WO2023110439A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour vérifier le fonctionnement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique d'un pot catalytique de gaz d'échappement dans le système de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour vérifier le fonctionnement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique d'un pot catalytique de gaz d'échappement dans le système de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023110439A1
WO2023110439A1 PCT/EP2022/084089 EP2022084089W WO2023110439A1 WO 2023110439 A1 WO2023110439 A1 WO 2023110439A1 EP 2022084089 W EP2022084089 W EP 2022084089W WO 2023110439 A1 WO2023110439 A1 WO 2023110439A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ehu
heating device
exhaust gas
temperature gradient
gradient
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/084089
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Nienhoff
Paul Rodatz
Tino Arlt
Erwin Achleitner
Original Assignee
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitesco Technologies GmbH filed Critical Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Publication of WO2023110439A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023110439A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N11/00—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity
    • F01N11/002—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus
    • F01N11/005—Monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus, e.g. for catalytic activity the diagnostic devices measuring or estimating temperature or pressure in, or downstream of the exhaust apparatus the temperature or pressure being estimated, e.g. by means of a theoretical model
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2550/00—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems
    • F01N2550/22—Monitoring or diagnosing the deterioration of exhaust systems of electric heaters for exhaust systems or their power supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/0602—Electrical exhaust heater signals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1602—Temperature of exhaust gas apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2900/00—Details of electrical control or of the monitoring of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N2900/06—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing
    • F01N2900/16—Parameters used for exhaust control or diagnosing said parameters being related to the exhaust apparatus, e.g. particulate filter or catalyst
    • F01N2900/1631—Heat amount provided to exhaust apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of exhaust gas aftertreatment for the removal or conversion of pollutants in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine and in particular a method for checking or diagnosing the proper functioning of an electric heating device of an electrically heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, in particular an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle before and during its operation.
  • exhaust gas aftertreatment systems which contain so-called exhaust gas catalytic converters in various configurations and also filter units.
  • exhaust gas catalytic converters it is known that a desired conversion rate of environmental pollutants into non-critical components can only be guaranteed above a specific operating temperature of the catalytic converter unit, the so-called activation temperature or light-off temperature. Emissions of pollutants are increased below this operating temperature.
  • the catalytic converters are usually heated up by the exhaust gas itself, whereby the temperature of the exhaust gas leaving the internal combustion engine can be influenced by the targeted selection of various operating parameters of the internal combustion engine in order to achieve the fastest possible after a cold start or restart of the internal combustion engine To ensure the operating temperature of the catalyst unit.
  • an electric heating element EHU Electric Heating Unit
  • the electric heating element is coupled to the catalytic converter unit, or the electric heating element itself is designed as a catalytic converter unit by means of a catalytic coating, the electric heating element, for example, being powered from the on-board electrical system of the motor vehicle by applying an electrical voltage with an electrical Electricity is supplied and converts this into heat output.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and an electronic control device that enable reliable testing of the EHC and in particular the electric heating device (EHU) integrated therein during operation, as part of the OBD, without introducing additional sources of error and without additional costs cause
  • This object is achieved by a method for checking the function of an electric heating device of a heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter system and an electronic control device for checking the function of an electric heating device of a heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter system with the features according to the independent method claim or the independent device claim.
  • Advantages of the invention according to the method and the electronic control device for checking the function of an electric heating device of an exhaust gas catalytic converter in the exhaust system of an internal combustion engine can be seen primarily in the fact that it is a robust, simple and therefore less error-prone method.
  • considering the temperature gradients instead of absolute values for voltage and current makes the method insensitive to any offsets that may occur in the measured values.
  • no additional technical system devices are required for the device that go beyond the sensors that are present anyway.
  • a method for checking the function of an electric heating device of a heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter system of an internal combustion engine which has a catalytic converter unit and the electric heating device through which an exhaust gas mass flow of the internal combustion engine flows one after the other during operation.
  • the method is characterized by the method steps described below, which are carried out using an electronic control device.
  • the electric heater is activated by applying an electric voltage and supplying an electric current to the electric heater, and the function check routine is started.
  • an actual temperature gradient of the electrical heating device is determined on the basis of a measurement of the applied voltage and the supplied current over a predetermined period of time.
