WO2023090545A1 - Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'une pale d'éolienne - Google Patents

Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'une pale d'éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023090545A1
WO2023090545A1 PCT/KR2022/004643 KR2022004643W WO2023090545A1 WO 2023090545 A1 WO2023090545 A1 WO 2023090545A1 KR 2022004643 W KR2022004643 W KR 2022004643W WO 2023090545 A1 WO2023090545 A1 WO 2023090545A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sensing line
blade
line network
damage
detection unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/KR2022/004643
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
김현실
김봉기
김상렬
이성현
서윤호
마평식
우정한
김동준
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한국기계연구원
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Application filed by 한국기계연구원 filed Critical 한국기계연구원
Publication of WO2023090545A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023090545A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
    • G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
    • G01D5/16—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage by varying resistance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for monitoring blades of a wind turbine, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for monitoring damage to blades of a wind turbine in real time.
  • a wind turbine refers to a device that generates electricity through a generator connected to a rotating shaft as blades receiving wind rotate.
  • Wind turbines are configured to continuously receive wind whose wind speed and direction change from time to time, and it is obvious that failure of the wind turbine occurs due to factors such as vibration, shock, and load deflection caused by the wind.
  • the wind speed and wind direction values are predictable to some extent from a macroscopic point of view, they are values that change very randomly from a microscopic point of view, and have a change pattern that is almost impossible to predict or find a pattern for. Therefore, it is not easy to properly monitor and diagnose failures occurring in wind turbines.
  • a machine learning model is built by using defect data of wind power generators accumulated for a long time, and through training
  • a method for diagnosing a wind turbine that performs fault diagnosis of a wind turbine while upgrading a fault recognition pattern by itself. More specifically, in Prior Document 1, vibration, temperature, voltage, current, number of revolutions, noise and wind speed, wind direction, etc. input to the wind generator measured from a plurality of sensors independently installed according to the parts and positions of the wind turbine are used. It has the effect of allowing the user to examine the state of the wind power generator in more detail and closely by deriving detailed diagnosis results, such as occurrence of abnormalities, abnormal parts, abnormal locations, and abnormal types.
  • the part that directly receives the wind in the wind turbine is the blade.
  • Wind turbine blades are made quite large in order to receive as much wind as possible.
  • the interior is made in the form of an empty structure to reduce the weight as much as possible so that it can respond sensitively to small air volumes.
  • foreign substances such as stones are mixed in the wind flowing into the blade, so that the blade is impacted, or the bird sometimes bumps into it.
  • due to the characteristics of blades made of a composite (glass or carbon fiber) laminated structure unexpected defects may occur in the manufacturing process, which may lead to fatal accidents such as blade breakage. That is, as described above, the blade may be greatly damaged by colliding with an object having a significant impact or by growing a fine defect.
  • Prior Document 2 System and method for safety management of wind turbine blades using safety inspection criteria and defect data by classification
  • images of wind turbine blades to be inspected using drones is acquired, and damage is inspected and detected using this image.
  • the occurrence of damage itself has no choice but to be detected by indirect means (abnormal vibration, abnormal sound, visual inspection using a telescope, etc.), and after the abnormality is detected, the drone is launched to acquire the image Since the process of determining the degree of damage is carried out, it is unavoidable that considerable delay time occurs.
  • power generation loss may occur due to the stop of the wind power generator during that period, and if damage occurs during the time between drone flight cycles, the damage may not be discovered until the next cycle.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object of the present invention is to monitor blades of a wind turbine capable of immediately detecting damage occurring to the blades of the wind turbine, particularly serious damage, in real time. It is to provide an apparatus and method.
  • a blade monitoring device for achieving the above object is a blade monitoring device provided on a blade of a wind turbine to detect damage, extending along the blade and sensing provided on the blade. line network; and a disconnection detection unit that is connected to the sensing line network and detects whether or not the sensing line network is disconnected.
  • the sensing line network may be formed of wires, and the disconnection detection unit may measure resistance of the sensing line network.
  • the disconnection detection unit detects whether or not the sensing line network is disconnected by using a change in total resistance of the sensing line network.
  • the sensing line network is formed of an FBG optical fiber sensor, and the disconnection detection unit may measure an optical signal of the sensing line network.
  • the disconnection detection unit detects whether or not the sensing line network is disconnected by using a change in the optical signal response of the sensing line network. can do.
  • the sensing line network may include at least one main sensing line provided in the blade and sequentially extending along the leading edge-end edge- trailing edge of the blade.
