WO2023082666A1 - 光源和激光投影设备 - Google Patents

光源和激光投影设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082666A1
WO2023082666A1 PCT/CN2022/103190 CN2022103190W WO2023082666A1 WO 2023082666 A1 WO2023082666 A1 WO 2023082666A1 CN 2022103190 W CN2022103190 W CN 2022103190W WO 2023082666 A1 WO2023082666 A1 WO 2023082666A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
laser
light
row
chips
laser chip
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/103190
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
颜珂
李巍
田有良
Original Assignee
青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Priority claimed from CN202111320370.XA external-priority patent/CN116107140A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111662936.7A external-priority patent/CN116413985A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202111662949.4A external-priority patent/CN116413986A/zh
Application filed by 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司 filed Critical 青岛海信激光显示股份有限公司
Priority to CN202280074829.9A priority Critical patent/CN118202302A/zh
Publication of WO2023082666A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082666A1/zh
Priority to US18/468,599 priority patent/US20240004278A1/en

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2033LED or laser light sources
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2006Lamp housings characterised by the light source
    • G03B21/2013Plural light sources
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • G03B21/2066Reflectors in illumination beam
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B21/00Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
    • G03B21/14Details
    • G03B21/20Lamp housings
    • G03B21/208Homogenising, shaping of the illumination light

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of projection display, in particular to a light source and laser projection equipment.
  • Laser projection display technology is a new type of projection display technology on the market. Compared with light-emitting diode (light-emitting diode, which can be abbreviated as LED) projection products, laser projection display technology has the characteristics of clearer imaging, more vivid colors, and higher brightness. A mainstream development direction.
  • LED light-emitting diode
  • some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a light source, including a laser array, and the laser array includes: a substrate, and a first row of laser chips and a second row of laser chips arranged on the substrate, the first row
  • the laser chips include at least one first-color laser chip and at least one second-color laser chip
  • the second row of laser chips includes at least two red laser chips.
  • the center wavelength of each red laser chip in the second row of laser chips increases sequentially.
  • a laser projection device including a light source, an optical engine, and a lens.
  • the light source is the above-mentioned light source, and the light source is configured to emit a laser beam.
  • the optical machine is configured to modulate the light beam incident to the optical machine according to the image signal to obtain a projected light beam.
  • the lens is configured to project the light beam incident on the lens to form a projected image.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a laser projection device according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a light source, an optical engine and a lens in a laser projection device according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a light source according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of a laser array in the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of another laser array in the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of another laser array in the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the laser array of the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 9A is a structure diagram of a light spot of a light beam emitted by a combination lens group according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 9B is a structural diagram of a light spot formed by the light beam transmitted by the shaping lens group.
  • Fig. 10A is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 10B is a top view of the light source shown in Fig. 10A.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a beam passing through a lens with a cylindrical arc surface.
  • Figure 12A is a block diagram of a light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 12B is a top view of the light source shown in Fig. 12A.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group passing through the first cylindrical lens.
  • Fig. 14 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 16A is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 16B is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 17 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 18 is a structural diagram of a laser array and a first polarization angle conversion unit in the light source shown in FIG. 17 .
  • Fig. 19 is a structural diagram of a light source according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser array, a first polarization angle conversion unit and a second polarization angle conversion unit in the light source shown in FIG. 19 .
  • Figure 21 is a block diagram of a laser array according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of a laser array, a first polarization angle conversion unit and a second polarization angle conversion unit according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 23 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a laser projection device according to some embodiments.
  • a laser projection device 1 includes a light source 10 , an optical engine 20 and a lens 30 .
  • the laser projection device 1 may further include a housing 40 (only part of the housing 40 is shown in FIG. 1 ).
  • the light source 10 is configured to provide an illumination beam (laser beam).
  • the optical machine 20 is configured to use an image signal to modulate the illumination beam provided by the light source 10 to obtain a projection beam.
  • the lens 30 is configured to project the projection light beam on a screen or a wall to form a projection picture.
  • the light source 10 , the light engine 20 and the lens 30 can be assembled in the casing 40 .
  • the light source 10, the optical engine 20 and the lens 30 may be connected in sequence along the beam propagation direction.
  • the light source 10 , the light engine 20 and the lens 30 can be respectively wrapped by corresponding housings.
  • the housings corresponding to the light source 10 , the light engine 20 and the lens 30 can support the corresponding optical components and make the optical components meet certain sealing or airtight requirements.
  • the light source 10 is hermetically sealed through its corresponding housing, so that the problem of light attenuation of the light source 10 can be improved.
  • One end of the optical machine 20 is connected to the lens 30 , and the optical machine 20 and the lens 30 are arranged along the outgoing direction of the projection beam of the laser projection device 1 (for example, parallel to the N direction).
  • the other end of the optical machine 20 can be connected with the light source 10 .
  • the arrangement direction of the light source 10 and the optical machine 20 is approximately perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the optical machine 20 and the lens 30, that is, in the laser projection device 1, the emission direction of the projected light beam (for example, parallel to the N direction) and the illumination direction
  • the outgoing direction of the light beam (for example, parallel to the M direction) is approximately vertical.
  • this connection structure can adapt to the characteristics of the optical path of the reflective light valve (to be described below) in the optical machine 20, and on the other hand, it is also beneficial to shorten the length of the optical path in one direction, so that more space can be provided.
  • the components of the laser projection device 1 are arranged.
  • Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a light source, an optical engine and a lens in a laser projection device according to some embodiments.
  • the illumination beam emitted by the light source 10 enters the light machine 20 .
  • the light machine 20 includes a first homogenizing component 210 , a mirror 220 , a lens 230 , a light valve 240 and a prism assembly 250 .
  • the light valve 240 is configured to modulate the illumination beam incident thereon into a projection beam according to an image signal, and direct the projection beam to the lens 30 .
  • the first homogenizing component 210 and the light valve 240 are arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam.
  • the first homogenization component 210 is configured to homogenize the illuminating light beam incident thereinto and direct it to the light valve 240 .
  • the first light homogenizing component 210 is a light pipe.
  • the light guide receives the illumination beam provided by the light source 10 and homogenizes the illumination beam.
  • the light outlet of the light pipe is rectangular, so that the light pipe can shape the light spot of the light beam.
  • Light valve 240 may be a reflective light valve.
  • the light valve 240 includes a plurality of reflective sheets, and each reflective sheet corresponds to a pixel in the projected image.
  • the reflective sheet corresponding to the pixel to be displayed in a bright state can reflect the light beam to the lens 30, and the light beam reflected to the lens 30 is called Projection beam.
  • the light valve 240 can modulate the illuminating light beam to obtain the projection light beam, and realize the display of the picture through the projection light beam.
  • the light valve 240 is a digital micromirror device (digital micromirror device, DMD).
  • DMD digital micromirror device
  • a digital micromirror device includes a plurality (for example, tens of thousands) of tiny mirrors that can be individually driven to rotate.
  • a plurality of tiny reflective mirrors can be arranged in an array.
  • One tiny mirror for example, each tiny mirror corresponds to one pixel in the projected picture to be displayed.
  • Image signals can be converted into digital codes such as 0 and 1 after processing, and the tiny mirrors can swing in response to these digital codes. Controlling the duration of each tiny reflective mirror in the on state and the off state respectively, to realize the gray scale of each pixel in a frame of image. In this way, the digital micromirror device can modulate the illumination light beam, and then realize the display of the projected picture.
  • the laser projection device 1 may further include an illumination mirror group located between the light valve 240 and the first uniform light component 210 , the illumination mirror group includes a reflector 220 , a lens 230 and a prism assembly 250.
  • the light beam homogenized by the first light homogenizing component 210 can be directed to the light valve 240 through the illuminating mirror group.
  • the illuminating light beam emitted from the first homogenizing component 210 is directed to the reflector 220 , and the reflective mirror 220 reflects the illuminating light beam directed thereto to the convex lens 230 .
  • the convex lens 230 converges the illuminating light beam incident thereto to the prism assembly 250 , and the prism assembly 250 reflects the illuminating beam incident thereto to the light valve 240 .
  • the light source may be the light source of any one of the above-mentioned laser projection devices. Certainly, the light source may also be a light source in other devices, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of a light source according to some embodiments
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a laser array in the light source shown in Fig. 3 .
  • the light source 10 includes a laser array 110 and a combination lens group 120 .
  • the laser array 110 includes a substrate 113 and a plurality of laser chips disposed on the substrate 113 .
  • multiple (for example, all) laser chips may be distributed in an array.
  • a plurality of laser chips form the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 . It can also be said that the laser array 110 includes the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the direction in which the first row of laser chips 111 points to the second row of laser chips 112 is taken as the first direction X
  • the arrangement direction of each laser chip in the first row of laser chips 111 is taken as the second direction Y
  • the light emitting direction of each laser chip is taken as the third direction Z.
  • the row direction of the first row of laser chips 111 is parallel to the row direction of the second row of laser chips 112, all parallel to the row direction (for example, the second direction Y) of the laser chip array; the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips
  • the arrangement direction of the chips 112 is parallel to the column direction (for example, the first direction X) of the laser chip array.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 includes at least one first-color laser chip 111a and at least one second-color laser chip 111b.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 includes at least two red laser chips 112a.
  • the red laser chip 112a is configured to emit a red laser beam.
  • the first-color laser chip 111a is configured to emit a first-color laser beam
  • the second-color laser chip 111b is configured to emit a second-color laser beam
  • the first-color laser beam and the second-color laser beam have different colors.
  • one of the first color laser chip 111a and the second color laser chip 111b is a blue laser chip configured to emit a blue laser beam
  • the other is a green laser chip configured to emit Green laser beam.
  • the number of red laser chips 112a is greater than the number of first-color laser chips 111a, and also larger than the number of second-color laser chips 111b.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 does not include the red laser chip 112a
  • the second row of laser chips 112 does not include the first color laser chip 111a and the second color laser chip 111b.
  • the number of laser chips in the first row of laser chips 111 is the same as the number of laser chips in the second row of laser chips 112, that is, the number of red laser chips 112a is equal to the number of the first color laser chips 111a and the number of the second color laser chips 111b. sum of quantities.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 in the laser array 110 both include 7 laser chips.
  • the divergence of the red laser beam is larger than that of the blue laser beam and the green laser beam, so the light loss rate of the red laser beam is greater than that of the blue laser beam and the green laser beam.
  • the laser projection device performs image projection, in order to achieve a predetermined white balance, more red laser components are required.
  • some embodiments provide a light source with more red laser chips than blue laser chips or green laser chips, thereby providing more red laser beams.
  • the speckle effect means that two laser beams emitted by a coherent light source illuminate an optically rough surface (that is, a surface whose average fluctuation is greater than the order of magnitude of the wavelength), such as a screen used to receive beams emitted by laser projection equipment, due to the large number of irregularly distributed surfaces on the surface
  • the scattered wavelets are coherently superimposed, and the two laser beams interfere in space, resulting in a reflected light field with random spatial light intensity distribution, presenting a granular structure, and finally granular light and dark spots appear on the screen . These spots may be referred to as laser speckles.
  • two adjacent laser chips that emit laser light with the same wavelength and constant phase can be two coherent light sources, and these two coherent light sources may cause speckle effects.
  • speckle effect makes the display effect of the projection screen poor, and these unfocused spots that alternate between light and dark appear to the human eye in a flickering state, which is prone to dizziness when viewed for a long time, making the user's viewing experience poor.
  • the central wavelength of each red laser chip 112a in the second row of laser chips 112 increases sequentially.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 has a first edge area EA1 and a second edge area EA2 .
  • a red laser chip 112a is arranged in an edge region. And, among the red laser chips 112a arranged along the row direction in the second row of laser chips 112, one of the two outermost red laser chips 112a is located in the first edge area, and the other is located in the second edge area. area.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 also has a first central area CA1.
  • the number V of red laser chips 112a in the second row of laser chips 112 is an odd number.
  • the (V+1)/2th red laser chip 112a is located at In the first central area CA1.
  • a plurality of red laser chips 112a may also be arranged in the first central area CA1, and the plurality of red laser chips 112a are arranged symmetrically with respect to the (V+1)/2th red laser chip 112a.
  • the number V of red laser chips 112a in the second row of laser chips 112 is an even number.
  • the V red laser chips 112a are located in the first central area CA1.
  • a plurality of red laser chips 112a may also be arranged in the first central area CA1, and the plurality of red laser chips 112a are related to the whole formed by the V/2th and V/2+1th red laser chips 112a Symmetrical setting.
  • the central wavelength of the laser chip refers to the central wavelength of the laser light emitted by the laser chip when the laser chip is working normally.
  • the central wavelength of the red laser chip refers to the central wavelength of the red laser light emitted by the red laser chip when it works normally.
  • each red laser chip The central wavelength of 112a increases sequentially.
  • the central wavelengths of the red laser light emitted by the two are different, so the two are not coherent light sources, and it is difficult to interfere.
  • the speckle effect when the laser projection device performs projection display can be improved, the display effect of the projected picture can be improved, and the problem of dizziness caused by human eyes watching the projected picture can be improved.
  • the red laser chip 112a that emits red laser light with a shorter center wavelength is sensitive to temperature changes and generates a large amount of heat. Based on this, the red laser chip 112a emitting with a shorter central wavelength is arranged at the edge of the second row of laser chips. In this way, the heat emitted by the red laser chip 112a can be effectively dissipated to the external environment, reducing the impact on other red laser chips 112a.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 includes at least one first red laser chip a1 located in the first central area CA1, and at least two second red laser chips a1 located on both sides of the at least one first red laser chip a1.
  • one side of the at least one first red laser chip a1 is provided with at least one second red laser chip a2, and the other side is also provided with at least one second red laser chip chip a2.
  • the at least one first red laser chip a1 has a first central wavelength.
  • the center wavelengths of the two second red laser chips a2 at the same distance from the central area CA1 are equal. In this way, in the second row of laser chips 112, the distribution of the central wavelengths of the red laser chips 112a is more regular, which can improve the display effect of the projection screen of the laser projection device.
  • the distance between the second red laser chip a2 and the central area CA1 may be the distance between the center of the second red laser chip a2 and the center of the central area CA1.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 includes four second red laser chips a2, such as two second red laser chips a21 and two second red laser chips a22.
  • the distances between the two second red laser chips a21 and the central region CA1 are equal, and the central wavelengths of the two second red laser chips a21 are equal, for example, both are 639 nm.
  • the distances between the two second red laser chips a22 and the central area CA1 are equal, and the central wavelengths of the two second red laser chips a22 are equal, for example, both are 643 nm.
  • the first color laser chip 111 a is a blue laser chip.
  • the second color laser chip 111b is a green laser chip.
  • at least one first-color laser chip 111 a is disposed in two edge regions (for example, the third edge region EA3 and the second edge region EA4 ) of the first row of laser chips 111 . That is, among one end of the first row of laser chips 111 along the row direction, the outermost laser chip is a blue laser chip.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 may have a third edge area EA3 and a fourth edge area EA4 .
  • the edge area of the first row of laser chips 111 is similar to the edge area of the second row of lasers 112 , and reference may be made to the above description of the edge area of the second row of laser chips 112 , which will not be repeated here.
  • the laser beam emitted by the laser chip diverges during propagation, and the optical lens in the light source (such as the light combining lens group 120) has a certain angle range for receiving the beam, which makes the edge of the first row of laser chips 111
  • the loss of the laser beam emitted by one or more laser chips is high.
  • the luminous power of the blue laser chip is higher than that of the green laser chip and the red laser chip. Exemplarily, the luminous power of the red laser chip is 24W-56W, the luminous power of the blue laser chip is 48W-115W, and the luminous power of the green laser chip is 12W-28W.
  • the luminous power of the red laser chip is 48W
  • the luminous power of the blue laser chip is 82W
  • the luminous power of the green laser chip is 24W. Based on this, when the blue laser chips are arranged on the edge of the first row of laser chips 111 , the overall luminous efficiency of the laser array 110 can be higher.
