WO2023071600A1 - 一种电子设备 - Google Patents

一种电子设备 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023071600A1
WO2023071600A1 PCT/CN2022/119454 CN2022119454W WO2023071600A1 WO 2023071600 A1 WO2023071600 A1 WO 2023071600A1 CN 2022119454 W CN2022119454 W CN 2022119454W WO 2023071600 A1 WO2023071600 A1 WO 2023071600A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sound
hole
receiving channel
microphone
transmission hole
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/119454
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023071600A9 (zh
Inventor
李俊
郭健强
杨帆
王冰
Original Assignee
荣耀终端有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 荣耀终端有限公司 filed Critical 荣耀终端有限公司
Publication of WO2023071600A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023071600A1/zh
Publication of WO2023071600A9 publication Critical patent/WO2023071600A9/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R19/00—Electrostatic transducers
    • H04R19/04—Microphones

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of terminals, and in particular to an electronic device.
  • Micro-Electro-Mechanical System is an acoustic-electric transducer based on MEMS technology. It has the characteristics of small size, good frequency response characteristics, and low noise. ) One of the essential devices. Generally, microphone products contain MEMS chips based on capacitance detection and Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC) chips. The capacitive signal is processed and output to achieve sound pickup. MEMS chips usually include a substrate with a back cavity, and a parallel plate capacitor composed of a back plate and a diaphragm arranged above the substrate. The diaphragm receives external sound signals and vibrates, so that the parallel plate capacitor generates a changing electrical signal. , to realize the sound-to-electricity conversion function.
  • ASIC Application Specific Integrated Circuit
  • the sensitivity of the microphone is required to be higher and higher, so that the strength of the microphone diaphragm is getting closer and closer to the limit, so that the diaphragm is prone to rupture when it is under a large pressure.
  • the diaphragm of the microphone when the diaphragm of the microphone is subjected to high pressure (such as: loud pressure, large air flow, etc.) or foreign matter enters during the use of the mobile phone, the diaphragm will break and fail, thereby greatly shortening the service life of the device.
  • high pressure such as: loud pressure, large air flow, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, which can solve the problem of rupture and failure of the microphone diaphragm due to the impact of the atmospheric air flow and the entry of foreign objects by providing a flow control member, thereby prolonging the service life of the device.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a sound-generating device, including: a housing and a circuit board disposed in the housing, the housing is provided with a sound pickup hole that penetrates the inside and outside of the housing, and the circuit board is provided with A sound transmission hole communicated with the sound transmission hole, a microphone is provided on the side of the sound transmission hole facing away from the sound transmission hole, and the microphone has a sound inlet hole that is opposite to and communicated with the sound transmission hole.
  • At least the sound pickup hole, the sound transmission hole and the sound inlet hole form a sound receiving channel; a flow control member is provided in the sound receiving channel, and the flow control member is used for the airflow in the sound receiving channel
  • the pressure is greater than or equal to a preset threshold
  • the sound receiving channel is closed, and when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is lower than the preset threshold, the sound receiving channel is opened.
  • the radio channel is closed when the airflow pressure in the radio channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value, and the radio channel is opened when the airflow pressure in the radio channel is lower than the preset threshold value, so that the sound can be guaranteed
  • the microphone can pick up sound normally, and when it encounters loud pressure or atmospheric airflow, it can close the sound receiving channel, thereby protecting the diaphragm in the microphone from breaking and failing.
  • the flow control member includes: a blocking portion and an elastic arm.
  • the first end of the elastic arm is connected to the blocking portion, and the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the inner wall of the sound collecting channel.
  • the flow control member as a structure including a blocking portion and an elastic arm, and the elastic arm has elasticity, it can be stretched and deformed when subjected to different pressures, so that when the blocking portion is subjected to loud pressure or atmospheric pressure, the elastic arm stretches so that the blocking part can block the sound receiving channel, and when the sound pressure or air pressure returns to a normal state, the elastic arm shrinks to the original position, thereby opening the sound receiving channel and ensuring the normal sound receiving of the microphone.
  • control part in the normal working state, the sound pressure or air pressure on the blocking part is small, and the elastic arm is in a state of no deformation or small deformation, so as to ensure that the sound receiving channel is in an open state; in addition, the above-mentioned flow
  • the control part has simple structure, convenient installation and low cost.
  • the inner diameter of the sound transmission hole is larger than the inner diameter of the sound inlet hole; the blocking part is located in the sound transmission hole, and the second end of the elastic arm is in contact with the sound transmission hole.
  • the inner wall of the sound hole is connected, or the second end of the elastic arm is clamped between the circuit board and the microphone; when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the blocking Partly block the sound inlet hole.
  • the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the inner wall of the sound transmission hole, or the second end of the elastic arm is clamped between the circuit board and the microphone.
  • the flow control part can be installed on the circuit board, thereby avoiding the impact of the air gun on the production line on the microphone during the SMT assembly process, thereby protecting the diaphragm of the microphone from rupture and failure, and improving the product qualification rate.
  • an orthographic projection area of the blocking portion toward the microphone is larger than an opening area of the sound inlet hole, so that the blocking portion covers the sound inlet hole.
  • the sound transmission hole includes an upper sound transmission hole and a lower sound transmission hole, there is a step between the upper sound transmission hole and the lower sound transmission hole, and the second end of the elastic arm connected to the step; when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the blocking part is blocked at the sound inlet; the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is less than a preset threshold When the threshold is set, there is a first gap between the blocking part and the sound inlet, so that the sound receiving channel is opened; or, when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the sound receiving channel The blocking part is blocked at the sound uploading hole; when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is lower than a preset threshold, there is a second gap between the blocking part and the sound uploading hole, so that the The above radio channel is opened.
  • the inner diameter of the upper sound transmission hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower sound transmission hole, so that the step portion is formed between the inner wall of the upper sound transmission hole and the inner wall of the lower sound transmission hole
  • the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion toward the microphone is smaller than the opening area of the sound upload hole, so that the blocking portion covers the sound inlet hole; or, the blocking portion faces the sound inlet
  • the orthographic projection area of the microphone is larger than the opening area of the sound uploading hole, so that the blocking part covers the sound uploading hole.
  • the sound transmission hole as a structure including an upper sound transmission hole and a lower sound transmission hole, there is a step between the upper sound transmission hole and the lower sound transmission hole, and the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the step, which not only provides flow control
  • the valve provides an installation position, which is convenient for installation, and the flow control part can be installed invisible inside the sound transmission hole, so as not to affect the installation of other components on the circuit board.
  • the flow control part is hidden in the sound transmission hole, It also protects the flow control parts from being scratched throughout the equipment assembly process.
  • the first gap between the blocking part and the sound inlet hole is d1
  • the P1 and the P2 are the airflow pressure
  • the P0 1e-5Pa
  • the dB1 and the dB2 are the maximum recording sound pressure values of the microphone
  • the K1 and the K2 are the pressure of the elastic arm Stiffness
  • the S1 and the S2 are the area of the blocking part
  • the F1 and the F2 are the pressure that the blocking part bears.
  • the stiffness of the elastic arm can be calculated by the above formula, and then the through-flow control member of different materials can be selected according to different installation positions, thereby improving the applicability and practicability of the through-flow control member.
  • the inner diameter of the sound pickup hole near the end of the sound transmission hole is larger than the inner diameter of the sound transmission hole; the blocking part is arranged on the side of the sound transmission hole facing away from the microphone One side, and the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the side of the circuit board facing away from the microphone; or, the blocking part is arranged in an end of the sound pickup hole close to the sound transmission hole, And the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the inner wall of the sound pickup hole; when the airflow pressure in the sound collection channel is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, the blocking part is blocked at the sound transmission hole ; when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is lower than a preset threshold, there is a third gap between the blocking portion and the sound transmission hole, so that the sound receiving channel is opened.
  • an orthographic projection area of the blocking portion toward the circuit board is larger than an opening area of the sound transmission hole, so that the blocking portion covers the sound transmission hole.
  • the blocking part By arranging the blocking part on the side of the sound transmission hole facing away from the microphone, the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the side of the circuit board facing away from the microphone, which can provide a larger installation position for the installation of the flow control part, thereby saving Setup time increases productivity and facilitates mass production.
  • the flow control member By arranging the blocking part in one end of the sound pickup hole close to the sound transmission hole, and the second end of the elastic arm is connected with the inner wall of the sound pickup hole, the flow control member can be fixed on the housing, so that it is relatively As far as the flow control component is arranged on the circuit board, the processing difficulty of the circuit board can be reduced.
  • the P3 is the airflow pressure
  • the P0 1e-5Pa
  • the dB3 is the maximum recording sound pressure value of the microphone
  • the K3 is the stiffness of the elastic arm
  • the S3 is the area
  • the F3 is the pressure that the blocking part bears.
  • the stiffness of the elastic arm can be calculated by the above formula, and then the through-flow control member of different materials can be selected according to different installation positions, thereby improving the applicability and practicability of the through-flow control member.
  • the number of the elastic arms is multiple, the multiple elastic arms are arranged at intervals on the outer peripheral edge of the blocking part, and the first ends of the multiple elastic arms are connected to the The outer peripheral edges of the blocking portion are connected.
  • the sensitivity of the through-flow control part can be improved, and the installation stability of the through-flow control part can be improved, so as to ensure that the force on the blocking part is uniform when subjected to atmospheric pressure impact, and no Due to the uneven force, the deviation occurs, and the sound inlet hole cannot be completely blocked, resulting in the rupture and failure of the microphone diaphragm.
  • the number of the elastic arms is two, the first ends of the two elastic arms are connected to the outer peripheral edge of the blocking part, and the two elastic arms are oppositely arranged , so that the flow control member has a symmetrical structure.
  • the pressure on the through-flow control part can be more balanced, thereby improving the connection stability of the through-flow control part.
  • the elastic arm is a strip structure, or the elastic arm is a curved structure arranged around a part of the outer peripheral edge of the blocking portion.
  • the elastic arm By designing the elastic arm as a strip structure, the structure of the flow control part can be simplified, which is convenient for installation and low in cost; by designing the elastic arm as a curved structure arranged around a part of the outer peripheral edge of the blocking part, the elastic arm can be reduced. Stiffness, thereby improving the sensitivity of the through-flow control.
  • the blocking portion is a circular sheet structure.
  • the blocking part By designing the blocking part as a circular sheet structure, not only the structure is simple, but also the materials used for the circular sheet structure are less expensive than the polygonal sheet structure whose diameter of the inscribed circle is equal to the diameter of the circular sheet structure. less, thereby reducing costs.
  • the material of the flow control member is 0.1 mm steel, or the material of the flow control member is PI, PET or PC.
  • PI polyimide
  • PET is commonly known as polyester resin
  • PC is linear carbonated polyester. All of the above materials have good thermoplasticity, which facilitates processing.
  • the cost of the flow control part can also be reduced, because 0.1mm steel is more common, and 0.1mm steel has a certain rigidity and strength, which can meet the requirements of the flow control part.
  • the housing at least includes a middle frame, the middle frame includes a frame and a metal middle plate, the frame surrounds the outer periphery of the metal middle plate, and the circuit board is located on the One side of the metal middle plate;
  • At least the sound pickup hole is opened on the frame.
  • one end of the sound pickup hole is located on the outer surface of the frame, the other end of the sound pickup hole is located on the metal middle plate and is connected to the
  • the sound transmission holes are opposite to each other, so that the sound pickup hole, the sound transmission hole and the sound inlet hole form the sound collection channel.
  • one end of the sound pickup hole is located on the outer surface of the frame, and the other end of the sound pickup hole is located on the inner surface of the frame; and the sound pickup hole is connected to the A sound transmission tube is arranged between the sound transmission holes, and the two ends of the sound transmission tube are connected with the sound transmission hole and the sound transmission hole respectively, and the sound transmission hole, the sound transmission hole, the sound transmission hole
  • the tube and the sound inlet hole form the sound receiving channel.
  • the sound pickup hole and the sound transmission hole can be connected, and then the sound collection channel can be connected, so as to ensure that the sound signal can enter the microphone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a middle frame and a microphone of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the microphone of the electronic device installed on the middle frame provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another three-dimensional structure of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6A is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 6B is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone, a middle frame and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • Fig. 7 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone, a middle frame and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is another schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10A is a bottom view of the through-flow control part installed on the circuit board in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10B is a front view of a flow control part of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 11 is another bottom view of the flow control part of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is another bottom view of the electronic equipment provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the through-flow control part is installed on the circuit board;
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;
  • FIG. 16 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is another schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 18 is another cross-sectional schematic diagram of a microphone, a middle frame and a circuit board of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • 100-mobile phone 100-mobile phone; 10-display screen; 20-middle frame; 21-right frame; 22-bottom frame; 221-pickup hole;
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including but not limited to mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), handheld computer, walkie-talkie, netbook, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant) assistant, PDA), driving recorder, wearable device, virtual reality device, Bluetooth audio/headphone, or vehicle pre-installation and other mobile or fixed terminals with radio function.
  • an electronic device including but not limited to mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, ultra-mobile personal computer (ultra-mobile personal computer, UMPC), handheld computer, walkie-talkie, netbook, personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant) assistant, PDA), driving recorder, wearable device, virtual reality device, Bluetooth audio/headphone, or vehicle pre-installation and other mobile or fixed terminals with radio function.
  • the mobile phone 100 is taken as an example of the above-mentioned electronic device for illustration.
  • Figures 1-2 show the overall structure and split structure of the mobile phone 100 respectively.
  • the mobile phone 100 may include a display screen 10 and the housing, as shown in Figure 2, the housing may include a middle frame 20 and a rear cover 60, and a circuit board 30 and a battery 40 are also arranged inside the housing, and the middle frame 20, the circuit board 30 and the battery 40 may be provided between the display screen 10 and the rear cover 60 .
  • the circuit board 30 and the battery 40 can be arranged on the middle frame 20, for example, the circuit board 30 and the battery 40 are arranged on the side of the middle frame 20 facing the rear cover 60; or the circuit board 30 and the battery 40 can be arranged on the middle frame 20 On the side facing the display screen 10.
