WO2023066262A1 - 通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

通信方法及装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023066262A1
WO2023066262A1 PCT/CN2022/125999 CN2022125999W WO2023066262A1 WO 2023066262 A1 WO2023066262 A1 WO 2023066262A1 CN 2022125999 W CN2022125999 W CN 2022125999W WO 2023066262 A1 WO2023066262 A1 WO 2023066262A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
information
service flow
service
application
data packets
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/125999
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
潘奇
黄正磊
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Publication of WO2023066262A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023066262A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/40—Support for services or applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/20—Services signaling; Auxiliary data signalling, i.e. transmitting data via a non-traffic channel

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the media streaming service is often provided by an application service provider (ASP), while the data transmission service is provided by a mobile network operator (MNO).
  • ASP application service provider
  • MNO mobile network operator
  • the MNO receives the data of the media streaming service from the ASP, forwards it to the terminal equipment, and then the terminal equipment plays it.
  • the MNO only adjusts the data transmission strategy according to its own needs such as network load and channel quality, and does not consider the transmission requirements of different data in the media service flow, resulting in the transmission bandwidth of some data being too small and the transmission delay being too large. problem, it cannot support real-time high-definition playback of media streaming services, resulting in poor user experience.
  • Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device, which can solve the problem that real-time high-definition playback of service streams cannot be supported due to failure to consider transmission requirements of different data in service streams, and can improve user experience.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to an application function network element.
  • the method includes: acquiring first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the application function network element can indicate the source end device of the service flow, such as a terminal device or an application server, according to the first information, so as to provide different types of data in the service flow
  • Add identification information so that network elements on the transmission path of the service flow can identify different types of data, and provide different network transmission strategies for different types of data, thereby providing differentiated data for different types of data in the service flow Transmission service to ensure the overall playback effect of the service flow, such as realizing real-time high-definition playback of the service flow in scenarios such as sufficient network resources and good channel quality, and ensuring the service in scenarios such as limited network resources and poor channel quality Real-time and smooth playback of streams, thereby improving user experience.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: independent decoding frame (intra-coded frame, referred to as I frame), forward decoding frame frame (predicted frame, referred to as P frame), or two-way Decoding frame (bio-directionally predicted frame, referred to as B frame).
  • the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: retransmission packets and non-retransmission packets. Different types of data have different requirements for network transmission, and the specific types include but are not limited to the above.
  • the second information includes identification information, and one identification information is used to identify a data type of a type of data packet.
  • the identification information of the foreground flow may be identification 1
  • the identification information of the background flow may be identification 2.
  • the identification information may also indicate the location where the specific identification is added, for example, the foreground flow identification 1 needs to be added to the IP header field or the UDP/TCP header field.
  • the application function network element may obtain the first information in real time from the application service provider, or may read it from a local storage space of the application function network element.
  • the first information stored locally by the application function network element may be pre-stored through the input and output interface, or may be received and stored in advance through the interface between the application function network element and the application service provider.
  • the manner of obtaining the first information is not specifically limited.
  • the content of the second information may be the same as or different from that of the first information.
  • the application service provider has allocated corresponding identification information for different types of data in the service flow, and the application function network element only needs to assign the identification information specified by the application service provider to , and send it to the source device of the service flow, such as a terminal device or an application server.
  • the application service provider only notifies the application function network element: which types of data in which services need to add identification information or which types of data of this service need to be added Identification information, and the specific value and/or bearer location of the identification information that needs to be added to various types of data in this service can be allocated by the application function network element itself.
  • the first information acquired by the application function network element includes the service identifier of the service corresponding to the service flow, and the type information of each type of data in the service flow, and the application function network element can determine each The specific value of the identification information that needs to be added for each type of data, and the bearing location of the identification information.
  • the method described in the first aspect further includes: determining the second information according to the first information.
  • the first information may be provided by an application service provider.
  • the content of the second information may be assigned by the application function network element according to the first information, so as to give the application function network element the degree of freedom and flexibility in the process of determining to add identification information to various types of data in the service flow It can avoid the problem that multiple types of data in different service flows correspond to the same identification information when different application service providers determine the content of the second information, and can effectively avoid identification information conflicts, thereby providing service flow Different types of data in provide differentiated data transmission strategies to ensure the service quality of business flows.
  • the application function network element assigns identification information to various types of data in the service flow, it can report the assigned identification information and address information of the application server to the application service provider, and the address information is used by the application service provider to send The application server injects the service flow content, and the identification information is used by the application service provider to adjust the data volume injected into the application server.
  • the application function network element may also send the second information to a source device, such as an application server or a terminal device.
  • a source device such as an application server or a terminal device.
  • the aforementioned sending of the second information includes one or more of the following: sending the second information to the application server; or sending the second information to the terminal device.
  • the application server is the source device, and the terminal device is the sink device; for the uplink service flow, the terminal device is the source device, and the application server is the sink device.
  • the application function network element can provide policy control network elements in the core network based on the data transmission rate, transmission delay, bit error rate, data transmission cycle, data volume, etc., such as the policy control function (policy control function, PCF)
  • policy control function policy control function, PCF
  • the network element initiates a policy adjustment request, and the policy adjustment request can send the second information including identification information to the policy control network element to adjust the transmission strategy of various types of data in the service flow, such as increasing/decreasing transmission resources, Increase/decrease transmission delay, etc.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to a first device.
  • the method includes: receiving second information from an application function network element.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow
  • the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow
  • the type of packet in . Add identification information to data packets in business flows.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the first device includes a terminal device.
  • the method described in the second aspect further includes: sending the network requirement information to the application function network element.
  • the network demand information is used to determine the network transmission capability required by the first type of data packets in the service flow, and the network transmission capability includes one or more of the following: transmission bandwidth and transmission delay.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to an application service provider.
  • the method includes: determining first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the first information is used to determine the second information
  • the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: retransmission packets and non-retransmission packets. Different types of data have different requirements for network transmission, and the specific types include but are not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to a first application service system, and the first application service system includes an application service provider and an application function network element.
  • the method includes: the application service provider sends the first information to the application function network element, and the application function network element receives the first information from the application service provider.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the application function network element sends the second information.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • a communication method is provided, which is applied to a second application service system, and the second application service system includes an application function network element and an application server.
  • the method includes: the application function network element sends the second information to the application server, and the application server receives the second information from the application function network element.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow, the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow The type of packet in .
  • the application server adds identification information to the data packets in the business flow.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method is applied to an application function network element, and includes: receiving third information from an application service provider.
  • the third information is used to indicate traffic characteristics of statistical service flows.
  • the fourth information is determined according to the third information, and the fourth information includes one or more of the following: service identification, data amount, data transmission rate, data transmission period, bit error rate, transmission delay, or reporting cycle.
  • the application function network element can instruct any device on the transmission path of the service flow, such as source device, sink device, or intermediate device, to report statistics to the application service provider according to the third information
  • the traffic characteristics of the provided business flow can be sent to the policy control network element in the mobile operator network, so that the policy control network element can dynamically adjust the data transmission strategy of the service flow based on the traffic characteristics, such as according to the traffic characteristics of the service flow
  • the periodic feature performs periodic pre-scheduling processing to ensure high-speed real-time transmission of business flows, thereby improving the service quality of business flows.
  • the method provided in the sixth aspect further includes: receiving the statistical result of the traffic characteristic of the service flow, and sending the statistical result of the traffic characteristic to the policy control network element.
  • the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is determined according to the fourth information, and the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is used to adjust the data transmission policy of the service flow.
  • the statistical results of traffic characteristics can be statistically reported by one or more of the following devices: source device, sink device, or intermediate device of the service flow, and can include one or more of the following: data transmission rate, transmission delay, Bit error rate, data transmission cycle, data size, etc.
  • the second device may include one or more of the following: an application server, or a terminal device.
  • the second device may be a source device or a sink device.
  • the application server is the source device
  • the terminal device is the sink device
  • the application server is the sink device.
  • a communication device includes: an acquiring module and a sending module.
  • the obtaining module is used to obtain the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • a sending module configured to send the second information.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the device described in the seventh aspect further includes: a determining module.
  • the determining module is configured to determine the second information according to the first information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: retransmission packets and non-retransmission packets. Different types of data have different requirements for network transmission, and the specific types include but are not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the sending module is further configured to perform one or more of the following: sending the second information to the application server; or sending the second information to the terminal device.
  • the above acquisition module may include a receiving function and an analyzing function.
  • the receiving function can also be set as a module, such as a receiving module.
  • the receiving module and the sending module may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the transceiver function.
  • parsing function may also be integrated with other processing functions into a module, such as a processing module, which is used to realize other functions except the sending and receiving function.
  • the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device is made to execute the communication method described in the first aspect.
  • the communication device described in the seventh aspect may be a network device, such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or may include the network
  • a network device such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or may include the network
  • the device of the device is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device includes: a receiving module and a processing module.
  • the receiving module is configured to receive the second information from the application function network element.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow
  • the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow
  • the processing module is used to add identification information to the data packets in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: I frame, P frame or B frame.
  • the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: retransmission packets and non-retransmission packets.
  • Different types of data have different requirements for network transmission, and the specific types include but are not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the communication device provided in the eighth aspect may be a terminal device, and the device may further include a sending module.
  • the sending module is used for sending the network demand information to the application function network element.
  • the network demand information is used to determine the network transmission capability required by the first type of data packets in the service flow, and the network transmission capability includes one or more of the following: transmission bandwidth, or transmission delay.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a receiving module, where the receiving module is configured to implement a receiving function.
  • the receiving module and the sending module can also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module.
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the transceiver function.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device is made to execute the communication method described in the second aspect.
  • the communication device described in the eighth aspect may be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be installed in the terminal device or network device, or may include the terminal Devices or network devices are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device includes: a determining module and a sending module.
  • the determining module is configured to determine the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • a sending module configured to send the first information to the application function network element.
  • the first information is used to determine the second information
  • the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: retransmission packets and non-retransmission packets. Different types of data have different requirements for network transmission, and the specific types include but are not limited to the above-mentioned ones.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect may further include a receiving module, where the receiving module is configured to implement a receiving function.
  • the receiving module and the sending module can also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module, which is used to implement the transceiver function.
  • the above determination module and other modules with processing functions may also be integrated into one module, such as a processing module, which may be used to implement functions other than the sending and receiving functions.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device is made to execute the communication method described in the third aspect.
  • the communication device described in the ninth aspect may be a network device, such as an application service provider, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or may include the network
  • the device of the device is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • an application service system includes: an application service provider and an application function network element.
  • the application service provider is configured to send the first information to the application function network element.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the application function network element is configured to receive the first information from the application service provider and send the second information.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • an application service system includes: an application function network element and an application server.
  • the application function network element is configured to send the second information to the application server.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow, the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow The type of packet in .
  • the application server is configured to receive the second information from the application function network element, and add identification information to the data packets in the service flow.
  • a communication device in a twelfth aspect, includes: a receiving module and a sending module.
  • the receiving module is used to receive the third information from the application service provider.
  • the third information is used to indicate traffic characteristics of statistical service flows.
  • a sending module configured to send fourth information.
  • the fourth information is determined according to the third information, and the fourth information includes one or more of the following: service identification, data volume, data transmission rate, bit error rate, transmission delay, data transmission period or reporting cycle.
  • the receiving module is also configured to receive traffic characteristic statistics results of service flows. Wherein, the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is determined according to the fourth information. Send traffic characteristic statistics results to the policy control network element. Wherein, the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is used to adjust the data transmission policy of the service flow.
  • the second device includes one or more of the following: an application server, or a terminal device.
  • the receiving module and the sending module can also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module, and the transceiver module is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the communication device described in the twelfth aspect may further include a processing module, which may be used to implement functions other than the sending and receiving functions.
  • the communication device may further include a storage module, where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device is made to execute the communication method described in the sixth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the twelfth aspect may be a network device, such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that can be set in the network device, or include the The device or system of the network device is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device configured to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the communication device described in the thirteenth aspect includes corresponding modules, units, or means (means) for implementing the communication method described in any one of the above-mentioned first to sixth aspects.
  • the module, unit, or The means can be realized by hardware, by software, or by executing corresponding software by hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the above-mentioned communication method.
  • a communication device in a fourteenth aspect, includes: a processor, configured to execute the communication method described in any one possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • the communication device according to the fourteenth aspect may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver can be used for the communication device described in the fourteenth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.
  • the communication device described in the fourteenth aspect may further include a memory.
  • the memory can be integrated with the processor or set separately.
  • the memory may be used to store computer programs and/or data involved in the communication method described in any implementation manner of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • a communication device in a fifteenth aspect, includes: a processor, the processor is coupled to the memory, and the processor is used to execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device executes any one of the possible implementation manners in the first aspect to the sixth aspect. communication method.
  • the communication device described in the fifteenth aspect may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver can be used for the communication device described in the fifteenth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.
  • a communication device including: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the communication device executes the first aspect to the sixth aspect The communication method described in any one of the implementation manners.
  • the communication device may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver can be used for the communication device described in the sixteenth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.
  • a communication device including: a processor; the processor is configured to be coupled with a memory, and after reading the computer program in the memory, execute according to the computer program as described in the first aspect to the sixth aspect
  • the communication device may further include a transceiver.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver may be used by the communication device to communicate with other communication devices.
  • the communication device described in the thirteenth aspect to the seventeenth aspect above can be any device involved in the first aspect to the sixth aspect, such as an application function network element, a first device, a second device application service provider, etc. Or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be provided in any device, or a device or system including any device.
  • the technical effects of the communication device described in the above-mentioned thirteenth aspect to the seventeenth aspect can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above-mentioned first aspect to the sixth aspect, which will not be repeated here.
  • a processor is provided. Wherein, the processor is configured to execute the communication method described in any one possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the sixth aspect.
  • a communication system includes the application service system described in the tenth aspect, or the application service system described in the eleventh aspect.
  • a computer-readable storage medium which stores computer programs or instructions; when the computer programs or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is made to execute any one of the possible methods in the first aspect to the sixth aspect. Implement the communication method described in the manner.
  • a computer program product including computer programs or instructions.
  • the computer program or instructions When the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer executes any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect to the sixth aspect. the communication method described.
  • FIG. 1 is a first schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a 5G system based on a service interface provided in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a protocol architecture of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic flow diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a second schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is a third schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is a fourth schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic flow diagram five of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 is a sixth schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 is a first structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram III of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth structural schematic diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 17 is a fifth schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-devie (D2D) Communication systems, IoV communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems,
  • 4G 4th generation mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, worldwide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems
  • the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) mobile communication system such as the new air interface (new radio, NR) system
  • future communication systems such as the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, etc.
  • the present application presents various aspects, embodiments or features in terms of a system that can include a number of devices, components, modules and the like. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • FIG. 1 is a first structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1 is a 5G media streaming architecture for 5G media streaming (5G media streaming, 5GMS) services.
  • the 5GMS architecture includes but is not limited to one or more of the following: terminal equipment, 5GMS application function (5GMS application function, 5GMS AF), 5GMS application provider (5GMS application provider, 5GMS AP), and 5GMS application Server (5GMS application server, 5GMS AS).
  • 5GMS application function 5GMS application function, 5GMS AF
  • 5GMS application provider 5GMS application provider, 5GMS AP
  • 5GMS application Server 5GMS application server, 5GMS AS.
  • 5GMS application functions can also be called 5GMS application function network elements, 5GMS application function entities, etc.
  • 5GMS application providers can also be called 5GMS application service providers (5GMS application service provider, 5GMS ASP), 5GMS application service providers, etc.
  • the service provider entity, the 5GMS application service provider network element, etc., and the 5GMS application server may also be called the 5GMS application service entity, the 5GMS application service network element, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the names of the above network side functions.
  • 5GMS application functions, 5GMS application service providers, and 5GMS application servers are used as examples below to illustrate.
  • 5GMS application functions, 5GMS application service providers, and 5GMS application servers can be deployed in a data network (data network, DN), and a data network refers to an operator network or a third-party network that provides data transmission services for terminal devices, for example, DN can include but not limited to one or more of the following: 5GMS AF network element, 5GMS AS network element and 5GMS AP.
  • the 5GMS architecture may also include but not limited to: network exposure function (network exposure function, NEF), or policy control function (policy control function, PCF), etc.
  • network exposure function network exposure function
  • policy control function policy control function
  • the terminal device may include: 5GMS application (5GMS-aware application) and 5GMS client (5GMS client).
  • 5GMS applications can be considered as applications on the terminal equipment side.
  • a 5GMS application can be called a 5GMS application entity, an application entity, a 5GMS App, or a 5GMS application module, etc.
  • a 5GMS client can be called a 5GMS terminal, a 5GMS terminal entity, a 5GMS client entity, or a 5GMS client module, etc.
  • the 5GMS client entity may include a media session handler (MSH) entity and a media stream handler (media stream handler) entity.
  • MSH media session handler
  • media stream handler media stream handler
  • the media stream processing entity may also be called a media player (media player, MP), and for the uplink media stream service, the media stream processing entity may also be called a media streamer (media streamer, MS).
  • media player media player
  • media streamer media streamer
  • 5GMS applications, 5GMS clients, media session processing, and media stream processing are taken as examples below.
  • 5GMS applications and media stream processing can communicate through application programming interface (application programming interface, API) (such as M7 interface), media stream processing and media session processing can communicate through application programming interface (such as M7 interface and M6 interface), media Session processing and 5GMS applications can communicate through application programming interfaces (such as M6 interfaces).
  • API application programming interface
  • media stream processing and media session processing can communicate through application programming interface (such as M7 interface and M6 interface)
  • media Session processing and 5GMS applications can communicate through application programming interfaces (such as M6 interfaces).
  • Media session processing and 5GMS AF can interact through application programming interfaces (such as M5 interface), so as to realize the creation, control and transmission of media sessions.
  • application programming interfaces such as M5 interface
  • Media stream processing and 5GMS AS can perform media stream transmission, codec and playback (for downlink services) through application programming interfaces (such as M4 interfaces), and provide application programming interfaces (such as M6 interfaces) for upper-layer 5GMS applications and media session processing. interface and M7 interface) to realize media stream playback and media stream session control.
  • application programming interfaces such as M4 interfaces
  • M6 interfaces application programming interfaces
  • interface and M7 interface to realize media stream playback and media stream session control.
  • the NEF network element and the PCF network element are network elements in the 5G architecture (as shown in FIG. 4 ).
  • 5GMS AF network elements can interact with 5G networks through application programming interfaces (such as N33 interface and N5 interface).
  • application programming interfaces such as N33 interface and N5 interface.
  • the 5GMS application service provider is mainly the content provider server for the 5GMS application of the terminal device.
  • 5GMS application service providers and 5GMS applications can be deployed by application service vendors themselves.
  • the 5GMS application service provider and the 5GMS application can communicate with the terminal device through an application programming interface (such as an M8 interface).
  • 5GMS AF and 5GMS AS can communicate through application programming interface (such as M3 interface).
  • application programming interface such as M3 interface
  • the application programming interface depends on the third-party provider.
  • 5GMS AF itself is also a kind of AF defined by 3GPP, which aims to realize information interaction between 5GMS application service providers and 3GPP networks, such as capability opening or parameter provision, etc.
  • this 5GMS AF is an AF for exclusive media streaming services.
  • 5GMS AS can be deployed and controlled by a mobile network operator (MNO), or deployed and controlled by an external third-party application service provider.
  • MNO mobile network operator
  • an external third-party application service provider As a media streaming application server, its function is similar to that of a content distribution network server ( content delivery network, CDN).
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal having a wireless transceiver function or a chip or a chip system that may be provided in the terminal.
  • the terminal equipment may also be called user equipment (user equipment, UE), user device, access terminal, subscriber unit, subscriber station, mobile station, mobile station (mobile station, MS), remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, A user terminal, terminal, terminal unit, end station, terminal device, wireless communication device, user agent or user device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (personal digital assistant, PDA) computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer (Pad), Computers with wireless transceiver function, machine type communication (machine type communication, MTC) terminal, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal equipment, Internet of things (internet of things, IoT) Terminal equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety Wireless terminals in (transportation safety), wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes (such as game consoles, smart TVs, smart speakers, smart refrigerators and fitness equipment, etc.), vehicle-mounted Terminal, RSU with terminal function.
  • MTC machine type communication
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • IoT Internet of things
  • IoT Internet of things
  • wireless terminals in industrial control wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals
  • An access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA) , a handheld device (handset) with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a wearable device, and the like.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • Handset handheld device with wireless communication function
  • computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem a wearable device, and the like.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application can be an express terminal in smart logistics (such as a device that can monitor the location of cargo vehicles, a device that can monitor the temperature and humidity of goods, etc.), a wireless terminal in smart agriculture (such as a device that can collect poultry wearable devices related to livestock data, etc.), wireless terminals in smart buildings (such as smart elevators, fire monitoring equipment, and smart meters, etc.), wireless terminals in smart medical care (such as wireless terminals that can monitor the physiological status of people or animals) Wearable devices), wireless terminals in smart transportation (such as smart buses, smart vehicles, shared bicycles, charging pile monitoring equipment, smart traffic lights, and smart monitoring and smart parking equipment, etc.), wireless terminals in smart retail (such as automatic vending Cargo planes, self-checkout machines, and unmanned convenience stores, etc.).
  • smart logistics such as a device that can monitor the location of cargo vehicles, a device that can monitor the temperature and humidity of goods, etc.
  • a wireless terminal in smart agriculture such as a device that can collect poultry wearable devices
  • the terminal device of the present application may be a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted module, a vehicle-mounted component, a vehicle-mounted chip, or a vehicle-mounted unit built into a vehicle as one or more components or units. Groups, on-board components, on-board chips, or on-board units can implement the methods provided in this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a second schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 2 shows the 5G media stream architecture for downlink media stream services, which can be applied to a scenario where a terminal device selects a certain media stream to play through live broadcast or on-demand.
  • the 5GMS client on the terminal device side includes media session processing and media stream processing.
  • media session processing may support but not limited to one or more of the following sub-module functions: core function, parameters collection and reporting, consumption collection and reporting, or network assistance (network assistance) and service quality (quality of service, QoS) adjustment.
  • the core function sub-module can realize the core functions of establishing, managing and controlling the media stream session.
  • the parameter collection and reporting sub-module can perform parameter collection and reporting configuration on the terminal equipment side, thereby realizing parameter collection and reporting on the terminal equipment side.
  • the usage collection and reporting sub-module can collect and configure the usage information of the media stream service on the terminal equipment side, and report it to the 5GMS AF side according to the configuration information.
  • the network assistance and QoS adjustment sub-module can interact with the network through 5GMS AF, or directly interact with the (wireless) access network ((radio) access network, (R) AN), and request corresponding policy adjustments (such as QoS adjustments) from the network side. ) and network assistance.
  • media stream processing can be used as a media access terminal device, such as a dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol (DASH) terminal device, which can support but not limited to one or more of the following sub-module functions: Media data decryption, usage policy and logging, digital rights management (DRM) client, media data decoding, or media display and rendering.
  • DASH dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol
  • DRM digital rights management
  • the 5GMS application service provider can create a service provisioning (service provisioning) session, and send related features, such as parameter collection and reporting features, to the 5GMS AF.
  • the 5GMS AF determines the service access information (service access information, SAI) according to the characteristic information sent by the 5GMS application service provider, and returns the SAI or its index information to the 5GMS application service provider.
  • SAI service access information
  • the terminal device When the terminal device starts the media streaming service, the terminal device will obtain the SAI through the M8 or M5 interface, and configure and execute it according to the characteristics in the SAI. For example, the 5GMS terminal device will configure the characteristics according to the corresponding sub-functions in the acquired SAI .
  • the 5GMS client After the 5GMS client obtains the SAI, it configures the media stream processing to collect parameters according to the configuration information in the SAI, obtains the parameter collection information, and configures the media stream processing to send the parameter collection information to the Media session processing, media session processing sends the parameter collection information to the 5GMS AF through the M5 interface, thereby completing the parameter collection on the terminal device side.
  • the 5GMS network element in the embodiment of the present application may be a 5GMSd (5G media streaming download, 5GMSd) network element for downlink media streaming services.
  • 5GMSd 5G media streaming download, 5GMSd
  • FIG. 3 is a third schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 3 shows the 5G media stream architecture for uplink media stream services, which can be applied to scenarios where a terminal device uploads media stream services to an application server, or shares media stream services with another terminal device through a 5GMS network.
  • the 5GMS client on the terminal device side includes media session processing and media stream processing.
  • media session processing may support but not limited to one or more of the following sub-module functions: core function, remote control (remote control), parameter collection and reporting (metrics collection and reporting), or network assistance (network assistance).
  • the remote control function is only for uplink services, which means that the media session processing on the terminal device side is remotely controlled by the remote 5GMSu AF.
  • the relevant content of other sub-modules in the media session processing please refer to the relevant content in FIG. 2 , which will not be repeated here.
  • media stream processing can support but not limited to one or more of the following sub-module functions: media capture (media capturing), media encoding (media encoder(s)), parameter measurement and logging (metrics measurement&logging), or upstream media stream client (media upstream client).
  • media capture media capturing
  • media encoding media encoder(s)
  • parameter measurement and logging metrics measurement&logging
  • upstream media stream client media upstream client
  • the media capture sub-module can realize the core function of capturing audio and video, and is used to generate media streams.
  • the 5GMS application service provider can create a service provisioning (service provisioning) session, and send related features, such as parameter collection and reporting features, to the 5GMS AF.
  • the 5GMS AF determines the service access information (service access information, SAI) according to the characteristic information sent by the 5GMS application service provider, and returns the SAI or its index information to the 5GMS application service provider.
  • SAI service access information
  • the terminal device When the terminal device starts the media streaming service, the terminal device will obtain the SAI through the M8 or M5 interface, and configure and execute it according to the characteristics in the SAI. For example, the 5GMS terminal device will configure the characteristics according to the corresponding sub-functions in the acquired SAI .
  • the 5GMS client After the 5GMS client obtains the SAI, it configures the media stream processing to perform parameter measurement according to the configuration information in the SAI, so as to obtain parameter measurement information, such as the user experience information (quality of experience, QoE) of the media service. ), and configure the media stream processing to send the parameter measurement information to the media session processing according to the reporting period in the configuration, and the media session processing sends the parameter measurement information to the 5GMS AF through the M5 interface, thereby completing the parameter measurement and reporting on the terminal device side.