  • the first color laser chips 111 a are disposed in both edge regions of the first row of laser chips 111 . Moreover, at least one first-color laser chip 111a is arranged between the two first-color laser chips 111a respectively located in the two edge regions, and the at least one first-color laser chip 111a is arranged between the two second-color laser chips. 111b between.
  • a plurality of first color laser chips 111a (and a plurality of second color laser chips 111b can be arranged alternately, which can improve the uniformity of the light beams of the blue laser beam, green laser beam and red laser beam after being combined by light combining mirrors) It can improve the display quality of the projection screen of the laser projection equipment.
  • the number of the second-color laser chips 111b in the first row of laser chips 111 is greater than the number of the first-color laser chips 111a.
  • the size of the laser array 110 is small, the number of blue laser chips with higher luminous power can be reduced. In this way, the number of laser chips in the laser array 110 can be reduced without affecting the luminous effect of the laser array 110 .
  • the number of red laser chips 112a is seven.
  • the number of the first color laser chips 111a is three, and the number of the second color laser chips 111b is four.
  • the number of red laser chips 112a is greater than that of the first color laser chips 111a and greater than that of the second color laser chips 111b, which can meet the requirement of more red laser components of the laser projection device.
  • the number of the second-color laser chips 111b is greater than the number of the first-color laser chips 111a, so that the number of laser chips in the laser array 110 can be reduced without affecting the light emitting effect of the laser array 110.
  • FIG. 5 is a top view of another laser array in the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the laser array 110 further includes three first conductive pins 114 a and one second conductive pin 114 b disposed on the substrate 113 .
  • the three first conductive pins 114a are respectively connected to the first ends of the multiple red laser chips 112a connected in series, the first ends of the multiple first color laser chips 111a connected in series, and the first ends of the multiple connected second color laser chips 111b connected in series. Connected at one end.
  • the second conductive pin 114b is connected to the second end of the series-connected multiple red laser chips 112a, the series-connected multiple first-color laser chips 111a and the serial-connected multiple second-color laser chips 111b.
  • one of the first conductive pin 114a (for example, each first conductive pin 114a ) and the second conductive pin 114b is a positive pin, and the other is a negative pin.
  • the multiple laser chips connected in series have a first end and a second end. A certain voltage can be applied to the first terminal and the second terminal respectively, so that the multiple laser chips connected in series can work simultaneously.
  • the first end and the second end of the multiple laser chips connected in series may be respectively connected to the first conductive pin 114a and the second conductive pin 114b.
  • voltages can be respectively applied to the first end and the second end of the multiple laser chips in series, which can make the multiple laser chips in series
  • the laser chip works.
  • the first conductive pin 114a and the second conductive pin 114b are also connected to a circuit board (not shown in the figure) in the laser projection device, so that the first conductive pin 114a and the second conductive pin 114b can be connected through the circuit board. Electrical signals are written into the second conductive pin 114b.
  • the first conductive pin 114a is a positive pin
  • the second conductive pin 114b is a negative pin
  • the multiple red laser chips 112a connected in series, the multiple first color laser chips 111a connected in series and the multiple second color laser chips 111b connected in series share one negative pin.
  • the first conductive pin 114a is a negative pin
  • the second conductive pin 114b is a positive pin.
  • the multiple red laser chips 112a connected in series, the multiple first color laser chips 111a connected in series and the multiple second color laser chips 111b connected in series share one anode pin. In this way, in the laser array 110 , by sharing the anode pin or the cathode pin, the manufacturing cost of the laser array can be reduced, and the packaging process of the laser array can be simplified.
  • the laser array 110 is a multi-chip laser diode (MCL) component, that is, multiple laser chips are packaged on a substrate to form a surface light source output.
  • MCL multi-chip laser diode
  • the distance d between two adjacent laser chips is at least 3mm, such as 1.3mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2, 5mm or 3.0mm. In this way, the distance between two adjacent laser chips in the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 is small, which can further reduce the overall volume of the laser array 110 .
  • one laser chip (for example, each laser chip) in the laser array 110 is in a rectangular shape, or may be in another shape such as an ellipse, which is not limited in embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 6 is a top view of another laser array in the light source shown in FIG. 3 . It should be noted that, in FIG. 6 , the position of the laser chip is identified by the light spot emitted by the laser chip.
  • the first-color laser chip 111a, the second-color laser chip 111b, and the red laser chip 112a shown in FIG. 6 should not be construed as limiting the shapes of the corresponding laser chips in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • the shape of the spot emitted by the laser chip in the laser array 110 can be an ellipse
  • the fast axis of the laser chip can be parallel to the long axis of the ellipse
  • the slow axis of the laser chip can be parallel to the short axis of the ellipse.
  • the fast axis direction of the laser chip is parallel to the first direction X
  • the slow axis direction of the laser chip is parallel to the second direction Y.
  • the divergence angle of the fast axis is greater than the divergence angle of the slow axis.
  • the divergence angle of the fast axis is more than three times that of the slow axis. Therefore, the light spot formed by the laser chip is roughly an elliptical light spot, but it is not limited thereto.
  • the arrangement direction of the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 in the laser array 110 is parallel to the fast axis direction of one laser chip (for example, each laser chip).
  • the row direction of the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 is parallel to the slow axis direction of one laser chip.
  • the light source 10 further includes a combination lens group 120 .
  • the light combining lens group 120 is configured to combine the laser beams emitted by the laser array 110 .
  • the light combining lens group 120 is disposed on the light emitting side of the laser array 110 .
  • the arrangement direction of the light combining lens group 120 and the laser array 110 is approximately perpendicular to the direction of the light beam emitted by the light combining lens group 120 .
  • a light source of a laser projection device includes four rows of laser chips.
  • one row of laser chips is all first-color laser chips (such as blue laser chips)
  • one row of laser chips is all second-color laser chips (such as green laser chips)
  • the other two rows of laser chips are all Red laser chip.
  • These four rows of laser chips can be arranged sequentially along a certain direction. Since the laser chips emitting laser beams of different colors are located in different rows, in order to combine the laser beams of different colors, the light combining lens group in the light source needs to combine the laser beams emitted by at least three rows of laser chips. In contrast, referring to FIG.
  • the first color laser chip 111a and the second color laser chip 111b are located in the same row, and the light combining lens group can control the laser light emitted by the two rows of laser chips.
  • the light beams are combined. In this way, the light path in the light source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure can be simpler, and the size of the light source can also be smaller.
  • FIG. 7 is a top view of the laser array of the light source shown in FIG. 3 .
  • the light combining lens group 120 includes a first light combining unit 121 and a second light combining unit 122 .
  • the first light combining unit 121 is configured to receive the light beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 .
  • the X-Y plane is a plane defined by the first direction X and the second direction Y
  • at least a part of the orthographic projection of the first row of laser chips 111 is located at the second Within the orthographic projection of a light combining unit 121 . In this way, at least a part of the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 can be irradiated on the first light combining unit 121 .
  • first light combining unit 121 may be arranged between the first light combining unit 121 and the first row of laser chips 111, or there may be no other elements. This is not limited, as long as the first light combining unit 121 can receive the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 .
  • the second light combining unit 122 is configured to receive the light beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the orthographic projection of the second row of laser chips 112 is located within the orthographic projection of the second light combining unit 122 .
  • at least a part of the laser beams emitted by the laser chips 112 in the second row can be irradiated on the second light combining unit 122 .
  • other elements such as a narrowing lens
  • the disclosure is not limited to this, as long as the second light combining unit 122 can receive the laser beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the arrangement direction of the first light combination unit 121 and the second light combination unit 122 is parallel to the arrangement direction of the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the arrangement direction of the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122 is parallel to the first direction X.
  • the first light combining unit 121 can be configured to receive the laser beams emitted by each first color laser chip and each second color laser chip in the first row of laser chips 111
  • the second light combining unit 122 can be configured as The laser beams emitted by the red laser chips in the second row of laser chips 112 are received, and the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122 can combine the received laser beams respectively.
  • the first light-combining unit 121 and the second light-combining unit 122 can combine the first-color laser beams emitted by each first-color laser chip in the first row of laser chips 111 and the second-color laser beams emitted by each second-color laser chip.
  • the light beam and the red laser beams emitted by the red laser chips in the second row of laser chips 112 are combined.
  • the optical path of the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 from the first light combining unit 121 is substantially coincident with the optical path of the laser beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112 from the second light combining unit 122 .
  • the light-combining mirror group includes three or more light-combining units
  • the optical path of the light-combining mirror group in some embodiments of the present disclosure is relatively simple
  • the optical structure is also relatively simple, so that the light path of the light source is relatively simple , can further reduce the size of the light source.
  • the first light combining unit 121 includes a first reflecting mirror 1211
  • the second light combining unit 122 includes a half mirror 1221 .
  • the first mirror 1211 is configured to receive the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 and reflect the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 to the half mirror 1221 .
  • the half mirror 1221 is configured to receive and reflect the laser beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112, and transmit the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111.
  • the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122 can combine the laser beams emitted by the laser chips 111 in the first row and the laser beams emitted by the laser chips 112 in the second row, and the second light combining unit 122 can be combined along the The direction in which the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122 are arranged (for example, the first direction X) emits light beams.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of another light source according to some embodiments.
  • the half mirror 1221 is configured to receive and transmit the laser beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112 and reflect the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 .
  • the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122 can combine the laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 and the laser beams emitted by the second row of laser chips 112, and the laser beams emitted by the second row of light combining units 122
  • the light beam may have a propagation direction different from the arrangement direction (for example, the first direction X) of the first light combining unit 121 and the second light combining unit 122, for example, the second light combining unit 122 may be along a direction parallel to the third direction Z outgoing beam.
  • the first mirror 1211 The area of can be less than or equal to the area of the half mirror 1221 . In this way, the half mirror 1221 can receive all the light beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 and the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the light source 10 can sequentially emit light spots of different colors during operation. For example, at a moment, the light source 10 only emits light spots of one color.
  • Fig. 9A is a structure diagram of a light spot of a light beam emitted by a combination lens group according to some embodiments. Referring to FIG. 9A , the beams emitted by multiple laser chips of the same color are mixed to form a rectangular spot S1 .
  • the laser chips of the same color are located in the same row in the laser array, and a light combining unit (such as the first light combining unit or the second light combining unit) in the light combining lens group can receive the laser beam emitted by a row of laser chips, therefore, in the laser
  • the laser beam emitted by one or more laser chips of the same color in the same row after passing through the combination lens group, the size of the spot S1 obtained is related to the position and arrangement of the one or more laser chips of the same color.
  • the size of a row of laser chips in the row direction is greater than the size in its column direction (the column direction can be the arrangement direction of the first row of laser chips and the second row of laser chips, such as perpendicular to the row direction), therefore, in a Or when multiple laser chips of the same color emit light, the size of the light spot S1 of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group is larger in one direction of the light spot S1 and smaller in the other direction.
  • the ratio between the long side size and the short side size of the light spot S1 is roughly 3:1 (sometimes even up to 7:1).
  • the aspect ratio of the projection screen used to receive the light beam emitted by the light source is approximately 16:9, which causes the shape of the spot formed by the light beam emitted from the light combining lens group to not match the shape of the projection screen.
  • the calculation formula of the etendue of the illumination of the laser projection device is:
  • S is the area of the light-receiving surface of the light valve 240 in the laser projection device, and here, the light-receiving surface of the light valve is generally a rectangle, therefore, the area S of the light-receiving surface of the light valve can use the light-receiving surface
  • the product of the width H1 of the long side and the width H2 of the short side is expressed;
  • Q is the exit angle of the laser beam passing through the lens 30 in the laser projection device.
  • the formula for calculating the amount of expansion of the illumination of the laser projection device is:
  • the expansion of the illumination of the laser projection device is determined, and the corresponding Lagrangian invariants of the long side and the short side are determined of.
  • the size of the long side of the light spot formed is larger than the size of the short side, therefore, the exit angle of the laser beam emitted by the light combining mirror group in the long side direction greater than the exit angle of the spot in the direction of the short side. In this way, the Lagrangian invariance of at least one of the long side and the short side of the light spot does not meet the requirements.
  • n and n' are the refractive index of the transmission medium.
  • Q is the laser beam passing through the laser The exit angle of the lens in the projection device;
  • Y is the image height of the imaging object;
  • Q' is the incident angle of the laser beam to the lens, because the laser beam of the light source will undergo multiple reflections or transmissions after it exits from the first uniform light component 210 , and shoot toward the camera. Therefore, Q' can be represented by the exit angle of the first uniform light component 210;
  • Y' is the object height of the imaging object.
  • the expression of the long side of the light spot after passing through the lens can be expressed as: n ⁇ Sin(1/(2F#)) ⁇ H1, and the short side of the light spot after passing through the lens
  • the following expression can be: n ⁇ Sin(1/(2F#)) ⁇ H2.
  • the expression of the long side of the light spot when it shoots to the projection lens can be: n' ⁇ Sin(Q1') ⁇ d1
  • the expression of the short side of the light spot when it shoots to the lens can be: n' ⁇ Sin(Q2' ) ⁇ d2.
  • d1 is the size of the long side of the light spot formed after the combination of laser beams
  • d2 is the size of the short side of the light spot formed after the combination of laser beams
  • the exit angle in the long side direction of Q2' is the exit angle of the laser beam incident on the first homogenizing component 210 in the short side direction of the light spot.
  • D1 is the width of the long side of the first light homogenizing component 210
  • D2 is the width of the short side of the first light uniform component 210
  • F is the focal length of the first light homogenizing component.
  • the light valve needs to correspond to the first uniform light component. That is, the aspect ratio of the first light homogenizing member needs to be approximately the same as the aspect ratio of the light receiving surface of the light valve.
  • the ratio between Q1' and Q2' is approximately equal to H1:H2.
  • Fig. 10A is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 10B is a top view of the light source shown in Fig. 10A. It should be noted that the specific structures of the first row of laser chips and the second row of laser chips are omitted in FIG. 10B .
  • the light source 10 further includes a shaping lens group 130 .
  • the shaping lens group 130 is configured to receive the light beam emitted by the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the shaping lens group 130 is disposed on the light output path of the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the narrowing lens 181 may also be arranged between the first cylindrical lens 131 and the light combining lens group 120, or there may be no other components, and this disclosure is not limited to this, as long as It is sufficient that the light beam emitted by the combination lens group 120 can pass through the first cylindrical lens 131 and the second cylindrical lens 132 .
  • the shaping mirror group 130 is configured to shape the received light beam, so that the width of the light spot of the light beam emerging from the shaping mirror group 130 in the long side direction of the light spot is smaller than the light spot of the light beam incident to the shaping mirror group 130 at the The width of the light spot in the direction of the long side. In this way, the loss of the etendue of the light beam in the short side direction of the light spot can be reduced, and the transmission efficiency of the light valve to the laser beam emitted by the light source can be improved.
  • the width of the light spot of the light beam emitted from the shaping mirror group 130 in the long side direction of the light spot may be equal to the width of the light spot of the light beam incident on the shaping mirror group 130 in the short side direction of the light spot, That is, the ratio of the two can be 1.
  • the ratio of the two can be 1.
  • the shaping lens group 130 has a first cylindrical arc surface 131a and a second cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • the first cylindrical arc surface 131a is closer to the light combination lens group 120 than the second cylindrical arc surface 132a, so that the light beam emitted by the light combination lens group 120 can pass through the first cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • the cylindrical arc surface 131a shoots to the second cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • the shaping mirror group 130 is configured to converge the light beam in the long side direction of the light spot of the light beam emitted by the light combining lens group 120 through the first cylindrical arc surface 131a, and the shaping mirror group 130 is also configured to pass through the second cylindrical arc
  • the curved surface 132a collimates the converged light beam.
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a beam passing through a lens with a cylindrical arc surface.
  • a lens with a cylindrical arc also called a cylinder
  • a lens with a cylindrical arc can be used to change the size of one direction of a light beam passing through the lens.
  • the shape shaping mirror group 130 can reduce The size of the light spot of the small beam in the direction of the long side.
