WO2023118989A1 - Système de distribution de signaux en ligne - Google Patents

Système de distribution de signaux en ligne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023118989A1
WO2023118989A1 PCT/IB2022/059930 IB2022059930W WO2023118989A1 WO 2023118989 A1 WO2023118989 A1 WO 2023118989A1 IB 2022059930 W IB2022059930 W IB 2022059930W WO 2023118989 A1 WO2023118989 A1 WO 2023118989A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
transmission line
signal
coaxial cable
electromagnetic
energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2022/059930
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andries Petrus Cronje Fourie
Stephen Joseph FRONEMAN
Colin Derek NITCH
Original Assignee
Poynting Antennas (Pty) Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Poynting Antennas (Pty) Limited filed Critical Poynting Antennas (Pty) Limited
Publication of WO2023118989A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023118989A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
    • H01Q13/203—Leaky coaxial lines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/007—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas specially adapted for indoor communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/28—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium using the near field of leaky cables, e.g. of leaky coaxial cables

Definitions

  • This invention relates to signal distribution systems and more particularly to an in-line signal distribution system, an electromagnetic signal radiator unit and an associated method of distributing energy in an electromagnetic signal.
  • DAS Distributed Antenna System
  • RF radio frequency
  • MNO Cellular Mobile Network Operator
  • Typical implementations of DAS systems are therefore in shopping malls, sports stadiums, airports, corporate buildings, railway tunnels, etc, but smaller deployments are also used in Small Office//Home Office (SOHO) environments.
  • SOHO Small Office//Home Office
  • a typical DAS system often requires a complex connectivity “tree” network with a plurality of splitters and branches, couplers and antennas which requires extensive design and is often difficult, labour intensive and time consuming to install.
  • the above components result in a large bill of materials and some of the components are expensive. Sophisticated testing procedures are required to ensure that an installed system is and remains working properly and correctly. These systems are also known to have too many points of potential failure.
  • an in-line signal distribution system for an electromagnetic signal which is associated with electromagnetic energy comprising a transmission line having a first end and a second end, the transmission line confining the signal during propagation between the first end and the second end, the transmission line comprising at least one localized region intermediate the first end and the second end where confinement of the signal is reduced, so that part of the electromagnetic energy in the signal is released or leaked from the transmission line at the localized region.
  • the transmission line may comprise a plurality of spaced localized regions intermediate the first end and the second end at each of which confinement of the signal is reduced, so that part of the electromagnetic energy in the signal is leaked from the transmission line at each of the localized regions.
  • the spacing between adjacent localized regions may be one of constant and non-constant.
  • the signal may be a radio frequency (RF) signal of any one of LTE, 3G, 4G, 5G and Wi-Fi telecommunications technology.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the transmission line may comprise a length of coaxial cable.
  • the at least one localized region may comprise an electromagnetic signal radiator unit which is configured to be connected into the length of coaxial cable.
  • a plurality of electromagnetic signal radiator units may be connected in mutually spaced and electrically serial arrangement in the cable.
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator unit may comprise a transmission line section that is configured to be inefficient, so as to leak a portion of the electromagnetic energy into free space, while passing a majority of the electromagnetic energy on via the coaxial cable.
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator unit may comprise a dielectric substrate with conducive elements thereon which are configured to form the transmission line section that is configured to be inefficient.
  • the substrate and conductive elements may be in the form of a printed circuit board.
  • the first end of the transmission line may be connected to one of a router, an antenna and a transmission line termination element and the second end of the transmission line may be connected to another of a router, an antenna and a transmission line termination element.
  • an electromagnetic signal radiator unit comprising a body, a first connector and a spaced second connector for connection into a transmission line, an adapted transmission line section on the body between the first connector and the second connector which is configured to leak into free space a first smaller part of energy in an electromagnetic signal which, in use, propagates between the first connector and the second connector, whilst containing a second and larger part of the energy in the propagating signal.
  • the body may comprise a dielectric substrate
  • the adapted transmission line section may comprise at least a first pair of conductive members comprising a first member and a second member on opposite faces of the substrate respectively and the conductive members may be connected to the first and second connectors.
  • the first and second conductive members may be elongate, have respective first and second ends and extend parallel to one another; the connectors may be coaxial cable connectors; a first section of coaxial cable comprising a core and a shield may extend between the first connector and the members with the core connected towards the first end of the first member and the shield connected towards the first end of the second member; and a second section of coaxial cable comprising a core and a shield may extend between the second connector and the members with the shield of the second section of coaxial cable connected towards the second end of first member and the core of the second section of coaxial cable connected towards the second end of the second member.
