WO2023082700A1 - 换热器及空调机组 - Google Patents

换热器及空调机组 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082700A1
WO2023082700A1 PCT/CN2022/107730 CN2022107730W WO2023082700A1 WO 2023082700 A1 WO2023082700 A1 WO 2023082700A1 CN 2022107730 W CN2022107730 W CN 2022107730W WO 2023082700 A1 WO2023082700 A1 WO 2023082700A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
heat exchanger
exchanger according
pipe
air return
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PCT/CN2022/107730
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
胡海利
陈锦贤
卢杏斌
岳清学
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珠海格力电器股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023082700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082700A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/02—Details of evaporators

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of heat exchange equipment, in particular to a heat exchanger and an air conditioning unit.
  • common mainstream shell and tube evaporators mainly include flooded evaporators, dry evaporators, and falling film evaporators.
  • the falling film evaporator as a new type of high-efficiency energy-saving equipment, is gradually replacing the flooded evaporator with its advantages of small refrigerant charge, small hydrostatic pressure difference, high heat transfer efficiency and convenient oil return.
  • the flooded evaporator in order to improve the heat transfer efficiency of the falling film evaporator, it is necessary to spread the liquid refrigerant evenly outside the heat exchange tube through liquid distributors, liquid equalizing plates and other devices.
  • the disclosure provides a heat exchanger and an air conditioning unit with good liquid distribution effect and high heat exchange efficiency.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a heat exchanger, including:
  • a housing the top of the housing is provided with a liquid inlet and an exhaust port, the bottom of the housing is provided with a liquid outlet, and the inside of the housing is provided with a plurality of falling film areas from the top to the bottom ;
  • a liquid equalizing structure is arranged inside the housing, and there are multiple liquid equalizing structures, and the liquid equalizing structure is arranged in the falling film area;
  • the air return pipe is arranged in the housing, one end of the air return pipe communicates with the exhaust port, and the other end of the air return pipe communicates with the inside of the housing.
  • the air return pipe is located in the middle of the housing.
  • the heat exchanger further includes a heat exchange component disposed between the air return pipe and the housing.
  • the air return pipe includes a plurality of connected pipeline sections, the liquid uniform structure is interposed between two adjacent pipeline sections, and the upstream pipeline section is connected to the uniform fluid structure. There is a first distance between the liquid structures.
  • the liquid equalizing structure includes a connected liquid equalizing plate, and the liquid equalizing plate is located upstream of the pipeline section, or arranged between two adjacent pipeline sections.
  • the uniform liquid structure also includes:
  • the liquid retaining pipe extends into the upstream pipe section, and the liquid retaining pipe has an air return gap with the inner wall of the pipe section; the liquid retaining pipe and the pipe between two adjacent pipe sections The homogeneous plate.
  • the liquid equalizing plate has a plurality of dripping holes, and the sum of the areas of all the dripping holes of the same liquid equalizing plate is greater than the flow area of the liquid inlet.
  • the liquid uniform plate is configured as a rotating body, and the cross-sectional shape of the liquid uniform plate is V-shaped, U-shaped or inclined L-shaped, and the drip hole is located at the center of the liquid uniform plate. lowest point.
  • the dripping holes of two adjacent liquid equalizing plates are arranged in dislocation.
  • the heat exchanger also includes:
  • the liquid baffle is located between the liquid inlet and the liquid uniform plate at the most upstream; the liquid baffle includes a through hole; the air return pipe passes through the through hole, and the liquid baffle is provided with Liquid hole.
  • the distance from the liquid outlet hole to the outer wall of the air return pipe is smaller than the distance from the dripping hole to the outer wall of the air return pipe.
  • the sum of the areas of all the liquid holes is smaller than the area of the liquid inlet.
  • an air return hole is provided on the pipeline section, and the falling film area communicates with the air return gap through the air return hole.
  • the air return gap decreases gradually along the direction from the liquid outlet to the exhaust port.
  • the heat exchange assembly includes a heat exchange coil, the heat exchange coil is arranged around the pipe section and the housing, and the top end of the heat exchange coil forms a water inlet , the bottom end of the heat exchange coil constitutes a water outlet.
  • air return holes are provided on the pipeline section, and all the air return holes are located below the corresponding water outlets of the heat exchange coils.
