WO2023103471A1 - 宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置 - Google Patents

宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置 Download PDF

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WO2023103471A1
WO2023103471A1 PCT/CN2022/115615 CN2022115615W WO2023103471A1 WO 2023103471 A1 WO2023103471 A1 WO 2023103471A1 CN 2022115615 W CN2022115615 W CN 2022115615W WO 2023103471 A1 WO2023103471 A1 WO 2023103471A1
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converter
intermediate converter
output voltage
aerospace
controller
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PCT/CN2022/115615
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English (en)
French (fr)
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唐骐
谢鹏飞
刘密
陈永刚
胡忠阳
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北京卫星制造厂有限公司
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Publication of WO2023103471A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023103471A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cascade stability control method and a realization device of an aerospace distributed power supply system.
  • the aerospace secondary power supply system has gradually changed from the traditional single-stage power supply architecture to a two-stage distributed power supply system architecture.
  • the aerospace distributed power system consists of at least one source converter cascaded with a load converter.
  • the source converter realizes the first voltage conversion, and at the same time isolates the power system from the spacecraft power supply bus to avoid catastrophic failure of the bus voltage due to power system failure.
  • the load converter realizes the second voltage conversion.
  • the output voltage and current are converted into the power supply voltage and current required by the spacecraft load or electrical equipment.
  • the current control method can only indirectly deal with the source converter by quantitatively controlling the output voltage and output current of the intermediate converter. Or the state change of the load converter due to the disturbance. Therefore, the current control method has a slow response speed and low tracking accuracy.
  • the current control method needs to change the output of the intermediate converter before the abnormal disturbance can be fed back to the controller.
  • the interference of the bus voltage of the spacecraft will affect the power supply quality of the primary bus voltage of the spacecraft in serious cases, and reduce the reliability of the power supply of the spacecraft.
  • the invention provides a cascade stability control method and a realization device of an aerospace distributed power supply system.
  • a cascade stability control method for an aerospace distributed power system comprising:
  • a mathematical model of the intermediate converter based on the PCHD equation is established, and a controller is established for the converter.
  • the input of the intermediate converter is i L and u o , the output of the controller is the switching value d 1 and d 2 ;
  • the establishment of the controller according to the intermediate converter and the PCHD equation includes:
  • L is the inductance of the intermediate converter inductor
  • C is the capacitance of the output capacitor of the intermediate converter
  • R is the load equivalent resistance of the intermediate converter.
  • the energy storage devices of the converter are inductors and capacitors C , it is defined from the perspective of energy storage , transform the state-space average model to obtain a mathematical model based on the PCHD equation:
  • the expected value i L * of the inductance current of the intermediate converter is obtained, and according to the obtained input voltage V b and input current I b of the load converter, the required value of the distributed power supply system is obtained The energy supplied to the load, and thus the expected value u o * of the output voltage of the intermediate converter;
  • i L and u o are the state values of the inductor current and output voltage of the intermediate converter at a certain moment
  • the switching values d 1 and d 2 are the outputs of the controller
  • r a1 and r a2 are the distributions of the controller type power system injected impedance
  • i L * and u o ­ * is the expected value of the inductor current of the intermediate converter and the expected value of the output voltage of the intermediate converter.
  • a device for implementing a cascade stability control method for an aerospace distributed power system comprising:
  • the first sampling module is used to acquire the inductor current i L of the intermediate converter and the output voltage u o of the intermediate converter;
  • the second sampling module is used to obtain the output voltage V m of the source converter
  • the third sampling module is used to obtain the input voltage V b and the input current I b of the load converter
  • the controller module is used to implement the control law for the establishment of the PCHD model of the intermediate converter, including:
  • the expected value calculation unit is used to obtain the expected value i L * of the inductor current of the intermediate converter according to the obtained output voltage V m of the source converter, and obtain the expected value i L * of the inductor current of the load converter according to the obtained input voltage V b and input current i b of the load converter.
  • a system impedance injection unit used for injecting impedance r a1 and r a2 into the system
  • a control processing unit configured to calculate the switching quantities d 1 and d 2 according to the i L , i L * , u o , u o * , r a1 , r a2 :
  • the driving unit is configured to convert the switching quantities d1 and d2 into PWM switching signals, and drive the switching tube of the intermediate converter to perform an on or off action.
