WO2023103795A1 - 一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途 - Google Patents

一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途 Download PDF

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WO2023103795A1
WO2023103795A1 PCT/CN2022/134017 CN2022134017W WO2023103795A1 WO 2023103795 A1 WO2023103795 A1 WO 2023103795A1 CN 2022134017 W CN2022134017 W CN 2022134017W WO 2023103795 A1 WO2023103795 A1 WO 2023103795A1
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polyamide
parts
polyamide composition
composition according
germanium disulfide
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PCT/CN2022/134017
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黄牧
秦家伟
张永
周华龙
吴长波
易新
王丰
丁超
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上海金发科技发展有限公司
江苏金发科技新材料有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103795A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103795A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14Glass
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/30Sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34Silicon-containing compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/08Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of engineering plastics, in particular to a polyamide composition, a preparation method thereof and the use of germanium disulfide as a thermal aging resistance agent in polyamide materials.
  • polyamide As a common thermoplastic polymer, polyamide is widely used in clothing, home appliances, machinery, transportation, office and other fields due to its unique properties. Because polyamide materials generally have a higher melting point, polyamide materials are often used to replace metal materials under some working conditions that require higher operating temperatures, which can maintain product performance while achieving weight reduction; in addition, Due to the special structure of the molecular chain, the polyamide material also has excellent properties such as solvent resistance and self-lubrication, which further broadens its application range.
  • adding an antioxidant is a commonly used method to improve the thermo-oxidative stability of polyamide.
  • the traditional polyamide anti-oxidation technology has certain limitations in actual use.
  • copper salt antioxidants which are more effective in various antioxidants, can effectively improve the thermal oxygen stability of materials, and at the same time cause The CTI (Comparative Tracking Index) value of the material is significantly reduced, which in turn affects some applications of the material in the electrical and electronic fields.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a polyamide composition with excellent long-term heat aging resistance.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above polyamide composition.
  • a polyamide composition in parts by weight, comprising the following components:
  • Germanium disulfide 0.05 to 1 part Germanium disulfide 0.05 to 1 part.
  • the present invention unexpectedly finds through research that adding germanium disulfide to the polyamide material can significantly improve the long-term heat aging resistance of the material, and has no negative impact on the CTI of the material.
  • the germanium disulfide is 0.1-0.5 parts.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to modify the polyamide resin, and there is no special requirement on the type and specifications of the polyamide resin.
  • the polyamide resin in the present invention can be selected from any one or more of aliphatic polyamides, aliphatic-aromatic polyamides or aromatic polyamides.
  • the aliphatic polyamide is selected from any one or more of PA6, PA7, PA11, PA12, PA66, PA46, PA56, PA510, PA610, PA612, PA1010 or PA1012;
  • the aliphatic-aromatic polyamide Amides are selected from any one or several of PA4T, PA5T, PA6T, PA9T, PA10T, and MXD6;
  • the aromatic polyamides are selected from polyparaphenylene terephthalamide, polyisophthalamide m-phenylene Any one or more of diamines.
  • the polyamide resin is selected from aliphatic polyamides; more preferably, the polyamide resin is selected from any one or more of PA6 or PA66.
  • reinforcing materials can be selected and added according to material performance requirements.
  • the amount of the reinforcing material is 30-60 parts; the reinforcing material is selected from glass fiber, glass beads, carbon fiber, calcium carbonate, talcum powder, wollastonite, barium sulfate, mica powder, kaolin, diatomaceous earth Or any one or more of aluminum calcium carbonate.
  • the reinforcing material is selected from glass fibers.
  • the polyamide composition of the present invention further includes 0.1-50 parts of processing aids in parts by weight.
  • the processing aid is selected from any one or more of antioxidants, lubricants, light stabilizers or toughening agents.
  • the antioxidants include, but are not limited to, N,N'-bis-(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionyl)hexamethylenediamine (Antioxidant 1098), tri[ 2.4-di-tert-butylphenyl]phosphite (antioxidant 168), tetrakis[ ⁇ -(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate]pentaerythritol ester (antioxidant 1010) Or any one or more of phosphite antioxidants.
