WO2023083220A1 - 采样胶囊 - Google Patents
采样胶囊 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023083220A1 WO2023083220A1 PCT/CN2022/130922 CN2022130922W WO2023083220A1 WO 2023083220 A1 WO2023083220 A1 WO 2023083220A1 CN 2022130922 W CN2022130922 W CN 2022130922W WO 2023083220 A1 WO2023083220 A1 WO 2023083220A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sampling
- water
- hole
- absorbing block
- housing
- Prior art date
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/0045—Devices for taking samples of body liquids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B10/0045—Devices for taking samples of body liquids
- A61B2010/0061—Alimentary tract secretions, e.g. biliary, gastric, intestinal, pancreatic secretions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
- A61B2010/009—Various features of diagnostic instruments
Definitions
- the invention relates to a sampling capsule, in particular to a digestive tract sampling capsule.
- Sampling capsules due to their high reliability and safety, have become an effective device for the diagnosis of digestive tract diseases and have been highly recognized by the international medical device field.
- the sampling capsule can usually collect a liquid sample in the digestive tract, and after the sampling capsule is removed from the body, medical personnel can take the liquid sample from the sampling capsule for pathological analysis.
- the existing sampling capsules have slow collection speed, small collection volume, and low sampling success rate, and the samples are easily contaminated by downstream substances after sampling, so the specificity of the samples cannot be guaranteed.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a sampling capsule, which is beneficial to improve the collection speed, collection volume, sampling success rate and anti-pollution ability of the sampling capsule.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides a sampling capsule, which includes a main housing, the main housing has a sampling cavity and a transition cavity, and the transition cavity is located on the outer periphery of the sampling cavity
- the main housing also has a first sampling hole and a second sampling hole, the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole are all shaped as through holes, and the first sampling hole is located between the sampling cavity and the Between the transition chamber, the first sampling hole has openings facing the sampling chamber and towards the transition chamber; the second sampling hole is located between the transition chamber and the outside of the main housing, so The second sampling hole has an opening towards the transition chamber and towards the outside of the main housing;
- the sampling capsule also includes a first water-absorbing block, the first water-absorbing block is located in the transition cavity, and the first water-absorbing block is configured to be able to transform from a natural state to an expanded state by absorbing liquid; the first water-absorbing block In the natural state, the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole are misplaced, and the first water-absorbing block closes the opening of the first sampling hole toward the transition chamber and/or the The second sampling hole faces the opening of the transition chamber.
- the first water-absorbing block has a through hole, and the through-hole is set through the first water-absorbing block; when the first water-absorbing block is in a natural state, the through-hole is opened, And communicate with the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole; when the first water-absorbing block is in an expanded state, the through hole is closed, and the first water-absorbing block blocks the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole Two sampling holes.
- the sampling capsule further includes a second water-absorbing block, the second water-absorbing block is located in the sampling chamber, and the second water-absorbing block is configured to be able to transform from a natural state by absorbing liquid In an expanded state; the second water-absorbing block is spaced apart from the wall forming the sampling chamber in a natural state, and the second water-absorbing block closes the opening of the first sampling hole facing the sampling chamber in an expanded state.
- the speed at which the first water-absorbing block changes from a natural state to an expanded state after absorbing liquid is lower than the speed at which the second water-absorbing block changes from a natural state to an expanded state after absorbing liquid.
- both the first water-absorbing block and the second water-absorbing block are made of materials with strong water absorption and swelling after absorbing liquid.
- the main casing includes a first casing and a second casing, the second casing is located on the outer periphery of the first casing, and the second casing is connected to the second casing.
- the first housing is relatively fixed;
- the sampling chamber is formed on the inner periphery of the first housing, and the wall forming the sampling chamber includes the inner wall of the first housing;
- the transition chamber is formed on the first housing A region between a casing and the second casing, the wall forming the transition chamber includes the outer wall of the first casing and the inner wall of the second casing;
- the first sampling hole runs through the The inner and outer surfaces of the first housing, and the openings of the first sampling hole facing the sampling chamber and the transition chamber are respectively located on the inner wall and the outer wall of the first housing;
- the second sampling hole runs through the The inner and outer surfaces of the second housing, and the openings of the second sampling hole towards the transition chamber and towards the outside of the main housing are respectively located on the inner wall and outer wall of the second housing;
- the first water-absorbing block is arranged between the first casing and the second casing, one end of the first water-absorbing block abuts against the outer wall of the first casing, and the first water-absorbing block The other end abuts against the inner wall of the second housing; the first water-absorbing block closes the opening of the first sampling hole on the outer wall of the first housing and/or the second sampling hole in the expanded state.
- the hole is located at the opening of the inner wall of the second housing.
- the first shell is shaped as a hollow cylindrical structure
- the second shell is shaped as a hollow lid-like structure or a hollow hemispherical structure; the number of the second shells There are two, and along the axial direction of the first casing, the two second casings are respectively fixed to two ends of the first casing formed with the first sampling holes.
- both the first housing and the second housing are shaped as hollow spherical structures, the outer diameter of the first housing is smaller than the inner diameter of the second housing, and the first housing A casing is located in the second casing, and the first casing is indirectly fixed to the second casing through the first water-absorbing block.
