WO2023083060A1 - 螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置 - Google Patents

螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023083060A1
WO2023083060A1 PCT/CN2022/129053 CN2022129053W WO2023083060A1 WO 2023083060 A1 WO2023083060 A1 WO 2023083060A1 CN 2022129053 W CN2022129053 W CN 2022129053W WO 2023083060 A1 WO2023083060 A1 WO 2023083060A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screw
annular protrusion
head
sealant
battery
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/129053
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄圣国
林志强
林志全
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP22891856.1A priority Critical patent/EP4366061A1/en
Publication of WO2023083060A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023083060A1/zh
Priority to US18/437,166 priority patent/US20240247677A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B39/00—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts
    • F16B39/22—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening
    • F16B39/225—Locking of screws, bolts or nuts in which the locking takes place during screwing down or tightening by means of a settable material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/10—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws
    • F16B25/106—Screws performing an additional function to thread-forming, e.g. drill screws or self-piercing screws by means of a self-piercing screw-point, i.e. without removing material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/262—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with fastening means, e.g. locks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B25/00—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws
    • F16B25/001—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed
    • F16B25/0021—Screws that cut thread in the body into which they are screwed, e.g. wood screws characterised by the material of the body into which the screw is screwed the material being metal, e.g. sheet-metal or aluminium
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of mechanical connection structures, in particular to screws, connection structures, batteries and electrical devices.
  • Self-tapping screws are widely used as fasteners in mechanical connection structures.
  • Flow Drill Screw (FDS, Flow Drill Screw) through the high-speed rotation of the screw melts and softens the plates to be connected, and is extruded and screwed into the plates to be connected under the action of huge axial pressure, and finally forms a gap between the plates and the screws.
  • Threaded connection while the parent metal at the center hole is extruded and forms a ring-shaped sleeve structure at the bottom of the lower plate.
  • Such hot-melt self-tapping screws can be used in the connection with the water-cooled plate of the profile box, the connection with the frame of the profile, and can also be used in the battery. How to ensure the tightness of the connection of these screws is very important.
  • the purpose of the present application is to provide a screw, a connecting structure, a battery and an electrical device capable of ensuring reliable sealing.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a screw having a head and a threaded rod connected to the head, and an annular protrusion is provided on the surface of the head on the side of the threaded rod.
  • the annular protrusion can be embedded into the surface of the connected connecting piece during the self-tapping process of the screw, so as to realize the close contact between the head of the screw and the connecting piece , so that the sealing performance can be improved.
  • the annular protrusion on the cross-section where the central axis of the annular protrusion is located, has any one of a triangular cross-section and an arc-shaped cross-section.
  • the triangular and arc-shaped cross-section helps the ring-shaped protrusion to embed into the surface of the connecting piece, which is beneficial to improve the sealing performance through close contact.
  • the head has a quincunx-shaped top and a brim protruding radially outward compared with the top, and the annular protrusion is disposed on the brim.
  • the head has a brim with a larger outer diameter, the contact area between the head of the screw and the connected connecting piece can be increased, so that the annular protrusion can be reliably set, and it is also possible to reserve for the application of sealant full location.
  • annular sealant application portion on the surface of the head portion on the threaded rod side, there is an annular sealant application portion on the radially outer side of the annular protrusion.
  • the sealant applied to the annular sealant application part overflows and is fully filled on the head of the screw and the surface of the connector. the gap between. Even if the surface flatness and surface roughness of the surface of the connecting piece are not good enough, reliable sealing can be realized.
  • the sealant application portion is coated with sealant.
  • the screw is a hot-melt self-tapping screw, and an annular groove is provided on the radial inner side of the annular protrusion.
  • annular groove is provided on the radially inner side of the annular protrusion, when the hot-melt self-tapping screw is self-tapping and installed, the melted connector material and the like can enter into the annular groove, thereby ensuring that the screw and the The mounting surfaces of the connected connectors are in tight contact.
  • sealant can also be coated in the annular groove, thereby being able to reliably seal the gap between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole.
  • the sealing performance between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole can be greatly improved , which can ensure that no air or liquid will leak from the gap between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole.
  • sealant is coated in the annular groove.
  • the annular protrusion surrounds the threaded rod, and the annular protrusion is spaced apart from the threaded rod.
  • the gap between the annular protrusion and the threaded rod can accommodate the material overflowing from the melting of the connecting piece, and the annular indentation where the annular protrusion is embedded in the surface of the connected connecting piece is spaced from the threaded rod to avoid melting of the connecting piece
  • the spilled material affects the seal between the annular protrusion and the annular dent, thereby improving the sealing performance.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a connecting structure, including a first connecting piece, a second connecting piece and a screw connecting the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece together, wherein the screw is the first connecting piece of the present application. screws provided.
  • connection structure is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring high sealing performance.
  • the annular projection of the screw abuts against one of the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece;
  • the abutting surface is formed with a ring-shaped indentation fitted with the ring-shaped protrusion.
  • the sealing performance can be further improved through the cooperation of the annular protrusion and the annular indentation.
  • the arrangement of the annular protrusion and the coating of sealant on the radially outer side of the annular protrusion can allow the sealant to overflow and fully fill the gap between the head and the contacting surface of the head to achieve reliable sealing.
  • a sealant is provided in the radial inner annular groove of the annular protrusion.
  • the sealant in the annular groove can fill the small gap between the annular groove and the installation hole to improve the sealing performance.
  • the means of setting the annular protrusion, applying sealant on the radially outer side of the annular protrusion, and applying sealant in the annular groove are used in combination, the distance between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole can be greatly improved. Sealing can ensure that no air or liquid will leak from the gap between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a battery, which has the screw provided in the first aspect of the present application, or has the connection structure provided in the second aspect of the present application.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery provided in the third aspect of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a three-dimensional structure of a screw according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic front view schematically showing a screw according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic top view schematically showing a screw according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 5 .
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing a connection structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic top view schematically showing a connection structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a B-B sectional view in Fig. 8 .