  • the unit may comprise a second pair of elongate conductive members with first and second members of the second pair extending parallel to one another on the opposite faces of the substrate respectively and the second pair may be connected to third and fourth connectors by third and fourth sections of coaxial cable respectively.
  • the first and second pairs may have respective longitudinal axes and the longitudinal axis of the first pair may be orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the second pair.
  • the body and conductive members may be in the form of a printed circuit board.
  • figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of a first example embodiment of an in-line signal distribution system
  • figure 2 is a diagrammatic representation of a top view of an example embodiment of an electromagnetic signal radiator unit forming part of the system
  • figure 3 is a diagrammatic representation of a bottom view of the example embodiment of the electromagnetic signal radiator unit forming part of the system
  • figure 4 is a diagrammatic representation of a second example embodiment of an in-line signal distribution system
  • figure 5 is a diagrammatic perspective view from above of a second example embodiment of the electromagnetic signal radiator unit
  • figure 6 is a diagrammatic perspective view from below of the second example embodiment of the electromagnetic signal radiator unit
  • figure 7 is a diagrammatic illustration of a first example deployment of the second embodiment of the in-line signal distribution system with a MIMO antenna and a MIMO router at first and second ends of the system, respectively
  • figure 8 is a diagrammatic illustration of a second example deployment of the second embodiment of the in-line signal distribution system with
  • a first example embodiment of an in-line signal distribution system for an electromagnetic signal which is associated with electromagnetic energy is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.1 in figure 1 .
  • the system comprises a transmission line 12 having a first end 14 and a second end 16.
  • the transmission line in very well-known manner, confines the signal during propagation between the first end and the second end.
  • the transmission line 12 comprises at least one localized region 18.1 to 18.n intermediate the first end 14 and the second end 16 where confinement of the signal is deliberately reduced, so that part 20 of the electromagnetic energy in the signal is released (preferably in omni-directional manner) from the transmission line 12 into free space, to enable wireless communications of devices 22 in a coverage region of the system 10.1 , via the transmission line 12.
  • the electromagnetic signal may be a radio frequency (RF) signal, of LTE, 3G, 4G, 5G, Wi-Fi or any other suitable telecommunications technology.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the transmission line 12 may comprise a co-axial cable.
  • Each of the localized regions 18.1 to 18.n may comprise an electromagnetic signal radiator unit 24 (best shown in figures 2 and 3) which is configured to be connected into the coaxial cable 12, as will be described below.
  • the plurality of electromagnetic signal radiator units 24 are connected in mutually spaced and electrically serial arrangement in the cable 12.
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator unit 24 comprises a transmission line section 26 that is configured to be inefficient, so as to leak the portion 20 of the electromagnetic energy into free space, while passing a majority of the electromagnetic energy on via the cable 12, to feed either a next electromagnetic signal radiator unit 24 in the cable or to one of the first end 14 and the second end 16 where there may be connected one of an antenna 30 (shown in figure 1 ), an electronic device, such as a router 32 (also shown in figure 1 ), or transmission line termination element (not shown).
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator unit 24 comprises a dielectric substrate 34 with a first pair of elongate parallel conducive members comprising a first member 36.1 on a top face of the substrate and a second member 36.2 on a bottom face of the substrate.
  • the members 36.1 and 36.2 are configured and connected to form the transmission line section that is inefficient.
  • the substrate and conductive members 36.1 and 36.2 may be in the form of a printed circuit board (PCB) 38.
  • the conductive members 36.1 and 36.2 are connected via a first coaxial cable section 40 and a second coaxial cable section 42 to first and second coaxial cable connectors 44 and 46, respectively. These connectors 44 and 46 are used to connect the unit 24 into the cable 12, which comprises cooperating connectors (not shown).
  • the members 36.1 and 36.2 are generally paddle shaped in configuration. Each member comprises a handle part 37 and a widened blade part 39.
  • the blade part of the first member 36.1 overlays the handle part of the second member.
  • a first end 41 of the first member 36.1 is provided at a free or distal end of the handle and a second end 43 of the first member is provided at a free end of the blade.
  • a first end 45 of the second member 36.2 is provided at a free end of the blade of the second member and a second end 47 of the second member is provided at a free end of the handle part.
  • a centre conductor or core 40.1 of first coaxial cable section 40 is connected towards the first end 41 of first member 36.1 and conductive shield 40.2 of the first section 40 is connected towards the first end 45 of second member 36.2.
  • a centre conductor or core 42.1 of second coaxial cable section 42 is connected towards the second end 47 of second member 36.2 and conductive shield 42.2 of the second section 42 is connected towards the second end 43 of first member 36.1.
  • the unit 24 may hence be seen as an ultra-wideband 180° phase shifter.
  • a second example embodiment of an in-line signal distribution system for an electromagnetic signal which is associated with electromagnetic energy is generally designated by the reference numeral 10.2 in figure 4.
