WO2023092968A1 - 一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺 - Google Patents

一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023092968A1
WO2023092968A1 PCT/CN2022/094419 CN2022094419W WO2023092968A1 WO 2023092968 A1 WO2023092968 A1 WO 2023092968A1 CN 2022094419 W CN2022094419 W CN 2022094419W WO 2023092968 A1 WO2023092968 A1 WO 2023092968A1
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Prior art keywords
thread rolling
board
rack
tooth
planetary wheel
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PCT/CN2022/094419
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈伟
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玉环普天单向器有限公司
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Publication of WO2023092968A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023092968A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
    • B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
    • B21H5/027—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls by rolling using reciprocating flat dies, e.g. racks

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of cold stamping processing, and relates to a thread rolling board, in particular to a thread rolling process of a planetary wheel thread rolling board.
  • the thread rolling boards are widely used in our daily life. Generally, the thread rolling boards appear in pairs. The two thread rolling boards hold the workpiece to be processed, and then move the workpiece along the threading board to make a circle. The tooth rubbing on the thread rolling board can form a rack on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, and the external thread or tap of the workpiece can be processed by using the thread rubbing board.
  • the teeth on some gears can also be thread-rolled and extruded through the thread-rolling board.
  • the rack After the rack is rolled out, it is transferred to the lathe for turning processing. Since there are many racks, each rack needs to be chamfered, and each rack needs to be processed. Carrying out the turning processing step with turning tool needs to be repeated several times, which is very troublesome. And because the chamfer is an inclined surface, turning itself is extremely difficult. Multiple turnings will cause the processed chamfer surface to be uneven.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a planetary wheel thread rolling board and thread rolling process thereof for the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. It solves the technical problem that it is very difficult to chamfer the rack on the existing planetary gear.
  • a thread rolling board for planetary gears comprising a body, on which are provided several racks that are obliquely arranged and evenly spaced, and the racks have a top surface, a toothed surface and a reversed tooth surface, and it is characterized in that the An inclined surface intersecting with the reverse tooth surface is provided on the side of the reverse tooth surface on the rubbing rack.
  • the slope direction of the inclined surface is the same as that of the reverse tooth surface, and the angle ⁇ between the inclined surface and the side where the long side of the main body is located is less than The angle ⁇ between the negative tooth surface and the side where the long side of the body is located.
  • the raised racks on the thread rolling board will leave evenly spaced tooth grooves on the planetary wheel.
  • the reverse tooth surface and the cis-tooth surface on the side, these three surfaces correspond to the groove bottom and the groove walls on both sides respectively.
  • This rubbing rack is located on the same side as the reverse tooth surface and protrudes a part. The side of this part intersects with the reverse tooth surface, which is an inclined surface. Since the rubbing rack is inclined, the reverse tooth surface on its side is also inclined.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined surface is smaller than the inclination angle ⁇ of the reverse tooth surface, so that the inclined surface will be eccentric due to the angular deviation between ⁇ and ⁇ during the rolling process of the planetary wheel, and one side of the groove wall of the original tooth groove on the planetary wheel will be pressed out
  • the structure of the arc surface is similar to chamfering, which realizes the chamfering on the planetary gear rack directly by cold pressing without turning. This design is very convenient for chamfering on the planetary gear rack. Moreover, this design completes the processing of the gear rack on the planetary gear and the chamfering processing on the rack through one thread rolling, which greatly reduces the processing steps and is very convenient for the processing of the chamfering on the rack.
  • the body includes a detachable main board and a sub-board, and each rack includes half rack one and half rack two, and the half rack one is located on the main board Above, the two half racks are located on the sub-plate, and the inclined surface is located on the second half rack.
  • the thread rolling board is composed of a main board and an auxiliary board. There is an inclined surface on the surface, and turning is not easy to operate. Therefore, through the separation of the main board and the sub-plate, the part where the inclined surface of the thread rolling bar is located is directly separated. In addition, the sub-plate is processed separately, and the inclined surface is formed by turning on the sub-plate. Processing After the completion, reassemble the sub-board with the main board so that the half-rack 1 and half-rack on the two are combined into one to form a complete rack with convex parts, which is convenient for processing the thread-rolling board , and it is also convenient to rub out the rack and the chamfer on the rack on the planetary wheel through this thread rolling board.
  • the inclined surface is the reverse tooth surface on the second half rack, and the angle ⁇ between the inclined surface and the side where the long side of the body is located is smaller than the reverse tooth surface of the first half rack.
  • the inclined surface is the negative tooth surface on the second half rack.
  • the width of the second half rack gradually increases from one side close to the half rack to the other side. Due to the inclination angle of the positive tooth surface on the second half rack It remains the same as the inclination angle on the first half rack, so the side of the reverse tooth surface on the second half rack will gradually protrude to form a convex part, and the inclination angle ⁇ of the side surface, that is, the inclined surface, is smaller than that on the first half rack.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the reverse tooth surface is designed in this way so that the split processing method of the main board and the auxiliary board can easily process the thread rolling board.