  • all the heat exchange coils are arranged in series; or, all the heat exchange coils are arranged in parallel.
  • the flow area of the pipeline section gradually decreases; or, the flow area of the downstream pipeline section is larger than that of the upstream pipeline section.
  • the flow area of the pipe segment is not limited
  • the sum of the areas of the dripping holes on the upstream liquid equalizing plate is larger than the sum of the areas of the dripping holes on the downstream liquid equalizing plate.
  • the number of the pipeline sections, the number of the heat exchange components, and the number of the liquid equalizing structures are all two.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides an air conditioner unit, including the heat exchanger provided by any technical solution of the present disclosure.
  • the heat exchanger and air-conditioning unit provided by the present disclosure effectively increase the length of the heat exchange tubes by setting multiple uniform liquid structures and multiple heat exchange components, and adopting a coil structure, thereby increasing the effect of falling film evaporation.
  • the height greatly increases the gravitational potential difference.
  • the structure of the heat exchanger is compact, and the liquid retaining tube can effectively prevent the flow of liquid droplets, further reduce or even avoid the problem of suction of the heat exchanger with liquid, and effectively improve the heat exchanger falling film heat transfer effect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchanger of an embodiment provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a partial schematic diagram of a liquid inlet of a heat exchanger provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a homogenizing plate of an embodiment provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an equalizing plate and a liquid retaining tube provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pipeline section provided by some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a heat exchanger, including a shell 1 , a liquid equalizing structure 8 and a return air pipe 9 .
  • the top of the housing 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 11 and an exhaust port 12
  • the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a liquid outlet 13
  • the inside of the housing 1 is provided with a plurality of falling film regions 14 from the top to the bottom.
  • the liquid equalizing structure 8 is arranged inside the housing 1 , there are multiple liquid equalizing structures 8 , and at least one liquid equalizing structure 8 is arranged in the falling film area 14 .
  • the air return pipe 9 is arranged in the housing 1 , one end of the air return pipe 9 communicates with the exhaust port 12 , and the other end of the air return pipe 9 communicates with the inside of the housing 1 .
  • the liquid equalizing structure 8 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the air return pipe 9 .
  • the liquid refrigerant enters the shell 1 from the liquid inlet 11, and passes through all the liquid uniform structures 8 in sequence, and exchanges heat with the corresponding heat exchange components after passing through each liquid uniform structure 8, and the gaseous refrigerant generated after the heat exchange After entering the air return channel to which the air return pipe 9 belongs, all the gaseous refrigerant is finally discharged through the exhaust port 12 , and the remaining liquid refrigerant is discharged out of the shell 1 through the liquid outlet 13 .
  • the heat exchange effect on the liquid refrigerant is increased, and the pipeline section 3 is arranged inside the heat exchange components 4, so that the heat exchanger has a compact structure, which is beneficial to realize the heat exchange Heater miniaturization.
  • the air return pipe 9 is located in the middle of the casing 1 .
  • the axis of the air return pipe 9 is collinear with the axis of the casing 1 .
  • the heat exchanger further includes a heat exchange assembly 4 disposed between the air return pipe 9 and the casing 1 .
  • the air return pipe 9 includes a plurality of connected pipeline sections 3, a liquid uniform structure 8 is interposed between two adjacent pipeline sections, and a liquid uniform structure 8 is inserted between the upstream pipeline section and the liquid uniform structure 8 The first distance 21.
  • the falling film zone 14 can communicate with the return air passage through the first gap 21, and because the fluid resistance at the first gap 21 is small, the gaseous refrigerant generated by heat exchange in the falling film zone 14 flows along the falling film zone 14 The entire flow field inside flows downwards, and finally flows back into the air return pipe 9 through the first gap 21 .
  • the liquid uniform structure 8 adopts different structures.
  • the liquid equalizing structure 8 located upstream of the most upstream pipeline section 3 includes a liquid equalizing plate 2, as shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the liquid equalizing structure 8 located between two adjacent pipeline sections 3 includes a liquid equalizing plate 2 and a liquid retaining pipe 6 , as shown in FIG. 5 . It will be described in detail below.
  • the liquid equalizing structure 8 between two adjacent pipeline sections 3 includes a liquid equalizing plate 2 and a liquid retaining pipe 6 which are fixedly connected.