- the number of the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole are the same and are multiple, one of the first sampling holes corresponds to one of the second sampling holes, and each Each of the first sampling holes is arranged coaxially opposite to another corresponding second sampling hole.
- the sampling capsule further includes an outer membrane made of soluble material, the outer membrane is located on the outer periphery of the main casing, and the outer membrane closes the second sampling hole The opening facing the exterior of the main housing.
- the material of the adventitia is a gastric-coated material or an enteric-coated material, or a material that is dissolved by a special enzyme in the digestive tract.
- the inner diameters of the first sampling hole and the second sampling hole are 0.5-2 mm.
- the beneficial effect of the present invention is that by setting a water-absorbing block that can automatically close the opening of the sampling hole at the sampling hole, the loss of samples in the sampling cavity can be effectively avoided, and at the same time, the loss of samples in the sampling cavity can be effectively avoided. Being polluted by the outside world further improves the sampling success rate of the sampling capsule.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a sampling capsule when no sample is collected in one embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling capsule after collecting samples in one embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the first housing and the second housing in an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling capsule in another embodiment of the present invention when no sample is collected.
- Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling capsule in another embodiment of the present invention when no sample is collected.
- a sampling capsule 100 includes a main housing 1, the main housing 1 includes a sampling chamber 10 and a transition chamber 20, wherein the transition chamber 20 is located on the periphery of the sampling chamber 10, or in other words, the transition chamber 20 Adjacent to the sampling chamber 10.
- the main housing 1 also has a first sampling hole 101 and a second sampling hole 102, the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 are all shaped as through holes, that is, the two ends of the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 The two ends of each are connected.
- the first sampling hole 101 is located between the sampling chamber 10 and the transition chamber 20 , specifically, the first sampling hole 101 has two openings, one opening faces the sampling chamber 10 and the other opens toward the transition chamber 20 .
- the second sampling hole 102 is located between the transition chamber 20 and the outside of the main housing 1 .
- the second sampling hole 102 also has two openings, one of which opens towards the transition chamber 20 and the other opens towards the outside of the main housing 1 . In this way, the liquid can enter the transition chamber 20 through the second sampling hole 102 , and then enter the sampling chamber 10 through the first sampling hole 101 .
- the sampling capsule 100 also includes a first water-absorbing block 2, the first water-absorbing block 2 is located in the transition chamber 20, the first water-absorbing block 2 is configured to be able to transform from a natural state to an expanded state by absorbing liquid, and the first water-absorbing block 2
- the water-absorbing block 2 is misaligned with the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 in a natural state, and the first water-absorbing block 2 closes the opening of the first sampling hole 101 towards the transition chamber 20 and/or the second sampling hole in an expanded state 102 faces the opening of the transition chamber 20 .
- the sampling capsule 100 can control the connection or disconnection of the sampling chamber 10 with the outside of the main casing 1 according to different states of the first water-absorbing block 2 .
- the liquid can enter the sampling chamber 10 from the outside of the main housing 1 through the second sampling hole 102, the transition chamber 20 and the first sampling hole 101, and the sampling chamber 10 and the main housing 1 External connectivity.
- the communication relationship between the first sampling hole 101 and the transition chamber 20, and/or the communication relationship between the second sampling hole 102 and the transition chamber 20 is cut off, and the liquid can Blocked from the sampling chamber 10 , the sampling chamber 10 is disconnected from the outside of the main housing 1 .
- the first water-absorbing block 2 is a structure capable of showing different shapes in different states, and the transition of the state of the first water-absorbing block 2 is realized by absorbing liquid.
- the first water-absorbing block 2 does not absorb liquid, the first water-absorbing block 2 is in a natural state.
- the first water-absorbing block 2 is in a relatively contracted state, and there is a certain space in the transition chamber 20 for liquid circulation, so that the external Liquid can enter the sampling chamber 10 .
- the first water-absorbing block 2 absorbs liquid and expands, the first water-absorbing block 2 is in an expanded state, and its volume has a larger increase compared with the natural state.
- the transition chamber 20 is filled by the expanded first water-absorbing block 2, blocking External liquid enters the sampling chamber 10 .
- the sampling capsule 100 When the sampling capsule 100 performs sampling work in the digestive tract of the human body, since the first water-absorbing block 2 is initially in a natural state, the first water-absorbing block 2 is misplaced with the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102. In this way, the The process of liquid entering the sampling capsule 100 from the second sampling hole 102 will not be blocked by the first water-absorbing block 2, so that the liquid can directly flow through the transition chamber 20 and enter the sampling chamber 10 through the first sampling hole 101, and finally realize the liquid of the digestive tract. Sample collection, as shown in Figure 1.
- the first water-absorbing block 2 swells due to absorbing the liquid.
- the positional relationship of the misaligned holes 102 changes, and the first water-absorbing block 2 in the expanded state closes the opening of the first sampling hole 101 toward the transition chamber 20 and/or the opening of the second sampling hole 102 toward the transition chamber 20 .
- the liquid outside the main housing 1 cannot enter the sampling chamber 10 because of the obstruction of the first water-absorbing block 2, and when the liquid outside the main housing 1 changes, it can effectively prevent the liquid samples collected in the sampling chamber 10 from being changed. Contaminated by liquid.
