WO2023119413A1 - Hbvの糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質測定法 - Google Patents
Hbvの糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質測定法 Download PDFInfo
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- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/576—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for hepatitis
- G01N33/5761—Hepatitis B
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- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/577—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor involving monoclonal antibodies binding reaction mechanisms characterised by the use of monoclonal antibodies; monoclonal antibodies per se are classified with their corresponding antigens
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- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
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- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/415—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from plants
- G01N2333/42—Lectins, e.g. concanavalin, phytohaemagglutinin
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2470/00—Immunochemical assays or immunoassays characterised by the reaction format or reaction type
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a kit for specifically and simply measuring the glycosylated surface antigen protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV).
- HBV hepatitis B virus
- HBV Hepatitis B virus
- Non-Patent Documents 1-5 Although there are vaccines against HBV, about 30 million people are still newly infected annually, and 4.5 million people are still undergoing treatment for chronic hepatitis (Non-Patent Documents 1, 2).
- Non-Patent Documents 6-8 There is no doubt that the goal of HBV treatment is to improve life prognosis and QOL, but the specific goal of clinical treatment is the disappearance of quantitative HBsAg (quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen) in the blood. , (Non-Patent Documents 6-8). However, current treatment with interferon preparations and nucleic acid analog preparations hardly leads to the disappearance of the hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein (HBsAg), and the development of new treatments has become extremely active again. (Non-Patent Documents 6-8).
- HBsAg hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein
- M protein M-HBs protein
- Non-Patent Documents 9 and 10 MS (mass spectrometry) analysis has clarified the sugar chain structure.
- S-HBs one N-type sugar chain is added to the asparagine at amino acid position 146 (N146), but not all N146 are sugar chains, and the sugar chain addition ratio is unknown.
- N146 amino acid position 146
- the N-glycan is modified with sialic acid. It has been experimentally proven that N-type sugar chains added to S-HBs play a role in extracellular secretion of HBV particles (including blood) (Non-Patent Documents 11-13).
- Non-Patent Document 14 the biggest problem of N-type glycosylation in clinical practice is related to avoidance of viral hosts such as humans from immunity.
- HBV is released into the blood after wrapping itself with sugar chains derived from the host. Therefore, from the point of view of the host's immune cells, it is thought that HBV escapes elimination by the immune system as "self" sugar chains.
- the spread of the N-type sugar chain branch (branch of the sugar chain) covers the antigen recognition site of the virus and prevents it from being recognized by the immune system.
- the virus itself changes the glycosylation site by mutation. For example, it is well known that glycine at amino acid position 130 (G130) is replaced with asparagine (G130N), resulting in ectopic sugar chain addition.
- Non-Patent Document 15 Antibodies to such S-HBs have been experimentally shown to neutralize normal HBV, but have failed to neutralize glycovariants ( Non-Patent Document 16). Thus, it is clinically a big problem that the therapeutic effect is greatly changed by the difference in the glycosylation of S-HBs.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a method for measuring hepatitis B virus (HBV) specifically, simply, and with high accuracy.
- HBV hepatitis B virus
- glycoproteins such as glycosylated S-HBs
- antibodies that detect glycopeptides which are epitopes
- HBV with "self-glycans” is still difficult to detect.
- glycosylation part changes due to mutation, even if an antibody against a specific glycopeptide sequence is produced, it is not always possible to detect mutated glycosylated S-HBs with the single antibody alone.
- Non-Patent Document 10 a lectin blotting technique
- the inventors used actual serum from chronic hepatitis B patients to design their own lectin-antibody combinations, and when they conducted intensive investigations, they surprisingly found wheat germ agglutinin (WGA lectin). A combination of germ agglutinin) and an antibody was found to enable specific detection (Fig. 1). This finding means that the sugar chain attached to S-HBs binds to WGA, which was totally unexpected.
- the ratio of the amount of glycosylated S-HBs to the total S-HBs was calculated as "glycosylated S-HBs/S-HBs". calculated as a ratio.
- this ratio is referred to as the Glyco-S/S ratio.
- the Glyco-S/S ratio before treatment can also be quantified very easily (Fig. 3), and it became clear that the sugar chain ratio can be measured with continuous quantitative values, even compared with conventional MS.
- the value of the glycosylated surface antigen protein, which is the molecule is obtained by detection using a lectin and an antibody, and the value of the surface antigen protein, which is the denominator, is obtained by antibody detection without using a lectin.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [11].
- [1] A method of detecting hepatitis B virus (HBV), comprising contacting a sample with an antibody that binds to a surface antigen protein and a lectin.