  • the battery 40 when the battery 40 is arranged on the middle frame 20, for example, a battery compartment can be arranged on the side of the middle frame 20 facing the rear cover 60, and the battery 40 is installed in the battery compartment on the middle frame 20 (as shown in FIG. 2 shown in the dotted box).
  • the battery 40 can be connected to the charging management module and the circuit board 30 through the power management module.
  • the screen 10, the camera and the communication module etc. are powered.
  • the power management module can also be used to monitor parameters such as the capacity of the battery 40 , the number of cycles of the battery 40 , and the state of health of the battery 40 (leakage, impedance).
  • the power management module can also be disposed in the processor of the circuit board 30 .
  • the power management module and the charging management module can also be set in the same device.
  • the display screen 10 may be an organic light-emitting diode (Organic Light-Emitting Diode, OLED) display screen, or a liquid crystal display screen (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD). It should be understood that the display screen 10 may include a display and a touch device, the display is used to output display content to the user, and the touch device is used to receive a touch event input by the user on the display screen 10 .
  • OLED Organic Light-Emitting Diode
  • LCD liquid crystal display screen
  • the back cover 60 may be a metal cover, a glass cover, a plastic cover, or a ceramic cover.
  • the material of the back cover 60 is not limited.
  • the middle frame 20 may include a metal middle plate 25 and a frame, and the frame is arranged around the periphery of the metal middle plate 25.
  • the frame may include a top frame 24 and a bottom frame 22 arranged oppositely. , and a left frame 23 and a right frame 21 located between the top frame 24 and the bottom frame 22 and opposite to each other.
  • the connection methods between each frame and the metal middle plate 25 include but not limited to welding, clamping and integral injection molding.
  • the material of the metal middle plate 25 may be aluminum or aluminum alloy, or the material of the metal middle plate 25 may be stainless steel. It should be noted that the material of the metal middle plate 25 includes but is not limited to the above materials.
  • each frame (top frame 24, bottom frame 22, left frame 23 and right frame 21) can be a metal frame, also can be a glass frame, can also be a plastic frame or a ceramic frame.
  • the mobile phone 100 may include a display screen 10 and a rear cover, and the rear cover may be the rear cover 60 and frames (ie, top frame 24, bottom frame 22, left frame 23 and The frame formed by the right frame 21) forms an integral molding (Unibody) back cover.
  • the circuit board 30 and the battery 40 are located in the cavity surrounded by the display screen 10 and the rear cover.
  • the structure shown in the embodiment of the present application does not constitute a specific limitation on the mobile phone 100 .
  • the mobile phone 100 may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or separate certain components, or arrange different components.
  • the mobile phone 100 may also include devices such as a camera (such as a front camera and a rear camera) and a flashlight. Taking the structure of the mobile phone shown in FIG. 2 as an example, the structure of the mobile phone is described respectively for scenarios 1 and 2.
  • the mobile phone 100 may further include: a microphone 50, that is, a microphone.
  • the microphone 50 is used to convert the sound signal into an electrical signal.
  • the user can make a sound by approaching the microphone 50 through the mouth, and input the sound signal into the microphone 50, thereby realizing a voice call.
  • Figure 3 and Figure 4 show the assembly diagrams of the middle frame, the microphone and the circuit board.
  • the circuit board 30 is provided with a sound transmission hole 31 communicating with the sound pickup hole 221 (see Fig. 5), the microphone 50 can be arranged on the side of the circuit board 30 facing the screen, and the microphone 50 can be close to the bottom frame 22 offer the position setting of pickup hole 221.
  • the microphone 50 can be fixed on the circuit board 30, and the side of the microphone 50 that offers the sound inlet 521 (see Figure 6A) is facing the circuit board 30, and the sound inlet 521 is connected to the circuit board 30.
  • the sound transmission holes 31 are connected.
  • the mobile phone 100 can also include a speaker, which can convert audio electrical signals into audio signals, and the mobile phone 100 can play music through sound-generating devices, or implement hands-free calls.
  • the bottom frame 22 of the mobile phone 100 is provided with a sound pickup hole 221, and the bottom frame 22 of the mobile phone 100 is also provided with a sound outlet 223 communicated with the speaker, so that the sound produced by the speaker can be It is transmitted outward from the sound outlet hole 223 to realize the function of external playback.
  • a power interface 222 is also provided on the bottom frame 22 of the mobile phone, and the power interface 222 can be a USB Type-C interface or a Micro USB interface.
  • the mobile phone 100 can be provided with two microphones, one of which is the main microphone and the other is the auxiliary microphone.
  • the main microphone is arranged below the mobile phone 100 and can be used to collect sound signals
  • the auxiliary microphone is arranged on the top of the mobile phone 100. Noise reduction function can be realized.
  • the mobile phone 100 can also be equipped with three, four or more microphones to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, and realize directional recording functions.
  • opening positions of the sound outlet 223 and the power interface 222 include but are not limited to the position of the bottom frame 22 shown in FIG. Need to adjust.
  • the speaker and the microphone 50 can be electrically connected to the processor on the circuit board 30 through the audio module, so that the speaker, the microphone 50, the audio module and the processor etc. can realize audio functions, such as music playing, recording, etc. .
  • the audio module can be set in the processor, or part of the functions of the audio module can be set in the processor.
  • the audio module can convert digital audio information into analog audio signal output, and can also be used to convert analog audio input into digital audio signal. Used to encode and decode audio signals.
  • the MESE microphone 50 is used as the microphone 50 of the mobile phone 100 for illustration.
  • the MESE microphone 50 includes a housing 51, a substrate 52, a MESE microphone chip 54 and an ASIC chip 53, the housing 51 and a circuit board.
  • the MESE microphone chip 54 and the ASIC chip 53 are fixed on the substrate 52 and located in the cavity structure.
  • the MESE microphone chip 54 includes a back plate 542 and a diaphragm 541 , and the back plate 542 and the diaphragm 541 are arranged in parallel to form a parallel plate capacitor.
  • the end opposite to the parallel plate capacitor has an opening structure, and a sound inlet hole 521 is opened on the substrate 52 , and the sound inlet hole 521 communicates with the opening structure of the MESE microphone chip 54 .
  • the sound signal enters the MESE microphone chip 54 from the sound inlet 521, and then the vibrating membrane 541 receives the sound signal from the outside and vibrates, so that the parallel plate capacitor produces a changing electrical signal, realizing the sound and electricity conversion function.
  • the bottom frame 22 of the mobile phone 100 is provided with a sound pickup hole 221 that runs through the inside and outside of the shell, one end of the sound pickup hole 221 can be located on the outer surface of the bottom frame 22, and the other end of the sound pickup hole 221 can be located
  • the metal middle plate 25 is opposite to the sound transmission hole 31 on the circuit board 30 .
  • the sound transmission hole 31 is provided with a microphone 50 on the side facing away from the sound transmission hole 221, and the microphone 50 has a sound inlet hole 521 opposite and connected to the sound transmission hole 31, so that the sound pickup hole 221, the sound transmission hole 31 and the sound inlet hole 521 can form the sound receiving channel (the path that the dotted line with arrow enters in Fig. 6B is the sound receiving channel), and sound signal just can enter from sound pickup hole 221 like this, enters in the microphone 50 through the sound receiving channel, and microphone 50 converts the sound signal into electric signal, and then realize the voice call function.
  • a through-flow control member 70 can be set in the sound-receiving channel, and the through-flow control member 70 is used to close the sound-receiving channel when the airflow pressure in the sound-receiving channel is greater than or equal to a preset threshold, and is used for The radio channel is activated when the airflow pressure is lower than the preset threshold.
  • the dotted line with the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of the airflow, and the path that the dotted line with the arrow passes is the radio channel.
  • one end of the sound pickup hole 221 can be located on the outer surface of the bottom frame 22, and the other end of the sound pickup hole 221 is located on the inner surface of the bottom frame 22;
  • a sound transmission tube 80 is arranged between the sound transmission holes 31, and the two ends of the sound transmission tube 80 communicate with the sound transmission hole 221 and the sound transmission hole 31 respectively, and the sound transmission hole 221, the sound transmission hole 31, the sound transmission tube 80 and the sound inlet hole 521 form a radio channel.
  • the sound transmission tube 80 may be a rubber tube or a silicone tube.
  • the radio channel is closed when the airflow pressure in the radio channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and the radio channel is opened when the airflow pressure in the radio channel is less than the preset threshold, which can ensure
  • the microphone 50 works normally to pick up sound under normal conversation conditions, and can close the sound collection channel when encountering high pressure or large air flow, thereby protecting the diaphragm 541 in the microphone 50 from breaking and failing.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board when the sound-receiving channel is in an open state
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a microphone and a circuit board when the sound-receiving channel is in a closed state.
  • the flow control member 70 may be located inside the sound transmission hole 31 , and the inner diameter of the sound transmission hole 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the sound inlet hole 521 .
  • the flow control member 70 includes: a blocking portion 71 and two elastic arms 72, 73 extending outward around the blocking portion 71.
  • the elastic arm 72 and the elastic arm 73 are oppositely arranged on the outside of the blocking portion 71 to allow the flow
  • the control member 70 has a symmetrical structure.
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected to the blocking portion 71 , and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 can be connected to the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the first end 731 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the blocking portion 71 , and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 can be connected to the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the flow control member 70 may be a linear structure, and the flow control member 70 is disposed in the sound transmission hole 31 , that is, the blocking portion 71 is located in the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion 71 is greater than the area of the sound inlet hole 521, so that when the airflow pressure in the sound collecting channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the blocking portion 71 blocks the sound inlet hole 521 (see FIG. 9); When the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is lower than the preset threshold, there is a first gap d1 between the blocking portion 71 and the sound inlet hole 521 to open the sound receiving channel.
  • the flow control part is set to include the structure of the blocking part and the elastic arm, so that when the flow control part is in the sound transmission hole, there is a gap between the blocking part and the inside of the sound transmission hole, so as to ensure the sound quality.
  • the signal can enter the microphone from the receiving channel.
  • the blocking part 71 is a circular sheet structure, and the two elastic arms 72, 73 are strip-shaped structures, and the two elastic arms 72, 73 are oppositely arranged on the blocking part 71.
  • the elastic arm 73 is located on the left side of the blocking portion 71
  • the elastic arm 72 is located on the right side of the blocking portion 71 .
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected with the outer peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71, and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 is connected with the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31; the first end 731 of the elastic arm 73 is connected with the blocking portion 71 The outer peripheral edge of the elastic arm 73 is connected with the second end 732 of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the two elastic arms 72, 73 and the blocking portion 71 are in the same plane, and the flow control member 70 has a symmetrical structure.
  • the plane where the two elastic arms 72, 73 are located forms a certain angle with the plane where the blocking part 71 is located. arm 72.
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected with the peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71, and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 can be connected with the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31;
  • the first end 731 of the elastic arm 73 is connected with the blocking portion
  • the outer peripheral edge of the elastic arm 71 is connected, and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 can be connected with the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the elastic arms 72, 73 are provided with bent parts, and the bent parts are arranged close to the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73, wherein the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73
  • the plane where the second end 732 is located may be parallel to the plane where the blocking portion 71 is located, and the flow control member 70 has a symmetrical structure.
  • the plane where the elastic arm is located and the plane where the blocking part is located form a certain angle, and the included angle may be zero, that is to say, the pluggable part of the elastic arm is in the same plane (as shown in FIG. 8 ).
  • the elastic arm can also be set in a bent shape (as shown in FIG. 10B ), or in other shapes, as long as it can be conveniently installed in the sound receiving channel.
  • the blocking part as a circular sheet structure, and setting the elastic arm as a strip structure, this not only simplifies the structure of the through-flow control part, facilitates installation, but also can be set as an inscribed
  • the multi-deformation structure whose circle diameter is the same as that of the circular sheet will save material, thereby reducing the cost.
  • the number of elastic arms includes but is not limited to two. As shown in FIG. On the outside of the blocking portion 71 , the flow control member 70 has a symmetrical structure, so that when the flow control member 70 is installed in the sound collection channel, the installation stability of the flow control member 70 can be improved. In addition, in some embodiments, the number of elastic arms can be one, three, five, six, etc., and the specific number can be calculated according to the material, structure and length of the elastic arms, which will not be repeated here.
  • the sensitivity of the through-flow control part can be improved, and the installation stability of the through-flow control part can be improved, so as to ensure that the force on the blocking part is uniform when impacted by atmospheric pressure, and no It will be offset due to uneven force, and the sound inlet hole cannot be completely blocked, resulting in the rupture and failure of the microphone diaphragm.
  • the elastic arms 72 , 73 are curved structures arranged around part of the outer peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71 .
  • the stiffness of the elastic arms 72 , 73 can be reduced, thereby improving the sensitivity of the flow control member 70 .
  • the positions of the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 include but are not limited to being disposed on the inner wall of the sound transmission hole 31.
  • the second end 732 of the elastic arm 72 The end 722 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 can also be clamped between the circuit board 30 and the substrate 52 of the microphone 50, or the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 can be fixed on the circuit board 30. board 30, or fixed on the base plate 52 of the microphone 50. Therefore, the installation positions of the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 can be specifically determined according to the difficulty of installation, which is not limited here.
  • the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion 71 toward the microphone 50 is larger than the opening area of the sound inlet hole 521 , so that the blocking portion 71 covers the sound inlet hole 521 . This can ensure that the blocking part 71 can completely cover the sound inlet hole 521 of the microphone 50 when it is impacted by the atmospheric airflow, thereby ensuring that the atmospheric airflow will not enter the microphone 50, thereby protecting the diaphragm 541 from rupture and failure.
  • a sound transmission hole 31 is provided on the circuit board 30, and the sound transmission hole 31 includes an upper sound transmission hole 311 and a lower sound transmission hole 312, wherein the upper sound transmission hole 311 is set close to the microphone 50, And the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is greater than the inner diameter of the sound inlet hole 521, and the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower sound hole 312, so that a step is formed between the inner wall of the upper sound hole 311 and the inner wall of the lower sound hole 312
  • the area of the orthographic projection of the blocking portion 71 toward the microphone 50 is smaller than the opening area of the sound upload hole 311 and larger than the opening area of the sound inlet hole 521 , so that the blocking portion 71 can cover the sound inlet hole 521 .
  • the flow control member 70 includes: a blocking portion 71 and elastic arms 72, 73 extending outward around the blocking portion 71.
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71, and the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72
  • the two ends 722 are connected to the stepped portion of the sound transmission hole 31 ;
  • the first end 731 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71
  • the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the stepped portion of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the flow control part 70 is a linear structure, so that when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the blocking part 71 can be blocked at the sound inlet hole 521 under pressure; the air flow pressure in the sound receiving channel is less than When the threshold is preset, there is a first gap d1 between the blocking portion 71 and the sound inlet hole 521 to open the sound collecting channel.