  • 201-box 201a-first part; 201b-second part; 202-battery unit;
  • the first feature may be in direct contact with the first feature or the second feature "on” or “under” the second feature. Indirect contact through intermediaries.
  • “above”, “above” and “above” the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature.
  • “Below”, “beneath” and “beneath” the first feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less horizontally than the second feature.
  • Screws such as hot-melt self-tapping screws generally include a threaded rod and a head connected to the threaded rod.
  • the head includes a thick brim portion, and an annular groove is provided at the connection between the brim portion and the threaded rod.
  • the thick brim can withstand high pressure and torque, and can block and contain molten aluminum or steel that melts during the tightening process, especially when it does not melt through the bottom of the workpiece. Since such a screw can use the annular groove to accommodate the outflowing molten aluminum or steel, it can prevent the outflowing molten aluminum or steel from extruding and exposing the brim, resulting in an excessively large gap between the screw and the workpiece.
  • Such screws can complete a series of steps such as drilling (piercing), tapping and tightening on a single layer or several layers of aluminum alloy, steel plate and other plates of a certain thickness, and finally form a threaded connection.
  • Such hot-melt self-tapping screws can be used, for example, to join battery packs or body-related components of all-aluminum or “steel-aluminum” construction.
  • the inventors of the present application have found through research that when such hot-melt self-tapping screws are applied to battery packs, such as when the profile box is connected to the water-cooled plate, since the interior of the battery pack needs to ensure sealing, the hot-melt self-tapping screws only Relying on the mechanical seal of the head is greatly affected by the flatness of the plate, and air leakage may occur.
  • the inventors of the present application have invented a screw and a connection structure using the screw for connection, which can eliminate the problems in the above-mentioned related technologies, and can improve the sealing without requiring the flatness of the plates to be improved. sex. Furthermore, a battery with good sealing performance and an electrical device using the battery are also provided.
  • the batteries involved in this application can be any batteries, such as battery modules and battery packs, or primary batteries and secondary batteries.
  • secondary batteries include nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-cadmium batteries, lead-acid (or lead storage) batteries, lithium Ion batteries, sodium-ion batteries, polymer batteries, etc.
  • This battery is suitable for a variety of electrical equipment that uses batteries, such as mobile phones, portable devices, notebook computers, battery cars, electric toys, electric tools, electric vehicles, ships and spacecraft, etc.
  • spacecraft include aircraft, rockets, aerospace Aircraft and spacecraft, etc.; batteries are used to provide electrical energy for the above-mentioned electrical equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 1000 involved in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the vehicle 1000 may be a fuel vehicle, a gas vehicle or a new energy vehicle, and the new energy vehicle may be a pure electric vehicle, a hybrid vehicle or an extended-range vehicle.
  • the vehicle 1000 is equipped with a battery 100 , and the battery 100 may be installed at the bottom, head, or tail of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the battery 100 can be used for power supply of the vehicle 1000 , for example, the battery 100 can be used as an operating power source of the vehicle 1000 .
  • the vehicle 1000 may further include a controller 200 and a motor 300 , the controller 200 is used to control the battery 100 to supply power to the motor 300 , for example, it can be used for starting the vehicle 1000 , navigating, and working power requirements during driving.
  • the battery 100 can not only be used as an operating power source for the vehicle 1000 , but can also be used as a driving power source for the vehicle 1000 , replacing or partially replacing fuel oil or natural gas to provide driving power for the vehicle 1000 .
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a battery box according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery 100 includes a case 201 and a battery cell 202 , and the battery cell 202 is accommodated in the case 201 .
  • the box body 201 is used to provide accommodating space for the battery cells 202, and the box body 201 can adopt various structures.
  • the box body 201 may include a first part 201a and a second part 201b, the first part 201a and the second part 201b cover each other, the first part 201a and the second part 201b jointly define a of accommodation space.
  • the second part 201b can be a hollow structure with one end open, the first part 201a can be a plate-shaped structure, and the first part 201a covers the opening side of the second part 201b, so that the first part 201a and the second part 201b jointly define an accommodation space ;
  • the first part 201a and the second part 201b can also be hollow structures with one side opening, and the opening side of the first part 201a covers the opening side of the second part 201b.
  • the box body 201 formed by the first part 201a and the second part 201b may be in various shapes, such as a cylinder, a cuboid, and the like.
  • the battery 100 may include a plurality of battery cells 202 , and the battery cells 202 refer to the smallest unit forming a battery module or a battery pack.
  • a plurality of battery cells 202 can be connected in series and/or in parallel via electrode terminals for various applications.
  • the batteries involved in this application may include battery modules or battery packs.
  • the plurality of battery cells 202 may be connected in series, in parallel or in parallel, and the mixed connection refers to a mixture of series and parallel.
  • the battery in the embodiment of the present application may be directly composed of a plurality of battery cells 202 , or may be composed of a battery module first, and then the battery module is composed of a battery.
  • the battery cell 202 may be a lithium-ion battery, a sodium-ion battery, or a magnesium-ion battery, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell 202 may be in the form of a cylinder, a flat body, a cuboid or other shapes, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cells 202 are generally divided into three types according to packaging methods: cylindrical battery cells, square square battery cells and pouch battery cells, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application. Cylindrical battery cells can be divided into cylindrical battery cells, polygonal prismatic battery cells, etc. according to the cross-sectional shape of the cylindrical surface.
  • the battery cell 202 generally includes an end cap, a case, and a cell assembly.
  • the end cap refers to a component that covers the opening of the casing to isolate the internal environment of the battery cell 202 from the external environment.
  • the shape of the end cap can be adapted to the shape of the housing to fit the housing.
  • the end cap can be made of a material with a certain hardness and strength (such as aluminum alloy), so that the end cap is not easy to deform when being squeezed and collided, so that the battery cell 202 can have higher structural strength , safety performance can also be improved.
  • Functional components such as electrode terminals can be provided on the end cap.
  • the electrode terminals can be used for electrical connection with the battery cell assembly for outputting or inputting electric energy of the battery cells 202 .
