WO2023075668A1 - Moule modulaire pour une presse pour la fabrication d'un module de lamibois incurvé - Google Patents

Moule modulaire pour une presse pour la fabrication d'un module de lamibois incurvé Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023075668A1
WO2023075668A1 PCT/SE2022/050981 SE2022050981W WO2023075668A1 WO 2023075668 A1 WO2023075668 A1 WO 2023075668A1 SE 2022050981 W SE2022050981 W SE 2022050981W WO 2023075668 A1 WO2023075668 A1 WO 2023075668A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
press
mould
lvl
support
module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2022/050981
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
David OLIVEGREN
Erik DÖLERUD
Original Assignee
Modvion Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Modvion Ab filed Critical Modvion Ab
Publication of WO2023075668A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023075668A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/022—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment over a stationary forming member only
    • B21D7/0225—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment over a stationary forming member only using pulling members
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D1/00—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring
    • B27D1/04—Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby; Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets
    • B27D1/08—Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor
    • B27D1/083—Presses specially designed for making the manufacture of shaped plywood articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27D—WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD
    • B27D3/00—Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27H—BENDING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COOPERAGE; MAKING WHEELS FROM WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL
    • B27H3/00—Manufacture of constructional elements of tubes, coops, or barrels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/30—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by the pull of chains or ropes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/12—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of wood, e.g. with reinforcements, with tensioning members
    • E04C3/122—Laminated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D7/00—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes
    • B21D7/02—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment
    • B21D7/024—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member
    • B21D7/025—Bending rods, profiles, or tubes over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment by a swinging forming member and pulling or pushing the ends of the work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/18—Handling of layers or the laminate
    • B32B38/1866—Handling of layers or the laminate conforming the layers or laminate to a convex or concave profile
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/201—Towers
    • F03D13/204—Circumferentially segmented
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2280/00—Materials; Properties thereof
    • F05B2280/40—Organic materials
    • F05B2280/4002—Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a modular mould to be used in a press for producing a curved laminated veneer lumber (LVL) module comprising a plurality of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards.
  • LDL laminated veneer lumber
  • the project leading to this application has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 959151.
  • Wood is used for several different constructions and buildings. Wood may either be used as planks or beams sawn in one piece, but is often laminated in one way or the other.
  • One common structural wood element is glued laminated timber (glulam), which consists of layers of dimensional lumber bonded together. These may be used as vertical columns, horizontal beams or arches.
  • Another type of laminated wood is plywood, which consists of a plurality of cross-laminated veneer plies glued to each other.
  • a plywood board is strong, dimension stable and does not warp or bend. Flat plywood boards are pressed in large flat presses, using a high pressure and often a high temperature to cure the glue.
  • bent laminated veneer materials are used, e.g. in chairs or other smaller objects, where the lamination is done by placing a number of separate veneer layers in a mould and gluing them together in the desired shape in order to obtain the laminated part.
  • This is time consuming and work intensive, and is only suitable for smaller objects.
  • the veneer layers are often treated with steam such that they can be bent without breaking. The pressing of the veneer layers is performed using a high pressure and a high temperature.
  • An object of the invention is therefore to provide a modular mould for a press for producing a curved laminated veneer lumber module.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a press for producing a curved laminated veneer lumber module comprising a modular mould.
  • a modular mould for a press for producing a curved laminated wood module comprising a plurality of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards
  • the modular mould comprises a plurality of convex support walls having a radius larger than 1 meter, where the modular mould is at least 10 meters long, where a support wall comprises a plurality of slits arranged at an outer surface of a support wall, where the modular mould further comprises a plurality of longitudinal support beams arranged in the slits, where the outer edge of a beam is aligned with the outer surface of a support wall
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the modular mould further comprises at least two longitudinal distance beams provided with a plurality of cut-outs, where the distance between the cut-outs corresponds to the distance between the support walls, and where a distance beam is arranged in a slit.
  • a modular mould that can be used when producing curved laminated wood module.
  • the modular mould is adapted to be mounted on a frame of a press, and the modularity allows the mould to be mounted or removed in an easy way.
  • the shape of the mould corresponds to the desired shape of a curved laminated wood module.
  • the modular mould may be straight or conical, such that straight curved laminated wood modules may be produced, or that conical curved laminated wood module can be produced.
  • the press comprises a plurality of beams arranged spaced apart from each other, e.g. with a distance of between 0.5 to 1.0 meters, and perpendicular to a centre plane of the press.
