WO2023080581A1 - 안전성이 강화된 배터리 모듈과 배터리 팩 - Google Patents
안전성이 강화된 배터리 모듈과 배터리 팩 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023080581A1 WO2023080581A1 PCT/KR2022/016850 KR2022016850W WO2023080581A1 WO 2023080581 A1 WO2023080581 A1 WO 2023080581A1 KR 2022016850 W KR2022016850 W KR 2022016850W WO 2023080581 A1 WO2023080581 A1 WO 2023080581A1
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- Prior art keywords
- expansion
- battery
- cell assembly
- battery module
- module
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
- H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/242—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries against vibrations, collision impact or swelling
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
- H01M50/489—Separators, membranes, diaphragms or spacing elements inside the cells, characterised by their physical properties, e.g. swelling degree, hydrophilicity or shut down properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
- H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a battery, and more particularly, to a battery module and battery pack with enhanced safety, and a vehicle including the same.
- a lithium secondary battery mainly use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively.
- a lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate coated with such a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material are disposed with a separator therebetween, and an exterior material that seals and houses the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte, that is, a battery case.
- lithium secondary batteries can be classified into a can-type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a metal can and a pouch-type secondary battery in which an electrode assembly is embedded in a pouch of an aluminum laminate sheet, depending on the shape of an exterior material.
- a plurality of these secondary batteries may constitute one battery module in a form in which a plurality of them are stored together in a module case in a state in which they are electrically connected.
- a plurality of such battery modules may be connected to form one battery pack.
- the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and to provide a battery module having an improved structure, a battery pack including the battery module, and a vehicle, etc., so that safety can be improved when a thermal event occurs inside the battery module.
- the purpose is to provide a battery module having an improved structure, a battery pack including the battery module, and a vehicle, etc., so that safety can be improved when a thermal event occurs inside the battery module.
- a battery module for achieving the above object includes a cell assembly including one or more battery cells; a module case accommodating the cell assembly in an internal space; and an expansion member positioned inside the module case and configured to expand in volume when heat is supplied to fill at least a portion of an empty space inside the module case.
- the expansion member may include a phase change material.
- the battery module according to the present invention may further include an extinguishing member configured to hold an extinguishing substance and release an extinguishing substance therein when the expandable member is inflated.
- the expansion member may be interposed between the cell assembly and the fire extinguishing member.
- the fire extinguishing member may be located above the cell assembly.
- a venting hole may be formed in the module case, and the expansion member may be configured to close at least a portion of the venting hole by expansion.
- the expandable member may be partially configured to have different expansion degrees.
- the expansion member may include a plurality of expansion parts having different reaction temperatures for expansion.
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a battery module according to the present invention.
- a battery pack for achieving the above object includes a cell assembly including one or more battery cells; a pack case accommodating the cell assembly in an inner space; and an expansion member positioned inside the pack case and configured to expand in volume when heat is supplied to fill at least a portion of an empty space inside the pack case.
- a vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object includes a battery module or a battery pack according to the present invention.
- a fire suppression effect when a thermal event occurs inside the battery module, a fire suppression effect can be achieved by filling the empty space.
- the present invention may have various other effects, which will be described in each implementation configuration, or descriptions of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a combined perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A1-A1' in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration in which an expansion member is expanded by heat in the configuration of FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module shown in FIG. 5 .
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an expansion member included in another battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a module case included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view along line A3-A3' in Fig. 8;
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view along the line A4-A4' in Fig. 11;
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of portion A5 in FIG. 12 .
- FIG. 14 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which an expandable member is inflated in the configuration of FIG. 13 .
- 15 is an enlarged view schematically showing some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 16 is an enlarged view schematically showing some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view schematically illustrating some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 18 is a diagram schematically illustrating a configuration in a state in which a portion of an expandable member is inflated in the battery module configuration of FIG. 17 .
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a combined perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the battery module of FIG. 1
- 3 is a cross-sectional view along line A1-A1' in FIG. 1 .
- the battery module according to the present invention includes a cell assembly 100 , a module case 200 and an expandable member 300 .
- the cell assembly 100 may include one or more battery cells 110 .
- each battery cell 110 may mean a secondary battery.
- a secondary battery may include an electrode assembly, an electrolyte, and a battery case.
- the battery cell 110 included in the cell assembly 100 may be a pouch type secondary battery.
- other types of secondary batteries such as cylindrical batteries or prismatic batteries, may also be employed in the cell assembly 100 of the present invention.
- a plurality of secondary batteries may form the cell assembly 100 in a stacked form.
- a plurality of secondary batteries may be stacked side by side in a horizontal direction (Y-axis direction in the drawing) in a state where each is erected in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction in the drawing).
- Each battery cell 110 may have an electrode lead, and the electrode lead may be located at both ends or at one end of each battery cell 110 .