  • the material of the end cap can also be various, for example, copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which is not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an insulator can also be provided inside the end cover, and the insulator can be used to isolate the electrical connection components in the housing from the end cover, so as to reduce the risk of short circuit.
  • the insulating member may be plastic, rubber or the like.
  • the housing is an assembly for matching end caps to form the internal environment of the battery cell 202 , wherein the internal environment formed can be used to accommodate the battery cell assembly, electrolyte (not shown in the figure) and other components.
  • the casing and the end cover may be independent parts, and an opening may be provided on the casing, and the internal environment of the battery cell is formed by making the end cover cover the opening at the opening.
  • the end cover and the housing can also be integrated.
  • the end cover and the housing can form a common connection surface before other components enter the housing.
  • the end Cover the housing.
  • the housing can be in various shapes and dimensions, such as cuboid, cylinder, hexagonal prism, etc.
  • the shape of the housing can be determined according to the specific shape and size of the battery cell assembly.
  • the housing can be made of various materials, such as copper, iron, aluminum, stainless steel, aluminum alloy, plastic, etc., which are not particularly limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the battery cell assembly is a component in the battery cell 202 where the electrochemical reaction occurs.
  • the casing may contain one or more cell assemblies.
  • the cell assembly is mainly formed by winding or stacking the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet, and usually a separator is provided between the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet.
  • the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet with the active material constitute the main body of the cell assembly, and the parts of the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet without the active material respectively constitute tabs (not shown in the figure).
  • the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab can be located at one end of the main body together or at two ends of the main body respectively.
  • the present application will be described by taking the hot-melt self-tapping screw and the connection structure applied to the battery as an example.
  • the application scenarios of the screws and connection structures provided in this application are obviously not limited to batteries, and the screws do not have to be hot-melt self-tapping screws, and can be applied to any scenario that requires tightness of screw connections.
  • FIG. 3 to 6 schematically illustrate the structure of a screw according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the screw has a head 203 and a threaded rod 208 connected with the head 203 , and an annular protrusion 207 is provided on the surface of the head 203 on one side of the threaded rod 208 .
  • the head 203 is disposed at one end of the threaded rod 208 , and the threaded rod 208 is connected to the lower surface of the head 203 as seen from FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • the head 203 of the screw has a larger outer diameter than the threaded rod 208, and the head 203 is formed thicker, so the head 203 can withstand greater pressure and torque, and is also easy to clamp, and is not easy to slip or fall off.
  • the head 203 has a shielding effect on the periphery of the mounting hole for the threaded rod 208 to be inserted.
  • An external thread is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the threaded rod 208 for matching with an internal thread formed in a mounting hole of the connecting piece when passing through the connecting piece to form a threaded connection.
  • the predetermined position of the connecting piece is heated and melted by the high-speed rotation of the screw, and then the screw penetrates the two connecting pieces (for example, two plates), and one side of the penetrated mounting hole Squeeze the two connecting pieces while flanging the connecting piece around the mounting hole.
  • thread forming is performed in the mounting hole.
  • the annular protrusion 207 can be embedded into the surface of the connected connecting piece during the self-tapping process of the screw, so that the head of the screw can be realized.
  • the tight contact between 203 and the connecting piece can improve the sealing performance.
  • the annular protrusion 207 is arranged around the threaded rod 208, that is to say, the connection position between the threaded rod 208 and the head 203 is inside the annular protrusion 207, and is connected with the annular protrusion. 207 is an interval setting.
  • the annular protrusion 207 has any one of triangular and arc-shaped cross-sections. That is to say, on the section where the central axis of the annular protrusion 207 is located, the cross section of the annular protrusion 207 is arranged to be triangular or arc-shaped.
  • the triangular and arc-shaped cross-section helps the ring-shaped protrusion to embed into the surface of the connecting piece, which is beneficial to improve the sealing performance through close contact.
  • the head 203 has a quincunx-shaped top 204 and a brim portion 205 protruding radially outward compared with the top 204 , and an annular protrusion 207 is disposed on the brim portion. 205.
  • the so-called quincunx-shaped top 204 refers to a shape formed by evenly distributing a plurality of petal-shaped protrusions around a circular central body. Such a shape is suitable for engaging an external driving device to provide a rotational driving force.
  • the number of petal-shaped protrusions is not particularly limited, and can be set arbitrarily as long as the rotational driving force can be transmitted.
  • the brim portion 205 has an outer diameter larger than the maximum outer diameter of the quincunx top 204 and has a certain thickness.
  • the specific dimensions of the outer diameter and thickness can be set or selected according to specific usage scenarios.
  • the head 203 has a brim portion 205 with a larger outer diameter, the contact area between the head 203 of the screw and the connected connecting piece can be increased, so that the annular protrusion 207 can be reliably provided, and it can also be used for coating.
  • the sealant reserves a sufficient position. Furthermore, the brim portion 205 can reliably cover the gap between the screw and the mounting hole, the liquid generated by heat fusion around the mounting hole, the flange after solidification of these liquids, and the like.
  • annular sealant coating on the surface of the head 203 on the side of the threaded rod 208 , there is an annular sealant coating on the radially outer side than the annular protrusion 207 .
  • Applied part 206 on the surface of the head 203 on the side of the threaded rod 208 , there is an annular sealant coating on the radially outer side than the annular protrusion 207 .
  • a sealant may be applied in advance before performing self-tapping mounting.
  • the application timing of the sealant is not limited to this.
  • the sealant applied to the annular sealant application portion 206 overflows and is fully filled in the head portion 203 of the screw and the connecting piece. gaps between the surfaces. Even if the surface flatness and surface roughness of the surface of the connecting piece are not good enough, the small gap between the head 203 of the screw and the surface of the connecting piece can be filled densely by these sealants, so that reliable sealing can be realized.
  • the screw is a hot-melt self-tapping screw, and an annular groove 209 is provided on the radial inner side of the annular protrusion 207 .
  • the annular groove 209 is provided on the radially inner side of the annular protrusion, when the hot-melt self-tapping screw is self-tapping and installed, the melted connector material (such as molten aluminum, molten steel) and the like can enter the annular In the groove, so as to ensure that the screw is in close contact with the mounting surface of the connected connector.