  • a theoretical model temperature gradient of the electrical heating device is calculated, at the same time as determining the actual temperature gradient, by means of a calculation model.
  • a gradient comparison value is then calculated on the basis of the ascertained actual temperature gradient and the calculated model temperature gradient.
  • the function of the electrical heating device is evaluated as error-free if the gradient comparison value is within a specified tolerance range.
  • the specified tolerance band for the gradient comparison value has an upper limit value and a lower limit value, which can be empirically determined beforehand, for example, by tests on a realistic functional model of the exhaust gas catalytic converter system.
  • the electronic control device for checking the function of an electric heating device of a heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter system of an internal combustion engine, which has a catalytic converter unit and the electric heating device and through which an exhaust gas mass flow of the internal combustion engine flows one after the other during operation, is equipped and set up to carry out the method according to the invention, according to the statements such as described above and below.
  • This electronic control device has the advantage that it enables the method according to the invention to be carried out without the need for additional technical system devices that go beyond the sensors that are present anyway.
  • An embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the function of the electrical heating device is assessed as faulty, if the gradient comparison value is outside the specified tolerance range, ie above an upper limit value or below a lower limit value. In this case, an error message can then be issued, which is displayed to the user, for example.
  • the operation of the internal combustion engine can also be restricted on this basis, optionally or additionally. For example, the power can be reduced in such a way that only emergency operation is possible until the electrical heating device is repaired or for a specific operating time. A possibly unnoticed, permanently increased emission of pollutants can thus be prevented.
  • a gradient difference value or a gradient ratio value is determined from the actual temperature gradient and the model temperature gradient as the gradient comparison value.
  • the gradient difference value is determined by simply calculating the difference between the actual temperature gradient and the model temperature gradient.
  • the actual temperature gradient and the model temperature gradient are set in relation to one another, as a result of which a dimensionless gradient comparison value is obtained. In both cases, influences due to the absolute magnitude of the gradient values and any offsets contained therein are advantageously eliminated.
  • the function check routine is only started when the exhaust gas mass flow flowing through the electric heating device and the exhaust gas catalytic converter shows a significant change. This means that after the activation of the electrical heating device, the exhaust gas mass flow is monitored and a significant change in the exhaust gas mass flow can be detected. This is the case, for example, when the internal combustion engine is only started after the activation of the electric heating device or, for example, when the load increases from idling.
  • the exhaust gas mass flow described above and below is generally a to understand the gas mass flow flowing through the exhaust gas system and in particular the exhaust gas catalytic converter system, which may possibly also be a mixture of exhaust gas and secondary air or also a secondary air mass flow fed into the exhaust gas system alone.
  • the exhaust gas mass flow can be determined permanently, for example on the basis of the intake air mass flow already measured and the current operating parameters of the internal combustion engine using a computer model and possibly taking into account a secondary air feed.
  • the significant change can be determined, for example, by a predefined, previously empirically determined limit value for the gradient of the change. This procedure increases the accuracy and reliability of the functional test, since a significant change in the exhaust gas mass flow also means that a correspondingly larger actual or model temperature gradient of the electrical heating device is to be expected and the accuracy increases with the increase in the actual or model temperature gradient increases.
  • the evaluation of the function of the electrical heating device is carried out only if the calculated model temperature gradient of the electrical heating device is above a specific default value.
  • This procedure also serves to increase the accuracy or the reliability of the functional test, since in this case too the accuracy increases with the increase in the model temperature gradient. In this way it can be ensured that there is a high degree of certainty that the function of the electrical heating device will not be incorrectly evaluated.
  • FIG. 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust gas catalytic converter system with a catalytic converter unit and an electric heating device and an electronic control device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an exemplary flowchart to illustrate the process sequence, the process for checking the function of the electrical heating device based on the required process steps;
  • FIG. 3 shows a flowchart to show the process sequence, an extended version of the process for checking the function of the electrical heating device based on the individual process steps;
  • FIG. 5 shows a simplified schematic sketch of an exhaust gas catalytic converter system showing the energy flows supplied and removed for calculating the model temperature gradient
  • FIG. 6 shows a compilation of diagrams to show the progression over time of the operating parameters that are decisive for the method, and FIG. Temperature.
