WO2023060879A1 - Broadband microwave power amplifier - Google Patents
Broadband microwave power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023060879A1 WO2023060879A1 PCT/CN2022/090594 CN2022090594W WO2023060879A1 WO 2023060879 A1 WO2023060879 A1 WO 2023060879A1 CN 2022090594 W CN2022090594 W CN 2022090594W WO 2023060879 A1 WO2023060879 A1 WO 2023060879A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
- H03F1/42—Modifications of amplifiers to extend the bandwidth
- H03F1/48—Modifications of amplifiers to extend the bandwidth of aperiodic amplifiers
- H03F1/486—Modifications of amplifiers to extend the bandwidth of aperiodic amplifiers with IC amplifier blocks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/189—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers
- H03F3/19—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/195—High-frequency amplifiers, e.g. radio frequency amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/213—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only in integrated circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/45—Differential amplifiers
- H03F3/45071—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/45479—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of common mode signal rejection
- H03F3/45928—Differential amplifiers with semiconductor devices only characterised by the way of common mode signal rejection using IC blocks as the active amplifying circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
- H03F2200/36—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the amplifier comprising means for increasing the bandwidth
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of electronic technology, in particular to a broadband microwave power amplifier.
- the microwave power amplifier is located at the end of the transmission chain of the wireless communication system, and is used to amplify the transmission signal to a certain power level and drive the antenna to propagate the signal for a certain communication distance.
- the performance of microwave power amplifier determines the quality of wireless communication signal transmission, and its power determines the distance of propagation. In order to propagate longer distances, high-power microwave power amplifiers are required. Designing a microwave power amplifier using an integrated circuit process must take into account the characteristics of the integrated circuit process.
- the main integrated circuit processes for designing microwave power amplifiers include GaAs HBT, SiGe HBT and CMOS processes.
- CMOS technology is widely used in digital circuits, signal processing, microwave transceivers and other circuits, and has advantages in cost.
- GaAs HBT is more used in engineering practice to design microwave power amplifiers.
- the breakdown voltage of common GaAs HBT devices is only a dozen volts, and can only work under low power supply voltage conditions such as 3.3V, 4.2V, and 5V.
- the saturation of GaAs HBT microwave power amplifiers with single-ended structures Output power is often limited to around 3W. To output more power, the method of power synthesis must be used.
- microwave power amplifiers In most applications, wireless communication systems require the input and output of microwave power amplifiers to be single-ended. Because the balanced amplifier has strong anti-interference ability, anti-power supply noise and ground noise, and has even harmonic suppression function, monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) often use balanced power combining technology to achieve single-ended input and single-ended output. Simultaneously achieve two-way power synthesis, output more power.
- MMIC monolithic microwave integrated circuits
- it is a common balanced microwave power amplifier composed of a coaxial transmission line transformer balun.
- Coaxial transmission line transformer baluns are also called current baluns.
- the currents inside the coaxial cable are equal in size and opposite in phase. Although the output currents of the two output terminals can be guaranteed to be equal, the output voltages are not necessarily equal.
- Coaxial transmission line The transformer balun uses a coaxial line, which is a non-planar circuit technology, which is not conducive to product miniaturization, and the consistency and stability of output power are also affected.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband microwave power amplifier to solve the above technical problems.
- An embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband microwave power amplifier, including:
- a differential signal generating network the differential signal generating network is provided with a signal input terminal, a first differential signal output terminal, and a second differential signal output terminal, the original input signal is input from the signal input terminal, and the differential signal generating network passes through the differential signal generating network Afterwards, a differential signal is output from the first differential signal output terminal and the second differential signal output terminal;
- a first amplifying unit the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first input matching network
- a second amplifying unit the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second input matching network
- a coplanar stripline balun at the output end, the coplanar stripline balun at the output end is provided with a first differential signal input terminal, a second differential signal input terminal, and a signal output terminal, and the first differential signal input terminal is connected to the The output terminal of the first output matching network, the input terminal of the second differential signal is connected to the output terminal of the second output matching network, and the differential signal is synthesized by the coplanar stripline balun at the output terminal. Its signal output terminal outputs.
- the differential signal generating network is a coplanar stripline balun at the input end.
- the signal input end, the first differential signal output end, and the second differential signal output end of the input-end coplanar stripline balun have the same impedance.
- the signal output end, the first differential signal input end, and the second differential signal input end of the output-port coplanar stripline balun have the same impedance.
- the output terminal coplanar stripline balun includes: a first differential signal input terminal, a first transmission line connected to the first differential signal input terminal and bent and extended, a second differential signal input terminal, and the first differential signal input terminal.