- a secondary battery with electrode leads protruding in both directions is referred to as a bidirectional cell, and a secondary battery with electrode leads protruding in one direction is referred to as a unidirectional cell.
- the present invention is not limited by the specific type or form of the secondary battery, and various types of secondary batteries known at the time of filing of the present invention may be employed in the cell assembly 100 of the present invention.
- the module case 200 may include a top plate 210 , a base plate 220 and a side plate 230 .
- the module case 200 may define an internal space by each of these components, that is, the top plate 210, the base plate 220, and the side plate 230.
- the top plate 210 may be located at the top of the module case 200
- the base plate 220 may be disposed below the top plate 210 at a predetermined distance from the top plate 210 .
- the side plate 230 may be disposed between the top plate 210 and the base plate 220 in a form in which an upper end and a lower end are respectively connected.
- the top plate 210, the base plate 220, and/or the side plate 230 may be configured in the form of a thin sheet, that is, in the form of a plate, but may be configured in the form of a polyhedron having a thickness of a certain level or more, such as a rectangular parallelepiped. there is.
- the side plate 230 may include a left plate 231 , a right plate 232 , a front plate 233 and a rear plate 234 . All or part of the top plate 210, the base plate 220 and/or the side plate 230 may be made of a metal material. Also, at least some of them may be made of a plastic material.
- the left plate 231, the right plate 232, the top plate 210, and the base plate 220 may be made of steel.
- the front plate 233 and the rear plate 234 may be made of a plastic material.
- the top plate 210 , the base plate 220 and the side plate 230 may be integrated with each other.
- the left plate 231 and the right plate 232 may be integrated with the base plate 220 .
- the left plate 231, the right plate 232, and the base plate 220, which are integrated with each other may be referred to as a term such as a U-frame due to their shapes.
- the front plate 233 and the rear plate 234 are end plates, and may be coupled to openings at the front and rear ends of the U-frame, respectively.
- the top plate 210 may be coupled to the upper open portion of the U-frame.
- the module case 200 may be configured in various other forms.
- the base plate 220 and the four side plates 230 may constitute a lower case in an integrated form, that is, in a box form.
- the top plate 210 may be coupled to the top opening of the box-shaped lower case.
- the base plate 220, the left plate 231, the right plate 232, and the top plate 210 may be formed in a tubular shape integrated with each other.
- the tubular case may be referred to as a mono frame.
- various coupling methods may be employed for a configuration that is not manufactured in an integrated form in the module case 200 but coupled during the assembly process of the battery module.
- the top plate 210, the front plate 233, and the rear plate 234 may be coupled to the U-frame through laser welding or ultrasonic welding.
- each component of the module case 200 may be coupled to each other through a bolt fastening method or the like.
- the module case 200 can accommodate the cell assembly 100 in the internal space defined by the top plate 210 , the base plate 220 and the side plate 230 .
- the expansion member 300 may be located inside the module case 200 . Moreover, one or more expansion members 300 may be included inside the module case 200 . Also, the expandable member 300 may be configured to expand in volume when heat is supplied. In particular, the expandable member 300 may include a material whose volume expands when heat is supplied to reach a certain temperature or higher. Also, the expansion member 300 may be configured to fill at least a part of the empty space inside the module case 200 by such volume expansion. This volume expansion configuration will be described in more detail with further reference to FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a configuration in which the expansion member 300 is expanded by heat in the configuration of FIG. 3 .
- the expansion member 300 expands in volume by heat, thereby filling an empty space inside the module case 200 .
- the cell assembly 100 and the expansion member 300 may be accommodated in the inner space of the module case 200 .
- the cell assembly 100 and the expansion member 300 may occupy a part of the inner space of the module case 200, and the space not occupied by the cell assembly 100 and the expansion member 300 is an empty space. can be left
- a normal battery module state for example, in a state in which thermal runaway does not occur in the battery module, such an empty space may exist inside the module case 200 .
- empty spaces are formed between the upper portion of the cell assembly 100 and the lower surface of the top plate 210 and between the side portion of the cell assembly 100 and the side plate 230 .
- the expansion member 300 may be interposed between the side of the cell assembly 100 and the side plate 230, and the height of the expansion member 300 may be lower than that of the cell assembly 100.
- the expansion member 300 may be located at the central portion of the side of the cell assembly 100 in the vertical direction. In this case, an empty space may exist on the upper and lower sides of the expandable member 300 .
- the expansion member 300 may be interposed in the central portion of the cell assembly 100 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 . At this time, an empty space may exist at the top and bottom of the expandable member 300 .
- the empty space as indicated by A2 can secure a tolerance during assembly and provide a heat insulating space.
- the battery cell 110 may generate and dissipate heat during normal use as well as during thermal runaway.