  • Each beam is mounted to a floor and comprises two hydraulic cylinders, one at each end of the beam.
  • a hydraulic pump provides the hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic cylinders.
  • the bearing surface of the modular mould consist of a plurality of spaced apart curved support walls mounted on the beams.
  • the support walls By positioning the support walls with a relatively short distance between the support walls, e.g. with a distance between 0,5 to 1 ,0 meters, the pressure between the bearing surface and the upper laminated veneer lumber board will be distributed evenly, since the pack of laminated veneer lumber boards is relatively stiff. It is possible to use an upper pressure plate positioned on top of the upper laminated veneer lumber board to distribute the pressure, depending on the distance between the curved support walls.
  • the modular mould is removable from the press.
  • the mould can thus be replaced with another mould when a differently sized curved laminated wood module is to be produced, and by using a mould that is slightly conical, conical curved laminated veneer lumber modules can be produced.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a lower part of a press for laminating a curved laminated wood module according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a detail of the press for laminating a curved laminated wood module according to the invention
  • Fig. 3 shows an example of an upper part of a press for laminating a curved laminated wood module according to the invention
  • Fig. 4 shows an example of a press for laminating a curved laminated wood module with a first LVL board according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 shows an example of a press for laminating a curved laminated wood module with an upper part according to the invention
  • Fig. 6 shows a detail of the press for laminating a curved laminated wood module according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 shows an example of a press arranged for laminating a wide curved laminated wood module before pressing
  • Fig. 8 shows an example of a press arranged for laminating a wide curved laminated wood module during pressing
  • Fig. 9 shows an example of a press arranged for laminating a narrow curved laminated wood module before pressing
  • Fig. 10 shows an example of a press arranged for laminating a narrow curved laminated wood module during pressing.
  • Figs. 1 to 6 show various examples and details of a press 1 for producing a curved laminated wood module 100 from a plurality of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) boards 101
  • Figs 7 to 10 show examples of the pressing of a curved laminated wood module 100
  • the press 1 comprises a lower part 2 and an upper part 3.
  • the lower part 2 comprises a frame 4 and a mould 5 arranged on the frame.
  • the press is provided with a first end 46, a second end 47, a first longitudinal side 48 and a second longitudinal side 49.
  • the frame provides the stability for the press and comprises in the shown example a number of longitudinal beams 6 arranged perpendicular to a centre plane 9 of the press.
  • the beams 6 are in the shown example mounted on a floor 7 with mounting brackets 8 at the manufacturing site, but could also be attached directly to each other with additional crossbeams.
  • the press is adapted to press large curved laminated wood modules, where one example of a module is 20 meters long and 4 meters wide.
  • the press is suited to press modules e.g. between 10 to 30 meters long and 2 to 5 meters wide, depending on the number of used beams and the used mould.
  • the press may be designed for one size of a curved module, or may be designed to press curved modules of different sizes and different curvatures.
  • a press adapted for differently sized curved modules is shown.
  • Each beam 6 is attached to the floor 7 with mounting brackets 8.
  • the press is symmetrical with respect to the centre plane 9 of the press, having a left side 10 and a right side 11 .
  • the beam is provided with an extendable member 12, in the shown example a hydraulic cylinder, having a piston 13.
  • the cylinder will provide the pulling force required to bend the plurality of LVL boards to form a curved laminated wood module 100, and to press the plurality of LVL boards together to a solid unit.
  • a first pulley wheel or sheave 15 is mounted at the outer end 14 of the piston 13.
  • the beam is further provided with a movable adjustment bracket 16 that can slide along the beam and that is fixed in position on the beam with fixating members, such as pins or bolts.
  • the adjustment bracket 16 is on one side provided with a second pulley wheel 18 and on the other side with a third pulley wheel 19.
  • the first pulley wheel 15, the second pulley wheel 18 and the third pulley wheel 19 are adapted to guide a flexible pulling means 20, such as a wire, rope, cable or chain.
  • a line guide 17 is positioned next to the second and third pulley wheels 18, 19, between the second and third pulley wheels 18, 19 and the first pulley wheel 15.
  • the line guide will ensure that the pulling means is aligned with the second and third pulley wheel in a straight direction, regardless of the position of the first pulley wheel.
  • the surface of the line guide is smooth such that the pulling means can glide against it without damage.