  • a cascaded stability control method and implementation device for an aerospace distributed power supply system are provided.
  • the inductance current and output voltage of the intermediate converter are obtained as controlled quantities, and the output voltage and load of the source converter are obtained in real time.
  • the input voltage and current of the converter are used to calculate the expected value of the control quantity, and the controlled quantity of the intermediate converter is controlled through the switch quantity based on the output switch quantity of the controller established based on the PCHD equation.
  • the sampling part of the realization device is realized by a commonly used analog circuit, and the controller part is realized by programming a digital circuit, and the device is simple and easy to realize.
  • control method and implementation device feed back the output change of the source converter and the energy change of the load converter caused by external disturbances to the controller of the intermediate converter in real time, so that the system can respond quickly to disturbances , can better ensure the power supply quality of the spacecraft bus, and ensure the energy supply of various loads and power systems of the spacecraft.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an aerospace distributed power system cascade stability control method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 schematically represents the structural representation of the intermediate converter of the cascaded stability control method of the aerospace distributed power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 schematically shows the schematic diagram of the working mode of the intermediate converter of the cascaded stability control circuit of the aerospace distributed power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 schematically represents the flow chart of the cascade stability control method of the aerospace distributed power system of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a device for implementing a cascade stability control method for an aerospace distributed power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 6 schematically shows a schematic structural view of an aerospace distributed power supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows the cascade stability control effect of the aerospace distributed power system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is an application scene diagram of a cascade stability control method for an aerospace distributed power supply system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the busbar is isolated and converted through the source converter, and enters the intermediate converter to be controlled by the controller.
  • the intermediate converter provides the required voltage and current for the load converter, and at the same time realizes the decoupling of the output of the source converter and the input of the load converter , the load converter directly provides the required energy for the spacecraft load and electrical equipment.
  • the intermediate converter is mainly composed of energy storage elements such as inductors and capacitors, and controlled switching devices such as switching tubes.
  • the intermediate converter has various structural forms.
  • the structural form of an intermediate converter provided by the present invention is shown in Figure 2 .
  • the intermediate converter has multiple working modes as the two switching tubes are turned on and off, as shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the mathematical model of the intermediate converter can be obtained as:
  • d 1 and d 2 are switching quantities of the first switching tube and the second switching tube of the intermediate converter, respectively.
  • d 1 1 when the first switch is turned on
  • d 1 0 when the first switch is turned off
  • d 2 1 when the second switch is turned on
  • d 2 0 when the second switch is turned off.
  • i L is the inductor current of the intermediate converter
  • u o is the output voltage of the intermediate converter
  • V m is the output voltage of the source converter.
  • Step S1 obtaining the inductor current i L of the intermediate converter and the output voltage u o of the intermediate converter, obtaining the output voltage V m of the source converter, obtaining the input voltage V b and the input current i b of the load converter;
  • Step S2 establishing a mathematical model of the intermediate converter based on the PCHD equation
  • step S3 according to the mathematical model based on the PCHD equation, a controller is established to control the intermediate converter, so as to control the cascade stability of the aerospace distributed power system.
  • the step S2 is to establish a mathematical model of the intermediate converter based on the PCHD equation, including:
  • Step S2-1 according to the formula (1), take the controlled inductor current i L and the output voltage u o of the intermediate converter as the state variables , applying the state-space averaging method, the state-space average mathematical model of the intermediate converter is obtained as:
  • step S2-2 formula (3) is written as the standard form of the PCHD equation, and the mathematical model of the example intermediate converter based on the PCHD equation is obtained:
  • step S3 according to the mathematical model based on the PCHD equation, a controller is established to control the intermediate converter, so as to control the cascade stability of the aerospace distributed power system.
  • step S3-1 a controller based on PCHD equations is preliminarily established for the intermediate converter.
  • formula (6) represents the rate of change of the error energy function with time.