- the empty space inside the module case 200 may perform an insulation function between the battery cells 110 or between the module case 200 and the cell assembly 100 .
- the empty space A2 may provide a path through which the venting gas is discharged in an initial emergency situation in which the venting gas is discharged from the battery cell 110 .
- the heat is supplied to the expansion member 300. It can be. Then, as the volume of the expansion member 300 is expanded by the supplied heat, as shown in FIG. 4 , the shape of the expansion member 300 may be changed to fill part or all of the empty space indicated by A2 in FIG. 3 .
- the space through which oxygen can flow into the battery module can be removed or reduced. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent a fire from occurring or spreading inside the battery module in an emergency situation such as thermal runaway. In addition, even if a flame is generated inside the battery module, the flame can be blocked or quickly extinguished.
- the expandable member 300 may be formed in a plate shape.
- at least some of the plurality of expandable members 300 may be formed in a plate shape and provided facing the wide surface of the pouch-type cell. That is, the expandable member 300 may be configured so that at least one of the two wide surfaces faces or directly contacts the receiving portion of the pouch-type cell in a vertically erected form.
- the expansion member 300 may include a phase change material.
- the expandable member 300 may be formed of a material having a property in which a change in state such as solid, liquid, or gas occurs depending on temperature, but the volume expands as the temperature increases.
- the phase change material used in the expandable member 300 may be a material whose state changes from a solid to a liquid when heat is supplied and expands in volume at this time.
- the phase change material has a property of expanding its volume while changing its state from a liquid to a gas, from a solid to a gas, or from a solid to a gel or sol when heat is supplied thereto. material may be provided.
- the present invention is not limited by the specific type of the expandable member 300, for example, the specific type of phase change material.
- the expandable member 300 may be formed in a form in which a heat-expandable material, particularly a phase change material, is accommodated inside the package.
- the expansion member 300 when a thermal runaway event occurs inside the battery module, the expansion member 300 may be configured in such a way that the phase change material inside the expansion member 300 expands and flows out of the package body.
- the package of the expandable member 300 may be configured to be ruptured by expansion of the phase change material inside, or may be configured in a form in which an opening is formed in advance.
- a stopper may be provided at the opening, and the stopper may be opened when the internal pressure increases to a certain level or higher.
- the expandable member 300 may be configured to expand the package itself together with an expandable material therein. At this time, the expansion member 300 may fill the space inside the module case 200 by expanding the expansion material and the packaging body together.
- the expandable member 300 may be formed of only a heat-expandable material, for example, a phase change material, without a separate packaging body.
- the expandable member 300 may include a polyurethane foam composite member or a porous foam composite member (ex. Si foam). Furthermore, the expandable member 300 may include a synthetic member in which expanded polypropylene or liquid hydrocarbon is wrapped in a pellet (capsule) pouch and coupled to polyurethane foam or porous foam.
- the pouch-type capsule may be made of a material such as Acrylonitrile Co-polymers.
- foaming of the foaming material may start. can For example, the foaming start temperature may be 160 degrees or higher.
- the expansion member 300 may include porous expansion glass. In the case of such porous expanded glass, it can even perform a fire extinguishing role.
- the present invention is not necessarily limited to a specific material, type, or shape of the expandable member 300.
- FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view schematically illustrating a configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the battery module shown in FIG. 5 . 6 may be referred to as a modified example of the configuration of FIG. 4 .
- the battery module according to the present invention may further include a fire extinguishing member 400 .
- the extinguishing member 400 may hold an extinguishing material.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may include an exterior material having an internal space formed and the internal space sealed.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured to accommodate the fire extinguishing material in the inner space of the exterior material.
- this extinguishing material may have a solid state, such as a powder state, or may have other various states or properties such as liquid or gas.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured to discharge an internal fire extinguishing material when the expandable member 300 is inflated. Moreover, the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured to be pressurized by the expanded pressure when the expandable member 300 expands due to heat. In addition, the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured such that when a pressure of a certain level or higher is applied, the exterior material is damaged or exploded so that the fire extinguishing material therein is discharged.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured in a form in which a fire extinguishing agent is sealed, and may have a sheet shape as shown in FIG. 5 .
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be accommodated inside the module case 200 in a form in which at least one surface faces the expansion member 300 .
- a plurality of fire extinguishing members 400 may also be included in the module case 200 .
- one or more fire extinguishing members 400 may be configured to face each other. As a more specific example, as shown in FIGS.
- the expansion member 300 may be located at three points on the left, right, and center of the cell assembly 100 .
- the expansion member 300 located in the center, as indicated by 300C1 and 300C2 may be provided in a form spaced apart from each other.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 is in contact with the left expansion member 300 indicated by 300L, the right expansion member 300 indicated by 300R, and the central expansion member 300 indicated by 300C1 and 300C2 while facing the surface.