  • sealant can also be coated in the annular groove 209 . In this way, in the installed state, the sealant can fill the small gap between the annular groove 209 and the installation hole, so the sealing performance can be further improved.
  • the sealant application portion 206 radially outside the annular protrusion 207 is coated with sealant, and the sealant is coated in the annular groove 209 in combination, the screw can be greatly improved.
  • the tightness between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole can ensure that no air or liquid will leak from the gap between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole.
  • a second aspect of the present application provides a connection structure.
  • the connecting structure includes a first connecting piece 210, a second connecting piece 211 and a screw connecting the first connecting piece 210 and the second connecting piece 211 together, and the screw is the above-mentioned screw of the present application. Screws provided in the first aspect.
  • first connector 210 and the second connector 211 are shown as plates in the figure, but they are not limited to plates, as long as they can be connected by screws such as hot-melt self-tapping screws, they are applicable.
  • first connecting part 210 may be a water cooling plate in the battery
  • second connecting part may be a profile box such as a battery box.
  • connection structure is particularly suitable for scenarios requiring high sealing performance.
  • connection structure when the connection structure is applied to the above-mentioned connection between the water-cooled plate and the profile box, it can ensure no liquid leakage and no air leakage.
  • the annular protrusion 207 of the screw abuts against one of the first connecting member 210 and the second connecting member 211;
  • the surface of the above-mentioned one of the two connecting parts 211 abutting against the annular protrusion 207 is formed with an annular indentation fitting with the annular protrusion.
  • the annular protrusion 207 abuts against the upper surface of the first connecting member 210 .
  • the sealing performance can be further improved by the cooperation of the annular protrusion 207 and the annular indentation.
  • the head 203 in the connected state, at a radially outer position than the annular protrusion 207 , the head 203 is in contact with the first connecting member 210 and the second connecting member 211 . There is a sealant between the surfaces of one of them (the upper surface of the first connecting piece 210 in FIG. 9 ); and there is also a seal in the annular groove 209 (see FIG. 6 ) which is arranged on the radially inner side than the annular protrusion 207. glue.
  • the sealant application portion 206 radially outside the annular protrusion 207 is coated with sealant, and the sealant is coated in the annular groove 209 in combination, the screw can be greatly improved.
  • the tightness between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole can ensure that no air or liquid will leak from the gap between the screw and the self-tapping mounting hole.
  • the third aspect of the present application provides a battery, which has the screw provided in the first aspect of the present application, or has the connection structure provided in the second aspect of the present application.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides an electrical device, which includes the battery provided in the third aspect of the present application.