  • one end of the body is provided with a pre-tapping tooth portion, and the pre-tapping tooth portion is provided with a plurality of pre-tapping racks that are closer to the rolling racks and are denser.
  • this design adopts the design of the pre-tapping tooth part, and the pre-tapping tooth part is provided with gradually dense pre-rolling racks. , so that the width of the tooth groove on the planetary wheel can gradually widen during the rolling process, which is very convenient for the processing of the rack.
  • the pre-tapping part can process the prototype of the rack in one step, and then the rack can be processed more easily when it touches the inclined surface.
  • the other end of the main body is provided with an extension part, and the extension part is provided with a plurality of inter-teeth bars at the same interval as the rubbing racks.
  • the design of the inter-toothed rack can test the rack on the processed planetary gear, and squeeze and trim the burrs and flashes on the rack to make the processed rack with higher precision and more beautiful appearance.
  • the side parts of the pre-tapping teeth and the extension protrude from the side of the main board and surround and form a positioning groove, and the sub-plate is located in the positioning groove and is connected to the main board by bolts. fixed.
  • the reaction of the thread rolling board is very large. If the sub-plate is directly fixed to the main board by bolts, it is easy to shift under the action of reaction force or after long-term use, so that the main body and sub-board of the thread rolling strip on the main board
  • the butt position of the extended section on the upper part is skewed, which leads to breakage or misalignment of the processed rack. Therefore, this design uses the pre-tapping part and the extension part to surround the sub-plate, so that the side of the sub-plate where the force direction is located is affected by the pre-tapping part and the extension part.
  • the resistance of the extension part can effectively improve the connection strength of the sub-board, and the installation position of the sub-board can be positioned in this way, which is very convenient for the installation of the sub-board.
  • the groove wall of the positioning groove on one side of the extension part is perpendicular to the side of the main plate and one side of the auxiliary plate is against the groove wall there, and the positioning groove is located at
  • the groove wall on one side of the pre-tapping portion is an inclined guide surface, and the other side of the sub-plate abuts against the groove wall there.
  • the groove wall of the positioning groove on the side of the pre-tapping part is not affected by the reaction force.
  • the side of the position is an inclined guide surface to facilitate the installation and removal of the sub-plate.
  • the groove wall of the positioning groove at the extension part is perpendicular to the main board , the groove wall at this place will be pressed by the sub-plate during the thread rolling process, so the vertical design can effectively contact the sub-plate to give support to the sub-plate, prevent the sub-plate from shifting, and further facilitate the processing of chamfering.
  • a kind of thread rolling process using above-mentioned planetary wheel thread rolling plate is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
  • the first step, positioning and clamping use a clamp to clamp the blank planetary wheel
  • the second step is to adjust the position: move the fixture to arrange the blank planetary wheels along the width direction of the thread rolling board.
  • the inclined surfaces of all the racks on the thread rolling The pre-chamfering position on the blank planetary wheel is aligned with the chamfering working belt, and the pre-chamfering position on the blank planetary wheel can roll along the chamfering working belt.
  • the third step, pre-tapping move the thread rolling plate close to and squeeze the blank planetary wheel to form the blank tooth, and check the tooth bud height of the blank tooth.
  • the fourth step, tapping translate the thread rolling plate to make the blank planetary wheel roll along the length direction of the planetary wheel threading plate until it is completely separated from the blank planetary wheel, and the rack is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the blank planetary wheel
  • the inclined surface on the chamfering working belt forms an arc-shaped chamfering surface on one of the groove walls of each tooth groove.
  • this thread rolling process it is mainly to align the position to be chamfered on the blank planetary wheel with the position of the chamfering working belt, so that the blank planetary wheel can roll over the chamfering working belt during the rotation, so that the chamfering work
  • the inclined surface on the belt can be chamfered at the position to be chamfered. This design is very convenient for us to process the chamfer on the planetary gear teeth.
  • the clamp in the first step includes two thimble seats arranged on the same axis, and the thimble seats can be respectively pressed on the planetary wheel by approaching each other. both ends.
  • the thread rolling boards in the second step have two pieces and are arranged in a staggered manner, and the chamfering working belts on the two thread rolling boards are all located on the same side and mutually connected. Alignment, the blank planetary wheel is located between two thread rolling boards, and the pre-chamfering position on the blank planetary wheel is located between two chamfering working belts.
  • the protruding part of the reverse tooth surface of the rack is the convex part.
  • the side of the convex part is an inclined surface, and the inclination angle ⁇ of the inclined surface is smaller than the inclination angle ⁇ of the reverse tooth surface.
  • the middle inclined surface will be rolled on the teeth of the planetary gear to form a structure similar to chamfering. This design is very convenient for chamfering on the planetary gear rack.
  • the thread rolling board is composed of a main board and an auxiliary board.
  • the main reason is that the gear rack is not easy to process due to the inclined surface on the reverse tooth surface.