  • the sensing line network extends sequentially along a path selected from among front-end-rear, front-leading-rear, front-rearing-rear, and at least one sub provided in the blade.
  • a sensing line may be included.
  • the sensing line network may include at least one additional sensing line provided in the blade and sequentially extending along a leading edge - front side - trailing edge - rear side of the blade.
  • the sensing line network may be provided on an inner surface of the blade or embedded inside the blade.
  • the sensing line network may extend beyond a hub end facing the end end of the blade and be connected to the disconnection detection unit.
  • the disconnection detection unit may be connected to a diagnosis system to deliver in real time whether or not disconnection of the sensing line network is detected.
  • the above in order to detect whether or not the sensing line network formed of wires or FBG optical fiber sensors is disconnected, the above a constant measurement step of measuring resistance or an optical signal of the sensing line network at a predetermined cycle by a disconnection detection unit; a damage generation step of changing a total resistance or an optical signal response of the sensing line network beyond a predetermined standard as damage occurs to the blade and the sensing line network at the damaged location is damaged; and a damage detection step in which the disconnection detection unit detects whether or not the sensing line network is disconnected by using a change in total resistance or an optical signal response of the sensing line network.
  • the disconnection detection unit transmits in real time whether or not the disconnection of the sensing line network is detected to a diagnosis system, thereby announcing damage to the blade in the diagnosis system; further comprising a damage announcement step. can do.
  • the present invention there is an effect that can be immediately detected in real time when damage to the wind turbine blades, in particular, serious damage such as broken or end loss occurs. More specifically, in the prior art, when damage occurs to the blade, it is detected that the damage has occurred to the blade due to a change in a signal such as vibration or sound, which has been continuously measured for monitoring. That is, in the prior art, blade damage detection was performed indirectly. However, in the present invention, the sensing line network circuit is formed over the entire blade, and when damage occurs to the blade, the entire resistance or optical signal response is immediately changed as the sensing line network at the damaged location is also damaged, from which damage detection is directly performed. and can be made immediately.
  • the present invention there is an effect of realizing real-time monitoring of the blade directly and immediately without introducing a complicated device configuration or control method.
  • the monitoring device of the present invention since the monitoring device of the present invention is not very complicated, it has high compatibility so that it is very easy to additionally connect to other systems. Therefore, by connecting the monitoring device of the present invention to the wind turbine diagnosis system for monitoring and diagnosing the overall condition of the wind turbine as described above, the system can be easily configured and the user convenience of the wind turbine monitoring mission can be greatly improved. It works.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a wind turbine blade
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A' of Figure 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view A-A' of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view A-A' of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A' of FIG. 7;
  • 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views illustrating an installation example of a sensing line network.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a wind turbine blade
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' of FIG. 1 .
  • the blades of the wind turbine are made in a fairly large size in order to receive as much wind as possible, while in the form of an empty structure as shown in FIG. is made of
  • a composite material such as a carbon fiber composite material is often applied as a material of the blade in terms of material.
  • the blade 500 is made in a similar shape to an aircraft wing, and generally refers to the front end of the blade 500 as a leading edge (leading edge, 510) and the rear end as a trailing edge (trailing edge, 520).
  • the end portion of the blade 500 in the extending direction is referred to as an end portion 530, and an end portion facing the end portion 530 and connected to a hub (not shown) is referred to as a hub end 540.
  • the width of the blade 500 tends to increase from the end 530 to the hub end 540.
  • a surface disposed at the front of the blade 500 is referred to as a front surface 550 and a surface disposed at the rear is referred to as a rear surface 560 .
  • the blade monitoring device 100 of the present invention is a blade monitoring device 100 provided on the blade 500 of the wind turbine to detect damage, extending along the blade 500 and It includes a sensing line network 140 and a disconnection detection unit 150 connected to the sensing line network 140 and detecting whether or not the sensing line network 140 is disconnected.
  • the sensing line network 140 may be formed of wires, and the disconnection detection unit 150 may measure resistance of the sensing line network 140 .
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 can detect whether the sensing line network 140 is disconnected by using the change in the total resistance of the sensing line network 140 .
  • the sensing line network 140 may be formed of an FBG optical fiber sensor, and the disconnection detection unit 150 may measure an optical signal of the sensing line network 140 .
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 can detect whether or not the sensing line network 140 is disconnected by using a change in the optical signal response of the sensing line network 140 .