- the composition of the liquid in the digestive tract is obviously different from the composition of the liquid in the target digestive tract section. If the liquid in the downstream of the digestive tract enters the sampling chamber 10, the original Contamination by collected liquid samples. Simultaneously, on the other hand, the liquid sample that has been collected in the sampling chamber 10 will also be retained in the sampling chamber 10 or in the transition chamber 20 because of the blocking of the first water-absorbing block 2, which can effectively avoid the loss of collected samples, thereby It is beneficial to further improve the sampling success rate, as shown in FIG. 2 .
- the first water-absorbing block 2 has a through hole 201 , and the through-hole 201 is set through the first water-absorbing block 2 .
- the through hole 201 In the natural state of the first water-absorbing block 2, the through hole 201 is opened, and the through hole 201 communicates with the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102; in the expanded state of the first water-absorbing block 2, the through hole 201 is closed, and the first The water-absorbing block 2 blocks the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 . This is conducive to the smooth circulation of the liquid during sampling, and the liquid sample is prevented from being polluted and lost after the sampling is completed.
- the through hole 201 is arranged coaxially with the first sampling hole 101 and/or the second sampling hole 102 , which is beneficial to improve the circulation efficiency of the liquid, thereby further increasing the sampling speed of the sampling capsule 100 to collect samples.
- a plurality of first water-absorbing blocks 2 with smaller volumes may also be arranged at intervals in the transition chamber 20, as long as the first water-absorbing blocks 2 absorb liquid and expand to fill the transition chamber 20 to close the first sampling hole. 101 and/or the second sampling hole 102.
- the sampling capsule 100 further includes a second water-absorbing block 3 located in the sampling chamber 10, and the second water-absorbing block 3 is also configured to be able to transform from a natural state to an expanded state by absorbing liquid.
- the second water-absorbing block 3 is spaced apart from the wall forming the sampling chamber 10 in a natural state, and the second water-absorbing block 3 closes the opening of the first sampling hole 101 toward the sampling chamber 10 in an expanded state. It can be understood that, no matter whether the first water-absorbing block 2 or the second water-absorbing block 3 is in an expanded state, most of the liquid is contained inside it, or in other words, both the first water-absorbing block 2 and the second water-absorbing block 3 can absorb the liquid Suction fixed.
- placing the second water-absorbing block 3 in the sampling cavity 10 not only improves the collection speed when the sampling capsule 100 collects liquid samples, but also because most of the liquid samples can be absorbed and fixed by the second water-absorbing block 3, thereby The volume of the liquid sample that can be collected is increased.
- the stability of the liquid sample in the sampling chamber 10 is further improved so that it will not be easily lost or absorbed by the first water-absorbing block 2 .
- the speed at which the first water-absorbing block 2 changes from the natural state to the expanded state after absorbing liquid is lower than the speed at which the second water-absorbing block 3 changes from the natural state to the expanded state after absorbing liquid.
- the first water-absorbing block 2 and the second water-absorbing block 3 are made of materials with different parameters, so that the expansion rate of the first water-absorbing block 2 after absorbing liquid is slower than that of the second water-absorbing block 3 Swelling rate after absorbing liquid. In this way, it is beneficial to ensure that the second water-absorbing block 3 absorbs the liquid sample one step before the first water-absorbing block 2 expands and closes the opening of the sampling hole, so as to avoid affecting the volume of the sampling chamber 10 that can collect liquid samples.
- both the first water-absorbent block 2 and the second water-absorbent block 3 are made of materials with strong water absorption and swelling after absorbing liquid, such as SAP (Super Absorbent Polymer, super absorbent polymer) or water-absorbent gel .
- SAP Super Absorbent Polymer, super absorbent polymer
- the thickness of the first water-absorbing block 2 is set at 1-2 mm, so as to improve the efficiency of the first water-absorbing block 2 when it changes state.
- the number of the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 are the same and are multiple, one first sampling hole 101 corresponds to one second sampling hole 102, and each first sampling hole The holes 101 are arranged coaxially opposite to another corresponding second sampling hole 102 .
- the inner diameters of the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 are 0.5-2 mm, so as to achieve the best passing effect of the fluid.
- the sampling capsule 100 also includes an outer membrane 4 made of a soluble material, the outer membrane 4 is located on the outer periphery of the main housing 1, and the outer membrane 4 closes the second sampling hole 102 towards the outside of the main housing 1. Open your mouth.
- the specific material of the outer membrane 4 can be selected according to needs, for example, gastric-coated material or enteric-coated material whose dissolution time changes with the pH value of the environment, or a material dissolved by a special enzyme in the digestive tract. In this way, when the sampling capsule 100 moves to the designated digestive tract section in the human body, the outer membrane 4 gradually dissolves and detaches in the specific digestive juice environment.
- the second sampling hole 102 faces the opening outside the main casing 1 and the outside world connected, the sampling capsule 100 starts to collect.
- the outer membrane 4 is shaped as a hollow closed casing, and the main casing 1 is entirely located in the cavity of the outer membrane 4, which is conducive to maintaining the stability of the outer membrane 4 structure.
- the outer membrane 4 can also be pasted on the outer wall of the main housing 1 in the form of a patch and cover the opening of the second sampling hole 102, which will not be described in detail.