  • the auxiliary board where the end of the thread rolling bar is located The plate is separated and turned separately. After the processing is completed, the thread rolling bar is reassembled with the thread rolling plate on the main board. This design can easily use this thread rolling plate to rub out the rack on the planetary wheel and the rack on the rack. chamfer.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of the present invention at A place of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a partial sectional view of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a partial structural representation of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the sub-board structure of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the planetary gear clamped by the thimble seat of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the planetary gear of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a partial enlarged view of the present invention at B in FIG. 7 .
  • a planetary thread rubbing board as shown in Figures 1-8 includes a body 1 with a feed end and a discharge end, and the body 1 is provided with a number of rubbing racks 2 that are inclined toward the feed end and are evenly spaced.
  • Rack 2 includes a cis-tooth surface 21, a reverse-tooth surface 22, and a top surface 20.
  • the cis-tooth surface 21 is located on the side of the rack 2 facing the feed end
  • the reverse-tooth surface 22 is located on the side of the rack 2 facing the discharge end. side.
  • This rubbing rack 2 is provided with a raised convex portion on the side of the reverse tooth surface 22, the convex portion has an inclined side and is called an inclined surface 25, and there is a clip between the inclined surface 25 and the side of the long side of the body 1.
  • angle ⁇ there is also an included angle ⁇ between the reverse tooth surface 22 and the long side of the main body 1, both ⁇ and ⁇ are greater than 90 degrees and the angle ⁇ is smaller than the angle ⁇ .
  • the inclined surface 25 will press out an arc-shaped surface similar to a chamfered structure on the groove wall formed by the reverse tooth surface 22, and realize the direct cold pressing on the planetary wheel without turning.
  • the chamfering is processed on the 6 racks, which is very convenient for chamfering on the 6 racks of the planetary gear. And this design completes the processing of the rack on the planetary wheel 6 and the chamfering on the rack by one-time thread rolling, which greatly reduces the processing steps and facilitates the processing of the chamfering on the rack.
  • the body 1 includes a detachable main board 11 and a sub-board 12, the top surface 20 of the main board 11 is flush with the top surface 20 of the sub-board 12, and the inclined surface 25 is located on the reverse tooth surface 22 of the rubbing rack 2 at the sub-board 12 .
  • Rub rack 2 comprises split half rack one 23 and half rack two 24, and half rack one 23 is all positioned on the top surface 20 of main board 11, and half rack two 24 is all positioned on the top surface 20 of auxiliary board 12 , the inclined surface 25 is the negative tooth surface 22 at the second half rack 24.
  • the top surface 20 of the main board 11 and the sub-board 12 is flush, and the top surface 20 of the thread rolling board is generally processed by turning to process the thread rolling strips.
  • the sub-plate 12 where the end of the thread-rolling bar is located is separated by the split of the main board 11 and the sub-plate 12 for turning processing separately. Assemble the boards, so that the design can easily rub out the racks and the chamfers on the racks on the planetary wheel 6 by this thread rolling board.
  • the inclined surface 25 is located at the end of the rubbing rack 2, so the rubbing rack 2 where the inclined surface 25 is located is directly separated from the rubbing rack 2 without the inclined surface 25, and the separated two parts can be processed by turning separately. Then assemble and fix to form a complete thread-rolling bar with an inclined surface 25 for thread-rolling. Using this thread-rolling plate can rub out a rack with chamfers on the planetary wheel 6. This design facilitates processing of chamfers. It is also very convenient to process the thread rolling board on the basis of
  • One end of the main body 1 is provided with a pre-tapping tooth portion 13, and the pre-tapping tooth portion 13 is provided with a plurality of pre-tapping racks 3 that are closer to the rolling rack 2 and denser.
  • the other end of the main body 1 is provided with an extension part 14, and a plurality of inter-gear racks 4 at the same intervals as the rubbing racks 2 are provided on the extension part 14. Since the material of the planetary gear 6 is relatively rigid, it is difficult to directly rub out evenly spaced racks, so this design adopts the design of the pre-tapping tooth portion 13, and the pre-tapping tooth portion 13 is provided with gradually dense pre-tapping teeth.
  • the width of the tooth grooves on the planetary gear 6 can gradually widen during the rolling process, which is very convenient for the processing of the rack.
  • the pre-tapping tooth portion 13 can process the rack into a prototype in one step, and then the rack can be more easily extruded when it contacts the inclined surface 25 .
  • the design of the inter-toothed rack 4 can test the processed rack on the planetary gear 6, and extrude and trim the burrs and flashes on the rack to make the processed rack have higher precision and a more beautiful appearance.
  • the sides of the pre-tapping portion 13 and the extension portion 14 both protrude from the side of the main board 11 and surround a positioning groove 15 .
  • the sub-board 12 is located in the positioning groove 15 and is fixed to the main board 11 by bolts.