  • parameter measurement information such as the user experience information (quality of experience, QoE) of the media service.
  • the 5GMS network element in the embodiment of the present application may be a 5GMSu (5G media streaming upload, 5GMSu) network element, which is aimed at the uplink media streaming service.
  • 5GMSu 5G media streaming upload, 5GMSu
  • the downlink media streaming service shown in FIG. 2 and the uplink media streaming service shown in FIG. 3 may also occur simultaneously, such as online high-definition games, remote high-definition video calls, and the like.
  • the 5GMSd network element shown in Figure 2 and the 5GMSu network element shown in Figure 3 can also be collectively referred to as the 5GMS network element shown in Figure 1, and the downlink interface shown in Figure 2
  • the uplink interfaces shown in FIG. 3 may also be collectively referred to as 5GMS interfaces.
  • 5GMSd AF and 5GMSu AF can also be collectively referred to as 5GMS AF shown in Figure 1
  • M5d interface and M5u interface can be collectively referred to as M5 interface.
  • 5GMS AF and 5GMS AS can be two independent devices, or they can be integrated into one device.
  • 5GMS AF and 5GMS AS are integrated into one device, the M3 interface shown in Figure 1- Figure 3 is the internal interface of the device.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an architecture of a 5G system based on a service interface provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the 5G system may include: authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF) network element, access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF) network element, data network (data network, DN), unified data management (unified data management, UDM) network element, PCF network element, (wireless) access network ((radio) access network, (R)AN) network element, user plane function (UPF) ) network element, user equipment (user equipment, UE) (also called terminal equipment), application function (application function, AF) network element, session management function (session management function, SMF) network element, network data analysis function ( Network data analytics function (NWDAF) network element, NEF network element, network storage function (network repository function, NRF) network element.
  • authentication server function authentication server function, AUSF
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • AMF access and mobility management function
  • data network data network
  • (R)AN network elements For the convenience of description, (R)AN network elements, AMF network elements, SMF network elements, UDM network elements, UPF network elements, and PCF network elements are respectively referred to by RAN, AMF, SMF, UDM, UPF, and PCF. .
  • the 5G system is divided into two parts: the access network and the core network.
  • the access network is used to implement functions related to wireless access, mainly including RAN.
  • the core network is used for network service control, data transmission, etc.
  • the core network is composed of multiple network elements, mainly including: AMF, SMF, UPF, PCF, UDM, etc.
  • AMF is mainly responsible for signaling processing, for example, managing user registration, reachability detection, SMF selection, mobile state transition management, etc.
  • SMF is mainly responsible for all control plane functions of terminal session management, including establishment, modification and deletion of control sessions, selection of user plane nodes, etc.
  • UPF as the anchor point of protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session connection, is responsible for data packet routing and forwarding, mobility anchor point, and acts as an upstream classifier to support routing traffic to the data network.
  • UPF can also serve as a branch point to support multi-homing PDU sessions, etc.
  • PCF as a policy decision point, is responsible for providing rules based on service data flow and application detection, gate control, QoS, and flow-based charging control.
  • UDM can be used to store user subscription data.
  • AUSF can provide authentication services.
  • AF can be co-deployed with the application server, which can belong to the operator or a third party. It mainly supports interaction with the 3GPP core network to provide services to affect data routing decisions, policy control, or access network capability exposure.
  • NEF securely open services and capabilities provided by 3GPP network functions, such as third parties, edge computing, AF, etc.
  • NRF is a network element that stores information such as network element attributes, network element status, and network topology relationships. It has the functions of network element discovery and network element management.
  • DN which can be responsible for providing operator services, Internet access or third-party services.
  • NWDAF has at least one of the following functions: data collection function, data analysis function. For example, it can provide network data collection and analysis functions based on technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence.
  • RAN a network composed of one or more access network devices (also called RAN nodes or network devices), realizes wireless physical layer functions, resource scheduling and wireless resource management, wireless access control and mobility management functions, and serves Quality management, data compression and encryption and other functions.
  • the access network device is connected to the UPF through the user plane interface N3, and is used to transmit data of the terminal.
  • the access network device establishes a control plane signaling connection with the AMF through the control plane interface N2 to implement functions such as wireless access bearer control.
  • the access network device is a device with wireless transceiver function or a chip or a chip system that can be set on the device.
  • the access network equipment includes but is not limited to: an access point (access point, AP) in a wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wi-Fi) system, such as a home gateway, a router, a server, a switch, a network bridge, etc., an evolved Node B (evolved Node B, eNB), radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit, BBU), wireless relay node, wireless backhaul node, transmission point (transmission and reception point, TRP or transmission point, TP), etc., can also be 5G, such as gNB in the new air interface (new radio
  • the network architecture of the 5G network may also include other functional network elements.
  • unified data storage unified data repository, UDR
  • unstructured data storage function unstructured data storage function, UDSF
  • FIG. 5 is a fourth schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is an example of combining the 5GMS architecture shown in FIG. 1 with the 5G network architecture shown in FIG. 4 .
  • DN 5GMS AP, 5GMS AF, 5GMS AS
  • the data transmission service is provided by the 5G network deployed by the MNO.
  • the function of the M4 interface shown in Figure 1 can be implemented by the (R)AN in the 5G network, the user plane function (user plain function, UPF) network element, and the Uu between the UE and the (R)AN Interface, N3 interface between (R)AN and UPF network element, and N6 interface between UPF network element and DN.
  • the user plane function user plain function, UPF
  • UPF user plain function
  • the M4 interface is located at the application layer shown in Figure 6, while the equipment or network elements in the 5G system (5G system, 5GS) such as terminal equipment, (R)AN, and UPF network elements are located at the The network layer shown in FIG. 6 .
  • the application layer is located on the upper layer of the network layer, and there are presentation (presentation) layer, session (session) layer and transport (transport) layer between them, and the application layer, presentation layer, session layer, and transport layer are important for 5GS It is transparent, that is, 5GS cannot know the detailed information in the application layer, such as what type of data is contained in the 5GMS media stream.
  • data transmission strategies for 5GMS media streams such as (policy control&charging, PCC) rules, QoS control strategies, etc.
  • PCC policy control&charging, PCC
  • QoS control strategies etc.
  • the application function network element can indicate the source device of the service flow, such as a terminal device or an application server, according to the first information (which can be provided by the ASP), to provide different types of service flows for the application service provider. It provides an effective technical means for 5GS to identify and provide differentiated strategies for different types of data in the service flow.
  • the application function network element can send the service flow description information including the identification information to the policy control network element in the core network, so that the policy control network element can identify the service flow in the service flow based on the service flow description information including the identification information
  • Different data types dynamically adjust the data transmission strategy of each type of data in the business flow, so as to provide differentiated data transmission services for different types of data in the business flow, to ensure the overall playback effect of the business flow, thereby improving user experience.
  • the real-time high-definition playback of the service flow can be realized in scenarios such as sufficient network resources and good channel quality, and real-time smooth playback of the service flow can be ensured in scenarios such as limited network resources and poor channel quality.
  • FIG. 7 is a first schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in any one of FIG. 1-FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • the application service provider in Figure 7 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1
  • the application function network element in Figure 7 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1.
  • the first device shown in Figure 7 may be the terminal device shown in Figure 1 or the 5GMS AS.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the application function network element acquires first information.
  • the method for the application function network element to obtain the first information may include: the application function network element receives the first information from the application service provider, and correspondingly, the application service provider sends the first information to the application function network element; The functional network element obtains the first information locally.
  • the first information stored locally by the application function network element may be input through the input and output interface, or may be received and stored in advance through the interface between the application function network element and the application service provider, or may be pre-configured Yes, the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the source of the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the types of data packets in the service flows include one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow.
  • foreground flow or background flow.
  • the service layer will consider using the encoding method of the viewing angle area, that is, the media within the viewing angle range facing the current user is independently encoded and transmitted as the foreground stream, and other areas or the complete three-dimensional space Media-independent encoding for background streaming.
  • the pictures in the user's current viewing angle range are encoded into ultra-high-definition quality for transmission
  • the pictures in other viewing angle ranges or all viewing angle ranges are encoded into low-definition quality for transmission, so as to avoid the impact of panoramic ultra-high-definition media transmission on the network. pressure.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: independent decoding frame (intra-coded frame, I frame), forward decoding frame (predicted frame, P frame), or bidirectional decoding frame (bio- directional predicted frame, B frame).
  • independent decoding frame intra-coded frame
  • P frame forward decoding frame
  • bidirectional decoding frame bio- directional predicted frame, B frame.
  • the I frame can be independently decoded and displayed according to the data of the current frame. After receiving the I frame, the terminal device can decode it, and other frames need to refer to the I frame to decode it.
  • a P frame needs to combine the decoding results of other frames before the P frame (such as the previous frame) to complete the decoding display, and a B frame needs to refer to at least one frame before and after the B frame (such as the previous frame + the next frame) for decoding , which means that B frames are more dependent on other frames. That is to say, neither the P frame nor the B frame can be decoded independently, and can only be decoded by referring to the decoding results of other frames.
  • the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: base layer, or enhancement layer.
  • base layer or enhancement layer.
  • the coded media stream will be divided into a base layer and one or more enhancement layers, where the base layer
  • the media stream of the enhanced layer can be decoded and displayed independently; the media stream of the enhancement layer cannot be decoded and displayed independently, and must be decoded and displayed with reference to the media stream of the base layer.
  • SVC scalable video coding
  • the first information may include one or more of the following: a service identifier of the service, type information of one or more data types in the service flow of the service.
  • the service identifier of the service refers to service flow description information used to determine the service, such as IP quintuple information, or one or more feature information in the IP layer, transport layer, and application layer.
  • the first information may include one or more of the following: the service identifier 1 of the service 1, the foreground flow Type information, or type information of background streams.
  • the type information of the data in the service flow can be assigned by the application function network element or the application service provider. The following describes in detail in conjunction with Scheme 1 and Scheme 2.
  • the first information includes the service identifier 1 and data type information of the service 1, but the specific value of the identification information of the type of data corresponding to the data type information in the network transmission process, the bearing position of the identification information and other specific implementation solutions, It can be determined by the application function network element itself.
  • the specific value of the identification information can be a character string or a numerical value
  • the bearing position of the identification information refers to the name of an information element (IE) or a field (field) used to carry the identification information in the encapsulation information of the data packet.
  • the first information includes service identifier 1 and type information of the foreground flow.
  • the specific value and bearer position of the identification information of the foreground flow can be determined by the application function network element, so as to give the application function network element more freedom and flexibility, and avoid when different application service providers provide their own
  • the provided service flow assigns the identifiers of various types of data
  • the application service provider only provides one kind of service, the service identifier of the service may not be provided, and the rest of this document will not repeat it.
  • the above service flow 1 of service 1 and service flow 2 of service 2 are taken as examples for illustration.
  • the service 2 is provided by the application service provider 2, and the service flow 2 includes I frames and P frames.
  • application service provider 1 assigns identifiers for the foreground flow and background flow in service flow 1 to be identifier 1 and identifier 2 in turn, and application service provider 2 assigns identifiers to I frames and P frames in service flow 2 to be identifier 3 and 4, the value of one of 1 and 2 may be the same as that of 3 and 4, for example, 1 and 3 are the same, thus triggering identification information of different types of data conflict issues.
  • the first information may also include one or more of the following items: the value of the identification information corresponding to the data type information, or the bearer location.
  • the application service provider not only instructs the application function network element to add identification information for which type of data in the service flow of which service, but also specifies the value and/or bearer location of the identification information.
  • scheme 2 the difference between scheme 2 and scheme 1 is: in scheme 2, the values and bearer positions of the identification information of foreground flow and background flow are assigned by the application function network element, while in scheme 1, the identification information of foreground flow and background flow The value and hosting location of are assigned by the application service provider.
  • the first information may also include cross-layer optimization instruction information, where the instruction information is used to instruct the application function network element to perform the identification processing operation of the service flow.
  • indicating which data types of data packets in the business flow of which business to perform the adding identification operation can be implemented in an explicit way, such as the scheme that the first information includes cross-layer optimization indication information; it can also be implemented implicitly If the first information includes data type information of some or all data types in the service flow, and does not include cross-layer optimization indication information, this embodiment of the present application does not limit this.
  • the implicit indication scheme as long as the first information includes the service identifier and data type information, it is necessary to add identification information to the data packets of the specified data type in the service flow corresponding to the service identifier by default.
  • the specific scheme can be It is determined by the application function NE according to actual requirements.
  • the application service provider and the application function network element can transmit the first information through the M1 interface.
  • the method shown in FIG. 7 further includes: the application service provider determines the first information.
  • the application service provider may select from all the services provided by itself, which service flows need to perform the identifier addition operation, and which data types of data packets need to perform the identifier addition operation, so as to generate the content of the first information.
  • the method shown in FIG. 7 further includes: the application service provider and the mobile network operator can reach an agreement on which data types of data in the service flow of which services need to perform an identifier addition operation . Specifically, it can be executed online or offline, and the conclusion reached, such as the service level agreement (service level agreement, SLA) agreement, can be stored in the form of computer-readable files or configuration information.
  • the content of the SLA agreement includes part or all of the above-mentioned first information.
  • the application function network element determines second information according to the first information.
  • the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information, and the identification information is used to identify the data type of the data packet.
  • the identification information of the foreground flow may be identification 1
  • the identification information of the background flow may be identification 2.
  • the second information can also include the bearer location of the identification information, such as the identification information can be added in Internet protocol version 4 (internet protocol version 4, IPv4), Internet protocol version 6 (internet protocol version 6, IPv6), transmission control protocol ( transmission control protocol, TCP), or user datagram protocol (user datagram protocol, UDP) and other protocol layer header fields.
  • identification information can be added in Internet protocol version 4 (internet protocol version 4, IPv4), Internet protocol version 6 (internet protocol version 6, IPv6), transmission control protocol ( transmission control protocol, TCP), or user datagram protocol (user datagram protocol, UDP) and other protocol layer header fields.
  • the content of the second information may be the same as or different from that of the first information.
  • the application service provider has allocated corresponding identification information for different types of data in the service flow, and the application function network element only needs to assign the identification information specified by the application service provider to , and send it to the source device of the service flow, such as a terminal device or an application server.
  • the application service provider only notifies the application function network element: which types of data in the service flow of which services need to add identification information, and each type of data needs to The value and/or bearer location of the added identification information may be assigned by the application function network element itself.
  • the first information may be provided by the application service provider, and the content of the second information may be assigned by the application function network element according to the first information, so as to endow the application function network element with various types of data in the service flow determined as
  • the degree of freedom and flexibility in the process of adding identification information can avoid the problem that multiple types of data in different business flows correspond to the same identification information when different application service providers determine the content of the second information, In this way, the conflict of identification information is effectively avoided, and the service quality of the business flow is ensured.
  • the application function network element assigns identification information to various types of data in the service flow, it can report the address information of the application server, such as the IP address of the application server, to the application service provider.
  • the address information is used for the application service provider to inject the content of the downlink service flow into the application server, or for receiving the content of the uplink service flow from the terminal device.
  • the network element with the application function may report the allocated identification information to the application provider, and the application provider sends the identification information to the terminal device, so as to add identification information to the uplink service flow.
  • S701-S702 can be performed in a service provisioning session (service provisioning session) process, and the specific implementation can refer to the communication method shown in FIG. 8 or FIG. 9 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the application function network element sends the second information to the first device, and the first device receives the second information from the application function network element.
  • the first device is a source device, which may include one or more of the following: a terminal device, or an application server.
  • the application server is the source device; for the uplink service flow, the terminal device is the source device.
  • the application function network element sends the second information to the application server, which may be specifically implemented as: the application function network element sends the second information to the application server through the M3 interface.
  • the terminal device may acquire the content of the second information in one of the following ways:
  • the terminal device receives the second information from the application service provider through the M8 interface.
  • the application function network element can send the The SAI is encapsulated in a service announcement (service announcement) message on the M8 interface and sent to the terminal device.
  • service assistance information service assistance information
  • the terminal device can also obtain the second information through the following method 2:
  • the terminal device obtains the index of the second information, such as the index of SAI, from the application service provider through the service notification message of the M8 interface, and then obtains the content of the second information from the application function network element through the M5 interface according to the index.
  • the index of the second information such as the index of SAI
  • the first device adds identification information to the data packets in the service flow.
  • the first device that is, the source device of the service flow, may add identification information to some or all types of data in the service flow based on the second information.
  • the terminal device may add identification information to data packets of some or all data types in the uplink service flow based on the second information.
  • the application server may add identification information to data packets of some or all data types in the downlink service flow based on the second information.
  • the application function network element can instruct the source end device of the service flow, such as a terminal device or an application server, to add identification information to different types of data in the service flow according to the first information, so that Network elements on the service flow transmission path can identify different types of data and provide different network transmission strategies for different types of data, thereby providing differentiated data transmission services for different types of data in the service flow to ensure
  • the overall playback effect of the service flow such as realizing real-time high-definition playback of the service flow in scenarios such as sufficient network resources and good channel quality, and ensuring real-time and smooth playback of the service flow in scenarios such as limited network resources and poor channel quality , thereby enhancing the user experience.
  • the following S705 may also be performed:
  • the first device sends network requirement information to the application function network element.
  • the network demand information is used to determine the network transmission capability required by the first type of data packets in the service flow, and the network transmission capability includes one or more of the following: transmission bandwidth, or transmission delay.
  • the first type is one or more data types in the service flow.
  • the network requirement information can be carried in the dynamic policy adjustment request message.
  • the terminal device can actively initiate a dynamic policy adjustment request message to the application function network element, and the request message carries the quality requirements that the terminal device expects to obtain for the data transmission service that can be achieved.
  • the terminal device may initiate a data transmission policy adjustment request.
  • the network can adjust the request according to the data transmission strategy, and adjust the data transmission strategy in real time to provide data transmission services that are closer to user needs, thereby improving user experience.
  • different users, different services, and different types of data packets of the same service often have different transmission requirements, so as to provide differentiated data transmission services for different users, different services, or different types of data in the same service.
  • FIG. 8 is a second schematic flow diagram of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the application service provider in Figure 7 can be the 5GMSd AP shown in Figure 8
  • the application function network element in Figure 7 can be the 5GMSd AF shown in Figure 8
  • the 5GMSd AF shown in Figure 7 One device may be the 5GMSd AS shown in Figure 8.
  • the 5GMSd AS is the source device of the downlink service flow
  • the UE is the sink device of the downlink service flow.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the application service provider interacts with the network operator to execute an SLA negotiation process.
  • the negotiated SLA agreement includes cross-layer optimization instruction information, and the instruction information is used to instruct the mobile network operator to provide cross-layer optimization service for the service flow of the application service provider.
  • the SLA agreement may also include service identifiers of services that require the mobile network operator to provide cross-layer optimization services.
  • the application service provider can also determine which services require the network operator to provide cross-layer optimization services, and notify the mobile network operator, so S801 can be regarded as an optional step.
  • the 5GMSd application service provider and the 5GMSd AF perform legality certification.
  • the 5GMSd AF authenticates and authorizes the 5GMSd AP to ensure that the 5GMSd AP has the ability to legally call the 5GMSd AF API interface.
  • the 5GMSd AF authenticates and authorizes the 5GMSd AP to ensure that the 5GMSd AP has the ability to legally call the 5GMSd AF API interface.
  • the 5GMSd AP creates a service provisioning session.
  • 5GMSd AF and 5GMSd AS which includes multiple streaming media sub-functions of the service, such as parameter measurement and collection, dynamic measurement adjustment, etc.
  • the 5GMSd AP sends the first information to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the first information may be carried in one or more of the following 5GMSd characteristic information elements (information element, IE) or field (field), such as parameter collection and reporting, dynamic policy adjustment, etc., which are not limited here.
  • 5GMSd characteristic information elements information element, IE
  • field field
  • the 5GMSd AF determines the second information according to the first information.
  • the 5GMSd AF generates the SAI according to the second information.
  • the content of the second information may be carried in the field of the SAI, and the SAI may be carried in a service data flow (service data flow, SDF) information element in the dynamic policy feature.
  • service data flow service data flow, SDF
  • the 5GMSd AF sends resource configuration information to the 5GMSd AS.
  • the resource configuration information includes interface configuration information, first indication information and second information.
  • the interface configuration information is used to configure the interface of the 5GMSd AS, including the M2 interface and the M4 interface.
  • the interface configuration information may explicitly include first indication information, and the first indication information is used to instruct the 5GMSd AS to add identification information to some or all types of data in the service flow.
  • the identification information of one or more types of data in the service flow can also be used to implicitly instruct the 5GMSd AS to add identification information to some or all types of data in the service flow.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends resource configuration information to the 5GMSd AS through the M3d interface.
  • the 5GMSd AS sends the acknowledgment information and the 5GMSd AS side address to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the positive response information is used to indicate that the resource configuration is successful, and the M2 interface address on the 5GMSd AS side, such as an Internet (internet protocol, IP) address, is used for the 5GMSd AP to inject service flow content into the 5GMSd AS.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the 5GMSd AF sends the service provisioning result to the 5GMSd AP.
  • the service provisioning result includes the content of the SAI or the index of the SAI, the address of the 5GMSd AS side, etc.
  • the 5GMSd AP injects service flow content into the 5GMSd AS.
  • the 5GMSd AP sends the data packet of the service flow to the 5GMSd AS according to the AS side address provided by the 5GMSd AF.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends SAI configuration information to the UE.
  • the client side on the UE side can obtain the content of the SAI through the M8d interface or the M5d interface.
  • the 5GMS AF sends the SAI to the 5GMSd AP at S809
  • the 5GMSd AP can add the SAI to the service announcement (service announcement) message sent to the 5GMSd application on the UE side through the M8d interface, and the 5GMSd application can receive the SAI and send it to the UE.
  • the media session handles forwarding.
  • the 5GMSd AP can carry the SAI index in the service notification message sent to the 5GMSd application on the UE side through the M8d interface, and the 5GMSd application can receive the SAI index , and forwarded to the media session processing, and then the media session processing obtains the SAI from the 5GMSd AF through the M5d interface based on the index of the SAI.
  • the streaming media application is started on the UE side, and the user starts a media streaming service.
  • the 5GMSd AS sends the data packet of the service flow to the terminal device.
  • the 5GMSd AS sends the data packet of the service flow to the terminal device according to the second information.
  • some or all types of data packets carry identification information
  • the value of the identification information is determined according to the second information
  • different types of data packets carry different identification information.
  • various types of data packets in the service flow can be processed along the transmission path of 5GMSd AS->UPF->(R)AN->UE to the media stream on the UE side for decoding and playback.
  • the UE sends network requirement information to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the network requirement information may be carried in the dynamic policy configuration information in the SAI.
  • the dynamic policy configuration information carries the SDF that can be used to detect the corresponding identification information, and sends it to the 5GMSd AF side, so that the 5GMSd AF requests the core network to perform QoS control and transmission policy adjustment on some or all types of data in the service flow, that is, execute S815 described below.
  • the 5GMSd AF initiates an AF request to the PCF network element.
  • the AF request may include: the flow description information of the service flow and the network requirement information received in S813.
  • the flow description information may include: data packet filtering information of the service flow (such as IP quintuple, application identification, etc.), identification information of some or all types of data in the service flow of the service, network demand information and the The identification information is corresponding, so that the PCF network element can adjust the transmission strategy of some or all types of data in a targeted manner.
  • the application function network element can send the flow description information of the service flow and the network requirement information received in S813 to the policy control network element through the N5 interface.
  • the application function network element can also send to the network exposure function (NEF) through the N33 interface, and the NEF forwards the flow description information of the service flow and the network requirements received in S813 to the policy control network element information.
  • NEF network exposure function
  • the PCF adjusts the transmission strategy of various types of data in the service flow according to the network demand information.
  • the data transmission policy may include an updated PCC rule, or an adjusted QoS policy, and the like.
  • the PCF initiates a session management policy association update modification process to the SMF.
  • the PCF can send the modified PCC rule to the SMF, and then the SMF executes the corresponding PDU session modification procedure.
  • the N4 session modification process is used to update the packet detection rule (packet detection rule, PDR, also known as packet detection rule) on the UPF side to ensure that 5GS recognizes different types of data packets in the service flow and provides them with different standardized network transmission services.
  • PDR packet detection rule
  • various types of data in the service flow are distinguished by detecting the identification information carried in the data packet.
  • S820 providing differentiated data transmission services for different types of data in service flows.
  • the 5GMSd AF can instruct the source device 5GMSd AS of the downlink service flow according to the first information provided by the 5GMSd AP to identify different types of data in the downlink media flow service, so as to ensure different Types of data can be perceived and identified by the network side, so as to realize differentiated 5G policy processing of different types of data in the downlink media streaming service, so as to effectively guarantee the service experience of users.
  • FIG. 9 is a third schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the application service provider in Figure 7 can be the 5GMSu AP shown in Figure 9
  • the application function network element in Figure 7 can be the 5GMSu AF shown in Figure 9
  • the 5GMSu AF shown in Figure 7 A device may be the UE shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the UE is the source end device of the uplink service flow
  • the 5GMSu AS is the sink end device of the uplink service flow.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the application service provider interacts with the network operator to execute an SLA negotiation process.
  • the 5GMSu application service provider and the 5GMSu AF conduct mutual legality authentication.
  • the 5GMSu AP creates a service provisioning session.
  • the 5GMSu AP sends the first information to the 5GMSu AF.
  • the 5GMSu AF determines the second information according to the first information.
  • the 5GMSu AF generates the SAI according to the second information.
  • the 5GMSu AF sends resource configuration information to the 5GMSu AS.
  • the resource configuration information may include M4u interface information, 5GMSu AS side address, etc.
  • the 5GMSu AS side address is the receiving address of the upstream service flow.
  • the 5GMSu AS sends a positive response message and the 5GMSu AS side address to the 5GMSu AF.
  • the acknowledgment information is used to indicate that the resource configuration information is successfully received, and the 5GMSu AS side address, such as an IP address, is used for the UE to send the service flow content to the 5GMSu AS.
  • the 5GMSu AF sends the service provisioning result to the 5GMSu AP.
  • the service activation result includes SAI or SAI index, 5GMSu AS side address, etc.
  • the 5GMSu AF sends SAI configuration information to the UE.
  • the client on the UE side can obtain the corresponding SAI through the M8u interface or the M5u interface.
  • the 5GMSu AF sends SAI configuration information to the 5GMSu AP in S909
  • the 5GMSu AP can add the SAI to the service notification message sent to the 5GMSu application on the UE side, and the 5GMSu application can receive the SAI and forward it to the media session processing.
  • the 5GMSu AF sends SAI index information to the 5GMSu AP in S909
  • the 5GMSu AP can carry the SAI index in the service notification message sent to the 5GMSu application on the UE side through the M8u interface, and the 5GMSu application can receive the SAI index , and forwarded to the media session processing, and then the media session processing obtains the SAI from the 5GMSu AF through the M5u interface based on the index of the SAI.
  • the terminal device sends a data packet of the service flow to the 5GMSu AS.
  • the terminal device sends various types of data packets in the service flow to the 5GMSu AS according to the second information.
  • the value and bearer position of identification information carried by some or all types of data packets may be determined according to the second information, and the identification information carried by different types of data packets is different.
  • the UE side media session processing sends the configuration information to the media stream processing, and the media stream processing adds corresponding identification information, and then sends it to the 5GMSu AS.
  • the identification information can be carried in packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP) layer, IP layer, transport layer, application layer, or newly defined In the middle layer, it is not limited here.
  • various types of data packets in the service flow can reach the 5GMSu AS side along the transmission path of UE->(R)AN->UPF->5GMSu AS.
  • the UE sends network requirement information to the 5GMSu AF.
  • the 5GMSu AF initiates an AF request to the PCF network element.
  • the PCF adjusts the transmission strategy of various types of data in the service flow according to the network demand information.
  • the PCF initiates a session management policy association update modification process to the SMF.
  • the 5GMSu AF can indicate the source device UE of the uplink service flow according to the first information provided by the 5GMSu AP, and identify different types of data in the uplink media flow service, so as to ensure that different types The data can be perceived and identified by the network side, so as to realize the differentiated 5G policy processing of different types of data in the uplink media streaming service, so as to effectively guarantee the service experience of users.
  • FIG. 10 is a fourth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in any one of FIG. 1-FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 10 is a fourth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in any one of FIG. 1-FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • the application service provider in Figure 10 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1
  • the application function network element in Figure 10 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1.
  • the second device shown in Figure 10 can be the terminal device or 5GMS AS shown in Figure 1, that is, the scheme does not distinguish between uplink and downlink business flows, and it can be understood that this scheme is applicable to uplink and downlink services flow.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the application service provider sends third information to the application function network element, and the application function network element receives the third information from the application provider.
  • the third information is used to indicate traffic characteristics of statistical service flows.
  • the traffic characteristics may include one or more of the following: data volume, data transmission rate, bit error rate, channel quality, signal strength, signal quality, data transmission period, or transmission delay, etc., the embodiment of the present application does not be restricted.
  • the first information may include one or more of the following: cross-layer optimization indication information, or a service identifier of a service corresponding to the service flow.
  • the third information may only include cross-layer optimization indication information.
  • the cross-layer optimization indication information is used to indicate the traffic characteristics of the statistical service flow, which can be understood as: explicitly indicating the statistical traffic characteristics of all the service flows provided by the application service provider.
  • the third information may only include the service identifier of the service corresponding to the service flow.
  • the service identifier of the service refers to service flow description information used to determine the service, such as IP quintuple information, or one or more feature information in the IP layer, transport layer, and application layer.
  • IP quintuple information such as IP quintuple information
  • feature information in the IP layer, transport layer, and application layer such as IP quintuple information
  • IP quintuple information such as IP quintuple information
  • feature information in the IP layer, transport layer, and application layer such as IP quintuple information
  • the third information may include both the cross-layer optimization indication and the service identifier of the service corresponding to the service flow. It may be understood as: explicitly indicating the traffic characteristics of the service flow corresponding to the service specified by the statistical application service provider. There may be one or multiple service identifiers of the service corresponding to the service flow, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • indicating which business flows need to perform traffic characteristic statistics operations can be implemented in an explicit manner, such as the scheme that the third information includes cross-layer optimization indication information, or it can be implemented in an implicit manner, as in the third