- [5] The detection method according to any one of [1] to [4], for planning testing, prevention or treatment of hepatitis B virus.
- [6] The detection method according to any one of [1] to [5] for screening drugs for testing, preventing, or treating hepatitis B virus.
- a kit for detecting a glycosylated hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein comprising an antibody that binds to the hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein and a lectin.
- a method for treating or preventing hepatitis B comprising the method according to any one of [1] to [9].
- the immunological technique of the present invention that is, antigen-antibody reaction and sugar chain-lectin reaction, among S-HBs, S-HBs coated with N-type sugar chains can be detected quickly, easily, and quantitatively. Furthermore, it was revealed for the first time that the degree of glycosylation on S-HBs (content or the ratio of glycosylated S-HBs to S-HBs) in actual patient sera was significantly related to therapeutic response. became.
- the sugar chains that modify S-HBs in CHB patients are sugar chains derived from individual patients. According to the present invention, since the degree of sugar chain-modified S-HBs can be easily and quantitatively determined, it is possible to determine treatment strategies, stratify patients, and diagnose therapeutic effects of new immunological drugs, that is, individual patients. It is also useful in chemical medicine. In addition, it is expected to contribute to the reduction of potential horizontal infections because it can detect patients with mutations that have been overlooked by conventional test drugs that detect "non-glycosylated" HBsAg.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of combination ELISA of various lectins and antibodies against HBs antigen.
- Y-axis shows absorbance of ELISA.
- SSA could not detect N-glycan-modified S-HBs as a positive signal, but the combination with WGA enabled very clear detection.
- Y-axis shows absorbance of ELISA. Before: before treatment, 48W: after 48 weeks of treatment.
- FIG. 1 shows the results of combination ELISA of various lectins and antibodies against HBs antigen.
- Y-axis shows absorbance of ELISA.
- SSA could not detect N-glycan-modified S-HBs as a positive signal, but the combination with WGA enabled very clear detection
- the Y-axis shows the ratio and the X-axis shows the decrease in qHBsAg (logU/mL) after 48 weeks of treatment. A decrease of -1 or greater is considered therapeutic.
- the present invention will be described in detail below.
- the present inventors have developed a method for specifically and conveniently measuring a glycosylated surface antigen protein of hepatitis B virus (HBV), more particularly an antibody that binds to S-HBs protein and an antibody attached to S-HBs protein.
- HBV hepatitis B virus
- hepatitis B is also expressed as HBV, and may be any of chronic hepatitis B, acute hepatitis B, and fulminant hepatitis B
- hepatitis B virus means a virus capable of causing hepatitis B of
- the target to be detected may be "hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein", particularly, among hepatitis B virus surface antigen proteins, S protein, M protein or L protein, preferably S protein.
- hepatitis B virus surface antigen protein particularly, among hepatitis B virus surface antigen proteins, S protein, M protein or L protein, preferably S protein.
- Glycosylated S-HBs refers to sugar chain-modified S proteins among HBV surface antigen proteins containing sugar chains.
- the antibody in the present invention may be an antibody that recognizes the hepatitis B virus surface antigen, and may be a polyclonal antibody or a monoclonal antibody. Moreover, the antibody of the present invention may be any antibody that can be produced by a method commonly used in the art, and may be a commercially available antibody.
- the lectin in the present invention may be any lectin, such as plant lectin, C-type lectin, galectin, and siglec, as long as it is an N-linked sugar chain-binding lectin, preferably wheat germ agglutinin.
- the lectin of the present invention may be any lectin that can be produced by a method commonly used in the art, or may be a commercially available lectin.
- Antibodies and lectins in the present invention can also be produced by general methods known in the art.
- the present invention provides a method for detecting a hepatitis B virus, particularly a glycosylated surface antigen protein of the hepatitis B virus, comprising the step of contacting a sample with an antibody that binds to the surface antigen protein and a lectin.
- the contact between the antibody and the lectin that bind to the surface antigen protein and the sample may be carried out simultaneously, sequentially or sequentially, preferably by ELISA, and the binding is measured.
- the preparation method and the detection method of the sugar chain-modified S-HBs measurement reagent of the present invention may be conventional methods in the technical field.
- General immunological test methods in the art can be appropriately carried out by those skilled in the art for preparation of S-HBs antibody and WGA lectin, and ELISA method and chemiluminescence method using the same.
- those skilled in the art can easily adapt the present invention to various measuring instruments as appropriate.
- a person skilled in the art can easily prepare a simple rapid test kit by a finger stick method or the like.
