하는 연소 시스템
KR102437325B1 (ko) * 2021-12-23 2022-08-30 한국에너지기술연구원 연료농도 구배를 이용한 공업용 가스연소기 및 그 작동방법

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