- the centrally located extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400C may be interposed between the two central inflatable members 300C1 and 300C2.
- the expansion member 300 expands, and through this, the fire extinguishing material from the fire extinguishing member 400 is ejected from the module case. (200) May be released internally. Then, inside the module case 200, due to the extinguishing material discharged from the extinguishing member 400, the flame can be blocked or the fire can be effectively suppressed.
- the left expansion member 300 indicated by 300L when the left expansion member 300 indicated by 300L is inflated, the left fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400L may be pressed.
- the right expansion member 300 indicated by 300R when the right expansion member 300 indicated by 300R is inflated, the right fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400R may be pressed.
- the central expansion member 300 indicated by 300C1 and 300C when the central expansion member 300 indicated by 300C1 and 300C is inflated, the central fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400C interposed therebetween may be pressed. In this way, when the fire extinguishing member 400 is pressurized and the pressing force exceeds a certain level, each fire extinguishing member 400 may be damaged to discharge the fire extinguishing material therein.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may employ various fire extinguishing materials known at the time of filing of the present invention.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may include an extinguishing material such as sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, or ammonium phosphate.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may include an extinguishing material in the form of powder or granules such as porous expanded glass.
- the expansion member 300 may be interposed between the cell assembly 100 and the fire extinguishing member 400 . That is, the expansion member 300 may be located closer to the cell assembly 100 than the fire extinguishing member 400 .
- the left expansion member 300 indicated by 300L may be interposed between the left fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400L and the left portion of the cell assembly 100.
- the right expansion member 300 indicated by 300R may be interposed between the right fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400R and the right portion of the cell assembly 100 .
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be positioned outside the expansion member 300 relative to the cell assembly 100 .
- the central expansion member 300 indicated by 300C1 may be interposed between the cell assembly 100, in particular, the left group of the cell assembly 100 and the central fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400C.
- the central expansion member 300 indicated by 300C2 may be interposed between the right group of the cell assembly 100 and the central fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400C.
- the heat generated in the cell assembly 100 when heat generated in the cell assembly 100 is applied to the expansion member 300, it may not pass through the fire extinguishing member 400. Therefore, when heat is generated in the cell assembly 100, the generated heat is directly transferred to the expansion member 300, so that the expansion structure of the expansion member 300 by heat can be smoothly performed. That is, according to the embodiment, the heat of the cell assembly 100 can be well transferred to the expansion member 300 without being obstructed by the fire extinguishing member 400 .
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of an expansion member 300 included in another battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment will be mainly described in terms of differences from the previous embodiments.
- the expandable member 300 may have a through hole formed in an inward and outward direction, as indicated by O.
- the expandable member 300 shown in FIG. 7 may be employed as the expandable member 300 of the battery module as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 .
- the expansion member 300 may be configured in the form of a sheet erected in the vertical direction, and may have wide surfaces on the left and right sides, and the through hole O may be formed in a shape penetrating in the left and right directions.
- a plurality of such through holes O may be formed in the expansion member 300 in a form spaced apart from each other. That is, the plurality of through holes O may be widely distributed on the surface of the expansion member 300 .
- the through hole O may be formed in a state in which the expansion member 300 is inflated. That is, the through hole O is not formed when the expandable member 300 is not inflated, but can be formed only when the expandable member 300 is expanded. Alternatively, the through hole O may be formed in advance even when the expansion member 300 is not inflated, and may be configured to maintain such a penetration state or increase in size even when the expansion member 300 is inflated. there is.
- the extinguishing material of the extinguishing member 400 can more smoothly contact the cell assembly 100 .
- the expansion member 300 of FIG. 7 is applied to the embodiment of FIG. 6, when the left fire extinguishing member 400 indicated by 400L releases an extinguishing material, penetration of the left expandable member 300 indicated by 300L
- the extinguishing material may also be easily provided to the left surface of the cell assembly 100 through the hole O.
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing the configuration of a module case 200 included in a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 9 is a cross-sectional view along line A3-A3' in FIG. 8 .
- a concave outward distribution groove may be formed on the inner surface of the module case 200, as indicated by G.
- a plurality of distribution grooves (G) may be formed in the side plate 230 and may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the front-back direction.
- each distribution groove (G) may be formed to extend long in the vertical direction.
- the distribution groove (G) formed in the side plate 230 it may be formed extending downward to the base plate 220.
- a plurality of distribution grooves may be formed in the base plate 220 and may be disposed spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the forward and backward directions.
- the distribution groove G formed in the base plate 220 may be configured to be connected to the distribution groove formed in the side plate 230 .
- the distribution groove G formed in the base plate 220 may extend long in the left and right directions.