  • the equalizing plate 2 is located between the two pipeline sections 3 , the liquid blocking pipe 6 extends into the upstream pipeline section 3 , and there is an air return gap 61 between the liquid blocking pipe 6 and the pipeline section 3 .
  • the liquid blocking pipe 6 blocks the path of the gaseous refrigerant entering the air return pipe 9 to a certain extent, so that the liquid refrigerant in the gaseous refrigerant can be collected by the liquid blocking pipe 6 under the blocking effect of the liquid blocking pipe 6 and flow to the downstream equalizing liquid.
  • Plate 2 in order to reduce the occurrence of the phenomenon of liquid return in the heat exchanger.
  • All the liquid equalizing plates 2 have a plurality of drip holes 22.
  • the sum of the areas of all the dripping holes 22 is greater than the flow area of the liquid inlet 11 .
  • the sum of the areas of all the drip holes 22 on the same liquid equalizing plate 2 is 1.05 to 1.2 times the flow area of the liquid inlet 11.
  • the cross section of the liquid equalizing plate 2 is V-shaped, U-shaped or obliquely L-shaped, and the drip hole 22 is located at the lowest point of the liquid equalizing plate 2 .
  • the shape of the liquid equalizing plate 2 is used to collect the liquid refrigerant in the liquid inlet 11 or the liquid refrigerant dripping from above, so as to improve the liquid equalizing effect of the liquid equalizing plate 2 .
  • the dripping holes 22 of two adjacent liquid equalizing plates 2 are misplaced. That is to say, the axis of the drip hole 22 of the upper liquid equalizing plate 2 and the axis of the dripping hole 22 of the lower liquid equalizing plate 2 are not on the same straight line, so as to realize the collection of the liquid refrigerant by the liquid equalizing plate 2, so that the liquid equalizing plate 2 can collect the liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid output of each drip hole 22 of the liquid plate 2 is basically the same, so as to improve the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger.
  • a liquid baffle 5 is arranged between the liquid equalizing structure 8 and the liquid inlet 11, and the return air channel communicates with the exhaust port 12 through the middle part of the liquid baffle 5, and the liquid baffle 5 is provided with a liquid outlet Hole 51. There are multiple liquid holes 51 .
  • the liquid baffle 5 is used to reduce or even prevent the liquid refrigerant in the liquid inlet 11 from directly impacting the most upstream liquid equalizing structure 8 to affect the liquid equalizing effect of the liquid equalizing structure 8 , and at the same time, the liquid baffle 5 can also distribute the liquid refrigerant to a certain extent , so that each position of the liquid equalizing structure 8 can receive substantially the same liquid refrigerant, thereby further increasing the liquid equalizing effect of the liquid equalizing structure 8 .
  • the distance H1 from the liquid hole 51 to the inner wall of the air return pipe 9 is smaller than the distance H2 from the dripping hole 22 to the outer wall of the air return pipe 9 . That is, on the projection of the housing 1, the projection of the liquid hole 51 is located inside the projection of the drip hole 22, and the refrigerant passing through the liquid hole 51 will not directly drip through the drip hole 22 without passing through the liquid uniform structure 8 The homogenizing effect of the homogenizing structure 8 is improved.
  • the sum of the areas of all the liquid passage holes 51 is smaller than the area of the liquid inlet 11, even if part of the liquid refrigerant is accumulated above the liquid baffle 5, so that all the liquid passage holes 51 are in a full flow state, increasing the uniform distribution of the liquid baffle 5 Effect.
  • a return air hole 31 on the pipeline section 3 there is a return air hole 31 on the pipeline section 3, and the falling film area 14 communicates with the return air gap 61 through the return air hole 31, and the gaseous refrigerant in the falling film area 14 is returned to the return air gap by using the return air hole 31 61 and finally return to the air return pipe 9.
  • the air return gap 61 gradually decreases, that is, the liquid retaining pipe 6 is trumpet-shaped to increase the backflow effect of the liquid refrigerant.
  • the liquid retaining pipe 6 includes a straight pipe section 62 and a diverging section 63
  • the straight pipe section 62 is used to increase the size of the liquid retaining pipe 6
  • the diverging section 63 is used to increase the resistance to fine liquid droplets. collection function.
  • the expanding section 63 is obtained by bending the top edge of the straight pipe section 62 to the outside of the liquid blocking pipe 6 .