  • the shaping lens group 130 includes a first cylindrical lens 131 and a second cylindrical lens 132 .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 is closer to the light combining lens group 120 than the second cylindrical lens 132 .
  • the light beam emitted by the combination lens group 120 can pass through the first rod lens 131 and be directed to the second rod lens 132 .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 has a first cylindrical arc surface 131a
  • the second cylindrical lens 132 has a second cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • Figure 11 shows a cylindrical lens with a cylindrical arc. It should be noted that the cylindrical lens in Figure 11 is a plano-convex cylindrical lens. It can be understood that when the cylindrical lens is a plano-concave cylindrical lens, it also has different modulation effects on light in different directions. For related descriptions, please refer to the following .
  • the main difference between a plano-convex cylindrical lens and a plano-convex cylindrical lens is that a plano-convex cylindrical lens can converge a beam of light, while a plano-concave cylindrical lens can diffuse a beam of light.
  • a cylindrical lens (for example, a first cylindrical lens or a second cylindrical lens) may have a cylindrical arc surface A and a plane B as described above.
  • the cylindrical lens has curvature in the direction perpendicular to the generatrix L of the cylinder, which can change the vergence of the beam, but has no curvature in the direction parallel to the generatrix L of the cylinder, and does not change the vergence of the beam. In this way, the cylindrical lens can be used to change the size of one direction of the light beam passing through the cylindrical lens.
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 is a plano-convex cylindrical lens with a first cylindrical arc surface 131 a.
  • the second cylindrical lens 132 is a plano-concave cylindrical lens with a second cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • the generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical arc surface 131a is parallel to the generatrix L2 of the second cylindrical arc surface 132a, and the focal point f2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 coincides with the focal point f1 of the first cylindrical lens.
  • the position where the focal point f2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 coincides with the focal point f1 of the first cylindrical lens 131 is located on the side of the second cylindrical lens 132 away from the first cylindrical lens 131 .
  • the approximately parallel light beam emitted by the light combining lens group 120 can be received by the first cylindrical lens 131, and the first cylindrical lens 131 can make the light beam perpendicular to
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 converges in the direction of the generatrix L1 (for example, in a direction parallel to the X-Y plane) and transmits the light to the second cylindrical lens 132 .
  • the second cylindrical lens 132 receives the light beam, and the second cylindrical lens 132 can diverge the light beam in a direction perpendicular to the generatrix L2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 (for example, in a direction parallel to the X-Z plane), which can make the light beam transmitted through the second cylindrical lens 132
  • the light beams of the lens 132 exit substantially in parallel. It can also be said that the second cylindrical lens 132 collimates the light beam converged by the first cylindrical lens 131 .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 and the second cylindrical lens 132 can be without changing the shape of the beam spot in the direction perpendicular to the generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical arc surface 131a (for example, in the direction parallel to the X-Y plane)
  • the size of the spot of the beam in this direction is reduced.
  • the focal point f2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 coincides with the focal point f1 of the first cylindrical lens 131 is located on the side of the second cylindrical lens 132 away from the first cylindrical lens 131, therefore, the first cylindrical lens 131 and the second cylindrical lens 131
  • the distance between the lenses 132 is relatively short, so that the overall volume of the light source 10 can be small.
  • Figure 12A is a block diagram of a light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 12B is a top view of the light source shown in Fig. 12A. It should be noted that the specific structures of the first row of laser chips and the second row of laser chips are omitted in FIG. 12B .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 is a plano-convex cylindrical lens with a first cylindrical arc surface 131a.
  • the second cylindrical lens 132 is also a plano-convex cylindrical lens with a second cylindrical arc surface 132a.
  • the generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical arc surface 131a is parallel to the generatrix L2 of the second cylindrical arc surface 132a, and the focal point f2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 coincides with the focal point f1 of the first cylindrical lens.
  • the position where the focal point f2 of the second cylindrical lens 132 coincides with the focal point f1 of the first cylindrical lens 131 is located between the second cylindrical lens 132 and the first cylindrical lens 131 .
  • the approximately parallel light beam emitted by the light combining lens group 120 can be received by the first cylindrical lens 131, and the first cylindrical lens 131 can make the light beam perpendicular to
  • the first rod lens 131 converges in the direction of the generatrix L1 (for example, in a direction parallel to the X-Y plane) and then transmits to the second rod lens 132 .
  • the second cylindrical lens 132 receives the light beam, and can make the light beam transmitted through the second cylindrical lens 132 exit substantially in parallel. It can also be said that the second cylindrical lens 132 collimates the light beam converged by the first cylindrical lens 131 .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 and the second cylindrical lens 132 can reduce the shape of the light beam in the direction perpendicular to the cylindrical generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical lens 131 (for example, in the direction parallel to the X-Y plane). The size of the beamlet in this direction.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group passing through the first cylindrical lens.
  • the light spot S1 of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group is a rectangular light spot, and the long side S1a of the rectangular light spot is perpendicular to the generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical arc surface 131a.
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 may be a plano-convex cylindrical lens, which can reduce the size of the spot of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group in the direction perpendicular to the generatrix L1 of the first cylindrical arc surface 131a.
  • FIG. 9B is a structure diagram of a light spot formed by the light beam transmitted by the shaping lens group.
  • the first cylindrical lens can reduce the size of the light spot S1 in the direction of its long side to one-third or one-half of its original size, and can form the light spot S2 shown in FIG. 9B .
  • the shape of the light spot S2 can better match the shape of the projection screen, thereby improving user experience.
  • the first cylindrical lens since the long side of the rectangular spot is perpendicular to the generatrix of the first cylindrical arc surface, the first cylindrical lens has a higher convergence efficiency of the light beam emitted by the combination lens group, which can improve the transmission efficiency of the light beam in the light source and reduce the combination.
  • Fig. 14 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • the light source 10 further includes a condensing lens 181 and a second homogenizing component 182 .
  • the condensing lens 181 and the second homogenizing component 182 may be arranged in sequence along the direction of the optical path.
  • the converging lens 181 and the second homogenizing component 182 may be configured to receive the light beam emitted by the combining lens group 120 and adjust the light beam accordingly.
  • the converging lens 181 can be a spherical lens or an aspheric lens.
  • the light source 10 includes two pieces of convex lenses (ie, two narrowing lenses 181 ), and the two pieces of convex lenses may both be spherical lenses.
  • Spherical lenses are easier to shape and control precision than aspheric lenses, so the manufacturing difficulty and cost of the light source can be reduced.
  • the above two convex lenses may also be aspheric lenses, which is not limited in the present disclosure.
  • the second homogenization component 182 is configured to shape and homogenize the received light beam. It should be noted that beam homogenization may refer to shaping a beam with uneven intensity distribution into a beam with uniform intensity distribution.
  • the second homogenizing component 182 can be a light pipe or a fly-eye lens.
  • the light guide can be a hollow light guide, that is, a tubular device formed by splicing four flat reflectors.
  • the light guide can also be a solid light guide.
  • the light can be reflected multiple times inside the light pipe to achieve a uniform light effect.
  • the light inlet and the light outlet of the light guide are rectangles with the same shape and area.
  • the long side of the rectangular light spot may be parallel to the long side of the rectangular light entrance of the second light homogenizing component 182 . In this way, more light beams can be incident on the second light homogenizing component 182, and the loss of light beams can be reduced.
  • the narrowing lens 181 is configured to converge the light beam emitted by the second cylindrical lens 132 , and guide the converged light beam to the second homogenizing component 182 .
  • the focal point of the condensing lens 181 may be set at the light incident surface of the second uniform light component 182 . In this way, the light collection efficiency of the second light homogenizing member 182 can be improved.
  • the first light uniformity component 210 in the light machine 20 can be omitted.
  • Fig. 15 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • the light source 10 further includes a second reflector 140 .
  • the first cylindrical lens 131 , the second reflecting mirror 140 and the second cylindrical lens 132 are arranged in sequence along the optical path direction.
  • the second reflector 140 can bend the propagation path of the light beam in the light source 10 , thereby reducing the size of the light source 10 in one direction.
  • the size of the light source 10 may be smaller in an outgoing direction (eg, the first direction X) parallel to the light transmitted by the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the arrangement direction of the first cylindrical lens 131 and the second reflector 140 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the second reflector 140 and the second rod lens 132 . In this way, the second reflector 140 can bend the propagation path of the light beam by 90°, which can further reduce the size of the light source 10 in one direction (eg, the first direction X).
  • the light source 10 further includes a speckle dissipating member 183 .
  • the speckle dissipating part 183 may be a diffusion wheel or a vibrating diffusion sheet.
  • the speckle dissipating component 183 can play a speckle dissipating effect, so as to further improve the uniformity of the light spot of the laser beam.
  • the speckle-eliminating component 183 is located between the beam-reducing lens 181 and the second homogenizing component 182 .
  • the speckle dissipation component 183 is a diffusion wheel, it may have the same structure and function as the diffusion wheel 186, and the two may be interchanged.
  • the light-emitting mechanism of the light-emitting materials in different color laser chips is different.
  • the blue laser chip and the green laser chip use gallium arsenide luminescent material to generate blue laser beam and green laser beam
  • the red laser chip uses gallium nitride luminescent material to generate red laser beam. Due to the different light-emitting mechanisms of the light-emitting materials in different color laser chips, the resonant cavity oscillation directions of the red laser chip and the blue laser chip and the green laser chip are different during the light-emitting process, so that the polarization direction of the red laser beam is different from that of the blue laser beam. The polarization direction is different, and also different from that of the green laser beam.
  • the red laser beam may be P-polarized light
  • the blue laser beam and the green laser beam may be S-polarized light.
  • the polarization direction of the P-polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the S-polarized light.
  • laser projection equipment can be equipped with ultra-short-focus projection screens with higher gain and contrast, such as Fresnel optical screens, to better restore high-brightness and high-contrast projection images.
  • the Fresnel optical screen will show obvious differences in the transmittance and reflectivity of beams with different polarization directions, therefore, the polarization direction of the red laser beam is different from that of the blue laser beam, and is different from that of the green laser beam.
  • the luminous flux of different colors of light reflected by the screen into the human eye may be unbalanced, which will lead to the problem of color cast in local areas on the projection screen, which in turn will cause "color blocks" in the projection screen, etc. The phenomenon of uneven color.
  • Fig. 16A is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • Fig. 16B is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • the light source 10 further includes a half-wave plate 184 .
  • Half-wave plate 184 may be configured to change the polarization direction of the received light beam.
  • the half-wave plate 184 is disposed between the light-emitting surface of the first row of laser chips 111 and the first light-combining unit 121 .
  • the half-wave plate 184 can be set according to the wavelength between the first color laser beam (for example, blue laser beam) and the second color laser beam (for example, green laser beam). In this way, after the first-color laser beams and the second-color laser beams emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 pass through the half-wave plate 184 , the polarization direction of the beams can change by 90°.
  • the blue laser beam and the green laser beam emitted by the first row of laser chips 111 pass through the half-wave plate 184 and become P-polarized light.
  • the polarization directions of the red laser beam, the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam emitted by the light source 10 are consistent, which can improve the problem of uneven chromaticity such as "color spots" or "color patches" on the projection screen.
  • the half-wave plate 184 is disposed between the light-emitting surface of the second row of laser chips 112 and the second light-combining unit 122 .
  • the half-wave plate 184 can be set according to the wavelength of the red laser beam. In this way, after the red laser beam emitted by the laser chips 112 in the second row passes through the half-wave plate 184, the polarization direction of the beam can change by 90°. For example, the red laser beam emitted by the laser chips 112 in the second row passes through the half-wave plate 184 and becomes S-polarized light.
  • the polarization directions of the red laser beam, the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam emitted by the light source 10 are consistent, which can improve the problem of uneven chromaticity such as "color spots” or "color patches” on the projection screen.
  • the light beams emitted by the light combining lens group 120 have the same polarization direction
  • the same optical components for example, the shaping mirror group 130, the second mirror 140, the narrowing lens 181, etc.
  • It can have the same optical transmittance or reflectance, so that the uniformity of the light beam can be improved, which is beneficial to improve the projection display effect.
  • the coherence of light emitted by such a light source is relatively strong, resulting in relatively serious speckle effects in the projected picture of the laser projection device, and the display effect of the projected picture is poor.
  • Fig. 17 is a structural diagram of another light source according to some embodiments
  • Fig. 18 is a structural diagram of a laser array and a first polarization angle conversion unit in the light source shown in Fig. 17 .
  • the light source 10 further includes a first polarization angle conversion unit 171 .
  • the first row of laser chips 111 includes at least two first-color laser chips 111a.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 includes a first laser chip group G1 and a second laser chip group G2.
  • the first laser chip group G1 includes at least one first-color laser chip 111a
  • the second laser chip group G2 includes at least one first-color laser chip 111a. It can also be said that both the first laser chip group G1 and the second laser chip group G2 include at least one first-color laser chip 111a.
  • the first color laser chip 111a is a blue laser chip. But not limited thereto, the first color laser chip 111a may also be a green laser chip.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 is disposed between the first laser chip group G1 and the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the orthographic projection of the first laser chip group G1 is located within the orthographic projection of the first polarization angle converting unit 171 . In this way, the laser beams emitted by each laser chip in the first laser chip group G1 can enter the light combining lens group 120 through the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 .
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 may be configured to change the polarization direction of the laser beam entering the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 .
  • the red laser chip and the blue laser chip and the green laser chip have different resonant cavity oscillation directions during the light-emitting process, so that the polarization direction of the red laser beam Different from the polarization direction of the blue laser beam, and different from the polarization direction of the green laser beam.
  • the red laser beam may be P-polarized light
  • the blue laser beam and the green laser beam may be S-polarized light.
  • the polarization directions of the P-polarized light and the S-polarized light are perpendicular.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 can receive the laser beam emitted by each laser chip in the first laser chip group G1 and change the polarization direction of the laser beam. For example, the polarization direction of the laser beam is rotated by 90°.
  • the first-color laser beam emitted by at least one first-color laser chip 111a in the first laser chip group G1 can pass through the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 and then enter the light-combining lens group 120, and, compared to the second laser beam
  • the polarization direction is deflected by 90°.
  • the first color laser beam incident to the light combining lens group 120 can have two polarization directions, which can reduce the coherence of the first color laser beam, thereby improving the speckle phenomenon of the beam emitted by the laser projection device.
  • the first row of laser chips 111 includes at least two second-color laser chips 111b.
  • the first laser chip group G1 further includes at least one second-color laser chip 111b
  • the second laser chip group G2 further includes at least one second-color laser chip 111b. It can also be said that both the first laser chip group G1 and the second laser chip group G2 include at least one second-color laser chip 111b.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 is arranged between the first laser chip group G1 and the light-combining mirror group 120, the second-color laser beams emitted by each second-color laser chip 111b in the first laser chip group G1 can pass through the The first polarization angle conversion unit 171 is incident to the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the second-color laser beam entering the light combining lens group 120 can also have two polarization directions, so that the coherence of the second-color laser beam is reduced, further improving the output of the laser projection device.
  • the speckle effect of the light beam is arranged between the first laser chip group G1 and the light-combining mirror group 120.
  • the second-color laser chip 111b may be a blue laser chip or a green laser chip, and the color of the laser beam emitted by the second-color laser chip 111b is different from that of the first-color laser chip 111a.
  • the first color laser chip 111a is a blue laser chip
  • the second color laser chip 111b is a green laser chip.
  • the first color laser chip 111a is a green laser chip
  • the second color laser chip 111b is a blue laser chip.
  • Fig. 19 is a structural diagram of another light source according to some embodiments
  • Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser array, a first polarization angle conversion unit and a second polarization angle conversion unit in the light source shown in Fig. 19 .
  • the light source 10 further includes a second polarization angle converting unit 172 .
  • the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 is disposed between the part of the red laser chips 112 a in the laser chips 112 in the second row and the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the orthographic projections of some of the red laser chips 112 a in the second row of laser chips 112 are located within the orthographic projections of the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 .
