WO2023088129A1 - 一种动力电池防护装置及防护方法 - Google Patents

一种动力电池防护装置及防护方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023088129A1
WO2023088129A1 PCT/CN2022/130541 CN2022130541W WO2023088129A1 WO 2023088129 A1 WO2023088129 A1 WO 2023088129A1 CN 2022130541 W CN2022130541 W CN 2022130541W WO 2023088129 A1 WO2023088129 A1 WO 2023088129A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
fire extinguishing
cooling plate
flow pump
temperature
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PCT/CN2022/130541
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
于子冬
李晨阳
胡翀
戴加祺
孙文
陈代芬
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江苏科技大学
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Publication of WO2023088129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023088129A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C31/00—Delivery of fire-extinguishing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/63—Control systems
    • H01M10/637—Control systems characterised by the use of reversible temperature-sensitive devices, e.g. NTC, PTC or bimetal devices; characterised by control of the internal current flowing through the cells, e.g. by switching
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561—Gases
    • H01M10/6563—Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of power battery protection, in particular to a power battery protection device and a protection method.
  • the current power source of electric vehicles is a lithium battery
  • the chemical properties of lithium are active. When lithium metal is exposed to the air, it will undergo a violent oxidation reaction with oxygen, resulting in combustion and explosion.
  • the charging voltage of the lithium battery is higher than the rated voltage (generally 4.2V)
  • the rated voltage generally 4.2V
  • these lithium ions will accumulate on the surface of the negative electrode material. Due to the polarization, these lithium ions will form electron transfer, form lithium metal, and grow dendrites from the surface of the negative electrode toward the direction of lithium ions.
  • these lithium metals without electrode protection are extremely active, and are prone to oxidation reactions and explosions.
  • the formed metal lithium crystals will break through the separator and short-circuit the positive and negative electrodes, which will cause a short circuit and generate high temperature.
  • electrolyte and other materials will crack to produce gas, causing the battery case or pressure valve to bulge and rupture, allowing oxygen to enter and react with lithium atoms accumulated on the surface of the negative electrode, resulting in an explosion.
  • the spontaneous combustion of new energy vehicles basically covers all aspects of the parking, charging state, and driving process, which means that the battery has the risk of spontaneous combustion in various states. From the perspective of spontaneous combustion models, it covers cars, trucks, minibuses, etc., indicating that all types of vehicles currently have the risk of spontaneous combustion. From the perspective of spontaneous combustion, once a new energy vehicle spontaneously ignites, it will quickly burn the vehicle in a short period of time, posing a great threat to the safety of personnel and vehicles.
  • new energy vehicle OEMs such as BYD have adopted temperature-controlled cooling to prevent battery accidents, but have not considered the protection of other components and personnel of the vehicle due to battery accidents. The focus of the present invention is to devote itself to issues such as cooling of the vehicle-mounted power battery and protection against extreme conditions, so as to ensure the safety of personnel's life and property.
  • the invention provides a power battery protection device and a protection method to solve the problems of simple protection structure and low protection efficiency in the prior art.
  • the invention provides a protection device for a power battery, comprising: a main casing, a fire extinguishing board, a first fireproof net, a battery cooling plate assembly, and a temperature control assembly;
  • the battery cooling plate assembly, the fire extinguishing plate, the first fireproof net, and the temperature control assembly are all arranged in the main casing; the first fireproof net is surrounded by a circle between the battery cooling plate assembly and the inner wall of the main casing. net; the fire extinguishing plate is set above the battery cooling plate assembly; the fire extinguishing plate is provided with several electronically controlled air outlets, air inlets, and air outlets;
  • the battery cooling plate includes: a battery cell and a cooling plate; several battery cells are arranged in an array on the cooling plate; a battery is placed in the battery cell; the cooling plate is provided with Liquid inlet, liquid outlet.