  • the groove wall of the positioning groove 15 on one side of the extension part 14 is perpendicular to the side of the main plate 11 and one side of the sub-plate 12 is against the groove wall there, and the groove wall of the positioning groove 15 on the side of the pre-tapping tooth part 13 is inclined.
  • the guide surface 151 and the other side of the sub-plate 12 abut against the groove wall there. In the process of thread rolling, the reaction of the thread rolling board is very large.
  • this design uses the pre-tapping part 13 and the extension part 14 to surround the sub-plate 12, so that The side of the sub-plate 12 where the force direction is located is resisted by the pre-tapping portion 13 and the extension portion 14, which effectively improves the connection strength of the sub-plate 12, and in this way the installation position of the sub-plate 12 is positioned, which is very convenient for the sub-plate 12. installation.
  • the groove wall of the positioning groove 15 on the side of the pre-tapping tooth part 13 is not affected by the reaction force, and the side of the place is an inclined guide surface 151, which can facilitate the installation and removal of the sub-plate 12.
  • the positioning groove 15 at the extension part 14 is The groove wall is perpendicular to the main board 11, and the groove wall at this place will be pressed by the sub-plate 12 during the thread rolling process, so the vertical design can effectively contact the sub-plate 12 to give support to the sub-plate 12 and prevent the sub-plate 12 from moving. bit, which further facilitates the processing of chamfering.
  • the specific process of thread rolling and extruding processing of the planetary wheel 6 using the above-mentioned thread rolling board includes the following steps: the first step is to clamp the blank planetary wheel 6 with a jig 5, and the jig 5 includes two thimbles arranged on the same axis The seat 51 and the thimble seat 51 can press against the two ends of the planetary wheel 6 respectively by approaching each other.
  • the second step is to use two staggered and parallel thread rolling boards to rub the planetary wheel 6.
  • the thread rolling boards are fixed with supporting plates capable of four-way movement, and the thread rolling plates are driven by the supporting plates to move and adjust. At the position between the planetary wheels 6, the thimble seat 51 supporting plates can drive two thread rolling plates to adjust the position.