  • the cross section of the diverging section 63 is an arc whose center is outside the liquid blocking tube 6 .
  • the diverging section 63 is arc-shaped, and the diverging section 63 of the entire liquid blocking pipe 6 presents a bell mouth.
  • the heat exchange assembly 4 includes a heat exchange coil 41, which is arranged around the pipe section 3 and the shell 1, and the top of the heat exchange coil 41 forms a water inlet 410, and the heat exchange coil 41 The bottom end of the heating coil 41 forms a water outlet 411 .
  • the effective heat exchange length of the heat exchange coil 41 is increased by arranging the heat exchange coil 41 , thereby increasing the heat exchange effect of the heat exchange assembly 4 on the liquid refrigerant.
  • the pipeline section 3 is provided with air return holes 31, and all the air return holes 31 are located below the water outlet 411 of the corresponding heat exchange coil 41, reducing or even avoiding the return of the heat exchange coil 41.
  • the pores 31 interfere to affect the flow of the gaseous refrigerant into the air return pipe 9 .
  • the air return hole 31 is specifically located at the bottom end of the pipeline section 3 . There are multiple air return holes 31 , and each air return hole 31 is distributed along the circumferential direction of the pipeline section 3 . The opening sizes of the air return holes 31 are the same or different.
  • all the heat exchange coils 41 are arranged in series; or, all the heat exchange coils 41 are arranged in parallel.
  • the third distance 7 is not less than 100 mm, so as not to affect the remaining liquid refrigerant.
  • the size of the pipeline section 3 can be appropriately increased to reduce the size of the falling film zone 14, That is, along the direction from the liquid outlet 13 to the exhaust port 12 , the flow area of the pipeline section 3 gradually decreases; or, the flow area of the downstream pipeline section 3 is larger than the flow area of the upstream pipeline section 3 .
  • two adjacent pipeline sections 3 are guided and communicated through corresponding liquid baffles 5 .
  • the sum of the flow areas of the dripping holes 22 on the upstream equalizing liquid plate 2 is larger than that on the downstream Homing Plate 2