  • the hot-melt self-tapping screw is provided with a head 203, and the head includes a quincunx-shaped top 204, a brim part 205, an annular protrusion 207 formed on the lower surface of the brim part, located under the brim part The sealant on the surface of the sealant application part 206 and the threaded rod 208 .
  • the hot-melt self-tapping screws make the threaded rod 208 as the upper plate of the first connecting part 210 and as the bottom of the second connecting part 211 under the drive of special installation equipment.
  • a series of steps such as drilling (piercing), tapping and tightening are completed on the lower layer board, and finally a threaded connection is formed.
  • the annular protrusion 207 on the lower surface of the brim part of the heat-melt self-tapping screw will be embedded in the upper surface of the upper plate as the first connecting piece 210, and the sealant on the sealant application part 206 on the lower surface of the brim part will And the sealant filled in the annular groove 209 can fill the gap between the hot-melt self-tapping screw and the upper plate serving as the first connecting part 210 , improving the reliability of the sealant.

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  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
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Abstract

本申请公开一种螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置。螺钉具有头部（203）和与头部（203）相连的螺纹杆（208），在头部（203）上位于螺纹杆（208）一侧的表面设有环形凸起（207）。在用该螺钉将两连接件连接起来时，螺钉的环形凸起（207）抵接于两连接件中的一者，以形成紧密抵接的结构来实现密封。也可以在头部（203）上比环形凸起（207）靠径向外侧的位置涂敷密封胶，以提高密封性。由此，即使在所连接的连接件的表面平整度不够好的情况下，也能够在提供可靠连接的同时，确实地实现密封。

Description

螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置
本申请要求于2021年11月15日在中国专利局提交的、申请号为202122781892.1、发明名称为“螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及机械连接结构技术领域，特别是涉及螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置。
 背景技术
自攻螺钉、特别是热熔自攻螺钉作为紧固件在机械连接结构中有着非常广泛的应用。热熔自攻螺钉（FDS，Flow Drill Screw）通过螺钉的高速旋转热熔软化待连接板材，并在巨大的轴向压力作用下挤压并旋入待连接板材，最终在板材与螺钉之间形成螺纹连接，而中心孔处的母材则被挤出并在下层板的底部形成一个环状的套管结构。这样的热熔自攻螺钉，例如可用于与型材箱体水冷板的连接、与型材框架的连接中，也可应用于电池中。如何确保这些螺钉的连接密封性至关重要。
 技术问题
本申请的目的在于提供一种能够确保可靠密封性的螺钉、连接结构、电池和用电装置。
 技术解决方案
为了实现上述目的，本申请的第一方面提供一种螺钉，具有头部和与头部相连的螺纹杆，在头部的位于螺纹杆侧的表面上设有环形凸起。
由于头部的位于螺纹杆侧的表面设有环形凸起，因此能够在螺钉自攻过程中，使环形凸起嵌入到所连接的连接件的表面，实现螺钉的头部与连接件的紧密接触，从而能够提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，于所述环形凸起的中心轴所在的截面上，环形凸起具有三角形截面、圆弧形截面中的任意一者。
三角形、圆弧形截面有助于环形凸起嵌入到连接件的表面中，利于通过紧密接触提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，头部具有梅花状顶部和与顶部相比向径向外侧伸出的帽沿部，环形凸起设于帽沿部。
由于头部具有外径更大的帽沿部，因此能够增加螺钉的头部与所连接的连接件之间的接触面积，从而能够可靠地设置环形凸起，还能够为涂敷密封胶预留充分的位置。
在一些实施例中，在头部的位于螺纹杆侧的表面上，在环形凸起的径向外侧具有环形的密封胶涂敷部。
由此，在将螺钉向连接件安装时，随着螺钉向连接件的压入，涂敷于环形的密封胶涂敷部的密封胶溢开而充分填充于螺钉的头部与连接件的表面之间的缝隙。即使连接件的表面的表面平整度、表面粗糙度不够好，也能够实现可靠的密封。
在一些实施例中，所述密封胶涂敷部上涂敷有密封胶。
由此，在螺钉使用时，可以确保密封胶涂敷部涂敷有密封胶，进而保证螺钉的头部与连接件的表面之间的密封性良好。
在一些实施例中，螺钉为热熔自攻螺钉，在环形凸起的径向内侧设有环形槽。
由此，由于在环形凸起的径向内侧设有环形槽，因此在热熔自攻螺钉进行自攻安装时，熔融了的连接件材料等可以进入到环形槽内，从而能够确保螺钉与所连接的连接件的安装面紧密接触。而且，还可以在环形槽内涂布密封胶，由此能够可靠地密封螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙。当设置环形凸起、在环形凸起的径向外侧涂密封胶、在该环形槽内涂密封胶这几个手段组合使用的情况下，能够大幅提高螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的密封性，能够确保不会从螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙漏气或漏液。
在一些实施例中，所述环形槽内涂布有密封胶。
由此，在螺钉使用时，可以确保环形槽内涂布有密封胶，进而可靠地密封螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙。
在一些实施例中，所述环形凸起环绕所述螺纹杆，且所述环形凸起与所述螺纹杆间隔设置。