  • the information includes the service identifier of the service corresponding to the service flow, and does not include a solution for cross-layer optimization instruction information.
  • the specific solution can be determined by the application service provider according to actual needs, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the application service provider and the application function network element can transmit the third information through the M1 interface.
  • the method shown in FIG. 10 further includes: the application service provider determines third information.
  • the application service provider may select from all the services provided by the application service provider, which service flows need to perform traffic feature statistics operations, so as to generate the content of the third information.
  • the method shown in FIG. 10 further includes: the application service provider and the mobile network operator may negotiate service flows that need to perform traffic characteristic statistics operations.
  • the negotiation process can be performed online or offline, and the conclusion reached, such as the SLA agreement, is stored in the application service provider or application function network element in the form of computer-readable files or configuration information. Reserved in local storage.
  • the content of the SLA agreement may include part or all of the above third information.
  • the application function network element determines fourth information according to the third information.
  • the fourth information includes one or more of the following: service identifier, data volume, data transmission rate, data transmission period, bit error rate, transmission delay, or reporting period of the service corresponding to the service flow.
  • the fourth information may be associated with the service flow of some or all of the services provided by the application service provider.
  • the traffic characteristics included in the fourth information are applicable to the service flow of all services provided by the application service provider, that is, the services of all services provided by the application service provider Both flows need to collect statistics on the same traffic characteristics.
  • the traffic included in the fourth information is only applicable to the service flow of the service corresponding to the service identifier, that is, only the traffic characteristics of the service flow of the service corresponding to the service identifier need to be counted, and there is no need to count the services provided by the application service provider, except for the service corresponding to the service identifier Traffic characteristics of business flows other than business.
  • the third information indicates that traffic characteristic statistics operations need to be performed on the service flows of multiple services, for example, the third information contains multiple service identifiers, or the third information only contains cross-layer optimization instructions, and the application service provider If multiple services are provided, the fourth information may also include multiple service identifiers.
  • the traffic characteristics of the multiple service flows that need to be counted may be the same or different, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the content of the fourth information may be the same as or different from the content of the third information.
  • the application service provider has specified which services need to collect traffic characteristics, and the application function network element only needs to send the third information to the source device or sink device of the service flow.
  • the application service provider only notifies the application function network element: the traffic characteristics of the service flows of which services need to be counted, and the specific content of the traffic characteristics can be determined by the application function network Yuan is determined by itself.
  • the third information acquired by the application function network element includes a service identifier, and the application function network element may determine which traffic characteristics of the service corresponding to the service identifier need to be counted according to the service identifier.
  • the third information can be provided by the application service provider, and the content of the fourth information can be determined by the application function network element according to the third information, so as to give the application function network element the specific content of the traffic characteristics that need to be counted. Freedom and flexibility in the process.
  • S1001-S1002 can be performed in the process of opening a service session, and the specific implementation can refer to the communication method shown in FIG. 11 below, which will not be repeated here.
  • the application function network element sends fourth information to the second device, and the second device receives the fourth information from the application function network element.
  • the second device may include one or more of the following: an application server, a terminal device, (R)AN, or UPF.
  • the second device may be a source device, a sink device, or an intermediate device.
  • the application server is the source device
  • the terminal device is the sink device
  • the application server is the sink device.
  • the terminal device is the source device
  • the application server is the sink device.
  • the terminal device is the source device
  • the application server is the sink device.
  • (R)AN and UPF network elements are intermediate devices.
  • the aforementioned sending of the fourth information to the second device includes one or more of the following: the application function network element sends the fourth information to the application server; or, the application function network element sends the fourth information to the terminal device; or, The application function network element sends the fourth information to the intermediate device.
  • the application function network element sends the fourth information to the application server, which may be specifically implemented as: the application function network element sends the fourth information to the application server through the M3 interface.
  • the terminal device may acquire the content of the fourth information in one of the following ways:
  • Mode 3 if the application function network element has reported the fourth information to the application service provider through the M1 interface, if the fourth information is encapsulated in SAI and reported, the application service provider can encapsulate the SAI in the service notification message of the M8 interface
  • the information is sent to the terminal device, that is, the terminal device can receive the fourth information from the application service provider through the M8 interface.
  • the terminal device can also obtain the fourth information through the following method 4:
  • the terminal device receives the index of the fourth information from the application service provider through the M8 interface, and then obtains the fourth information from the application function network element through the M5 interface according to the index.
  • the terminal device sends the The service provider obtains the index of the fourth information, such as the index of the SAI, and then obtains the content of the fourth information from the application function network element through the M5 interface according to the index.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 10 may further include the following steps:
  • the second device sends the statistical result of traffic characteristics of the service flow to the application function network element, and the application function network element receives the statistical result of the traffic characteristic of the service flow from the second device.
  • the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is determined according to the fourth information, and the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is used to adjust the data transmission policy of the service flow.
  • the statistical results of the traffic characteristics are obtained according to the content of the fourth information, such as which traffic indicators are measured and how to process the measurement results of these traffic indicators to generate the statistical results of the traffic characteristics.
  • the statistical results of traffic characteristics may be statistically reported by one or more of the following devices: the source end device of the service flow, the sink end device of the service flow, or the intermediate device of the service flow, and the specific content may include one or more of the following Items: data volume, data transmission rate, bit error rate, channel quality, signal strength, signal quality, data transmission cycle or transmission delay, etc., which are not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • the statistical result of traffic characteristics may also include the service identifier of the service corresponding to the service flow, so that the policy control network element can distinguish which service flow the traffic characteristic statistical result is for, so as to provide differentiated data for different service flows transfer service.
  • traffic statistics and reporting operations of service flows can be performed based on the fourth information.
  • the application server can report the transmission cycle characteristics of the downlink service flow statistically, including the cycle size of data transmission, the data of each cycle The size of the traffic, and report this information to the application function network element; similarly, the terminal device can also count the regularity of downlink data arrival, clarify the periodicity of data transmission, and report to the application function network element.
  • the application function network element sends the traffic feature statistics result to the policy control network element, and the policy control network element receives the traffic feature statistics result from the application function network element.
  • the terminal device can report the statistical result of traffic characteristics to the application function network element through the M5 interface
  • the application server can report the traffic characteristic statistics result to the application function network element through the M3 interface.
  • the application function network element can send the flow feature statistics result to the policy control network element through the N5 interface.
  • the application function network element can also send the traffic characteristic statistical result to the network exposure function (network exposure function, NEF) through the N33 interface, and then the NEF forwards the traffic characteristic statistical result to the policy control network element.
  • network exposure function network exposure function
  • the policy control network element adjusts the data transmission policy of the service flow based on the statistical result of the traffic characteristic.
  • the policy control network element can adjust the data transmission strategy of the service flow of the service corresponding to the service identifier based on the statistical results of traffic characteristics, such as increasing/decreasing transmission resources, increasing/decreasing transmission delay, etc., so as to provide services for different services Flow provides differentiated network transmission services.
  • the application function network element can indicate the source device or the sink device of the service flow according to the third information provided by the application service provider, and report the statistics of the services provided by the application service provider flow characteristics of the flow. Afterwards, the application function network element can send the received traffic characteristic statistical result to the policy control network element in the operator network, so that the policy control network element can dynamically adjust the data transmission strategy of the service flow based on the traffic characteristic statistical result, so as to serve different For example, service flows with different priorities provide differentiated data transmission services to ensure the transmission quality of high-priority service flows. For example, in scenarios such as limited network resources and poor channel quality, according to the traffic characteristics of service flows Perform resource pre-scheduling and other processing to improve the service quality of high-priority business flows.
  • FIG. 11 is a fifth schematic flowchart of the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the application service provider in Figure 10 can be the 5GMSd AP shown in Figure 11
  • the application function network element in Figure 10 can be the 5GMSd AF shown in Figure 11
  • the 5GMSd AF shown in Figure 7 The second device may be the 5GMSd AS or UE shown in Figure 11.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the 5GMSd AP interacts with the network operator to execute the SLA negotiation process.
  • the negotiated SLA agreement includes cross-layer optimization instruction information, and the cross-layer optimization instruction information is used to instruct the mobile network operator to provide cross-layer optimization services for the service flow of the 5GMSd AP.
  • the SLA agreement may also include service identifiers of downlink services that require the mobile network operator to provide cross-layer optimization services.
  • the 5GMSd AP can also determine which service flows require the network operator to provide cross-layer optimization services, and notify the mobile network operator, so S1101 can be regarded as an optional step.
  • the 5GMSd AP and the 5GMSd AF perform mutual legality authentication.
  • the 5GMSd AP creates a service provisioning session.
  • the 5GMSd AP sends third information to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the third information may include one or more of the following: cross-layer optimization instruction information, or service identification.
  • cross-layer optimization instruction information or service identification.
  • service identification For the content and specific implementation of the third information, please refer to the relevant content in S1001 above, which will not be repeated here.
  • the third information may be carried in one or more of the following 5GMS characteristic information elements (information element, IE), such as parameter collection and reporting, dynamic policy adjustment, or other information elements, which are not limited here.
  • IE 5GMS characteristic information elements
  • the 5GMSd AF determines the fourth information according to the third information.
  • the 5GMSd AF generates an SAI according to the fourth information.
  • the content of the fourth information may be carried in the SAI field, and the SAI may be carried in the parameter collection and reporting information element.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends resource configuration information to the 5GMSd AS.
  • the resource configuration information includes interface configuration information, second indication information, and fourth information.
  • the interface configuration information is used to configure the interface of the 5GMSd AS
  • the second indication information is used to instruct the 5GMSd AS to count and report the traffic characteristic statistical results of the service flow of some or all services provided by the 5GMSd AP.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends resource configuration information to the 5GMSd AS through the M3d interface.
  • the 5GMSd AS sends the acknowledgment information and the 5GMSd AS side address to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the positive response information is used to indicate that the resource configuration is successful, and the 5GMSd AS side address, such as an IP address, is used for the 5GMSd AP to inject the content of the downlink service flow to the 5GMSd AS.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends the service provisioning result to the 5GMSd AP.
  • the service activation result includes SAI or SAI index, 5GMSd AS side address, etc.
  • the 5GMSd AP injects service flow content into the 5GMSd AS.
  • the 5GMSd AP sends the data packet of the service flow corresponding to the service identifier to the 5GMSd AS according to the 5GMS AS side address provided by the 5GMSd AF.
  • the 5GMSd AF sends SAI configuration information to the UE.
  • the SAI configuration information may include the SAI or the index of the SAI, which is used to instruct the UE to collect and report the traffic feature statistics results of some or all service flows.
  • the client on the UE side can obtain the corresponding SAI through the M8d interface or the M5d interface.
  • the 5GMS AF sends the SAI to the 5GMSd AP in S1109
  • the 5GMSd AP can add the SAI to the service notification message sent to the 5GMSd application on the UE side, and the 5GMSd application can receive the SAI and forward it to the media session processing.
  • the 5GMSd AP can carry the SAI index in the service notification message sent to the 5GMSd application on the UE side through the M8d interface, and the 5GMSd application can receive the SAI index.
  • the index is forwarded to the media session processing, and then the media session processing obtains the SAI from the 5GMSd AF through the M5d interface based on the SAI index.
  • the 5GMSd AS sends the service flow to the UE.
  • the 5GMSd AS can perform service flow statistics and report during the process of sending service flow data packets to the UE according to the fourth information.
  • the data packets of the service flow can reach the media stream processing (MP) on the UE side along the transmission path of 5GMS AS->UPF->(R)AN->UE for decoding and playback.
  • MP media stream processing
  • the UE sends the traffic characteristic statistics result to the 5GMSd AF.
  • the statistical result of traffic characteristics may be carried in the parameter collection and reporting information element in the SAI.
  • the media session processing may configure media stream processing statistics and report the traffic feature statistics results of the service streams corresponding to the service identifiers.
  • the source device (5GMS AS), the sink device (UE), and the relay device ((R)AN, UPF) of the downlink service flow can all perform traffic characteristic statistics and reporting operations of the service flow, that is, the first
  • the second device may also include an intermediate device, which is not limited here.
  • the 5GMSd AF initiates an AF request to the PCF network element.
  • the AF request may include: a service identifier and a traffic feature statistics result of the service flow of the service corresponding to the service identifier.
  • the PCF adjusts the data transmission policy of the service flow according to the statistical result of the traffic characteristic.
  • the data transmission policy may include updating the PCC rule, adjusting the QoS policy, etc., that is, performing the following S1117-S1118.
  • the PCF initiates a session management policy association update modification process to the SMF.
  • the PCF can send the modified PCC rule, QoS rule, etc. to the SMF, and then the SMF executes the PDU session modification process.
  • the N4 session modification process is used to update the PDR on the UPF side to ensure that 5GS recognizes the characteristics of service traffic and provides differentiated network transmission services for it.
  • the communication method shown in FIG. 11 is also applicable to uplink traffic.
  • the uplink service flow can reach the 5GMSu AS along the transmission path of UE->(R)AN->UPF->5GMSu AS, so as to upload the content of the uplink service flow to the network.
  • the source device (UE), sink device (5GMSu AS), and relay device ((R)AN, UPF) of the uplink service flow can also perform traffic characteristic statistics and reporting operations of the service flow, which is not done here limit.
  • the 5GMSd AF can indicate the source or sink device of the service flow according to the third information provided by the 5GMSd AP, and statistically report the traffic characteristics of the service flow of the service provided by the 5GMSd AS. Afterwards, the 5GMSd AF can send the received statistical results of traffic characteristics to the policy control network element in the operator's network, so that the policy control network element can dynamically adjust the data transmission strategy of the service flow based on the statistical results of the traffic characteristics, so as to serve different services For example, service flows with different priorities provide differentiated data transmission services to ensure the transmission quality of high-priority service flows. For example, in scenarios such as limited network resources and poor channel quality, resources are allocated according to the traffic characteristics of service flows. Pre-scheduling and other processing to improve the service quality of business flows.
  • FIGS. 7-9 can also be implemented in combination with the solution shown in any one of FIGS. 10-11 .
  • the scheme (FIG. 12) that combines the scheme shown in FIG. 7 and the scheme shown in FIG. 10 will be described below as an example.
  • FIG. 12 is a sixth schematic flowchart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication method may be applicable to the communication system shown in any one of FIG. 1-FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 .
  • the application service provider in Figure 12 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1
  • the application function network element in Figure 12 can be the 5GMS AP shown in Figure 1.
  • the first device shown in Figure 12 may be the terminal device shown in Figure 1 or the 5GMS AS.
  • the communication method includes the following steps:
  • the application service provider sends fifth information to the application function network element, and the application function network element receives the fifth information from the application service provider.
  • the fifth information includes the contents of the first information described in S701 and the third information described in S1001.
  • the application function network element determines sixth information according to the fifth information.
  • the sixth information includes the contents of the above-mentioned second information and fourth information.
  • the application function network element sends sixth information to the third device, and the third device receives the sixth information from the application function network element.
  • the third device may be a union of the above-mentioned first device and the second device.
  • the third device is the source device, the following S1204 may be performed:
  • the third device adds identification information to the data packets in the service flow.
  • the third device sends the statistics result of traffic characteristics of the data packets of the specified data type in the service flow to the application function network element, and the application function network element receives the statistics result of traffic characteristics reported by the third device.
  • the third device can perform traffic statistics and reporting operations for some or all data types in the service flow based on the sixth information.
  • the following S1206 may also be performed:
  • the first device sends network requirement information to the application function network element.
  • the network demand information may be determined according to the statistical results and/or identification information of traffic characteristics of different types of data in the service flow.
  • the network demand information and traffic characteristic statistical results may be carried in the same message, such as reporting together in the dynamic policy adjustment request message, or may be reported through different messages, No limitation here.
  • the application function network element can send traffic characteristic statistical results and/or network demand information to the policy control network element, and the policy control network element adjusts the data of different types of data in the service flow based on the traffic characteristic statistical results and/or network demand information A transmission strategy, so as to provide differentiated network transmission services for service flows of different services, and/or different types of data in service flows of the same service.
  • the statistical granularity of the traffic characteristic statistical results involved in the communication method shown in Figure 12 can be accurate to different data types in the service flow, and the policy control network element can provide application service providers and users with More accurate and differentiated network transmission services can also further improve user experience.
  • the policy control network element only adjusts the network transmission policy according to the identification information of different types of data in the service flow, the communication shown in Figure 12 Method According to the identification information of different types of data in the service flow and the statistical results of the traffic characteristics of different types of data in the service flow, the network transmission strategy of different types of data is adjusted, and the factors considered are more comprehensive.
  • the policy control network element can use this as an application Service providers and users provide more timely and differentiated network transmission services, thereby further improving user experience.
  • the statistics of the statistical results of traffic characteristics involved in the communication method shown in Figures 10-11 is business flow
  • the statistics of the statistical results of traffic characteristics involved The granularity can be accurate to different data types in the service flow, and the policy control network element can provide more accurate and differentiated network transmission services for application service providers and users based on this, and can further improve user experience.
  • the service flow 1 provided by the application service provider 1 includes two types of data in total: foreground flow and background flow, then the foreground flow and background flow can also be called subflows of service flow 1, that is, in the embodiment of this application, Substream and data type have the same meaning and can be replaced with each other.
  • the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described in detail above with reference to FIG. 7-FIG. 12 .
  • the communication device for performing the communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 13-FIG. 16 .
  • FIG. 13 is a first schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1300 includes: an acquiring module 1301 and a sending module 1302 .
  • FIG. 13 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 1300 can be applied to the communication system shown in any one of Figures 1-3 and 5, and perform the communication shown in any one of Figures 7-9 or 12 method.
  • the acquiring module 1301 is configured to acquire the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • a sending module 1302, configured to send second information.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the communication device 1300 further includes: a determining module 1303 .
  • the determining module 1303 is configured to determine the second information according to the first information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the sending module 1302 is further configured to perform one or more of the following: sending the second information to the application server; or sending the second information to the terminal device.
  • the acquisition module 1301 may include a receiving function and an analyzing function.
  • the receiving function can also be separately set as a module, such as a receiving module (not shown in FIG. 13 ).
  • the receiving module may also be integrated with the sending module 1302 into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 13 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the transceiver function.
  • parsing function can also be integrated with other processing functions or modules, such as the determination module 1303, into one module, such as a processing module (not shown in Figure 13), which is used to implement other Function.
  • the communication device 1300 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 13 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device 1300 is made to execute the communication method shown in any one of FIGS. 7-9 or 12 .
  • the communication device 1300 may be a network device, such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device including the network device.
  • a network device such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device including the network device.
  • the embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • FIG. 14 is a second schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1400 includes: a processing module 1401 and a receiving module 1402 .
  • FIG. 14 only shows the main components of the communication device.
  • the communication device 1400 is applicable to the communication system shown in any one of Figures 1-3 and 5, and performs the communication shown in any one of Figures 7-9 or 12 method.
  • the receiving module 1402 is configured to receive the second information from the application function network element.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow
  • the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow The type of packet in .
  • the processing module 1401 is configured to add identification information to data packets in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow.
  • the types of data packets in the service flow include one or more of the following: I frame, P frame, or B frame.
  • the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the communication apparatus 1400 may be a terminal device, and the communication apparatus 1400 may further include a sending module 1403 .
  • the sending module 1403 is configured to send the network requirement information to the application function network element.
  • the network demand information is used to determine the network transmission capability required by the first type of data packets in the service flow, and the network transmission capability includes one or more of the following: transmission bandwidth, or transmission delay.
  • the receiving module 1402 and the sending module 1403 may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 14 ).
  • the transceiver module is used to realize the transceiver function.
  • the communication device 1400 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 14 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module 1401 executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device 1400 is made to execute the communication method shown in any one of FIGS. 7-9 .
  • the communication device 1400 may be a terminal device or an application server, or may be a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the terminal device or application server, or may be a
  • the device is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 15 is a third schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1500 includes: a determining module 1501 and a sending module 1502 .
  • FIG. 15 only shows the main components of the communication device 1500 .
  • the communication device 1500 can be applied to the communication system shown in any one of Figures 1-3 and 5, and perform the communication shown in any one of Figures 7-9 or 12 method.
  • the determining module 1501 is configured to determine the first information.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the sending module 1502 is configured to send the first information to the application function network element.
  • the first information is used to determine the second information
  • the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow
  • the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the second information includes identification information.
  • the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: foreground flow or background flow; or, the type of data packets in the service flow includes one or more of the following: I frame, P frame , or B frame; or, the type of the data packet in the service flow includes one or more of the following: enhancement layer, or base layer.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a receiving module (not shown in FIG. 15 ), which is configured to implement a receiving function.
  • the receiving module can also be integrated with the sending module 1502 into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 15 ), which is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the determination module 1501 and other modules with processing functions may also be integrated into one module, such as a processing module (not shown in FIG. 15 ), which may be used to implement functions other than the sending and receiving functions.
  • a processing module not shown in FIG. 15 , which may be used to implement functions other than the sending and receiving functions.
  • the communication device 1500 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 15 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module executes the program or instruction, the communication device 1500 is made to execute the communication method shown in any one of FIGS. 7-9 .
  • the communication device 1500 may be a network device, such as an application service provider, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device that includes the network device.
  • a network device such as an application service provider, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device that includes the network device.
  • the embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • FIG. 16 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • a communication device 1600 includes: a receiving module 1601 and a sending module 1602 .
  • FIG. 16 only shows the main components of the communication device 1600 .
  • the communication device 1600 is applicable to the communication system shown in any one of Figures 1-3, and 5, and executes the communication method shown in any one of Figures 10, 11, or 12 .
  • the receiving module 1601 is configured to receive the third information from the application service provider.
  • the third information is used to indicate traffic characteristics of statistical service flows.
  • a sending module 1602 configured to send fourth information.
  • the fourth information is determined according to the third information, and the fourth information includes one or more of the following: service identification, data amount, data transmission rate, data transmission period, bit error rate, transmission delay, or reporting cycle.
  • the receiving module 1601 is also configured to receive traffic feature statistics results of service flows. Wherein, the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is determined according to the fourth information.
  • the sending module 1602 is also configured to send the statistical result of traffic characteristics to the policy control network element. Wherein, the statistical result of the traffic characteristic is used to adjust the data transmission policy of the service flow.
  • the second device includes one or more of the following: an application server, or a terminal device.
  • the receiving module 1601 and the sending module 1602 may also be integrated into one module, such as a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 16 ), which is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • a transceiver module (not shown in FIG. 16 ), which is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the communication device 1600 may further include a processing module 1603, and the processing module 1603 may be used to implement functions other than the sending and receiving functions.
  • the communication device 1600 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 16 ), where programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • a storage module not shown in FIG. 16
  • programs or instructions are stored in the storage module.
  • the processing module 1603 executes the program or instruction
  • the communication device 1600 is made to execute the communication method shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 .
  • the communication device 1600 may be a network device, such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device or system including the network device , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • a network device such as an application function network element, or a chip (system) or other components or components that may be set in the network device, or a device or system including the network device , which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the technical effect of the communication device 1500 may refer to the technical effect of the communication method shown in any one of FIG. 10 , FIG. 11 , or FIG. 12 , which will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 17 is a fifth schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication device may be a terminal device or a network device, or may be a chip (system) or other components or components that may be provided in the terminal device or the network device.
  • a communication device 1700 may include a processor 1701 .
  • the communication device 1700 may further include a memory 1702 and/or a transceiver 1703 .
  • the processor 1701 is coupled with the memory 1702 and the transceiver 1703, such as may be connected through a communication bus.
  • the components of the communication device 1700 are specifically introduced below in conjunction with FIG. 17 :
  • the processor 1701 is the control center of the communication device 1700, and may be one processor, or may be a general term for multiple processing elements.
  • the processor 1701 is one or more central processing units (central processing unit, CPU), may also be a specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), or is configured to implement one or more An integrated circuit, for example: one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA).
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • An integrated circuit for example: one or more microprocessors (digital signal processor, DSP), or, one or more field programmable gate arrays (field programmable gate array, FPGA).
  • the processor 1701 can execute various functions of the communication device 1700 by running or executing software programs stored in the memory 1702 and calling data stored in the memory 1702 .
  • the processor 1701 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 17 .
  • the communication device 1700 may also include multiple processors, for example, the processor 1701 and the processor 1704 shown in FIG. 17 .
  • processors can be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU).
  • a processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (eg, computer program instructions).
  • the memory 1702 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 1701 .
  • the specific implementation may refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the memory 1702 may be a read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, or a random access memory (random access memory, RAM) that can store information and
  • ROM read-only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • Other types of dynamic storage devices for instructions can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical discs storage, optical disc storage (including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media, or other magnetic storage devices, or capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and any other medium that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to.
  • the memory 1702 can be integrated with the processor 1701 or exist independently, and is coupled with the processor 1701 through an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 17 ) of the communication device 1700 , which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the
  • the transceiver 1703 is used for communication with other communication devices.
  • the communication apparatus 1700 is a terminal device, and the transceiver 1703 may be used to communicate with a network device, or communicate with another terminal device.
  • the communication apparatus 1700 is a network device, and the transceiver 1703 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or communicate with another network device.
  • the transceiver 1703 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not separately shown in FIG. 17 ). Wherein, the receiver is used to realize the receiving function, and the transmitter is used to realize the sending function.
  • the transceiver 1703 may be integrated with the processor 1701, or may exist independently, and be coupled to the processor 1701 through an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 17 ) of the communication device 1700, which is not made in this embodiment of the present application. Specific limits.
  • the structure of the communication device 1700 shown in FIG. 17 does not constitute a limitation to the communication device, and an actual communication device may include more or less components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or Different component arrangements.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides an application service system.
  • the application service system includes: an application service provider and an application function network element.
  • the application service provider is configured to send the first information to the application function network element.
  • the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the application function network element is configured to receive the first information from the application service provider and send the second information.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the second information is used to indicate adding identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow.
  • the application service system may further include: an application server.
  • the application server is used to provide the content of the downlink service flow for the terminal equipment, or receive the content of the uplink service flow from the terminal equipment.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an application service system, and the application service system includes: an application function network element and an application server.
  • the application function network element is configured to send the second information to the application server.
  • the second information is determined according to the first information, the first information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow, the second information is used to indicate to add identification information to the data packet in the service flow, and the identification information is used to indicate the type of the data packet in the service flow The type of packet in .
  • the application server is configured to receive the second information from the application function network element, and add identification information to the data packets in the service flow.
  • the application service system may also include: an application service provider.
  • the application service provider is used to inject the content of the downlink service flow into the application server.
  • the above two application service systems may also be components of a larger communication system.
  • the communication system may further include: one or more terminal devices, and/or one or more core network elements, and/or one or more access network devices, which are not limited here.
  • the processor in the embodiment of the present application may be a central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (digital signal processor, DSP), dedicated integrated Circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically programmable Erases programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • static random access memory static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory Access memory
  • SDRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory double data rate SDRAM, DDR SDRAM
  • enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory enhanced SDRAM, ESDRAM
  • serial link DRAM SLDRAM
  • direct memory bus random access memory direct rambus RAM, DR RAM
  • the above-mentioned embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware, or other arbitrary combinations.
  • the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of computer program products.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instruction or computer program is loaded or executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application will be generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center that includes one or more sets of available media.
  • the available media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media.
  • the semiconductor medium may be a solid state drive.
  • At least one means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items.
  • at least one item (piece) of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple .
  • sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), random access memory (random access memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及装置，可应用于5GMS系统中。该方法包括：应用功能网元可以根据获取到的第一信息，指示源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器，为业务流中的不同类型的数据添加标识信息，以便该业务流传输路径上的各网元，统计并上报该业务流中的不同类型的数据的流量特征。如此，MNO网络中的策略控制网元即可依据该流量特征，动态调整该业务流中的不同类型的数据的传输策略，以确保该业务流的高速率实时传输和高清播放，从而提升用户体验。