  • Figure 1 shows a simplified schematic representation of an internal combustion engine 4 with an exhaust gas supply pipe 1 .2 connected thereto exhaust gas catalyst system 1.
  • the exhaust gas catalytic converter system 1 has a catalytic converter unit 3 and an electric heating device 2, both of which are arranged one behind the other in a catalytic converter pot 1.1.
  • the exhaust gas mass flow m* exh is shown with arrows, flows from the internal combustion engine 4 through the exhaust gas feed pipe 1.2 into the catalyst pot and flows through the electric heating device 2 and the catalyst unit 3 in the order mentioned one after the other.
  • the electric heating device 2 is activated, heat is transported from the electric heating device 2 into the catalytic converter unit 3 and thus contributes to the rapid heating of the catalytic converter unit to the activation temperature.
  • the electrical heating device 2 is connected directly to an electronic control device 5 according to the invention by means of an electrical connection line 7 .
  • an electrical power module can also be interposed, which is controlled by the electronic control device 5 via electrical signals.
  • an electric voltage U ehu is applied via the electric connection line 7 and an electric current I ehu is supplied.
  • the electronic control device 5 is equipped and set up to carry out the method according to any one of the preceding claims.
  • the electronic control device 5 can be equipped with an input/output module 5.1, for example to receive signals, for example from sensors that record the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and to output signals, for example control signals for actuators for setting operating parameters of the internal combustion engine has connections.
  • an input/output module 5.1 for example to receive signals, for example from sensors that record the operating parameters of the internal combustion engine, and to output signals, for example control signals for actuators for setting operating parameters of the internal combustion engine has connections.
  • a superordinate control device 6 is represented symbolically with a dashed line, which encompasses the electronic control device 5 .
  • the electronic control device 5 is therefore part of the higher-level control device 6, for example a central engine control device, with which it exchanges signals and data during operation.
  • a central engine control device for example a central engine control device, with which it exchanges signals and data during operation.
  • this is itself equipped with a catalytic coating and thus represents a heated catalytic converter 3'.
  • the electric heating device 2 shown in FIG. 1 can accordingly optionally also be designed as a heated catalytic converter 3'. This enables the catalytic coating to be heated directly when the method according to the invention is carried out. On the one hand, this enables a very compact design of the exhaust gas catalytic converter system 1, since an additional, separate catalytic converter unit 3 can possibly be dispensed with, and on the other hand, very rapid heating and activation of the catalytic converter coating.
  • step V1 the function check of the electrical heating device 2 of a heatable exhaust gas catalytic converter system 1 of an internal combustion engine 4, the catalytic converter unit 3 through which an exhaust gas mass flow m*exh of the internal combustion engine 4 flows during operation, and the electrical heating device 2, both of which are also combined in a heated catalytic converter 3' can, has, started by activating the electric heating device 2, wherein the activation takes place by applying an electric voltage Uehu and supplying an electric current Iehu to the electric heating device 2.
  • step V3 the routine for checking the function of the electrical heating device 2 is started.
  • the method steps V4a and V4b are then carried out in parallel and at the same time, with the method step V4a determining an actual temperature gradient of the electrical heating device 2 on the basis of a measurement of the applied voltage Uehu and the supplied current Iehu over a predetermined period of time ⁇ t and the method step V4b is the calculation of a theoretical model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu, mdl of the electrical heating device 2, at the same time as determining the actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu , represented by a calculation model.
  • a gradient comparison value CV_ ⁇ T* is calculated on the basis of the ascertained actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,actual and the calculated model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,mdl.
  • a gradient comparison value CV_ ⁇ T* can optionally be used here Difference value DV_ ⁇ T* or also a gradient ratio value RV_ ⁇ T* can be determined.
  • step V2 the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh flowing through the electric heating device 2 and the exhaust gas catalytic converter 3 is observed and it is determined whether this shows a significant change. This can possibly already be the case before the internal combustion engine is started, if secondary air is fed in in order to ensure rapid heat transport from the electric heating device to the catalytic converter unit in advance. In this case, the secondary air mass flow is to be considered as the exhaust gas mass flow.