  • formula (6) can be changed into:
  • the expected value of the intermediate converter inductor current set in the embodiment is , is the expected value of the output voltage of the intermediate converter , according to formula (4) and formula (8) to establish the controller based on PCHD equation:
  • Step S3-2 establishing the final controller based on the distributed power system.
  • the expected value of the inductor current of the intermediate converter needs to track the voltage value of the output capacitor of the source converter, and the output voltage of the source converter and the inductance of the intermediate converter
  • the current adopts the volt-second balance law to obtain the expected value of the inductor current of the intermediate converter:
  • the energy stored in the output capacitor of the intermediate converter is the output energy of the intermediate converter, which determines the energy supply of the load converter, so the output energy of the intermediate converter is set to follow the energy of the load converter supply. Obtain the desired value of the output voltage of the intermediate converter:
  • the controller established by the control method of the present invention controls the on and off of the switching devices of the intermediate converter by outputting the switching values d1 and d2 , thereby realizing the control of the intermediate converter and control of distributed systems. Since the switching values d1 and d2 of the controlled converter are jointly determined by the state quantities of all converters in the distributed system, the response speed and accuracy of the system to disturbances are greatly improved, and the cascading of the aerospace distributed power supply system is guaranteed stability.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for implementing a cascade stability control method for an aerospace distributed power supply system, as shown in FIG. 5 , including:
  • the first sampling module is used to acquire the inductor current i L of the intermediate converter and the output voltage u o of the intermediate converter;
  • the second sampling module is used to obtain the output voltage V m of the source converter
  • the third sampling module is used to obtain the input voltage V b and the input current I b of the load converter
  • the controller module is used to implement the controller based on the PCHD model, including:
  • the expected value calculation unit is used to execute formula (11) and formula (12) to obtain the expected value i L * of the inductor current of the intermediate converter according to the obtained output voltage V m of the source converter, and according to the obtained value of the load converter Input voltage V b , input current I b , get the energy that the distributed power system needs to provide to the load, and then the expected value u o * of the output voltage of the intermediate converter;