  • the sum of the flow areas of the drip holes 22 on the top is 0.6 to 0.9 times the sum of the areas of the dripping holes 22 of the upstream homogenizing plates 2 .
  • the number of pipeline sections 3 , the number of heat exchange components 4 , and the number of liquid equalizing structures 8 are all two.
  • Some embodiments of the present disclosure also provide an air conditioner unit, including the heat exchanger provided by any technical solution of the present disclosure.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Abstract

本公开提供一种换热器及空调机组。换热器包括壳体、均液结构、回气管，所述回气管设置在所述壳体内，所述回气管的一端与所述排气口连通，所述回气管的另一端与所述壳体内部连通，所述均液结构套设在所述回气管外周。本公开提供的换热器及空调机组，通过设置多个均液结构和多个换热组件，并采用盘管结构有效的增加换热管的长度，从而增加降膜蒸发效果，立式壳体大大增加了重力势差。同时由于回气通道设置在换热组件中间，使换热器结构紧凑，挡液管能够有效的阻止液滴流通，进一步避免换热器的吸气带液问题，有效的提升换热器的降膜换热效果。

Description

换热器及空调机组
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请是以CN申请号为202111333014.1，申请日为2021年11月11日的申请为基础，并主张其优先权，该CN申请的公开内容在此作为整体引入本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及换热设备技术领域，特别是一种换热器及空调机组。
背景技术
在制冷领域，常见主流的壳管式蒸发器主要有满液式蒸发器、干式蒸发器、降膜式蒸发器。其中，降膜蒸发器作为一种新型高效节能设备，以其冷媒充注量小、静液压差小、换热效率高以及回油方便等优点正逐渐地取代满液式蒸发器。不同于满液式蒸发器，降膜蒸发器为提高传热效率，就需要通过布液器，均液板等装置使液态冷媒在换热管外铺展均匀。但是由于液滴下落的路径与蒸发后的气态冷媒路径相向，在气态冷媒上升至出气口的过程中，容易夹带液滴至出口导致吸气带液的问题。特别是在卧式降膜式蒸发器小型化设计后变得更加明显。壳体减小使得气体流道进一步缩减，加上竖直方向距离的缩短削弱了重力势差，增加了吸气带液的风险。垂直高度小，降膜不均匀等问题突出。
发明内容
本公开提供一种布液效果好且换热效率高的换热器及空调机组。
本公开一些实施例提供一种换热器，包括：
壳体，所述壳体的顶端设置有进液口和排气口，所述壳体的底端设置有出液口，所述壳体的内部有顶端至底端设置有多个降膜区；
均液结构，设置于所述壳体内部，所述均液结构为多个，所述均液结构设置于所述降膜区内；
回气管，设置于所述壳体内，所述回气管的一端与所述排气口连通，所述回气管的另一端与所述壳体内部连通。
在一些实施例中，所述回气管位于所述壳体的中部。
在一些实施例中，所述换热器还包括换热组件，设置于所述回气管与所述壳体之间。
在一些实施例中，所述回气管包括相连通的多个管路段，相邻的两个所述管路段之间插设有所述均液结构，处于上游的所述管路段与所述均液结构之间具有第一间距。
在一些实施例中，所述均液结构包括相连均液板，均液板位于所述管路段的上游，或者布置于相邻两个所述管路段之间。
在一些实施例中，所述均液结构还包括：
挡液管，伸入处于上游的所述管路段内，所述挡液管与所述管路段的内壁具有回气间隙；所述挡液管与处于相邻两个所述管路段之间的所述均液板。
在一些实施例中，所述均液板有多个滴淋孔，同一个所述均液板的所有所述滴淋孔的面积总和大于所述进液口的流通面积。
在一些实施例中，所述均液板被构造为回转体，且所述均液板的截面形状为V形、U形或斜L形，且所述滴淋孔处于所述均液板的最低点处。
在一些实施例中，相邻两个所述均液板的所述滴淋孔错位设置。
在一些实施例中，换热器还包括：
挡液板，位于所述进液口和处于最上游的所述均液板之间；所述挡液板包括通孔；所述回气管穿过所述通孔，所述挡液板设置有过液孔。
在一些实施例中，所述过液孔到所述回气管的外壁的距离小于所述滴淋孔到所述回气管的外壁的距离。
在一些实施例中，所有所述过液孔的面积总和小于所述进液口的面积。
在一些实施例中，所述管路段上设置有回气孔，所述降膜区通过所述回气孔与所述回气间隙连通。