  • the red laser beams emitted by the part of the red laser chips 112 a in the second laser chip group G1 can pass through the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 and enter the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 may be configured to change the polarization direction of the laser beam entering the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 .
  • the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 may receive the red laser beam emitted by the part of the red laser chips 112a in the second row of laser chips 112, and change the polarization direction of the laser beam. For example, the polarization direction of the laser beam is rotated by 90°.
  • the red laser beam incident on the light combining lens group 120 can have two polarization directions, which can make the coherence of the red laser beam lower and improve the laser projection
  • the speckle phenomenon of a beam of light emitted by a device can have two polarization directions, which can make the coherence of the red laser beam lower and improve the laser projection
  • the speckle phenomenon of a beam of light emitted by a device can have two polarization directions, which can make the coherence of the red laser beam lower and improve the laser projection The speckle phenomenon of a beam of light emitted by a device.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of laser chips included in the first laser chip group G1 .
  • the first laser chip group G1 includes three laser chips.
  • the first laser chip group G1 includes four laser chips.
  • the present disclosure does not limit the number of red laser chips corresponding to the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 .
  • the number of the part of red laser chips is three.
  • the number of red laser chips in this part is four.
  • the light source 10 includes a first polarization angle conversion unit, but does not include a second polarization angle conversion unit. In some other embodiments, the light source 10 includes the second polarization angle conversion unit instead of the first polarization angle conversion unit. In some other embodiments, referring to FIG. 19 and FIG. 20 , the light source 10 includes both the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 and the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 . In this case, in the light source 10, the first color laser beam, the second color laser beam and the red laser beam received by the light combining lens group 120 may all have two polarization directions, so that the coherence of the laser beams of the same color is relatively low. Low, can further improve the speckle phenomenon of the beam emitted by the laser projection equipment.
  • the light source 10 includes a first polarization angle conversion unit 171 and a second polarization angle conversion unit 172 .
  • the polarization direction of the laser beams emitted by the first color laser chip 111a and the second color laser chip 111b may be the first polarization direction
  • the polarization direction of the laser beam emitted by the red laser chip 112a may be the second polarization direction.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 may be configured to convert a laser beam having a first polarization direction into a laser beam having a second polarization direction
  • the second deflection angle conversion unit 172 may be configured to convert a laser beam having a second polarization direction into a laser beam having a second polarization direction.
  • the laser beam is converted into a laser beam having a first polarization direction.
  • the first color laser chip 111a is a blue laser chip
  • the second color laser chip 111b is a green laser chip
  • both the blue laser beam and the green laser beam are S-polarized light with a first polarization direction.
  • the red laser beam is P-polarized light with a second polarization direction.
  • the first polarization direction may be perpendicular to the second polarization direction.
  • both the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 and the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 can be half-wave plates, and the half-wave plates can rotate the polarization direction of the laser beam entering the half-wave plate by 90°.
  • a part of the red laser beam received by the light combining lens group 120 may have the first polarization direction, and another part may have the second polarization direction.
  • a part of the laser beams has the first polarization direction
  • another part of the laser beams has the second polarization direction.
  • each of the three colors of laser beams received by the light combining lens group 120 has two different polarization directions, and the two different polarization directions are a first polarization direction and a second polarization direction.
  • the polarization properties of the three laser beams in the light source 10 are relatively uniform, which facilitates the regulation of the three laser beams and simplifies the structure of the light source.
  • the second row of laser chips 112 includes a first red laser chip group G3 and a second red laser chip group G4.
  • the first red laser chip group G3 includes at least one red laser chip 112a
  • the second red laser chip group G4 includes at least one red laser chip 112a.
  • the first red laser chip group G3 includes a plurality of red laser chips 112a, and the plurality of red laser chips 112a are arranged continuously.
  • the second red laser chip group G3 includes a plurality of red laser chips 112a, and the plurality of red laser chips 112a are arranged continuously.
  • the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 is disposed between the second red laser chip group G4 and the light combining lens group 120 . In this way, the red laser beams emitted by each red laser chip 112a in the second red laser chip group G4 can pass through the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 and enter the light combining lens group 120 .
  • the first laser chip group G1 and the first red laser chip group G3 are arranged in a row in the laser array 110, and the second laser chip group G2 and the second red laser chip group G4 are in the laser array 110 line up.
  • the first laser chip group G1 and the first red laser chip group G3 are arranged in a row along the first direction X in the laser array 110
  • the second laser chip group G2 and the second red laser chip group G4 are arranged in a row in the laser array 110. are arranged in a row along the first direction X.
  • Fig. 21 is a structural diagram of a laser array. 20 and 21, since the first laser chip group G1 and the first red laser chip group G3 are arranged in a row in the laser array 110, and the second laser chip group G2 and the second red laser chip group G4 are in the laser array 110 are arranged in a row, therefore, the laser array 110 may have a first area AR1 and a second area AR2, the first laser chip group G1 and the first red laser chip group G3 arranged in a row are located in the first area AR1, arranged in One column of the second laser chip group G2 and the second red laser chip group G4 is located in the second area AR2.
  • the laser beam emitted by the first laser chip group G1 has a first polarization direction
  • the laser beam may have a second polarization direction after passing through the first polarization angle conversion unit 171, and the laser beam emitted by the first red laser chip group G3 has a second polarization direction. Therefore, the laser beams emitted from the first region AR1 can all have the second polarization direction.
  • the laser beam emitted by the second laser chip group G2 has a first polarization direction
  • the laser beam emitted by the second red laser chip group G4 has a second polarization direction
  • the laser beam passes through the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 can have the first polarization direction, therefore, all the laser beams emitted from the second region AR2 can have the first polarization direction.
  • the polarization properties of the three laser beams in the light source 10 are relatively uniform, and the distribution is relatively regular, which facilitates the regulation of the three laser beams and simplifies the structure of the light source.
  • the light combining lens group 120 includes a third light combining unit 123 and a fourth light combining unit 124 .
  • the third light combination unit 123 is configured to receive the light beam emitted by the first laser chip group G1 and passed through the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 , and is configured to receive the light beam emitted by the first red laser chip group G3 .
  • the third light combining unit 123 may be configured to receive the first color laser beam, the second color laser beam and the red laser beam with the second polarization direction.
  • the fourth light combining unit 124 is configured to receive the light beam emitted by the second laser chip group G2 , and configured to receive the light beam emitted by the second red laser chip group G4 and passed through the second polarization angle conversion unit 172 . In this way, the fourth light combining unit 124 may be configured to receive the first color laser beam, the second color laser beam and the red laser beam with the first polarization direction.
  • the third light-combining unit 123 and the fourth light-combining unit 124 can combine the received laser beams so that the laser beams in the first polarization state and the laser beams in the second polarization state can be more uniformly mixed into a mixed beam.