- Subjects to be tested in the present invention are all individuals infected with HBV. It applies to all patients, including patients who are continuing treatment with HBV drugs, patients who have stopped treatment and are being monitored, and asymptomatic carriers. By understanding the HBV infection ability, it can be used for HBV treatment in general, such as judgment of therapeutic effect, selection of therapeutic drug, determination of treatment policy, and judgment on continuation or discontinuation of treatment.
- the subject of the test can also be used for healthy individuals at high risk of HBV infection. Specifically, this includes healthcare workers, family members of HBV-infected persons, etc. (all populations listed in WHO guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing 2017).
- Blood donors can also be tested in the present invention. Contribute to the prevention of waterside infections.
- Pregnant women can also be tested in the present invention. Contribute to prevention of vertical infection.
- the subject of inspection in the present invention can also be used for preoperative inspections for surgical operations, pre-examination inspections for endoscopy, and the like. It helps determine whether the tests or surgeries to be performed pose a risk of horizontal transmission.
- Subjects to be tested in the present invention can be used for patients with liver disorders such as fatty liver.
- liver disorders such as fatty liver.
- the sample derived from the subject, patient, or infected person in the present invention may be any biological sample, such as blood, serum, saliva, semen, vaginal secretions, Examples include body fluids such as wound exudate and tissue extracts, but blood, serum, and saliva are preferred in consideration of the ease of sample acquisition and handling.
- patients with chronic hepatitis B virus before the start of therapeutic agents including interferon preparations and nucleic acid analog preparations, after the start, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks after the start Weeks, 16 weeks, 48 weeks, HBV patients after 48 weeks, patients with HBV-DNA suppression in blood, patients with HBsAg disappearance, patients with HBsAg not disappearing in their lifetime, new drugs in the development stage Glycosylated H-HBs can be detected in patient-derived samples before and after administration of .
- the sample can be any biological sample. It is particularly advantageous if the sample is derived from a patient undergoing or having undergone nucleic acid analog therapy.
- the present invention relates to a method of providing data for planning prevention or treatment of HBV, comprising the step of contacting the antibody and lectin with a sample.
- INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY According to the present invention, it is possible to provide index data for planning prevention or treatment of HBV, such as the recurrence of symptoms and the presence or absence of infectivity, which has been difficult with conventional techniques.
- the present invention further relates to a method of screening a drug for preventing or treating HBV, comprising the step of contacting the antibody and lectin with a sample.
- drug candidates for prevention or treatment of HBV can be screened based on more accurate indicators that can reflect the degree of N-glycans attached to S-HBs.
- a sandwich ELISA system was constructed to examine the optimal lectin for detecting HBs antigen captured by immobilizing purified antibody (HBsAgGi) against HBs antigen protein on a plate.
- HBsAgGi purified antibody
- BSA 5 ⁇ g/mL
- PBS Nunc Immobilizer Amino Plate
- the lectin-ELISA method of the present invention is a method capable of detecting the state of HBV particles (added sugar chains) in patient serum and measuring changes due to therapeutic effects. .
- sugar chain-modified S-HBs in blood can be detected quantitatively according to the present invention. Furthermore, by examining the ratio of sugar chain-modified S-HBs/S-HBs, it is possible to obtain an index for prevention, treatment or diagnosis of HBV.
- sugar chain-modified S-HBs measurement method of the present invention it was found that blood sugar chain-modified S-HBs can be quantitatively measured by an immunological method. These results confirm that the glycosylated S-HBs measurement method is useful for diagnosis that contributes to the treatment of HBV infection.
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Abstract
Description
S-HBsに付加する糖鎖の解析自体はMSで可能であり、事実MSによりその構造が明らかになってきた。しかし、臨床で実際に多数の患者血清を処理するには未だ時間とコストがかかりすぎ、実用的ではない。更に、患者血清には食事由来の膨大な糖鎖や、種々の臓器代謝由来の糖鎖が存在するため、糖鎖だけを網羅的に把握できたとしても、HBV由来の糖鎖を特定することは技術的にも困難である。
2) WHO. Guidelines on hepatitis B and C testing. February 2017.
3) Terrault NA, Loch ASF, McMahon BJ et al. Update on prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chronic hepatitis B: AASLD 2018 hepatitis B guidance. Hepatol 67: 1560, 2018.
4) European association foe the study of the liver. EASL 2017 clinical practice guideline on the management of hepatitis B virus infection. J Hepatol 67: 370, 2017.