  • the function check routine is only started in method step V3 if there is a significant change in the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh.
  • the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh can be determined permanently, for example on the basis of the intake air mass flow measured anyway and the current operating parameters of the internal combustion engine 4, possibly including a fed-in secondary air mass flow, by means of a calculation model, with its time profile, i.e. its gradient, being observed.
  • the significant change can be determined, for example, by a predefined, previously empirically determined limit value for the gradient of the change. So if the gradient of the change in the exhaust gas mass flow exceeds the specified limit, the Function check routine to be started. Method step V2 is therefore repeatedly carried out until a significant change in exhaust gas mass flow m*exh is detected.
  • method step V5 A further difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 and the embodiment of the method according to the invention shown in FIG. 2 is method step V5, which follows method step V4b.
  • this method step V5 a check is made as to whether the theoretical model temperature gradient ( ⁇ T*ehu, mdl) of the electrical heating device 2 calculated in method step V4b is above a specific default value. If this is not the case, a return is made to method step V2 and the gradient of the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh is checked again and the routine for checking the function is restarted in method step V3 if it shows a significant change.
  • method step V5 If, on the other hand, it is determined in method step V5 that the calculated theoretical model temperature gradient ( ⁇ T*ehu, mdl) is above the specified default value, the routine for checking the function is continued with method step V6, in which the calculation of a gradient ratio value RV_ ⁇ T* is based on of the determined actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,ist and the calculated model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,mdl.
  • the actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu is determined
  • the electrical resistance Rehu of the electrical heating device 2 is determined on the basis of the measurement of the applied voltage Uehu and the supplied current Iehu and the actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu , is determined on the basis of the determined resistance Rehu of the electrical heating device 2.
  • the diagram shown in FIG. 4 shows the physical relationship between the electrical resistance Rehu and the temperature Tehu of the electrical heating device 2. For this purpose, the temperature Tehu is plotted against the electrical resistance Rehu. The curve shown shows the relationship or the dependency of the two variables on one another.
  • the physical relationship between Rehu and Tehu shown in the diagram in FIG. 4 can be made available, for example, in the form of a two-dimensional characteristic diagram in an electronic memory of the electronic control device 5 for determining the actual temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,actual.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the theoretical model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu,mdl of the electrical heating device 2 is calculated on the basis of the supplied electrical energy flow Q*ehu,el, between the electrical heating device 2 and the exhaust gas mass flow m* exh energy flow, referred to here as the exhaust gas heat flow Q*ehu,exh, as well as the heat capacity cehu and the mass mehu of the electrical heating device 2 takes place.
  • the model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu, mdl is thus determined on the basis of the law of conservation of energy. The basic connections to this are shown in FIG.
  • the exhaust gas heat flow Q*ehu,exh in relation to the electrical heating device EHU, will transport energy away from the EHU, i.e. it has a negative sign.
  • the possibility that the EHU is supplied with energy via the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh i.e. the transferred exhaust gas heat flow Q*ehu,exh is positive.
  • the thermal energy that is transferred between the electric heating device 2 and the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh is considered here; other components, such as kinetic energy components and the thermal energy that the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh already brings with it, remain in this consideration disregarded.
  • a calculation according to the formula mentioned which represents the simplest calculation model for calculating the model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu, mdl, offers a simple possibility of continuously determining the model temperature gradient ⁇ T*ehu, mdl during operation.
  • this simple calculation model does not exclude the use of more complex calculation models, which also take into account, for example, energy flows that may be released into the environment.
  • the determining operating parameters of the electrical heating device 2 are now shown in FIG. 6 in individual diagrams with a matching time axis. There are two significant events on the time axis, namely the time at which the electric heating device EHU was activated and the time at which the internal combustion engine BKM was started.
  • the first three diagrams from the top show the respective course of the electrical voltage Uehu and the electrical current Iehu of the EHU, as well as the resulting electrical energy flow Q*ehu,el supplied to the EHU, which at the time of activation of the EHU jumps to a predetermined operating value increase.
  • a slight decrease in the electric current Iehu and the electric energy flow Q*ehu,el can then be seen in the course, which result from the increase in the electric resistance Rehu of the EHU, which is shown in the fourth diagram from the top.