  • the 3rd step check the position of planetary gear 6 and make it need the position of chamfering on it to correspond with the chamfering work band 28 on the thread rolling plate, the chamfering work band 28 is made up of all half racks 2 24 on the sub-plate 12 Chamfer area.
  • the two thread rolling boards approach each other and press out the tooth buds synchronously on the planetary wheel 6, and check the position and height of the tooth buds.
  • the two thread rolling boards move towards each other until they are separated from the planetary wheel 6, that is, the processing of the planetary wheel 6 is completed, and the rack 2 forms a uniform tooth groove 61 on the outer peripheral surface of the blank planetary wheel 6, and the chamfering working belt 28
  • the inclined surface 25 on the top forms an arc-shaped chamfering surface 62 on one of the groove walls of each tooth groove 62 .
  • This thread rolling process is completed by two staggered thread rolling boards.
  • the racks 2 on the two thread rolling boards are facing oppositely.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gears, Cams (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺，属于冷冲压加工技术领域。它解决了现有的行星轮上的齿条加工出倒角十分困难的问题。本搓丝板包括本体，本体上设有若干倾斜设置且间隔均匀的搓齿条，搓齿条具有顶面、顺齿面和逆齿面，搓齿条上位于逆齿面一侧设有与逆齿面相交的倾斜面，倾斜面与逆齿面的倾斜方向相同且倾斜面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角α小于逆齿面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角β,在搓丝过后，搓齿条在毛胚行星轮外周面上形成均匀的齿槽，倾斜面在每个的齿槽的其中一侧槽壁上均形成弧形的倒角面。这样的设计十分方便行星轮齿条上的倒角加工。

Description

一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺 技术领域
本发明属于冷冲压加工技术领域，涉及一种搓丝板，尤其涉及一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺。
背景技术
搓丝板在我们日常生活中应用十分广泛，一般搓丝板都是成对出现的，两块搓丝板夹持住待加工的工件，然后通过移动让工件沿着搓丝板滚动一圈使得搓丝板上的搓齿能在工件的外周面上形成齿条，使用搓丝板可以加工工件的外螺纹或丝锥。
当然一些齿轮上的齿也可以通过搓丝板来进行搓丝挤压成型，例如汽车起动机上的行星轮就是通过搓丝板的搓丝加工来成型的，为了方便行星轮与发动机的星轮的啮合，一般都需要在行星轮的齿条的末端加工出来倒角。我们国内的现有技术当中都是在齿条搓丝出来之后再转入车床内进行车削加工，由于齿条有很多条，每个齿条上都需要加工出倒角，每个齿条都需要车刀来进行车削加工步骤需要重复数次，十分麻烦。又由于倒角为倾斜面，其本身的车削难度就极大，多次车削会导致加工出来的倒角面都不是很整齐，如果再遇到车床夹具固定行星轮的位置不正则会导致车削出来的倒角面参差不齐，外观不美观不说，使用起来都配合不一，严重影响行星轮的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的上述问题，提出了一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺。它所解决的是现有的行星轮上的齿 条加工出倒角十分困难的技术问题。
本发明的目的可通过下列技术方案来实现：
一种行星轮搓丝板，包括本体，所述本体上设有若干倾斜设置且间隔均匀的搓齿条，所述搓齿条具有顶面、顺齿面和逆齿面，其特征在于，所述搓齿条上位于逆齿面一侧设有与逆齿面相交的倾斜面，所述倾斜面与逆齿面的倾斜方向相同且倾斜面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角α小于逆齿面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角β。
在行星轮滚过搓丝板时，搓丝板上的凸起的搓齿条会在行星轮上留下间隔均匀的齿槽，本搓齿条包括位于顶部的顶面以及位于搓齿条两侧的逆齿面和顺齿面，这三个面分别对应齿槽的槽底以及两侧槽壁。本搓齿条位于与逆齿面同侧上凸出了一部分，这一部分的侧面与逆齿面相交即为倾斜面，由于搓齿条是倾斜设置的，所以其侧面的逆齿面也是倾斜的，倾斜面的倾斜角度α小于逆齿面的倾斜角度β，这样在行星轮滚动过程中倾斜面会由于α与β的角度偏差出现偏心将原本行星轮上的齿槽的一侧槽壁压出一个弧形面的结构类似倒角，实现了不通过车削直接通过冷压在行星轮齿条上加工出倒角，这样的设计十分方便行星轮齿条上的倒角加工。而且本设计将行星轮上的齿条加工以及齿条上的倒角加工的步骤通过一次搓丝来完成加工，大大减少了加工步骤，十分方便齿条上的倒角的加工。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板，所述本体包括可拆分的主板和副板，每根搓齿条均包括半齿条一和半齿条二，所述半齿条一均位于主板上，所述半齿条二均位于副板上，所述倾斜面位于半齿条二上。