  • the light beam makes the coherence of the laser beam emitted from the combined lens group 120 low, which can improve the speckle effect of the light beam emitted by the laser projection device and improve the projection effect of the laser projection device.
  • the arrangement direction of the third light combining unit 123 and the fourth light combining unit 124 is parallel to the row direction of the first row of laser chips 111 or the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the row direction of the first row of laser chips 111 is parallel to the row direction of the second row of laser chips 112 .
  • the arrangement direction of the third light-combining unit 123 and the fourth light-combining unit 124, the row direction of the first row of laser chips 111 and the row direction of the second row of laser chips 112 are parallel to each other, for example, parallel to the second direction Y.
  • the third light combining unit 123 and the fourth light combining unit 124 can realize the purpose of combining two laser beams of the same color but with different polarization directions emitted by the same row of laser chips, and the optical path of the light combining mirror group can be relatively simple, and the structure of the light source may also be relatively simple.
  • the third light combining unit 123 includes a third mirror 1231
  • the fourth light combining unit 124 includes a polarizing beam splitter 1241.
  • the third mirror 1231 is configured to reflect the received light beam toward the polarization beam splitter 1241 .
  • the polarization beam splitter 1241 is configured to transmit the light beam reflected by the third mirror 1231, and the polarization beam splitter 1241 is also configured to reflect the light beam transmitted through the second polarization angle conversion unit 172, and reflect the second laser chip group G2 emitted light beam.
  • the polarization beam splitter 1241 may allow the incident polarized light of the second polarization direction to completely pass through, and reflect the incident polarized light of the first polarization direction. In this way, the polarization beam splitter 1241 can combine the received laser beam of the first polarization state and the received laser beam of the second polarization state and guide it to the subsequent optical element, so that the laser beam of the first polarization state and the laser beam of the second polarization state can be combined.
  • the laser beams in the second polarization state are more uniformly mixed into a mixed beam, which can make the coherence of the mixed beam lower.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 includes a first wave plate 1711 .
  • the first wave plate 1711 is configured to receive the beam emitted by at least one first-color laser chip 111a included in the first laser chip group G1 (that is, the first-color laser beam), and receive at least one first-color laser beam included in the first laser chip group G1.
  • the beam emitted by the two-color laser chip 111b that is, the second-color laser beam.
  • each first-color laser chip 111a and each second-color laser chip 111b in the first laser chip group G1 can correspond to a first wave plate 1711 , which can make the structure of the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 relatively simple.
  • the first wave plate 1711 may be configured according to one of two wavelengths corresponding to the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam. In some embodiments, the first wave plate 1711 may be configured according to the intermediate value of the two wavelengths corresponding to the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam.
  • Fig. 22 is a structural diagram of a laser array, a first polarization angle conversion unit and a second polarization angle conversion unit.
  • the first polarization angle conversion unit 171 includes a second wave plate 1712 and a third wave plate 1713 .
  • the second wave plate 1712 is configured to receive the light beam (ie, the first color laser beam) emitted by at least one first-color laser chip 111a included in the first laser chip group G1.
  • the third wave plate 1713 is configured to receive the beam (ie, the second-color laser beam) emitted by at least one second-color laser chip 111b included in the first laser chip group G1.
  • the second wave plate 1712 can be configured according to the wavelength of the first color laser beam
  • the third wave plate 1713 can be configured according to the wavelength of the second color laser beam, which can make the first color laser beam and the second color laser beam respectively
  • the polarization of the light beam changes by 90°.
  • Fig. 23 is a structural diagram of yet another light source according to some embodiments.
  • the light source 10 further includes a diffuser assembly 187 , a condensing lens 181 , a speckle elimination component 183 and a second uniform light component 182 .
  • the diffuser assembly 187 , the beam shrinker lens 181 , the speckle elimination component 183 and the second uniform light component 182 may be arranged in sequence.
  • the speckle elimination component 183 and the second homogenization component 182 For the description of the beam shrinker lens 181 , the speckle elimination component 183 and the second homogenization component 182 , reference may be made to the relevant description above, and details will not be repeated here.

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Abstract

一种光源(10)和激光投影设备(1)。光源(10)包括激光器阵列(110),激光器阵列(110)包括基板(113)以及设置在基板(113)上的第一行激光芯片(111)和第二行激光芯片(112)。第一行激光芯片(111)包括至少一个第一色激光芯片(111a)和至少一个第二色激光芯片(111b),第二行激光芯片(112)包括至少两个红色激光芯片(112a)。在第二行激光芯片(112)的行方向上,沿第二行激光芯片(112)的边缘区域(EA1、EA2)指向中央区域(CA1)的方向,第二行激光芯片(112)中的各个红色激光芯片(112a)的中心波长依次增大。

Description

光源和激光投影设备
本申请要求于2021年11月09日提交的、申请号为202111320370.X的中国专利申请、2021年12月31日提交的、申请号为202111662949.4的中国专利申请,以及于2021年12月31日提交的、申请号为202111662936.7的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本公开涉及投影显示领域,尤其涉及一种光源及激光投影设备。
背景技术
激光投影显示技术是市场上的一种新型投影显示技术。相对于发光二极管(light-emitting diode,可以简写为LED)投影产品,激光投影显示技术具有成像更清晰,色彩更鲜艳,亮度更高的特点,这些显著的特点使得激光投影显示技术成为市场上的一个主流发展方向。
发明内容
一方面,本公开一些实施例提供一种光源,包括激光器阵列,所述激光器阵列包括:基板,以及设置在所述基板上的第一行激光芯片和第二行激光芯片,所述第一行激光芯片包括至少一个第一色激光芯片和至少一个第二色激光芯片,所述第二行激光芯片包括至少两个红色激光芯片。在所述第二行激光芯片的行方向上,沿所述第二行激光芯片的边缘区域指向中央区域的方向,所述第二行激光芯片中的各个红色激光芯片的中心波长依次增大。
另一方面,本公开一些实施例提供一种激光投影设备,包括光源、光机和镜头。所述光源为上述光源,所述光源被配置为发出激光光束。所述光机被配置为根据图像信号对射入至所述光机的光束进行调制得到投影光束。所述镜头被配置为对射入至所述镜头的光束进行投影以形成投影画面。
附图说明
图1为根据一些实施例的一种激光投影设备的结构图。
图2为根据一些实施例的激光投影设备中光源、光机和镜头的结构图。
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光源的结构图。
图4为图3所示的光源中的一种激光器阵列的俯视图。
图5为图3所示的光源中的另一种激光器阵列的俯视图。
图6为图3所示的光源中的又一种激光器阵列的俯视图。
图7为图3所示的光源的激光器阵列的俯视图。
图8为根据一些实施例的再一种光源的结构图。
图9A为根据一些实施例的合光镜组射出的光束的光斑的结构图。
图9B为整形镜组透射出的光束形成的光斑的结构图。
图10A为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图10B为图10A所示光源的俯视图。
图11为光束穿过具有柱形弧面的透镜的示意图。
图12A为根据一些实施例的光源的结构图。
图12B为图12A所示光源的俯视图。
图13为合光镜组射出的光束透射第一柱透镜的示意图。
图14为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图15为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图16A为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图16B为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图17为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
图18为图17所示的光源中激光器阵列和第一偏振角转换单元的结构图。
图19为根据一些实施例的一种光源的结构图。
图20为图19所示的光源中激光器阵列、第一偏振角转换单元和第二偏振角转换单元的结构示意图。
图21为根据一些实施例的一种激光器阵列的结构图。
图22为根据一些实施例的一种激光器阵列、第一偏振角转换单元和第二偏振角转换单元的结构图。
图23为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图,对本公开一些实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开所提供的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本公开保护的范围。
图1为根据一些实施例的一种激光投影设备的结构图。参见图1,激光投影设备1包括光源10,光机20以及镜头30。激光投影设备1还可以包括壳体40(图1中仅示出部分壳体40)。
光源10被配置为提供照明光束(激光光束)。光机20被配置为利用图像信号对光源10提供的照明光束进行调制以获得投影光束。镜头30被配置为将投影光束投射在屏幕或墙壁上,形成投影画面。光源10、光机20以及镜头30可以装配于壳体40中。光源10、光机20和镜头30可以沿着光束传播方向依次连接。
光源10、光机20和镜头30分别可以由对应的壳体进行包裹。光源10、光机20和镜头30各自对应的壳体可以对相应的光学部件进行支撑并使得各光学部件达到一定的密封或气密要求。示例性地,光源10通过其对应的壳体实现气密性密封,这样,可以改善光源10的光衰问题。
光机20的一端和镜头30连接,且光机20和镜头30沿着激光投影设备1的投影光束的出射方向(例如平行于N方向)设置。光机20的另一端可以与光源10连接。
在一些实施例中,光源10和光机20的排列方向与光机20和镜头30的排列方向大致垂直,即,在激光投影设备1中,投影光束的出射方向(例如平行于N方向)与照明光束的出射方向(例如平行于M方向)大致垂直。这种连接结构一方面可以适应光机20中反射式光阀(将在下文进行说明)的光路特点,另一方面,还有利于缩短光路在一方向上的长度,这样便可以有更多的空间对激光投影设备1的各部件进行排布。
图2为根据一些实施例的激光投影设备中光源、光机和镜头的一种结构图。参见图2,光源10发出的照明光束进入光机20。光机20包括第一匀光部件210、反射镜220、透镜230、光阀240和棱镜组件250。光阀240被配置为根据图像信号将射入其的照明光束调制成投影光束,并将投影光束射向镜头30。第一匀光部件210和光阀240沿光束的传播方向依次设置。第一匀光部件210被配置为将射入其的照明光束匀化后射向光阀240。
在一些实施例中,第一匀光部件210为光导管。该光导管接收光源10提供的照明光束,并对该照明光束进行匀化。在一些实施例中,该光导管的出光口为矩形,这样,该光导管可以对光束的光斑进行整形。
光阀240可以为反射式光阀。光阀240包括多个反射片,每个反射片对应于投影画面中的一个像素。示例性地,根据待显示的投影画面,光阀240的多个反射片中与需呈亮态显示的像素对应的反射片可以将光束反射至镜头30,被反射至镜头30的光束被称为投影光束。这样,光阀240可以对照明光束进行调制以得到投影光束,并通过投影光束实现画面的显示。
在一些实施例中,光阀240为数字微镜器件(digital micromirror device,DMD)。数字微镜器件包括多个(例如成千上万个)可被单独驱动而旋转的微小反射镜片。多个微小反射镜片可以呈阵列排布。一个微小反射镜片(例如每个微小反射镜片)对应待显示的投影画面中的一个像素。
图像信号通过处理后可以转换成0、1这样的数字代码,响应于这些数字代码,微小反射镜片可以摆动。控制每个微小反射镜片在开状态和关状态分别持续的时间,来实现一帧图像中每个像素的灰阶。这样,数字微镜器件可以对照明光束进行调制,进而实现投影画面的显示。
继续参见图2,在一些实施例中,激光投影设备1还可以包括位于光阀240与第一匀光部件210之间的照明镜组,该照明镜组包括反射镜220、透镜230和棱镜组件250。经第一匀光部件210匀化后的光束可以通过该照明镜组射向光阀240。
从第一匀光部件210射出的照明光束射向反射镜220,反射镜220将射向其的照明光束反射至凸透镜230。凸透镜230将射入其的照明光束会聚至棱镜组件250,棱镜组件250将射入其的照明光束反射至光阀240。
本公开的一些实施例还提供了一种光源。该光源可以为上述任一个激光投影设备的光源。当然,该光源也可以为其他设备中的光源,本公开的实施例对此不作限制。
图3为根据一些实施例的一种光源的结构图,图4为图3所示的光源中的一种激光器阵列的俯视图。参见图3和图4,光源10包括激光器阵列110和合光镜组120。
激光器阵列110包括基板113,以及设置在基板113上的多个激光芯片。在激光器阵列110中,多个(例如所有)激光芯片可以呈阵列分布。
多个激光芯片形成第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112,也可以说,激光器阵列110包括第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112。在图3和图4中,以第一行激光芯片111指向第二行激光芯片112的方向作为第一方向X,以第一行激光芯片111中各个激光芯片的排列方向作为第二方向Y,并以各个激光芯片的出光方向作为第三方向Z。