在一些实施例中，沿所述出液口至所述排气口的方向，所述回气间隙逐渐减小。
在一些实施例中，所述换热组件包括换热盘管，所述换热盘管环绕设置于所述管路段和所述壳体之间，且所述换热盘管的顶端构成进水口，所述换热盘管的底端构成出水口。
在一些实施例中，所述管路段上设置有回气孔，且所有所述回气孔均处于对应的所述换热盘管的出水口的下方。
在一些实施例中，所有的所述换热盘管串联设置；或，所有的所述换热盘管并联 设置。
在一些实施例中，处于最下游的所述管路段的底端与所述出液口之间具有第三间距。
在一些实施例中，沿所述出液口至所述排气口的方向，所述管路段的流通面积逐渐减小；或，处于下游的所述管路段的流通面积大于处于上游的所述管路段的流通面积。
在一些实施例中，处于上游的所述均液板上的所述滴淋孔的面积总和大于处于下游的所述均液板上的所述滴淋孔的面积总和。
在一些实施例中，所述管路段的数量、所述换热组件的数量、所述均液结构的数量均为两个。
本公开实施例还提供一种空调机组，包括本公开任一技术方案所提供的换热器。
本公开提供的换热器及空调机组，通过设置多个均液结构和多个换热组件，并采用盘管结构有效的增加换热管的长度，从而增加降膜蒸发效果，同时利用壳体的高度大大增加了重力势差。同时由于回气通道设置在换热组件中间，使换热器结构紧凑，挡液管能够有效的阻止液滴流通，进一步降低甚至避免换热器的吸气带液问题，有效的提升换热器的降膜换热效果。
附图说明
图1为本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的换热器的结构示意图。
图2为本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的换热器的剖视图。
图3为本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的换热器的进液口处的局部示意图。
图4为本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的均液板的结构示意图。
图5为本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的均液板和挡液管的结构示意图。
图6本公开一些实施例提供的实施例的管路段的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1、壳体；2、均液板；3、管路段；4、换热组件；5、挡液板；6、挡液管；7、第三间距；8、均液结构；9、回气管；
11、进液口；12、排气口；13、出液口；14、降膜区；
21、第一间距；22、滴淋孔；
31、回气孔；
41、换热盘管；411、出水口；
50、通孔；51、过液孔；
61、回气间隙；62、直管段；63、渐扩段；
具体实施方式
为了使本公开的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例对本公开进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用于解释本公开，并不用于限定本公开。
如图1至图6所示，本公开一些实施例提供一种换热器，包括壳体1、均液结构8和回气管9。壳体1的顶端设置有进液口11和排气口12，壳体1的底端设置有出液口13，壳体1的内部有顶端至底端设置有多个降膜区14。均液结构8设置于壳体1内部，均液结构8为多个，降膜区14内至少设置有一个均液结构8。回气管9设置在壳体1内，回气管9的一端与排气口12连通，回气管9的另一端与壳体1内部连通。均液结构8套设在回气管9外周。
液态冷媒由进液口11进入壳体1，并通过依次通过所有均液结构8，并在通过每一个均液结构8后均与对应的换热组件进行热交换，热交换后产生的气态冷媒进入回气管9所属的回气通道内，最终所有气态冷媒通过排气口12排出，而剩余的液态冷媒通过出液口13排出壳体1。通过设置多个均液结构8和多个换热组件4，增加对液态冷媒的换热效果，而且将管路段3设置在换热组件4的内侧，使换热器结构紧凑，有利于实现换热器的小型化。
参见图1和图2，回气管9位于壳体1的中部。在一些实施例中，回气管9的轴线与壳体1的轴线共线。
参见图1和图2，换热器还包括换热组件4，换热组件4设置于回气管9与壳体1之间。
参见图1和图2，回气管9包括相连通的多个管路段3，相邻的两个管路段之间插设有均液结构8，处于上游的管路段与均液结构8之间具有第一间距21。通过第一间距21使得降膜区14能够与回气通道连通，而且因为第一间距21处的流体阻力较小，使得该降膜区14内换热产生的气态冷媒顺着该降膜区14内的整体流场向下流动，最终通过第一间距21回流至回气管9内。
根据设置位置的不同，均液结构8采用不同的结构。在一些实施例中，位于最上 游的管路段3的上游的均液结构8包括均液板2，如图4所示。而位于相邻两个管路段3之间的均液结构8则包括均液板2和挡液管6，如图5所示。下面将详细介绍。
处于相邻的两个管路段3之间的均液结构8包括固定相连的均液板2和挡液管6。均液板2位于两个管路段3之间，挡液管6伸入处于上游的管路段3内，挡液管6与管路段3之间具有回气间隙61。挡液管6对气态冷媒进入回气管9的路径进行一定程度的遮挡，使得气态冷媒中的液态冷媒能够在挡液管6的阻挡作用下被挡液管6收集而流至处于下游的均液板2上，以减少换热器的回气带液现象的发生。