  • the pulling means is routed from a pulling bracket 40, in the shown example a curved pulling bracket of the upper part 3, over the second pulley wheel 18, the first pulley wheel 15 and the third pulley wheel 19 to another pulling bracket 40.
  • the pulling means is an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (LIHMWPE) wire, such as a dyneema wire.
  • LIHMWPE ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene
  • a first end 54 of the pulling means 20 is in one example provided with a first attachment means 52, e.g.
  • a second attachment means 53 e.g. in the form of an eye or a shackle, that is attached to another pulling bracket 40.
  • the press comprises a plurality of identical beams 6 arranged side by side with the same distance between them along the length of the press.
  • the distance between two beams may e.g. be 0.5 or 0.75 meters, such that a 20 meter long press comprises between 30 - 40 beams.
  • the number of beams used for a press is determined e.g. by the required pressing force and the used mould.
  • the mould 5 is mounted to the frame 4 of the press with several mounting brackets 26.
  • the mould comprises a plurality of curved support walls 21 provided with longitudinal support beams 22 arranged in slits 23 in the support walls.
  • the radius of a support wall 21 is at least 1 meter, and is preferably in the range between 2 to 4 meters, depending on the desired curvature of a curved laminated wood module 100.
  • the outer side edge 24 of a support beam 22 is aligned with the outer curved surface 25 of the support walls. In this way, the support beams will help to distribute the force between the LVL boards and the support walls of the mould during pressing.
  • the shown mould comprises twelve support beams 22, but other numbers are of course also possible, depending e.g. on the size of the mould and the thickness of the curved laminated wood module.
  • the length of a support beam may be shorter than the press, such that several support beams are used to cover the length of the press.
  • the mould further comprises two or more distance beams 27 provided with spaced apart cut-outs 28.
  • the width of a cut-out corresponds to the thickness of a support wall 21 and the distance between two cut-outs corresponds to the longitudinal distance between two support walls.
  • the purpose of the distance beams is to ensure that the upper parts of the support walls are held in a correct position and do not displace or deform during pressing.
  • a distance beam is arranged in a slit 23 with a width that corresponds to the width of both a support beam 22 and a distance beam 27.
  • the height of a distance beam is larger than the height of a support beam, such that the sides of a cut-out will bear in the sides of a support wall.
  • the length of a distance beam preferably corresponds to the length of the press, such that a distance beam can support all support walls of the press. Part of a distance beam may be removed when the LVL boards are placed on the press, in order to make room for a holding beam 34. When all LVL boards are placed on the press and the holding beam has been lowered, the distance beam is in this case reassembled.
  • the bottom of a slit 23 may also be provided with a reinforcement member 29.
  • the reinforcement member is adapted to distribute the pressure from a support beam 22 to a larger area at the bottom region of a slit.
  • the reinforcement member may be a flat metal part, e.g. 5 - 10 mm thick, that is inserted in a widened bottom slit of the slit 23.
  • the length of a reinforcement member is e.g. two to three times the width of a support beam.
  • the reinforcement member will prevent the bottom of a slit 23 to be deformed by the pressure acting on a support beam, such that wear on the support wall is reduced.
  • the lowermost slit 23 is provided with a reinforcement member. This is due to the fact that this support beam is exposed to the highest forces.
  • Each support wall 21 is attached to a beam 6 by attachment brackets 26.
  • the attachment brackets will hold the support walls on the beams in a fixedly manner, such that the support walls will not displace or misalign during the pressing of a curved wood module.
  • the support walls are attached in a removable manner, e.g. with screws or pins, such that the support walls can be removed and other support walls can be attached to the beams when a differently sized mould is to be used.
  • the brackets can preferably also be removable mounted on a beam which is of advantage, e.g. if a larger mould requiring more brackets is to be attached to the beams.
  • the press further comprises a central alignment beam 50 that will centre each support wall through a central slit 51 in the support wall. This simplifies the attachment of a support wall to a beam when assembling the mould.
  • the press is adapted to produce curved laminated wood modules 100, either straight modules or modules with a conical shape.
  • the press can thus be provided with either a straight mould or a mould having a conical shape.
  • all support walls have the same size and shape.
  • the support walls will differ somewhat in size, starting with the largest support wall at one end of the mould and ending with the smallest support wall at the other end of the mould.
  • each support wall may be used for several different moulds.