- the main housing 1 includes a first housing 11 and a second housing 12, the second housing 12 is located on the outer periphery of the first housing 11, and the second housing 12 and the first housing 11 Relatively fixed, wherein the fixing method can be direct fixing or indirect fixing.
- the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 are both shaped as hollow casings, so the first casing 11 and the second casing 12 each have an inner wall and an outer wall.
- the sampling chamber 10 is formed on the inner periphery of the first housing 11 , and the walls forming the sampling chamber 10 include the inner wall of the first housing 11 .
- the transition chamber 20 is formed in the area between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 , and the walls forming the transition chamber 20 include the outer wall of the first housing 11 and the inner wall of the second housing 12 .
- the first sampling hole 101 runs through the inner and outer surfaces of the first housing 11, and the opening of the first sampling hole 101 towards the sampling chamber 10 is located on the inner wall of the first housing 11, and the opening of the first sampling hole 101 towards the transition chamber 20 is located at the first The outer wall of the housing 11.
- the second sampling hole 102 runs through the inner and outer surfaces of the second housing 12.
- the opening of the second sampling hole 102 towards the transition chamber 20 is formed on the inner wall of the second housing 12, and the second sampling hole 102 faces the outside of the main housing 1.
- the opening is located on the outer wall of the second housing 12 .
- the first water-absorbing block 2 is arranged between the first housing 11 and the second housing 12, one end of the first water-absorbing block 2 abuts against the outer wall of the first housing 11, and the first water-absorbing block 2 The other end abuts against the inner wall of the second housing 12, which is beneficial to fix the first water-absorbing block 2 in a natural state.
- the first water-absorbing block 2 closes the opening of the first sampling hole 101 located on the outer wall of the first housing 11 and/or the opening of the second sampling hole 102 located on the inner wall of the second housing 12, so that, It is beneficial to block the communication between the first sampling hole 101 and the second sampling hole 102 .
- the second water-absorbing block 3 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the first housing 11 in a natural state, so that the second water-absorbing block 3 has sufficient expansion space, which is beneficial to ensure that the second water-absorbing block 3 collects Sufficient liquid sample.
- the second water-absorbing block 3 closes the opening of the first sampling hole 101 on the inner wall of the first housing 11 in the expanded state, which is beneficial to further prevent loss of liquid samples and external contamination.
- the first housing 11 is shaped as a hollow cylindrical structure
- the second housing 12 is shaped as a hollow lid, as shown in FIG. 1 .
- the number of the second housing 12 is two, and along the axial direction of the first housing 11, the two second housings 12 are respectively fixed on the two sides of the first housing 11 formed with the first sampling hole 101.
- the fixing method can be glued or screwed. In this way, the liquid can enter the sampling cavity 10 from both ends of the sampling capsule 100, which is beneficial to increase the sampling speed.
- the second shell 12 can also be shaped as a hollow hemispherical structure, as shown in FIG. 4 , which is convenient for the patient to swallow.
- both the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are shaped as hollow spherical structures, wherein the outer diameter of the first housing 11 is smaller than the inner diameter of the second housing 12, and the first housing 11 The whole is located in the second casing 12, as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the structure of the sampling capsule 100 is more compact, and at the same time, it is beneficial to improve the mobility of the sampling capsule 100 in the digestive tract.
- the first housing 11 and the second housing 12 are indirectly fixed by the first water-absorbing block 2, the first sampling holes 101 and the second sampling holes 102 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the respective housings, and the first The sampling hole 101 , the second sampling hole 102 and the through hole 201 are all arranged coaxially, which is beneficial to further improve the fluid circulation.
- the sampling capsule 100 designed in this scheme can improve the collection speed, collection volume, sampling success rate and anti-pollution ability of the sampling capsule 100 .
- the sampling capsule 100 due to the principle that the material absorbs liquid and expands, the sampling capsule 100 has a simple structural design and less material usage, which is beneficial to reduce the production cost of the sampling capsule 100 .
- the sampling capsule 100 of this solution collects samples automatically and closes the sampling holes automatically, the sampling operation is convenient.
- the shape of the sampling capsule 100 of this solution is easy to change, which is conducive to improving the universality of the sampling capsule 100 and is suitable for large-scale experiments and sample collection.