所有的均液板2均有多个滴淋孔22，在同一均液板2上(比如为最上游的均液板2)，所有滴淋孔22的面积总和大于进液口11的流通面积。在一些实施例中，同一均液板2上的所有滴淋孔22的面积总和为进液口11的流通面积的1.05倍至1.2倍，采用上述参数范围，有效减少了液态冷媒在均液板2上的堆积现象，提高了换热器的换热效果。
参见图4和图5，均液板2的截面为V形、U形或斜L形，且滴淋孔22处于均液板2的最低点处。利用均液板2的形状对进液口11的液态冷媒或上方滴落的液态冷媒进行收集，提高均液板2的均液效果。
相邻两个均液板2的滴淋孔22错位设置。也即处于上方的均液板2的滴淋孔22的轴线与处于下方的均液板2的滴淋孔22的轴线不在同一直线上，从而实现均液板2对液态冷媒的收集，使得均液板2的每个滴淋孔22的出液量基本上相同，以提高换热器的换热效果。
参见图1和图2，均液结构8和进液口11之间设置有挡液板5，回气通道通过挡液板5的中部与排气口12连通，挡液板5设置有过液孔51。过液孔51的数量为多个。利用挡液板5降低甚至避免进液口11的液态冷媒直接冲击最上游的均液结构8而影响均液结构8的均液效果，同时挡液板5也能够对液态冷媒进行一定程度的分配，使得均液结构8的各个位置能够接收到的液态冷媒基本上相同，从而进一步增加均液结构8的均液效果。
参见图2，过液孔51到回气管9的内壁的距离H1小于滴淋孔22到回气管9的外壁的距离H2。也即在壳体1的投影上，过液孔51的投影位于滴淋孔22的投影的内部，经过过液孔51的冷媒不会直接通过滴淋孔22滴落而不通过均液结构8的均液，改善均液结构8的均液效果。
所有过液孔51的面积总和小于进液口11的面积，也即使挡液板5的上方堆积部 分液态冷媒，从而使所有过液孔51均处于满流状态，增加挡液板5的均匀分配效果。
参见图1和图2，管路段3上设置有回气孔31，降膜区14通过回气孔31与回气间隙61连通，利用回气孔31使降膜区14内的气态冷媒回流至回气间隙61并最终回流至回气管9内。
参见图1和图2，沿出液口13至排气口12的方向，回气间隙61逐渐减小，也即挡液管6呈喇叭状，以增加液态冷媒的回流效果。
参见图1和图2，在一些实施例中，挡液管6包括直管段62和渐扩段63，利用直管段62增加挡液管6的尺寸，并利用渐扩段63增加对细小液滴的收集作用。渐扩段63通过将直管段62的顶端边沿向挡液管6的外部弯折获得的。
在一些实施例中，渐扩段63的截面为圆心处于挡液管6外部的弧形。渐扩段63是弧形的，且整个挡液管6的渐扩段63呈现为喇叭口。
参见图1和图2，换热组件4包括换热盘管41，换热盘管41环绕设置于管路段3和壳体1之间，且换热盘管41的顶端构成进水口410，换热盘管41的底端构成出水口411。通过设置换热盘管41增加换热盘管41的有效换热长度，从而增加换热组件4对液态冷媒的换热效果。
参见图1、图2和图6，管路段3设置有回气孔31，且所有回气孔31均处于对应的换热盘管41的出水口411的下方，降低甚至避免换热盘管41对回气孔31产生干涉而影响气态冷媒流入回气管9内。回气孔31具体位于管路段3的底端。回气孔31设置有多个，各个回气孔31沿着管路段3的周向分散设置。各个回气孔31的开口尺寸相同或者不同。
参见图1和图2，所有换热盘管41串联设置；或，所有换热盘管41并联设置。
参见图1和图2，处于最下游的管路段3的底端与出液口13之间具有第三间距7。在一些实施例中，第三间距7不小于100mm，以免对剩余的液态冷媒产生影响。
在换热过程中，随着液态冷媒的逐渐减小，所需求的降膜区14的空间也逐渐减小，因此，可以适当的增加管路段3的尺寸以减小降膜区14的尺寸，也即沿出液口13至排气口12的方向，管路段3的流通面积逐渐减小；或，处于下游的管路段3的流通面积大于处于上游的管路段3的流通面积。其中相邻两个管路段3之间通过对应的挡液板5进行导向连通。
在换热过程中，随着液态冷媒的逐渐减小，为了使得每层均液板2的均液效果满足要求，处于上游的均液板2上的滴淋孔22的流通面积总和大于处于下游的均液板2
上的滴淋孔22的流通面积总和。在一些实施例中，处于下游的均液板2的滴淋孔22的面积总和为处于上游的均液板2的滴淋孔22的面积总和的0.6倍至0.9倍。
在一些实施例中，管路段3的数量、换热组件4的数量、均液结构8的数量均为两个。
本公开一些实施例还提供一种空调机组，包括本公开任一技术方案所提供的换热器。
在本公开的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开保护范围的限制。
最后应当说明的是:以上实施例仅用以说明本公开的技术方案而非对其限制；尽管参照较佳实施例对本公开进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解：依然可以对本公开的具体实施方式进行修改或者对部分技术特征进行等同替换；而不脱离本公开技术方案的精神，其均应涵盖在本公开请求保护的技术方案范围当中。

Claims (22)