  • the system 10.2 comprises a transmission line assembly 112 comprising at least first and second coaxial cables 112.1 and 112.2 and is configured to be connected at a first end 114 and a second end 116 to MIMO devices.
  • a transmission line assembly 112 comprising at least first and second coaxial cables 112.1 and 112.2 and is configured to be connected at a first end 114 and a second end 116 to MIMO devices.
  • a X-polarized antenna arrangement 130 At the first end 114 there is connected an nxn (in this case 2x2) MIMO device 132.
  • the MIMO device may be a MIMO router, also known as a MIMO modem, comprising MIMO technology.
  • MIMO technology is known, is found in modern WI-FI routers and enables multiple antennas to send and receive spatial streams (multiple signals) simultaneously and to differentiate the signals sent to or received from different spatial positions.
  • electromagnetic signal radiator unit 124 of this example embodiment is similar in configuration to the units 24 of the first example embodiment, except that on the substrate 134 of the unit 124 of the second embodiment, a first pair 136.11 , 136.12 and a second pair 136.21 , 136.22 of leaky elongate conductive members are provided on opposite faces of the substrate.
  • the first and seconds pairs respectively are similar to the pair 36.1 , 36.2 of unit 24 described above in respect of configuration and electrical connection.
  • Longitudinal axes 138 and 140 of the first and second pairs are angularly off-set from one another, preferably by 90 degrees, to provide for improved decorrelation between electromagnetic signals parts which are released or leaked by the respective pairs.
  • the conductive member pairs are similarly connected via coaxial cable sections to coaxial cable connectors. These connectors are used to connect the unit 124 into the transmission line assembly 112 which comprises cooperating connectors (not shown).
  • a first example deployment or application of the system 10.2 is shown in figure 7, which is self-explanatory.
  • the system 10.2 is provided in a caravan 200.
  • the system 10.2 is connected to a X-polarized antenna 130 at one end and to a 2x2 MIMO router 132 at the other end.
  • Decorrelated signal parts 20 which are released or leaked by unit 124 enable a devices 122 inside the caravan to communicate with the outside world via antenna 130 and router 132 in known manner.
  • a second example deployment or application of the system 10.2 is shown in figure 8, which is also self-explanatory.
  • the system 10.2 is provided in a building 300 comprising a plurality of rooms 302, 304, 306 and 308.
  • the system comprises spaced electromagnetic signal radiator units 124.1 , 124.2, 124.3 and 124.4 along the length of transmission line assembly 112, as described above and which are located in each of the above rooms respectively.
  • decorrelated signal parts 20 which are released or leaked by units 124.1 to 124.4 enable devices 122 inside the respective rooms to communicate with the outside world via antenna 130 and router 132 in known manner.
  • multiple and spaced electromagnetic signal radiator units 124 may be used to distribute the RF signal to specific targeted areas.
  • the system comprises one or more in-line simplified electromagnetic signal radiator units, without the need to implement an antenna and splitter/tap off coupler network as in a conventional DAS network.
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator units have the ability to function as an RF splitter/tap-off and antenna system combined, but without using any of these parts.
  • the electromagnetic signal radiator units radiate RF energy equally around the axis of the radiator, emulating an omnidirectional antenna, imparts or leaks only a specific part of the RF energy into free space and passes the majority of the RF energy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système (10) comprenant une ligne de transmission (12) ayant une première extrémité (14) et une deuxième extrémité (16). La ligne de transmission, d'une manière très bien connue, confine le signal pendant la propagation entre la première extrémité et la deuxième extrémité. La ligne de transmission (12) comprend au moins une région localisée (18.1 à 18.n) entre la première extrémité (14) et la deuxième extrémité (16) où le confinement du signal est volontairement réduit, de sorte qu'une partie (20) de l'énergie électromagnétique dans le signal est libérée (de préférence de manière omnidirectionnelle) de la ligne de transmission (12) dans l'espace libre, afin de permettre des communications sans fil de dispositifs (22) dans une région de couverture du système (10), par le biais de la ligne de transmission (12).
PCT/IB2022/059930 2021-12-21 2022-10-17 Système de distribution de signaux en ligne WO2023118989A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA202110696 2021-12-21
ZA2021/10696 2021-12-21

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023118989A1 true WO2023118989A1 (fr) 2023-06-29

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2022/059930 WO2023118989A1 (fr) 2021-12-21 2022-10-17 Système de distribution de signaux en ligne

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1422957A1 (fr) * 2002-06-25 2004-05-26 Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha Syst me de communication radio
US20090303149A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2009-12-10 Mueller Joachim Leaky Coaxial Antenna
US20110148727A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-23 National Chiao Tung University Leaky-wave antenna capable of multi-plane scanning

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1422957A1 (fr) * 2002-06-25 2004-05-26 Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha Syst me de communication radio
US20090303149A1 (en) * 2006-02-02 2009-12-10 Mueller Joachim Leaky Coaxial Antenna
US20110148727A1 (en) * 2009-12-23 2011-06-23 National Chiao Tung University Leaky-wave antenna capable of multi-plane scanning

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
HOU YAFEI ET AL: "2 by 2 MIMO system using single leaky coaxial cable for linear-cells", 2014 IEEE 25TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR, AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATION (PIMRC), IEEE, 2 September 2014 (2014-09-02), pages 327 - 331, XP032789533, DOI: 10.1109/PIMRC.2014.7136184 *

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