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA' of FIG.
  • the main sensing line 110 sequentially extends along the leading edge 510 - the end 530 - the trailing edge 520 of the blade 500 . Since the parts of the blade where damage occurs substantially are the leading edge 510, the trailing edge 520, and the tip 530, the main sensing line 110 is formed to pass through all of these parts with a high possibility of occurrence of damage.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 are perspective views showing another embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view AA 'of FIG. Since the main sensing line 110 is the same as described above, only the sub sensing line 120 will be described.
  • the sub-sensing line 120 is the front side 550 - the end 530 - the back side 560 of the blade 500, the front side 550 - the leading edge 510 - the rear side 560, the front side 550 - the trailing edge ( 520) - It is sequentially extended along a selected path among the rear surfaces 560.
  • 5 shows an embodiment in which the sub-sensing line 120 extends along the front surface 550 - the end 530 - the rear surface 560 of the blade 500 .
  • one sub-sensing line 120 is shown in FIG. 5 , it goes without saying that the number of sub-sensing lines 120 may be increased to more densely surround the surface of the blade 500 .
  • the width of the blade 500 at the end 530 is narrower than the width of the blade 500 at the hub end 540, it may be difficult to place the sub-sensing line 120 past the end 530. , In this case, it may be appropriately arranged to pass the leading edge 510 or the trailing edge 520.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 an embodiment in which the sensing line network 140 further includes the additional sensing line 130 in addition to the main sensing line 110 and the sub sensing line 120 will be described.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the blade monitoring device of the present invention
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view AA 'of FIG. Since the main sensing line 110 and the sub sensing line 120 are the same as those described above, only the additional sensing line 130 will be described.
  • the additional sensing line 130 is disposed to cross the main sensing line 110 or the sub sensing line 120 . That is, as shown in FIG. 7 , the additional sensing line 130 sequentially extends along the leading edge 510 - the front side 550 - the trailing edge 520 - the rear side 560 of the blade 500 . In this way, when all of the main sensing line 110, the sub sensing line 120, and the additional sensing line 130 are provided, damage detection on the entire surface of the blade 500 can be performed much more smoothly.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 are cross-sectional views illustrating an installation example of a sensing line network.
  • 9 shows an embodiment in which the sensing line network 140 is provided on the inner surface of the blade 500.
  • 9 shows a case where the sub-sensing line 120 is provided in close contact with the inner surface of the front surface 550 of the blade.
  • FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which the sensing line network 140 is embedded inside the blade 500.
  • the blade 500 is often made of a composite material, and the composite material is usually made by laminating a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic material on a structure in which fibers such as carbon fibers are arranged or woven. During this lamination process, the sensing line network 140 may be arranged like fibers included in the composite material.
  • 10 shows a case where the sub-sensing line 120 is embedded inside the front surface 550 of the blade.
  • the sensing line network 140 may be connected to the disconnection detection unit 150 by extending beyond the hub end 540 facing the end 530 of the blade.
  • the sensing line network 140 further includes the sub sensing line 120 in addition to the main sensing line 110, the main sensing line 110 and the sub sensing line 120 ) may extend beyond the hub end 540 of each blade.
  • the additional sensing line 130 may also extend beyond the hub end 540 of the blade and be connected to the disconnection detection unit 150, of course.
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 may be directly disposed on the hub to which the blade 500 is connected.
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 is appropriately provided inside the wind turbine and electrically connected through a hub. At this time, since the hub receives wind and rotates in a random direction, when connecting with a general wire, there is a risk of damage due to twisting of the wire. desirable. Since these wireless power connection means are disclosed in various configurations in general rotating electric devices, it is okay to appropriately apply among known configurations.
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 is connected to the external diagnosis system 160 and can transmit whether or not the disconnection of the sensing line network 140 is detected in real time. That is, when the disconnection detection unit 150 detects a change in the total resistance or the optical signal response of the sensing line network 140 beyond a predetermined standard, it may transmit the change to the diagnosis system 160 in real time. Of course, since an alarm device is provided directly in the disconnection detection unit 150, an alarm signal may be immediately generated when the total resistance or the optical signal response of the sensing line network 140 changes beyond a predetermined standard. However, since most wind turbines are installed in a remote location, it is not at all an environment where manpower to manage the wind turbine itself is always working.
  • the blade monitoring method of the present invention includes a regular measurement step, a damage occurrence step, and a damage detection step.
  • a damage announcement step may be further included.