第一行激光芯片111的行方向与第二行激光芯片112的行方向平行,均平行于激光芯片阵列的行方向(例如,第二方向Y);第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112的排列方向平行于激光芯片阵列的列方向(例如,第一方向X)。
第一行激光芯片111包括至少一个第一色激光芯片111a和至少一个第二色激光芯片111b。第二行激光芯片112包括至少两个红色激光芯片112a。
红色激光芯片112a被配置为发出红色激光光束。第一色激光芯片111a被配置为发出第一色激光光束,第二色激光芯片111b被配置为发出第二色激光光束,并且,第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束的颜色不同。在一些实施例中,第一色激光芯片111a和第二色激光芯片111b中的一者为蓝色激光芯片,被配置为发射蓝色激光光束,另一者为绿色激光芯片,被配置为发射绿色激光光束。
在本公开一些实施例提供的光源中,红色激光芯片112a的数量大于第一色激光芯片111a的数量,也大于第二色激光芯片111b的数量。第一行激光芯片111不包括红色激光芯片112a,第二行激光芯片112不包括第一色激光芯片111a和第二色激光芯片111b。第一行激光芯片111中激光芯片的数量和第二行激光芯片112中激光芯片的数量相同,即,红色激光芯片112a的数量为第一色激光芯片111a的数量和第二色激光芯片111b的数量之和。示例性地,激光器阵列110中第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112均包含7个激光芯片。
在光的传输过程中,红色激光光束的发散程度相比于蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束要大,因此红色激光光束的光损率要大于蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束的光损 率。这样,激光投影设备在进行图像投影时,为达到预定的白平衡,所需的红色激光的分量较多。基于此,一些实施例提供的光源中红色激光芯片的数量比蓝色激光芯片的数量或者绿色激光芯片的数量更多,由此提供更多的红色激光光束。
相关技术中的激光投影设备在投影画面时通常会产生散斑效应。散斑效应是指相干光源发出的两束激光在照射光学粗糙的表面(即平均起伏大于波长数量级的表面),例如用于接收激光投影设备发射的光束的屏幕,由于表面上大量无规则分布面所散射的子波相干叠加,该两束激光在空间中产生干涉,导致形成的反射光场具有随机的空间光强分布,呈现颗粒状的结构,最终在屏幕上出现颗粒状的明暗相间的斑点。这些斑点可以称作激光散斑。需要说明的是,在激光器阵列中,发出波长相同且相位恒定的激光并且位置相邻的两个激光芯片可以为两个相干光源,这两个相干光源可能导致散斑效应。散斑效应使得投影画面的显示效果较差,且明暗相间的这些未聚焦的斑点在人眼看来处于闪烁状态,长时间观看易产生眩晕感,使得用户的观看体验较差。
参见图4,为了解决上述问题,在一些实施例中,在第二行激光芯片112的行方向上,沿第二行激光芯片112的一边缘区域(例如第一边缘区域EA1或第二边缘区域EA2)向中央区域(例如第一中央区域CA1)的方向,第二行激光芯片112中的各个红色激光芯片112a的中心波长依次增大。
在第二行激光芯片112的行方向上,第二行激光芯片112具有第一边缘区域EA1和第二边缘区域EA2。一个边缘区域中设置有一个红色激光芯片112a。并且,在第二行激光芯片112中沿该行方向排列的各个红色激光芯片112a中,位于最外侧的两个红色激光芯片112a中的一者位于第一边缘区域,另一者位于第二边缘区域。
在第二行激光芯片112的行方向上,第二行激光芯片112还具有第一中央区域CA1。在一些实施例中,第二行激光芯片112中红色激光芯片112a的数目V为奇数,此时,在这V个红色激光芯片112a中,第(V+1)/2个红色激光芯片112a位于第一中央区域CA1中。在此基础上,第一中央区域CA1中还可以设置有多个红色激光芯片112a,该多个红色激光芯片112a关于第(V+1)/2个红色激光芯片112a对称设置。在另一些实施例中,第二行激光芯片112中红色激光芯片112a的数目V为偶数,此时,在这V个红色激光芯片112a中,第V/2个红色激光芯片112a以及第V/2+1个红色激光芯片112a位于第一中央区域CA1中。在此基础上,第一中央区域CA1中还可以设置有多个红色激光芯片112a,该多个红色激光芯片112a关于第V/2个和第V/2+1个红色激光芯片112a形成的整体对称设置。
需要说明的是,激光芯片的中心波长指在该激光芯片正常工作时,发出的激光的中心波长。基于此,红色激光芯片的中心波长指该红色激光芯片正常工作时,发出的红色激光的中心波长。
基于上述,在第二行激光芯片112的行方向上,沿第一边缘区域EA1指向第一中央区域CA1的方向,或者,沿第二边缘区域EA2指向第二中央区域CA2的方向,各个红色激光芯片112a的中心波长依次增大。这样,对于相邻两个红色激光芯片,二者发出的红色激光的中心波长不同,因此二者并非相干光源,较难产生干涉。这样,可以改善激光投影设备进行投影显示时的散斑效应,提高投影画面的显示效果,改善人眼观看投影画面时产生眩晕感的问题。
此外,发出中心波长较短的红色激光的红色激光芯片112a对于温度的变化敏感且发热量大。基于此,将发出中心波长较短的红色激光芯片112a设置在第二行激光芯片的边缘。这样,能够使得该红色激光芯片112a发出的热量可以有效地散发到外界环境中,减小对其他红色激光芯片112a的影响。
在一些实施例中,第二行激光芯片112包括位于第一中央区域CA1的至少一个第一红色激光芯片a1,以及位于该至少一个第一红色激光芯片a1的两侧的至少两个第二红色激光芯片a2。示例性地,沿第二行激光芯片112的行方向,该至少一个 第一红色激光芯片a1的一侧设置有至少一个第二红色激光芯片a2,另一侧也设置有至少一个第二红色激光芯片a2。
该至少一个第一红色激光芯片a1具有第一中心波长。在该至少两个第二红色激光芯片a2中,与该中央区域CA1的距离相等的两个第二红色激光芯片a2的中心波长相等。这样,在第二行激光芯片112中,各个红色激光芯片112a的中心波长的分布更为规则,可以提高激光投影设备的投影画面的显示效果。
需要说明的是,第二红色激光芯片a2与中央区域CA1的距离可以为该第二红色激光芯片a2的中心与中央区域CA1的中心之间的距离。
示例性地,第二行激光芯片112包括四个第二红色激光芯片a2,例如两个第二红色激光芯片a21和两个第二红色激光芯片a22。两个第二红色激光芯片a21与中央区域CA1的距离相等,且这两个第二红色激光芯片a21的中心波长相等,例如均为639nm。两个第二红色激光芯片a22与中央区域CA1的距离相等,且这两个第二红色激光芯片a22的中心波长相等,例如均为643nm。
继续参见图4,在一些实施例中,第一色激光芯片111a为蓝色激光芯片。第二色激光芯片111b为绿色激光芯片。并且,在第一行激光芯片111的行方向上,第一行激光芯片111的两个边缘区域(例如第三边缘区域EA3和第二边缘区域EA4)中设置有至少一个第一色激光芯片111a。即,在第一行激光芯片111沿其行方向的一端中,位于最外侧的激光芯片为蓝色激光芯片。
在第一行激光芯片111的行方向上,第一行激光芯片111可以具有第三边缘区域EA3和第四边缘区域EA4。第一行激光芯片111的边缘区域与第二行激光器112的边缘区域类似,可以参照上文中关于第二行激光芯片112的边缘区域的说明,在此不再赘述。
激光芯片发出的激光光束在传播的过程中存在发散现象,而光源中的光学镜片(例如合光镜组120)具有一定的接收光束的角度范围,这使得位于第一行激光芯片111的边缘的一个或多个激光芯片发出的激光光束的损耗较大。而蓝色激光芯片的发光功率高于绿色激光芯片和红色激光芯片的发光功率。示例性地,红色激光芯片的发光功率为24W~56W,蓝色激光芯片的发光功率为48W~115W,绿色激光芯片的发光功率为12W~28W。例如,红色激光芯片的发光功率为48W,蓝色激光芯片的发光功率为82W,绿色激光芯片的发光功率为24W。基于此,当将蓝色激光芯片设置在第一行激光芯片111的边缘时,激光器阵列110整体的发光效率可以较高。
在一些实施例中,在第一行激光芯片111的行方向上,第一行激光芯片111的两个边缘区域中均设置有第一色激光芯片111a。并且,分别位于这两个边缘区域的两个第一色激光芯片111a之间设置有至少一个第一色激光芯片111a,且该至少一个第一色激光芯片111a设置在两个第二色激光芯片111b之间。这样,多个第一色激光芯片111a(和多个第二色激光芯片111b可以相间排列,能够提高蓝色激光光束、绿色激光光束和红色激光光束在后续通过合光镜组合光后光束的均匀性,可以提高激光投影设备投影画面的显示质量。
在一些实施例中,第一行激光芯片111中第二色激光芯片111b的数量大于第一色激光芯片111a的数量。在激光器阵列110的尺寸较小时,可以减少发光功率较高的蓝色激光芯片的数量,这样,在不影响激光器阵列110的发光效果的前提下,可以减少激光器阵列110中激光芯片的数量。
在第二行激光芯片112中,红色激光芯片112a的数量为七个。在第一行激光芯片111中,第一色激光芯片111a的数量为三个,第二色激光芯片111b的数量为四个。这样,红色激光芯片112a的数量大于第一色激光芯片111a的数量,且大于第二色激光芯片111b的数量,可以满足激光投影设备的红色激光的分量较多的要求。并且,第二色激光芯片111b的数量大于第一色激光芯片111a的数量,可以在不影 响激光器阵列110的发光效果的前提下,减少激光器阵列110中激光芯片的数量。
图5为图3所示的光源中的另一种激光器阵列的俯视图。参见图5,在一些实施例中,激光器阵列110还包括设置在基板113上的三个第一导电引脚114a和一个第二导电引脚114b。三个第一导电引脚114a分别与串联的多个红色激光芯片112a的第一端、串联的多个第一色激光芯片111a的第一端以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片111b的第一端连接。第二导电引脚114b与串联的多个红色激光芯片112a的第二端、串联的多个第一色激光芯片111a的第二端以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片111b的第二端连接。并且,一个第一导电引脚114a(例如每个第一导电引脚114a)和第二导电引脚114b中的一个为正极引脚,另一个为负极引脚。
需要说明的是,串联的多个激光芯片具有第一端和第二端。可以在该第一端和第二端分别施加一定的电压,可以使得该串联的多个激光芯片同时工作。串联的多个激光芯片的第一端和第二端可以分别与第一导电引脚114a和第二导电引脚114b连接。通过在第一导电引脚114a和第二导电引脚114b上写入电信号,可以实现在该串联的多个激光芯片的第一端和第二端分别施加电压,可以使得该串联的多个激光芯片工作。示例性地,第一导电引脚114a和第二导电引脚114b还与激光投影设备中的电路板(图中未示出)连接,这样,可以通过电路板向第一导电引脚114a和第二导电引脚114b上写入电信号。
示例性地,第一导电引脚114a为正极引脚,第二导电引脚114b为负极引脚。在此情况下,串联的多个红色激光芯片112a、串联的多个第一色激光芯片111a以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片111b共用一个负极引脚。又示例性地,第一导电引脚114a为负极引脚,第二导电引脚114b为正极引脚。在此情况下,串联的多个红色激光芯片112a、串联的多个第一色激光芯片111a以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片111b共用一个正极引脚。这样,在激光器阵列110中,通过共用正极引脚或负极引脚,可以减少激光器阵列的制造成本,并且可以简化激光器阵列的封装工艺。
在一些实施例中,激光器阵列110为多芯片封装型激光器(multi-chip laser diode,MCL)组件,即将多颗激光芯片封装在一块基板上,形成面光源输出。
在一些实施例中,在第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112中,相邻两个激光芯片之间的距离d为至少3mm,例如为1.3mm、1.5mm、2.0mm、2,5mm或3.0mm。这样,第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112中相邻两个激光芯片之间的距离较小,可以进一步减小激光器阵列110的整体体积。
在激光器阵列110的俯视图中,激光器阵列110中的一个激光芯片(例如每个激光芯片)呈矩形,或者,也可以呈椭圆形等其他形状,本公开的实施例对此不作限制。图6为图3所示的光源中的又一种激光器阵列的俯视图。需要说明的是,图6中通过激光芯片发出的光斑来标识激光芯片所在的位置。图6中示出的第一色激光芯片111a、第二色激光芯片111b以及红色激光芯片112a不能理解为对本公开实施例中的相应激光芯片的形状的限制。
参见图6,激光器阵列110中的激光芯片射出的光斑的形状可以为椭圆,该激光芯片的快轴方向可以与椭圆的长轴平行,该激光芯片的慢轴方向可以与椭圆的短轴平行。示例性地,该激光芯片的快轴方向与第一方向X平行,该激光芯片的慢轴方向与第二方向Y平行。一般快轴的发散角度大于慢轴的发散角度,例如对于一些激光芯片而言,快轴的发散角度是慢轴的发散角度的3倍以上。因此激光芯片所形成的光斑大致为椭圆形的光斑,但并不局限于此。
在一些实施例中,激光器阵列110中第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112的排列方向与一个激光芯片(例如每个激光芯片)的快轴方向平行。相应地,第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112的行方向与一个激光芯片的慢轴方向平行。这样,在激光器阵列110所包括的激光芯片的数量相同且各个激光芯片发射的光束的光斑不交叠的前提下, 可以减小激光器阵列110的行方向尺寸与列方向尺寸之间的差异。
参见图3,光源10还包括合光镜组120。合光镜组120被配置为将激光器阵列110发出的激光光束合光。合光镜组120设置在激光器阵列110的出光侧。示例性地,合光镜组120和激光器阵列110的排列方向与合光镜组120出射光束的方向大致垂直。
在相关技术中,激光投影设备的光源包括四行激光芯片。在这四行激光芯片中,一行激光芯片均为第一色激光芯片(例如蓝色激光芯片),一行激光芯片均为第二色激光芯片(例如绿色激光芯片),另两行激光芯片均为红色激光芯片。这四行激光芯片可以沿某一方向依次设置。由于发射不同颜色激光光束的激光芯片位于不同的行中,因此,为了将不同颜色的激光光束合光,光源中的合光镜组需要对至少三行激光芯片发射的激光光束进行合光。相比之下,参见图4,在根据本公开一些实施例的光源中,第一色激光芯片111a和第二色激光芯片111b位于同一行,合光镜组可以对两行激光芯片发出的激光光束进行合光。这样,根据本公开一些实施例的光源中光路可以更简洁,光源的尺寸也可以更小。
图7为图3所示的光源的激光器阵列的俯视图。参见图7,在一些实施例中,合光镜组120包括第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122。
第一合光单元121被配置为接收第一行激光芯片111发射的光束。示例性地,在激光器阵列的出光面110a(例如平行于X-Y平面,X-Y平面为第一方向X和第二方向Y确定的平面)上,第一行激光芯片111的正投影的至少一部分位于第一合光单元121的正投影以内。这样,第一行激光芯片111出射的激光光束的至少一部分可以照射在第一合光单元121上。需要说明的是,在第一行激光芯片111出光方向上,第一合光单元121和第一行激光芯片111之间可以设置其他元件(例如缩束透镜),也可以没有其他元件,本公开对此不作限制,只要第一合光单元121可以接收到第一行激光芯片111发射的激光光束即可。
第二合光单元122被配置为接收第二行激光芯片112发射的光束。示例性地,在激光器阵列的出光面110a上,第二行激光芯片112的正投影的至少一部分位于第二合光单元122的正投影以内。这样,第二行激光芯片112出射的激光光束的至少一部分可以照射在第二合光单元122上。需要说明的是,在第二行激光芯片112的出光方向上,第二合光单元122和第二行激光芯片112之间可以设置其他元件(例如缩束透镜),也可以没有其他元件,本公开对此不作限制,只要第二合光单元122可以接收到第二行激光芯片112发射的激光光束即可。
第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122的排列方向与第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112的排列方向平行。示例性地,第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122的排列方向平行于第一方向X。
基于上述设置,第一合光单元121可以被配置为接收第一行激光芯片111中各个第一色激光芯片和各个第二色激光芯片发射的激光光束,第二合光单元122可以被配置为接收第二行激光芯片112中各个红色激光芯片发射的激光光束,并且,第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122可以将各自接收的激光光束合光。例如,第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122可以将第一行激光芯片111中各个第一色激光芯片发射的第一色激光光束、各个第二色激光芯片发射的第二色激光光束以及第二行激光芯片112中各个红色激光芯片发射的红色激光光束合光。示例性地,第一行激光芯片111出射的激光光束从第一合光单元121出射的光路与第二行激光芯片112出射的激光光束从第二合光单元122出射的光路大致重合。
相较于相关技术中,合光镜组包括三个甚至更多的合光单元,本公开一些实施例中的合光镜组的光路较为简洁,光学构造也较为简单,使得光源的光路较为简洁,可以进一步缩小光源的尺寸。
参见图7,在一些实施例中,第一合光单元121包括第一反射镜1211,第二合光单元122包括半透半反镜1221。第一反射镜1211被配置为接收第一行激光芯片111发出的激光光束,并将第一行激光芯片111发出的激光光束反射向半透半反镜1221。半透半反镜 1221被配置为接收并反射第二行激光芯片112发出的激光光束,并透射第一行激光芯片111发出的激光光束。这样,第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122可以将第一行激光芯片111发射的激光光束和第二行激光芯片112发射的激光光束合光,且第二合光单元122可以沿第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122的排列方向(例如第一方向X)出射光束。
图8为根据一些实施例的再一种光源的结构图。参见图8,在一些实施例中,半透半反镜1221被配置为接收并透射第二行激光芯片112发出的激光光束,并反射第一行激光芯片111发出的激光光束。这样,第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122可以将第一行激光芯片111发射的激光光束和第二行激光芯片112发射的激光光束合光,且第二合光单元122出射的光束可以具有与第一合光单元121和第二合光单元122的排列方向(例如第一方向X)不同的传播方向,例如,第二合光单元122可以沿与第三方向Z平行的方向出射光束。
参见图7和图8,由于第一行激光芯片111射出的光束的面积可以小于或等于第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112射出的光束的重叠面积,因此,第一反射镜1211的面积可以小于或等于半透半反镜1221的面积。这样,半透半反镜1221可以接收第一行激光芯片111和第二行激光芯片112射出的全部光束。
光源10在工作时可以依序出射不同颜色的光斑。例如在一个时刻,光源10仅出射一种颜色的光斑。图9A为根据一些实施例的合光镜组射出的光束的光斑的结构图。参见图9A,多个同一色激光芯片发射的光束混合后形成矩形的光斑S1。由于激光器阵列中同一色激光芯片位于同一行,且合光镜组中一个合光单元(例如第一合光单元或第二合光单元)可以接收一行激光芯片射出的激光光束,因此,在激光器阵列工作时,位于同一行的一个或多个同色激光芯片射出的激光光束,经过合光镜组后得到的光斑S1的尺寸与该一个或多个同色激光芯片的位置和排列有关。
例如,由于一行激光芯片在行方向上的尺寸大于在其列方向(列方向可以为第一行激光芯片和第二行激光芯片的排列方向,例如与行方向垂直)上的尺寸,因此,在一个或多个同色激光芯片发光时,合光镜组射出的光束的光斑S1的尺寸在该光斑S1的一个方向上的尺寸较大,在另一个方向上的尺寸较小。例如,该光斑S1的长边尺寸与短边尺寸之间的比值大致为3:1(有时甚至可以达到7:1)。然而,用于接收光源发出的光束的投影屏幕的长宽比大致为16:9,这导致从合光镜组出射的光束形成的光斑的形状与投影屏幕的形状不适配。
此外,根据光学原理中的光学扩展量的计算公式可知,激光投影设备的照明的扩展量计算公式为:
π×S×(SinQ) 2  (1)。
在上述公式(1)中,S为激光投影设备中的光阀240的受光面的面积,这里,光阀的受光面通常为矩形,因此,光阀的受光面的面积S可以用受光面的长边的宽度H1与短边的宽度H2的乘积表示;Q为激光光束经过激光投影设备中的镜头30的出射角度,在镜头的型号确定后,镜头的F#的值是确定的,F#为镜头30的焦距与镜头30的通光直径的比值。因此,可以根据镜头的F#确定激光光束经过镜头后的出射角Q,其中,F#与Q之间的关系如下:Q=1/(2F#)。
也即是,激光投影设备的照明的扩展量计算公式为:
π×H1×H2×Sin 2(1/(2F#))  (2)。
根据上述公式(2)可知,在光阀240的型号和镜头30的型号确定后,激光投影设备的照明的扩展量是确定的,对应的长边和短边的拉格朗日不变量是确定的。然而,由于激光器阵列发出的激光光束经合光镜组合光后形成的光斑的长边的尺寸大于短边的尺寸,因此,合光镜组出射的激光光束在光斑的长边方向上的出射角大于在光斑在短边方向上的出射角。如此,光斑的长边和短边中的至少一个的拉格朗日不变量是不满足要求的。