  1. 一种换热器，包括：
    壳体(1)，所述壳体(1)的顶端设置有进液口(11)和排气口(12)，所述壳体(1)的底端设置有出液口(13)，所述壳体(1)的内部由顶端至底端设置有多个降膜区(14)；
    均液结构(8)，设置在所述壳体(1)内部；所述均液结构(8)设置于所述降膜区(14)内；
    回气管(9)，设置于所述壳体(1)内，所述回气管(9)的一端与所述排气口(12)连通，所述回气管(9)的另一端与所述壳体(1)内部连通。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的换热器，其中：所述回气管(9)位于所述壳体(1)的中部。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的换热器，还包括：
    换热组件(4)，设置于所述回气管(9)与所述壳体(1)之间。
  4. 根据权利要求1～3任一所述的换热器，其中：所述回气管(9)包括：
    相连通的多个管路段(3)，相邻的两个所述管路段(3)之间插设有所述均液结构(8)，处于上游的所述管路段(3)与所述均液结构(8)具有第一间距(21)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的换热器，其中：所述均液结构(8)包括：
    均液板(2)，位于所述管路段(3)的上游，或者布置于相邻两个所述管路段(3)之间。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的换热器，其中：所述均液结构(8)还包括：
    挡液管(6)，伸入处于上游的所述管路段(3)内，所述挡液管(6)与所述管路段(3)的内壁具有回气间隙(61)；所述挡液管(6)与处于相邻两个所述管路段(3)之间的所述均液板(2)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求5或者6所述的换热器，其特征在于：所述均液板(2)有多个滴淋孔(22)；同一个所述均液板(2)的所有所述滴淋孔(22)的面积总和大于所述进液口(11)的流通面积。
  8. 根据权利要求5～7任一所述的换热器，其中：所述均液板(2)被构造为回转体，且所述均液板(2)的截面形状为V形、U形或斜L形，且所述滴淋孔(22)处于所述均液板(2)的最低点处。
  9. 根据权利要求5～8任一所述的换热器，其中：相邻两个所述均液板(2)的所述滴淋孔(22)错位设置。
  10. 根据权利要求6～8任一所述的换热器，还包括：
    挡液板(5)，位于所述进液口(11)和处于最上游的所述均液板(2)之间；所述挡液板(5)包括通孔(50)；所述回气管(9)穿过所述通孔(50)，所述挡液板(5)设置有过液孔(51)。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的换热器，其中：所述过液孔(51)和所述回气管(9)的外壁的距离小于所述滴淋孔(22)和所述回气管(9)的外壁的距离。
  12. 根据权利要求10或者11所述的换热器，其中：所有所述过液孔(51)的流通面积总和小于所述进液口(11)的面积。
  13. 根据权利要求6所述的换热器，其中：所述管路段(3)设置有回气孔(31)，所述降膜区(14)通过所述回气孔(31)与所述回气间隙(61)连通。
  14. 根据权利要求6、10～13任一所述的换热器，其中：沿所述出液口(13)至所述排气口(12)的方向，所述回气间隙(61)逐渐减小。
  15. 根据权利要求4～14任一所述的换热器，其中：所述换热组件(4)包括：
    换热盘管(41)，环绕于所述管路段(3)的周向外侧。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的换热器，其中：所述管路段(3)设置有回气孔(31)，且所有所述回气孔(31)均处于对应的所述换热盘管(41)的出水口(411)的下方。
  17. 根据权利要求15或者16所述的换热器，其中：所有的所述换热盘管(41)串联设置；或，所有的所述换热盘管(41)并联设置。
  18. 根据权利要求5～14任一所述的换热器，其中：处于最下游的所述管路段(3)的底端与所述出液口(13)之间具有第三间距(7)。
  19. 根据权利要求5～14任一所述的换热器，其中：沿所述出液口(13)至所述排气口(12)的方向，所述管路段(3)的流通面积逐渐减小；或，处于下游的所述管路段(3)的流通面积大于处于上游的所述管路段(3)的流通面积。
  20. 根据权利要求7所述的换热器，其中：处于上游的所述均液板(2)的所述滴淋孔(22)的流通面积总和大于处于下游的所述均液板(2)的所述滴淋孔(22)的流通面积总和。
  21. 根据权利要求5～14任一所述的换热器，其中：所述管路段(3)的数量、所述换热组件(4)的数量、所述均液结构(8)的数量均为两个。
  22. 一种空调机组，其中：包括权利要求1至21中任一项所述的换热器。
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