- a plurality of battery cells 110 may be stacked in the left and right directions on the upper surface of the base plate 220 . Accordingly, it can be said that the distribution grooves G of the base plate 220 are configured in a form elongated in the stacking direction of the battery cells 110 .
- the distribution groove G of the base plate 220 extends long in the left and right direction (Y-axis direction), and the left end is the distribution groove G of the left plate 231 ), and the right end may be connected to the distribution groove (G) of the right plate 232.
- the fire extinguishing material discharged from the fire extinguishing member 400 can be smoothly supplied to several battery cells 110 .
- the fire extinguishing material may flow into the distribution groove G as indicated by the dotted arrow. Therefore, the extinguishing material may be provided not only to the battery cells 110 adjacent to the extinguishing member 400, but also to the battery cells 110 far away from each other.
- each fire extinguishing member 400 may be present only at a predetermined position outside the cell assembly 100 or at a central portion of the cell assembly 100 .
- the inner surface of the module case 200 is in contact with the battery cell 110 or the space is very narrow, so the movement of the extinguishing material may be hindered.
- the fire extinguishing material can move through the distribution groove G. Therefore, in a state in which the plurality of battery cells 110 are stacked, the extinguishing material is smoothly supplied to all the stacked battery cells 110, so that fire prevention or suppression performance of the entire battery module can be improved.
- FIG. 10 is a diagram schematically showing a cross-sectional configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 10 may be regarded as another modified example of the implementation of FIG. 4 .
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be positioned above the cell assembly 100 .
- the extinguishing member 400 may be interposed between the cell assembly 100 and the top plate 210 .
- the fire extinguishing material may be ejected from the fire extinguishing member 400 located above the cell assembly 100 .
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be positioned below the top plate 210 and the inflatable member 300 may be positioned below the fire extinguishing member 400 .
- the fire extinguishing member 400 is pressurized so that the fire extinguishing material therein can be discharged. Then, the discharged extinguishing material is provided on top of the cell assembly 100 to prevent ignition or fire of the cell assembly 100 .
- the cell assembly 100 since the extinguishing material is supplied from the upper side of the cell assembly 100, the cell assembly 100 may be in contact with the extinguishing material in the entire portion from the top to the bottom. Accordingly, fire suppression performance or fire extinguishing performance of the cell assembly 100 may be further improved.
- the cell assembly 100 may be stacked in a horizontal direction, for example, in a left-right direction (Y-axis direction) in a state in which each battery cell 110 is erected.
- the extinguishing material can be smoothly provided to the entire battery cell 110. .
- a plurality of expansion members 300 may be provided on top of the cell assembly 100 and may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.
- the expansion member 300 may be configured to secure a separation space of a certain level or more in a state in which it is expanded by heat.
- the extinguishing material discharged from the extinguishing member 400 may be provided to the side of the cell assembly 100 through the separation space between the expansion members 300 . According to this configuration, even if the expansion member 300 is located between the fire extinguishing member 400 and the cell assembly 100, the extinguishing material discharged from the fire extinguishing member 400 can be smoothly supplied to the cell assembly 100 side. can
- the expandable member 300 configuration shown in FIG. 7 may be employed.
- the extinguishing material discharged from the extinguishing member 400 may pass through the expansion member 300 through the through hole O, move downward, and be supplied to the cell assembly 100 side.
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- 12 is a cross-sectional view along line A4-A4' in FIG. 11 .
- FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of portion A5 of FIG. 12
- FIG. 14 is a view schematically showing a state in which the expandable member 300 is inflated in the configuration of FIG. 13 .
- This embodiment will also be mainly described in terms of differences from the previous embodiments.
- a venting hole may be formed in the module case 200 as indicated by H.
- a venting hole H communicating the inside and outside of the module case 200 may be formed in the right plate 232 of the module case 200 .
- the generated venting gas may be discharged to the outside through the venting hole H.
- the expansion member 300 may be configured to close at least a portion of the venting hole H by expansion. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the expansion member 300 fills the internal space of the module case 200 while being expanded by heat. At this time, the expansion member 300 expands the venting hole H. Some or all of them may be blocked. In particular, the expansion member 300 may be configured to block the venting hole H by being supplied with heat and expanding while the venting gas is discharged to the outside through the venting hole H.
- the configuration of closing the venting hole (H) by the expansion member 300 is the size of the expansion member 300, the distance to the venting hole (H), the temperature increased when the venting gas is discharged, or the module case 200. It can be designed appropriately in consideration of various situations, such as the internal space of
- the introduction of external air, particularly oxygen, into the module case 200 through the venting hole H can be effectively blocked.
- the venting gas When the venting gas is generated inside the module case 200, the venting gas may be discharged to the outside through the venting hole H.
- oxygen after the venting gas is discharged, there is a possibility that oxygen may flow into the module case 200 through the venting hole H.