Description

通信方法及装置
本申请要求于2021年10月22日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为202111236397.0、申请名称为“通信方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
媒体流业务的快速发展，对通信技术提出了更高的需求，如更大的数据传输带宽、更低的数据传输时延等，以支持媒体流业务的实时高清播放。以下行为例，媒体流业务往往是由应用服务提供商(application service provider，ASP)提供的，而数据传输服务则是由移动网络运营商(mobile network operator，MNO)提供的。换言之，MNO从ASP接收媒体流业务的数据，并向终端设备转发，然后由终端设备播放。
在上述过程中，MNO只是根据网络负载、信道质量等自身需求，调整数据传输策略，并没有考虑媒体业务流中不同数据的传输需求，导致部分数据的传输带宽过小、传输时延过大等问题，无法支持媒体流业务的实时高清播放，从而导致用户体验差。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，可以解决因未考虑业务流中不同数据的传输需求，导致无法支持业务流的实时高清播放的问题，能够提升用户体验。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于应用功能网元。该方法包括：获取第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
基于第一方面至下述第三方面提供的通信方法，应用功能网元可以根据第一信息，指示业务流的源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器，从而为业务流中的不同类型的数据添加标识信息，以便该业务流传输路径上的网元能够识别不同类型的数据，并为不同类型的数据提供不同的网络传输策略，从而为该业务流中的不同类型的数据提供差异化的数据传输服务，以确保该业务流的整体播放效果，如在网络资源充足、信道质量良好等场景下实现该业务流的实时高清播放，而在网络资源受限、信道质量恶劣等场景下确保该业务流的实时流畅播放，从而提升用户体验。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流。或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：独立解码帧(intra-coded frame，简称为I帧)、前向解码帧帧(predicted frame，简称为P帧)、或双向解码帧(bio-directionally predicted frame，简称为B帧)。又或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。又或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：重传包与非重传包。不同类型的数据对于网络传输的需求不同，具体 类型包含并不限于上述几种。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息，一个标识信息用于标识一种类型的数据包的数据类型。例如，前景流的标识信息可以为标识1，背景流的标识信息可以为标识2。可选地，该标识信息还可以表示该具体标识添加的位置，例如，前景流标识1需要添加到IP头部字段中或UDP/TCP头部字段中。
具体地，应用功能网元可以从应用服务提供商实时获取第一信息，也可以从应用功能网元本地的存储空间中读取。其中，应用功能网元本地存储的第一信息，可以是通过输入输出接口预存的，也可以是通过应用功能网元与应用服务提供商之间的接口事先接收并存储的，本申请实施例对于第一信息的获取方式，不做具体限定。
进一步地，第二信息的内容可以与第一信息的内容相同，也可以不同。可选地，当两者内容相同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商已经为业务流中的不同类型的数据分配了对应的标识信息，应用功能网元只需要将应用服务提供商指定的标识信息，发往业务流的源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器即可。
或者，当第二信息和第一信息内容不同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商只是通知应用功能网元：需要为哪些业务中的哪些类型的数据添加标识信息或该业务的哪些类型的数据添加标识信息，而该业务中的各类型数据需要添加的标识信息的具体取值和/或承载位置可以由应用功能网元自行分配。例如，应用功能网元获取的第一信息包括业务流对应的业务的业务标识，以及该业务流中各类型数据的类型信息，则应用功能网元可以根据该类型信息，确定该业务流中每种类型的数据需要添加的标识信息的具体取值，以及标识信息的承载位置。其中，可选地，若应用服务提供商仅提供一种业务，则应用服务提供商无需提供额外的业务标识以表征该业务的业务类型。因此，可选地，第一方面所述的方法还包括：根据第一信息确定第二信息。其中，第一信息可以由应用服务提供商提供。换言之，第二信息的内容可以是应用功能网元根据第一信息自行分配的，以赋予应用功能网元在确定为业务流中的各种类型的数据添加标识信息的过程中的自由度和灵活性，可以避免当不同的应用服务提供商确定第二信息的内容时，可能存在不同业务流中的多种类型的数据对应同一个标识信息的问题，可以有效避免标识信息冲突，从而为业务流中的不同类型的数据提供差异化的数据传输策略，以确保业务流的服务质量。
进一步地，应用功能网元为业务流中的各类型的数据分配标识信息后，可以向应用服务提供商上报分配好的标识信息和应用服务器的地址信息，该地址信息用于应用服务提供商向应用服务器注入业务流内容，该标识信息用于应用服务提供商调整向应用服务器注入业务流内容的数据量。
在获取或确定第二信息后，应用功能网元还可以向源端设备，如应用服务器或终端设备，发送第二信息。可选地，上述发送第二信息，包括如下一项或多项：向应用服务器发送第二信息；或者，向终端设备发送第二信息。其中，对于下行业务流，应用服务器为源端设备，终端设备为宿端设备；对于上行业务流，终端设备为源端设备，应用服务器为宿端设备。
之后，应用功能网元可以基于数据传输速率、传输时延、误码率、数据传输周期、数据量大小等，向核心网中的策略控制网元，如策略控制功能(policy control function， PCF)网元发起策略调整请求，该策略调整请求可以将包含标识信息在内的第二信息发往策略控制网元，以调整该业务流中的各类型数据的传输策略，如增加/减少传输资源、增加/减少传输时延等。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于第一设备。该方法包括：接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
一种可能的设计方案中，第一设备包括终端设备。相应地，第二方面所述的方法还包括：向应用功能网元发送网络需求信息。其中，网络需求信息用于确定业务流中的数据包中第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，该网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、传输时延。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于应用服务提供商。该方法包括：确定第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。向应用功能网元发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于第二信息的确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。又或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：重传包与非重传包。不同类型的数据对于网络传输的需求不同，具体类型包含并不限于上述几种。
第四方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于第一应用服务系统，第一应用服务系统包括应用服务提供商和应用功能网元。该方法包括：应用服务提供商向应用功能网元发送第一信息，应用功能网元接收来自应用服务提供商的第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用功能网元发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
第五方面，提供一种通信方法，应用于第二应用服务系统，第二应用服务系统包括应用功能网元和应用服务器。该方法包括：应用功能网元向应用服务器发送第二信息，应用服务器接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用服务器为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
此外，上述第二方面至第五方面提供的通信方法的技术效果可以参考第一方面提供的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第六方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法应用于应用功能网元，包括：接收来自应用服务提供商的第三信息。其中，第三信息用于指示统计业务流的流量特征。发送第四信息。其中，第四信息根据第三信息确定，第四信息包括如下一项或多项：业务流对应的业务的业务标识、数据量、数据传输速率、数据传输周期、误码率、传输时延、或上报周期。
基于第六方面提供的通信方法，应用功能网元可以根据第三信息，指示业务流的传输路径上的任一设备，如源端设备、宿端设备、或中间设备，统计上报应用服务提供商提供的业务流的流量特征。之后，应用功能网元可以向移动运营商网络中的策略控制网元发送接收到的流量特征，以便策略控制网元基于该流量特征，动态调整该业务流的数据传输策略，如根据业务流的周期性特性进行周期性预调度处理，以确保业务流的高速率实时传输，从而提高业务流的服务质量。
可选地，第六方面提供的方法还包括：接收业务流的流量特征统计结果，并向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果。其中，流量特征统计结果根据第四信息确定，流量特征统计结果用于调整业务流的数据传输策略。其中，流量特征统计结果可以是如下一个或多个设备统计上报的：业务流的源端设备、宿端设备、或中间设备，可以包括如下一项或多项：数据传输率、传输时延、误码率、数据传输周期、数据量大小等。
示例性地，第二设备可以包括如下一项或多项：应用服务器、或终端设备。其中，第二设备可以为源端设备，也可以为宿端设备。具体地，对于下行业务流，应用服务器为源端设备，终端设备为宿端设备；对于上行业务流，终端设备为源端设备，应用服务器为宿端设备。
第七方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：获取模块和发送模块。其中，获取模块，用于获取第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。发送模块，用于发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，第七方面所述的装置还包括：确定模块。其中，确定模块，用于根据第一信息确定第二信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。又或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：重传包与非重传包。不同类型的数据对于网络传输的需求不同，具体类型包含并不限于上述几种。
可选地，发送模块，还用于执行如下一项或多项：向应用服务器发送第二信息；或者，向终端设备发送第二信息。
可选地，上述获取模块可以包括接收功能和解析功能。其中，接收功能也可以设置为一个模块，如接收模块。应理解，接收模块也可以与发送模块集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现收发功能。
进一步地，上述解析功能也可以与其他处理功能集成为一个模块，如处理模块，该处理模块用于实现除收发功能之外的其他功能。
可选地，第七方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置执行第一方面所述的通信方法。
可选地，第七方面所述的通信装置可以是网络设备，如应用功能网元，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
第八方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：接收模块和处理模块。其中，接收模块，用于接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。处理模块，用于为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流。或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧或B帧。或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。又或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：重传包与非重传包。不同类型的数据对于网络传输的需求不同，具体类型包含并不限于上述几种。
一种可能的设计方案中，第八方面提供的通信装置可以为终端设备，该装置还可以包括发送模块。其中，发送模块，用于向应用功能网元发送网络需求信息。其中，网络需求信息用于确定业务流中的数据包中第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、或传输时延。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括接收模块，该接收模块用于实现接收功能。进一步地，接收模块也可以与发送模块集成为一个模块，如收发模块。其中，收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置执行第二方面所述的通信方法。
可选地，第八方面所述的通信装置可以是终端设备或网络设备，也可以是可设置于该终端设备或网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该终端设备或网络设备的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
第九方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：确定模块和发送模块。其中，确定模块，用于确定第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。发送模块，用于向应用功能网元发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于第二信息的确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。又或者，业务流中 的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：重传包与非重传包。不同类型的数据对于网络传输的需求不同，具体类型包含并不限于上述几种。
可选地，第九方面所述的通信装置还可以包括接收模块，该接收模块用于实现接收功能。进一步地，接收模块也可以与发送模块集成为一个模块，如收发模块，该收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，上述确定模块和其他具有处理功能的模块，也可以集成为一个模块，如处理模块，该处理模块可用于实现除收发功能之外的功能。
可选地，第九方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置执行第三方面所述的通信方法。
可选地，第九方面所述的通信装置可以是网络设备，如应用服务提供商，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
此外，上述第七方面至第九方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十方面，提供一种应用服务系统，该系统包括：应用服务提供商和应用功能网元。其中，应用服务提供商，用于向应用功能网元发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用功能网元，用于接收来自应用服务提供商的第一信息，并发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
第十一方面，提供一种应用服务系统，该系统包括：应用功能网元和应用服务器。其中，应用功能网元，用于向应用服务器发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用服务器，用于接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息，并为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
此外，上述第十方面至第十一方面所述的应用服务系统的技术效果可以参考第一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十二方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置包括：接收模块和发送模块。其中，接收模块，用于接收来自应用服务提供商的第三信息。其中，第三信息用于指示统计业务流的流量特征。发送模块，用于发送第四信息。其中，第四信息根据第三信息确定，第四信息包括如下一项或多项：业务流对应的业务的业务标识、数据量、数据传输速率、误码率、传输时延、数据传输周期或上报周期。
可选地，接收模块，还用于接收业务流的流量特征统计结果。其中，流量特征统计结果根据第四信息确定。向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果。其中，流量特征统计结果用于调整业务流的数据传输策略。
示例性地，第二设备包括如下一项或多项：应用服务器、或终端设备。
可选地，接收模块与发送模块也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块，该收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，第十二方面所述的通信装置还可以包括处理模块，该处理模块可用于实 现除收发功能之外的功能。
可选地，第十二方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储模块，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置执行第六方面所述的通信方法。
可选地，第十二方面所述的通信装置可以是网络设备，如应用功能网元，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置或系统，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
此外，第十二方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第六方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十三方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置用于执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法。
应理解，第十三方面所述的通信装置包括实现上述第一方面至第六方面中任一实现方式所述的通信方法相应的模块、单元、或手段(means)，该模块、单元、或手段可以通过硬件实现，软件实现，或者通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个用于执行上述通信方法所涉及的功能的模块或单元。
此外，第十三方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面至第六方面中任一方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十四方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置包括：处理器，该处理器用于执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十四方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收发器可以为收发电路或接口电路。该收发器可以用于第十四方面所述的通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十四方面所述的通信装置还可以包括存储器。该存储器可以与处理器集成在一起，也可以分开设置。该存储器可以用于存储第一方面至第六方面中任一实现方式所述的通信方法所涉及的计算机程序和/或数据。
此外，第十四方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面至第六方面中任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十五方面，提供一种通信装置。该通信装置包括：处理器，该处理器与存储器耦合，该处理器用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得该通信装置执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十五方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收发器可以为收发电路或接口电路。该收发器可以用于第十五方面所述的通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
此外，第十五方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面至第六方面中任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十六方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机程序，当该处理器执行该计算机程序时，以使该通信装置执行第一方面至第六方面中的任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十六方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收 发器可以为收发电路或接口电路。该收发器可以用于第十六方面所述的通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
此外，第十六方面所述的通信装置的技术效果可以参考第一方面至第六方面中任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十七方面，提供了一种通信装置，包括：处理器；所述处理器用于与存储器耦合，并读取存储器中的计算机程序之后，根据该计算机程序执行如第一方面至第六方面中的任意一种实现方式所述的通信方法。
在一种可能的设计方案中，第十七方面所述的通信装置还可以包括收发器。该收发器可以为收发电路或接口电路。该收发器可以用于该通信装置与其他通信装置通信。
上述第十三方面至第十七方面所述的通信装置可以为第一方面至第六方面中涉及的任一设备，如应用功能网元、第一设备、第二设备应用服务提供商等，或者可设置于该任一设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，或者包含该任一设备的装置或系统。
此外，上述第十三方面至第十七方面所述的通信装置的技术效果，可以参考上述第一方面至第六方面所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
第十八方面，提供一种处理器。其中，处理器用于执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
第十九方面，提供一种通信系统。该通信系统包括第十方面所述的应用服务系统，或者第十一方面所述的应用服务系统。
第二十方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机程序或指令；当该计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
第二十一方面，提供一种计算机程序产品，包括计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行第一方面至第六方面中任意一种可能的实现方式所述的通信方法。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图一；
图2为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图二；
图3为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图三；
图4为本申请实施例提供的基于服务化接口的5G系统的架构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图四；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的协议架构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二；
图9为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三；
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图四；
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图五；
图12为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图六；
图13为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图一；
图14为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二；
图15为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三；
图16为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图四；
图17为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图五。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统，车到任意物体(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信系统、设备间(device-todevie，D2D)通信系统、车联网通信系统、第4代(4th generation，4G)移动通信系统，如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统，如新空口(new radio，NR)系统，以及未来的通信系统，如第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统等。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的系统来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个系统可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
另外，在本申请实施例中，“示例地”、“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其它实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用示例的一词旨在以具体方式呈现概念。
本申请实施例中，“信息(information)”，“信号(signal)”，“消息(message)”，“信道(channel)”、“信令(singaling)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。“的(of)”，“相应的(corresponding，relevant)”和“对应的(corresponding)”有时可以混用，应当指出的是，在不强调其区别时，其所要表达的含义是一致的。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图1中示出的通信系统为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信系统。示例性地，图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图一。
图1为针对5G媒体流(5G media streaming，5GMS)业务的5G媒体流架构。
如图1所示，5GMS架构包括但不限于如下一项或多项：终端设备、5GMS应用功能(5GMS application function，5GMS AF)、5GMS应用提供商(5GMS application provider，5GMS AP)，以及5GMS应用服务器(5GMS application server，5GMS AS)。
需要说明的是，上述5GMS应用功能也可以称为5GMS应用功能网元、5GMS应用功能实体等，5GMS应用提供商也可以称为5GMS应用服务提供商(5GMS application service provider，5GMS ASP)、5GMS应用服务提供实体、5GMS应用服务提供网元 等，5GMS应用服务器也可以称为5GMS应用服务实体、5GMS应用服务网元等，本申请实施例对于上述各网络侧功能的名称不予限制。为便于描述，下文中以5GMS应用功能、5GMS应用服务提供商、5GMS应用服务器为例进行阐述。
其中，5GMS应用功能、5GMS应用服务提供商、5GMS应用服务器可以部署在数据网络(data network，DN)中，数据网络是指为终端设备提供数据传输服务的运营商网络或第三方网络，例如，DN可以包括但不限于如下一项或多项：5GMS AF网元、5GMS AS网元和5GMS AP。
可选地，5GMS架构还可以包括但不限于：网络开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)、或策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)等，具体实现可以参考现有方案，如下述图4中所示出的5G架构，此处不再赘述。