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Abstract
一种采样胶囊（100），包括主壳体（1），主壳体（1）具有采样腔（10）和过渡腔（20），过渡腔（20）位于采样腔（10）的外周；第一采样孔（101）和第二采样孔（102），第一采样孔（101）位于采样腔（10）和过渡腔（20）之间，第二采样孔（102）位于过渡腔（20）与主壳体（1）的外部之间；第一吸水块（2），第一吸水块（2）位于过渡腔（20）内，在自然状态下与第一采样孔（101）和第二采样孔（102）错位设置，第一吸水块（2）在膨胀状态下封闭第一采样孔（101）朝向过渡腔（20）的开口和/或第二采样孔（102）朝向过渡腔（20）的开口。采样胶囊（100）有利于避免采集的样品被外界污染。
Description
本申请要求了申请日为2021年11月11日，申请号为202111334161.0，发明名称为“采样胶囊”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
本发明涉及一种采样胶囊，具体涉及一种消化道采样胶囊。
采样胶囊，由于其高可靠性、高安全性，目前已成为消化道疾病诊断的有效设备，受到了国际医疗器械领域的高度认可。在现有技术中，采样胶囊通常可以对消化道中的液体样品进行采集，在采样胶囊移出体外后，医护人员能够从采样胶囊内取出液体样品以进行病理分析。
然而，现有的采样胶囊采集速度慢、采集量小、采样成功率低，并且采样完成后其样品容易受到下游物质污染，无法保证样品的特异性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种采样胶囊，以有利于提高采样胶囊的采集速度、采集量、采样成功率以及防污染能力。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施方式提供了一种采样胶囊，其中，包括主壳体，所述主壳体具有采样腔和过渡腔，所述过渡腔位于所述采样腔的外周；所述主壳体还具有第一采样孔和第二采样孔，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔均成形为通孔，所述第一采样孔位于所述采样腔和所述过渡腔之间，所述第一采样孔具有朝向所述采样腔和朝向所述过渡腔的开口；所述第二采样孔位于所述过渡腔与所述主壳体的外部之间，所述第二采样孔具有朝向所述过渡腔和朝向所述主壳体的外部的开口；
所述采样胶囊还包括第一吸水块，所述第一吸水块位于所述过渡腔内，所述第一吸水块设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态；所述第一吸水块在自然状态下与所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔错位设置，所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔朝向所述过渡腔的开口和/或所述第二采样孔朝向所述过渡腔的开口。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一吸水块具有贯通孔，所述贯通孔贯 穿所述第一吸水块设置；所述第一吸水块在自然状态下，所述贯通孔打开，并连通所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔；所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下，所述贯通孔关闭，所述第一吸水块阻隔所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述采样胶囊还包括第二吸水块，所述第二吸水块位于所述采样腔内，所述第二吸水块设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态；所述第二吸水块在自然状态下与形成所述采样腔的壁间隔设置，所述第二吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔朝向所述采样腔的开口。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一吸水块吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度小于所述第二吸水块吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一吸水块和所述第二吸水块均由吸水性强且吸收液体后发生膨胀的材料制成。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述主壳体包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体位于所述第一壳体的外周，所述第二壳体与所述第一壳体相对固定；所述采样腔成形于所述第一壳体的内周，形成所述采样腔的壁包括所述第一壳体的内壁；所述过渡腔成形于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间的区域，形成所述过渡腔的壁包括所述第一壳体的外壁和所述第二壳体的内壁；所述第一采样孔贯穿所述第一壳体的内外表面，并且所述第一采样孔朝向所述采样腔以及朝向所述过渡腔的开口分别位于所述第一壳体的内壁和外壁；所述第二采样孔贯穿所述第二壳体的内外表面，并且所述第二采样孔朝向所述过渡腔以及朝向所述主壳体外部的开口分别位于所述第二壳体的内壁和外壁；
所述第一吸水块设置于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间，所述第一吸水块的一端与所述第一壳体的外壁抵接，所述第一吸水块的另一端与所述第二壳体的内壁抵接；所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔位于所述第一壳体外壁的开口和/或所述第二采样孔位于所述第二壳体内壁的开口。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一壳体成形为中空圆筒状结构，所述第二壳体成形为中空盖状结构或中空半球状结构；所述第二壳体的数量为两个，沿所述第一壳体的轴向，两个所述第二壳体分别固定于所述第一壳体成形有所述第一采样孔的两端。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体均成形为中空 球状结构，所述第一壳体的外径小于第二壳体的内径，所述第一壳体位于所述第二壳体内，所述第一壳体通过所述第一吸水块间接与所述第二壳体固定。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔的数量相同且均为多个，一个所述第一采样孔对应一个所述第二采样孔，并且每个所述第一采样孔均与另一个相对应的所述第二采样孔同轴相对设置。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述采样胶囊还包括由可溶材料制成的外膜，所述外膜位于所述主壳体的外周，所述外膜封闭所述第二采样孔朝向所述主壳体外部的开口。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述外膜的材料为胃溶材料或肠溶材料，或受消化道内特殊酶作用而发生溶解的材料。