- the venting hole H since the venting hole H may be closed by the expansion member 300 after the venting gas is discharged, the inflow of oxygen through the venting hole H may be blocked. Therefore, in this case, it is possible to prevent a fire from occurring or spreading through the venting hole H as much as possible while ensuring exhaust performance through the venting hole H.
- FIG. 15 is an enlarged view schematically showing some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 15 can be regarded as a modified example of the configuration of FIG. 13 .
- the module case 200 may include a sliding part around the venting hole H, as indicated by S.
- This sliding part (S), as indicated by the arrow B1 can be configured to be movable. In particular, in a normal state, such a sliding part (S) may be positioned open without closing the venting hole (H). However, when the expansion member 300 expands as indicated by arrow B2 due to thermal runaway occurring inside the battery module, the expansion of the expansion member 300 causes the sliding part S to slide in the direction of arrow B1. can In addition, part or all of the venting hole H may be closed due to the sliding operation of the sliding part S.
- a guide rail may be provided in the module case 200, as indicated by E in the drawings, for smooth operation of the sliding part S to close the venting hole H.
- This guide rail (E) is a configuration for guiding the sliding movement direction or movement distance of the sliding part (S), and the sliding part (S) is to well block the venting hole (H) by the expansion of the expansion member (300).
- the configuration of blocking the venting hole H by the expansion of the expansion member 300 can be implemented more easily. Therefore, in an emergency situation such as thermal runaway, the effect of blocking oxygen inflow through the venting hole H can be achieved more reliably.
- a material resistant to flame or high temperature may be used for the sliding portion S. Therefore, even if a flame or the like is generated inside the battery module, it is possible to reliably prevent the flame from leaking out through the venting hole H.
- the battery module according to the present invention may include the fire extinguishing member 400.
- the expansion member 300 directly pressurizes the fire extinguishing member 400, thereby focusing on the form in which the fire extinguishing material of the fire extinguishing member 400 is discharged, but the present invention is not necessarily limited to this embodiment.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be configured in such a way that when the expandable member 300 is inflated, it is damaged by a component such as a sharp acicular body and discharges the fire extinguishing material therein.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 is damaged by the movement of the sliding part (S), and the fire extinguishing material inside is ejected.
- the sliding portion S may move in the direction B1 , that is, toward the rear of the battery module by the expansion of the expansion member 300 .
- a fire extinguishing member 400 may be provided behind the sliding portion S.
- acicular protrusions may be formed at the rear end of the sliding part S, that is, at the end in the direction toward the fire extinguishing member 400 .
- the venting hole H may be closed.
- the fire extinguishing member 400 may be ruptured due to the acicular protrusion C installed at the rear end of the sliding part S. Then, the fire extinguishing material may be ejected into the module case 200 through the ruptured portion of the fire extinguishing member 400 .
- the sliding part (S) may be configured to rupture the fire extinguishing member 400 after closing the venting hole (H).
- the position of the extinguishing member 400 or the shape or size of the acicular protrusions C may be configured to come into contact with the extinguishing member 400 after the sliding portion S blocks the venting hole H. there is.
- the extinguishing material is ejected into the module case 200 after the module case 200 is sealed, the fire extinguishing effect by the extinguishing material can be further improved. That is, since the extinguishing material is ejected while the inside of the module case 200 is sealed by the sliding part S, the extinguishing material is not discharged to the outside through the venting hole H and may exist mainly inside the module case. there is. Therefore, in this case, the effect of inhibiting digestion by the extinguishing material can be increased.
- FIG. 16 is an enlarged view schematically showing some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 can be regarded as another modified example of the configuration of FIG. 13 .
- the module case 200 may have a blocking portion protruding toward the cell assembly 100 on an inner surface thereof, as indicated by R.
- a blocking portion R may be provided on an inner surface of the right plate 232 to protrude toward the cell assembly 100, that is, to the left.
- the blocking portion R may be positioned between the expansion member 300 and the venting hole H.
- the blocking portion R may be provided around the venting hole H.
- the venting gas when venting gas is generated inside the battery module, the venting gas is easily discharged through the venting hole H formed in the module case 200, while leakage of the expansion member 300 is prevented. It can be prevented.
- the expansion member 300 when the expansion member 300 is changed to a fluid state such as liquid, gas, or gel in the process of receiving heat and expanding, there is a possibility of leakage to the outside of the module case 200 through the venting hole H. there is.
- the blocking portion R may prevent the expansion member 300 from leaking.
- the expansion member 300 when the expansion member 300 expands in the B3 direction due to heat, the expansion member 300 expands through the venting hole H through the blocking portion R provided around the venting hole H. It is possible to suppress outflow to (H). Therefore, the effect of filling the inside of the module case 200 with the expansion member 300 can be implemented more reliably.
- the expandable member 300 may be partially configured to have different expansion degrees.