  • the lubricant includes but not limited to any one or more of stearate, modified ethylene bis fatty acid amide, hyperbranched polyester, aliphatic fatty acid ester or ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer.
  • the light stabilizers include but are not limited to metal-based stabilizers (such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, etc.), hindered phenolic stabilizers, phosphorus-based stabilizers, hindered amine-based stabilizers, ultraviolet absorbers (such as salicylate, Any one or more of benzotriazole, hydroxybenzophenone, etc.).
  • metal-based stabilizers such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, etc.
  • hindered phenolic stabilizers such as zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, etc.
  • phosphorus-based stabilizers such as phosphorus-based stabilizers
  • hindered amine-based stabilizers such as phosphorus-based stabilizers
  • ultraviolet absorbers such as salicylate, Any one or more of benzotriazole, hydroxybenzophenone, etc.
  • the toughening agent includes, but is not limited to, ethylene-octene copolymer, EPDM rubber/propylene-alpha olefin copolymer, propylene-alpha olefin copolymer, ethylene-acrylate copolymer or ethylene-acrylate-methyl Any one or more of glycidyl acrylate copolymers.
  • the polyamide composition of the present invention further includes 5-30 parts by weight of a flame retardant.
  • the flame retardant is selected from brominated epoxy resin, brominated polystyrene, decabromodiphenylethane, melamine cyanurate, red phosphorus, aluminum diethylphosphinate, melamine polyphosphate, phosphorus Any one or more of nitrile, magnesium hydroxide, boehmite or zinc borate.
  • the present invention also provides a preparation method for the above-mentioned polyamide composition, which includes the following steps: according to the proportion, after premixing each component except the reinforcing material uniformly, feeding the twin-screw extruder from the main feeding system, and feeding the reinforcing material from A twin-screw extruder added to the side feeding system, melt extruded, cooled and formed, and pelletized to obtain a polyamide composition; wherein the screw length-to-diameter ratio is (40-48): 1, and the extrusion temperature is 220-270 °C.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the above polyamide composition in the field of electronics and electrics.
  • the present invention also provides the use of germanium disulfide as a heat-resistant aging agent in polyamide materials, comprising the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyamide resin; 0-100 parts of reinforcing material; 0.05-1 parts of germanium disulfide share.
  • germanium disulfide has the effect of significantly improving the long-term heat aging resistance of polyamide materials.
  • the polyamide material modified by germanium disulfide can still maintain high mechanical properties after long-term thermal aging, which greatly prolongs the service life of the material and improves the use value.
  • the present invention adds a certain amount of germanium disulfide to the polyamide material, while effectively improving the long-term heat-resistant aging performance of the material, and has no negative impact on the CTI of the material, and is more suitable for application in electronic and electrical equipment, etc. demanding areas.
  • Polyamide resin 1 PA6 HY2800A, Haiyang Chemical Fiber Group;
  • Polyamide resin 2 PA66 U4800, INVISTA;
  • Germanium disulfide Hubei Xinmingtai
  • Reinforcement material 1 glass fiber, Jushi Group, ECS10-03-568H;
  • Reinforcement material 2 talc powder, Guangxi Longsheng Huamei Talc Development Co., Ltd., AH-1250;
  • Antioxidant BASF, IRGANOX 1098;
  • Lubricant Honeywell, A-C540A, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer lubricant;
  • Flame retardant 1 Decabromodiphenylethane, SAYTEX4010, American Albemarle;
  • Flame retardant 2 brominated polystyrene, SAYTEX 621, American Albemarle;
  • Tensile strength retention (%) tensile strength after long-term heat aging (MPa)/initial tensile strength (MPa) ⁇ 100%;
  • Table 1 The distribution ratio of each component (by weight) and related performance test results of Examples 1-11
  • the present invention can effectively improve the long-term heat aging resistance of the material by adding a certain amount of germanium disulfide to the polyamide material, and can still maintain a high mechanical strength after long-term heat aging. properties without negatively affecting the CTI of the material.