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 measures the resistance or optical signal of the sensing line network 140 at a predetermined cycle in order to detect whether or not the sensing line network 140 formed by the wire or the FBG fiber optic sensor is disconnected. do.
  • the predetermined period is a daily level, and may be, for example, about 1 Hz.
  • the total resistance or optical signal response of the sensing line network 140 changes beyond a predetermined standard.
  • a predetermined standard for example, when the sensing line network 140 is composed of electric wires, an equivalent resistance may be calculated by analyzing a general resistance network, and a value may be determined based thereon. As another example, empirical determination is possible, such as 90% of the original total resistance value. Even when the sensing line network 140 is composed of FBG fiber optic sensors, an appropriate standard may be determined and applied by comparing the normal optical signal response in a similar manner to the configuration of the electric wire.
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 detects the disconnection of the sensing line network 140 using the change in the total resistance or the optical signal response of the sensing line network 140, thereby preventing damage to the blade 500. It is detected. Substantially, it can be seen that the operation itself performed by the disconnection detection unit 150 to detect disconnection of the sensing line network 140 in the regular measurement step and the damage detection step is the same.
  • the sensing operation is continuously performed in a state in which no damage occurs, and the damage sensing step may be divided into that the sensing operation is performed after damage to the blade 500 occurs. At this time, as described above, if the measurement cycle of the continuous measurement step is, for example, about 1 Hz, damage to the blade 500 can be detected within a maximum of 1 second after damage occurs, enabling substantially immediate damage detection. will do
  • the disconnection detection unit 150 informs the diagnosis system 160 whether or not the sensing line network 140 is disconnected in real time, so that the diagnosis system 160 announces the damage to the blade 500. do. That is, the fact that the blade 500 is damaged becomes known to the remote manager.
  • a remote administrator can also directly (not through an indirect vibration signal change, etc.) Through the change of the optical signal response, it is possible to immediately know the occurrence of damage in real time.
  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and method for monitoring blades of a wind turbine, and more particularly, to an apparatus and method for monitoring damage to blades of a wind turbine in real time.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif et un procédé de surveillance d'une pale d'éolienne. L'objectif de la présente invention est de fournir un dispositif et un procédé de surveillance d'une pale d'éolienne, ce qui permet de détecter immédiatement des dommages, en particulier des dommages critiques, se produisant dans une pale d'éolienne en temps réel.
PCT/KR2022/004643 2021-11-22 2022-03-31 Dispositif et procédé de surveillance d'une pale d'éolienne WO2023090545A1 (fr)

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KR10-2021-0161151 2021-11-22
KR1020210161151A KR102422918B1 (ko) 2021-11-22 2021-11-22 풍력발전기의 블레이드 감시장치 및 방법

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08261135A (ja) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 破壊予知可能型ｇｆｒｐ製風車翼
US20070098551A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 Viertl John Ruediger M Wind turbine systems, monitoring systems and processes for monitoring stress in a wind turbine blade
KR20090083429A (ko) * 2002-12-18 2009-08-03 알로이즈 워벤 풍력 발전설비의 로터 블레이드
KR20150076500A (ko) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-07 두산중공업 주식회사 풍력 발전 단지, 풍력 발전 단지의 제어방법 및 풍력 발전 유닛
JP2019183806A (ja) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 株式会社日立製作所 風車ブレード及び風力発電システム

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102166654B1 (ko) 2018-09-17 2020-10-19 윈디텍 주식회사 안전점검 기준표와 분류별 결함 데이터를 활용한 풍력 발전기 블레이드 안전 관리 시스템 및 방법
KR102097595B1 (ko) 2019-05-29 2020-05-26 한국기계연구원 풍력발전기 진단방법

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08261135A (ja) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-08 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 破壊予知可能型ｇｆｒｐ製風車翼
KR20090083429A (ko) * 2002-12-18 2009-08-03 알로이즈 워벤 풍력 발전설비의 로터 블레이드
US20070098551A1 (en) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-03 Viertl John Ruediger M Wind turbine systems, monitoring systems and processes for monitoring stress in a wind turbine blade
KR20150076500A (ko) * 2013-12-27 2015-07-07 두산중공업 주식회사 풍력 발전 단지, 풍력 발전 단지의 제어방법 및 풍력 발전 유닛
JP2019183806A (ja) * 2018-04-17 2019-10-24 株式会社日立製作所 風車ブレード及び風力発電システム

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