- the expansion member 300 may include a plurality of expansion parts. This will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 17 and 18 .
- FIG. 17 is a perspective view schematically showing some configurations of a battery module according to another embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a configuration in a state in which a portion of an expandable member 300 is inflated in the battery module configuration of FIG. 17 It is a drawing that represents
- one surface of the expandable member 300 may be disposed so as to be in direct contact with the cell assembly 100. And, although not shown in the drawing, the right surface of the expansion member 300 may face the inner surface of the module case 200 .
- the front end portion of the expandable member 300 may first expand. That is, when the expansion member 300 is heated and first reaches a predetermined temperature, the front end portion of the expansion member 300 may expand as indicated by an arrow in FIG. 17 . And, so far, the rear end of the expandable member 300 may not expand or may have a smaller degree of expansion than the front end.
- the expandable member 300 may be configured in a partially expanded form as shown in FIG. 18 .
- the effect of venting gas being discharged from the inside of the module case 200 to the outside can be further improved.
- an empty space exists on the rear right side of the expandable member 300, such as the portion indicated by A6.
- the venting gas inside the module case 200 may be directed to the portion indicated as A6.
- the venting gas collected in the A6 space may be discharged to the outside of the module case 200 .
- the expansion member 300 when a venting hole H is formed in the module case 200, the expansion member 300 is configured so that the empty space indicated by A6 is located on the side of the venting hole H. can That is, as the temperature of the expansion member 300 increases, a portion far from the venting hole H is expanded first, and a portion close to the venting hole H is expanded relatively later. .
- the venting gas inside the module case 200 is induced toward the space A6 where the expansion member 300 is not yet inflated, and the venting gas can be discharged to the outside through the venting hole H. there is. Therefore, according to the embodiment, when the venting gas exists inside the module case 200, the venting gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the module case 200 in an expansion situation of the expansion member 300.
- the expansion member 300 may include a plurality of expansion parts having different reaction temperatures for expansion.
- the expansion member 300 may include a first expansion part 310 and a second expansion part 320 as shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 .
- both the first expansion part 310 and the second expansion part 320 are configured in the form of a sheet, and may be disposed in a form in which corner portions are in contact with each other on one plane.
- first expansion unit 310 and the second expansion unit 320 may have different degrees of expansion according to temperature.
- the expansion degree of the first expansion part 310 is maximized at the temperature T1
- the degree of expansion of the second expansion part 320 is maximized at the temperature T2 different from T1.
- the difference in degree of expansion between the first expansion unit 310 and the second expansion unit 320 may be realized by a difference in material or shape of each expansion unit.
- the maximum expansion temperature T2 of the second expansion unit 320 is the first expansion It may be configured higher than the maximum expansion temperature (T1) of the portion (310). Therefore, in a state heated to a predetermined temperature, for example, T1, the expansion member 300 is only partially expanded in the form shown in FIG. 18, thereby allowing the venting gas to move toward the side close to the venting hole H. . Therefore, the exhaust performance of the venting gas can be improved.
- the internal temperature of the battery module rises further and reaches a higher temperature, for example T2 temperature, it expands up to the second expansion unit 320, and the empty space indicated by A6 is formed by the second expansion unit 320. can be filled Accordingly, the empty space in the inner space of the module case 200 is further reduced, and in particular, the venting hole H may also be closed. Accordingly, the possibility of oxygen entering the module case 200 may be further reduced.
- a higher temperature for example T2 temperature
- a battery pack according to an aspect of the present invention may include one or more battery modules according to the present invention described above.
- the battery pack according to the present invention may further include various other components, such as a battery management system (BMS), in addition to the battery module.
- BMS battery management system
- the BMS is mounted in the inner space of the pack case and may be configured to overall control the charge/discharge operation or the data transmission/reception operation of the cell assembly.
- the BMS may be provided in pack units instead of module units. More specifically, the BMS may be configured to control or predict the charge/discharge state, power state, performance state, etc. of the cell assembly through pack voltage and pack current. Since this BMS is widely known at the time of filing the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
- the battery pack according to the present invention may further include various other components of the battery pack known at the time of filing of the present invention, such as a bus bar, a pack case, a relay, a current sensor, and the like.
- a battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may not include the module case 200 . This will be described with reference to FIG. 19 .
- FIG. 19 is a perspective view schematically illustrating the configuration of a battery pack according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- a battery pack may include a cell assembly 100, a pack case (PC), and an expandable member 300.
- the cell assembly 100 and the expansion member 300 may be directly accommodated in the inner space of the pack case PC without being accommodated inside the module case 200 .
- the plurality of battery cells 110 are not modularized, but directly mounted on a pack case (PC) in a cell-to-pack form.
- a BMS as indicated by M or other electric components may be accommodated in the inner space of the pack case PC.