  • germanium disulfide has the same improvement effect on the long-term heat aging resistance of materials as copper salt antioxidants, and has no negative impact on the CTI of materials, and has greater applications in fields with higher requirements for electrical properties space.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

一种聚酰胺组合物,按重量份数计,包括组分聚酰胺树脂100份;增强材料0~100份;二硫化锗0.05~1份。通过在聚酰胺材料中添加一定量的二硫化锗,能够有效提高材料长期耐热老化性能,同时对材料的CTI无负面影响,制备得到长期耐热老化性能优异的聚酰胺材料,大大延长了聚酰胺材料的使用寿命,使用价值高。

Description

一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途 技术领域
本发明涉及工程塑料技术领域,具体涉及一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途。
背景技术
聚酰胺作为一种常见的热塑性聚合物,凭借其特有的性能广泛应用于服装、家电、机械、交通、办公等各个领域。聚酰胺材料由于普遍具有较高的熔点,因此在一些需要较高使用温度的工况条件下,常采用聚酰胺材料替代金属类材料,在实现减重的同时,还可以保持产品性能;此外,由于分子链的特殊结构,聚酰胺材料还具有耐溶剂、自润滑等优异特性,进一步拓宽了其使用范围。然而,有研究表明,聚酰胺材料在高温下,酰胺基团的强极性导致其分子链容易受到氧化攻击变为大分子自由基,然后大分子自由基会转变为发色团、过氧自由基和氢过氧化物等,这些氧化中间体会进一步参与氧化链循环反应,直到发生大分子链断裂,导致材料力学性能劣化,使用寿命缩短。因此,如何改善聚酰胺的热氧化稳定性、提高材料的使用效能非常重要。
现有技术中,添加抗氧剂是提高聚酰胺热氧稳定性常用的方法。然而传统的聚酰胺抗氧技术在实际使用中存在一定的局限性,例如在各类抗氧剂中效果较好的铜盐类抗氧剂,其有效改善材料热氧稳定性的同时,会导致材料CTI(Comparative Tracking Index)值显著降低,进而影响材料在电子电气领域的一些应用。
发明内容
为了克服上述现有技术存在的不足,本发明的目的在于提供一种聚酰胺组合物,具有优异的长期耐热老化性能。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述聚酰胺组合物的制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种聚酰胺组合物,按重量份数计,包括以下组分:
聚酰胺树脂  100份;
增强材料    0~100份;
二硫化锗    0.05~1份。
本发明经研究意外发现,在聚酰胺材料中添加二硫化锗,能够显著改善材料的长期耐热 老化性能,且对材料的CTI无负面影响。优选的,所述二硫化锗为0.1~0.5份。
本发明的目的在于对聚酰胺树脂进行改性,对于聚酰胺树脂的种类和规格参数不做特殊要求。
本发明所述聚酰胺树脂可选自脂肪族聚酰胺、脂肪-芳香族聚酰胺或芳香族聚酰胺中的任意一种或几种。优选的,所述脂肪族聚酰胺选自PA6、PA7、PA11、PA12、PA66、PA46、PA56、PA510、PA610、PA612、PA1010或PA1012中的任意一种或几种;所述脂肪-芳香族聚酰胺选自PA4T、PA5T、PA6T、PA9T、PA10T、MXD6中的任意一种或几种;所述芳香族聚酰胺选自聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺中的任意一种或几种。
优选的,所述聚酰胺树脂选自脂肪族聚酰胺;更优选的,所述聚酰胺树脂选自PA6或PA66中的任意一种或几种。
本发明可以根据材料性能需求,选择添加增强材料。优选的,所述增强材料用量为30-60份;所述增强材料选自玻璃纤维、玻璃微珠、碳纤维、碳酸钙、滑石粉、硅灰石、硫酸钡、云母粉、高岭土、硅藻土或碳酸铝钙中的任意一种或几种。优选的,所述增强材料选自玻璃纤维。
根据材料性能需求,本发明的聚酰胺组合物,按重量份数计,还包括0.1~50份加工助剂。
所述加工助剂选自抗氧剂、润滑剂、光稳定剂或增韧剂中的任意一种或几种。
所述抗氧剂包括但不限于N,N'-双-(3-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酰基)己二胺(抗氧剂1098)、三[2.4-二叔丁基苯基]亚磷酸酯(抗氧剂168)、四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯(抗氧剂1010)或亚磷酸酯类抗氧剂中的任意一种或几种。