  • the temperature control assembly includes: a controller, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor, a gas flow pump, a coolant flow pump, a fire extinguishing agent flow pump, a micro condenser, a coolant storage, a gas storage, and a fire extinguishing agent storage; the controllers are respectively It is connected with temperature sensor, smoke sensor, gas flow pump, coolant flow pump, fire extinguishing agent flow pump, micro condenser, and electric control valve wire of the electric control air outlet on the fire extinguishing board; the liquid inlet and outlet of the cooling plate
  • the liquid port communicates with the coolant flow pump, micro condenser, and coolant storage through pipelines to form a circulation circuit of coolant;
  • the air inlet and outlet of the fire extinguishing board communicate with the gas flow pump and fire extinguishing agent flow through pipelines
  • the pump, the gas storage and the fire extinguishing agent storage are connected to form a circulation circuit of gas and a circulation circuit of fire
  • the battery unit cell includes: a casing, a second fireproof net, and a battery box; the battery box is arranged in the casing, and the battery is assembled inside; there is a wall between the battery box and the casing Circle the second fire screen.
  • first fireproof net and the second fireproof net are both honeycomb mesh fireproof nets, and the surface material is intumescent fireproof paint.
  • the main casing is an air-cooled casing.
  • coolant is engine oil.
  • the present invention also provides a protection method for a power battery protection device, including:
  • the controller When the internal temperature of the main shell obtained by the temperature sensor is lower than the battery operating temperature, the controller does not start the micro condenser, and dissipates heat through the self-circulation of the coolant;
  • the controller starts the micro-condenser to assist the cooling liquid to circulate and dissipate heat through the micro-condenser;
  • the controller When the internal temperature of the main casing obtained by the temperature sensor is higher than the battery operating temperature and the duration is longer than the preset duration, the controller also controls the gas flow pump to spray gas into the main casing through the fire extinguishing plate;
  • the controller controls the gas flow pump and the fire extinguishing agent flow pump to spray gas and fire extinguishing agent into the main casing through the fire extinguishing plate.
  • the method in which the cooling cycle, gas cycle and fire extinguishing cycle are formed in the present invention can recycle limited materials.
  • a variety of prevention and control measures are carried out according to the actual situation to ensure the use of the power battery. Safety.
  • the fireproof nets of the present invention all adopt intumescent fireproof paint, which decomposes incombustible inert gas under the condition of being heated, and dilutes the flammable gas decomposed by the heated object to make it difficult to burn or slow down the burning speed, and Form a carbon foam insulation layer to seal the protected object, delay the transfer of heat to the substrate, and prevent the object from igniting or burning or losing strength due to temperature rise.
  • the cooling plate of the present invention adopts a metal material with better thermal conductivity and a higher melting point.
  • the heat of the battery pack can be diffused to the entire cooling plate to cool the entire battery, and when the battery catches fire, Guarantee the normal operation of the cooling loop at high temperature.
  • the main casing of the present invention is an air-cooled casing, so that a unidirectional air duct is formed inside the casing to ensure heat dissipation.
  • the present invention stores batteries in the form of battery cells, which can close the connection with other power batteries when a single power battery has an accident, which not only ensures the normal operation of the power battery pack when a single power battery has an accident, but also reduces the power of other power batteries. probability of accident.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature control component of a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic exploded view of a main body of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded schematic diagram of a battery unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a power battery protection device, including: a battery box 1, a main casing 33, a protective case cover 24, a fire extinguishing board 25, a first fireproof net 27, a battery cooling plate assembly, and a temperature control assembly;
  • the battery cooling plate assembly, the fire extinguishing plate 25, the first fireproof net 27, and the temperature control assembly are all arranged in the main casing 33; the battery cooling plate assembly and the inner wall of the main casing 33 are surrounded by a circle of the first fireproof net 27; the fire extinguishing plate 25 is set above the battery cooling plate assembly; the fire extinguishing plate 25 is provided with a pipeline 26 and several electronically controlled air injection ports, air inlets, and air outlets;
  • the battery cooling plate includes: a battery cell and a cooling plate 41; several battery cells are arranged in an array on the cooling plate 41; a battery 28 is placed in the battery cell; the cooling plate is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet .
  • the temperature control components include: controller 4, temperature sensor 3, smoke sensor 2, gas flow pump 11, coolant flow pump 15, fire extinguishing agent flow pump 14, micro condenser 18, coolant storage 20, gas storage 21, fire extinguishing agent Memory 22; controller 4 is respectively connected with temperature sensor 3, smoke sensor 2, gas flow pump 11, cooling liquid flow pump 15, fire extinguishing agent flow pump 14, miniature condenser 18, electric control of the electronically controlled gas injection port on the fire extinguishing plate 25 Valve 5, electric control valve 6, electric control valve 7, and electric control valve 8 are connected by wires; the liquid inlet and outlet of the cooling plate are connected to the coolant flow pump 15, electromagnetic valve 16, adjustable flow valve 17, The micro condenser 18 and the cooling liquid storage 20 are connected to form a circulation circuit of the cooling liquid; the air inlet and the air outlet of the fire extinguishing plate 25 are connected with the signal valve 9, the signal valve 10, the gas flow pump 11, the gas flow pump 12, the electromagnetic The valve 13, the fire extinguishing agent flow pump 14, the gas storage 21, the fire extinguishing agent storage
  • the battery cell includes: a holding plate 30, a protective shell cover 34, a housing 39, a second fireproof net 38, and a battery box 36; the battery box 36 is arranged in the housing 39, and the inside is for assembling a plurality of power battery units 35; There is a second fireproof net 38 around the box 36 and the housing 39, and the pipeline 26 communicates with the pipeline opening 31, and the pipeline 29 communicates with the pipeline opening 32; the circuit channel 40 that can automatically open and close is connected with the opening 37 and is Other power batteries form the power circuit of the power battery pack.
  • the first fireproof net 27 and the second fireproof net 38 are all honeycomb mesh fireproof nets, the surface material is an intumescent fireproof coating, the main housing 33 is an air-cooled housing, and the cooling liquid is machine oil.
  • the present invention also provides a protection method for a power battery protection device, including:
  • the controller When the internal temperature of the main housing 33 obtained by the temperature sensor 3 is lower than the battery operating temperature, the controller does not start the miniature condenser 18, and dissipates heat through the self-circulation of the cooling liquid;
  • the controller starts the micro condenser 18, and the micro condenser 18 assists the cooling liquid to circulate and dissipate heat;
  • the controller 4 When the internal temperature of the main housing obtained by the temperature sensor 3 is higher than the battery operating temperature, and the duration is longer than the preset duration, the controller 4 also controls the gas flow pump 11 and the gas flow pump 12 to spray gas into the main casing through the fire extinguishing plate 25.
  • the controller 4 also controls the gas flow pump 11 and the gas flow pump 12 to spray gas into the main casing through the fire extinguishing plate 25.