  • One support wall may e.g. be used as the smallest support wall for one mould, as an intermediate support wall in another mould and as the largest support wall in yet another mould. This simplifies the design and storing of the moulds.
  • the shown press further comprises guide members 30 arranged at each end region 46, 47 of the press.
  • the guide members are arranged to position each LVL board 101 in a longitudinal and transverse correct position during the placing of each LVL board on the press, and to hold the LVL boards in this position during pressing, such that the LVL boards do not misplace during pressing. Without the guide members, there is a risk that the LVL boards may glide to one side due to an uneven initial pressing force or due to gravity.
  • the guide member may have different shapes, and is in the shown example a circular rod, and is arranged at each end region 46, 47 of the press.
  • Each LVL board comprises an opening 45, in the shown example a circular hole, at each end that corresponds to the guide member 30.
  • the guide member is arranged in a movable manner, such that it can extend over the complete curved laminated wood module 101 and over the upper part 3 in an extended position 61 , and such that it can be retracted to a lower position 60 below the uppermost bearing surface 59 of the mould.
  • the shown circular rod is provided on a hydraulic cylinder 31 attached to the outermost beam at each end of the frame 4.
  • a guide member will cooperate with an opening 45 or a slit in an LVL board.
  • the guide member may be controlled such that the guide member is extended with a distance corresponding to the thickness of an LVL board when a laminated veneer lumber board is placed on the stack.
  • the guide member will position and hold each LVL board in the correct position without extending over the upper surface of the LVL board. This will facilitate e.g. the use of a glue spreader that runs over each LVL board when glue is applied on each LVL board. It is also possible to use a fixed guide member.
  • the shown press also comprise at least two holding structures 32 arranged to support the flat LVL boards before they are pressed to a curved laminated wood module.
  • the number of used support structures depend e.g. on the length of the press and on the thickness of the used LVL boards.
  • the support structure 32 is in a raised position 58 arranged with the bearing surface aligned with the uppermost bearing surface 59 of the mould, such that the LVL boards are held in a flat state. In this way, each LVL board is supported in a flat state, such that glue applied with a glue spreader of some kind can be applied in a controlled manner. By holding the LVL boards in a flat state, the distance between the glue spreader and a LVL board will be constant over the complete LVL board.
  • a support structure 32 comprises at least two legs 33 arranged at the longitudinal sides 48, 49 of the press. It is possible to let the upper side of a leg be aligned with the uppermost bearing surface 59 of a support wall, such that a horizontal holding plane is provided when the LVL boards are placed on the press.
  • the support structure 32 may also be provided with a holding beam 34 that is arranged on the legs 33. In this case, the upper side, i.e. the bearing surface, of the holding beam is aligned with the uppermost bearing surface 59 of a support wall.
  • the legs may be fixed, or may be arranged on a cylinder that can be extended and lowered by e.g. hydraulic pressure.
  • the height of the support structure can be adapted to the height of the mould, which may differ depending on the size of a curved laminated wood module.
  • the holding structure 32 In a lowered position 57, the holding structure 32 is out of the way, and is e.g. aligned with a beam 6 of the frame 4. The holding beam 34 and the legs 33 may also be removed from the press.
  • the press further comprises an upper part 3, partly shown in Fig. 5.
  • the upper part 3 comprises a pressure distribution unit 36 that will provide an even pressure on the curved laminated wood module through the pulling means 20.
  • the pressure distribution unit 36 comprises a load distributing arrangement 37, in the shown example a plurality of straps, interconnecting two load bearing members 38, in the shown example two circular rods, where each rod is arranged at a longitudinal side edge 39 of the upper part 3.
  • To each rod there is attached a number of pulling brackets 40 to which the pulling means 20 of each beam are attached when a curved laminated wood module is to be pressed.
  • a pulling bracket 40 is curved and comprises a first end 41 pivotably attached to the rod 38 and a second end 42 provided with a hook 43.
  • the pulling means 20 are attached to the hooks of the pulling brackets either directly or through attachment means 52, 53, e.g. shackles or eyes. In this way, the pulling means 20 can easily be attached to the pulling brackets when a new curved laminated wood module is to be pressed or removed from the pulling brackets when a curved laminated wood module is ready.
  • the pulling bracket 40 is in the shown example attached to a rod 38.
  • the pulling bracket is at a first end 41 provided with a circular opening 44 that corresponds to the diameter of the rod.
  • each pulling bracket is threaded onto the rod and pushed to the desired position.
  • the straps can be applied.