  • the inner diameters of the upper sound hole 311 and the lower sound hole 312 do not constitute a limitation to the scope of protection of this embodiment, which may be a structure in which the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is smaller than that of the lower sound hole 312 as shown in FIG. 13 , it can also be a structure in which the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 in FIG. 14 is larger than the inner diameter of the lower sound hole 312 .
  • a sound transmission hole 31 is provided on the circuit board 30, and the sound transmission hole 31 includes an upper sound transmission hole 311 and a lower sound transmission hole 312, wherein the upper sound transmission hole 311 is arranged near the microphone 50, and the upper sound transmission hole 311
  • the inner diameter is larger than that of the sound inlet hole 521
  • the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is larger than that of the lower sound hole 312 , so that a step is formed between the inner wall of the upper sound hole 311 and the inner wall of the lower sound hole 312 .
  • the flow control member 70 includes: a blocking portion 71 and elastic arms 72, 73 extending outward around the blocking portion 71.
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71, and the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72
  • the two ends 722 are connected to the stepped portion of the sound transmission hole 31 ;
  • the first end 731 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the peripheral edge of the blocking portion 71 , and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the stepped portion of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the flow control part 70 is a linear structure, so that when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the blocking part 71 can be blocked at the sound inlet hole 521 under pressure; the air flow pressure in the sound receiving channel is less than When the threshold is preset, there is a first gap d1 between the blocking portion 71 and the sound inlet hole 521 to open the sound collecting channel.
  • the flow control member 70 in the embodiment of the present application includes but is not limited to the linear structure shown in FIG. 13 .
  • the flow control member 70 can be a broken line as shown in FIG. Type structure, as long as the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the blocking part 71 can be blocked at the sound inlet hole 521 or the sound transmission hole 31 under pressure, and the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel When it is less than the preset threshold, the radio channel can be opened.
  • the elastic arm has elasticity and can be stretched and deformed under different pressures.
  • the elastic arm stretches, so that the blocking part realizes the sound collection channel.
  • the elastic arm shrinks to the original position, and then the radio channel is opened to ensure the normal radio reception of the microphone.
  • the sound pressure or air pressure on the blocking part is small, and the elastic arm is in a state of no deformation or small deformation to ensure that the sound receiving channel is in an open state; in addition, the above flow control parts Simple structure, convenient installation and low cost.
  • P1 is the airflow pressure
  • P0 1e-5Pa
  • dB1 is the maximum recording sound pressure value of the microphone
  • K1 is the stiffness of the elastic arm
  • S1 is the area of the blocking part
  • F1 is the pressure on the blocking part.
  • the maximum recording sound pressure value (Acoustic Overload Point, AOP) refers to the maximum sound pressure value that the microphone can record; the current AOP value of mainstream microphones is 145dB.
  • the ultimate pressure of the diaphragm is 0.1MPa, which is much higher than the maximum airflow pressure of 177Pa that the microphone can record. Therefore, the diaphragm of the microphone will not break and fail during normal voice calls.
  • a flow control piece is installed in the radio channel. When the airflow pressure exceeds 177Pa, the flow control piece can block the radio channel to protect the microphone.
  • the preset threshold value of the airflow pressure of the flow control part 70 can be greater than the maximum airflow pressure that can be recorded by the microphone 50, so that it can be ensured that the flow control part 70 will not affect the Acquisition of the sound signal by the microphone 50; and the preset threshold value of the airflow pressure of the flow control part 70 can be less than the maximum airflow intensity that the diaphragm 541 can withstand, so that when a large airflow enters the sound collection channel, the blocking part 71 closes the sound reception channel , thereby preventing atmospheric airflow from entering the microphone 50 and preventing the diaphragm 541 of the protection microphone 50 from breaking and failing.
  • the preset threshold value of the airflow pressure of the flow control member 70 can be any value from 177Pa to 0.1MPa, such as: 117Pa, 200Pa, 1000Pa, 2000Pa, 0.1MPa, etc. That is, when the flow control member 70 is subjected to atmospheric air pressure greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the elastic arm deforms and then blocks the sound collection channel. The radio channel is on.
  • the stiffness of the elastic arms is also related to the number and length of the elastic arms. Therefore, the material, quantity, shape, length, thickness and width of the elastic arms can be determined according to the strength value of the elastic arms.
  • the stiffness of the elastic arm can be calculated by the above formula, and then the through-flow control member 70 of different materials can be selected according to different installation positions, thereby improving the applicability and practicability of the through-flow control member 70 .
  • the material of the flow control member 70 may be 0.1mm steel.
  • 0.1mm steel is relatively common, and has a certain rigidity and strength, which can meet the requirements of the flow control member 70, and the price of 0.1mm steel is low, so that the cost can be reduced.
  • the material of the blocking portion and the elastic arm of the flow control member may be the same, for example, both the blocking portion and the elastic arm are 0.1mm steel.
  • the thickness of the blocking portion may be greater than the thickness of the elastic arm.
  • the materials of the blocking portion and the elastic arm of the flow control member may also be different, for example, the blocking portion may be made of 0.1mm steel, and the elastic arm may be made of other materials, such as copper or aluminum.
  • the materials of the blocking part and the elastic arm do not limit the protection scope of the technical solution of the present application, as long as the technical solution is provided with a flow control member and the strength of the elastic arm meets the above requirements, it belongs to the protection scope of the technical solution of the application.
  • the material of the flow control member 70 includes but is not limited to 0.1mm steel, and it can also be made of other metal materials, such as copper, aluminum and the like.
  • the material of the flow control member 70 can also be a non-metallic material, including but not limited to PI, PET or PC, wherein PI is polyimide, PET is commonly known as polyester resin, and PC is linear Polyester carbonate, the above-mentioned materials all have good thermoplasticity, which facilitates processing.
  • connection methods between the flow control member 70 and the circuit board 30 include but not limited to: welding, riveting, bonding, surface mount, electromagnetic attraction, clamping, buckling or fastener connection.
  • the through-flow control member may be of an integral structure or of a split structure.
  • the connection methods between the blocking part and the elastic arm include but are not limited to: welding, riveting, bonding, surface mount, electromagnetic attraction, clamping, buckling or fasteners connect.
  • the above examples are examples in which the blocking portion 71 of the flow control member 70 is subjected to sound pressure or air pressure, and the sound inlet hole is blocked.
  • the following describes how the blocking portion 71 of the flow control member 70 is subjected to sound pressure or air pressure. , an example of blocking the sound transmission hole. By blocking the sound transmission hole, the sound inlet hole is also blocked. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG.
  • a sound transmission hole 31 is provided on the circuit board 30, and the sound transmission hole 31 includes an upper sound transmission hole 311 and a lower sound transmission hole 312, wherein the upper sound transmission hole 311 is disposed close to the microphone 50,
  • the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is larger than the inner diameter of the sound inlet hole 521, and the inner diameter of the upper sound hole 311 is smaller than the inner diameter of the lower sound hole 312, so that a step is formed between the inner wall of the upper sound hole 311 and the inner wall of the lower sound hole 312
  • the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion 71 toward the microphone 50 is larger than the opening area of the sound uploading hole 311 , so that the blocking portion 71 covers the sound uploading hole 311 .
  • the flow control member 70 includes: a blocking portion 71 and an elastic arm 72 extending outward around the blocking portion 71 , and two elastic arms 72 , 73 are arranged on the outside of the blocking portion 71 at intervals.
  • the first end 721 of the elastic arm 72 is connected to the outer peripheral edge of the blocking part 71, and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 is connected to the step part of the sound transmission hole 31;
  • the outer peripheral edges are connected, and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 is connected to the stepped portion of the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • the flow control part 70 is a zigzag structure, that is, the elastic arms 72, 73 and the blocking portion 71 are arranged at an angle, and the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion 71 is larger than the inner diameter of the sound uploading hole 311, so that in the sound receiving channel
  • the blocking part 71 blocks the sound uploading hole 311, wherein the sound inlet hole 521 is also blocked while the blocking part 71 blocks the sound uploading hole 311, and the sound receiving channel is completely closed ;
  • P2 is the airflow pressure
  • P0 1e-5Pa
  • dB2 is the maximum recording sound pressure value of the microphone
  • K2 is the stiffness of the elastic arm
  • S2 is the area of the blocking part
  • F2 is the pressure on the blocking part.
  • the maximum recording sound pressure value (Acoustic Overload Point, AOP) refers to the maximum sound pressure value that the microphone can record; the current AOP value of mainstream microphones is 145dB.
  • the ultimate pressure of the diaphragm is 0.1MPa, which is much higher than the maximum airflow pressure of 177Pa that the microphone can record. Therefore, the diaphragm of the microphone will not break and fail during normal voice calls.
  • a flow control piece is installed in the radio channel. When the airflow pressure exceeds 177Pa, the flow control piece can block the radio channel to protect the microphone.
  • the preset threshold value of the airflow pressure of the flow control member 70 can be any value from 177Pa to 0.1MPa, for example, it can be 117Pa, 200Pa, 1000Pa, 2000Pa, 0.1MPa and so on. That is, when the flow control member 70 is subjected to atmospheric air pressure greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the elastic arm deforms and then blocks the sound collection channel. The radio channel is on.
  • the inner diameter of the sound upload hole 311 can be larger than the sound inlet hole 521 or smaller than the sound inlet hole 521.
  • the flow control member 70 can be a zigzag structure , wherein, the positive projection area of the blocking portion 71 is greater than the inner diameter of the sound uploading hole 311, so that the blocking portion 71 can be used to block the sound uploading hole 311, and then block the sound hole 521 to protect the diaphragm 541 of the microphone 50;
  • the flow control member 70 can be linear, wherein the orthographic area of the blocking portion 71 is larger than the inner diameter of the sound inlet hole 521, so that the blocking portion 71 can be used The sound inlet hole 521 is blocked to protect the diaphragm 541 of the microphone 50; in addition, when the inner diameter of the sound upload
  • the flow control member can also have other shapes, as long as the technical solution of using the blocking part to block the sound receiving channel belongs to the protection scope of the present application, it will not be repeated here.
  • the sound transmission hole 31 includes an upper sound transmission hole 311 and a lower sound transmission hole 312, there is a step between the upper sound transmission hole 311 and the lower sound transmission hole 312, the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 It is connected with the step part, which not only provides an installation position for the flow control part 70, which is convenient for installation, but also can install the flow control part 70 invisibly inside the sound transmission hole 31, so as not to affect the installation of other components on the circuit board 30 , In addition, making the through-flow control part 70 invisible in the sound transmission hole 31 can also protect the through-flow control part 70 from being scratched during the entire equipment assembly process.
  • the position of the flow control member 70 includes but is not limited to the sound transmission hole 31.
  • the flow control member 70 can be arranged in the sound inlet hole 521;
  • the control member 70 can be arranged in the sound pickup hole 221 ; in some embodiments, the flow control member 70 can also be arranged in the sound transmission tube 80 .
  • a diaphragm with an ultimate strength of 0.1 MPa is taken as an example for illustration.
  • the diaphragm When the diaphragm is impacted by the airflow greater than 0.1MPa, it will break and fail.
  • the production line In the SMT assembly process, the production line will use an air gun to clean foreign objects, sundries and residues on the circuit board.
  • the airflow pressure of the airgun is generally not less than 0.3MPa. If the airflow of the airgun is directly blown into the microphone, it will cause the diaphragm of the microphone to rupture and fail.
  • SMT Surface Mount Technology, Surface Mount Technology
  • SMC/SMD surface mount components
  • PCB printed circuit Board
  • SMT surface mount technology
  • PCB printed circuit Board
  • SMT is currently the most popular technology and process in the electronic assembly industry.
  • the production line will use an air gun to clean foreign objects, sundries and residues on the circuit board.
  • the air pressure of the air gun is generally not less than 0.3MPa.
  • the second end of the elastic arm is connected to the inner wall of the sound transmission hole, or the second end of the elastic arm is clamped between the circuit board and the microphone, which can Install the flow control part on the circuit board, so as to avoid the direct impact of the air gun on the production line on the microphone, thereby protecting the diaphragm of the microphone from breaking and failing, and improving the product qualification rate.
  • the position of the flow control member 70 in FIG. 6 is the same as that of the flow control member 70 in FIG. 16 .
  • the bottom frame 22 is provided with a sound pickup hole 221 that runs through the inside and outside of the housing.
  • One end of the sound pickup hole 221 can be located on the outer surface of the bottom frame 22, and the other end of the sound pickup hole 221 can be located on the metal middle plate. 25 and opposite to the sound transmission hole 31 on the circuit board 30, so that the sound pickup hole 221, the sound transmission hole 31 and the sound inlet hole 521 form a sound collection channel.
  • the inner diameter of the sound pickup hole 221 near the end of the sound transmission hole 31 is larger than the inner diameter of the sound transmission hole 31;
  • the two ends 722 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 are connected to the side of the circuit board 30 facing away from the microphone 50 .
  • the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is less than the preset threshold, there is a third gap d3 between the blocking part 71 and the sound transmission hole 31, and the sound receiving channel is in an open state; when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold , the blocking portion 71 is blocked at the sound transmission hole 31, and the sound receiving channel is in a closed state (see FIG. 17 ).
  • the blocking part 71 is arranged on the side of the sound transmission hole 31 facing away from the microphone 50, and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 are connected to the side of the circuit board 30 facing away from the microphone 50, so that It can avoid the direct impact of the air gun on the production line on the microphone 50, thereby protecting the diaphragm 541 of the microphone 50 from rupture and failure, and improving the product qualification rate; in addition, it can also provide a larger installation position for the installation of the flow control part 70, Thereby saving installation time, increasing productivity, and facilitating mass production.
  • the blocking part 71 can be arranged in one end of the sound pickup hole 221 close to the sound transmission hole 31 (as shown in FIG. 18 ), and the second end of the elastic arm is connected with the inner wall of the sound pickup hole 221; When the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the blocking part 71 is blocked at the sound transmission hole 31; There is a third gap d3 between, so that the radio channel is opened.
  • the blocking part 71 is arranged in one end of the sound pickup hole 221 close to the sound transmission hole 31, and the second end 722 of the elastic arm 72 and the second end 732 of the elastic arm 73 are connected with the inner wall of the sound pickup hole 221, so that the sound pickup hole 221 can be connected to each other.
  • the flow control member 70 is fixed on the casing, which can reduce the processing difficulty of the circuit board 30 .
  • the orthographic projection area of the blocking portion 71 toward the circuit board 30 is larger than the opening area of the sound transmission hole 31 , so that the blocking portion 71 covers the sound transmission hole 31 .
  • P3 is the airflow pressure
  • P0 1e-5Pa
  • dB3 is the maximum recording sound pressure value of the microphone
  • K3 is the stiffness of the elastic arm
  • S3 is the area of the blocking part
  • F3 is the pressure on the blocking part.
  • the stiffness of the elastic arm can be calculated by the above formula, and the calculation process is the same as in scenario 1.
  • other parts can be the same as in scenario 1 , so it will not be repeated in this scenario.
  • the sound receiving channel can be closed when the airflow pressure is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, and the sound receiving channel can be opened when the airflow pressure in the sound receiving channel is less than the preset threshold, so that It can not only ensure the normal pickup work of the microphone 50 in the case of normal conversation, but also close the sound collection channel when encountering high pressure or atmospheric air flow, thereby protecting the diaphragm 541 in the microphone 50 from breaking and failing.
  • the technical solution in scenario 1 is to arrange the flow control member 70 in the sound transmission hole
  • the technical solution in scenario 2 is to arrange the flow control member 70 in the sound transmission hole 31 close to the sound pickup hole 221.
  • the through-flow control member 70 can also be arranged in the sound pickup hole.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a An indirect connection through an intermediary may be an internal communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.

Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，可以包括：壳体以及设在壳体内的电路板，壳体上开设有贯穿壳体内外的拾音孔，电路板上开设有与拾音孔相通的传音孔，传音孔背向拾音孔的一侧设置有麦克风，麦克风具有与传音孔相对且连通的进声孔；至少拾音孔、传音孔和进声孔形成收音通道；收音通道内设有通流控制件，通流控制件用于在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭收音通道，以及用于在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通收音通道。通过设置通流控制件来控制收音通道的开启和闭合，这样既能保证麦克风正常使用状态下的收音效果，还能在大气流冲击和异物进入时，避免造成的麦克风振膜破裂失效的问题，进而延长设备的使用寿命。

Description

一种电子设备
本申请要求于2021年10月26日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111250782.0，申请名称为“一种电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉终端技术领域，特别涉及一种电子设备。
背景技术
微机电系统(Micro-Electro-Mechanical System，MEMS)麦克风是基于MEMS技术制造的声电换能器，其具有体积小、频响特性好、噪声低等特点，是移动终端(手机、平板电脑等)必不可少的器件之一。一般的，麦克风产品中包含基于电容检测的MEMS芯片和专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)芯片，MEMS芯片的电容会随着输入声音信号的不同产生相应的变化，再利用ASIC芯片对变化的电容信号进行处理和输出从而实现对声音的拾取。MEMS芯片通常包括具有背腔的基底、在基底上方设置的由背极板和振膜构成的平行板电容器，振膜接收外界的声音信号并发生振动，从而使平行板电容器产生一个变化的电信号，实现声电转换功能。
随着电子技术的发展，对麦克风的灵敏度要求越来越高，从而使得麦克风振膜的强度越来越接近极限，致使在振膜受到较大压力时，容易产生破裂。
然而，在手机使用过程中麦克风的振膜在受到较大的压力(如：大声压、大气流等)，或者进入异物时，会造成振膜破裂失效，从而大大缩短了设备的使用寿命。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，通过设置通流控制件，能够解决由于大气流冲击和异物进入，造成的麦克风振膜破裂失效的问题，进而延长设备的使用寿命。
本申请实施例提供一种发声器件，包括：壳体以及设在所述壳体内的电路板，所述壳体上开设有贯穿所述壳体内外的拾音孔，所述电路板上开设有与所述拾音孔相通的传音孔，所述传音孔背向所述拾音孔的一侧设置有麦克风，所述麦克风具有与所述传音孔相对且连通的进声孔。
至少所述拾音孔、所述传音孔和所述进声孔形成收音通道；所述收音通道内设有通流控制件，所述通流控制件用于在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭所述收音通道，以及用于在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通所述收音通道。
通过在收音通道内设置通流控制件，在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭收音通道，在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通收音通道，这样既能保证声音在正常通话情况下麦克风正常的拾音工作，又能在遇到大声压或大气流时， 将收音通道关闭，进而保护麦克风中的振膜不会破裂失效。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通流控制件包括：封堵部以及弹性臂。
所述弹性臂的第一端与所述封堵部相连，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述收音通道的内壁相连。在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述弹性臂发生形变且所述封堵部将所述收音通道封堵。在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述弹性臂复位且所述封堵部将所述收音通道部分封堵，以使所述收音通道开通。
通过将通流控制件设计成包括封堵部和弹性臂的结构，并且弹性臂具有弹性，在受到不同的压力时可以伸缩变形，这样在封堵部受到大声压或者大气压时，弹性臂伸长，以使封堵部实现对收音通道的封堵，以及在声压或气压恢复正常状态时，弹性臂收缩到原来的位置，进而将收音通道开通，保证麦克风的正常收音。需要说明的是，在正常工作状态中，封堵部承受的声压或气压较小，弹性臂处于不变形或者小变形的状态，以保证收音通道处于开通状态；另外，以上所述的通流控制件结构简单、方便安装且成本低。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述传音孔的内径大于所述进声孔的内径；所述封堵部位于所述传音孔中，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述传音孔的内壁相连，或者所述弹性臂的第二端夹持在所述电路板与所述麦克风之间；在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部将所述进声孔封堵。
通过将封堵部设置在传音孔中，弹性臂的第二端与传音孔的内壁相连，或者弹性臂的第二端夹持在电路板与麦克风之间。这样可以将通流控制件安装在电路板上，从而在SMT组装过程中，避免产线的气枪对麦克风的冲击，进而保护麦克风的振膜不会破裂失效，提高产品合格率。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述封堵部朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积大于所述进声孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述进声孔。
这样可以保证封堵部在受到大气流冲击时，可以完全覆盖麦克风的进声孔，从而保证大气流不会进入到麦克风，进而保护振膜不会破裂失效。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述传音孔包括上传音孔和下传音孔，所述上传音孔与所述下传音孔之间具有台阶部，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述台阶部相连；在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述进声孔处；在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述进声孔之间具有第一间隙，以使所述收音通道开通；或者，在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述上传音孔处；在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述上传音孔之间具有第二间隙，以使所述收音通道开通。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上传音孔的内径小于所述下传音孔的内径，以使所述上传音的内壁和所述下传音孔的内壁之间形成所述台阶部；所述封堵部的朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积小于所述上传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述进声孔；或者，所述封堵部的朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积大于所述上传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述上传音孔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述上传音孔的内径大于所述下传音孔的内径，以使 所述上传音的内壁和所述下传音孔的内壁之间形成所述台阶部。
通过将传音孔设计为包括上传音孔和下传音孔的结构，上传音孔与下传音孔之间具有台阶部，弹性臂的第二端与台阶部相连，这样不但给通流控制阀提供了安装位置，方便安装，而且可以将通流控制件隐形的安装在传音孔的内部，以免影响电路板上其它部件的安装，另外，将通流控制件隐形于传音孔内，还可保护通流控制件在整个设备组装过程中不被剐蹭。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述封堵部与所述进声孔之间的第一间隙为d1，所述封堵部与所述上传音孔之间的第二间隙为d2；其中，所述d1＝F1/K1，所述d2＝F2/K2，
所述F1＝P1×S1，所述F2＝P2×S2，其中，所述P1和所述P2根据如下公式获得：
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000002
其中，所述P1和所述P2为气流压强，所述P0＝1e-5Pa，所述dB1和所述dB2为麦克风的最大录音声压值，所述K1和所述K2为所述弹性臂的刚度，所述S1和所述S2为所述封堵部的面积，所述F1和所述F2为所述封堵部承受的压力。
通过上述公式可以计算出弹性臂的刚度，进而可以根据不同的安装位置选择不同材质的通流控制件，进而提高通流控制件的适用性和实用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述拾音孔靠近所述传音孔一端的内径大于所述传音孔的内径；所述封堵部设置在所述传音孔背向所述麦克风的一侧，且所述弹性臂的第二端与所述电路板背向所述麦克风的一面相连；或者，所述封堵部设置在所述拾音孔靠近所述传音孔的一端中，且所述弹性臂的第二端与所述拾音孔的内壁相连；在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述传音孔处；在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述传音孔之间具有第三间隙，以使所述收音通道开通。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述封堵部朝向所述电路板的正投影面积大于所述传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述传音孔。
通过将封堵部设置在传音孔背向麦克风的一侧，弹性臂的第二端与电路板背向麦克风的一面相连，可以给通流控制件的安装提供更大的安装位置，从而节省安装时间，提高生产率，有利于大规模生产。
通过将封堵部设置在拾音孔靠近传音孔的一端中，且弹性臂的第二端与拾音孔的内壁相连，可以将通流控制件固定在壳体上，这样相对于将通流控制件设置在电路板上而言，可以降低电路板的加工难度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述封堵部与所述传音孔之间的第三间隙为d3；其中，所述d3＝F3/K3，所述F3＝P3×S3其中，所述P3根据如下公式获得：
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000003
其中，所述P3为气流压强，所述P0＝1e-5Pa，所述dB3为麦克风的最大录音声压值，所述K3为所述弹性臂的刚度，所述S3为所述封堵部的面积，所述F3为所述封 堵部承受的压力。
通过上述公式可以计算出弹性臂的刚度，进而可以根据不同的安装位置选择不同材质的通流控制件，进而提高通流控制件的适用性和实用性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹性臂的数量为多个，多个所述弹性臂间隔设置在所述封堵部的外周边缘，且多个所述弹性臂的第一端均与所述封堵部的外周边缘相连。
通过在通流控制件上设置多个弹性臂，可以提高通流控制件的灵敏度，并且可以提高通流控制件的安装稳定性，确保在受到大气压冲击时，封堵部受力均匀，不会因受力不均出现偏移，进而不能完全将进声孔封堵，导致麦克风振膜破裂失效。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹性臂的数量为两个，两个所述弹性臂的第一端均与所述封堵部的外周边缘相连，且两个所述弹性臂相对设置，以使所述通流控制件呈对称结构。
通过在通流控制件上设置两个弹性臂，并使通流控制件呈对称结构，这样可以使通流控制件承受的压力更均衡，从而提高通流控制件的连接稳定性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述弹性臂为条状结构，或者，所述弹性臂为绕着所述封堵部的部分外周边缘设置的曲线结构。
通过将弹性臂设计为条状结构，可以简化通流控制件的结构，方便安装、成本低；通过将弹性臂设计为绕着封堵部的部分外周边缘设置的曲线结构，可以降低弹性臂的刚度，进而提高通流控制件的灵敏度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述封堵部为圆形片状结构。
通过将封堵部设计为圆形片状结构，不但结构简单，而且相对于内接圆直径等于所述圆形片状结构直径的多边形片状结构来说，圆形片状结构的所用的材料更少，从而降低成本。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述通流控制件的材质为0.1mm钢，或者，所述通流控制件的材质为PI、PET或PC。
需要说明的是，PI为聚酰亚胺，PET俗称涤纶树脂，PC为线型碳酸聚酯，上述几种材料均具有较好的热塑性，从而方便加工。
通过将通流控制件的材质设计为0.1mm钢，也可以降低成本，因为0.1mm钢较为常见，而且0.1mm钢具有一定的刚度和强度，可以满足通流控制件的要求。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述壳体至少包括中框，所述中框包括边框和金属中板，所述边框围设在所述金属中板的外周，所述电路板位于所述金属中板的一侧；
至少在所述边框上开设所述拾音孔。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述拾音孔的一端位于所述边框的外表面上，所述拾音孔的另一端位于所述金属中板上且与所述电路板上的所述传音孔相对，以使所述拾音孔、所述传音孔和所述进声孔形成所述收音通道。
通过在边框上开设拾音孔，可以保证收音通道与外界连通，从而保证声音信号进入到麦克风内。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述拾音孔的一端位于所述边框的外表面上，所述拾音孔的另一端位于所述边框的内表面上；且所述拾音孔与所述传音孔之间设置传音管， 所述传音管的两端分别与所述拾音孔和所述传音孔连通，所述拾音孔、所述传音孔、所述传音管和所述进声孔形成所述收音通道。
通过在拾音孔与传音孔之间设置传音管，可以将拾音孔和传音孔连通，进而将收音通道连通，从而保证声音信号能够进入到麦克风内。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的立体结构示意图；
图2为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的爆炸结构示意图；
图3为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的中框与麦克风的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风在中框上安装的结构示意图；
图5为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的又一立体结构示意图；
图6A为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风的剖面结构示意图；
图6B为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与中框和电路板的剖面结构示意图；
图7为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与中框和电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图8为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的剖面结构示意图；
图9为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图10A为图8中通流控制件安装在电路板上的仰视图；
图10B为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的通流控制件的主视图；
图11为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的通流控制件的另一仰视图；
图12为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的通流控制件安装在电路板上的另一仰视图；
图13为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图14为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图15为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图16为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图17为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与电路板的另一剖面结构示意图；