例如,拉格朗日不变量的公式如下:
n×SinQ×Y=n’×SinQ’×Y’  (3)。
在上述公式(3)中,n与n’为传输介质的折射率,在激光投影设备中,n与n’均可以为空气的折射率,因此,n=n’;Q为激光光束经过激光投影设备中的镜头的出射角度;Y为成像物体的像高;Q’为激光光束射向镜头的入射角度,由于光源的激光光束从第一匀光部件210出射后会经过多次反射或透射,并射向镜头。因此,Q’可以用第一匀光部件210的出射角度来表示;Y’为成像物体的物高。
由于激光光束经过镜头后的成像画面的长宽比与光阀的受光面的长宽比相同。因此,根据拉格朗日不变量的公式可知,光斑的长边在经过镜头出射后的表达式可以为:n×Sin(1/(2F#))×H1,光斑的短边在经过镜头出射后的表达式可以为:n×Sin(1/(2F#))×H2。而光斑的长边在射向投影镜头时的表达式可以为:n’×Sin(Q1’)×d1,光斑的短边在射向镜头时的表达式可以为:n’×Sin(Q2’)×d2。其中,d1为激光光束合光后形成的光斑的长边的尺寸,d2为激光光束合光后形成的光斑的短边的尺寸;Q1’为射向第一匀光部件210的激光光束在光斑的长边方向上的出射角,Q2’为射向第一匀光部件210的激光光束在光斑的短边方向上的出射角。
为了保证激光投影设备对出光效率较高,通常需要让光斑的长边满足拉格朗日不变量。也即,需要保证k×Sin(1/(2F#))×H1=Sin(Q1’)×d1。其中,k为常数。
上述表达式中的Q1’与Q2’满足以下关系式:
Figure PCTCN2022103190-appb-000001
在上述公式(4)和公式(5)中,D1为第一匀光部件210的长边的宽度,D2为第一匀光部件的短边的宽度,F为第一匀光部件的焦距。在激光投影设备中,光阀需要与第一匀光部件对应。也即,第一匀光部件的长宽比需要与光阀的受光面的长宽比近似相同。如此,根据上述关系是可以得出:Q1’与Q2’之间的比值近似等于H1:H2。
由上可知,由于激光光束合光后形成的光斑的长边的尺寸大于短边的尺寸,因此,当k×Sin(1/(2F#))×H1=Sin(Q1’)×d1时,k×Sin(1/(2F#))×H2>Sin(Q2’)×d2。如此,由于激光光束合光后形成的光斑的长边的尺寸大于短边的尺寸,从而激光光束在光斑的短边方向上的光学扩展量损失量较大,进而导致光阀对光源发出的激光光束的传输效率较低。
图10A为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。图10B为图10A所示光源的俯视图。需要说明的是,图10B中省略了第一行激光芯片和第二行激光芯片的具体结构。
参见图10A和图10B,为了解决上述问题,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括整形镜组130。整形镜组130被配置为接收合光镜组120射出的光束。示例性地,整形镜组130设置在合光镜组120的出光路径上。
需要说明的是,第一柱透镜131和合光镜组120之间也可以设置其他元件(例如缩束透镜181,将在下文进行说明),也可以没有其他元件,本公开对此不作限制,只要合光镜组120射出的光束可以透射第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132即可。
整形镜组130被配置为对接收到的光束进行整形,使得从整形镜组130出射的光束的光斑在该光斑的长边方向上的宽度,小于入射至整形镜组130的光束的光斑在该光斑的长边方向上的宽度。这样,可以减小光束在其光斑的短边方向上的光学扩展量的损失量,进而可以提高光阀对光源发出的激光光束的传输效率。
在一些实施例中,从整形镜组130出射的光束的光斑在该光斑的长边方向上的宽度,可以等于入射至整形镜组130的光束的光斑在该光斑的短边方向上的宽度,即,二者的比值可以为1。示例性地,当k×Sin(1/(2F#))×H1=Sin(Q1’)×d1时,由于d1:d2的值为1,因此,可以满足k×Sin(1/(2F#))×H2=Sin(Q2’)×d2。如此,能够减小激光光束在光斑的短边方向上的光学扩展量损失量,进一步提高了光阀对光源发出的激光束的传 输效率。
在一些实施例中,整形镜组130具有第一柱形弧面131a和第二柱形弧面132a。沿合光镜组120射出光束的光路方向,第一柱形弧面131a相对于第二柱形弧面132a更靠近合光镜组120,这样,合光镜组120射出的光束可以通过第一柱形弧面131a射至第二柱形弧面132a。整形镜组130被配置为通过第一柱形弧面131a在合光镜组120射出的光束的光斑的长边方向将该光束进行会聚,并且,整形镜组130还被配置为通过第二柱形弧面132a将会聚后的光束进行准直。
图11为光束穿过具有柱形弧面的透镜的示意图。参见图11,具有柱形弧面(也可以称为柱面)的透镜在垂直于柱形弧面的母线L的方向上具有曲率,可以改变光束的聚散度,而在平行于柱形弧面的母线L的方向上没有曲率,不改变光束的聚散度。这样,具有柱形弧面的透镜可以用于改变经过该透镜的光束的一个方向的尺寸。
基于上述,整形镜组130通过第一柱形弧面131a和第二柱形弧面132a,可以在不改变合光镜组120射出的光束的光斑的长边方向上的形状的前提下,减小光束的光斑在长边方向上的尺寸。
继续参见图10A和图10B,在一些实施例中,整形镜组130包括第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132。沿激光器阵列110射出光束的光路方向,第一柱透镜131相比于第二柱透镜132更靠近合光镜组120。这样,合光镜组120射出的光束可以通过第一柱透镜131射至第二柱透镜132。第一柱透镜131具有第一柱形弧面131a,第二柱透镜132具有第二柱形弧面132a。
图11示出了具有柱形弧面的柱透镜。需要说明的是,图11中柱透镜为平凸柱面透镜,可以理解地,柱透镜为平凹柱面透镜时,其在不同方向上对光线也具有不同的调制作用,相关说明可以参照下文。平凸柱面透镜与平凸柱面透镜的主要区别在于,平凸柱面透镜可以会聚光束,而平凹柱面透镜可以扩散光束。
参见图11,柱透镜(例如第一柱透镜或第二柱透镜)可以具有一个上述柱形弧面A和一个平面B。柱透镜在垂直于柱面的母线L的方向上具有曲率,可以改变光束的聚散度,而在平行于柱面的母线L的方向上没有曲率,不改变光束的聚散度。这样,柱透镜可以用于改变经过柱透镜的光束的一个方向的尺寸。
继续参见图10A和图10B,在一些实施例中,第一柱透镜131为平凸柱面透镜,具有第一柱形弧面131a。第二柱透镜132为平凹柱面透镜,具有第二柱形弧面132a。第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1与第二柱形弧面132a的母线L2平行,且第二柱透镜132的焦点f2与第一柱透镜的焦点f1重合。在此情况下,第二柱透镜132的焦点f2与第一柱透镜131的焦点f1重合的位置位于第二柱透镜132远离第一柱透镜131的一侧。当第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132按照上述方式设置时,合光镜组120射出的大致平行的光束可以被第一柱透镜131接收,第一柱透镜131可以将该光束在垂直于第一柱透镜131的母线L1的方向(例如在平行于X-Y平面的方向)上进行会聚后透射至第二柱透镜132。第二柱透镜132接收光束,第二柱透镜132可以将该光束在垂直于第二柱透镜132的母线L2的方向(例如在平行于X-Z平面的方向)上进行发散,可以使得透射第二柱透镜132的光束大致平行地出射。也可以说,第二柱透镜132将第一柱透镜131会聚后的光束进行准直。这样,第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132可以在不改变光束的光斑在垂直于第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1的方向(例如在平行于X-Y平面的方向)上的形状的前提下减小光束的光斑在该方向上的尺寸。此外,由于第二柱透镜132的焦点f2与第一柱透镜131的焦点f1重合的位置位于第二柱透镜132远离第一柱透镜131的一侧,因此,第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132之间的距离较近,进而光源10整体的体积可以较小。
图12A为根据一些实施例的光源的结构图。图12B为图12A所示光源的俯视图。需要说明的是,图12B中省略了第一行激光芯片和第二行激光芯片的具体结构。
参见图12A和图12B,在一些实施例中,第一柱透镜131为平凸柱面透镜,具有第一 柱形弧面131a。第二柱透镜132也为平凸柱面透镜,具有第二柱形弧面132a。第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1与第二柱形弧面132a的母线L2平行,且第二柱透镜132的焦点f2与第一柱透镜的焦点f1重合。在此情况下,第二柱透镜132的焦点f2与第一柱透镜131的焦点f1重合的位置位于第二柱透镜132和第一柱透镜131之间。当第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132按照上述方式设置时,合光镜组120射出的大致平行的光束可以被第一柱透镜131接收,第一柱透镜131可以将该光束在垂直于第一柱透镜131的母线L1的方向(例如在平行于X-Y平面的方向)上进行会聚后透射至第二柱透镜132。第二柱透镜132接收光束,并可以使得透射第二柱透镜132的光束大致平行地出射。也可以说,第二柱透镜132将第一柱透镜131会聚后的光束进行准直。这样,第一柱透镜131和第二柱透镜132可以在不改变光束在垂直于第一柱透镜131的柱面母线L1的方向(例如在平行于X-Y平面的方向)上的形状的前提下减小光束在该方向上的尺寸。
图13为合光镜组射出的光束透射第一柱透镜的示意图。参见图13,在一些实施例中,参照上文的说明,合光镜组射出的光束的光斑S1为矩形光斑,该矩形光斑的长边S1a垂直于第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1。参照上文的说明,第一柱透镜131可以是平凸柱面透镜,可以减小合光镜组射出的光束的光斑在垂直于第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1的方向上的尺寸。又因为合光镜组射出的光束的矩形光斑的长边S1a垂直于第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1,因此,第一柱透镜131可以减小光斑S1在其长边方向上的尺寸。此外,合光镜组射出的光束的矩形光斑的短边S1b平行于第一柱形弧面131a的母线L1,因此,第一柱透镜131可以不改变光斑S1在其短边方向上的尺寸。示例性地,参见图9A和图9B,图9B为整形镜组透射出的光束形成的光斑的结构图。第一柱透镜可以将光斑S1在其长边方向上的尺寸缩小至原来的三分之一或者二分之一,可以形成图9B所示的光斑S2。相比于光斑S1,光斑S2的形状与投影屏幕的形状可以更匹配,进而可以提高用户的使用体验。
此外,由于矩形光斑的长边垂直于第一柱形弧面的母线,因此,第一柱透镜对合光镜组射出的光束的会聚效率较高,可以提高光源中光束传输效率,减小合光镜组出射的光束在传输过程中发散程度较大而导致的亮度损耗。
图14为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。参见图14,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括缩束透镜181和第二匀光部件182。示例性地,缩束透镜181和第二匀光部件182可以沿光路方向依次设置。缩束透镜181和第二匀光部件182可以被配置为接收合光镜组120出射的光束,并对该光束进行相应调整。
缩束透镜181可以为球面透镜或非球面透镜。示例性地,光源10包括两片凸透镜(即,两个缩束透镜181),这两片凸透镜可以均为球面透镜。球面透镜在成型和精度控制上相较于非球面透镜更加容易,因此光源的制造难度和成本可以较小。当然,上述两片凸透镜也可以均为非球面透镜,本公开对此不作限制。
第二匀光部件182被配置为对接收到的光束进行整形匀化。需要说明的是,光束匀化可以指将强度分布不均匀的光束整形成强度分布均匀的光束。
第二匀光部件182可以为光导管或复眼透镜。光导管可以是空心光导管,即一种由四片平面反射片拼接而成的管状器件。光导管也可以为实心光导管。光线可以在光导管内部多次反射,可以实现匀光的效果。示例性地,光导管的入光口和出光口为形状和面积均相同的矩形。在光导管接收到的光束的光斑为矩形的情况下,该矩形光斑的长边可以与第二匀光部件182的矩形入光口的长边平行。这样,可以使得更多的光束射入第二匀光部件182,可以减少光束的损耗。
缩束透镜181被配置为对第二柱透镜132射出的光束进行会聚,并将会聚后的光束导向第二匀光部件182。示例性地,缩束透镜181的焦点可以设置于第二匀光部件182的入光面处。这样,可以提高第二匀光部件182的收光效率。
需要说明的是,在光源10包括第二匀光部件182的情况下,可以省略光机20中的第一匀光部件210。
图15为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。参见图15,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括第二反射镜140。第一柱透镜131、第二反射镜140和第二柱透镜132沿光路方向依次设置。
第二反射镜140可以使光源10中的光束的传播路径发生转折,从而减小光源10在一个方向上的尺寸。例如,在平行于合光镜组120透射的光的出射方向(例如第一方向X)上,光源10的尺寸可以较小。在一些实施例中,第一柱透镜131与第二反射镜140的排布方向垂直于第二反射镜140与第二柱透镜132的排布方向。这样,第二反射镜140可以使光束的传播路径转折90°,可以进一步减小光源10在一个方向(例如第一方向X)上的尺寸。
如图15所示,光源10还包括消散斑部件183。消散斑部件183可以为扩散轮或振动扩散片。消散斑部件183可以起到消散斑效果,以进一步提高激光光束的光斑的均匀性。示例性地,沿光路方向,消散斑部件183位于缩束透镜181和第二匀光部件182之间。当消散斑部件183为扩散轮时,其与扩散轮186可以具有相同的结构和功能,二者可以互换。
在激光器阵列中,不同颜色激光芯片中发光材料的发光机理不同。示例性地,蓝色激光芯片和绿色激光芯片是利用砷化镓发光材料产生蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束,而红色激光芯片是利用氮化镓发光材料产生红色激光光束。由于不同颜色激光芯片中发光材料的发光机理不同,红色激光芯片与蓝色激光芯片和绿色激光芯片在发光过程中的谐振腔震荡的方向不同,使得红色激光光束的偏振方向与蓝色激光光束的偏振方向不同,并且与绿色激光光束的偏振方向也不同。示例性地,红色激光光束可以为P偏振光,蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束可以为S偏振光。P偏振光的偏振方向和S偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
在激光投影设备的应用中,激光投影设备可以配置具有较高增益和对比度的超短焦投影屏幕,例如菲涅尔光学屏幕,以较好地还原高亮度和高对比度的投影画面。由于菲涅尔光学屏幕会对不同偏振方向的光束的透过率和反射率呈现明显的不同,因此,在红色激光光束的偏振方向与蓝色激光光束的偏振方向不同,并且与绿色激光光束的偏振方向也不同的情况下,不同颜色的光被屏幕反射进入人眼的光通量可能发生失衡,这会导致在投影画面上局部区域的偏色的问题,进而导致投影画面中出现“色块”等色度不均匀的现象。
图16A为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。图16B为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。参见图16A和图16B,为了解决上述问题,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括半波片184。半波片184可以被配置为改变接收到的光束的偏振方向。
参见图16A,在一些实施例中,半波片184设置在第一行激光芯片111的出光面与第一合光单元121之间。半波片184可以根据第一色激光光束(例如为蓝色激光光束)和第二色激光光束(例如为绿色激光光束)二者之间的波长进行设置。这样,使得第一行激光芯片111发射的第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束经过半波片184后,光束偏振方向可以发生90°变化。例如,第一行激光芯片111发射的蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束透过半波片184后,变为P偏振光。这样,光源10射出的红色激光光束、第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束的偏振方向一致,可以改善投影画面出现“色斑”或“色块”等色度不均匀的问题。
参见图16B,在一些实施例中,半波片184设置在第二行激光芯片112的出光面与第二合光单元122之间。半波片184可以根据红色激光光束的波长设置。这样,第二行激光芯片112射出的红色激光光束经过半波片184后,光束偏振方向可以发生90°变化。例如,第二行激光芯片112发射的红色激光光束透过半波片184后,变为S偏振光。这样,光源10射出的红色激光光束、第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束的偏振方向一致,可以改善投影画面出现“色斑”或“色块”等色度不均匀的问题。
此外,在合光镜组120射出的光束具有一致的偏振方向的情况下,该光束在经过相同的光学部件(例如,整形镜组130、第二反射镜140、缩束透镜181等)时,可以具有相同的光学透过率或反射率,从而可以提高光束的均匀性,有利于提高投影显示效果。但是, 这样的光源发出的光相干性较强,导致激光投影设备的投影画面中存在较为严重的散斑效应,投影画面的显示效果较差。
图17为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图,图18为图17所示光源中激光器阵列和第一偏振角转换单元的结构图。参见图17和18,在一些实施例中,为了解决上文所说明的散斑问题,光源10还包括第一偏振角转换单元171。
在光源10中,第一行激光芯片111包括至少两个第一色激光芯片111a。第一行激光芯片111包括第一激光芯片组G1和第二激光芯片组G2。第一激光芯片组G1包括至少一个第一色激光芯片111a,第二激光芯片组G2包括至少一个第一色激光芯片111a。也可以说,第一激光芯片组G1和第二激光芯片组G2均包括至少一个第一色激光芯片111a。
需要说明的是,参见上文的说明,第一色激光芯片111a为蓝色激光芯片。但并不局限于此,第一色激光芯片111a也可以为绿色激光芯片。
沿第一激光芯片组G1射出的光束的光路方向,第一偏振角转换单元171设置在第一激光芯片组G1与合光镜组120之间。示例性地,在激光器阵列110的出光面110a上,第一激光芯片组G1的正投影位于第一偏振角转换单元171的正投影以内。这样,第一激光芯片组G1中各个激光芯片发射的激光光束可以经过第一偏振角转换单元171射入至合光镜组120。
第一偏振角转换单元171可以被配置为改变射入第一偏振角转换单元171的激光光束的偏振方向。
参照上文的说明,由于不同颜色激光芯片中发光材料的发光机理不同,红色激光芯片与蓝色激光芯片和绿色激光芯片在发光过程中的谐振腔震荡的方向不同,使得红色激光光束的偏振方向与蓝色激光光束的偏振方向不同,并且与绿色激光光束的偏振方向也不同。示例性地,红色激光光束可以为P偏振光,蓝色激光光束和绿色激光光束可以为S偏振光。P偏振光和S偏振光的偏振方向垂直。
基于上述,并继续参见图17和图18,第一偏振角转换单元171可以接收第一激光芯片组G1中各个激光芯片出射的激光光束,并改变该激光光束的偏振方向。例如,将该激光光束的偏振方向旋转90°。这样,第一激光芯片组G1中的至少一个第一色激光芯片111a发射的第一色激光光束可以通过第一偏振角转换单元171后入射合光镜组120,并且,相比于第二激光芯片组G2中的至少一个第一色激光芯片111a发出的直接入射合光镜组120的第一色激光光束,第一激光芯片组G1中的至少一个第一色激光芯片111a发射的第一色激光光束通过第一偏振角转换单元171后,偏振方向发生了90°的偏转。这样,入射至合光镜组120的第一色激光光束可以具有两种偏振方向,可以使得第一色激光光束的相干性降低,从而改善激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑现象。
在一些实施例中,第一行激光芯片111包括至少两个第二色激光芯片111b。第一激光芯片组G1还包括至少一个第二色激光芯片111b,第二激光芯片组G2还包括至少一个第二色激光芯片111b。也可以说,第一激光芯片组G1和第二激光芯片组G2均包括至少一个第二色激光芯片111b。
由于第一偏振角转换单元171设置在第一激光芯片组G1与合光镜组120之间,因此,第一激光芯片组G1中各个第二色激光芯片111b发射的第二色激光光束可以通过第一偏振角转换单元171而入射至合光镜组120。这样,与第一色激光光束类似地,入射合光镜组120的第二色激光光束也可以具有两种偏振方向,从而使得第二色激光光束的相干性降低,进一步改善了激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑效应。
第二色激光芯片111b可以为蓝色激光芯片或绿色激光芯片,且第二色激光芯片111b发射激光光束的颜色与第一色激光芯片111a发射激光光束的颜色不同。示例性地,第一色激光芯片111a为蓝色激光芯片,第二色激光芯片111b为绿色激光芯片。又示例性地,第一色激光芯片111a为绿色激光芯片,第二色激光芯片111b为蓝色激光芯片。