  • the pulling bracket is in the shown example provided with a hook 43 arranged to receive the pulling means, either directly or through a shackle or the like.
  • a hook 43 allows the pulling means to be easily attached and detached, which simplifies the attachment of the upper part to the lower part of the press.
  • the second end could also be provided with a hole arranged to receive a shackle, hook or the like.
  • the pulling bracket is provided with a curved shape, somewhat resembling a C. This allows the first end 41 of the pulling bracket to apply the pulling force at a distance from the side edge 39 of the LVL boards. This distance is preferably larger than 10 cm. This will also allow the pulling bracket to rotate on the rod during the pressing of a laminated wood module, since the position of the pulling bracket will move inwards during the pressing.
  • the curved shape of a pulling bracket allows the pulling bracket to rotate freely with respect to the rod when a module is pressed and when the rod and the pulling brackets are pulled towards a beam. There is one pair of pulling brackets for each beam end.
  • the curved shape of the pulling bracket 40 allows the pressure from the pulling means 20 to be applied at a small distance from the longitudinal side edges of the module, e.g. 10 - 20 centimetres from a side edge. This will provide an even pressure distribution at the side edge of the curved laminated wood module, which will prevent the edge of a curved laminated wood module to be deformed. This will further provide an even force distribution in the straps 37 interconnecting the rods and thus the pulling brackets, which will also help to distribute the pressure force in an even manner, reducing the risk of a deformed curved laminated wood module.
  • the force is applied directly on the edge, there will be a force component pushing inwards on the edge of the upper LVL boards, which will deform at least the outer part of the edge.
  • the load bearing member may also be e.g. a rectangular beam to which a pulling bracket is attached by e.g. a hinge or the like. It is important that the pulling bracket is curved such that the load bearing member can be positioned at a distance from the outer edge of the LVL boards.
  • the load distributing arrangement may also be provided in other ways. It is important that the load distributing arrangement distributes the applied pressure evenly over the complete surface of the LVL boards. In the shown example, a number of adjustable straps are used. It is also possible to use a woven fabric of some sort having loops for the load bearing member, or the load bearing member may be fixedly attached to a flexible sheet or board, e.g. a metal sheet.
  • the upper part 3 may also comprise a pressure plate 35 which can act as a lid for the press and which can distribute the pressure over the complete module that is pressed.
  • the pressure plate may further hold and position the pressure distribution unit 36 such that the load distributing arrangement 37 and the load bearing members 38 can be handled as one piece.
  • a further advantage of using a pressure plate is that the force acting on the curved laminated wood module will be vertical, such that there is no bending moment acting on the module. An uneven pressure may result in uneven glue layer thicknesses when pressing the curved laminated wood module. This is also a reason to apply the pressure at a small distance from the side edge of the LVL boards.
  • the two rods 38 of the upper part 3 are connected with a load distributing arrangement 37 that will keep the distance between the rods and that will distribute the applied force over the surface of the upper LVL board.
  • the load distributing arrangement 37 comprises a plurality of straps arranged in a closed loop between the two rods.
  • the shown straps are two-piece tie-down straps that can be adjusted in length. In this way, it is easy to adjust the length of each strap to the desired length, e.g. when a conical laminated wood module is pressed, or to replace a strap if it is damaged. It is also possible to use loop straps having a fixed length. It would also be possible to use a single heavy cloth, e.g. a tarpaulin or the like, provided with loops at the longitudinal sides to hold the rods.
  • Fig. 7 shows a press 1 with a plurality of LVL boards 101 that are to be pressed to a curved laminated wood module 100.
  • Each LVL board is coated with a glue of some kind that will bond adjacent boards to each other when the curved laminated wood module is pressed.
  • the pressing is made at room temperature, i.e. cold pressing, there is thus no need to heat the LVL boards during pressing.
  • room temperature i.e. cold pressing
  • Laminated wood modules having a thickness of more than 150 mm are thus impractical to press with a heat press method, and much thicker laminated wood modules cannot be pressed at all.
  • the advantage of cold pressing is the simplicity, the drawback of the prolonged curing time for the glue.
  • the LVL boards used in this example is a laminated veneer lumber board where the wood grain direction of all veneer plies are directed in the same direction except for one or two adjacent veneer plies where the wood grain is directed in a perpendicular direction.
  • the veneer plies having a different direction may be positioned at any position in the LVL board, and is in one example positioned in the centre of the LVL board.