其中，终端设备可以包括：5GMS应用(5GMS-aware application)和5GMS客户端(5GMS client)。5GMS应用可以认为是终端设备侧的应用。5GMS应用可称为5GMS应用实体、应用实体、5GMS App、或5GMS应用模块等，5GMS客户端可以称为5GMS终端、5GMS终端实体、5GMS客户端实体、或5GMS客户端模块等。5GMS客户端实体可以包括媒体会话处理(media session handler,MSH)实体、媒体流处理(media stream handler)实体。可选地，对于下行媒体流业务，媒体流处理实体也可以称为媒体播放器(media player，MP)，对于上行媒体流业务，媒体流处理实体也可以成为媒体流(media streamer,MS)。为便于描述，下文中以5GMS应用、5GMS客户端、媒体会话处理、媒体流处理为例进行阐述。
5GMS应用与媒体流处理可通过应用编程接口(application programming interface,API)(例如M7接口)进行通信，媒体流处理与媒体会话处理可通过应用编程接口(例如M7接口和M6接口)进行通信，媒体会话处理与5GMS应用可通过应用编程接口(例如M6接口)进行通信。
媒体会话处理与5GMS AF之间可通过应用编程接口(例如M5接口)进行交互，从而实现媒体会话的创建、控制与传输。
媒体流处理与5GMS AS之间可通过应用编程接口(例如M4接口)进行媒体流传输、编解码与播放(针对下行业务)，并为上层的5GMS应用与媒体会话处理提供应用编程接口(例如M6接口和M7接口)，以实现媒体流的播放与媒体流会话控制。
其中，NEF网元与PCF网元是5G架构(如图4所示)中的网元。5GMS AF网元可通过应用编程接口(例如N33接口、N5接口)实现与5G网络的交互。关于图4中所示出的5G架构中的其他网元或设备，请参考现有实现方式，本申请实施例不再赘述。
5GMS应用服务提供商主要是终端设备的5GMS应用的内容提供服务器。5GMS应用服务提供商以及5GMS应用可以是由应用服务厂商自行部署的。5GMS应用服务提供商与5GMS应用之间可以通过应用编程接口(例如M8接口)与终端设备通信。
5GMS AF与5GMS AS之间可通过应用编程接口(例如M3接口)通信，当5GMS AF与5GMS AS在外部非信任区域时，该应用编程接口取决于第三方提供商。其中，5GMS AF自身也是3GPP所定义AF的一种，旨在实现5GMS应用服务提供商与3GPP网络之间的信息交互，如能力开放或参数提供等，该5GMS AF是专属媒体流业务的 AF。5GMS AS可以是移动网络运营商(mobile network operator，MNO)部署与管控，也可以是外部第三方应用服务提供商部署与管控，作为一个媒体流应用服务器，其功能类似于一个内容分发网络服务器(content delivery network,CDN)。
本申请实施例中的终端设备可以为具有无线收发功能的终端或可设置于该终端的芯片或芯片系统。该终端设备也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、用户装置、接入终端、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台(mobile station，MS)、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、终端单元、终端站、终端装置、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。
例如，本申请的实施例中的终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、无线数据卡、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)电脑、膝上型电脑(laptop computer)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、机器类型通信(machine type communication，MTC)终端、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、物联网(internet of things，IoT)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端(例如游戏机、智能电视、智能音箱、智能冰箱和健身器材等)、车载终端、具有终端功能的RSU。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话(cellular phone)、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备(handset)、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、可穿戴设备等。
又例如，本申请实施例中的终端设备可以是智慧物流中的快递终端(例如可监控货物车辆位置的设备、可监控货物温湿度的设备等)、智慧农业中的无线终端(例如可收集禽畜的相关数据的可穿戴设备等)、智慧建筑中的无线终端(例如智慧电梯、消防监测设备、以及智能电表等)、智能医疗中的无线终端(例如可监测人或动物的生理状态的可穿戴设备)、智能交通中的无线终端(例如智能公交车、智能车辆、共享单车、充电桩监测设备、智能红绿灯、以及智能监控以及智能停车设备等)、智能零售中的无线终端(例如自动售货机、自助结账机、以及无人便利店等)。又例如，本申请的终端设备可以是作为一个或多个部件或者单元而内置于车辆的车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元，车辆通过内置的所述车载模块、车载模组、车载部件、车载芯片或者车载单元可以实施本申请提供的方法。
图2为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图二。图2为面向下行媒体流业务的5G媒体流架构，可应用于终端设备通过直播或点播的方式选择某一个媒体流进行播放的场景。
如图2所示，终端设备侧的5GMS客户端包括媒体会话处理和媒体流处理。例如，媒体会话处理可支持但不限于如下一个或多个子模块功能：核心功能(core function)、参数收集与上报(metrics collection and reporting)、用量收集与上报(consumption collection and reporting)、或网络辅助(network assistance)与服务质量(quality of service， QoS)调整。
其中，核心功能子模块可实现媒体流会话的建立、管理、控制的核心功能。参数收集与上报子模块可对终端设备侧进行参数收集与上报配置，从而实现终端设备侧参数收集与上报。用量收集与上报子模块可对终端设备侧媒体流业务的用量信息进行收集配置，并根据配置信息上报至5GMS AF侧。网络辅助与QoS调整子模块可通过5GMS AF与网络交互、或者直接与(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)交互，向网络侧请求对应的策略调整(如QoS调整)以及网络辅助。
例如，媒体流处理可作为一个媒体访问终端设备，如超文本传输协议动态自适应流媒(dynamic adaptive streaming over hypertext transfer protocol，DASH)终端设备，可支持但不限于如下一个或多个子模块功能：媒体数据解密、用量策略与日志记录、数字版权管理(digital rights management,DRM)客户端、媒体数据解码、或媒体显示与渲染。
示例性地，5GMS应用服务提供商可以创建业务开通(service provisioning)会话，将相关的特性，如参数收集与上报特性发送给5GMS AF。5GMS AF根据5GMS应用服务提供商发送的特性信息，确定服务访问信息(service access information，SAI)，并将该SAI或者其索引信息返回给5GMS应用服务提供商。当终端设备开始媒体流业务时，终端设备会通过M8或M5接口获取该SAI，并根据该SAI中的特性进行配置与执行，如5GMS终端设备会根据获取到的SAI中的相应子功能配置特性。
以参数收集特性为例，当5GMS客户端获取SAI后，根据SAI中的配置信息配置媒体流处理进行参数收集，获得参数收集信息，配置媒体流处理根据配置中的上报周期将参数收集信息发往媒体会话处理，媒体会话处理将参数收集信息通过M5接口发送给5GMS AF，从而完成终端设备侧的参数收集。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的5GMS网元可以为5GMSd(5G media streaming download，5GMSd)网元，针对下行媒体流业务。
图3为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图三。图3为面向上行媒体流业务的5G媒体流架构，可应用于终端设备上传媒体流业务至应用服务器，或者通过5GMS网络向另一终端设备分享媒体流业务的场景。
参考图2，如图3所示，终端设备侧的5GMS客户端中包括媒体会话处理和媒体流处理。例如，媒体会话处理可支持但不限于如下一个或多个子模块功能：核心功能、远程控制(remote control)、参数收集与上报(metrics collection and reporting)、或网络辅助(network assistance)。
其中，远程控制功能仅针对上行业务，是指终端设备侧的媒体会话处理受到远端5GMSu AF的远程控制。媒体会话处理内的其他子模块的相关内容，请参见图2中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
此外，媒体流处理可支持但不限于如下一个或多个子模块功能：媒体捕获(media capturing)、媒体编码(media encoder(s))、参数测量与日志(metrics measurement&logging)、或上行媒体流客户端(media upstream client)。
其中，媒体捕获子模块可实现捕获音视频的核心功能，用于生成媒体流。
示例性地，5GMS应用服务提供商可以创建业务开通(service provisioning)会话， 将相关的特性，如参数收集与上报特性发送给5GMS AF。5GMS AF根据5GMS应用服务提供商发送的特性信息，确定服务访问信息(service access information，SAI)，并将该SAI或者其索引信息返回给5GMS应用服务提供商。当终端设备开始媒体流业务时，终端设备会通过M8或M5接口获取该SAI，并根据该SAI中的特性进行配置与执行，如5GMS终端设备会根据获取到的SAI中的相应子功能配置特性。
以参数测量与日志特性为例，当5GMS客户端获取SAI后，根据SAI中的配置信息配置媒体流处理进行参数测量，以获得参数测量信息，如媒体业务的用户体验信息(quality of experience,QoE)，并配置媒体流处理根据配置中的上报周期将参数测量信息发往媒体会话处理，媒体会话处理将参数测量信息通过M5接口发送给5GMS AF，从而完成终端设备侧的参数测量与上报。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的5GMS网元可以为5GMSu(5G media streaming upload，5GMSu)网元，针对上行媒体流业务。
本领域技术人员应理解，图2中所示出的下行媒体流业务和图3中所示出的上行媒体流业务也可能同时发生，例如在线高清游戏、远程高清视频通话等。在此场景下，图2中所示出的5GMSd网元和图3中所示出的5GMSu网元也可以统称为图1中所示出的5GMS网元，图2中所示出的下行接口和图3中所示出的上行接口也可以统称为5GMS接口。例如，5GMSd AF和5GMSu AF也可以统称为图1中所示出的5GMS AF，M5d接口和M5u接口可以统称为M5接口。
此外，图1-图3中所示出的执行不同功能的网元可以独立部署，也可以部署在一起，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。例如，5GMS AF和5GMS AS可以为2个独立设备，也可以集成在一个设备中。当5GMS AF和5GMS AS集成为一个设备时，图1-图3中所示出的M3接口为该一个设备的内部接口。
图4为本申请实施例提供的基于服务化接口的5G系统的架构示意图。如图4所示，5G系统可以包括：鉴权服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)网元、接入和移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)网元、数据网络(data network，DN)、统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)网元、PCF网元、(无线)接入网((radio)access network，(R)AN)网元、用户面功能(user plane function,UPF)网元、用户设备(user equipment，UE)(也可称为终端设备)、应用功能(application function，AF)网元、会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)网元、网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)网元、NEF网元、网络存储功能(network repository function，NRF)网元。
为方便描述，在下文中将(R)AN网元、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元、PCF网元等分别通过RAN、AMF、SMF、UDM、UPF、PCF等指代。
5G系统分为接入网和核心网两部分。接入网用于实现无线接入有关的功能，主要包括RAN。核心网用于网络业务的控制、数据的传输等，核心网由多个网元组成，主要包括：AMF、SMF、UPF、PCF、UDM等。
图4中部分网元的功能如下：
AMF，主要负责信令处理部分，例如，管理用户注册、可达性检测、SMF的选择、移动状态转换管理等。
SMF，主要负责终端会话管理的所有控制面功能，包括控制会话的建立、修改和删除，用户面节点的选择等。
UPF，作为协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话连接的锚定点，负责数据包路由和转发、移动性锚点、作为上行分类器来支持路由业务流到数据网络。UPF还可以作为分支点来支持多归属PDU会话等。
PCF，可作为策略决策点，负责提供基于业务数据流和应用检测、门控、QoS和基于流的计费控制等规则。
UDM，可用于存储用户签约数据。
AUSF，可提供鉴权服务。
AF，可以与应用服务器共部署，其可以属于运营商，也可以属于第三方。主要支持与3GPP核心网交互来提供服务，来影响数据路由决策、策略控制、或者接入网能力开放等。
NEF，安全地开放由3GPP网络功能提供的服务和能力，如第三方、边缘计算、AF等。
NRF，一种网元属性、网元状态、网络拓扑关系等信息的存储网元，其具备网元发现功能、网元管理功能。
DN，可负责提供运营商服务，互联网接入或者第三方服务。
NWDAF，具备以下至少一种功能：数据收集功能、数据分析功能。例如，可提供基于大数据和人工智能等技术的网络数据采集和分析功能。
RAN，由一个或多个接入网设备(也可以称为RAN节点或网络设备)组成的网络，实现无线物理层功能、资源调度和无线资源管理、无线接入控制以及移动性管理功能，服务质量管理，数据压缩和加密等功能。接入网设备通过用户面接口N3和UPF相连，用于传送终端的数据。接入网设备通过控制面接口N2和AMF建立控制面信令连接，用于实现无线接入承载控制等功能。
接入网设备，为具有无线收发功能的设备或可设置于该设备的芯片或芯片系统。该接入网设备包括但不限于：无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wi-Fi)系统中的接入点(access point，AP)，如家庭网关、路由器、服务器、交换机、网桥等，演进型节点B(evolved Node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)，无线中继节点、无线回传节点、传输点(transmission and reception point，TRP或者transmission point，TP)等，还可以为5G，如，新空口(new radio，NR)系统中的gNB，或，传输点(TRP或TP)，5G系统中的基站的一个或一组(包括多个天线面板)天线面板，或者，还可以为构成gNB或传输点的网络节点，如基带单元(BBU)，或，分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)、具有基站功能的路边单元(road side unit，RSU)等。
可以理解的是，除图4所示功能网元之外，5G网络的网络架构还可以包括其他功能网元。例如，统一数据存储(unified data repository，UDR)、非结构化数据存储功能(unstructured data storage function，UDSF)等。
图5为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的架构示意图四。图4为图1中所示出的5GMS架构与图4中所示出的5G网络架构相结合的一个示例。其中，DN(5GMS AP、5GMS AF、5GMS AS)可能是由第三方提供的，而数据传输服务是由MNO部署的5G网络提供的。具体地，图1中所示出的M4接口的功能，可以由5G网络中的(R)AN、用户面功能(user plain function，UPF)网元，以及UE与(R)AN之间的Uu接口、(R)AN与UPF网元之间的N3接口，以及UPF网元与DN之间的N6接口来实现。
下面结合图6中所示出的网络协议层架构进行说明。以M4接口为例，M4接口位于图6中所示出的应用(application)层，而终端设备、(R)AN、UPF网元等5G系统(5G system，5GS)中的设备或网元位于图6中所示出的网络(network)层。其中，应用层位于网络层的上层，且两者之间还间隔有表示(presentation)层、会话(session)层和传输(transport)层，而应用层、表示层、会话层、传输层对于5GS而言是透明(transparent)的，即5GS无法获知应用层中的详细信息，如5GMS媒体流包含何种类型的数据。换言之，在现有方案中，5GMS媒体流的数据传输策略，如(policy control&charging，PCC)规则、QoS控制策略等，通常是由MNO基于自身需求，如网络负载、信道质量、用户容量等自行确定的，没有考虑5GMS媒体流中不同数据的传输需求，从而导致部分数据的传输带宽过小、传输时延过大等问题，无法支持媒体流业务的实时高清播放，从而导致用户体验差。
而在本申请中，应用功能网元可以根据第一信息(可以由ASP提供)，指示业务流的源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器，为应用服务提供商提供的业务流中的不同类型的数据添加标识信息，从而为5GS识别并针对该业务流中的不同类型数据提供差异化的策略提供了一种有效的技术手段。之后，应用功能网元可以向核心网中的策略控制网元发送包含该标识信息的业务流描述信息，以便策略控制网元可以基于该包含标识信息的业务流描述信息，识别该业务流中的不同数据类型，动态调整该业务流中各类型的数据的数据传输策略，从而为该业务流中的不同类型的数据提供差异化的数据传输服务，以确保该业务流的整体播放效果，从而提升用户体验。例如，可以在网络资源充足、信道质量良好等场景下实现该业务流的实时高清播放，而在网络资源受限、信道质量恶劣等场景下确保该业务流的实时流畅播放。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例提供的通信方法，可以适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项中所示出的终端设备、5GMS AF、5GMS AS、5GMS AP中的任意两个节点之间执行，具体实现可以参考下述方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
下面将结合图7-图11对本申请实施例提供的通信方法进行具体阐述。
示例性地，图7为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图一。该通信方法可以适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中。以图1所示出的通信系统为例，图7中的应用服务提供商可以为图1中所示出的5GMS AP，图7中的应用功能网元可以为图1中所示出的5GMS AF，图7中所示出的第一设备可以为图1中所示出的终端设备或5GMS AS。
如图7所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S701，应用功能网元获取第一信息。
例如，应用功能网元获取第一信息的方式可以包括：应用功能网元接收来自应用 服务提供商的第一信息，相应的，应用服务提供商向应用功能网元发送第一信息；或者，应用功能网元从本地获取第一信息。其中，应用功能网元本地存储的第一信息，可以是通过输入输出接口输入的，也可以是通过应用功能网元与应用服务提供商之间的接口事先接收并存储的，还可以是预配置的，本申请实施例对于第一信息的来源，不做具体限定。
其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
示例性地，依据不同的应用服务提供商对各自提供的业务流中不同数据的分类标准，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流。具体地，在VR或AR等业务中，业务层会考虑使用视角区域的编码方式，即将当前用户所面向的视角范围内的媒体作为前景流进行独立编码与传输，而且其他区域或完整的三维空间的媒体独立编码为背景流进行传输。比如，将用户当前视角范围内的画面编码为超高清画质进行传输，而将其他视角范围或所有视角范围的画面编码为低清画质进行传输，从而避免全景超高清媒体传输给网络带来的压力。
或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：独立解码帧(intra-coded frame，I帧)、前向解码帧(predicted frame，P帧)、或双向解码帧(bio-directional predicted frame,B帧)。具体地，I帧作为独立解码帧是可以根据当前帧的数据进行独立解码显示，终端设备接收到I帧后即可进行解码，其他的帧需要参考I帧才能进行解码。例如，P帧需要结合P帧之前的其他帧(如前一帧)的解码结果才能完成解码显示，B帧则需要参考B帧前后各至少一个帧(如前一帧+后一帧)进行解码，这意味着B帧对于其他帧的依赖性更强。也就是说，P帧和B帧均不能独立解码，需要参考其他帧的解码结果方能解码。
或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：基础层、或增强层。具体地，在媒体编码过程中若采用分层编码机制，如扩展编码方式(scalable video coding,SVC),编码后的媒体流会分为一个基础层，以及一个或多个增强层，其中基础层的媒体流可以进行独立解码显示；而增强层的媒体流则是无法进行独立解码显示，必须参考基础层的媒体流进行解码与显示。应理解，业务流中不同数据的分类方法，还可以采用其他分类标准，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
可选地，第一信息可以包括如下一项或多项：业务的业务标识、该业务的业务流中一种或多种数据类型的类型信息。该业务的业务标识是指用于确定该业务的业务流描述信息，如IP五元组信息等，或者IP层、传输层以及应用层中的一个或多个特征信息。
以应用服务提供商1提供的业务1的业务流1包括前景流和背景流这两种数据类型为例，第一信息可以包括如下一项或多项：业务1的业务标识1、前景流的类型信息、或背景流的类型信息。例如，业务流中数据的类型信息可以由应用功能网元或者应用服务提供商分配。下面结合方案1和方案2具体说明。
方案1，第一信息包括业务1的业务标识1和数据类型信息，但是该数据类型信息对应类型的数据在网络传输过程中的标识信息的具体取值、标识信息的承载位置等具体实现方案，可以由应用功能网元自行确定。其中，标识信息的具体取值可以为字符串或数值，标识信息的承载位置是指数据包的封装信息中用于承载标识信息的信元 (information element，IE)或字段(field)的名称。例如，第一信息包括业务标识1和前景流的类型信息。此时，前景流的标识信息的具体取值和承载位置，可以由应用功能网元确定，以赋予应用功能网元更大的自由度和灵活性，可以避免当不同的应用服务提供商为各自提供的业务流分配各类型数据的标识时，可能存在分属于不同业务流的不同类型的数据包的标识的取值相同的问题，可以有效避免标识信息冲突。其中，可选地，当应用服务提供商仅提供一种业务时，可不提供该业务的业务标识，本文中其余地方不再赘述。
以上述业务1的业务流1和业务2的业务流2为例进行说明。其中，业务2由应用服务提供商2提供，且业务流2包括I帧和P帧。假定应用服务提供商1为业务流1中的前景流和背景流分配的标识依次为标识1和标识2，应用服务提供商2为业务流2中的I帧和P帧分配的标识依次为标识3和标识4，则可能存在标识1和标识2中的一个的取值，与标识3和标识4中的一个的相同的情况，如标识1与标识3相同，从而引发不同类型数据的标识信息的冲突问题。
方案2，除业务标识和数据类型信息外，第一信息还可以包括如下一项或多项：该数据类型信息对应的标识信息的取值、或承载位置。此时，可以理解为应用服务提供商不仅指示应用功能网元为哪些业务的业务流中的哪些类型的数据添加标识信息，还指定了标识信息的取值和/或承载位置。
方案2与方案1的区别在于：方案2中，前景流和背景流的标识信息的取值和承载位置是由应用功能网元分配的，而在方案1中，前景流和背景流的标识信息的取值和承载位置是由应用服务提供商分配的。
可选地，第一信息还可以包括跨层优化指示信息，该指示信息用于指示应用功能网元进行业务流的标识处理操作。
本申请实施例中，指示为哪些业务的业务流中的哪些数据类型的数据包执行添加标识操作，可以采用显式方式实现，如第一信息包括跨层优化指示信息的方案；也可以采用隐式方式实现，如第一信息包括业务的业务流中的部分或全部数据类型的数据类型信息，且不包括跨层优化指示信息的方案，本申请实施例对此不做限制。换言之，对于隐式指示方案，只要第一信息中包括业务标识和数据类型信息，即可默认需要对该业务标识对应的业务的业务流中的指定数据类型的数据包添加标识信息，具体方案可以由应用功能网元根据实际需求确定。
请参考图1，应用服务提供商和应用功能网元可以通过M1接口传输第一信息。
可选地，在执行S701之前，图7中所示出的方法还包括：应用服务提供商确定第一信息。示例性地，应用服务提供商可以从自己提供的所有业务中，选择哪些业务的业务流需要执行标识添加操作，以及哪些数据类型的数据包需要执行标识添加操作，从而生成第一信息的内容。
可选地，在执行S701之前，图7中所示出的方法还包括：应用服务提供商与移动网络运营商可以就哪些业务的业务流中的哪些数据类型的数据需要执行标识添加操作达成一致。具体的，可以采用线上方式执行，也可以采用线下方式执行，并将达成的结论，如服务等级协定(service level agreement，SLA)协定，以计算机可读文件或配置信息的方式，存入应用服务提供商或应用功能网元的本地存储中备用。其中，SLA 协定的内容包括上述第一信息的部分或全部内容。
S702，应用功能网元根据第一信息，确定第二信息。
其中，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
具体地，第二信息包括标识信息，一个标识信息用于标识数据包的数据类型。例如，前景流的标识信息可以为标识1，背景流的标识信息可以为标识2。
另外，第二信息还可以包含标识信息的承载位置，如标识信息可以添加在互联网协议版本4(internet protocole version 4，IPv4)、互联网协议版本6(internet protocole version 6，IPv6)、传输控制协议(transmission control protocol，TCP)、或用户数据报协议(user datagram protocol，UDP)等协议层头部字段中。
进一步地，第二信息的内容可以与第一信息的内容相同，也可以不同。可选地，当两者内容相同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商已经为业务流中的不同类型的数据分配了对应的标识信息，应用功能网元只需要将应用服务提供商指定的标识信息，发往业务流的源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器即可。
或者，当第二信息和第一信息内容不同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商只是通知应用功能网元：需要为哪些业务的业务流中的哪些类型的数据添加标识信息，而各类型数据需要添加的标识信息的取值和/或承载位置，可以由应用功能网元自行分配。换言之，第一信息可以由应用服务提供商提供，第二信息的内容可以是应用功能网元根据第一信息自行分配的，以赋予应用功能网元在确定为业务流中的各种类型的数据添加标识信息的过程中的自由度和灵活性，可以避免当不同的应用服务提供商确定第二信息的内容时，可能存在不同业务流中的多种类型的数据对应同一个标识信息的问题，从而有效避免标识信息冲突，确保业务流的服务质量。
进一步地，应用功能网元为业务流中的各类型的数据分配标识信息后，可以向应用服务提供商上报应用服务器的地址信息，如应用服务器的IP地址。其中，该地址信息用于应用服务提供商向应用服务器注入下行业务流的内容，或者用于接收来自终端设备的上行业务流的内容。可选的，应用功能网元可以向应用提供商上报分配好的标识信息，应用提供商将该标识信息发往终端设备，以实现上行业务流的标识信息添加。
需要说明的是，S701-S702可以在业务开通会话(service provisioning session)流程中执行，具体实现可以参考下述图8或图9中所示出的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
S703，应用功能网元向第一设备发送第二信息，第一设备接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息。
其中，第一设备为源端设备，可以包括如下一项或多项：终端设备、或应用服务器。其中，对于下行业务流，应用服务器为源端设备；对于上行业务流，终端设备为源端设备。
请参考图1，应用功能网元向应用服务器发送第二信息，可以具体实现为：应用功能网元通过M3接口，向应用服务器发送第二信息。
具体地，终端设备可以通过如下方式之一，获取第二信息的内容：
方式1，终端设备通过M8接口，接收来自应用服务提供商的第二信息。
具体地，若应用功能网元已通过M1接口将第二信息上报给应用服务提供商，如 将第二信息封装在业务辅助信息(service assistance information，SAI)中上报，则应用服务提供商可以将SAI封装在M8接口的业务通知(service announcement)消息中发往终端设备。
或者，若应用功能网元已通过M1接口将第二信息的索引，如SAI的索引上报给应用服务提供商，则终端设备还可以通过如下方式2获取第二信息：
方式2，终端设备通过M8接口的业务通知消息，从应用服务提供商获取第二信息的索引，如SAI的索引，再根据该索引，通过M5接口从应用功能网元获取第二信息的内容。
S704，第一设备为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