作为本发明一实施方式的进一步改进，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔的内径为0.5～2mm。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：通过在采样孔处设置可以自动封闭采样孔开口的吸水块，能够有效避免采样腔内的样品流失，同时也能有效避免采样腔内的样品被外界污染，进一步提高了采样胶囊的采样成功率。
图1是本发明一实施方式中采样胶囊未采集样品时的剖视示意图。
图2是本发明一实施方式中采样胶囊采集样品后的剖视示意图。
图3是本发明一实施方式中第一壳体和第二壳体的剖视示意图。
图4是本发明另一实施方式中的采样胶囊未采集样品时的剖视示意图。
图5是本发明另一实施方式中的采样胶囊未采集样品时的剖视示意图。
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
结合图1和图2，一种采样胶囊100，包括主壳体1，主壳体1包括采样腔10和过渡腔20，其中，过渡腔20位于采样腔10的外周，或者说，过渡腔20与采样腔10相邻 设置。主壳体1还具有第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102，第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102均成形为通孔，即第一采样孔101的两端和第二采样孔102的两端各自连通。第一采样孔101位于采样腔10和过渡腔20之间，具体地，第一采样孔101具有两个开口，其中一个开口朝向采样腔10，另一个开口朝向过渡腔20。第二采样孔102位于过渡腔20和主壳体1的外部之间，第二采样孔102也具有两个开口，其中一个开口朝向过渡腔20，另一个开口朝向主壳体1的外部。这样，液体能够通过第二采样孔102进入过渡腔20，再通过第一采样孔101进入采样腔10。
在该实施方式，采样胶囊100还包括第一吸水块2，第一吸水块2位于过渡腔20内，第一吸水块2设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态，并且，第一吸水块2在自然状态下与第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102错位设置，第一吸水块2在膨胀状态下封闭第一采样孔101朝向过渡腔20的开口和/或第二采样孔102朝向过渡腔20的开口。可以理解的是，第一采样孔101朝向过渡腔20的开口和第二采样孔102朝向过渡腔20的开口中的其中一个或者全部被封闭，所达到的效果是一样的。这样，采样胶囊100可以根据第一吸水块2的不同状态控制采样腔10与主壳体1外部的连通或者断开。例如，当第一吸水块2处于自然状态时，液体能够从主壳体1外部通过第二采样孔102、过渡腔20以及第一采样孔101进入采样腔10，采样腔10与主壳体1外部连通。当第一吸水块2处于膨胀状态时，第一采样孔101与过渡腔20之间的连通关系，和/或第二采样孔102与过渡腔20之间的连通关系被切断，此时液体能够被阻隔在采样腔10外，采样腔10与主壳体1外部断开。
具体来说，第一吸水块2是一种在不同状态下能够表现出不同形态的结构，并且第一吸水块2状态的转变是通过吸收液体来实现的。当第一吸水块2未吸收液体时，第一吸水块2处于自然状态，此时第一吸水块2处于一种相对收缩的形态，过渡腔20内具有一定的空间供液体流通，使外部的液体能够进入采样腔10。当第一吸水块2吸收液体发生膨胀时，此时第一吸水块2处于膨胀状态，其体积相比自然状态时有较大的增幅，过渡腔20被膨胀的第一吸水块2充满，阻隔外部的液体进入采样腔10。
当采样胶囊100在人体的消化道内进行采样工作时，由于第一吸水块2初始处于自然状态，第一吸水块2与第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102错位设置，这样，消化道中的液体从第二采样孔102进入采样胶囊100的过程不会受到第一吸水块2的阻挡，从而 液体可以直接流经过渡腔20并通过第一采样孔101进入采样腔10，最终实现消化道液体样品的采集，如图1所示。
当采样胶囊100采样完毕后，第一吸水块2因为吸收到液体而发生膨胀，此时，由于第一吸水块2体积增大，原先第一吸水块2与第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102错位设置的位置关系发生改变，处于膨胀状态下的第一吸水块2封闭第一采样孔101朝向过渡腔20的开口和/或第二采样孔102朝向过渡腔20的开口。这样，主壳体1外部的液体因为第一吸水块2的阻挡而无法进入采样腔10，主壳体1外部的液体变化时，能够有效避免采样腔10内已经采集到的液体样品被变化的液体所污染。例如，当采样胶囊100运动至消化道下游时，此时消化道中液体的成分与目标消化道区间段中液体的成分明显不同，如果消化道下游中的液体进入采样腔10，将会对原先已采集到的液体样品造成污染。同时，在另一方面，采样腔10内已经采集到的液体样品也会因为第一吸水块2的阻挡而保留在采样腔10内或过渡腔20内，能够有效避免已采集样品的流失，从而有利于进一步提升采样成功率，如图2所示。
在一种具体的实施方式，第一吸水块2具有贯通孔201，贯通孔201贯穿第一吸水块2设置。第一吸水块2在自然状态下，贯通孔201打开，并且贯通孔201连通第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102；第一吸水块2在膨胀状态下，贯通孔201关闭，同时第一吸水块2阻隔第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102。这样有利于实现采样时液体顺利流通，采样完毕后液体样品避免污染和流失。在一种实施方式，贯通孔201与第一采样孔101和/或第二采样孔102同轴设置，这样有利于提高液体的流通效率，从而进一步提高采样胶囊100采集样品的采集速度。当然，在其他实施方式，也可以是多个体积较小的第一吸水块2间隔设置于过渡腔20内，只要满足第一吸水块2吸收液体膨胀后充满过渡腔20从而封闭第一采样孔101和/或第二采样孔102即可。