图18为本申请一实施例提供的电子设备的麦克风与中框和电路板的另一剖面结构示意图。
附图标记说明：
100-手机；10-显示屏；20-中框；21-右边框；22-底边框；221-拾音孔；
222-电源接口；223-出音孔；23-左边框；24-顶边框；25-金属中板；
30-电路板；31-传音孔；311-上传音孔；312-下传音孔；40-电池；
50-麦克风；51-外壳；52-基板；521-进声孔；53-ASIC芯片；54-麦克风芯片；
541-振膜；542-背极板；60-后盖；70-通流控制件；71-封堵部；
72，73，74，75-弹性臂；80-传音管。
具体实施方式
本申请的实施方式部分使用的术语仅用于对本申请的具体实施例进行解释，而非旨在限定本申请，下面将结合附图对本申请实施例的实施方式进行详细描述。
本申请实施例提供一种电子设备，包括但不限于为手机、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、超级移动个人计算机(ultra-mobile personal computer，UMPC)、手持计算机、对讲机、上网本、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、行车记录仪、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实设备、蓝牙音响/耳机、或车载前装等具有收音功能的移动或固定终端。
本申请实施例中，以手机100为上述电子设备为例进行说明，图1-图2分别示出了手机100的整体结构和拆分结构，参见图1和图2，手机100可以包括显示屏10和壳体，参见图2所示，壳体可以包括中框20和后盖60，在壳体的内部还设置有电路板30和电池40，中框20、电路板30和电池40可以设置在显示屏10与后盖60之间。其中，电路板30和电池40可以设置在中框20上，例如，电路板30与电池40设置在中框20朝向后盖60的一面上；或者电路板30与电池40可以设置在中框20朝向显示屏10的一面上。
本申请实施例中，电池40在中框20上设置时，例如，中框20朝向的后盖60的一面上可以设置电池仓，电池40安装在中框20上的电池仓内(如图2中的虚线框所示)。本申请实施例中，电池40可以通过电源管理模块与充电管理模块和电路板30相连，电源管理模块接收电池40和/或充电管理模块的输入，并为处理器、内部存储器、外部存储器、显示屏10、摄像头以及通信模块等供电。电源管理模块还可以用于监测电池40容量，电池40循环次数，电池40健康状态(漏电，阻抗)等参数。在其他一些实施例中，电源管理模块也可以设置于电路板30的处理器中。在另一些实施例中，电源管理模块和充电管理模块也可以设置于同一个器件中。
本申请实施例中，显示屏10可以为有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode，OLED)显示屏，也可以为液晶显示屏(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)。应当理解的是，显示屏10可以包括显示器和触控器件，显示器用于向用户输出显示内容，触控器件用于接收用户在显示屏10上输入的触摸事件。
本申请实施例中，后盖60可以为金属盖，也可以为玻璃盖，还可以为塑料盖，或者，还可以为陶瓷盖，本申请实施例中，对后盖60材质不作限定。
本申请实施例中，如图2所示，中框20可以包括金属中板25和边框，边框沿着金属中板25的外周设置一周，例如，边框可以包括相对设置顶边框24和底边框22，以及位于顶边框24和底边框22之间且相对设置的左边框23和右边框21。其中，各个边框与金属中板25之间的连接方式包括但不限于为焊接、卡接和一体注塑成型。
其中，金属中板25的材料可以为铝或铝合金，或者，金属中板25的材料可以为不锈钢材料。需要说明的是，金属中板25的材料包括但不限于为上述材料。
其中，各个边框(顶边框24、底边框22、左边框23和右边框21)可以为金属边 框，也可以为玻璃边框，还可以为塑胶边框或陶瓷边框。
需要说明的是，在其他一些示例中，手机100可以包括显示屏10和后盖，该后盖可以为图2中的后盖60和边框(即顶边框24、底边框22、左边框23和右边框21组成的边框)形成的一体成型(Unibody)后盖。电路板30和电池40位于显示屏10和该后盖围成的腔体中。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例示意的结构并不构成对手机100的具体限定。在本申请另一些实施例中，手机100可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者拆分某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。例如手机100还可以包括摄像头(例如前置摄像头和后置摄像头)和闪光灯等器件。下面以图2所示的手机结构为例，针对场景一和场景二，分别对手机的结构进行描述。
场景一
本申请实施例中，为了实现手机100的通话功能，如图2所示，手机100还可以包括：麦克风50，也即话筒。麦克风50用于将声音信号转换为电信号，当拨打电话或发送语音信息时，用户可以通过人嘴靠近麦克风50发声，将声音信号输入到麦克风50，进而实现语音通话。
图3和图4示出了中框、麦克风和电路板的装配示意图。参见图3所示，电路板30上开设有与拾音孔221(参见图5)相通的传音孔31，麦克风50可以设在电路板30朝向屏幕的一面上，并且麦克风50可以靠近底边框22开设拾音孔221的位置设置。装配后，如图4所示，麦克风50可以固定在电路板30上，并且麦克风50开设进声孔521(参见图6A)的一面朝向电路板30，并且进声孔521与电路板30上的传音孔31相连通。
其中，在本实施例中，手机100还可以包括扬声器，扬声器可以将音频电信号转换为声音信号，手机100可以通过发声器件播放音乐，或实现免提通话。本实施例中，如图5所示，手机100的底边框22上开设有拾音孔221，手机100的底边框22上还开设有与扬声器连通的出音孔223，这样扬声器产生的声音可以从出音孔223向外传递，实现外放功能。另外，在手机的底边框22上还开设有电源接口222，电源接口222可以为USB Type-C接口，或者Micro USB接口。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，麦克风50的数量至少为一个。在一些实施例中，手机100可以设置两个麦克风，其中一个为主麦克风，一个为副麦克风，主麦克风设置在手机100的下方，可以用于采集声音信号，副麦克风设置在手机100的上方，可以实现降噪功能。在另一些实施例中，手机100还可以设置三个、四个或更多麦克风，实现采集声音信号，降噪，还可以识别声音来源，实现定向录音功能等。
应当理解的是，出音孔223和电源接口222的开设位置包括但不限于为图5所示的底边框22位置，在一些其他示例中，出音孔223和电源接口222的位置可以根据实际需求进行调整。
其中，本申请实施例中，扬声器和麦克风50可以通过音频模块与电路板30上的处理器电性相连，这样扬声器、麦克风50、音频模块和处理器等实现音频功能，例如音乐播放、录音等。音频模块可以设置在处理器中，或者音频模块的部分功能设置于 处理器中，音频模块可以将数字音频信息转换成模拟音频信号输出，也用于将模拟音频输入转换为数字音频信号，还可以用于对音频信号编码和解码。
本申请实施例中，如图6A所示，以MESE麦克风50为手机100的麦克风50来进行说明，MESE麦克风50包括外壳51、基板52、MESE麦克风芯片54和ASIC芯片53，外壳51和线路板围成的空腔结构，MESE麦克风芯片54和ASIC芯片53均固定在基板52上，且均位于空腔结构内。MESE麦克风芯片54包括背极板542和振膜541，背极板542和振膜541平行设置，并构成平行板电容器。与平行板电容器相对的一端为开口结构，基板52上开设有进声孔521，进声孔521与MESE麦克风芯片54的开口结构相连通。MESE麦克风50工作时，声音信号从进声孔521进入到MESE麦克风芯片54内，然后振膜541接收到外界的声音信号并发生振动，从而使平行板电容器产生一个变化的电信号，实现声电转换功能。
作为解释说明，麦克风50的振膜541在受到大声压或大气流冲击时，容易产生破裂失效。
如图6B所示，手机100的底边框22上开设有贯穿壳体内外的拾音孔221，拾音孔221的一端可以位于底边框22的外表面上，拾音孔221的另一端可以位于金属中板25上且与电路板30上的传音孔31相对。传音孔31背向拾音孔221的一侧设置有麦克风50，麦克风50上具有与传音孔31相对且连通的进声孔521，这样拾音孔221、传音孔31和进声孔521可以形成收音通道(图6B中带箭头虚线进过的路径即为收音通道)，这样声音信号就可以从拾音孔221进入，经过收音通道进入麦克风50内，麦克风50将声音信号转换成电信号，进而实现语音通话功能。
如图6B所示，在收音通道内可以设置通流控制件70，通流控制件70用于在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭收音通道，以及用于收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通收音通道。图中带箭头的虚线表示气流的方向，带箭头的虚线经过的路径即为收音通道。
在一些实施例中，如图7所示，拾音孔221的一端可以位于底边框22的外表面上，拾音孔221的另一端位于底边框22的内表面上；且拾音孔221与传音孔31之间设置传音管80，传音管80的两端分别与拾音孔221和传音孔31连通，拾音孔221、传音孔31、传音管80和进声孔521形成收音通道。其中，传音管80可以为橡胶管或硅胶管。
通过在收音通道内设置通流控制件70，在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭收音通道，在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通收音通道，这样既能保证声音在正常通话情况下麦克风50正常的拾音工作，又能在遇到大声压或大气流时，将收音通道关闭，进而保护麦克风50中的振膜541不会破裂失效。
本申请实施例中，图8为收音通道处于开通状态时，麦克风和电路板的剖面结构示意图；图9为收音通道处于关闭状态时，麦克风和电路板的剖面结构示意图。如图8所示，通流控制件70可以位于传音孔31的内部，传音孔31的内径大于进声孔521的内径。通流控制件70包括：封堵部71以及围绕封堵部71向外延伸的两个弹性臂72，73，弹性臂72和弹性臂73相对设置在封堵部71的外侧，以使通流控制件70呈对称结构。弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71相连，弹性臂72的第二端722可以与 传音孔31的内壁相连。弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71相连，弹性臂73的第二端732可以与传音孔31的内壁相连。通流控制件70可以为直线型结构，通流控制件70设置于传音孔31中，即封堵部71位于传音孔31中。封堵部71的正投影面积大于进声孔521的面积，这样在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71将进声孔521封堵(参见图9)；在收音通道内气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与进声孔521之间具有第一间隙d1，以使收音通道开通。
结合图8和图10A所示，在收音通道内气流压强小于预设阈值时，传音孔31的侧壁和封堵部71的外边沿之间存在环形间隙，由于弹性臂72，73为条状结构，所以弹性臂72，73只能遮挡住环形间隙的一部分，另外，在封堵部71和进声孔521之间也存在第一间隙d1，因此声音信号可以通过弹性臂72，73覆盖之外的区域，从传音孔31的侧壁和封堵部71的外边沿之间环形间隙进入第一间隙d1，然后再进入进声孔521，进而进入到麦克风内。
需要说明的是，通流控制件设置成包括封堵部和弹性臂的结构，可以让通流控制件在传音孔内时，封堵部和传音孔内部之间存在间隙，从而保证声音信号能够从收音通道进入到麦克风内。
本申请实施例中，如图10A所示，封堵部71为圆形片状结构，两个弹性臂72，73为条状结构，且两个弹性臂72，73相对设置在封堵部71的两侧，如图10A所示，位于封堵部71左侧的为弹性臂73，位于封堵部71右侧的为弹性臂72。其中，弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂72的第二端722与传音孔31的内壁相连；弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂73的第二端732与传音孔31的内壁相连。两个弹性臂72，73和封堵部71在同一平面内，并且通流控制件70呈对称结构。
如图10B所示，两个弹性臂72，73所在平面与封堵部71所在平面呈一定夹角，位于封堵部71左侧的为弹性臂73，位于封堵部71右侧的为弹性臂72。其中，弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂72的第二端722可以与传音孔31的内壁相连；弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂73的第二端732可以与传音孔31的内壁相连。并且弹性臂72，73上设有弯折部，弯折部靠近弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732设置，其中，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732所在的平面可以与封堵部71所在的平面平行，并且通流控制件70呈对称结构。
需要说明的是，弹性臂所在平面与封堵部所在平面呈一定夹角，该夹角可以为零，也就是说，弹性臂可封堵部在同一平面内(如图8所示)。另外，弹性臂也可以设置成弯折形(如图10B所示)，也可以设置成其它形状，只要是能够方便安装在收音通道内即可。
本申请实施例中，通过将封堵部设置为圆形片状结构，将弹性臂设置为条状结构，这样不但可以简化通流控制件的结构，方便安装，而且可以相对于设置成内接圆直径与圆形片直降相同的多变形结构要节约材料，从而可以降低成本。
需要说明的是，弹性臂的数量包括但不限于两个，如图11所示，在一些实施例中弹性臂的数量可以为四个，并且四个弹性臂72，73，74，75均匀分布在封堵部71的 外侧，从而使该通流控制件70呈对称结构，这样在将通流控制件70安装在收音通道内时，可以提高通流控制件70的安装稳定性。另外，在一些实施例中，弹性臂的数量还可以为一个、三个、五个、六个等，具体数量可以根据弹性臂材料、结构以及长度进行计算，在此不再赘述。
在本申请实施例中，通过设置多个弹性臂，可以提高通流控制件的灵敏度，并且可以提高通流控制件的安装稳定性，确保在受到大气压冲击时，封堵部受力均匀，不会因受力不均出现偏移，进而不能完全将进声孔封堵，导致麦克风振膜破裂失效。
另外，在一些实施例中，如图12所示，弹性臂72，73为绕着封堵部71的部分外周边缘设置的曲线结构。通过将弹性臂72，73设置为绕着封堵部71的部分外周边缘设置的曲线结构，可以降低弹性臂72，73的刚度，进而提高通流控制件70的灵敏度。
需要说明的是，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732的位置包括但不限于设置在传音孔31的内壁上，在一些实施例中，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732也可以夹持在电路板30与麦克风50的基板52之间，或者弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732可以固定在电路板30上，或者固定在麦克风50的基板52上。因此，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732的安装位置具体可以根据安装难度具体确定，在此不做限定。
在本申请实施例中，封堵部71朝向麦克风50的正投影面积大于进声孔521的开孔面积，以使封堵部71覆盖住进声孔521。这样可以保证封堵部71在受到大气流冲击时，可以完全覆盖麦克风50的进声孔521，从而保证大气流不会进入到麦克风50，进而保护振膜541不会破裂失效。
本申请实施例中，如图13所示，电路板30上设置有传音孔31，传音孔31包括上传音孔311和下传音孔312，其中，上传音孔311靠近麦克风50设置，且上传音孔311的内径大于进声孔521的内径，上传音孔311的内径小于下传音孔312的内径，以使上传音孔311的内壁和下传音孔312的内壁之间形成台阶部，封堵部71的朝向麦克风50的正投影面积小于上传音孔311的开孔面积且大于进声孔521的开孔面积，以使封堵部71能够覆盖住进声孔521。通流控制件70包括：封堵部71以及围绕封堵部71向外延伸的弹性臂72，73，弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂72的第二端722与传音孔31的台阶部相连；弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂73的第二端732与传音孔31的台阶部相连。通流控制件70为直线型结构，这样在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71受压可以封堵在进声孔521处；在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与进声孔521之间具有第一间隙d1，以使收音通道开通。
需要说明的是，上传音孔311和下传音孔312的内径不构成本对本实施例保护范围的限制，其可以为图13中所示上传音孔311的内径小于下传音孔312的结构，也可以为图14中上传音孔311的内径大于下传音孔312内径的结构。