  • the controller 4 controls the gas flow pump 11, the gas flow pump 12, and the fire extinguishing agent flow pump 14 to transfer gas, fire The agent is sprayed into the main housing 33 through the fire extinguishing plate 25.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种动力电池防护装置，包括：主壳体、灭火板、第一防火网、电池冷却板组件、温控组件；电池冷却板组件、灭火板、第一防火网、温控组件均设置在主壳体内；电池冷却板组件与主壳体内壁之间围有一圈第一防火网；灭火板设置在电池冷却板组件上方；灭火板上设有数个电控喷气口、进气口、出气口；电池冷却板包括：电池单元格、冷却板；数个电池单元格以阵列的方式排布在冷却板上；电池单元格内放置电池；冷却板上设有进液口、出液口。本发明将降温循环、气体循环和灭火循环构成回路的方式，可以对有限的材料进行循环利用，当主壳体内环境情况不同时，根据实际情况进行多种防控措施，确保动力电池使用安全。

Description

一种动力电池防护装置及防护方法 技术领域
本发明涉及动力电池防护技术领域，具体涉及一种动力电池防护装置及防护方法。
背景技术
汽车工业的发展虽然极大的为人类出行带来便利，同时也不可避免的引起了资源消耗和环境污染的问题。为了应对目前能源危机，新能源汽车和替代燃料的开发和应用成为了汽车行业发展的必由之路。
汽车在给人们带来便利的同时也污染了环境。汽车尾气的排放引起了城市的温室效应，同时也引起了臭氧层的破坏，形成酸雨等大气环境问题，进而对动植物也产生了很大的危害。面对汽车造成的空气污染，人们可以直接闻到汽车尾气排放的带有刺鼻臭味的燃烧不完全的雾化混合气。随着生活水平的提高，人类对生存环境的要求越来越高，降低汽车的尾气排放的呼声也与日俱增。面对资源紧缺与环境保护问题，发展电动汽车成为汽车工业发展的主流趋势。
由于现在的电动汽车动力源为锂电池，然而锂的化学特性活泼。锂金属暴露在空气中，会与氧气产生激烈的氧化反应，从而产生燃烧、爆炸。而且锂电池充电电压在高于额定电压(一般是4.2V)后，如果继续充电，由于负极的储存格已经装满了锂原子，后续的锂离子会堆积于负极材料表面。这些锂离子由于极化作用，会形成电子转移，形成金属锂，并由负极表面往锂离子来的方向长出树枝状结晶。这些没有电极防护的金属锂一方面极为活泼，容易发生氧化反应而发生爆炸。另一方面，形成的金属锂结晶会穿破隔膜，使正负极短路，从而引发短路，产生高温。在高温下，电解液等材料会裂解产生气体，使得电池外壳或压力阀鼓涨破裂，让氧气进入，并与堆积在负极表面的锂原子反应，进而发生爆炸。
从自燃时车辆状态看，新能源汽车自燃基本覆盖了在停车、充电状态、行 驶过程的各个环节，意味着电池在各种状态下均存在自燃风险。从自燃车型看，覆盖了轿车、货车、中巴车等，说明目前各类车型均有自燃风险。从自燃程度看，新能源汽车一旦自燃，将在短时间内迅速烧毁车辆，对人员、车辆的安全威胁极大。截至目前，新能源汽车主机厂如比亚迪均采用温控冷却防止电池出事，却未考虑到电池出事对车辆其它元件和人员的保护。本发明的重点就是致力于车载动力电池降温和极限情况防护等问题，来保障人员的生命和财产安全。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种动力电池防护装置及防护方法，以解决现有技术中防护结构简单，防护效率低的问题。
本发明提供了一种动力电池防护装置，包括：主壳体、灭火板、第一防火网、电池冷却板组件、温控组件；
所述电池冷却板组件、灭火板、第一防火网、温控组件均设置在所述主壳体内；所述电池冷却板组件与所述主壳体内壁之间围有一圈所述第一防火网；所述灭火板设置在所述电池冷却板组件上方；所述灭火板上设有数个电控喷气口、进气口、出气口；
所述电池冷却板包括：电池单元格、冷却板；数个所述电池单元格以阵列的方式排布在所述冷却板上；所述电池单元格内放置电池；所述冷却板上设有进液口、出液口。
所述温控组件包括：控制器、温度传感器、烟雾传感器、气体流量泵、冷却液流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、微型冷凝器、冷却液存储器、气体存储器、灭火剂存储器；所述控制器分别与温度传感器、烟雾传感器、气体流量泵、冷却液流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、微型冷凝器、灭火板上的电控喷气口的电控阀导线连接；所述冷却板的进液口、出液口通过管路与所述冷却液流量泵、微型冷凝器、冷却液存储器连通，构成冷却液的流通回路；所述灭火板进气口、出气口通过管路与气体流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、气体存储器、灭火剂存储器连通，构成气体的流通回路以及灭火剂的流通回路。