由此，环形凸起与螺纹杆之间的间隙可以容纳连接件熔融溢出的材料，而且使环形凸起嵌入到所连接的连接件的表面的环形凹痕与螺纹杆间隔开，避免连接件熔融溢出的材料影响环形凸起与环形凹痕间的密封，提升密封性。
本申请的第二方面提供一种连接结构，包括第一连接件、第二连接件和将第一连接件和第二连接件连接在一起的螺钉，其特征在于，螺钉为本申请的第一方面提供的螺钉。
由此，能够提供密封性高的连接结构。这样的连接结构特别适合于对密封性要求高的场景。
在一些实施例中，在连接状态下，螺钉的环形凸起抵接于第一连接件和第二连接件中的一者；在第一连接件和第二连接件中的一者与环形凸起相抵接的表面，形成有与环形凸起相嵌合的环形凹痕。
由于螺钉的环形凸起在自攻过程中使连接件的表面形成环形凹痕，通过环形凸起与环形凹痕的配合能够进一步提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，在连接状态下，在环形凸起的径向外侧，头部与所接触的第一连接件和第二连接件中的一者的表面之间有密封胶。
设置环形凸起、在环形凸起的径向外侧涂密封胶，可以使密封胶溢开而充分填充于头部与头部接触的表面之间的缝隙，实现可靠的密封。
在一些实施例中，在环形凸起的径向内侧的环形槽内设有密封胶。
在安装状态下，环形槽内的密封胶能够填充环形槽与安装孔之间的细小空隙，以提高密封性。另外，当设置环形凸起、在环形凸起的径向外侧涂密封胶、在该环形槽内涂密封胶这几个手段组合使用的情况下，能够大幅提高螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的密封性，能够确保不会从螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙漏气或漏液。
本申请的第三方面提供一种电池，具有本申请第一方面提供的螺钉，或者，具有本申请第二方面提供的连接结构。
由于通过本申请提供的螺钉或连接结构，即使要连接的连接件的表面的平整度不够高，也能够在实现可靠连接的同时大幅提高密封性，因此例如在应用于电池中的型材箱体与水冷板等连接时，能够确保不会出现漏液、漏气等不良情况，从而提高了电池的良品率。
本申请的第四方面提供一种用电装置，其包括本申请第三方面提供的电池。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或示范性技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为示意性示出本申请一实施例的车辆的结构示意图。
图2为示意性示出本申请一实施例的电池箱的结构示意图。
图3为示意性示出本申请一实施例的螺钉的立体结构示意图。
图4为示意性示出本申请一实施例的螺钉的主视示意图。
图5为示意性示出本申请一实施例的螺钉的俯视示意图。
图6为图5中的A-A剖视图。
图7为示意性示出本申请一实施例的连接结构的立体示意图。
图8为示意性示出本申请一实施例的连接结构的俯视示意图。
图9为图8中的B-B剖视图。
附图标记说明：
1000-车辆；100-电池；200-控制器；300-马达；
201-箱体；201a-第一部分；201b-第二部分；202-电池单体；
203-头部；204-梅花状顶部；205-帽沿部；206-密封胶涂敷部；207-环形凸起；208-螺纹杆；209-环形槽；210-第一连接件；211-第二连接件。
 本发明的实施方式
以下，参照附图详细说明本申请的具体实施方式。附图仅用于示出本申请的优选实施例，而不应被认为是对本申请的限制。在整个附图中，用相同的附图标记表示相同的部件或要素。
通过阅读下文关于实施方式的详细描述，本申请的优点和益处对于本领域普通技术人员将变得清楚明了。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本申请的技术方案，因此是示例性的，并不对本申请要求保护的范围构成限定。
需要注意的是，除非另有说明，本文中使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本申请实施例所属领域技术人员所理解的通常意义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，技术术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“长度”、“宽度”、“厚度”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“顶”、“底”“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
此外，在本申请实施例的描述中，“多个”的含义是两个以上，除非另有明确具体的限定。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，技术术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”、“固定”等术语应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；也可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在诸如热熔自攻螺钉等的螺钉中，通常包括螺纹杆和与螺纹杆相连的头部，头部包括一厚实的帽沿部，在帽沿部与螺纹杆的连接处设有一环形槽。厚实的帽沿部能够承受较大的压力和扭矩，并且能够阻挡和容纳拧紧过程中熔融的、特别是在未融穿工件底层时向上流动的铝液或钢液。这样的螺钉由于能够利用环形槽容纳流出的铝液或钢液，因此能够避免流出的铝液或钢液挤压露出帽沿部，造成螺钉与工件间的间隙过大。
这样的螺钉在专用安装设备的驱动下，可在单层或数层一定厚度的铝合金、钢板等板材上完成钻孔（穿刺）、攻丝与拧紧等一系列步骤，最终形成螺纹连接。这样的热熔自攻螺钉例如可以用于连接全铝或“钢-铝”结构的电池组或车身相关部件。
本申请的发明人经过研究发现，在将这样的热熔自攻螺钉应用于电池包中，例如型材箱体与水冷板连接时，由于电池包内部需保证密封性，而热熔自攻螺钉仅依靠头部机械密封受板材平面度影响较大，有可能出现漏气的情况。
针对上述问题，本申请的发明人经研究发明了一种螺钉、使用该螺钉进行连接的连接结构，能够消除上述相关技术中存在的问题，能够在不要求板材平面度提高的情况下，提高密封性。进而，还提供了密封性好的电池和使用该电池的用电装置。
本申请涉及的电池可以是任何电池，例如电池模组和电池包，或者一次电池和二次电池，例如，二次电池包括镍氢电池、镍镉电池、铅酸（或铅蓄）电池、锂离子电池、钠离子电池、聚合物电池等。这种电池适用于各种使用电池的用电设备，例如手机、便携式设备、笔记本电脑、电瓶车、电动玩具、电动工具、电动车辆、船舶和航天器等，例如，航天器包括飞机、火箭、航天飞机和宇宙飞船等；电池用于为上述用电设备提供电能。
应理解，本申请实施例描述的技术方案不仅仅局限适用于上述所描述的电池和用电设备，还可以适用于所有电池以及使用电池的用电设备，但为描述简洁，下述实施例均以电动车辆为例进行说明，但是很显然，本申请实施例涉及的电池的适用场景以及本申请实施例涉及的用电设备均不限于电动汽车。
图1为本申请实施例涉及的车辆1000的结构示意图。如图1所示，车辆1000可以为燃油汽车、燃气汽车或新能源汽车，新能源汽车可以是纯电动汽车、混合动力汽车或增程式汽车等。车辆1000搭载有电池100，电池100可以设置在车辆1000的底部或头部或尾部。电池100可以用于车辆1000的供电，例如，电池100可以作为车辆1000的操作电源。车辆1000还可以包括控制器200和马达300，控制器200用来控制电池100为马达300供电，例如可用于车辆1000的启动、导航和行驶时的工作用电需求等。
在本申请一些实施例中，电池100不仅可以作为车辆1000的操作电源，还可以作为车辆1000的驱动电源，代替或部分地代替燃油或天然气为车辆1000提供驱动动力。