  • a system impedance injection unit used for injecting impedance r a1 and r a2 into the system
  • a control processing unit configured to calculate the switching quantities d 1 and d 2 according to the formula (9) according to the i L , i L * , u o , u o * , r a1 , r a2 ;
  • the driving unit is configured to convert the switching quantities d1 and d2 into PWM switching signals, and drive the switching tube of the intermediate converter to perform an on or off action.
  • the example of the present invention schematically shows the structure of an aerospace distributed power supply system based on the control method and implementation device in FIG. 6 .
  • the first, second, and third sampling modules can all be implemented by commonly used current sampling circuits and voltage sampling circuits, and the controller module can use digital circuits according to the formula (9), the formula (11),
  • the formula (12) is programmed to implement the control method, and the analog signal of the sampling module and the digital signal conversion of the controller are realized through basic AD/DA conversion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及宇航二次电源技术领域,公开了一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置。在宇航分布式电源系统中,通过获取源变换器的输出电压Vm、负载变换器的输入电压Vb和输入电流Ib、中间变换器的输出电压uo和电感电流IL,得到中间变换器的数学模型以及输出电压的期望值Vo *和输出电流的期望值IL *,根据基于PCHD方程建立的控制器,对所述中间变换器进行控制。由于被控的中间变换器的被控量由分布式系统中所有变换器的状态量共同决定,大大提高了所述宇航分布式电源系统对于各环节扰动的响应速度与精度,提高了宇航分布式电源系统的级联稳定性。

Description

宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置
本申请要求于2021年12月6日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111511540.2、申请名称为“宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置。
背景技术
近年来,为降低宇航电源系统的供电损耗,提高电源系统的效率及供电灵活性,宇航二次电源供电系统从传统的单级供电架构已逐步转变为两级分布式供电系统架构。宇航分布式电源系统至少由一个源变换器与一个负载变换器级联组成。其中,源变换器实现首次电压变换,同时将电源系统与航天器供电母线隔离,避免因电源系统故障导致母线电压出现灾难性故障负载变换器实现二次电压变换,主要功能为将源变换器的输出电压、电流转化为航天器载荷或用电设备所需的供电电压、电流。
但是,在所述源变换器与负载变换器的级联结构中,由于源变换器的输出与负载变换器的输入相连,因此,任何一方因扰动造成的误差对另一方将产生直接影响,使得整个分布式电源系统对扰动十分敏感,极大降低了供电系统的稳定性。为此,部分学者提出在源变换器与负载变换器中间加入一级中间变换器的方法,实现了源变换器的输出和负载变换器的输入解耦。
尽管在加入中间变换器后,分布式系统的抗干扰能力有了较大程度的提升,但当前的控制方法仅能通过对中间变换器的输出电压、输出电流的定量控制,间接应对源变换器或负载变换器因扰动带来的状态变化。因此,当前控制方法响应速度慢,跟踪精度不高。一方面,当前级变换器遇到异常扰动时,当前的控制方法需要再经过中间变换器的输出变化,才可将异常扰动情况反馈到控制器中,无法快速切断前级变换器的异常对航天器母线电压的干扰,严重时将影响航天器一次母线电压的供电质量,降低了航天器供电可靠性。另一方面,由于航天器的载荷及用电设备能量需求变化快速,负载变换器输出能量变化较大,当前控制方法仍然无法及时且精确的响应,容易导致载荷在较长时间内无法正常工作。因此,研究宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置具有现实意义。
技术问题
本发明提供一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置。
技术解决方案
为实现上述发明目的,本发明的技术方案是:
一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法,包括:
获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o;
获取源变换器的输出电压 V m
获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b;
根据中间变换器的状态空间平均模型,建立中间变换器基于PCHD方程的数学模型,对所述变换器建立控制器。所述中间变换器的输入为 i Lu o,所述控制器的输出为开关量 d 1d 2;
所述根据中间变换器和PCHD方程建立所述控制器,包括:
对所述中间变换器进行工作模态分析,建立状态空间平均模型:
Figure 542307dest_path_image001