如图14所示，电路板30上设置有传音孔31，传音孔31包括上传音孔311和下传音孔312，其中，上传音孔311靠近麦克风50设置，且上传音孔311的内径大于进声孔521的内径，上传音孔311的内径大于下传音孔312内径，以使上传音孔311的内壁与下传音孔312的内壁之间形成台阶部。通流控制件70包括：封堵部71以及围 绕封堵部71向外延伸的弹性臂72，73，弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂72的第二端722与传音孔31的台阶部相连；弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂73的第二端732与传音孔31的台阶部相连。通流控制件70为直线型结构，这样在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71受压可以封堵在进声孔521处；在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与进声孔521之间具有第一间隙d1，以使收音通道开通。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的通流控制件70包括但不限于与图13中所示的直线型结构，在一些示例中，通流控制件70可以为图15中所示的折线型结构，只要是能够在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71受压可以封堵在进声孔521或者传音孔31处，且在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，收音通道开通即可。需要说明的是，在本实施例中，弹性臂具有弹性，受到不同的压力可以伸缩变形，这样在封堵部受到大声压或者大气压时，弹性臂伸长，以使封堵部实现对收音通道的封堵，在声压或气压恢复正常状态时，弹性臂收缩到原来的位置，进而将收音通道开通，保证麦克风的正常收音。需要说明的是，在正常工作状态中，封堵部承受的声压或气压较小，弹性臂处于不变形或者小变形的状态，以保证收音通道处于开通状态；另外，以上的通流控制件结构简单、方便安装且成本低。
下面具体介绍弹性臂强度的计算方式。
在本实施例中，封堵部71与进声孔521之间的第一间隙为d1，其中，d1＝F1/K1，F1＝P1×S1，其中，P1根据如下公式获得：
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000004
其中，P1为气流压强，P0＝1e-5Pa，dB1为麦克风的最大录音声压值，K1为弹性臂的刚度，S1为封堵部的面积，F1为封堵部承受的压力。
需要说明的是，最大录音声压值(Acoustic Overload Point，AOP)，指麦克风能够收录的最大声压值；目前主流麦克风的AOP值为145dB。
现将dB1＝145dB，P0＝1e-5Pa，带入公式中，可以得出，P1＝177Pa。也就是说，麦克风能够收录的气流压强最大是177Pa，超过177Pa的气流压强将不再被麦克风收录，即，在正常语音通话过程中，声音的气流压强一般不超过177Pa。
本实施例中，振膜的极限压强为0.1MPa，该值远大于麦克风可以收录的最大气流压强177Pa，因此在正常语音通话过程中，麦克风的振膜不会破裂失效。为了防止超过177Pa的气流进入到麦克风内，在收音通道内设置通流控制件，当气流压强超过177Pa时，通流控制件可以将收音通道封堵，进而保护麦克风。
本实施例中，根据上述说明可知，通流控制件70气流压强的预设阈值可以大于麦克风50能够收录的最大气流压强，这样就可以保证在正常通话过程中，通流控制件70不会影响麦克风50对声音信号的采集；并且通流控制件70气流压强的预设阈值可以小于振膜541能够承受的最大气流强度，这样在大的气流进入收音通道时，封堵部71将收音通道关闭，进而防止大气流进入麦克风50，防止保护麦克风50振膜541破裂失效。
本实施例中，通流控制件70气流压强的预设阈值可以为177Pa～0.1MPa中的任意 值，例如可以为：117Pa、200Pa、1000Pa、2000Pa、0.1MPa等。即，通流控制件70受到大气流压强大于或等于该预设阈值时，弹性臂发生形变，然后将收音通道封堵，当通流控制件70在承受的气流冲击小于该预设阈值时，收音通道处于开通状态。
下面以气流压强的预设阈值为1000Pa时，对弹性臂的强度计算进行说明，将P1＝1000Pa、d1、S1的值带入到d1＝F1/K1，F1＝P1×S1，中，由于d1和S1均为已知量，所以将数值带入公式后可以计算出弹性臂的强度K1。
需要说明的是，弹性臂的刚度还和弹性臂的数量和长度有关。因此根据弹性臂的强度值就可以确定弹性臂的材料、数量、形状、长度、厚度以及宽度等。
通过上述公式可以计算出弹性臂的刚度，进而可以根据不同的安装位置选择不同材质的通流控制件70，进而提高通流控制件70的适用性和实用性。
本申请实施例中，通流控制件70的材质可以为0.1mm钢。0.1mm钢较为常见，而且具有一定的刚度和强度，可以满足通流控制件70的要求，并且0.1mm钢价格低，从而可以降低成本。
需要说明的是，在一些实施例中，通流控制件的封堵部和弹性臂的材料可以相同，例如：封堵部和弹性臂均为0.1mm钢。在这种情形下，封堵部的厚度可以比弹性臂的厚度大。在另外一些实施例中，通流控制件的封堵部和弹性臂的材料也可以不同，例如：封堵部可以为0.1mm钢，弹性臂可以为其它材料，例如可以为铜或者铝等。因此，封堵部和弹性臂的材料不构成对本申请技术方案保护范围的限制，只要是设置通流控制件的技术方案，并且弹性臂的强度符合上述要求即属于本申请技术方案的保护范围。
需要说明的是，通流控制件70的材质包括但不限于0.1mm钢，其还可以为其他金属材质，例如：铜、铝等。另外，在一些实施例中，通流控制件70的材质还可以为非金属材质，包括但不限于PI、PET或PC，其中，PI为聚酰亚胺，PET俗称涤纶树脂，PC为线型碳酸聚酯，上述几种材料均具有较好的热塑性，从而方便加工。
本申请实施例中，通流控制件70与电路板30之间的连接方式包括但不限于：焊接、铆接、粘接、表贴、电磁吸合、卡接、扣合或紧固件连接。
需要说明的是，通流控制件可以为一体式结构，也可以为分体式结构。当通流控制件为分体式结构时，封堵部与弹性臂之间的连接方式包括但不限于：焊接、铆接、粘接、表贴、电磁吸合、卡接、扣合或紧固件连接。
以上示例均为通流控制件70的封堵部71在承受声压或气压时，将进声孔封堵的示例，下面介绍通流控制件70的封堵部71在承受声压或气压时，将传音孔封堵的示例。通过将传音孔封堵，也实现了对进声孔的封堵。在一些实施例中，如图15所示，电路板30上设置有传音孔31，传音孔31包括上传音孔311和下传音孔312，其中，上传音孔311靠近麦克风50设置，上传音孔311的内径大于进声孔521的内径，上传音孔311的内径小于下传音孔312的内径，以使上传音孔311的内壁与下传音孔312的内壁之间形成台阶部，封堵部71的朝向麦克风50的正投影面积大于上传音孔311的开孔面积，以使封堵部71覆盖住上传音孔311。通流控制件70包括：封堵部71以及围绕封堵部71向外延伸的弹性臂72，两个弹性臂72，73间隔设置在封堵部71的外侧。弹性臂72的第一端721与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹性臂72的第二端722与传音孔31的台阶部相连；弹性臂73的第一端731与封堵部71的外周边缘相连，弹 性臂73的第二端732与传音孔31的台阶部相连。通流控制件70为折线型结构，即弹性臂72，73与封堵部71呈夹角设置，并且，封堵部71的正投影面积大于上传音孔311的内径，这样在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71封堵在上传音孔311处，其中，封堵部71封堵上传音孔311的同时进声孔521也被封堵，收音通道完全关闭；在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与上传音孔311之间具有第二间隙d2，以使收音通道开通。
下面具体介绍弹性臂强度的计算方式。
在本实施例中，封堵部71与上传音孔311之间的第二间隙为d2；其中d2＝F2/K2，F2＝P2×S2，其中，P2根据如下公式获得：
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000005
其中，P2为气流压强，P0＝1e-5Pa，dB2为麦克风的最大录音声压值，K2为弹性臂的刚度，S2为封堵部的面积，F2为封堵部承受的压力。
需要说明的是，最大录音声压值(Acoustic Overload Point，AOP)，指麦克风能够收录的最大声压值；目前主流麦克风的AOP值为145dB。
现将dB1＝145dB，P0＝1e-5Pa，带入公式中，可以得出，P1＝177Pa。也就是说，麦克风能够收录的气流压强最大是177Pa，超过177Pa的气流压强将不再被麦克风收录，即，在正常语音通话过程中，声音的气流压强一般不超过177Pa。
本实施例中，振膜的极限压强为0.1MPa，该值远大于麦克风可以收录的最大气流压强177Pa，因此在正常语音通话过程中，麦克风的振膜不会破裂失效。为了防止超过177Pa的气流进入到麦克风内，在收音通道内设置通流控制件，当气流压强超过177Pa时，通流控制件可以将收音通道封堵，进而保护麦克风。
本实施例中，通流控制件70气流压强的预设阈值可以为177Pa～0.1MPa中的任意值，例如可以为：117Pa、200Pa、1000Pa、2000Pa、0.1MPa等。即，通流控制件70受到大气流压强大于或等于该预设阈值时，弹性臂发生形变，然后将收音通道封堵，当通流控制件70在承受的气流冲击小于该预设阈值时，收音通道处于开通状态。
下面以气流压强的预设阈值为1000Pa时，对弹性臂的强度计算进行说明，将P2＝1000Pa、d2、S2的值带入到d2＝F2/K2，F2＝P2×S2，中，由于d2和S2均为已知量，所以将数值带入公式后可以计算出弹性臂的强度K2。
对于本实施例中弹性臂的材料和形状的选择与上述图13和图14中的实施例相同，再此不在赘述。
需要说明的是，上传音孔311的内径可以大于进声孔521也可以小于进声孔521，当上传音孔311的内径小于进声孔521内径时，通流控制件70可以为折线型结构，其中，封堵部71的正投影面积大于上传音孔311的内径，这样可以利用封堵部71将上传音孔311封堵，进而封堵进声孔521，保护麦克风50的振膜541；当上传音孔311的内径大于进声孔521内径时，通流控制件70可以为直线型，其中，封堵部71的正投影面积大于进声孔521的内径，这样可以利用封堵部71将进声孔521封堵，保护麦克风50的振膜541；另外，当上传音孔311的内径大于进声孔521内径时，通流控制件70也可以为折线型，其中，封堵部71的正投影面积大于上传音孔311的内径，这 样可以利用封堵部71将上传音孔311封堵，保护麦克风50的振膜541。
在一些实施例中，通流控制件还可以为其它形状，只要是利用封堵部将收音通道封堵的技术方案均属于本申请的保护范围，在此不再赘述。
通过传音孔31包括上传音孔311和下传音孔312，上传音孔311与下传音孔312之间具有台阶部，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732与台阶部相连，这样不但给通流控制件70提供了安装位置，方便安装，而且可以将通流控制件70隐形的安装在传音孔31的内部，以免影响电路板30上其它部件的安装，另外，将通流控制件70隐形于传音孔31内，还可保护通流控制件70在整个设备组装过程中不被剐蹭。
需要说明的是，通流控制件70的位置包括但不限于传音孔31内，在一些实施例中，通流控制件70可以设置在进声孔521内；在一些实施例中，通流控制件70可以设置在拾音孔221内；在一些实施例中，通流控制件70还可以设置在传音管80内。
本实施例中，以极限强度为0.1MPa的振膜为例进行说明。当振膜受到大于0.1MPa的气流冲击时会破裂失效。而在SMT组装过程中，产线会用气枪对电路板上的异物、杂物和残留进行清理。其中，气枪的气流压强一般不小于0.3MPa，如果直接用气枪的气流直接吹进麦克风，则会导致麦克风的振膜破裂失效。作为解释说明，SMT(Surface Mount Technology，表面组装技术)是一种将无引脚或短引线表面组装元器件(简称SMC/SMD，中文称片状元器件)安装在印制电路板(Printed Circuit Board，PCB)的表面或其它基板的表面上，通过回流焊或浸焊等方法加以焊接组装的电路装连技术，SMT是目前电子组装行业里最流行的一种技术和工艺。并且在SMT组装过程中，产线会用气枪对电路板上的异物、杂物和残留进行清理，一般气枪的气流压强一般不小于0.3MPa。
本实施例中，通过将封堵部设置在传音孔中，弹性臂的第二端与传音孔的内壁相连，或者弹性臂的第二端夹持在电路板与麦克风之间，这样可以将通流控制件安装在电路板上，这样就可以避免产线的气枪对麦克风的直接冲击，进而保护麦克风的振膜不会破裂失效，提高产品合格率。
场景二
本申请实施例中，图6中通流控制件70设置的位置与图16中通流控制件70设置的位置相同。参见图6所示，底边框22上开设有贯穿壳体内外的拾音孔221，拾音孔221的一端可以位于底边框22的外表面上，拾音孔221的另一端可以位于金属中板25上且与电路板30上的传音孔31相对，以使拾音孔221、传音孔31和进声孔521形成收音通道。
如图16所示，拾音孔221靠近传音孔31一端的内径大于传音孔31的内径；封堵部71设置在传音孔31背向麦克风50的一侧，且弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732与电路板30背向麦克风50的一面相连。在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与传音孔31之间具有第三间隙d3，收音通道处于开通状态；在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71封堵在传音孔31处，收音通道处于关闭状态(参见图17)。
通过封堵部71设置在传音孔31背向麦克风50的一侧，弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732与电路板30背向麦克风50的一面相连，这样就可以避免产线的气枪对麦克风50的直接冲击，进而保护麦克风50的振膜541不会破裂失效，提高产品合格率；另外，还可以给通流控制件70的安装提供更大的安装位置，从而节省安装时间，提高生产率，有利于大规模生产。
在一些实施例中，封堵部71可以设置在拾音孔221靠近传音孔31的一端中(如图18所示)，且弹性臂的第二端与拾音孔221的内壁相连；在收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，封堵部71封堵在传音孔31处；在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，封堵部71与传音孔31之间具有第三间隙d3，以使收音通道开通。
通过封堵部71设置在拾音孔221靠近传音孔31的一端中，且弹性臂72的第二端722和弹性臂73的第二端732与拾音孔221的内壁相连，可以将通流控制件70固定在壳体上，这样可以降低电路板30的加工难度。
需要说明的是，在上述实施例中，封堵部71朝向电路板30的正投影面积大于传音孔31的开孔面积，以使封堵部71覆盖住传音孔31。
本申请实施例中，封堵部71与传音孔31之间的第三间隙为d3；其中，d3＝F3/K3，F3＝P3×S3其中，P3根据如下公式获得：
Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-000006
其中，P3为气流压强，P0＝1e-5Pa，dB3为麦克风的最大录音声压值，K3为弹性臂的刚度，S3为封堵部的面积，F3为封堵部承受的压力。通过上述公式可以计算出弹性臂的刚度，计算过程与场景一中相同，另外，需要说明的是本场景中除通流控制件的设置位置与场景一不同外，其它部分均可与场景一相同，因此，在本场景中不再赘述。
本申请实施例中，通过在收音通道内设置通流控制件70，可以在气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭收音通道，在收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通收音通道，这样既能保证声音在正常通话情况下麦克风50正常的拾音工作，又能在遇到大声压或大气流时，将收音通道关闭，进而保护麦克风50中的振膜541不会破裂失效。
需要说明的是，场景一中的技术方案是将通流控制件70设置在传音孔内，场景二中的技术方案是将通流控制件70设置在传音孔31靠近拾音孔221的一侧，另外，在一些场景中，还可以将通流控制件70设置在拾音孔内。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应作广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或者两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
本申请实施例的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”、“第四”等(如果存在)是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本申请实施例的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本申请实施例进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术 人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请实施例各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (19)