第一设备，即业务流的源端设备，可以基于第二信息为业务流中的部分或全部类型的数据添加标识信息。
例如，第一设备为终端设备，则该终端设备可以基于第二信息，为上行业务流中的部分或全部数据类型的数据包添加标识信息。
又例如，第一设备为应用服务器，则该应用服务器可以基于第二信息，为下行业务流中的部分或全部数据类型的数据包添加标识信息。
基于上述S701-S704所述的通信方法，应用功能网元可以根据第一信息，指示业务流的源端设备，如终端设备或应用服务器，为业务流中的不同类型的数据添加标识信息，以便该业务流传输路径上的网元能够识别不同类型的数据，并为不同类型的数据提供不同的网络传输策略，从而为该业务流中的不同类型的数据提供差异化的数据传输服务，以确保该业务流的整体播放效果，如在网络资源充足、信道质量良好等场景下实现该业务流的实时高清播放，而在网络资源受限、信道质量恶劣等场景下确保该业务流的实时流畅播放，从而提升用户体验。
可选地，若第一设备为终端设备，还可以执行下述S705：
S705，第一设备向应用功能网元发送网络需求信息。
其中，网络需求信息用于确定业务流中的数据包中第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，该网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、或传输时延。第一类型为该业务流中的一种或多种数据类型。
网络需求信息可以承载于动态策略调整请求消息中。换言之，终端设备可以主动向应用功能网元发起动态策略调整请求消息，该请求消息中携带有终端设备期望得到的数据传输服务所能达到的质量要求。
需要说明的是，无论是下行业务流，还是上行业务流，均可以由终端设备发起数据传输策略调整请求。相应地，网络可以根据数据传输策略调整请求，实时调整数据传输策略，以提供更贴近用户需求的数据传输服务，从而提升用户体验。进一步的，不同用户、不同业务、同一业务的不同类型数据包的传输需求往往不同，从而实现为不同用户、不同业务、或同一业务内不同类型数据提供差异化的数据传输服务。
下面结合图8和图9中所示出的2个示例，详细说明图7中所示出的通信方法在下行场景和上行场景中的具体实现。
图8为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图二。其中，图7中的应用服务 提供商可以为图8中所示出的5GMSd AP，图7中的应用功能网元可以为图8中所示出的5GMSd AF，图7中所示出的第一设备可以为图8中所示出的5GMSd AS。其中，5GMSd AS为下行业务流的源端设备，UE为下行业务流的宿端设备。
如图8所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S801，可选地，应用服务提供商与网络运营商交互，执行SLA协商流程。
其中，协商好的SLA协定中包含跨层优化指示信息，该指示信息用于指示移动网络运营商对应用服务提供商的业务流提供跨层优化服务。
可选地，SLA协定中还可以包含需要移动网络运营商提供跨层优化服务的业务的业务标识。
本领域技术人员应当理解，当SLA协定中不包含业务的业务标识时，可以理解为该应用服务提供商提供的所有业务的业务流，均需要移动网络运营商提供跨层优化服务。
可选地，应用服务提供商也可以自行确定哪些业务需要网络运营商提供跨层优化服务，并通知移动网络运营商，因此S801可以视为可选步骤。
之后，即可执行业务开通会话流程，具体包括如下S802-S809：
S802，5GMSd应用服务提供商与5GMSd AF进行合法性认证。
具体地,由5GMSd AF对5GMSd AP进行认证与授权，以确保5GMSd AP具有合法调用5GMSd AF API接口的能力。具体实现可以参考现有实现方案，此处不再赘述。
S803，5GMSd AP创建业务开通会话。
具体地，对5GMSd AF以及5GMSd AS进行配置，该配置包含该业务的多项流媒体子功能，如参数测量与收集、动态测量调整等。
S804，5GMSd AP向5GMSd AF发送第一信息。
关于第一信息的内容和具体实现方式，请参考上述S701中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
具体地，第一信息可以承载在如下一项或多项5GMSd特性信元(information element，IE)或字段(field)中，如参数收集与上报、动态策略调整等，此处不予限制。
S805，5GMSd AF根据第一信息确定第二信息。
具体实现可以参考上述S702中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
S806，5GMSd AF根据第二信息生成SAI。
具体地，可以将第二信息的内容承载在SAI的字段中，并将SAI承载于动态策略特性内的业务数据流(service data flow，SDF)信元中。
S807，5GMSd AF向5GMSd AS发送资源配置信息。
其中，该资源配置信息包括接口配置信息、第一指示信息和第二信息。其中，接口配置信息用于配置5GMSd AS的接口，包含M2接口与M4接口。
可选的，该接口配置信息中可以显式地包含第一指示信息，第一指示信息用于指示5GMSd AS对业务流中的部分或全部类型的数据添加标识信息。该业务流中的一种或多种类型的数据的标识信息也可用于隐式地指示5GMSd AS对业务流中的部分或全部类型的数据添加标识信息。
具体地，5GMSd AF通过M3d接口，向5GMSd AS发送资源配置信息。
S808，5GMSd AS向5GMSd AF发送肯定应答信息和5GMSd AS侧地址。
其中，肯定应答信息用于指示资源配置成功，5GMSd AS侧M2接口地址，如互联网(internet protocol，IP)地址，用于5GMSd AP向5GMSd AS注入业务流内容。
S809，5GMSd AF向5GMSd AP发送业务开通结果。
其中，业务开通结果包括SAI的内容或SAI的索引、5GMSd AS侧地址等。
S810，5GMSd AP向5GMSd AS注入业务流内容。
具体地，5GMSd AP根据5GMSd AF提供的AS侧地址，向5GMSd AS发送业务流的数据包。
S811，5GMSd AF向UE发送SAI配置信息。
具体地，当UE侧的业务流开始后，UE侧的客户端可以通过M8d接口或M5d接口获取SAI的内容。例如，若5GMS AF在S809将SAI发往了5GMSd AP，5GMSd AP可以通过M8d接口，在发往UE侧的5GMSd应用的业务通知(service announcement)消息中添加SAI，5GMSd应用可以接收SAI，并向媒体会话处理转发。
又例如，若5GMS AF在S809将SAI索引发往了5GMSd AP，5GMSd AP可以通过M8d接口，在发往UE侧的5GMSd应用的业务通知消息中携带SAI的索引，5GMSd应用可以接收该SAI的索引，并向媒体会话处理转发，之后媒体会话处理再基于该SAI的索引，通过M5d接口从5GMSd AF获取SAI。
S812，启动业务流。
具体地，即UE侧该流媒体应用被启动，用户开始媒体流业务。
S813，5GMSd AS向终端设备发送业务流的数据包。
具体地，5GMSd AS根据第二信息，向终端设备发送业务流的数据包。其中，部分或全部类型的数据包携带有标识信息，该标识信息的取值根据第二信息确定，且不同类型的数据包携带的标识信息不同。
具体地，该业务流中的各种类型的数据包，可以沿着5GMSd AS->UPF->(R)AN->UE的传输路径到达UE侧的媒体流处理，以进行解码与播放。
S814，UE向5GMSd AF发送网络需求信息。
关于网络需求信息的具体实现，可以参上述S705中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
可选地，网络需求信息可以承载于SAI中的动态策略配置信息中。例如，动态策略配置信息携带有可用于检测对应标识信息的SDF，并发往5GMSd AF侧，以便5GMSd AF请求核心网对业务流中部分或全部类型的数据执行QoS控制与传输策略调整，即执行下述S815。
S815，5GMSd AF向PCF网元发起AF请求。
其中，AF请求(AF Request)可以包括：业务流的流描述信息和S813中接收到的网络需求信息。其中，流描述信息可以包括：该业务流的数据包过滤信息(如IP五元组、应用标识等)、该业务的业务流中的部分或全部类型的数据的标识信息，网络需求信息与该标识信息对应，以便PCF网元针对性地调整部分或全部类型的数据的传输策略。
具体地，应用功能网元可以通过N5接口，向策略控制网元发送业务流的流描述 信息和S813中接收到的网络需求信息。或者，应用功能网元也可以通过N33接口，向网络开放功能网元(network exposure function，NEF)发送，NEF再向策略控制网元转发该业务流的流描述信息和S813中接收到的网络需求信息。
S816，PCF根据网络需求信息调整业务流中各类型数据的传输策略。
其中，数据传输策略可以包括更新的PCC规则，或者调整后的QoS策略等。
S817，PCF向SMF发起会话管理策略关联更新修改流程。
具体地，PCF可以向SMF发送修改后的PCC规则，然后由SMF执行对应的PDU会话修改流程。
S818，SMF与UPF执行N4会话修改流程。
其中，N4会话修改流程用于更新UPF侧的分组数据检测规则(packet detection rule，PDR，又称为包检测规则)，以确保5GS识别业务流中的不同类型的数据包，并为之提供差异化的网络传输服务。
S819，基于标识信息检测业务流中的各类型数据。
具体地，通过检测数据包中携带的标识信息，区分业务流中的各类型数据。
S820，为业务流中的不同类型数据提供差异化的数据传输服务。
例如，在5GS的传输过程中，不同类型的数据包将会得到不同QoS质量保障，如不同的数据传输速率、不同的传输时延等。
基于上述图8所示出的方案，5GMSd AF可以根据5GMSd AP提供的第一信息，指示下行业务流的源端设备5GMSd AS，为下行媒体流业务中的不同类型数据进行标识处理，以确保不同类型的数据能够被网络侧感知与识别，从而实现下行媒体流业务中不同类型数据的差异化5G策略处理，以有效保障用户的业务体验。
图9为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图三。其中，图7中的应用服务提供商可以为图9中所示出的5GMSu AP，图7中的应用功能网元可以为图9中所示出的5GMSu AF，图7中所示出的第一设备可以为图9中所示出的UE。其中，UE为上行业务流的源端设备，5GMSu AS为上行业务流的宿端设备。
如图9所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S901，应用服务提供商与网络运营商交互，执行SLA协商流程。
S902，5GMSu应用服务提供商与5GMSu AF相互进行合法性认证。
S903，5GMSu AP创建业务开通会话。
S904，5GMSu AP向5GMSu AF发送第一信息。
S905，5GMSu AF根据第一信息确定第二信息。
S906，5GMSu AF根据第二信息生成SAI。
S901-S906的具体实现可以参考S801-S807，此处不再赘述。
S907，5GMSu AF向5GMSu AS发送资源配置信息。
其中，资源配置信息可以包括M4u接口信息、5GMSu AS侧地址等。其中，5GMSu AS侧地址为上行业务流的接收地址。
S908，5GMSu AS向5GMSu AF发送肯定应答信息和5GMSu AS侧地址。
其中，肯定应答信息用于指示资源配置信息接收成功，5GMSu AS侧地址，如IP地址，用于UE向5GMSu AS发送业务流内容。
S909，5GMSu AF向5GMSu AP发送业务开通结果。
其中，业务开通结果包括SAI或SAI索引、5GMSu AS侧地址等。
S910，5GMSu AF向UE发送SAI配置信息。
具体地，当UE侧的业务流开始后，UE侧的客户端可以通过M8u接口或M5u接口获取对应的SAI。例如，若S909中5GMSu AF向5GMSu AP发送了SAI配置信息，那么5GMSu AP可以在发往UE侧的5GMSu应用的业务通知消息中添加SAI，5GMSu应用可以接收SAI，并向媒体会话处理转发。
又例如，若S909中5GMSu AF向5GMSu AP发送了SAI索引信息，那么5GMSu AP可以通过M8u接口，在发往UE侧的5GMSu应用的业务通知消息中携带SAI的索引，5GMSu应用可以接收SAI的索引，并向媒体会话处理转发，之后媒体会话处理再基于该SAI的索引，通过M5u接口从5GMSu AF获取SAI。
S911，启动业务流。
S912，终端设备向5GMSu AS发送业务流的数据包。
具体地，终端设备根据第二信息，向5GMSu AS发送业务流中的各种类型的数据包。其中，部分或全部类型的数据包携带有标识信息的取值和承载位置可以根据第二信息确定，且不同类型的数据包携带的标识信息不同。
具体地，可以是UE侧媒体会话处理将配置信息发往媒体流处理，由媒体流处理添加对应的标识信息后，向5GMSu AS发送。该标识信息可以承载于分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层、IP层以及传输层、应用层之中，或者新定义的中间层中，此处不作限定。
具体地，该业务流中的各种类型的数据包，可以沿着UE->(R)AN->UPF->5GMSu AS的传输路径到达5GMSu AS侧。
S913，可选地，UE向5GMSu AF发送网络需求信息。
S914，5GMSu AF向PCF网元发起AF请求。
S915，PCF根据网络需求信息调整业务流中各类型数据的传输策略。
S916，PCF向SMF发起会话管理策略关联更新修改流程。
S917，SMF与UPF执行N4会话修改流程。
S918，为业务流中的不同类型数据提供差异化的数据传输服务。
上述S913-S918的具体实现，可以参考S814-S820，此处不再赘述。
基于上述图9所示出的方案，5GMSu AF可以根据5GMSu AP提供的第一信息，指示上行业务流的源端设备UE，为上行媒体流业务中的不同类型数据进行标识处理，以确保不同类型的数据能够被网络侧感知与识别，从而实现上行媒体流业务中不同类型数据的差异化5G策略处理，以有效保障用户的业务体验。
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图四。该通信方法可以适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中。
图10为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图四。该通信方法可以适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中。以图1所示出的通信系统为例，图10中的应用服务提供商可以为图1中所示出的5GMS AP，图10中的应用功能网元可以为 图1中所示出的5GMS AF，图10中所示出的第二设备可以为图1中所示出的终端设备或5GMS AS，即在方案中不区分上下行业务流，可以理解为该方案可适用于上、下行业务流。
如图10所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S1001，应用服务提供商向应用功能网元发送第三信息，应用功能网元接收来自应用提供商的第三信息。
其中，第三信息用于指示统计业务流的流量特征。
示例性地，流量特征可以包括如下一项或多项：数据量、数据传输速率、误码率、信道质量、信号强度、信号质量、数据传输周期、或传输时延等，本申请实施例不予限制。
可选地，第一信息可以包括如下一项或多项：跨层优化指示信息、或业务流对应的业务的业务标识。
一些实施例中，第三信息可以仅包含跨层优化指示信息。该跨层优化指示信息用于指示统计业务流的流量特征，可以理解为：显式指示统计应用服务提供商提供的所有业务流的流量特征。
另一些实施例中，第三信息可以仅包含业务流对应的业务的业务标识。该业务的业务标识是指用于确定该业务的业务流描述信息，如IP五元组信息等，或者IP层、传输层以及应用层中的一个或多个特征信息。此时，可以理解为：隐式地指示：仅需要统计应用服务提供商提供的指定业务对应的业务流的流量特征。其中，业务流对应的业务的业务标识可以为一个，也可以为多个，本申请实施例不予限制。
又一些实施例中，第三信息可以同时包含跨层优化指示和业务流对应的业务的业务标识可以理解为：显式指示统计应用服务提供商指定的业务对应的业务流的流量特征。其中，业务流对应的业务的业务标识可以为一个，也可以为多个，本申请实施例不予限制。
本申请实施例中，指示哪些业务的业务流需要执行流量特征统计操作，可以采用显式方式实现，如第三信息包括跨层优化指示信息的方案，也可以采用隐式方式实现，如第三信息包括业务流对应的业务的业务标识，且不包括跨层优化指示信息的方案，具体方案可以由应用服务提供商根据实际需求确定，本申请实施例对此不做限制。
请参见图1，应用服务提供商和应用功能网元可以通过M1接口传输第三信息。
可选地，在执行S1001之前，图10中所示出的方法还包括：应用服务提供商确定第三信息。示例性地，应用服务提供商可以从自己提供的所有业务中，选择哪些业务的业务流需要执行流量特征统计操作，从而生成第三信息的内容。
可选地，在执行S1001之前，图10中所示出的方法还包括：应用服务提供商与移动网络运营商可以协商需要执行流量特征统计操作的业务流。该协商过程可以采用线上方式执行，也可以采用线下方式执行，并将达成的结论，如SLA协定，以计算机可读文件或配置信息的方式存入应用服务提供商或应用功能网元的本地存储中备用。其中，SLA协定的内容可以包括上述第三信息的部分或全部内容。
S1002，应用功能网元根据第三信息确定第四信息。
其中，第四信息包括如下一项或多项：业务流对应的业务的业务标识、数据量、 数据传输速率、数据传输周期、误码率、传输时延、或上报周期。其中，第四信息可以与应用服务提供商提供的业务中的部分或全部业务的业务流相关联。
一些实施例中，当第三信息仅包含跨层优化指示时，第四信息包含的流量特征适用于应用服务提供商提供的全部业务的业务流，即应用服务提供商提供的全部业务业务的业务流均需要统计相同的流量特征。
另一些实施例中，当第三信息可以仅包含业务流对应的业务的业务标识，或者第三信息可以同时包含跨层优化指示和业务流对应的业务的业务标识时，第四信息包含的流量特征仅适用于该业务标识对应的业务的业务流，即只需要统计该业务标识对应的业务的业务流的流量特征，不需要统计应用服务提供商提供的业务中，除该业务标识对应的业务之外的其他业务的业务流的流量特征。
进一步的，若第三信息指示需要对多个业务的业务流执行流量特征统计操作，如第三信息中包含多个业务标识，或者第三信息仅包含跨层优化指示，且该应用服务提供商提供多个业务，则第四信息也可以包括多个业务标识。其中，该多个业务流需要统计的流量特征可以相同，也可以不同，本申请实施例不予限制。
进一步地，第四信息的内容与第三信息的内容可以相同，也可以不同。当两者内容相同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商已经指定了哪些业务需要统计流量特征，应用功能网元只需要将第三信息向业务流的源端设备或宿端设备发送即可。
或者，当第四信息和第三信息内容不同时，可以理解为应用服务提供商只是通知应用功能网元：需要统计哪些业务的业务流的流量特征，以及流量特征的具体内容可以由应用功能网元自行确定。例如，应用功能网元获取的第三信息包括业务标识，则应用功能网元可以根据该业务标识，确定该业务标识对应的业务的业务的哪些流量特征需要统计。换言之，第三信息可以由应用服务提供商提供的，而第四信息的内容可以是应用功能网元根据第三信息自行确定的，以赋予应用功能网元在确定需要统计的流量特征的具体内容的过程中的自由度和灵活性。
需要说明的是，S1001-S1002可以在业务开通会话流程中执行，具体实现可以参考下述图11中所示出的通信方法，此处不再赘述。
S1003，应用功能网元向第二设备发送第四信息，第二设备接收来自应用功能网元的第四信息。
示例性地，第二设备可以包括如下一项或多项：应用服务器、终端设备、(R)AN、或UPF。其中，第二设备可以为源端设备，也可以为宿端设备，还可以为中间设备。具体地，对于下行业务流，应用服务器为源端设备，终端设备为宿端设备；对于上行业务流，终端设备为源端设备，应用服务器为宿端设备。无论上行还是下行，(R)AN、UPF网元均为中间设备。
可选地，上述向第二设备发送第四信息，包括如下一项或多项：应用功能网元向应用服务器发送第四信息；或者，应用功能网元向终端设备发送第四信息；或者，应用功能网元向中间设备发送第四信息。
请参考图1，应用功能网元向应用服务器发送第四信息，可以具体实现为：应用功能网元通过M3接口，向应用服务器发送第四信息。
具体地，终端设备可以通过如下方式之一，获取第四信息的内容：
方式3，若应用功能网元已通过M1接口将第四信息上报给应用服务提供商，如将第四信息封装在SAI中上报，则应用服务提供商可以将SAI封装在M8接口的业务通知消息中发往终端设备，即终端设备可以通过M8接口，接收来自应用服务提供商的第四信息。
若应用功能网元已通过M1接口将第四信息的索引上报给应用服务提供商，则终端设备还可以通过如下方式4获取第四信息：
方式4，终端设备通过M8接口，接收来自应用服务提供商的第四信息的索引，再根据该索引，通过M5接口从应用功能网元获取第四信息。
具体地，若应用功能网元已通过M1接口将第四信息的索引上报给应用服务提供商，如将第四信息的封装在SAI中上报，则终端设备通过M8接口的业务通知消息，从应用服务提供商获取第四信息的索引，如SAI的索引，再根据该索引，通过M5接口从应用功能网元获取第四信息的内容。
可选地，在执行S1001-S1003之后，图10中所示出的通信方法还可以包括如下步骤：
S1004，第二设备向应用功能网元发送业务流的流量特征统计结果，应用功能网元接收来自第二设备的业务流的流量特征统计结果。
其中，流量特征统计结果根据第四信息确定，流量特征统计结果用于调整业务流的数据传输策略。换言之，流量特征统计结果是根据第四信息的内容统计得到的，如测量哪些流量指标，以及如何处理该些流量指标的测量结果，以生成流量特征统计结果等。
可选地，流量特征统计结果可以是如下一个或多个设备统计上报的：业务流的源端设备、业务流的宿端设备、或业务流的中间设备，具体内容可以包括如下一项或多项：数据量、数据传输速率、误码率、信道质量、信号强度、信号质量、数据传输周期或传输时延等，本申请实施例不予限制。
可选地，流量特征统计结果还可以包括业务流对应的业务的业务标识，以便策略控制网元可以区分流量特征统计结果是针对哪些业务的业务流的，以便为不同业务流提供差异化的数据传输服务。
无论第二设备为源端设备还是宿端设备，均可以基于第四信息，执行业务流的流量统计和上报操作。
以下行业务流的传输周期为例，应用服务器为源端设备，终端设备为宿端设备，则应用服务器可以统计上报该下行业务流的传输周期特性，包括数据传输的周期大小、每个周期数据量的大小，并将此信息上报至应用功能网元；同样，终端设备也可以统计下行数据到达的规律，明确数据传输周期性，上报至应用功能网元。
S1005，应用功能网元向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果，策略控制网元接收来自应用功能网元的流量特征统计结果。
请参考图1，终端设备可以通过M5接口，向应用功能网元上报流量特征统计结果，而应用服务器可以通过M3接口，向应用功能网元上报流量特征统计结果。
具体地，应用功能网元可以通过N5接口，向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果。或者，应用功能网元也可以通过N33接口，向网络开放功能网元(network exposure  function，NEF)发送流量特征统计结果，然后NEF再向策略控制网元转发该流量特征统计结果。
S1006，策略控制网元基于流量特征统计结果，调整业务流的数据传输策略。
具体地，策略控制网元可以基于流量特征统计结果，调整该业务标识对应的业务的业务流的数据传输策略，如增加/减少传输资源、增加/减少传输时延等，以便为不同业务的业务流提供差异化的网络传输服务。
基于图10中所示出的通信方法，应用功能网元可以根据应用服务提供商提供的第三信息，指示业务流的源端设备或宿端设备，统计上报应用服务提供商提供的业务的业务流的流量特征。之后，应用功能网元可以向运营商网络中的策略控制网元发送接收到的流量特征统计结果，以便策略控制网元基于该流量特征统计结果，动态调整业务流的数据传输策略，以便为不同的业务流，如不同优先级的业务流提供差异化的数据传输服务，以确保高优先级业务流的传输质量，如在网络资源受限、信道质量恶劣等场景下，根据业务流的流量特征进行资源预调度等处理，从而提升高优先级业务流的服务质量。
下面结合图11中所示出的示例，详细说明图10中所示出的通信方法在下行场景下的具体实现。
图11为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图五。其中，图10中的应用服务提供商可以为图11中所示出的5GMSd AP，图10中的应用功能网元可以为图11中所示出的5GMSd AF，图7中所示出的第二设备可以为图11中所示出的5GMSd AS或UE。
如图11所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S1101，5GMSd AP与网络运营商交互，执行SLA协商流程。
其中，协商好的SLA协定中包含跨层优化指示信息，该跨层优化指示信息用于指示移动网络运营商对该5GMSd AP的业务流提供跨层优化服务。
可选地，SLA协定中还可以包含需要移动网络运营商提供跨层优化服务的下行业务的业务标识。
本领域技术人员应当了解，当SLA协定中不包含业务标识时，可以理解为该5GMSd AP提供的所有下行业务流，均需要移动网络运营商提供跨层优化服务。
可选地，5GMSd AP也可以自行确定需要哪些业务的业务流需要网络运营商提供跨层优化服务，并通知移动网络运营商，因此S1101可以视为可选步骤。
之后，即可执行业务开通会话流程，具体包括如下S1102-S1109：
S1102，5GMSd AP与5GMSd AF相互进行合法性认证。
具体实现可以参考现有实现方案，此处不再赘述。
S1103，5GMSd AP创建业务开通会话。
S1104，5GMSd AP向5GMSd AF发送第三信息。
第三信息可以包括如下一项或多项：跨层优化指示信息、或业务标识。关于第三信息内容和具体实现方式，请参考上述S1001中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
具体地，第三信息可以承载在如下一项或多项5GMS特性信元(information element，IE)中，如参数收集与上报、动态策略调整、或其他信元中，此处不予限制。
S1105，5GMSd AF根据第三信息确定第四信息。
具体实现可以参考上述S1002中的相关内容，此处不再赘述。
S1106，5GMSd AF根据第四信息生成SAI。
具体地，可以将第四信息的内容承载在SAI字段中，并将SAI承载于参数采集与上报信元中。
S1107，5GMSd AF向5GMSd AS发送资源配置信息。
其中，该资源配置信息包括接口配置信息和第二指示信息和第四信息。其中，接口配置信息用于配置5GMSd AS的接口，第二指示信息用于指示5GMSd AS统计和上报5GMSd AP提供的部分或全部业务的业务流的流量特征统计结果。
具体地，5GMSd AF通过M3d接口，向5GMSd AS发送资源配置信息。
S1108，5GMSd AS向5GMSd AF发送肯定应答信息和5GMSd AS侧地址。
其中，肯定应答信息用于指示资源配置成功，5GMSd AS侧地址，如IP地址，用于5GMSd AP向5GMSd AS注入下行业务流的内容。
S1109，5GMSd AF向5GMSd AP发送业务开通结果。
其中，业务开通结果包括SAI或SAI的索引、5GMSd AS侧地址等。
S1110，5GMSd AP向5GMSd AS注入业务流内容。
具体地，5GMSd AP根据5GMSd AF提供的5GMS AS侧地址，向5GMSd AS发送该业务标识对应的业务的业务流的数据包。
S1111，5GMSd AF向UE发送SAI配置信息。
其中，SAI配置信息可以包括SAI或SAI的索引，用于指示UE统计并上报部分或全部业务流的流量特征统计结果。
具体地，当UE侧的业务流开始后，UE侧的客户端可以通过M8d接口或M5d接口获取对应的SAI。例如，若5GMS AF在S1109将SAI发往了5GMSd AP，则5GMSd AP可以在发往UE侧的5GMSd应用的业务通知消息中添加SAI，5GMSd应用可以接收SAI，并向媒体会话处理转发。
又例如，若5GMS AF在S1109将SAI的索引发往了5GMSd AP，则5GMSd AP可以通过M8d接口，在发往UE侧的5GMSd应用的业务通知消息中携带SAI的索引，5GMSd应用可以接收SAI的索引，并向媒体会话处理转发，之后媒体会话处理再基于该SAI的索引，通过M5d接口从5GMSd AF获取SAI。
S1112，启动业务流。
S1113，5GMSd AS向UE发送业务流。
具体地，5GMSd AS可以在根据第四信息向UE发送业务流数据包的过程中，进行业务流量统计与上报。
例如，业务流的数据包，可以沿着5GMS AS->UPF->(R)AN->UE的传输路径到达UE侧的媒体流处理(MP)，以进行解码与播放。
S1114，可选的，UE向5GMSd AF发送流量特征统计结果。
可选地，流量特征统计结果可以承载于SAI中的参数收集与上报信元中。
具体的，可以是媒体会话处理接收到第四信息后，配置媒体流处理统计并上报业务标识对应的业务的业务流的流量特征统计结果。
需要说明的是，下行业务流的源端设备(5GMS AS)、宿端设备(UE)、中继设备((R)AN、UPF)均可以执行业务流的流量特征统计与上报操作，即第二设备还可以包括中间设备，此处不做限制。
S1115，可选地，5GMSd AF向PCF网元发起AF请求。
其中，AF请求可以包括：业务标识和该业务标识对应的业务的业务流的流量特征统计结果。
具体的应用功能网元与PCF之间的交互，参考S1005。
S1116，PCF根据流量特征统计结果调整业务流的数据传输策略。
其中，数据传输策略可以包括更新PCC规则，调整QoS策略等，即执行下述S1117-S1118。
S1117，PCF向SMF发起会话管理策略关联更新修改流程。
具体地，PCF可以向SMF发送修改后的PCC规则、QoS规则等，然后由SMF执行PDU会话修改流程。
S1118，SMF与UPF执行N4会话修改流程。
其中，N4会话修改流程用于更新UPF侧的PDR，以确保5GS识别业务流量特征并为之提供差异化的网络传输服务。
S1119，为不同业务的业务流提供差异化的数据传输服务。
需要说明的是，图11中所示出的通信方法也适用于上行业务流。具体地，上行业务流可以沿着UE->(R)AN->UPF->5GMSu AS的传输路径到达5GMSu AS，以便将上行业务流内容上传至网络。并且，上行业务流的源端设备(UE)、宿端设备(5GMSu AS)、中继设备((R)AN、UPF)也均可以执行业务流的流量特征统计与上报操作，此处不做限制。
基于图11中所示出的通信方法，5GMSd AF可以根据5GMSd AP提供的第三信息，指示业务流的源端设备或宿端设备，统计上报5GMSd AS提供的业务的业务流的流量特征。之后，5GMSd AF可以向运营商网络中的策略控制网元发送接收到的流量特征统计结果，以便策略控制网元基于该流量特征统计结果，动态调整业务流的数据传输策略，以便为不同的业务流，如不同优先级的业务流提供差异化的数据传输服务，以确保高优先级业务流的传输质量，如在网络资源受限、信道质量恶劣等场景下，根据业务流的流量特征进行资源预调度等处理，以提高业务流的服务质量。
需要说明的是，上述图7-图9中任一项所示出的方案，与图10-图11中任一项所示出的方案也可以结合实施。下面以将图7中所示出的方案和图10中所示出的方案相结合的方案(图12)为例说明。
图12为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程示意图六。该通信方法可以适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中。以图1所示出的通信系统为例，图12中的应用服务提供商可以为图1中所示出的5GMS AP，图12中的应用功能网元可以为图1中所示出的5GMS AF，图12中所示出的第一设备可以为图1中所示出的终端设备或5GMS AS。