  • the LVL board consists of four veneer plies with the wood grain direction in a first direction, one ply with the wood grain direction in a perpendicular direction, and four veneer plies with the wood grain direction in a first direction, i.e. a nine veneer ply board.
  • LVL boards having only a single position with a crosswise arranged veneer ply are suitable for bending without breaking any of the veneer plies.
  • a laminated wood module may e.g. comprise eight such LVL boards, depending on the intended use. It is of course possible to use conventional LVL boards, where all veneer plies are oriented with the same wood grain direction, e.g. if a circular laminated wood tube is produced.
  • LVL boards for the curved laminated wood modules
  • the advantage of using LVL boards for the curved laminated wood modules is that the lamination can be made without an additional heating of the wood module.
  • LVL boards are laminated from veneer plies, a high temperature and a high pressure is required to laminate the LVL board. This is due to the fact that the used glue requires heat to set in a relatively short time.
  • additional heat, steam or other pretreatments are not necessary which simplifies the pressing considerably.
  • a short curing time for an LVL boards is crucial for an efficient production, but the curing time for a curved laminated wood module is not very important.
  • a typical curing time may be e.g. 8 hours.
  • the LVL boards are placed on the mould, one at the time. On each bearing surface between two LVL boards, glue is applied. A first LVL board is placed on the mould 5 and on the holding structure 32, glue is applied on the first LVL board, a second LVL board is placed on the first LVL board, glue is applied on the second LVL board, etc., until all LVL boards are positioned on the mould. There is no glue applied on the last LVL board.
  • the glue may be applied with e.g. a spray head or a roller in order to ensure that the right amount of glue is applied.
  • the glue may also be applied to an LVL board before the LVL board is placed in the press.
  • the upper part 3 When all laminated veneer lumber boards that are required for a curved laminated wood module 100 are positioned on the mould in the press, the upper part 3, with or without a pressure plate 35, is placed on the LVL boards.
  • the holding structure 32 is lowered from the raised position 58 to the lowered position 57.
  • the pressure plate may also comprise holes or slits that are adapted to cooperate with the guide members 30.
  • the press With the upper part in place, the press is ready for pressing a curved laminated veneer lumber module.
  • Each pulling means 20 is attached to the hook 43 of the corresponding pulling bracket 40.
  • Fig. 7 shows an example of the press before the pressing of a curved laminated wood module is started. In the shown example, a relatively wide curved laminated wood module is pressed.
  • the adjustment brackets 16 are here attached to an outer end of the beam 6, such that the distance between the pulley wheels 18, 19 of the pulling system 56 allows for a wide curved laminated wood module to be produced.
  • the pressing of a curved laminated wood module 100 is in the shown example performed by the use of the hydraulic cylinders 12.
  • a pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders, which pushes the pistons 13 out of the cylinder.
  • the first pulley wheel 15 will, when pressure is applied, selfcentre the piston such that is does not rotate in the hydraulic cylinder. This will in turn pull the pulling brackets 40 downwards, towards the beam 6.
  • Two pulling brackets are pulled down by one hydraulic cylinder. Pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders until the LVL boards bears on the complete outer surface of the mould 25, as shown in Fig. 8. All hydraulic cylinders of the press may be connected to the same pressure source.
  • each hydraulic cylinder will balance the other cylinders until all pulling brackets press the LVL boards to the mould with the same pressure.
  • the pressure is held at a constant level until the glue has cured. This may take several hours, depending on the used glue.
  • the glue has cured and the curved laminated wood module is ready, the pressure is released. It would also be possible to apply the pulling pressure with other pulling means, such as rotational electric motors or linear electric motors.
  • the pressure is held at an elevated pressure when the glue of the laminated wood module cures.
  • the required pressure to bend all the laminated veneer lumber boards is e.g. 100 bar.
  • the pressure is released from the hydraulic cylinders and each piston returns to its inner starting position. If a singleacting cylinder is used, the piston is returned by an external force, e.g. an external spring. If a double acting cylinder is used, a pressure is applied to the other side of the piston such that the piston returns to the start position.
  • the pulling means are unhooked from the pulling brackets, the upper part is removed from the press and the curved laminated wood module can be removed from the press and forwarded to a station in which e.g. the sides of the curved laminated wood module are shaped. In Figs. 9 and 10, an example is shown in which a narrow curved laminated wood module is pressed.