所述润滑剂包括但不限于硬脂酸盐、改性乙撑双脂肪酸酰胺、超支化聚酯、脂肪族脂肪酸酯或乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物中的任意一种或几种。
所述光稳定剂包括但不限于金属系稳定剂(例如氧化锌、硫化锌等)、受阻酚系稳定剂、磷系稳定剂、受阻胺系稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂(例如水杨酸酯、苯并三唑、羟基二苯甲酮等)中的任意一种或几种。
所述增韧剂包括但不限于乙烯-辛烯共聚物、三元乙丙橡胶/丙烯-α烯烃共聚物、丙烯-α烯烃共聚物、乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物或乙烯-丙烯酸酯-甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯共聚物中的任意一种或几种。
根据材料性能需求,本发明的聚酰胺组合物,按重量份数计,还包括5~30份的阻燃剂。所述阻燃剂选自溴化环氧树脂、溴化聚苯乙烯、十溴二苯乙烷、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、红磷、 二乙基次膦酸铝,三聚氰胺多聚磷酸盐、磷腈、氢氧化镁、勃姆石或硼酸锌中的任意一种或几种。
本发明还提供上述聚酰胺组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:按照配比,将除增强材料外的各组分预混合均匀后,从主喂料系统加入双螺杆挤出机,增强材料从侧喂料系统加入的双螺杆挤出机,熔融挤出,冷却成型,切粒,制得聚酰胺组合物;其中螺杆长径比为(40~48):1,挤出温度为220-270℃。
本发明还提供上述聚酰胺组合物在电子电气领域的应用。
本发明还提供二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途,按重量份数计,包括以下组分:聚酰胺树脂100份;增强材料0~100份;二硫化锗0.05~1份。
本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明经研究发现,二硫化锗具有显著改善聚酰胺材料的长期耐热老化性能的作用。经二硫化锗改性的聚酰胺材料,在经长期热老化后仍能够保持较高的力学性能,大大延长了材料的使用寿命,提高使用价值。
本发明通过在聚酰胺材料中添加一定量的二硫化锗,在有效提高材料长期耐热老化性能的同时,对材料的CTI无负面影响,更适于应用在电子电气设备等对电气性能有较高要求的领域。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明进行详细说明。以下实施例将有助于本领域的技术人员进一步理解本发明,但不以任何形式限制本发明。应当指出的是,对本领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明构思的前提下,还可以做出若干变形和改进。这些都属于本发明的保护范围。
对本发明实施例及对比例所用的原材料做如下说明,但不限于这些材料:
聚酰胺树脂1:PA6 HY2800A,海阳化纤集团;
聚酰胺树脂2:PA66 U4800,英威达;
二硫化锗:湖北鑫鸣泰;
增强材料1:玻璃纤维,巨石集团,ECS10-03-568H;
增强材料2:滑石粉,广西龙胜华美滑石开发有限公司,AH-1250;
抗氧剂:BASF,IRGANOX 1098;
润滑剂:霍尼韦尔,A-C540A,乙烯-丙烯酸共聚物类润滑剂;
阻燃剂1:十溴二苯乙烷,SAYTEX4010,美国雅宝;
阻燃剂2:溴化聚苯乙烯,SAYTEX 621,美国雅宝;
铜盐:布吕格曼,H328F。
实施例和对比例的制备方法:
按照表1/表2配比,将除增强材料外的各组分预混合均匀后,从主喂料系统加入双螺杆挤出机,增强材料从侧喂料系统加入双螺杆挤出机,熔融挤出冷却成型,切粒,制得聚酰胺组合物;其中,螺杆长径比为48:1,挤出温度为220-270℃。
相关性能测试方法:
(1)拉伸强度:按照GB/T 1040-2018标准进行测试;拉伸速度为10mm/min;
(2)长期热老化测试:测试条件为130℃,1000h;将经过长期热老化后的样条按照方法(1)进行拉伸强度测试,记录数据并且计算拉伸强度保留率,计算公式如下:
拉伸强度保留率(%)=长期热老化后拉伸强度(MPa)/初始拉伸强度(MPa)×100%;
(3)CTI(Comparative Tracking Index):按照IEC 60112-2020标准进行测试。
表1:实施例1-11各组分配比(按重量份数计)及相关性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022134017-appb-000001
表2:对比例1-7各组分配比(按重量份数计)及相关性能测试结果