图19为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图,图20为图19所示的光源中激光器 阵列、第一偏振角转换单元和第二偏振角转换单元的结构示意图。参见图19和图20,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括第二偏振角转换单元172。沿第二行激光芯片射出的光束的光路方向,第二偏振角转换单元172设置在第二行激光芯片112中的部分红色激光芯片112a与合光镜组120之间。示例性地,在激光器阵列110的出光面110a上,第二行激光芯片112中的部分红色激光芯片112a的正投影位于第二偏振角转换单元172的正投影以内。这样,第二激光芯片组G1中该部分红色激光芯片112a发射的红色激光光束可以通过第二偏振角转换单元172而入射至合光镜组120。
与第一偏振角转换单元171类似地,第二偏振角转换单元172可以被配置为改变射入第二偏振角转换单元172的激光光束的偏振方向。示例性地,第二偏振角转换单元172可以接收第二行激光芯片112中该部分红色激光芯片112a出射的红色激光光束,并改变该激光光束的偏振方向。例如,将该激光光束的偏振方向旋转90°。这样,与第一色激光光束或第二色激光光束类似地,入射至合光镜组120的红色激光光束可以具有两种偏振方向,可以使得红色激光光束的相干性较低,可以改善激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑现象。
需要说明的是,参见图20,本公开对第一激光芯片组G1包含的激光芯片的数量不作限制。示例性地,第一激光芯片组G1包括三个激光芯片。或者,第一激光芯片组G1包括四个激光芯片。类似地,本公开对第二偏振角转换单元172对应部分红色激光芯片的数量不作限制。示例性地,该部分红色激光芯片的数量为三个。或者,该部分红色激光芯片的数量为四个。
需要说明的是,在一些实施例中,光源10包括第一偏振角转换单元,而不包括第二偏振角转换单元。在另一些实施例中,光源10包括第二偏振角转换单元,而不包括第一偏振角转换单元。在又一些实施例中,参见图19和图20,光源10既包括第一偏振角转换单元171,又包括第二偏振角转换单元172。在此情况下,在光源10中,合光镜组120接收的第一色激光光束、第二色激光光束和红色激光光束可以均具有两种偏振方向,使得相同颜色的激光光束的相干性较低,可以进一步改善激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑现象。
参见图19和图20,在一些实施例中,光源10包括第一偏振角转换单元171和第二偏振角转换单元172。第一色激光芯片111a和第二色激光芯片111b发出的激光光束的偏振方向可以为第一偏振方向,红色激光芯片112a发出的激光光束的偏振方向可以为第二偏振方向。第一偏振角转换单元171可以被配置为将具有第一偏振方向的激光光束转换为具有第二偏振方向的激光光束,并且,第二偏转角转换单元172可以被配置为将具有第二偏振方向的激光光束转换为具有第一偏振方向的激光光束。
示例性地,第一色激光芯片111a为蓝色激光芯片,第二色激光芯片111b为绿色激光芯片,蓝色激光光束以及绿色激光光束均为S偏振光,具有第一偏振方向。红色激光光束为P偏振光,具有第二偏振方向。在此情况下,第一偏振方向可以与第二偏振方向垂直。在一些实施例中,第一偏振角转换单元171和第二偏振角转换单元172均可以为半波片,半波片可以将射入至该半波片的激光光束的偏振方向旋转90°。这样,合光镜组120接收到的红色激光光束中的一部分可以具有第一偏振方向,另一部分可以具有第二偏振方向。合光镜组120接收到的第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束中均存在一部分激光光束具有第一偏振方向,另一部分激光光束具有第二偏振方向。这样,光源10中红色激光光束、第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束的相干性可以较小,从而改善激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑效应。此外,合光镜组120接收到的三种颜色的激光光束中的每一种均具有两种不同的偏振方向,且该两种不同的偏振方向为第一偏振方向和第二偏振方向。这样,光源10中三种激光光束的偏振性质较为统一,便于对这三种激光光束进行调控,可以简化光源的结构。
在一些实施例中,第二行激光芯片112包括第一红色激光芯片组G3和第二红色激光芯片组G4。第一红色激光芯片组G3包括至少一个红色激光芯片112a,第二红色激光芯片组G4包括至少一个红色激光芯片112a。在一些实施例中,第一红色激光芯片组G3包括 多个红色激光芯片112a,多个红色激光芯片112a连续排列。类似地,在一些实施例中,第二红色激光芯片组G3包括多个红色激光芯片112a,多个红色激光芯片112a连续排列。
第二偏振角转换单元172设置在第二红色激光芯片组G4与合光镜组120之间。这样,第二红色激光芯片组G4中各个红色激光芯片112a发射的红色激光光束可以通过第二偏振角转换单元172而射入合光镜组120。
在一些实施例中,第一激光芯片组G1和第一红色激光芯片组G3在激光器阵列110中排成一列,并且,第二激光芯片组G2和第二红色激光芯片组G4在激光器阵列110中排成一列。示例性地,第一激光芯片组G1和第一红色激光芯片组G3在激光器阵列110中沿第一方向X排成一列,第二激光芯片组G2和第二红色激光芯片组G4在激光器阵列110中沿第一方向X排成一列。
图21为激光器阵列的结构图。参见图20和图21,由于第一激光芯片组G1和第一红色激光芯片组G3在激光器阵列110中排成一列,并且,第二激光芯片组G2和第二红色激光芯片组G4在激光器阵列110中排成一列,因此,激光器阵列110可以具有第一区域AR1和第二区域AR2,排成一列的第一激光芯片组G1和第一红色激光芯片组G3位于第一区域AR1中,排成一列的第二激光芯片组G2和第二红色激光芯片组G4位于第二区域AR2中。
由于第一激光芯片组G1发出的激光光束具有第一偏振方向,该激光光束经过第一偏振角转换单元171后可以具有第二偏振方向,并且第一红色激光芯片组G3发射的激光光束具有第二偏振方向,因此,从第一区域AR1出射的激光光束均可以具有第二偏振方向。类似地,由于第二激光芯片组G2发出的激光光束具有第一偏振方向,并且第二红色激光芯片组G4发射的激光光束具有第二偏振方向,且该激光光束经过第二偏振角转换单元172后可以具有第一偏振方向,因此,从第二区域AR2出射的激光光束均可以具有第一偏振方向。这样,光源10中三种激光光束的偏振性质较为统一,且分布较为规则,便于对这三种激光光束进行调控,可以简化光源的结构。
参见图19和图20,在一些实施例中,合光镜组120包括第三合光单元123和第四合光单元124。第三合光单元123被配置为接收第一激光芯片组G1射出且通过第一偏振角转换单元171的光束,并且被配置为接收第一红色激光芯片组G3射出的光束。这样,第三合光单元123可以被配置为接收具有第二偏振方向的第一色激光光束、第二色激光光束和红色激光光束。
第四合光单元124被配置为接收第二激光芯片组G2射出的光束,并且被配置为接收第二红色激光芯片组G4射出且通过第二偏振角转换单元172的光束。这样,第四合光单元124可以被配置为接收具有第一偏振方向的第一色激光光束、第二色激光光束和红色激光光束。
第三合光单元123和第四合光单元124可以将各自接收到的激光光束进行合光这样,可以使得第一偏振态的激光光束和第二偏振态的激光光束较为均匀地混合成一束混合光束,使得从合光镜组120出射的激光光束的相干性较低,可以改善激光投影设备发出的光束的散斑效应,提高激光投影设备的投影效果。
参见图19,在一些实施例中,第三合光单元123和第四合光单元124的排列方向平行于第一行激光芯片111或第二行激光芯片112的行方向。在一些实施例中,第一行激光芯片111的行方向平行于第二行激光芯片112的行方向。在此情况下,第三合光单元123和第四合光单元124的排列方向、第一行激光芯片111的行方向以及第二行激光芯片112的行方向,这三者相互平行,例如均平行于第二方向Y。
如上设置,可以实现第三合光单元123和第四合光单元124将同一行激光芯片发射的、同色但具有不同偏振方向的两种激光光束合光的目的,并且合光镜组的光路可以较为简单,光源的结构也可以较为简单。
在一些实施例中,第三合光单元123包括第三反射镜1231,第四合光单元124包括偏 振分束器1241。第三反射镜1231被配置为将接收到的光束反射向偏振分束器1241。偏振分束器1241被配置为透射第三反射镜1231反射的光束,并且,偏振分束器1241还被配置为反射透过第二偏振角转换单元172的光束,并反射第二激光芯片组G2射出的光束。
偏振分束器1241可以允许射入的第二偏振方向的偏振光完全通过,而将射入的第一偏振方向的偏振光反射。这样,偏振分束器1241可以将接收到的第一偏振态的激光光束和接收到的第二偏振态的激光光束合光后导向后续的光学元件中,可以使得第一偏振态的激光光束和第二偏振态的激光光束较为均匀地混合成一束混合光束,可以使得该混合光束的相干性较低。
参见图19,在一些实施例中,第一偏振角转换单元171包括第一波片1711。第一波片1711被配置为接收第一激光芯片组G1包含的至少一个第一色激光芯片111a射出的光束(即第一色激光光束),以及接收第一激光芯片组G1包含的至少一个第二色激光芯片111b射出的光束(即第二色激光光束)。这样,第一激光芯片组G1中的各个第一色激光芯片111a和各个第二色激光芯片111b可以对应一块第一波片1711,可以使得第一偏振角转换单元171的结构较为简单。
在一些实施例中,第一波片1711可以根据第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束对应的两种波长中的一种波长进行配置。在一些实施例中,第一波片1711可以根据第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束对应的两种波长的中间值进行配置。
图22为一种激光器阵列、第一偏振角转换单元和第二偏振角转换单元的结构图。参见图22,在一些实施例中,第一偏振角转换单元171包括第二波片1712和第三波片1713。第二波片1712被配置为接收第一激光芯片组G1包含的至少一个第一色激光芯片111a射出的光束(即第一色激光光束)。第三波片1713被配置为接收第一激光芯片组G1中包含的至少一个第二色激光芯片111b射出的光束(即第二色激光光束)。这样,第二波片1712可以根据第一色激光光束的波长进行配置,第三波片1713可以根据第二色激光光束的波长进行配置,可以使得第一色激光光束和第二色激光光束分别经过第二波片1712和第三波片1713后,光束的偏振极性发生90°变化。
图23为根据一些实施例的又一种光源的结构图。参见图23,在一些实施例中,光源10还包括扩散片组件187、缩束透镜181、消散斑部件183以及第二匀光部件182。沿合光镜组120射出的光束的光路方向,扩散片组件187、缩束透镜181、消散斑部件183以及第二匀光部件182可以依次设置。
对于缩束透镜181、消散斑部件183以及第二匀光部件182的说明可以参照上文的相关说明,在此不再赘述。
以上所述,仅为本公开的具体实施方式,但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内,想到变化或替换,以及在不冲突的情况下所做的各种特征的组合,都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此,本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种光源,包括:
    激光器阵列,所述激光器阵列包括:
    基板,
    设置在所述基板上的第一行激光芯片,所述第一行激光芯片包括至少一个第一色激光芯片和至少一个第二色激光芯片;
    设置在所述基板上的第二行激光芯片,所述第二行激光芯片包括至少两个红色激光芯片;
    其中,在所述第二行激光芯片的行方向上,沿所述第二行激光芯片的边缘区域指向中央区域的方向,所述第二行激光芯片中的各个红色激光芯片的中心波长依次增大。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光源,其中,
    所述第二行激光芯片包括位于所述中央区域的至少一个第一红色激光芯片,以及位于所述至少一个第一红色激光芯片两侧的至少两个第二红色激光芯片;
    所述至少一个第一红色激光芯片具有第一中心波长,在所述至少两个第二红色激光芯片中,与所述中央区域之间的距离相等的两个第二红色激光芯片的中心波长相等。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一色激光芯片被配置为发射蓝色激光光束,所述第二色激光芯片被配置为发射绿色激光光束;
    在所述第一行激光芯片的行方向上,所述第一行激光芯片的两个边缘区域的至少一个中设置有第一色激光芯片。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的光源,其中,
    在所述第一行激光芯片的行方向上,所述第一行激光芯片的两个边缘区域中均设置有第一色激光芯片;
    分别位于所述两个边缘区域的两个第一色激光芯片之间设置有至少一个第一色激光芯片,且所述至少一个第一色激光芯片设置在两个第二色激光芯片之间。
  5. 根据权利要求1~4任一项所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一色激光芯片被配置为发射蓝色激光光束,所述第二色激光芯片被配置为发射绿色激光光束;
    所述第一行激光芯片中所述至少一个第二色激光芯片的数量大于所述至少一个第一色激光芯片的数量。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的光源,其中,
    所述红色激光芯片的数量为七个,所述第一色激光芯片的数量为三个,所述第二色激光芯片的数量为四个。
  7. 根据权利要求1~6任一项所述的光源,其中,
    所述激光器阵列还包括:
    设置在所述基板上的三个第一导电引脚和一个第二导电引脚;
    其中,所述三个第一导电引脚分别与串联的多个红色激光芯片的第一端、串联的多个第一色激光芯片的第一端以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片的第一端连接;
    所述第二导电引脚与串联的多个红色激光芯片的第二端、串联的多个第一色激光芯片的第二端以及串联的多个第二色激光芯片的第二端连接;
    所述第一导电引脚和所述第二导电引脚中的一个为正极引脚,另一个为负极引脚。
  8. 根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的光源,还包括:
    合光镜组,被配置为将所述激光器阵列发出的激光光束合光;
    整形镜组,被配置为接收所述合光镜组射出的光束,并对接收到的光束进行整形,使得从所述整形镜组出射的光束的光斑在所述光斑的长边方向上的宽度,小于入射至所述整形镜组的光束的光斑在所述光斑的长边方向上的宽度。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的光源,其中,
    所述整形镜组具有第一柱形弧面和第二柱形弧面,沿所述激光器阵列射出光束的光路方向,所述第一柱形弧面相对于所述第二柱形弧面靠近所述合光镜组;
    所述整形镜组被配置为通过所述第一柱形弧面在所述合光镜组射出的光束的光斑的长边方向将所述光束进行会聚,所述整形镜组还被配置为通过所述第二柱形弧面将会聚后的光束进行准直。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的光源,其中,
    所述整形镜组包括第一柱透镜和第二柱透镜,沿所述激光器阵列射出光束的光路方向,所述第一柱透镜相比于所述第二柱透镜更靠近所述合光镜组;
    所述第一柱透镜具有所述第一柱形弧面,所述第二柱透镜具有所述第二柱形弧面。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一柱透镜为平凸柱面透镜,所述第二柱透镜为平凹柱面透镜或平凸柱面透镜;所述第一柱透镜的所述第一柱形弧面的母线与所述第二柱透镜的所述第二柱形弧面的母线平行,所述第二柱透镜的焦点与所述第一柱透镜的焦点重合。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光源,其中,
    所述合光镜组射出的光束的光斑为矩形光斑,所述矩形光斑的长边垂直于所述第一柱形弧面的母线。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的光源,还包括:
    第二反射镜,所述第一柱透镜、所述第二反射镜和所述第二柱透镜沿所述激光器阵列射出光束的光路方向依次设置。
  14. 根据权利要求8所述的光源,其中,
    所述合光镜组包括第一合光单元和第二合光单元,所述第一合光单元被配置为接收所述第一行激光芯片发射的光束,所述第二合光单元被配置为接收所述第二行激光芯片发射的光束,所述第一合光单元和所述第二合光单元的排列方向与所述第一行激光芯片和所述第二行激光芯片的排列方向平行。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一合光单元包括第一反射镜,所述第二合光单元包括半透半反镜;
    所述第一反射镜被配置为接收所述第一行激光芯片发出的激光光束,并将所述第一行激光芯片发出的激光光束反射向所述半透半反镜;
    所述半透半反镜被配置为接收并反射所述第二行激光芯片发出的激光光束,并透射所述第一行激光芯片发出的激光光束;或者,所述半透半反镜被配置为接收并透射所述第二行激光芯片发出的激光光束,并反射所述第一行激光芯片发出的激光光束。
  16. 根据权利要求8所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一行激光芯片包括至少两个第一色激光芯片组;
    所述第一行激光芯片包括第一激光芯片组和第二激光芯片组,所述第一激光芯片组包括至少一个第一色激光芯片,所述第二激光芯片组包括至少一个第一色激光芯片;
    所述光源还包括:
    第一偏振角转换单元,沿所述第一激光芯片组射出的光束的光路方向,所述第一偏振角转换单元设置在所述第一激光芯片组与所述合光镜组之间。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一行激光芯片包括至少两个第二色激光芯片;
    所述第一激光芯片组还包括至少一个第二色激光芯片,所述第二激光芯片组还包括至少一个第二色激光芯片。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的光源,还包括:
    第二偏振角转换单元,沿所述第二行激光芯片射出的光束的光路方向,所述第二偏振角转换单元设置在所述第二行激光芯片中的部分红色激光芯片与所述合光镜组之间。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一色激光芯片和所述第二色激光芯片发出的激光光束的偏振方向为第一偏振方向,所述红色激光芯片发出的激光光束的偏振方向为第二偏振方向,所述第一偏振角转换单元被配置为将具有所述第一偏振方向的激光光束转换为具有所述第二偏振方向的激光光束,所述第二偏振角转换单元被配置为将具有所述第二偏振方向的激光光束转换为具有所述第一偏振方向的激光光束;
    所述第二行激光芯片包括第一红色激光芯片组和第二红色激光芯片组,所述第一红色激光芯片组包括至少一个红色激光芯片,所述第二红色激光芯片组包括至少一个红色激光芯片,沿所述第二红色激光芯片组射出的光束的光路方向,所述第二偏振角转换单元设置在所述第二红色激光芯片组与所述合光镜组之间;
    所述第一激光芯片组和所述第一红色激光芯片组在所述激光器阵列中排成一列,所述第二激光芯片组和所述第二红色激光芯片组在所述激光器阵列中排成另一列。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的光源,其中,
    所述合光镜组包括第三合光单元和第四合光单元,所述第三合光单元被配置为接收所述第一激光芯片组射出且通过所述第一偏振角转换单元的光束,以及所述第一红色激光芯片组射出的光束;所述第四合光单元被配置为接收所述第二激光芯片组射出的光束,以及所述第二红色激光芯片组射出且通过所述第二偏振角转换单元的光束;
    所述第三合光单元和所述第四合光单元的排列方向平行于所述第一行激光芯片或所述第二行激光芯片的行方向。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的光源,其中,
    所述第三合光单元包括第三反射镜,所述第四合光单元包括偏振分束器;
    所述第三反射镜被配置为将接收到的光束反射向所述偏振分束器,所述偏振分束器被配置为透射所述第三反射镜反射的光束,并且被配置为反射透过所述第二偏振角转换单元的光束,以及所述第二激光芯片组射出的光束。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的光源,其中,
    所述第一偏振角转换单元包括第一波片,所述第一波片被配置为接收所述第一激光芯片组中的至少一个第一色激光芯片射出的光束,以及接收所述第一激光芯片组中的至少一个第二色激光芯片射出的光束;或者,所述第一偏振角转换单元包括第二波片和第三波片,所述第二波片被配置为接收所述第一激光芯片组中的至少一个第一色激光芯片射出的光束,所述第三波片用于接收所述第一激光芯片组中的至少一个第二色激光芯片射出的光束。
  23. 一种激光投影设备,包括:
    光源,所述光源为根据权利要求1~22任一项所述的光源,所述光源被配置为发出激光光束;
    光机,所述光机被配置为根据图像信号对射入至所述光机的光束进行调制;以及
    镜头,所述镜头被配置为对射入至所述镜头的光束进行投射以形成投影画面。
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