  1. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括：壳体以及设在所述壳体内的电路板，所述壳体上开设有贯穿所述壳体内外的拾音孔，所述电路板上开设有与所述拾音孔相通的传音孔，所述传音孔背向所述拾音孔的一侧设置有麦克风，所述麦克风具有与所述传音孔相对且连通的进声孔；
    至少所述拾音孔、所述传音孔和所述进声孔形成收音通道；
    所述收音通道内设有通流控制件，所述通流控制件用于在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时关闭所述收音通道，以及用于在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时开通所述收音通道。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述通流控制件包括：封堵部以及弹性臂；
    所述弹性臂的第一端与所述封堵部相连，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述收音通道的内壁相连；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述弹性臂发生形变且所述封堵部将所述收音通道完全封堵；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述弹性臂复位且所述封堵部将所述收音通道部分封堵，以使所述收音通道开通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述传音孔的内径大于所述进声孔的内径；
    所述封堵部位于所述传音孔中，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述传音孔的内壁相连，或者所述弹性臂的第二端夹持在所述电路板与所述麦克风之间；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部将所述进声孔封堵。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述封堵部朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积大于所述进声孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述进声孔。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述传音孔包括上传音孔和下传音孔，所述上传音孔与所述下传音孔之间具有台阶部，所述弹性臂的第二端与所述台阶部相连；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述进声孔处；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述进声孔之间具有第一间隙，以使所述收音通道开通；
    或者，在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述上传音孔处；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述上传音孔之间具有第二间隙，以使所述收音通道开通。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述上传音孔的内径小于所述下传音孔的内径，以使所述上传音的内壁和所述下传音孔的内壁之间形成所述台阶部；
    所述封堵部的朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积小于所述上传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述进声孔；
    或者，所述封堵部的朝向所述麦克风的正投影面积大于所述上传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述上传音孔。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述上传音孔的内径大于所述下传音孔的内径，以使所述上传音的内壁和所述下传音孔的内壁之间形成所述台阶部。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述封堵部与所述进声孔之间的第一间隙为d1，所述封堵部与所述上传音孔之间的第二间隙为d2；
    其中，所述d1＝F1/K1，所述d2＝F2/K2，
    所述F1＝P1×S1，所述F2＝P2×S2，其中，所述P1和所述P2根据如下公式获得：
    Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-100001
    Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-100002
    其中，所述P1和所述P2为气流压强，所述P0＝1e-5Pa，所述dB1和所述dB2为麦克风的最大录音声压值，所述K1和所述K2为所述弹性臂的刚度，所述S1和所述S2为所述封堵部的面积，所述F1和所述F2为所述封堵部承受的压力。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述拾音孔靠近所述传音孔一端的内径大于所述传音孔的内径；
    所述封堵部设置在所述传音孔背向所述麦克风的一侧，且所述弹性臂的第二端与所述电路板背向所述麦克风的一面相连；或者，所述封堵部设置在所述拾音孔靠近所述传音孔的一端中，且所述弹性臂的第二端与所述拾音孔的内壁相连；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强大于或等于预设阈值时，所述封堵部封堵在所述传音孔处；
    在所述收音通道内的气流压强小于预设阈值时，所述封堵部与所述传音孔之间具有第三间隙，以使所述收音通道开通。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述封堵部朝向所述电路板的正投影面积大于所述传音孔的开孔面积，以使所述封堵部覆盖住所述传音孔。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述封堵部与所述传音孔之间的第三间隙为d3；
    其中，所述d3＝F3/K3，
    所述F3＝P3×S3其中，所述P3根据如下公式获得：
    Figure PCTCN2022119454-appb-100003
    其中，所述P3为气流压强，所述P0＝1e-5Pa，所述dB3为麦克风的最大录音声压值，所述K3为所述弹性臂的刚度，所述S3为所述封堵部的面积，所述F3为所述封堵部承受的压力。
  12. 根据权利要求2-4或9-11任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述弹性臂 的数量为多个，多个所述弹性臂间隔设置在所述封堵部的外周边缘，且多个所述弹性臂的第一端均与所述封堵部的外周边缘相连。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述弹性臂的数量为两个，两个所述弹性臂的第一端均与所述封堵部的外周边缘相连，且两个所述弹性臂相对设置，以使所述通流控制件呈对称结构。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述弹性臂为直条状结构，或者，所述弹性臂为绕着所述封堵部的部分外周边缘设置的曲线结构。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述封堵部为圆形片状结构。
  16. 根据权利要求13-15任一项所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述通流控制件的材质为0.1mm钢，或者，所述通流控制件的材质为PI、PET或PC。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述壳体至少包括中框，所述中框包括边框和金属中板，所述边框围设在所述金属中板的外周，所述电路板位于所述金属中板的一侧；
    至少在所述边框上开设所述拾音孔。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述拾音孔的一端位于所述边框的外表面上，所述拾音孔的另一端位于所述金属中板上且与所述电路板上的所述传音孔相对，以使所述拾音孔、所述传音孔和所述进声孔形成所述收音通道。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述拾音孔的一端位于所述边框的外表面上，所述拾音孔的另一端位于所述边框的内表面上；
    且所述拾音孔与所述传音孔之间设置传音管，所述传音管的两端分别与所述拾音孔和所述传音孔连通，所述拾音孔、所述传音孔、所述传音管和所述进声孔形成所述收音通道。
PCT/CN2022/119454 2021-10-26 2022-09-16 一种电子设备 WO2023071600A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111250782.0A CN115022787A (zh) 2021-10-26 2021-10-26 一种电子设备
CN202111250782.0 2021-10-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023071600A1 true WO2023071600A1 (zh) 2023-05-04
WO2023071600A9 WO2023071600A9 (zh) 2023-06-22