进一步地，所述电池单元格包括：壳体、第二防火网、电池箱；所述电池箱设置于所述壳体内，内部供装配电池；所述电池箱与所述壳体之间围有一圈 所述第二防火网。
进一步地，所述第一防火网、第二防火网均为蜂窝网格式防火网，表面材料为膨胀型防火涂料。
进一步地，所述主壳体为风冷壳体。
进一步地，所述冷却液为机油。
本发明还提供了一种动力电池防护装置的防护方法，包括：
当温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度低于电池工作温度时，控制器不启动微型冷凝器，通过冷却液自循环散热；
当仅温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器启动微型冷凝器，通过微型冷凝器辅助冷却液循环散热；
当温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度，且持续时间大于预设持续时间时，控制器还控制气体流量泵将气体通过灭火板喷入主壳体内；
当烟雾传感器有烟雾信号产生，温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器控制气体流量泵、灭火剂流量泵将气体、灭火剂通过灭火板喷入主壳体内。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明将降温循环、气体循环和灭火循环构成回路的方式，可以对有限的材料进行循环利用，当主壳体内环境情况不同时，根据实际情况进行多种防控措施，确保动力电池使用安全。
(2)本发明防火网都采用了膨胀型防火涂料，其在受热的情况下分解出不燃惰性气体，冲淡被保护物体受热分解出的可燃性气体，使之不易燃烧或燃烧速度减慢，并形成碳质泡沫隔热层封闭被保护的物体，延迟热量与基材的传递，阻止物体着火燃烧或因温度升高而造成的强度下降。
(3)本发明冷却板采用导热性能较好且有着较高熔点的金属材料，在进行降温的时候，电池组的热量可以扩散到整个冷却板以达到对整个电池进行降温，并在电池失火达到高温时保障降温循环回路的正常工作。
(4)本发明主壳体为风冷壳体，使得壳体内部形成单向的风道，以保证散热效果。
(8)本发明采用电池单元格的方式存放电池，可以在单个动力电池出事时关闭与其它动力电池的连接，既保障了单个动力电池出事时动力电池组的正常工作，又降低了其它动力电池出事的概率。
附图说明
通过参考附图会更加清楚的理解本发明的特征和优点，附图是示意性的而不应理解为对本发明进行任何限制，在附图中：
图1为本发明具体实施例的温控组件电路示意图；
图2为本发明具体实施例的主体的爆炸示意图；
图3为本发明具体实施例的电池单元的爆炸示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供一种动力电池防护装置，包括：电池箱1、主壳体33、保护壳盖24、灭火板25、第一防火网27、电池冷却板组件、温控组件；
电池冷却板组件、灭火板25、第一防火网27、温控组件均设置在主壳体33内；电池冷却板组件与主壳体33内壁之间围有一圈第一防火网27；灭火板25设置在电池冷却板组件上方；灭火板25上设有管道26及数个电控喷气口、进气口、出气口；
电池冷却板包括：电池单元格、冷却板41；数个电池单元格以阵列的方式排布在冷却板41上；电池单元格内放置电池28；冷却板上设有进液口、出液口。
温控组件包括：控制器4、温度传感器3、烟雾传感器2、气体流量泵11、冷却液流量泵15、灭火剂流量泵14、微型冷凝器18、冷却液存储器20、气体存储器21、灭火剂存储器22；控制器4分别与温度传感器3、烟雾传感器2、气体流量泵11、冷却液流量泵15、灭火剂流量泵14、微型冷凝器18、灭火板 25上的电控喷气口的电控阀5、电控阀6、电控阀7、电控阀8导线连接；冷却板的进液口、出液口通过管路与冷却液流量泵15、电磁阀16、可调节流量阀17、微型冷凝器18、冷却液存储器20连通，构成冷却液的流通回路；灭火板25进气口、出气口通过管路与信号阀9、信号阀10、气体流量泵11、气体流量泵12、电磁阀13、灭火剂流量泵14、气体存储器21、灭火剂存储器22、三向阀19和气体过滤器23连通，构成气体的流通回路以及灭火剂的流通回路。
电池单元格包括：盛放板30、保护壳盖34、壳体39、第二防火网38、电池箱36；电池箱36设置于壳体39内，内部供装配多个动力电池单元35；电池箱36与壳体39之间围有一圈第二防火网38，管道26与管道通口31、管道29与管道通口32相连通；可自动开启关闭的电路通道40与通口37相连并于其它动力电池组成动力电池组的电力回路。