- the extinguishing member 400 described in FIGS. 5 and 6 may be accommodated inside the pack case PC.
- the configuration related to the distribution groove G formed in the module case 200 described in the embodiments of FIGS. 8 and 9 may be formed in the pack case PC.
- contents related to the venting hole H formed in the module case 200 described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 14 may be replaced with a configuration in which the venting hole is formed in the pack case PC. Therefore, a more detailed description of the battery pack in various aspects will be omitted.
- a battery module or battery pack according to the present invention can be applied to vehicles such as electric vehicles or hybrid vehicles. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention may include the battery module according to the present invention or the battery pack according to the present invention. In addition, the vehicle according to the present invention may further include various other components included in the vehicle in addition to the battery module or the battery pack. For example, a vehicle according to the present invention may further include a control device such as a vehicle body, a motor, and an electronic control unit (ECU), in addition to the battery module according to the present invention.
- a control device such as a vehicle body, a motor, and an electronic control unit (ECU), in addition to the battery module according to the present invention.
- ECU electronice control unit
- the battery module or battery pack according to the present invention may be applied to an energy storage system (ESS). That is, the energy storage system according to the present invention may include the battery module according to the present invention or the battery pack according to the present invention.
- ESS energy storage system
- 210 top plate
- 220 base plate
- 230 side plate
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Abstract
Description
Claims (11)
- 하나 이상의 배터리 셀을 구비하는 셀 어셈블리;내부 공간에 상기 셀 어셈블리를 수납하는 모듈 케이스; 및상기 모듈 케이스의 내부에 위치하여, 열이 공급되는 경우 부피가 팽창되어 상기 모듈 케이스 내부의 빈 공간의 적어도 일부를 채우도록 구성된 팽창 부재를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 팽창 부재는, 상변화 물질을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,소화 물질을 보유하고, 상기 팽창 부재의 팽창 시 내부의 소화 물질을 방출하도록 구성된 소화 부재를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 팽창 부재는, 상기 셀 어셈블리와 상기 소화 부재 사이에 개재된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제3항에 있어서,상기 소화 부재는, 상기 셀 어셈블리의 상부에 위치하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 모듈 케이스에는 벤팅 홀이 형성되고,상기 팽창 부재는, 팽창에 의해 상기 벤팅 홀의 적어도 일부를 폐쇄시키도록 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 팽창 부재는, 팽창 정도가 부분적으로 다르게 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제7항에 있어서,상기 팽창 부재는, 팽창을 위한 반응 온도가 서로 다른 복수의 팽창부를 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 모듈.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 모듈을 포함하는 배터리 팩.
- 하나 이상의 배터리 셀을 구비하는 셀 어셈블리;내부 공간에 상기 셀 어셈블리를 수납하는 팩 케이스; 및상기 팩 케이스의 내부에 위치하여, 열이 공급되는 경우 부피가 팽창되어 상기 팩 케이스 내부의 빈 공간의 적어도 일부를 채우도록 구성된 팽창 부재를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 배터리 팩.
- 제1항 내지 제8항 중 어느 한 항에 따른 배터리 모듈 또는 제10항에 따른 배터리 팩을 포함하는 자동차.
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EP22890312.6A EP4274014A1 (en) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-10-31 | Battery module and battery pack with reinforced safety |
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JP2023549935A JP2024506958A (ja) | 2021-11-03 | 2022-10-31 | 安全性が強化されたバッテリーモジュールとバッテリーパック |
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KR20210063939A (ko) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-06-02 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 모듈 |
KR20210109315A (ko) * | 2020-02-27 | 2021-09-06 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | 배터리 팩, 그것을 포함하는 배터리 랙, 및 전력 저장 시스템 |
KR20210150114A (ko) | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-10 | 이응달 | 배와 반의 원리를 이용한 곱셈 값 산출 장치 및 방법, 곱셈 연산 학습 교재 및 교구 |
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JP2011023355A (ja) * | 2009-07-17 | 2011-02-03 | Tesla Motors Inc | 二重膨張性材料層を使用したセルの熱暴走の防止 |
JP2019083188A (ja) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-05-30 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 電池及び電池スタック |
KR20200107213A (ko) * | 2019-03-06 | 2020-09-16 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | 화염의 외부 노출을 방지할 수 있는 구조를 갖는 ess 모듈 및 이를 포함하는 배터리 팩 |
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KR20210150114A (ko) | 2020-06-03 | 2021-12-10 | 이응달 | 배와 반의 원리를 이용한 곱셈 값 산출 장치 및 방법, 곱셈 연산 학습 교재 및 교구 |
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US20240128556A1 (en) | 2024-04-18 |
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KR20230064565A (ko) | 2023-05-10 |
JP2024506958A (ja) | 2024-02-15 |
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