  • the adjustment brackets 16 are attached to the beam in a position close to the centre plane 9 of the press, such that the distance between the pulley wheels 18, 19 of the pulling system 56 allows for a narrow curved laminated wood module to be produced.
  • a corresponding smaller mould 5 is mounted to the frame.
  • the LVL boards that are used for the curved laminated wood module may all have the same size, or the size of an LVL board may be adapted to the curvature of the curved laminated wood module.
  • the first LVL board which will be the inner surface of a curved laminated wood module, will be slightly narrower than the rest of the LVL boards, and the uppermost LVL board will be the widest.
  • the LVL boards may also be slightly conical, i.e. one end side of the LVL board is wider than the opposite end side. This will provide curved laminated wood modules that can be used for a conical tower. In this way, less material must be removed after the curved laminated wood module has cured.
  • An LVL board may preferably comprise between seven to twelve plies of veneer, even if other numbers are also possible. These numbers give a good balance between productivity and usability when creating curved wooden structures comprising several LVL boards.
  • the total number of veneer plies in an LVL board may e.g. depend on the required thickness of a curved laminated wood module and on the production process. A thinner LVL board is easier to bend, but more separate LVL boards have to be handled which takes more time.
  • a wooden structure comprises a plurality of curved laminated wood modules mounted to each other.
  • a wooden structure is preferably circumferential with a closed periphery, e.g. a circular structure such as a tower. A closed structure will be rigid enough even though the wood grain of most of the veneer plies are directed in the same direction.
  • An LVL board is made from several veneer plies of thin wood.
  • a veneer ply may be e.g. between 2 - 4 mm thick, and an LVL board may comprise between 7 to 15 veneer plies.
  • the number of used LVL boards and the number of veneer plies in an LVL board depends on the forces that the final construction must handle.
  • curved laminated wood modules can be manufactured at a production plant in an efficient manner from LVL boards under controlled environmental conditions.
  • the curved laminated wood modules can then be transported to a site for e.g. a wind turbine plant where the curved laminated wood modules are assembled to circular sections and then to a laminated wood tower.
  • the curved laminated wood modules can be manufactured such that they will fit on an ordinary truck, which allows for an easy transport of the curved laminated wood modules. Further, the weight of the curved laminated wood modules is relatively low, which simplifies the transport to remote areas where the roads are often of low quality or non-existent.
  • a curved laminated wood module with an additional outer layer, e.g. a fibre composite material such as a glass fibre or carbon fibre ply or a surface treatment material.
  • the additional outer layer may be applied before or after a curved laminated wood module is cured.
  • Wood and especially spruce, pine or birch, is a cheap and strong material suitable to be used for laminating curved laminated wood modules from LVL boards.
  • Other types of laminated boards may also be used, such as laminated veneer boards laminated from bamboo fibres.
  • a plurality of LVL boards are placed on a mould of the press.
  • Glue is applied between each LVL board, such that the LVL boards can be glued together.
  • the glue is preferably applied on the upper surface of an LVL board when it lays in the press, before the next LVL board is placed on the previous LVL board.
  • the glue may also be applied to an LVL board before the LVL board is placed in the press.
  • the LVL boards When all LVL boards are positioned on the mould, the LVL boards can be pressed to a curved laminated wood module. It would also be possible to place and glue all LVL boards on each other outside of the press, and then to place the package of LVL boards in the press. Pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders, such that the pulling means pull the pulling brackets towards the frame of the press. This will pull the LVL boards towards the mould. When the LVL boards bears completely on the mould, the bending action is completed, and the pressure is held at a constant level until the glue has cured.
  • the curved laminated wood module can now be removed from the press.
  • the curved laminated wood module can be lifted by a traverse or a crane.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Abstract

Presse (1) et moule modulaire (5) pour une presse (1) pour la fabrication d'un module de bois stratifié incurvé (100) comprenant une pluralité de plaques de lamibois (LVL) (101), le moule modulaire (5) comprend une pluralité de parois de support convexes (21) ayant un rayon supérieur à 1 mètre, le moule modulaire (5) est d'au moins 10 mètres de long, une paroi de support comprend une pluralité de fentes (23) disposées au niveau d'une surface externe (25) d'une paroi de support (21), le moule modulaire (5) comprend une pluralité de poutres de support longitudinales (22) disposées dans les fentes (23), le bord externe (24) d'une poutre est aligné avec la surface externe (25) d'une paroi de support (21), le moule modulaire (5) comprend en outre au moins deux poutres de distance longitudinale (27) pourvues d'une pluralité de découpes (28), la distance entre les découpes (28) correspond à la distance entre les parois de support (21), et un faisceau de distance (27) est disposé dans une fente (23).