如图12所示，该通信方法包括如下步骤：
S1201，应用服务提供商向应用功能网元发送第五信息，应用功能网元接收来自应 用服务提供商的第五信息。
其中，第五信息包括上述S701中所述的第一信息和S1001中所述的第三信息的内容。
S1202，应用功能网元根据第五信息，确定第六信息。
其中，第六信息包括上述第二信息和第四信息的内容。
S1203，应用功能网元向第三设备发送第六信息，第三设备接收来自应用功能网元的第六信息。
其中，第三设备可以为上述第一设备和第二设备的并集。
需要说明的是，若第三设备为源端设备，则可以执行如下S1204：
S1204，第三设备为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
S1205，第三设备向应用功能网元发送业务流中的指定数据类型的数据包的流量特征统计结果，应用功能网元接收来自第三设备上报的流量特征统计结果。
需要说明的是，无论第三设备为源端设备、宿端设备、中间设备中的一个，均可以基于第六信息，执行业务流中的部分或全部数据类型的流量统计和上报操作。
可选地，若第一设备为终端设备，还可以执行下述S1206：
S1206，第一设备向应用功能网元发送网络需求信息。
其中，网络需求信息可以根据业务流中的不同类型数据的流量特征统计结果和/或标识信息确定。
具体地，若S1205和S1206中的第三设备为同一设备，则网络需求信息和流量特征统计结果可以承载于同一条消息，如动态策略调整请求消息中一起上报，也可以通过不同的消息上报，此处不予限制。
之后，应用功能网元可以向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果和/或网络需求信息，策略控制网元基于流量特征统计结果和/或网络需求信息，调整业务流中的不同类型数据的数据传输策略，以便为不同业务的业务流，和/或同一业务的业务流中的不同类型的数据提供差异化的网络传输服务。
需要说明的是，图12中所示出的通信方法所涉及的流量特征统计结果的统计粒度可以精确到业务流中的不同数据类型，策略控制网元可以据此为应用服务提供商和用户提供更为精准的差异化网络传输服务，也可以进一步提升用户体验。
一方面，与图7-图9中任一项所示出的通信方法中的策略控制网元仅根据业务流中不同类型数据的标识信息调整网络传输策略不同，图12中所示出的通信方法根据业务流中不同类型数据的标识信息，以及业务流中不同类型数据的流量特征统计结果，调整不同类型数据的网络传输策略，考虑的因素更为全面，策略控制网元可以据此为应用服务提供商和用户提供更加及时的差异化网络传输服务，从而进一步提升用户体验。
另一方面，与图10-图11中所示出的通信方法中涉及的流量特征统计结果的统计粒度为业务流不同，图12中所示出的通信方法所涉及的流量特征统计结果的统计粒度 可以精确到业务流中的不同数据类型，策略控制网元可以据此为应用服务提供商和用户提供更为精准的差异化网络传输服务，也可以进一步提升用户体验。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，同一业务的业务流中的各类型数据，也可以称为该业务流中的子流(substream)。例如，应用服务提供商1提供的业务流1共计包括两种类型的数据：前景流和背景流，则前景流和背景流也可以称为业务流1的子流，即本申请实施例中，子流和数据类型含义相同，可以相互替换。
以上结合图7-图12详细说明了本申请实施例提供的通信方法。以下结合图13-图16详细说明用于执行本申请实施例提供的通信方法的通信装置。
示例性地，图13是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图一。如图13所示，通信装置1300包括：获取模块1301和发送模块1302。为了便于说明，图13仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1300可适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中，执行图7-图9、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法。
其中，获取模块1301，用于获取第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
发送模块1302，用于发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
一种可能的设计方案中，通信装置1300还包括：确定模块1303。其中，确定模块1303，用于根据第一信息确定第二信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
可选地，发送模块1302，还用于执行如下一项或多项：向应用服务器发送第二信息；或者，向终端设备发送第二信息。
可选地，上述获取模块1301可以包括接收功能和解析功能。其中，接收功能也可以单独设置为一个模块，如接收模块(图13中未示出)。应理解，该接收模块也可以与发送模块1302集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图13中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现收发功能。
进一步地，上述解析功能也可以与其他处理功能或模块，如确定模块1303，集成为一个模块，如处理模块(图13中未示出)，该处理模块用于实现除收发功能之外的其他功能。
可选地，通信装置1300还可以包括存储模块(图13中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得通信装置1300执行图7-图9、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法。
可选地，通信装置1300可以是网络设备，如应用功能网元，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
示例性地，图14是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图二。如图14所示，通信装置1400包括：处理模块1401和接收模块1402。为了便于说明，图14仅示出了该通信装置的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1400可适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中，执行图7-图9、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法。
其中，接收模块1402，用于接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
处理模块1401，用于为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流。或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧。或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
一种可能的设计方案中，通信装置1400可以为终端设备，通信装置1400还可以包括发送模块1403。其中，发送模块1403，用于向应用功能网元发送网络需求信息。其中，网络需求信息用于确定业务流中的数据包中第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、或传输时延。
可选地，接收模块1402也可以与发送模块1403集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图14中未示出)。其中，收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，通信装置1400还可以包括存储模块(图14中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块1401执行该程序或指令时，使得通信装置1400执行图7-图9中任一项所示出的通信方法。
可选地，通信装置1400可以是终端设备或应用服务器，也可以是可设置于该终端设备或应用服务器中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该终端设备或应用服务器的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
示例性地，图15是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图三。如图15所示，通信装置1500包括：确定模块1501和发送模块1502。为了便于说明，图15仅示出了通信装置1500的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1500可适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中，执行图7-图9、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法。
其中，确定模块1501，用于确定第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
发送模块1502，用于向应用功能网元发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于第二信息的确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
其中，第二信息包括标识信息。
示例性地，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，业 务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括接收模块(图15中未示出)，该接收模块用于实现接收功能。进一步地，接收模块也可以与发送模块1502集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图15中未示出)，该收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，确定模块1501和其他具有处理功能的模块，也可以集成为一个模块，如处理模块(图15中未示出)，该处理模块可用于实现除收发功能之外的功能。
可选地，通信装置1500还可以包括存储模块(图15中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块执行该程序或指令时，使得该通信装置1500执行图7-图9中任一项所示出的通信方法。
可选地，通信装置1500可以是网络设备，如应用服务提供商，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
此外，上述图13-图15中任一项所示出的通信装置的技术效果可以参考图7-图9、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图16是本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图四。如图16所示，通信装置1600包括：接收模块1601和发送模块1602。为了便于说明，图16仅示出了通信装置1600的主要部件。
一些实施例中，通信装置1600可适用于图1-图3、图5中任一项所示出的通信系统中，执行图10、图11或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法。
其中，接收模块1601，用于接收来自应用服务提供商的第三信息。其中，第三信息用于指示统计业务流的流量特征。
发送模块1602，用于发送第四信息。其中，第四信息根据第三信息确定，第四信息包括如下一项或多项：业务流对应的业务的业务标识、数据量、数据传输速率、数据传输周期、误码率、传输时延、或上报周期。
可选地，接收模块1601，还用于接收业务流的流量特征统计结果。其中，流量特征统计结果根据第四信息确定。
发送模块1602，还用于向策略控制网元发送流量特征统计结果。其中，流量特征统计结果用于调整业务流的数据传输策略。
示例性地，第二设备包括如下一项或多项：应用服务器、或终端设备。
可选地，接收模块1601与发送模块1602也可以集成为一个模块，如收发模块(图16中未示出)，该收发模块用于实现收发功能。
可选地，通信装置1600还可以包括处理模块1603，处理模块1603可用于实现除收发功能之外的功能。
可选地，通信装置1600还可以包括存储模块(图16中未示出)，该存储模块存储有程序或指令。当处理模块1603执行该程序或指令时，使得通信装置1600执行图10或图11所示出的通信方法。
可选地，通信装置1600可以是网络设备，如应用功能网元，也可以是可设置于该网络设备中的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件，还可以是包含该网络设备的装置或系 统，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
此外，通信装置1500的技术效果可以参考图10、图11、或图12中任一项所示出的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
示例性地，图17为本申请实施例提供的通信装置的结构示意图五。该通信装置可以是终端设备或网络设备，也可以是可设置于终端设备或网络设备的芯片(系统)或其他部件或组件。
如图17所示，通信装置1700可以包括处理器1701。可选地，通信装置1700还可以包括存储器1702和/或收发器1703。其中，处理器1701与存储器1702和收发器1703耦合，如可以通过通信总线连接。
下面结合图17对通信装置1700的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
其中，处理器1701是通信装置1700的控制中心，可以是一个处理器，也可以是多个处理元件的统称。例如，处理器1701是一个或多个中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，也可以是特定集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路，例如：一个或多个微处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)，或，一个或者多个现场可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)。
可选地，处理器1701可以通过运行或执行存储在存储器1702内的软件程序，以及调用存储在存储器1702内的数据，执行通信装置1700的各种功能。
在具体的实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器1701可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图17中所示出的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信装置1700也可以包括多个处理器，例如图17中所示的处理器1701和处理器1704。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核处理器(single-CPU)，也可以是一个多核处理器(multi-CPU)。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
其中，所述存储器1702用于存储执行本申请方案的软件程序，并由处理器1701来控制执行，具体实现方式可以参考上述方法实施例，此处不再赘述。
可选地，存储器1702可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器1702可以和处理器1701集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置1700的接口电路(图17中未示出)与处理器1701耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
收发器1703，用于与其他通信装置之间的通信。例如，通信装置1700为终端设备，收发器1703可以用于与网络设备通信，或者与另一个终端设备通信。又例如，通信装置1700为网络设备，收发器1703可以用于与终端设备通信，或者与另一个网络 设备通信。
可选地，收发器1703可以包括接收器和发送器(图17中未单独示出)。其中，接收器用于实现接收功能，发送器用于实现发送功能。
可选地，收发器1703可以和处理器1701集成在一起，也可以独立存在，并通过通信装置1700的接口电路(图17中未示出)与处理器1701耦合，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，图17中示出的通信装置1700的结构并不构成对该通信装置的限定，实际的通信装置可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
此外，通信装置1700的技术效果可以参考上述任一方法实施例所述的通信方法的技术效果，此处不再赘述。
本申请实施例提供一种应用服务系统。该应用服务系统包括：应用服务提供商和应用功能网元。其中，应用服务提供商，用于向应用功能网元发送第一信息。其中，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用功能网元，用于接收来自应用服务提供商的第一信息，并发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。
可选地，该应用服务系统还可以包括：应用服务器。该应用服务器用于为终端设备提供下行业务流的内容，或者接收来自终端设备的上行业务流的内容。
本申请实施例还提供一种应用服务系统，该应用服务系统包括：应用功能网元和应用服务器。其中，应用功能网元，用于向应用服务器发送第二信息。其中，第二信息根据第一信息确定，第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，标识信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型。应用服务器，用于接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息，并为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息。
可选地，该应用服务系统还可以包括：应用服务提供商。该应用服务提供商用于为应用服务器注入下行业务流的内容。
进一步地，上述两种应用服务系统还可以是一个更大的通信系统的组成部分。该通信系统还可以包括：一个或多个终端设备，和/或，一个或多个核心网网元，和/或，一个或多个接入网设备，此处不予限制。
应理解，在本申请实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)，该处理器还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。
还应理解，本申请实施例中的存储器可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、 可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。
上述实施例，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件(如电路)、固件或其他任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，上述实施例可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令或计算机程序。在计算机上加载或执行所述计算机指令或计算机程序时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以为通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集合的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质。半导体介质可以是固态硬盘。
应理解，本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。另外，本文中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系，但也可能表示的是一种“和/或”的关系，具体可参考前后文进行理解。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、 装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (31)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于应用功能网元，包括：
    获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    发送第二信息，所述第二信息根据所述第一信息确定，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的通信方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述第一信息确定所述第二信息。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述发送第二信息，包括如下一项或多项：
    向应用服务器发送所述第二信息；或者，
    向终端设备发送所述第二信息。
  6. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第一设备，包括：
    接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息，所述第二信息根据第一信息确定，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，所述第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型；
    为所述业务流中的数据包添加所述标识信息。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的通信方法，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  9. 根据权利要求6-8中任一项所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第一设备包括终端设备；
    所述方法还包括：
    向所述应用功能网元发送网络需求信息，所述网络需求信息用于确定所述业务流中的第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，所述网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、传输时延。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于应用服务提供商，包括：
    确定第一信息；所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    向应用功能网元发送所述第一信息；所述第一信息用于第二信息的确定，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述 业务流中的数据包的类型。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的通信方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  12. 根据权利要求10或11所述的通信方法，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  13. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第一应用服务系统，所述第一应用服务系统包括应用服务提供商和应用功能网元；
    所述方法包括：
    所述应用服务提供商向所述应用功能网元发送第一信息；所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述应用功能网元接收来自所述应用服务提供商的所述第一信息；
    所述应用功能网元发送第二信息；所述第二信息根据所述第一信息确定，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型。
  14. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，应用于第二应用服务系统，所述第二应用服务系统包括应用功能网元和应用服务器；
    所述方法包括：
    所述应用功能网元向所述应用服务器发送第二信息；所述第二信息根据第一信息确定，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述应用服务器接收来自所述应用功能网元的所述第二信息；
    所述应用服务器为所述业务流中的数据包添加所述标识信息。
  15. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：获取模块和发送模块；其中，
    所述获取模块，用于获取第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述发送模块，用于发送第二信息，所述第二信息根据所述第一信息确定，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的通信装置，其特征在于，还包括：确定模块；其中，
    所述确定模块，用于根据所述第一信息确定所述第二信息。
  18. 根据权利要求15-17中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  19. 根据权利要求15-18中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述发送模块，还用于执行如下一项或多项：向应用服务器发送所述第二信息；或者，向终端设备发送所述第二信息。
  20. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：接收模块和处理模块；其中，
    所述接收模块，用于接收来自应用功能网元的第二信息，所述第二信息根据第一信息确定，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，所述第二信息用于指示为业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述处理模块，用于为所述业务流中的数据包添加所述标识信息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  23. 根据权利要求20-22中任一项所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述装置为终端设备，所述装置还包括发送模块；其中，
    所述发送模块，用于向所述应用功能网元发送网络需求信息，所述网络需求信息用于确定所述业务流中的数据包中第一类型的数据包所要求的网络传输能力，所述网络传输能力包括如下一项或多项：传输带宽、或传输时延。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：确定模块和发送模块；其中，
    所述确定模块，用于确定第一信息；所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述发送模块，用于向应用功能网元发送所述第一信息；所述第一信息用于第二信息的确定，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型。
  25. 根据权利要求24所述的通信装置，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括所述标识信息。
  26. 根据权利要求24或25所述的通信装置，其特征在于，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：前景流、或背景流；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：I帧、P帧、或B帧；或者，
    所述业务流中的数据包的类型包括如下一项或多项：增强层、或基础层。
  27. 一种应用服务系统，其特征在于，包括：应用服务提供商和应用功能网元；其中，
    所述应用服务提供商，用于向所述应用功能网元发送第一信息；所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述应用功能网元，用于接收来自所述应用服务提供商的所述第一信息；
    所述应用功能网元，还用于发送第二信息；所述第二信息根据所述第一信息确定， 所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型。
  28. 一种应用服务系统，其特征在于，包括：应用功能网元和应用服务器；其中，
    所述应用功能网元，用于向所述应用服务器发送第二信息；所述第二信息根据第一信息确定，所述第一信息用于指示业务流中的数据包的类型，所述第二信息用于指示为所述业务流中的数据包添加标识信息，所述标识信息用于指示所述业务流中的数据包的类型；
    所述应用服务器，用于接收来自所述应用功能网元的所述第二信息；
    所述应用服务器，还用于为所述业务流中的数据包添加所述标识信息。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器，所述处理器与存储器耦合；
    所述处理器，用于执行所述存储器中存储的计算机程序，以使得所述通信装置执行如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的通信方法。
  30. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质包括计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的通信方法。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1-14中任一项所述的通信方法。
PCT/CN2022/125999 2021-10-22 2022-10-18 通信方法及装置 WO2023066262A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111236397.0A CN116016460A (zh) 2021-10-22 2021-10-22 通信方法及装置
CN202111236397.0 2021-10-22