  • the electrical resistance Rehu in turn increases with increasing temperature Tehu of the EHU.
  • the electrical resistance Rehu can also decrease as the temperature Tehu of the EHU increases.
  • the diagram below shows the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh, which only suddenly increases when the BKM starts. This is also a point in time, for example, at which there is a significant change in the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh and the routine for checking the function can advantageously be started, according to one of the aforementioned versions of the method. In the further course of time, the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh initially remains almost constant, assuming constant engine speed and load. Finally, the bottom diagram of FIG.
  • FIG. 4 is the temperature diagram which shows the course of the temperature of the EHU, which increases continuously from the time the EHU is activated, but with a decreasing gradient. This in turn results from the increasing electrical resistance Rehu with increasing temperature Tehu and the correspondingly decreasing electrical energy flow Q*ehu,el. From the time the BKM starts and the associated increase in the exhaust gas mass flow m*exh, energy is extracted from the EHU with the exhaust gas heat flow Q*ehu,exh and the temperature of the EHU begins to decrease.
  • the temperature diagram both the temperature profile measured via the electrical resistance Rehu and the temperature profile calculated using model calculation are shown. These two temperature curves deviate slightly from one another, for example due to inadequacies in the calculation model.
  • a gradient comparison value CV_AT* is then calculated from the values of these two gradient curves at the respective point in time, which reflects the size of the deviation and is independent of the absolute size of the values.
  • the course of this gradient comparison value CV_AT* over time is shown in the diagram at the bottom of FIG.
  • the curve shown in this diagram is shown symbolically and can, for example, represent both a dimensionless gradient ratio value RV_AT* and a gradient difference value DV_AT*, with the tolerance band 8 for the gradient comparison value CV_AT* also being drawn in, which ranges from the upper limit value GWo and the lower limit GWu is limited. If the gradient comparison value CV_AT* is continuously within the specified tolerance band 8 at the time under consideration or within a time interval under consideration, as shown in FIG.
  • the function of the electrical heating device 2 is evaluated as error-free. However, if the determined gradient comparison value CV_AT* leaves the tolerance band 8 by exceeding the upper limit value GWo or by falling below the lower limit value GWu, the function of the electrical heating device 2 is rated as faulty and an error message is output, for example. In this case, however, the operation of the internal combustion engine 4 can also be restricted as a further measure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif pour vérifier le fonctionnement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique (2) d'un système de pot catalytique de gaz d'échappement pouvant être chauffé (1) d'un moteur à combustion interne (4), ledit système de pot catalytique de gaz d'échappement ayant une unité de pot catalytique (3) et le dispositif de chauffage électrique (2). Le gradient de température réel (ΔT*ehu, ist) du dispositif de chauffage électrique (2) est déterminé sur la base d'une mesure de la tension appliquée (Uehu) et du courant fourni (Iehu) sur une durée spécifiée (Δt), et en parallèle avec celui-ci, un gradient de température de modèle théorique (ΔT*ehu, mdl) du dispositif de chauffage électrique (2) est déterminé à l'aide d'un modèle de calcul. Une valeur de rapport de gradient (RV_ΔT*) est calculée sur la base du gradient de température réel déterminé (ΔT*ehu, ist) et du gradient de température de modèle calculé (ΔT*ehu, mdl). Le fonctionnement du dispositif de chauffage électrique (2) est évalué comme étant exempt de défauts si la valeur de comparaison de gradient (CV_ΔT*) se trouve dans une plage de tolérance spécifiée (8).
PCT/EP2022/084089 2021-12-15 2022-12-01 Procédé et dispositif pour vérifier le fonctionnement d'un dispositif de chauffage électrique d'un pot catalytique de gaz d'échappement dans le système de gaz d'échappement d'un moteur à combustion interne WO2023110439A1 (fr)

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DE102021214459.4 2021-12-15
DE102021214459.4A DE102021214459A1 (de) 2021-12-15 2021-12-15 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Überprüfung der Funktion einer elektrischen Heizeinrichtung eines Abgaskatalysators im Abgassystem einer Brennkraftmaschine

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