L为所述中间变换器电感的电感量, C为所述中间变换器输出电容的电容量, R为所述中间变换器的负载等效电阻值。
由于变换器能量存储器件为电感和电容 C,以能量存储的角度定义
Figure 497494dest_path_image002
,对状态空间平均模型作变换,得到基于PCHD方程的数学模型:
Figure 412360dest_path_image003
式中
Figure 871024dest_path_image004
为使得由外部扰动所造成的系统误差能量迅速收敛至0,为所述PCHD方程模型注入阻抗R a,得到所述控制器的控制律:
Figure 275460dest_path_image005
根据所获取的源变换器的输出电压 V m,得到中间变换器电感电流的期望值 i L *,根据所获取的负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b,得到分布式电源系统所需提供给负载的能量,进而中间变换器输出电压的期望值 u *
根据所述控制律与所述电流、电压期望值,建立控制器,所述控制器的输出:
Figure 921205dest_path_image006
i Lu o为所述中间变换器的电感电流和输出电压在某一时刻的状态值,开关量 d 1d 2为所述控制器的输出,r a1,r a2为控制器为分布式电源系统注入的阻抗, i L * u o ­ *为所述中间变换器的电感电流的期望值与中间变换器输出电压的期望值。
一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的实现装置,包括:
第一采样模块,用于获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o
第二采样模块,用于获取源变换器的输出电压 V m
第三采样模块,用于获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b;
控制器模块,用于实现中间变换器PCHD模型建立的控制律,包括:
期望值计算单元,用于根据所获取的源变换器的输出电压 V m,得到中间变换器电感电流的期望值 i L *,根据所获取的负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 i b,得到分布式电源系统所需提供给负载的能量,进而中间变换器输出电压的期望值 u *
系统阻抗注入单元,用于为系统注入阻抗r a1、r a2
控制处理单元,用于根据所述 i Li L *u ou *、r a1、r a2,计算出所述开关量 d 1d 2
驱动单元,用于将所述开关量 d 1d 2转化为PWM开关信号,驱动所述中间变换器的开关管执行开通或关断动作。
有益效果
根据本发明的方案,提供了一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置,获取中间变换器的电感电流、输出电压作为被控制量,实时获取源变换器的输出电压、负载变换器的输入电压及电流,计算出所述控制量的期望值,根据基于PCHD方程建立的控制器输出开关量,通过开关量对所述中间变换器的被控量进行控制。所述实现装置的采样部分通过常用的模拟电路实现,控制器部分通过数字电路编程实施,装置简单易实现。综上,所述控制方法及实现装置将因外部扰动造成的源变换器的输出量变化、负载变换器的能量变化实时反馈到中间变换器的控制器中,使得该系统对扰动的响应速度快,能更好的保证航天器母线的供电质量,以及保证航天器各种载荷、用电系统的能量供给。
附图说明
图1示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的应用场景示意图;
图2示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的中间变换器的结构示意图;
图3示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制电路的中间变换器的工作模态示意图;
图4示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的流程图;
图5示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法实现装置的结构示意图;
图6 示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统的结构示意图;
图7 示意性表示本发明的一种实施方式的宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制效果示意图。
本发明的实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施方式,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
在针对本发明的实施方式进行描述时,术语“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”所表达的方位或位置关系是基于相关附图所示的方位或位置关系,其仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此上述术语不能理解为对本发明的限制。
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作详细地描述,实施方式不能在此一一赘述,但本发明的实施方式并不因此限定于以下实施方式。
图1为本发明的一种实施方式提供的一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的应用场景图,宇航分布式电源供电系统中,由航天器太阳能光伏电池阵或蓄电池组提供一次母线,通过源变换器进行隔离变换,进入中间变换器通过控制器进行控制,由中间变换器为负载变换器提供所需的电压、电流,同时实现源变换器输出与负载变换器输入的解耦,负载变换器直接为航天器载荷及用电设备提供所需的能量。
中间变换器主要由电感、电容等储能元件,以及开关管等受控开关器件组成,中间变换器有多种结构形式,本发明提供的一种中间变换器的结构形式,如图2所示。在某一时间周期内,所述中间变换器随着两个开关管的开通与关断具有多种工作模态,如图3所示。依据中间变换器的工作模态,可以获得中间变换器数学模型为:
Figure 639762dest_path_image007
            (1)
其中, d 1d 2为分别为所述中间变换器的第一开关管和第二开关管的开关量。当第一开关导通时 d 1=1,当第一开关关断时 d 1=0,当第二开关导通时 d 2=1,当第二开关关断时 d 2=0。 i L为中间变换器的电感电流, u o为中间变换器的输出电压, V m为源变换器的输出电压。