PCT/SE2022/050981 2021-10-29 2022-10-27 Moule modulaire pour une presse pour la fabrication d'un module de lamibois incurvé WO2023075668A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE2151325A SE545138C2 (en) 2021-10-29 2021-10-29 Modular mould for a press for producing a curved laminated veneer lumber module
SE2151325-4 2021-10-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023075668A1 true WO2023075668A1 (fr) 2023-05-04

Family

ID=85795601

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE2022/050981 WO2023075668A1 (fr) 2021-10-29 2022-10-27 Moule modulaire pour une presse pour la fabrication d'un module de lamibois incurvé

Country Status (2)

Country Link
SE (1) SE545138C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023075668A1 (fr)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU28763A1 (fr) * 1946-03-15
WO2009145538A2 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 부산대학교 산학협력단 Appareil de moule variable utilisé pour former des feuilles extensibles et procédé de formation de feuilles extensibles
CN104438538A (zh) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-25 吉林大学 基于变型面离散式模具的三维曲面拉伸成形方法
US20160332326A1 (en) * 2015-05-15 2016-11-17 Usnr, Llc Modular press
CN106363083A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 一种柔性弯折模具及快速成形大曲率型材零件的加工方法
CN113000682A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-22 中南大学 一种外网格壁板机械加载工装及加载方法

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU28763A1 (fr) * 1946-03-15
WO2009145538A2 (fr) * 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 부산대학교 산학협력단 Appareil de moule variable utilisé pour former des feuilles extensibles et procédé de formation de feuilles extensibles
CN104438538A (zh) * 2014-10-30 2015-03-25 吉林大学 基于变型面离散式模具的三维曲面拉伸成形方法
US20160332326A1 (en) * 2015-05-15 2016-11-17 Usnr, Llc Modular press
CN106363083A (zh) * 2016-08-31 2017-02-01 成都飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 一种柔性弯折模具及快速成形大曲率型材零件的加工方法
CN113000682A (zh) * 2021-02-07 2021-06-22 中南大学 一种外网格壁板机械加载工装及加载方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE2151325A1 (en) 2023-04-11
SE545138C2 (en) 2023-04-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10160171B2 (en) Wind turbine blades
US6823803B2 (en) Assembly for enclosing and protecting a plurality of meters for storage or transportation purposes and carrier and pallet for use therein
WO2023075668A1 (fr) Moule modulaire pour une presse pour la fabrication d'un module de lamibois incurvé
WO2023075669A1 (fr) Presse pour produire un module de lamibois incurvé comprenant une unité de distribution de pression
US5203948A (en) Apparatus and method for producing a bent laminate
WO2023075670A1 (fr) Système de traction et presse pour produire un module en bois de placage stratifié incurvé
EP4422857A1 (fr) Presse et procédé de production d'un module de bois de placage stratifié incurvé
DE102010055874B3 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Rotorblatts einer Windenergieanlage
CH699945A2 (de) Vorgespannte Schichtbrettholz- oder keilverzinkte Holz-Träger
JP7198920B2 (ja) 風力ブレード構成要素の接着治具
AU2007246151B2 (en) Assembly for pressing pressingparts, especially those made out of wood
EP0518217B1 (fr) Presse pour bois à lames pour la fabrication de poutres fermes collées et arguées
EP3470198B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un longeron de pale de rotor pour une pale de rotor d'une éolienne et système de fabrication d'un longeron de pale de rotor
US11473556B2 (en) Alignment device and method for aligning multiple beams for a spar cap of a wind turbine blade of a wind turbine
US9738058B1 (en) Platen reinforcing tension directed pressure materials mobile multi manufacturing press
CN113002021A (zh) 组装工装、片材式主梁的组装系统及铺放方法
EP1167657A2 (fr) Plate-forme pouvant être employée en combinaison avec un échafaudage
DE19534408C2 (de) Möbel mit mindestens einem Kunststoffteil sowie Möbelgestell
CN214734062U (zh) 一种钢筋桁架搬运装置
ITPD20070313A1 (it) Motoscalo perfezionato

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22887799

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 22887799

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1