Figure PCTCN2022134017-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2022134017-appb-000003
由上述实施例和对比例看出,本发明通过在聚酰胺材料中添加一定量的二硫化锗,能够有效提高材料的长期耐热老化性能,在经长期热老化后仍能够保持较高的力学性能,且对材料的CTI无负面影响。
对比例1的二硫化锗添加量过少,对材料的长期耐热老化性能改善效果不明显。
对比例2的二硫化锗添加量过多,反而导致材料力学性能劣化严重,且经130℃、1000h热老化后拉伸强度保留率反而降低,经分析可能是由于过量的二硫化锗在材料中分散不佳导致结构缺陷,使材料力学性能和长期耐热老化性能下降。
对比例3/4/5/6,不添加二硫化锗,材料的长期耐热老化性能差,经130℃、1000h热老化后拉伸强度保留率低于80%。
对比例7与实施例4比较,使用铜盐抗氧剂,虽然能很好的改善材料的长期耐热老化性能,但会影响材料的电气性能,材料CTI值显著降低。本发明研究发现,二硫化锗对材料长期耐热老化性能的改善效果与铜盐抗氧剂相当,且对于材料的CTI无负面影响,在对电气性能有较高要求的领域具有更大的应用空间。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,按重量份数计,包括以下组分:
    聚酰胺树脂  100份;
    增强材料    0~100份;
    二硫化锗    0.05~1份。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述二硫化锗的用量为0.1~0.5份。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述聚酰胺树脂选自脂肪族聚酰胺、脂肪-芳香族聚酰胺或芳香族聚酰胺中的任意一种或几种;所述脂肪族聚酰胺选自PA6、PA7、PA11、PA12、PA66、PA46、PA56、PA510、PA610、PA612、PA1010或PA1012中的任意一种或几种;所述脂肪-芳香族聚酰胺选自PA4T、PA5T、PA6T、PA9T、PA10T、MXD6中的任意一种或几种;所述芳香族聚酰胺选自聚对苯二甲酰对苯二胺、聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺中的任意一种或几种。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述聚酰胺树脂选自脂肪族聚酰胺;优选的,所述聚酰胺树脂选自PA6或PA66中的任意一种或几种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,所述增强材料用量为30-60份;所述增强材料选自玻璃纤维、玻璃微珠、碳纤维、碳酸钙、滑石粉、硅灰石、硫酸钡、云母粉、高岭土或硅藻土中的任意一种或几种;优选的,所述增强材料选自玻璃纤维。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,按重量份数计,还包括0.1~50份加工助剂;所述加工助剂选自抗氧剂、润滑剂、光稳定剂或增韧剂中的任意一种或几种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的聚酰胺组合物,其特征在于,按重量份数计,还包括5~30份阻燃剂;所述阻燃剂选自溴化环氧树脂、溴化聚苯乙烯、十溴二苯乙烷、三聚氰胺氰尿酸盐、红磷、二乙基次膦酸铝,三聚氰胺多聚磷酸盐、磷腈、氢氧化镁、勃姆石或硼酸锌中的任意一种或几种。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的聚酰胺组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:按照配比,将除增强材料外的各组分预混合均匀后,从主喂料系统加入双螺杆挤出机,增强材料从侧喂料系统加入的双螺杆挤出机,熔融挤出,冷却成型,切粒,制得聚酰胺组合物;其中螺杆长径比为(40~48):1,挤出温度为220-270℃。
  9. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的聚酰胺组合物在电子电气领域的应用。
  10. 二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途,其特征在于,按重量份数计,包括以下组分:
    聚酰胺树脂  100份;
    增强材料    0~100份;
    二硫化锗    0.05~1份。
PCT/CN2022/134017 2021-12-06 2022-11-24 一种聚酰胺组合物及其制备方法和二硫化锗在聚酰胺材料中作为抗热老化剂的用途 WO2023103795A1 (zh)

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