5) 日本肝臓学会 肝炎診療ガイドライン作成委員会。B型肝炎治療ガイドライン(第3.1版)。2019年3月。
6) Lok AS, Zoulim F, Dusheiko G et al. Hepatitis B cure: From discovery to regulatory approval. J Hepatol 66: 1296, 2017.
7) Revill PA, CHisari FV, Block jM et al. A global scientific strategy to cure hepatitis B. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 4: 545, 2019.
8) Cornberg M, Lok AS. Terrault NA et al. Guidance for design and endpoints of clinical trials in chronic hepatitis B - Report from the 2019 EASL-AASLD HBV treatment endpoints conference. J Hepatol 72: 539, 2020.
9) Schmitt S et al. Structure of pre-S2 N- and O-linked glycans in surface proteins from different genotypes of hepatitis B virus. Journal of General Virology (2004), 85, 2045-2053.
10) Wagatsuma T, Kuno A, Angata K et al. Highly sensitive glycan profiling of hepatitis B viral particle and a simple methods for Dane particle enrichment. Anal Chem 90: 10196, 2018.
11) Lu X et al. Aberrant trafficking of hepatitis B virus glycoproteins in cells in which N-glycan processing is inhibited. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA (1997) 94, 2380-2385.
12) Mehta A et al. α-Glucosidase inhibitors as potential broad based anti-viral agents. FEBS Letters (1998) 430, 17-22.
13) Ito K et al. Impairment of hepatitis B virus virion secretion by single-amino-acid substitutions in the small envelope protein and rescue by a novel glycosylation site. Journal of Virology (2010) 12850-12861
14) Dobrica MO, Lazar C, Branza-Nichita N. N-Glycosylation and N-Glycan Processing in HBV Biology and Pathogenesis. Cells. 2020 Jun 4;9(6):1404. doi: 10.3390/cells9061404. PMID: 32512942; PMCID: PMC7349502.
15) Tajiri K et al. Analysis of the epitope and neutralizing capacity of human monoclonal antibodies induced by hepatitis B vaccine. Antiviral Research (2010) 87, 40-49.
16) Hamada-Tsutsumi S et al. Validation of cross-genotype neutralization by hepatitis B virus-specific monoclonal antibodies by in vitro and in vivo infection. PLoS ONE (2015) 10: e0118062.
[1] B型肝炎ウイルス(HBV)を検出する方法であって、試料を、表面抗原タンパク質に結合する抗体及びレクチンと接触させる工程を含む、方法。
[2] B型肝炎ウイルスの表面抗原タンパク質が、Sタンパク質である、[1]に記載の検出方法。
[3] レクチンが、コムギ胚芽凝集素である、[1]又は[2]に記載の検出方法。
[4] ELISA法による測定の工程を含む、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[5] B型肝炎ウイルスの検査、予防又は治療を計画するための、[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[6] B型肝炎ウイルスの検査、予防又は治療のための医薬をスクリーニングするための、[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[7] さらに、糖鎖修飾された表面抗原タンパク質/表面抗原タンパク質を算出する工程を含む、[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[8] 試料が、核酸アナログ製剤治療を受けている又は受けていた患者に由来する、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[9] 試料が、血中HBV-DNAの抑制が確認された患者に由来する、[1]~[8]のいずれかに記載の検出方法。
[10] B型肝炎ウイルスの表面抗原タンパク質に結合する抗体およびレクチンを含む、B型肝炎ウイルスの糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質を検出するためのキット。
[11] [1]~[9]のいずれかに記載の方法を含む、B型肝炎の治療又は予防方法。
本発明者は、B型肝炎ウイルス(HBV)の糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質を特異的、かつ簡便に測定する方法、より特にはS-HBsタンパク質に結合する抗体と、S-HBsタンパク質に付加されている糖鎖と結合するレクチンとのコンビネーションを使った、免疫学的手法による検出及び定量方法を作成し、糖鎖修飾S-HBsを定量的に測定できることを見出した。
HBV感染能力の把握により、治療効果の判定、治療薬の選択、治療方針の決定、治療の継続・中止の判断、など、HBV診療全般に用いることができる。