第一防火网27、第二防火网38均为蜂窝网格式防火网，表面材料为膨胀型防火涂料，主壳体33为风冷壳体，冷却液为机油。
本发明还提供了一种动力电池防护装置的防护方法，包括：
当温度传感器3获取的主壳体33内部温度低于电池工作温度时，控制器不启动微型冷凝器18，通过冷却液自循环散热；
当温度传感器3获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器启动微型冷凝器18，通过微型冷凝器18辅助冷却液循环散热；
当温度传感器3获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度，且持续时间大于预设持续时间时，控制器4还控制气体流量泵11、气体流量泵12将气体通过灭火板25喷入主壳体33内；
当烟雾传感器2有烟雾信号产生，温度传感器3获取的主壳体33内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器4控制气体流量泵11、气体流量泵12、灭火剂流量泵14将气体、灭火剂通过灭火板25喷入主壳体33内。
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施例，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下作出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种动力电池防护装置，其特征在于，包括：主壳体、灭火板、第一防火网、电池冷却板组件、温控组件；
    所述电池冷却板组件、灭火板、第一防火网、温控组件均设置在所述主壳体内；所述电池冷却板组件与所述主壳体内壁之间围有一圈所述第一防火网；所述灭火板设置在所述电池冷却板组件上方；所述灭火板上设有数个电控喷气口、进气口、出气口；
    所述电池冷却板包括：电池单元格、冷却板；数个所述电池单元格以阵列的方式排布在所述冷却板上；所述电池单元格内放置电池；所述冷却板上设有进液口、出液口。
    所述温控组件包括：控制器、温度传感器、烟雾传感器、气体流量泵、冷却液流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、微型冷凝器、冷却液存储器、气体存储器、灭火剂存储器；所述控制器分别与温度传感器、烟雾传感器、气体流量泵、冷却液流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、微型冷凝器、灭火板上的电控喷气口的电控阀导线连接；所述冷却板的进液口、出液口通过管路与所述冷却液流量泵、微型冷凝器、冷却液存储器连通，构成冷却液的流通回路；所述灭火板进气口、出气口通过管路与气体流量泵、灭火剂流量泵、气体存储器、灭火剂存储器连通，构成气体的流通回路以及灭火剂的流通回路。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的动力电池防护装置，其特征在于，所述电池单元格包括：壳体、第二防火网、电池箱；所述电池箱设置于所述壳体内，内部供装配电池；所述电池箱与所述壳体之间围有一圈所述第二防火网。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的动力电池防护装置，其特征在于，所述第一防火网、 第二防火网均为蜂窝网格式防火网，表面材料为膨胀型防火涂料。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的动力电池防护装置，其特征在于，所述主壳体为风冷壳体。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的动力电池防护装置，其特征在于，所述冷却液为机油。
  6. 一种动力电池防护装置的防护方法，其特征在于，包括：
    当温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度低于电池工作温度时，控制器不启动微型冷凝器，通过冷却液自循环散热；
    当仅温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器启动微型冷凝器，通过微型冷凝器辅助冷却液循环散热；
    当温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度，且持续时间大于预设持续时间时，控制器还控制气体流量泵将气体通过灭火板喷入主壳体内；
    当烟雾传感器有烟雾信号产生，温度传感器获取的主壳体内部温度高于电池工作温度时，控制器控制气体流量泵、灭火剂流量泵将气体、灭火剂通过灭火板喷入主壳体内。
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