本搓丝板是由主板和副板组成的，主板和副板的顶面齐平，搓丝板的顶面一般都是通过车削来加工出搓丝条的，由于本搓丝 板的逆齿面上具有倾斜面，车削不好操作，所以通过这样主板和副板的分体将搓丝条倾斜面所在的部位直接分离开，另外单独加工副板，在副板上车削形成倾斜面，加工完成之后再将副板重新与主板重新拼装让两者上的搓齿半齿条一和半齿条二合二为一重新形成带有凸部的完整搓齿条，这样方便加工出搓丝板，而且也方便的通过本搓丝板在行星轮上搓出齿条以及齿条上的倒角。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板，所述倾斜面为半齿条二上的逆齿面，所述倾斜面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角α小于半齿条一的逆齿面与本体长边所在侧面之间的夹角β，且当主板和副板相互抵靠时所述倾斜面与半齿条二上的逆齿面相交。
倾斜面为半齿条二上的逆齿面，实际上半齿条二的宽度从靠近半齿条一一侧至另一侧逐渐增大，由于半齿条二上的顺齿面的倾斜角度不变与半齿条一上的倾斜角度相同，所以半齿条二上的逆齿面一侧会逐渐凸起形成凸部，其侧面也就是倾斜面的倾斜角度α小于半齿条一上的逆齿面的倾斜角度β，这样设计使得这样主板和副板的分体加工方式能很方便的加工出本搓丝板。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板中，所述本体的一端设有预攻牙部，所述预攻牙部上设有若干距离搓齿条越近则越密集的预搓齿条。
由于行星轮的材料刚性较大，直接搓出间隔均匀的齿条的难度较大，所以本设计通过预攻牙部的设计，在预攻牙部上设有逐渐变的密集的预搓齿条，这样能让行星轮在滚动过程中其上的齿槽宽度慢慢变宽，十分方便齿条的加工。而且预攻牙部能将齿条先一步加工出雏形，然后齿条再接触到倾倾斜面则更加容易被挤压加工出来。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板，所述本体的另一端设有延长部，所述延长部上设有若干与搓齿条的间隔相同的齿间条。
齿间条的设计能对加工出来的行星轮上的齿条进行效验，并对齿条上的毛刺飞边进行挤压修剪使得加工出来的齿条精度更高，外形更加美观。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板，所述预攻牙部和延长部的侧部均凸出于主板的侧面外且包围形成定位槽，所述副板位于定位槽内且通过螺栓与主板固定。
搓丝的过程中搓丝板的反作用是很大的，副板直接通过螺栓与主板固定的话在反作用力的作用下或长期使用后很容易发生移位使得主板上搓丝条的主体与副板上的延长段对接位置发生歪斜导致加工出来的齿条断裂或错位，所以本设计采用预攻牙部和延长部将副板包围起来，让副板受力方向所在的侧面受到预攻牙部与延长部的抵挡，有效的提高的副板的连接强度，而且这样副板的安装位置得到定位，十分方便了副板的安装。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板，所述定位槽位于延长部一侧的槽壁与主板侧面垂直且所述副板的一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上，所述定位槽位于预攻牙部一侧的槽壁为倾斜的导向面且所述副板的另一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上。
预攻牙部一侧的定位槽的槽壁不受反作用力的作用，该处的侧面为倾斜的导向面可以方便副板的安装和拆卸，在延长部处的定位槽的槽壁与主板垂直，该处的槽壁在搓丝过程中会受到副板的抵压，所以垂直的设计能有效的与副板接触给予副板支撑，防止副板移位，进一步的方便了倒角的加工。
一种使用上述行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
第一步，定位夹持：使用夹具将毛胚行星轮夹持；
第二步，调整位置：移动夹具使毛胚行星轮沿本搓丝板的宽度方向排布，本搓丝板上全部搓齿条的倾斜面所在部位形成一条 倒角工作带，移动夹具使毛胚行星轮上的预倒角位与倒角工作带对齐，所述毛胚行星轮上的预倒角位能沿所述倒角工作带滚动。
第三步，预攻丝：移动本搓丝板靠近并挤压毛胚行星轮形成毛胚齿，检查毛胚齿的齿芽高度。
第四步，攻丝：平移本搓丝板使毛胚行星轮沿本行星轮搓丝板长度方向滚动直至完全与毛胚行星轮分离，所述搓齿条在毛胚行星轮外周面上形成均匀的齿槽，所述倒角工作带上的倾斜面在每个的齿槽的其中一侧槽壁上均形成弧形的倒角面。
在本搓丝工艺中，主要是要将毛胚行星轮上的待倒角位置与倒角工作带位置对齐，使毛胚行星轮能在转动过程中滚过倒角工作带，这样倒角工作带上的倾斜面就能在待倒角位上碾压出倒角，这样设计十分方便我们对行星轮齿上的倒角加工。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺中，所述第一步中的夹具包括两个同轴线设置的顶针座，所述顶针座能通过相互靠近分别顶压在行星轮的两端部。
在上述的一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺中，第二步中的所述搓丝板具有两块且交错设置，两个搓丝板上的倒角工作带均位于同一侧且相互对齐，所述毛胚行星轮位于两块搓丝板之间，所述毛胚行星轮上的预倒角位位于两条倒角工作带之间。
与现有技术相比，本产品的优点在于：
1、本搓齿条的逆齿面上凸出了一部分即为凸部，这凸部的侧面为倾斜面，倾斜面的倾斜角度α小于逆齿面的倾斜角度β，这样在行星轮滚动过程中倾斜面会碾压在行星轮的齿牙上会压出类似倒角的结构，这样的设计十分方便行星轮齿条上的倒角加工。