Family

ID=83065171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/119454 WO2023071600A1 (zh) 2021-10-26 2022-09-16 一种电子设备

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115022787A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023071600A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115022787A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2022-09-06 荣耀终端有限公司 一种电子设备

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010136170A (ja) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-17 Audio Technica Corp 無指向性コンデンサマイクロホンユニットおよび無指向性コンデンサマイクロホン
CN107613443A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-01-19 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种硅麦克风及移动终端
US20180167723A1 (en) * 2016-12-10 2018-06-14 Aac Acoustic Technologies (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Microphone
CN109889967A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-14 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 麦克风和智能语音设备
CN115022787A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2022-09-06 荣耀终端有限公司 一种电子设备

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8953833B2 (en) * 2012-09-07 2015-02-10 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for controlling airflow into an electronic device
US9408009B1 (en) * 2015-10-30 2016-08-02 Pebble Technology, Corp. Combined microphone seal and air pressure relief valve that maintains a water tight seal

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010136170A (ja) * 2008-12-05 2010-06-17 Audio Technica Corp 無指向性コンデンサマイクロホンユニットおよび無指向性コンデンサマイクロホン
US20180167723A1 (en) * 2016-12-10 2018-06-14 Aac Acoustic Technologies (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Microphone
CN107613443A (zh) * 2017-10-30 2018-01-19 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种硅麦克风及移动终端
CN109889967A (zh) * 2019-03-28 2019-06-14 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 麦克风和智能语音设备
CN115022787A (zh) * 2021-10-26 2022-09-06 荣耀终端有限公司 一种电子设备

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023071600A9 (zh) 2023-06-22
CN115022787A (zh) 2022-09-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN1812665B (zh) 平板扬声器安装方法、带密封垫部件的振动板以及平板扬声器
US9237389B2 (en) Audio port configuration for compact electronic devices
US9049505B2 (en) Electronic device with loudspeaker
EP1892998A2 (en) Piezoelectric electroacoustic transducing device
US10057670B2 (en) Apparatus and method for providing an apparatus comprising an audio transducer
EP2632171B1 (en) Loudspeaker housing and mobile terminal device
CN108574919B (zh) 一种移动终端
CN205584479U (zh) 扬声器模组
WO2021190209A1 (zh) 电子设备
CN113055794B (zh) 扬声器内核、扬声器模组和电子设备
WO2023071600A1 (zh) 一种电子设备
CN101594401B (zh) 具有受话器的电子装置
EP2876896B1 (en) Audio transducer with electrostatic discharge protection
US20100296690A1 (en) Electro-acoustic transducer
US8301188B2 (en) Electronic devices including substrate mounted acoustic actuators and related methods and mobile radiotelephones
EP2356822A1 (en) Electronic devices including substrate mounted acoustic actuators and related methods and mobile radiotelephones
CN202799144U (zh) Mems麦克风
EP3518554B1 (en) External speaker assembly and audio device
WO2020133177A1 (zh) 扬声器组件、便携式电子设备及扬声器组件的组装方法
CN101827296A (zh) 压电陶瓷扬声器
CN213186461U (zh) 一种耳机的内置麦克风结构
CN201204675Y (zh) Fpc连接式电声换能器
US11046576B1 (en) Pressure relief device for microphone protection in an electronic device and corresponding methods
CN214507136U (zh) 电子设备
CN203675271U (zh) 用于手机、平板电脑上的双晶压电陶瓷受话器

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22885487

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1