1)BSA (5 μg /mL)/PBSで希釈したHBsAgGi(5 μg /mL)をNunc Immobilizer Amino Plateにウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し、室温にて4時間振盪して抗体を固定した。PBS-Tで2回洗浄後、TBSをウェル当たり0.3 mL添加し4℃で一晩静置しブロッキングした。
2)PBS-Tでウェルを洗浄後、糖鎖の付加された組換えHBs抗原タンパク質をSample dilution buffer (3% BSA/TBS-T)で400 ng/mLに希釈し、ウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し、室温にて2.5時間振盪して抗原を抗体固相化プレートに捕捉させた。血清の影響を確認するために5% Normal human serum (NHS)を添加した組換えHBs抗原も同様に処理した。
3)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、PBS-Tで希釈した以下のレクチンと室温にて2時間振盪して反応させた。
Jacalin-biotin (1 μg/mL), MAL II-biotin (1 μg/mL), RCA120-biotin (1 μg/mL), SNA-biotin (1 μg/mL), SSA-biotin (1 μg/mL), WGA-biotin (1 μg/mL)
4)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、PBS-Tで希釈したPeroxidase-conjugated Streptavidin (1/20000希釈)、あるいはSSA-HRP (2 μg/mL)と室温にて1時間振盪して反応させた。
5)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、1Step Ultra TMB-ELISAをウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し5分間反応させた後、1 mol/L 硫酸を50 μL添加し反応を停止した。反応停止後速やかにプレートリーダーで450 nmの吸光度を測定した。
結果を図1に示す。本試験により、固相化した抗体に反応することなく、また、サンプルに添加したNHSの影響を受けることのなかったWGAレクチンを検出用レクチンとして選択した。
<患者属性>
CHB(慢性患者血清):
未治療(核酸アナログによる治療暦の無い)の慢性B型肝炎(HBs抗原陽性が6か月以上持続)患者(n=4)を対象に、核酸アナログ治療前(0週)と治療後48週の血清を用いた。
1)BSA (5 μg /mL)/PBSで希釈したHBsAg抗体 (Hyb-824, 5 μg /mL)をNunc Immobilizer Amino Plateにウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し、室温にて2時間振盪して抗体を固定した。PBS-Tで2回洗浄後、TBSをウェル当たり0.3 mL添加し4℃で一晩静置しブロッキングした。
2)PBS-Tでウェルを洗浄後、患者検体(治療前、治療48週後)をSample dilution buffer (3% BSA/TBS-T)で1/20希釈及び1/100希釈し、ウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し、室温にて1.5時間振盪して抗原を抗体固相化プレートに捕捉させた。(コントロールとして組換えM-HBs抗原や精製HBs抗原も1% NGS あるいは5% NGSを含むSample dilution buffer (3% BSA/TBS-T)で希釈しプレートに捕捉させた。)
3)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、PBS-Tで1 μg/mLに希釈したWGA-biotin (VL)と室温にて1.5時間振盪して反応させた。
4)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、PBS-Tで希釈したPeroxidase-conjugated Streptavidin (1/20000希釈)と室温にて1時間振盪して反応させた。
5)PBS-Tでウェルを4回洗浄後、1Step Ultra TMB-ELISAをウェル当たり0.1 mL添加し6分間反応させた後、1 mol/L 硫酸を50 μL添加し反応を停止した。反応停止後速やかにプレートリーダーで450 nmの吸光度を測定した。
結果を図2に示す。治療前の検体において、新規Lectin-ELISA法は糖鎖修飾HBs抗原を感度よく検出した。治療後の検体において、その変化を鋭敏に測定することが可能であった。これにより、本発明におけるLectin-ELISA法は患者血清中のHBV粒子の(付加された糖鎖の)状態を検出し、かつ、治療効果による変化を測定することができる方法であることが判明した。
Claims (11)
- B型肝炎ウイルス(HBV)を検出する方法であって、試料を、表面抗原タンパク質に結合する抗体及びレクチンと接触させる工程を含む、方法。
- B型肝炎ウイルスの表面抗原タンパク質が、Sタンパク質である、請求項1に記載の検出方法。
- レクチンが、コムギ胚芽凝集素である、請求項1又は2に記載の検出方法。
- ELISA法による測定の工程を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- B型肝炎ウイルスの検査、予防又は治療を計画するための、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- B型肝炎ウイルスの検査、予防又は治療のための医薬をスクリーニングするための、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- さらに、糖鎖修飾された表面抗原タンパク質/表面抗原タンパク質を算出する工程を含む、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- 試料が、核酸アナログ製剤治療を受けている又は受けていた患者に由来する、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- 試料が、血中HBV-DNAの抑制が確認された患者に由来する、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の検出方法。
- B型肝炎ウイルスの糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質に結合する抗体およびレクチンを含む、B型肝炎ウイルスの糖鎖修飾表面抗原タンパク質を検出するためのキット。
- 請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の方法を含む、B型肝炎の治療又は予防方法。
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