2、本设计将行星轮上的齿条加工以及齿条上的倒角加工的步骤通过一次搓丝来完成加工，大大减少了加工步骤，也不需要更换机床，在保证加工精度的基础上十分方便齿条上的倒角的加工。
3、本搓丝板是由主板和副板组成的，主要由于逆齿面上具有倾斜面使得搓齿条不好加工，通过这样主板和副板的分体将搓丝条端部所在的副板分离开单独进行车削加工，加工完成之后再将搓丝条重新与主板上的搓丝板拼装起来，这样设计能很方便的通过本搓丝板在行星轮上搓出齿条以及齿条上的倒角。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明在图1的A处的局部放大图；
图3是本发明的部分剖视图；
图4是本发明的部分结构示意图；
图5是本发明的副板结构示意图；
图6是本发明的顶针座夹持行星轮的示意图；
图7是本发明的行星轮结构简图；
图8是本发明在图7的B处的局部放大图。
图中，1、本体；11、主板；12、副板；13、预攻牙部；14、延长部；15、定位槽；151、导向面；2、搓齿条；20、顶面；21、顺齿面；22、逆齿面；23、半齿条一；24、半齿条二；25、倾斜面；26、倒角工作带；3、预搓齿条；4、齿间条；5、夹具；51、顶针座；6、行星轮；61、齿芽；62、倒角面。
具体实施方式
以下是本发明的具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明的技术方案作进一步的描述，但本发明并不限于这些实施例。
如图1-图8所示的一种行星轮搓丝板，包括具有进料端和出料端的本体1，本体1上设有若干朝向进料端方向倾斜且间隔均匀的搓齿条2，搓齿条2包括顺齿面21、逆齿面22以及顶面20， 顺齿面21位于搓齿条2面对进料端一侧，逆齿面22位于搓齿条2面对出料端一侧。
本搓齿条2位于逆齿面22处的侧部上设有凸起的凸部，凸部具有倾斜的侧面称之为倾斜面25，倾斜面25与本体1长边的侧面之间具有夹角α，逆齿面22与本体1长边的侧面之间也具有夹角β，α和β均大于90度且α角小于β角。这样设计在行星轮6滚过搓丝板时，搓丝板上的凸起的搓齿条2会在行星轮6上留下间隔均匀的齿槽，逆齿面22和顺齿面21挤压成形于齿槽的两侧槽壁，这个倾斜面25则会在逆齿面22形成的这侧槽壁上压出弧形面类似倒角的结构，实现了不通过车削直接通过冷压在行星轮6齿条上加工出倒角，这样的设计十分方便行星轮6齿条上的倒角加工。而且本设计将行星轮6上的齿条加工以及齿条上的倒角加工的步骤通过一次搓丝来完成加工，大大减少了加工步骤，十分方便齿条上的倒角的加工。
本体1包括可拆分的主板11和副板12，主板11的顶面20与副板12的顶面20齐平，倾斜面25位于搓齿条2在副板12处的逆齿面22上。搓齿条2包括分体的半齿条一23和半齿条二24，半齿条一23均位于主板11的顶面20上，半齿条二24均位于副板12的顶面20上，倾斜面25为半齿条二24处的逆齿面22。主板11和副板12的顶面20齐平，搓丝板的顶面20一般都是通过车削来加工出搓丝条的，由于本搓丝板的逆齿面22上具有倾斜面25，车削不好操作，所以通过这样主板11和副板12的分体将搓丝条端部所在的副板12分离开单独进行车削加工，加工完成之后再将搓丝条重新与主板11上的搓丝板拼装起来，这样设计能很方便的通过本搓丝板在行星轮6上搓出齿条以及齿条上的倒角。倾斜面25位于搓齿条2的端部，所以直接将倾斜面25所在搓齿条2与没有倾斜面25的搓齿条2分离，分离开的两部分可以通过单 独进行车削加工，加工完成之后再进行拼装固定形成带有倾斜面25的完整的搓丝条用于搓丝，运用本搓丝板能在行星轮6上搓出带有倒角的齿条，本设计在方便加工出倒角的基础上也十分方便搓丝板的加工。
本体1的一端设有预攻牙部13，预攻牙部13上设有若干距离搓齿条2越近则越密集的预搓齿条3。本体1的另一端设有延长部14，延长部14上设有若干与搓齿条2的间隔相同的齿间条4。由于行星轮6的材料刚性较大，直接搓出间隔均匀的齿条的难度较大，所以本设计通过预攻牙部13的设计，在预攻牙部13上设有逐渐变的密集的预搓齿条3，这样能让行星轮6在滚动过程中其上的齿槽宽度慢慢变宽，十分方便齿条的加工。而且预攻牙部13能将齿条先一步加工出雏形，然后齿条再接触到倾倾斜面25则更加容易被挤压加工出来。齿间条4的设计能对加工出来的行星轮6上的齿条进行效验，并对齿条上的毛刺飞边进行挤压修剪使得加工出来的齿条精度更高，外形更加美观。
预攻牙部13和延长部14的侧部均凸出于主板11的侧面外且包围形成定位槽15，副板12位于定位槽15内且通过螺栓与主板11固定。定位槽15位于延长部14一侧的槽壁与主板11侧面垂直且副板12的一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上，定位槽15位于预攻牙部13一侧的槽壁为倾斜的导向面151且副板12的另一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上。搓丝的过程中搓丝板的反作用是很大的，副板12直接通过螺栓与主板11固定的话在反作用力的作用下或长期使用后很容易发生移位使得主板11上搓丝条的半齿条一23与副板12上的半齿条二24对接位置发生歪斜导致加工出来的齿条断裂或错位，所以本设计采用预攻牙部13和延长部14将副板12包围起来，让副板12受力方向所在的侧面受到预攻牙部13与延长部14的抵挡，有效的提高的副板12的连接强度，而且这样副 板12的安装位置得到定位，十分方便了副板12的安装。预攻牙部13一侧的定位槽15的槽壁不受反作用力的作用，该处的侧面为倾斜的导向面151可以方便副板12的安装和拆卸，在延长部14处的定位槽15的槽壁与主板11垂直，该处的槽壁在搓丝过程中会受到副板12的抵压，所以垂直的设计能有效的与副板12接触给予副板12支撑，防止副板12移位，进一步的方便了倒角的加工。