图2为示意性示出了本申请一实施例的电池箱的结构示意图。电池100包括箱体201和电池单体202，电池单体202容纳于箱体201内。其中，箱体201用于为电池单体202提供容纳空间，箱体201可以采用多种结构。在一些实施例中，箱体201可以包括第一部分201a和第二部分201b，第一部分201a与第二部分201b相互盖合，第一部分201a和第二部分201b共同限定出用于容纳电池单体202的容纳空间。第二部分201b可以为一端开口的空心结构，第一部分201a可以为板状结构，第一部分201a盖合于第二部分201b的开口侧，以使第一部分201a与第二部分201b共同限定出容纳空间；第一部分201a和第二部分201b也可以是均为一侧开口的空心结构，第一部分201a的开口侧盖合于第二部分201b的开口侧。当然，第一部分201a和第二部分201b形成的箱体201可以是多种形状，比如，圆柱体、长方体等。
为了满足不同的使用电力需求，电池100可以包括多个电池单体202，电池单体202是指组成电池模组或电池包的最小单元。多个电池单体202可经由电极端子而被串联和/或并联在一起以应用于各种应用场合。本申请中所涉及的电池可以包括电池模组或电池包。其中，多个电池单体202之间可以串联或并联或混联，混联是指串联和并联的混合。本申请的实施例中的电池可以由多个电池单体202直接组成，也可以先组成电池模组，电池模组再组成电池。
在一些实施例中，电池单体202可以为锂离子电池、钠离子电池或镁离子电池等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。电池单体202可呈圆柱体、扁平体、长方体或其它形状等，本申请实施例对此也不限定。电池单体202一般按封装的方式分成三种：柱形电池单体、方体方形电池单体和软包电池单体，本申请实施例对此也不限定。柱形电池单体按照柱面的截面形状，又可以分为圆柱形电池单体、多边棱柱形电池单体等。
另外，电池单体202通常包括端盖、壳体和电芯组件。端盖是指盖合于壳体的开口处以将电池单体202的内部环境隔绝于外部环境的部件。不限地，端盖的形状可以与壳体的形状相适应以配合壳体。可选地，端盖可以由具有一定硬度和强度的材质（如铝合金）制成，这样，端盖在受挤压碰撞时就不易发生形变，使电池单体202能够具备更高的结构强度，安全性能也可以有所提高。端盖上可以设置有如电极端子等功能性部件。电极端子可以用于与电芯组件电连接，以用于输出或输入电池单体202的电能。端盖的材质也可以是多种的，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。在一些实施例中，在端盖的内侧还可以设置有绝缘件，绝缘件可以用于隔离壳体内的电连接部件与端盖，以降低短路的风险。示例性的，绝缘件可以是塑料、橡胶等。
壳体是用于配合端盖以形成电池单体202的内部环境的组件，其中，形成的内部环境可以用于容纳电芯组件、电解液（在图中未示出）以及其他部件。壳体和端盖可以是独立的部件，可以在壳体上设置开口，通过在开口处使端盖盖合开口以形成电池单体的内部环境。不限地，也可以使端盖和壳体一体化，具体地，端盖和壳体可以在其他部件入壳前先形成一个共同的连接面，当需要封装壳体的内部时，再使端盖盖合壳体。壳体可以是多种形状和多种尺寸的，例如长方体形、圆柱体形、六棱柱形等。具体地，壳体的形状可以根据电芯组件的具体形状和尺寸大小来确定。壳体的材质可以是多种，比如，铜、铁、铝、不锈钢、铝合金、塑胶等，本申请实施例对此不作特殊限制。
电芯组件是电池单体202中发生电化学反应的部件。壳体内可以包含一个或多个电芯组件。电芯组件主要由正极片和负极片卷绕或层叠放置形成，并且通常在正极片与负极片之间设有隔膜。正极片和负极片具有活性物质的部分构成电芯组件的主体部，正极片和负极片不具有活性物质的部分各自构成极耳（在图中未示出）。正极极耳和负极极耳可以共同位于主体部的一端或是分别位于主体部的两端。在电池的充放电过程中，正极活性物质和负极活性物质与电解液发生反应，极耳连接电极端子而形成电流回路。
下面，以应用到电池中的热熔自攻螺钉和连接结构为例来说明本申请。但是，本申请提供的螺钉和连接结构的应用场景显然不限于电池，螺钉也不是必须是热熔自攻螺钉，可以应用于任何对螺钉连接有密封性要求的场景。
图3至图6示意性地示出本申请一实施例的螺钉的结构。螺钉具有头部203和与头部203相连的螺纹杆208，在头部203上位于螺纹杆208一侧的表面上设有环形凸起207。
头部203设于螺纹杆208的一端，从图3、图4等来看，螺纹杆208连接于头部203的下表面。螺钉的头部203具有比螺纹杆208大的外径，且头部203形成得较厚，由此头部203能够承受较大的压力和扭矩，也便于夹持，不容易滑动或脱落。而且头部203对供螺纹杆208插入的安装孔周围具有遮挡作用。
在螺纹杆208的外周面设有外螺纹，用于在穿过连接件时与形成于连接件的安装孔中的内螺纹相配合而形成螺纹连接。
在安装该热熔自攻螺钉时，通过螺钉的高速旋转而使连接件的预定位置加热、熔化，随之螺钉穿透两连接件（例如为两板件），在穿透的安装孔中一边对两连接件进行挤压一边使安装孔周围的连接件翻边，与此同时，在安装孔中进行螺纹成型，随着螺钉的旋转，实现了螺钉与安装孔中的螺纹的连接、紧固，从而实现了连接。
在该连接状态，在头部203上位于螺纹杆208一侧的表面（图4中的下表面）形成的环形凸起207被抵接于连接件的表面，与连接件的表面、例如板件的板面紧密接触。
这样，由于头部203的位于螺纹杆208侧的表面设有环形凸起207，因此能够在螺钉自攻过程中，使环形凸起207嵌入到所连接的连接件的表面，实现螺钉的头部203与连接件的紧密接触，从而能够提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，如图6所示，环形凸起207是环绕螺纹杆208设置，也就是说，螺纹杆208与头部203的连接位置处于环形凸起207的内部，并且与环形凸起207是间隔设置。
在一些实施例中，如图6所示，环形凸起207具有三角形、圆弧形截面中的任意一者。也就是说，在环形凸起207的中心轴所在的截面上，环形凸起207的横截面设置呈有三角形或圆弧形。
三角形、圆弧形截面有助于环形凸起嵌入到连接件的表面中，利于通过紧密接触提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，如图4至图6所示，头部203具有梅花状顶部204和与顶部204相比向径向外侧伸出的帽沿部205，环形凸起207设于帽沿部205。
所谓梅花状顶部204，如图3、图5所示，是指在圆形的中心主体周围均匀地分布着多个瓣形突出部而形成的形状。这样的形状适于外部驱动设备卡合而提供旋转驱动力。另外，对于瓣形突出部的数量没有特殊限定，只要能够传递旋转驱动力，可以任意设定。
帽沿部205具有比梅花状顶部204的最大外径还大的外径，并且具有一定的厚度。关于外径、厚度的具体尺寸，可以根据具体使用场景来设定或是选用。
由于头部203具有外径更大的帽沿部205，因此能够增加螺钉的头部203与所连接的连接件之间的接触面积，从而能够可靠地设置环形凸起207，还能够为涂敷密封胶预留充分的位置。而且，还能够通过帽沿部205可靠地覆盖螺钉与安装孔之间的缝隙、安装孔周围的因热熔而产生的液体和这些液体固化后的凸缘等。
在一些实施例中，如图3、图4、图6所示，在头部203的位于螺纹杆208侧的表面，在比环形凸起207靠径向外侧的位置，具有环形的密封胶涂敷部206。
对于该密封胶涂敷部206，例如可以在进行自攻安装前预先涂敷密封胶。但是密封胶的涂敷时机不限于此。
由此，在将螺钉向连接件安装时，随着螺钉向连接件的压入，涂敷于环形的密封胶涂敷部206的密封胶溢开而充分填充于螺钉的头部203与连接件的表面之间的缝隙。即使连接件的表面的表面平整度、表面粗糙度不够好，也能够通过这些密封胶将螺钉的头部203与连接件表面之间的细小空隙填充密实，从而能够实现可靠的密封。
在一些实施例中，如图6所示，螺钉为热熔自攻螺钉，在环形凸起207的径向内侧设有环形槽209。