基于图1所示应用场景及图2所示中间变换器,建立本发明实施方式提供的如图4所示的一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法,包括:
步骤S1,获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o、获取源变换器的输出电压 V m、获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 i b;
步骤S2,基于PCHD方程建立中间变换器的数学模型;
步骤S3,根据所述基于PCHD方程的数学模型,建立控制器,对中间变换器进行控制,实现对宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性的控制。
所述步骤S2,基于PCHD方程建立中间变换器的数学模型,包括:
步骤S2-1,针对公式(1),取中间变换器的被控量电感电流 i L和输出电压 u o为状态变量
Figure 218511dest_path_image008
,应用状态空间平均法,获得中间变换器的状态空间平均数学模型为:
Figure 997111dest_path_image009
               (2)
由于变换器电感的电感量 L、输出电容的容量 C为定量,故将
Figure 661311dest_path_image010
定义为新的状态变量,将公式(2)变为:
Figure 183559dest_path_image011
                  (3)
步骤S2-2,将式(3)写为PCHD方程的标准形式,得到所述实例中间变换器基于PCHD方程的数学模型:
Figure 616815dest_path_image012
                  (4)
式中
Figure 566316dest_path_image013
步骤S3,根据所述基于PCHD方程的数学模型,建立控制器,对中间变换器进行控制,实现对宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性的控制。包括:
步骤S3-1,为中间变换器初步建立基于PCHD方程的控制器。包括:
由于中间变换器的储能元件为电感、电容,对应存储的能量为
Figure 452232dest_path_image014
。定义能量存储函数
Figure 778172dest_path_image015
,则有
Figure 800354dest_path_image016
。将能量存储函数对时间求导,得到
Figure 920757dest_path_image017
,显然
Figure 553689dest_path_image018
表征能量随时间的变化速率,代入公式(4),可得到:
Figure 417740dest_path_image019
                        (5)
对系统因干扰造成的误差,定义为
Figure 560008dest_path_image020
,则误差能量函数
Figure 116892dest_path_image021
。将系统的期望值定义为
Figure 977400dest_path_image022
,显然在任意时刻,有
Figure 645142dest_path_image023
,则公式(5)可变为:
Figure 235392dest_path_image024
                 (6)
由于
Figure 353390dest_path_image025
,则公式(6)代表了误差能量函数随时间的变化速率。为加快误差能量的变化速率以期系统在受到干扰后能快速的恢复稳态,向系统中注入阻抗
Figure 904457dest_path_image026
,则公式(6)经整理可变为:
Figure 110310dest_path_image027
 (7)
显然通过设定:
Figure 492750dest_path_image028
           (8)
则公式(7)有
Figure 391436dest_path_image029
,代表误差能量
Figure 960958dest_path_image030
将逐渐收敛至0,系统会在一定时间内恢复至稳态。且通过调节注入的阻抗
Figure 298398dest_path_image026
,动态调节误差能量
Figure 410711dest_path_image030
收敛至0的速度。由此可见,依据公式(8)为所述中间变换器的建立控制器,使得分布式电源系统实现误差能量的快速收敛,提高系统的抗干扰能力及稳定性。
设定实施例所述中间变换器电感电流期望值为
Figure 339352dest_path_image031
,为中间变换器的输出电压期望值
Figure 865012dest_path_image032
,按照公式(4)和公式(8)建立基于PCHD方程的控制器:
   
Figure 537301dest_path_image033
              (9)
步骤S3-2,基于分布式电源系统建立最终的控制器。
由于中间变换器所需的电感电流由源变换器的输出电容提供,中间变换器的电感电流期望值需跟踪源变换器的输出电容的电压值,对源变换器的输出电压以及中间变换器的电感电流采用伏秒平衡法则,获得中间变换器的电感电流期望值:
Figure 832016dest_path_image034
                (10)
其中,
Figure 806926dest_path_image035
为源变换器与中间变换级联后振荡频率,该值与中间变换器的开关频率
Figure 616619dest_path_image036
有关,基于分布式级联系统的Middlebrook判据,需保证
Figure 967966dest_path_image037
,取
Figure 586029dest_path_image038
,λ为源变换器电容电压纹波率,通常该值越小越好,但太小的λ意味着过大的源变换器输出电容,一般取λ=0.4,则可以得到中间变换器电感电流期望值:
Figure 127912dest_path_image039
           (11)
另一方面,中间变换器的输出电容存储的能量为中间变换器的输出能量,该能量决定了负载变换器的能量供给,因此,使中间变换器的输出能量设定为跟踪负载变换器的能量供给。得到中间变换器的输出电压期望值:
Figure 34688dest_path_image040
                       (12)
最后,将公式(11)、公式(12)代入公式(9),得到最终的控制器:
Figure 783201dest_path_image041
  (13)
由公式(13)可以看出,由本发明所述控制方法建立的控制器,通过输出开关量 d 1d 2对中间变换器的开关器件进行开通与关断的控制,进而实现对中间变换器以及分布式系统的控制。由于被控变换器的开关量 d 1d 2由分布式系统中全部变换器的状态量共同决定,大大提高了所述系统对于扰动的响应速度与精度,保障宇航分布式电源系统的级联稳定性。
本发明实施例提供了一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的实现装置,如图5所示,包括:
第一采样模块,用于获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o
第二采样模块,用于获取源变换器的输出电压 V m
第三采样模块,用于获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b;
控制器模块,用于实现基于PCHD模型建立的控制器,包括:
期望值计算单元,用于执行公式(11)和公式(12),根据所获取的源变换器的输出电压 V m,得到中间变换器电感电流的期望值 i L *,根据所获取的负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b,得到分布式电源系统所需提供给负载的能量,进而中间变换器输出电压的期望值 u *
系统阻抗注入单元,用于为系统注入阻抗 r a1r a2
控制处理单元,用于根据所述 i Li L *u ou *r a1r a2,依据公式(9)计算出所述开关量 d 1d 2
驱动单元,用于将所述开关量 d 1d 2转化为PWM开关信号,驱动所述中间变换器的开关管执行开通或关断动作。
本发明实例通过图6示意性表示基于所述控制方法及实现装置的一种宇航分布式电源系统的结构。所述第一、第二、第三采样模块均可通过常用的电流采样电路、电压采样电路实现,所述控制器模块可通过数字电路依据所述公式(9)、所述公式(11)、所述公式(12)进行编程实现所述控制方法,通过基本的AD/DA变换实现采样模块的模拟信号及控制器的数字信号转化。
通过上述控制方法和实施装置,能够更快的响应宇航分布式电源系统各环节的扰动,实现宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性的控制。本发明实例实现的效果如图7所示,中间变换器输出电压 u o能迅速跟踪源变换器输出电压 V m的变化,同时,负载变换器所需电流 I o的变化对航天器母线电压 V in的影响较小,表明本发明所述宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法及实现装置对于系统扰动有较强的鲁棒性,实现效果较好。
以上所述仅为本发明的一个实施方式而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

  1. 一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法,其特征在于,包括:
    获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o;
    获取源变换器的输出电压 V m
    获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b;
    根据中间变换器的状态空间平均模型,建立中间变换器基于PCHD(能量耗散哈密顿)方程的数学模型,对所述变换器建立控制器。所述中间变换器的输入为 i Lu o,所述控制器的输出为开关量 d 1d 2;
    所述根据中间变换器和PCHD方程建立所述控制器,包括:
    对所述中间变换器进行工作模态分析,建立状态空间平均模型:
    Figure 149508dest_path_image001
    L为所述中间变换器电感的电感量, C为所述中间变换器输出电容的电容量, R为所述中间变换器的负载等效电阻值。
    由于变换器能量存储器件为电感和电容 C,以能量存储的角度定义
    Figure 466220dest_path_image002
    ,对状态空间平均模型作变换,得到基于PCHD方程的数学模型:
    式中
    Figure 209234dest_path_image004
    为使得由外部扰动所造成的系统误差能量迅速收敛至0,为所述PCHD方程模型注入阻抗R a,得到所述控制器的控制律:
    Figure 5152dest_path_image005
    根据所获取的源变换器的输出电压 V m,得到中间变换器电感电流的期望值 i L *,根据所获取的负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b,得到分布式电源系统所需提供给负载的能量,进而中间变换器输出电压的期望值 u o ­ *
    根据所述控制律与所述电流、电压期望值,建立控制器,所述控制器的输出:
    Figure 555082dest_path_image006
    i Lu o为所述中间变换器的电感电流和输出电压在某一时刻的状态值,开关量 d 1d 2为所述控制器的输出,r a1,r a2为控制器为分布式电源系统注入的阻抗, i L * u o ­ *为所述中间变换器的电感电流的期望值与中间变换器输出电压的期望值。
  2. 一种宇航分布式电源系统级联稳定性控制方法的实现装置,其特征在于,包括:
    第一采样模块,用于获取中间变换器的电感电流 i L和中间变换器的输出电压 u o
    第二采样模块,用于获取源变换器的输出电压 V m
    第三采样模块,用于获取负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 I b;
    控制器模块,用于实现中间变换器PCHD模型建立的控制律,包括:
    期望值计算单元,用于根据所获取的源变换器的输出电压 V m,得到中间变换器电感电流的期望值 i L *,根据所获取的负载变换器的输入电压 V b、输入电流 i b,得到分布式电源系统所需提供给负载的能量,进而中间变换器输出电压的期望值 u o ­ *
    系统阻抗注入单元,用于为系统注入阻抗r a1、r a2
    控制处理单元,用于根据所述 i Li L *u ou o ­ *、r a1、r a2,计算出所述开关量 d 1d 2
    驱动单元,用于将所述开关量 d 1d 2转化为PWM开关信号,驱动所述中间变换器的开关管执行开通或关断动作。
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