在一种实施方式，采样胶囊100还包括第二吸水块3，第二吸水块3位于采样腔10内，第二吸水块3同样设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态。在该实施方式，第二吸水块3在自然状态下与形成采样腔10的壁间隔设置，第二吸水块3在膨胀状态下封闭第一采样孔101朝向采样腔10的开口。可以理解的是，无论是第一吸水块2还是第二吸水块3处于膨胀状态时，大部分液体被收纳在其内部，或者说，第一吸水块2和第二吸水块3均能够将液体吸取固定。因此，在该实施方式，在采样腔10内 放置第二吸水块3，不仅提高了采样胶囊100采集液体样品时的采集速度，同时由于大部分液体样品能被第二吸水块3吸取固定，从而提高了可采集液体样品的容积，此外，还进一步提高了采样腔10内液体样品的稳定性，使之不会轻易流失或被第一吸水块2吸取。
在一种实施方式，第一吸水块2吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度小于第二吸水块3吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度。具体地，在该实施方式，分别使第一吸水块2和第二吸水块3采用参数具有一定差异化的材料制成，使得第一吸水块2吸收液体后的膨胀速率慢于第二吸水块3吸收液体后的膨胀速率。这样，有利于保证第二吸水块3在第一吸水块2膨胀后封闭采样孔开口之前先一步吸收完液体样品，避免采样腔10可采集液体样品的容积受到影响。
在一种实施方式，第一吸水块2和第二吸水块3均由吸水性较强且吸收液体后发生膨胀的材料制作而成，例如SAP(Super Absorbent Polymer，高吸水树脂)或吸水凝胶。在一种具体的实施方式，第一吸水块2的厚度设置为1～2mm，以有利于提高第一吸水块2转变状态时的效率。
结合图3，在一种实施方式，第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102的数量相同且均为多个，一个第一采样孔101对应一个第二采样孔102，并且每个第一采样孔101均与另一个相对应的第二采样孔102同轴相对设置。这样，有利于进一步提高液体通过主壳体1进入采样腔10的速度，在提高采样胶囊100采集速率的同时，进一步避免出现第一吸水块2在第二吸水块3吸收完成之前封闭采样孔。在一种具体的实施方式，第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102的内径为0.5～2mm，以达到流体的最佳通过效果。
在一种实施方式，采样胶囊100还包括由可溶材料制成的外膜4，外膜4位于主壳体1的外周，并且外膜4封闭第二采样孔102朝向主壳体1外部的开口。其中，外膜4的具体材料可以根据需要选择，例如溶解时间随环境PH值不同而发生变化的胃溶材料或肠溶材料，也可是受消化道内某特殊酶作用而发生溶解的材料。这样，当采样胶囊100运动至人体内指定的消化道区间时，外膜4在特定的消化液环境中逐渐发生溶解、脱离，此时第二采样孔102朝向主壳体1外部的开口与外界连通，采样胶囊100开始采集工作。在一种具体的实施方式，外膜4成形为一种中空的封闭式壳体，主壳体1整个位于外膜4的空腔内，这样有利于保持外膜4结构的稳定。当然，在另一实施方式，外膜4也可 以以贴片的形态粘贴于主壳体1的外壁并且覆盖第二采样孔102的开口，不再详细描述。
在一种具体地实施方式，主壳体1包括第一壳体11和第二壳体12，第二壳体12位于第一壳体11的外周，第二壳体12与第一壳体11相对固定，其中，固定方式可以是直接固定也可以是间接固定。在该实施方式，第一壳体11和第二壳体12均成形为中空状的壳体，因此第一壳体11和第二壳体12各自均有内壁和外壁。采样腔10成形于第一壳体11的内周，形成采样腔10的壁包括第一壳体11的内壁。过渡腔20成形于第一壳体11和第二壳体12之间的区域，形成过渡腔20的壁包括第一壳体11的外壁和第二壳体12的内壁。第一采样孔101贯穿第一壳体11的内外表面，并且第一采样孔101朝向采样腔10的开口位于第一壳体11的内壁，第一采样孔101朝向过渡腔20的开口位于第一壳体11的外壁。第二采样孔102贯穿第二壳体12的内外表面，同理，第二采样孔102朝向过渡腔20的开口成形于第二壳体12的内壁，第二采样孔102朝向主壳体1外部的开口位于第二壳体12的外壁。
在该实施方式，第一吸水块2设置于第一壳体11和第二壳体12之间，第一吸水块2的一端与第一壳体11的外壁抵接，第一吸水块2的另一端与第二壳体12的内壁抵接，这样，有利于在自然状态下固定第一吸水块2。第一吸水块2在膨胀状态下，第一吸水块2封闭第一采样孔101位于第一壳体11外壁的开口和/或第二采样孔102位于第二壳体12内壁的开口，这样，有利于阻隔第一采样孔101与第二采样孔102连通。此外，在该实施方式，第二吸水块3在自然状态下与第一壳体11的内壁间隔设置，这样，第二吸水块3有充足的膨胀空间，有利于保证第二吸水块3采集到足够的液体样本。第二吸水块3在膨胀状态封闭第一采样孔101在第一壳体11内壁的开口，这样有利于进一步防止液体样品流失和外界污染。
在一种具体的实施方式，第一壳体11成形为中空圆筒状结构，第二壳体12成形为中空盖状结构，如图1所示。在该实施方式，第二壳体12的数量为两个，延第一壳体11的轴向，两个第二壳体12分别固定于第一壳体11成形有第一采样孔101的两端，固定方式可以是胶水粘接或者螺纹连接。这样，液体能够从采样胶囊100的两端进入采样腔10，有利于提高采样速度。当然，在另一实施方式，第二壳体12也可以成形为中空半球状结构，如图4所示，这样，有利于患者吞服。
在另一具体的实施方式，第一壳体11和第二壳体12均成形为中空球状结构，其中， 第一壳体11的外径小于第二壳体12的内径，第一壳体11整体位于第二壳体12内，如图5所示。这样，采样胶囊100的结构更加紧凑，同时有利于提高采样胶囊100在消化道内的运动性。在该实施方式，第一壳体11和第二壳体12通过第一吸水块2间接固定，第一采样孔101和第二采样孔102均沿各自壳体的周向分布设置，并且第一采样孔101、第二采样孔102以及贯通孔201均同轴设置，这样，有利于进一步提高液体流通性。
综上所述，本方案设计的采样胶囊100能够提高采样胶囊100的采集速度、采集量、采样成功率以及防污染能力。同时由于利用材料吸收液体膨胀的原理，使得采样胶囊100结构设计简单，材料使用少，有利于减少采样胶囊100的制作成本。同时由于本方案的采样胶囊100为自动采集样品和自动封闭采样孔，使得采样操作方便。此外，本方案的采样胶囊100外形易于变换，有利于提高采样胶囊100的普适性，适合大批量的实验与样本收集。