由此，由于在环形凸起的径向内侧设有环形槽209，因此在热熔自攻螺钉进行自攻安装时，熔融了的连接件材料（例如铝液、钢液）等可以进入到环形槽内，从而能够确保螺钉与所连接的连接件的安装面紧密接触。而且，还可以在环形槽209内涂布密封胶。这样，在安装状态下，密封胶能够填充环形槽209与安装孔之间的细小空隙，因此能够进一步提高密封性。当设置环形凸起207、在环形凸起207的径向外侧的密封胶涂敷部206涂密封胶、在该环形槽209内涂密封胶这几个手段组合使用的情况下，能够大幅提高螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的密封性，能够确保不会从螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙漏气或漏液。
本申请的第二方面提供一种连接结构。如图7至图9所示，连接结构包括第一连接件210、第二连接件211和将第一连接件210和第二连接件211连接在一起的螺钉，该螺钉为上述的本申请的第一方面提供的螺钉。
此处，第一连接件210和第二连接件211在图中作为板件示出，但是并不限定为板件，只要能够用例如热熔自攻螺钉等螺钉进行连接，都可以适用。另外，作为一个具体的例子，第一连接件210可以是电池中的水冷板，第二连接件可以是电池箱等型材箱体。
由此，能够提供密封性高的连接结构。这样的连接结构特别适合于对密封性要求高的场景。例如在将连接结构应用于上述的水冷板与型材箱体的连接时，能够确保不漏液、不漏气。
在一些实施例中，如图9所示，在连接状态下，螺钉的环形凸起207抵接于第一连接件210和第二连接件211中的一者；在第一连接件210和第二连接件211中的上述一者与环形凸起207相抵接的表面，形成有与环形凸起相嵌合的环形凹痕。
在图9所示的例子中，环形凸起207抵接于第一连接件210的上表面。如从图9中可以看出的那样，在第一连接件210的上表面，在与环形凸起207对应的位置具有一凹痕。
由于螺钉的环形凸起207在自攻过程中使第一连接件210的表面形成环形凹痕，通过环形凸起207与环形凹痕的配合能够进一步提高密封性。
在一些实施例中，如图9所示，在连接状态下，在比环形凸起207靠径向外侧的位置，头部203与所接触的第一连接件210和第二连接件211中的一者的表面（图9中为第一连接件210的上表面）之间有密封胶；并且，在设于比环形凸起207靠径向内侧的环形槽209（参见图6）内也有密封胶。
当设置环形凸起207、在环形凸起207的径向外侧的密封胶涂敷部206涂密封胶、在该环形槽209内涂密封胶这几个手段组合使用的情况下，能够大幅提高螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的密封性，能够确保不会从螺钉与自攻安装孔之间的缝隙漏气或漏液。
本申请的第三方面提供一种电池，具有本申请第一方面提供的螺钉，或者，具有本申请第二方面提供的连接结构。
由于通过本申请提供的螺钉或连接结构，即使要连接的连接件的表面的平整度不够高，也能够在实现可靠连接的同时大幅提高密封性，因此例如在应用于电池中的型材箱体与水冷板等连接时，能够确保不会出现漏液、漏气等不良情况，从而提高了电池的良品率。
本申请的第四方面提供一种用电装置，其包括本申请第三方面提供的电池。
由此，能够提供使用可靠性高的电池。
下面，作为示例，对本申请的一个具体实施例进行说明。
如图3至图9所示，热熔自攻螺钉设置有头部203，头部包括梅花形顶部204、帽沿部205、形成于帽沿部下表面的环形凸起207、设于帽沿部下表面的密封胶涂敷部206的密封胶以及螺纹杆208。
在利用这样的热熔自攻螺钉对两板件进行连接时，热熔自攻螺钉在专用安装设备的驱动下使螺纹杆208作为第一连接件210的上层板和作为第二连接件211的下层板上完成钻孔（穿刺）、攻丝与拧紧等一系列步骤，最终形成螺纹连接。
在此过程中，热熔自攻螺钉的帽沿部下表面的环形凸起207会嵌入作为第一连接件210的上层板的上表面，同时帽沿部下表面的密封胶涂敷部206的密封胶和填充于环形槽209中的密封胶能够填充热熔自攻螺钉与作为第一连接件210的上层板之间的缝隙，提升密封胶的可靠性。
以上对本申请的实施方式进行了说明，但是本领域技术人员应当知晓，本申请不限定于上述实施方式。上述实施方式仅为示例，在本申请的技术方案范围内具有与技术思想实质相同的构成、发挥相同作用效果的实施方式均包含在本申请的技术范围内。此外，在不脱离本申请主旨的范围内，对实施方式施加本领域技术人员能够想到的各种变形、将实施方式中的一部分构成要素加以组合而构筑的其它方式也包含在本申请的范围内。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种螺钉，具有头部和与所述头部相连的螺纹杆，其特征在于，在所述头部的位于所述螺纹杆侧的表面上设有环形凸起。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的螺钉，其特征在于，
    于所述环形凸起的中心轴所在的截面上，所述环形凸起具有三角形截面、圆弧形截面中的任意一者。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的螺钉，其特征在于，
    所述头部具有梅花状顶部和与所述顶部相比向径向外侧伸出的帽沿部，所述环形凸起设于所述帽沿部。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2所述的螺钉，其特征在于，
    在所述头部的位于所述螺纹杆侧的表面上，在所述环形凸起的径向外侧具有环形的密封胶涂敷部。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的螺钉，其特征在于，所述密封胶涂敷部上涂敷有密封胶。
  6. 根据权利要求1或2所述的螺钉，其特征在于，
    所述螺钉为热熔自攻螺钉，
    在所述环形凸起的径向内侧设有环形槽。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的螺钉，其特征在于，所述环形槽内涂布有密封胶。
  8. 根据权利要求1或2所述的螺钉，其特征在于，所述环形凸起环绕所述螺纹杆，且所述环形凸起与所述螺纹杆间隔设置。
  9. 一种连接结构，包括第一连接件、第二连接件和将所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件连接在一起的螺钉，其特征在于，
    所述螺钉为权利要求1至8中任一项所述的螺钉。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的连接结构，其特征在于，
    在连接状态下，所述螺钉的所述环形凸起抵接于所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件中的一者；
    在所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件中的所述一者与所述环形凸起相抵接的表面，形成有与所述环形凸起相嵌合的环形凹痕。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的连接结构，其特征在于，
    在连接状态下，在所述环形凸起的径向外侧，所述头部与所接触的所述第一连接件和所述第二连接件中的所述一者的表面之间有密封胶。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的连接结构，其特征在于，
    在所述环形凸起的径向内侧的环形槽内设有密封胶。
  13. 一种电池，其特征在于，具有权利要求1至8中任一项所述的螺钉，或者，具有权利要求9至12中任一项所述的连接结构。
  14. 一种用电装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求13所述的电池。
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