使用上述的搓丝板对行星轮6进行搓丝挤压加工的具体过程包括以下步骤：第一步，使用夹具5将毛胚行星轮6夹持，夹具5包括两个同轴线设置的顶针座51，顶针座51能通过相互靠近分别顶压在行星轮6的两端部。第二步，使用两块交错设置且相互平行的搓丝板对行星轮6进行搓丝，搓丝板上均固定有能四向运动的托板，搓丝板由托板带动进行移动调整与行星轮6之间的位置，顶针座51托板能带动两块搓丝板调整位置。移动两个搓丝板使其上的进料端分别抵在行星轮6的两侧。第三步，检查行星轮6的位置使其上需要倒角的位置与搓丝板上的倒角工作带28对应，倒角工作带28为副板12上的全部半齿条二24组成的倒角区域。第四步，两个搓丝板相互靠近在行星轮6上同步压出齿芽，并检查齿芽的位置以及高度。第五步，两个搓丝板相向移动直至与行星轮6脱离，即行星轮6加工完成，搓齿条2在毛胚行星轮6外周面上形成均匀的齿槽61，倒角工作带28上的倾斜面25在每个的齿槽62的其中一侧槽壁上均形成弧形的倒角面62。本搓丝工艺采用两块交错设置的搓丝板来完成，两块搓丝板上的搓齿条2相对朝向，两块搓丝板分别位于行星轮6的两侧并通过相互靠近将行星轮6夹持住，然后需要将行星轮6上需要倒角的位置与搓齿条2上倾斜面25所在的端部对齐，两个搓丝板相向运动即可加工完成带有倒角的齿条，这样的加工方法只需要用到两块搓 丝板即可完成，而且操作简单，十分方便在齿条上加工出倒角。
本文中所描述的具体实施例仅仅是对本发明精神作举例说明。本发明所属技术领域的技术人员可以对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，但并不会偏离本发明的精神或者超越所附权利要求书所定义的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种行星轮搓丝板，包括本体(1)，所述本体(1)上设有若干倾斜设置且间隔均匀的搓齿条(2)，所述搓齿条(2)具有顶面(20)、顺齿面(21)和逆齿面(22)，其特征在于，所述搓齿条(2)上位于逆齿面(22)一侧设有与逆齿面(22)相交的倾斜面(25)，所述倾斜面(25)与逆齿面(22)的倾斜方向相同且倾斜面(25)与本体(1)长边所在侧面之间的夹角α小于逆齿面(22)与本体(1)长边所在侧面之间的夹角β。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述本体(1)包括可拆分的主板(11)和副板(12)，每根搓齿条(2)均包括半齿条一(23)和半齿条二(24)，所述半齿条一(23)均位于主板(11)上，所述半齿条二(24)均位于副板(12)上，所述倾斜面(25)位于半齿条二(24)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述倾斜面(25)为半齿条二(24)上的逆齿面(22)，所述倾斜面(25)与本体(1)长边所在侧面之间的夹角α小于半齿条一(23)的逆齿面(22)与本体(1)长边所在侧面之间的夹角β，且当主板(11)和副板(12)相互抵靠时所述倾斜面(25)与半齿条二(24)上的逆齿面(22)相交。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述主板(11)的一端设有预攻牙部(13)，所述预攻牙部(13)上设有若干距离搓齿条(2)越近则越密集的预搓齿条(3)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述主板(11)的另一端设有延长部(14)，所述延长部(14)上设有若干与搓齿条(2)的间隔相同的齿间条(4)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述预攻牙部(13)和延长部(14)的侧部均凸出于主板(11)长边所在的侧面外且与主板(11)的侧面包围形成定位槽(15)，所述副板(12)卡设在定位槽(15)内。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种行星轮搓丝板，其特征在于，所述定位槽(15)位于延长部(14)一侧的槽壁与主板(11)侧面垂直且所述副板(12)的一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上，所述定位槽(15)位于预攻牙部(13)的一侧的槽壁为倾斜的导向面(151)且所述副板(12)的另一侧面抵靠在该处的槽壁上，所述副板(12)通过螺栓与主板(11)固定。
  8. 一种使用权利要求1-7任意一项所述的一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    第一步，定位夹持：使用夹具(5)将毛胚行星轮(6)夹持；
    第二步，调整位置：移动夹具(5)使毛胚行星轮(6)沿本搓丝板的宽度方向排布，本搓丝板上全部搓齿条(2)的倾斜面(25)所在部位形成一条倒角工作带(26)，移动夹具(5)使毛胚行星轮(6)上的预倒角位与倒角工作带(26)对齐，所述毛胚行星轮(6)上的预倒角位能沿所述倒角工作带(26)滚动；
    第三步，预攻丝：移动本搓丝板靠近并挤压毛胚行星轮(6)形成毛胚齿，检查毛胚齿的齿芽高度；
    第四步，攻丝：平移本搓丝板使毛胚行星(6)轮沿本行星轮搓丝板长度方向滚动直至完全与毛胚行星轮(6)分离，所述搓齿条(2)在毛胚行星轮(6)外周面上形成均匀的齿槽(61)，所述倒角工作带(28)上的倾斜面(25)在每个的齿槽(62)的其中一侧槽壁上均形成弧形的倒角面(62)。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺，其特征在于，第一步中的所述夹具(5)包括两个同轴线设置的顶针座(51)，所述顶针座(51)能通过相互靠近分别顶压在毛胚行星轮(6)的两端部。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的一种行星轮搓丝板的搓丝工艺，其特征在于，第二步中的所述搓丝板具有两块且交错设置，两个搓丝板上的倒角工作带(26)均位于同一侧且相互对齐，所 述毛胚行星轮(6)位于两块搓丝板之间，所述毛胚行星轮(6)上的预倒角位位于两条倒角工作带(26)之间。
PCT/CN2022/094419 2021-11-25 2022-05-23 一种行星轮搓丝板及其搓丝工艺 WO2023092968A1 (zh)

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