以上所述实施方式的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施方式的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明记载的范围。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本发明而并非限制本发明所描述的技术方案，尽管本说明书参照上述的实施方式对本发明已进行了详细的说明，但是，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，所属技术领域的技术人员仍然可以对本发明进行修改或者等同替换，而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进，均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围内。
Claims (12)
- 一种采样胶囊，其特征在于，包括主壳体，所述主壳体具有采样腔和过渡腔，所述过渡腔位于所述采样腔的外周；所述主壳体还具有第一采样孔和第二采样孔，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔均成形为通孔，所述第一采样孔位于所述采样腔和所述过渡腔之间，所述第一采样孔具有朝向所述采样腔和朝向所述过渡腔的开口；所述第二采样孔位于所述过渡腔与所述主壳体的外部之间，所述第二采样孔具有朝向所述过渡腔和朝向所述主壳体的外部的开口；所述采样胶囊还包括第一吸水块，所述第一吸水块位于所述过渡腔内，所述第一吸水块设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态；所述第一吸水块在自然状态下与所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔错位设置，所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔朝向所述过渡腔的开口和/或所述第二采样孔朝向所述过渡腔的开口。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一吸水块具有贯通孔，所述贯通孔贯穿所述第一吸水块设置；所述第一吸水块在自然状态下，所述贯通孔打开，并连通所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔；所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下，所述贯通孔关闭，所述第一吸水块阻隔所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述采样胶囊还包括第二吸水块，所述第二吸水块位于所述采样腔内，所述第二吸水块设置为能够通过吸收液体从自然状态转变为膨胀状态；所述第二吸水块在自然状态下与形成所述采样腔的壁间隔设置，所述第二吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔朝向所述采样腔的开口。
- 根据权利要求3所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一吸水块吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度小于所述第二吸水块吸收液体后从自然状态转变为膨胀状态的速度。
- 根据权利要求3所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一吸水块和所述第二吸水块均由吸水性强且吸收液体后发生膨胀的材料制成。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述主壳体包括第一壳体和第二壳体，所述第二壳体位于所述第一壳体的外周，所述第二壳体与所述第一壳体相对固定；所述采样腔成形于所述第一壳体的内周，形成所述采样腔的壁包括所述第一壳体的 内壁；所述过渡腔成形于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间的区域，形成所述过渡腔的壁包括所述第一壳体的外壁和所述第二壳体的内壁；所述第一采样孔贯穿所述第一壳体的内外表面，并且所述第一采样孔朝向所述采样腔以及朝向所述过渡腔的开口分别位于所述第一壳体的内壁和外壁；所述第二采样孔贯穿所述第二壳体的内外表面，并且所述第二采样孔朝向所述过渡腔以及朝向所述主壳体外部的开口分别位于所述第二壳体的内壁和外壁；所述第一吸水块设置于所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体之间，所述第一吸水块的一端与所述第一壳体的外壁抵接，所述第一吸水块的另一端与所述第二壳体的内壁抵接；所述第一吸水块在膨胀状态下封闭所述第一采样孔位于所述第一壳体外壁的开口和/或所述第二采样孔位于所述第二壳体内壁的开口。
- 根据权利要求6所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一壳体成形为中空圆筒状结构，所述第二壳体成形为中空盖状结构或中空半球状结构；所述第二壳体的数量为两个，沿所述第一壳体的轴向，两个所述第二壳体分别固定于所述第一壳体成形有所述第一采样孔的两端。
- 根据权利要求6所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一壳体和所述第二壳体均成形为中空球状结构，所述第一壳体的外径小于第二壳体的内径，所述第一壳体位于所述第二壳体内，所述第一壳体通过所述第一吸水块间接与所述第二壳体固定。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔的数量相同且均为多个，一个所述第一采样孔对应一个所述第二采样孔，并且每个所述第一采样孔均与另一个相对应的所述第二采样孔同轴相对设置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述采样胶囊还包括由可溶材料制成的外膜，所述外膜位于所述主壳体的外周，所述外膜封闭所述第二采样孔朝向所述主壳体外部的开口。
- 根据权利要求10所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述外膜的材料为胃溶材料或肠溶材料，或受消化道内特殊酶作用而发生溶解的材料。
- 根据权利要求1所述的采样胶囊，其特征在于，所述第一采样孔和所述第二采样孔的内径为0.5～2mm。
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