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023066262A1 true WO2023066262A1 (zh) 2023-04-27

Family

ID=86030565

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/125999 WO2023066262A1 (zh) 2021-10-22 2022-10-18 通信方法及装置

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116016460A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023066262A1 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116939669A (zh) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-24 武汉博易讯信息科技有限公司 基于ip学习表的网元识别方法、系统、设备及可读介质

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117615211A (zh) * 2023-12-05 2024-02-27 书行科技(北京)有限公司 直播优化方法、装置、设备和存储介质

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019157963A1 (zh) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-22 华为技术有限公司 用于数据传输的方法、移动管理设备、数据业务处理设备和终端
CN111031078A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-17 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及装置
CN111800857A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2020-10-20 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种寻呼方法和设备
CN112217812A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-12 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 控制媒体流业务传输的方法及电子设备
CN113395711A (zh) * 2020-03-11 2021-09-14 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 对业务流进行分流的方法及设备

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019157963A1 (zh) * 2018-02-13 2019-08-22 华为技术有限公司 用于数据传输的方法、移动管理设备、数据业务处理设备和终端
CN111031078A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2020-04-17 华为技术有限公司 一种通信方法及装置
CN111800857A (zh) * 2019-08-27 2020-10-20 维沃移动通信有限公司 一种寻呼方法和设备
CN113395711A (zh) * 2020-03-11 2021-09-14 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 对业务流进行分流的方法及设备
CN112217812A (zh) * 2020-09-30 2021-01-12 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 控制媒体流业务传输的方法及电子设备

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116939669A (zh) * 2023-09-18 2023-10-24 武汉博易讯信息科技有限公司 基于ip学习表的网元识别方法、系统、设备及可读介质
CN116939669B (zh) * 2023-09-18 2023-12-08 武汉博易讯信息科技有限公司 基于ip学习表的网元识别方法、系统、设备及可读介质

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116016460A (zh) 2023-04-25

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2023066262A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
US11444850B2 (en) Method and apparatus for communication network quality of service capability exposure
BR112015031512B1 (pt) Mediar entrega de conteúdo via um ou mais serviços
WO2022088833A1 (zh) 用于传输媒体流的数据包的方法和通信装置
WO2022017113A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2018140384A1 (en) Authorization framework for 5g networks
WO2022042380A1 (zh) 确定空口时延的方法及装置
CN115250537A (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
US20230050923A1 (en) Media packet transmission method, apparatus, and system
WO2023088009A1 (zh) 一种数据传输的方法及通信装置
WO2022179085A1 (zh) 流媒体传输方法及装置
WO2022017403A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2022151381A1 (zh) 一种通信方法与装置
CN114424498B (zh) 数据传输方法、装置、系统和存储介质
CN115623542A (zh) 通信方法、装置和系统
WO2023280242A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2021212999A1 (zh) 媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统
WO2023185598A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2024066585A1 (zh) 通信方法、装置及系统
WO2023185402A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
WO2023083138A1 (zh) 用于通信系统的电子设备、方法和存储介质
WO2023109743A1 (zh) 传输数据的方法和通信装置
CN117768943A (zh) 一种通信系统中传输数据的方法和通信装置
CN116321475A (zh) 传输数据的方法和通信装置
CN116887341A (zh) 通信方法、通信装置和通信系统

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22882867

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022882867

Country of ref document: EP

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022882867

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240412