- the two differential signal input terminals are connected to and bent to extend the second transmission line, a third transmission line respectively connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, a signal output terminal, and a ground plane.
- the length of the first transmission line is 3/4 wavelength
- the length of the second transmission line is 1/4 wavelength
- the first transmission line and the second transmission line have the same width.
- the width of the third transmission line is the same as the sum of the widths of the first transmission line and the second transmission line.
- the ground plane is a truncated ground plane.
- the differential signal generation network is a 180° hybrid network.
- a coplanar stripline balun is used to realize power distribution and/or power synthesis.
- the coplanar stripline balun can be manufactured through a planar circuit process, which is conducive to high integration and chip miniaturization, and at the same time, the cost is relatively low.
- the coplanar stripline balun has a wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, and good consistency. It can be integrated with the antenna to form a radio frequency front-end array and output high power.
- Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing microwave power amplifier
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a coplanar stripline balun at the output end in an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 2 is a broadband microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a differential signal generation network 10, a first input matching network 21, a second input matching network 22, a first amplification unit 31, The second amplifying unit 32 , the first output matching network 41 , the second output matching network 42 , and the stripline balun 50 at the output end are coplanar.
- the differential signal generation network 10 is provided with a signal input terminal, a first differential signal output terminal, and a second differential signal output terminal, the original input signal RFin is input by the signal input terminal, and passed through the differential signal generation network 10 Afterwards, the first differential signal RF+ is output from the first differential signal output end, and the second differential signal RF- is output from the second differential signal output end.
- the input end of the first input matching network 21 is connected to the first differential signal output end of the differential signal generation network 10, and provides impedance matching for the first differential signal RF+; the input end of the second input matching network 22 is connected to the The second differential signal output terminal provides impedance matching for the second differential signal RF-.
- the input end of the first amplifying unit 31 is connected to the output end of the first input matching network 21 for amplifying the first differential signal RF+ after impedance matching; the input end of the second amplifying unit 32 is connected to the The output end of the second input matching network 22 is used to amplify the impedance-matched second differential signal RF-.
- the input end of the first output matching network 41 is connected to the output end of the first amplifying unit 31 for performing impedance matching on the amplified first differential signal RF+ again; the input end of the second output matching network 42 The output end of the second amplifying unit 32 is connected to perform impedance matching on the amplified second differential signal RF ⁇ again.
- the output terminal coplanar stripline balun 50 is provided with a first differential signal input terminal P+, a second differential signal input terminal P ⁇ , and a signal output terminal CM (common terminal), so
- the first differential signal input terminal P+ is connected to the output terminal of the first output matching network 41
- the second differential signal input terminal P- is connected to the output terminal of the second output matching network 42
- the first differential signal RF+ is synthesized by the coplanar stripline balun 50 at the output end, and then an end signal RFout is output from its signal output end.
- the impedances of the signal output terminal CM, the first differential signal input terminal P+, and the second differential signal input terminal P ⁇ of the output coplanar stripline balun 50 are the same. In this embodiment, their impedances are all 50 ohms.
- the output terminal coplanar stripline balun includes: a first differential signal input terminal P+, a first transmission line CD connected to the first differential signal input terminal P+ and bent and extended, a second differential signal input terminal Terminal P-, a second transmission line AB connected to the second differential signal input terminal P- and bent and extended, a third transmission line EF respectively connected to the first transmission line CD and the second transmission line AB, and a signal output terminal CM, and the ground plane.
- the length of the first transmission line CD is 3/4 wavelength
- the length of the second transmission line AB is 1/4 wavelength
- the width W 2 of the first transmission line CD is the same as the width W 1 of the second transmission line AB, so that their characteristic impedances are both 35.5 ohms.
- the first transmission line CD and the second transmission line AB are connected to the third transmission line after being bent in a manner perpendicular to the third transmission line EF, and the first transmission line is opposite to the third transmission line
- the height of the bending extension is L1
- the phase difference is 180°, and only the odd-mode signal is propagated in the microstrip line, and the even-mode signal is suppressed.
- the ground plane is a truncated ground plane, so as to realize the smooth transition of the signal from 50 ohms to the coplanar strip line balun, and a 90° curved mitered surface (marked in FIG. 3 ) is also provided in the microstrip line 90° of the two opposite bend miter surfaces), that is, the first transmission line CD, the second transmission line AB bending slope, and the bending slope at the connection with the third transmission line EF, the optimized microstrip line 90° slope
- the junction improves the signal transmission bandwidth to realize broadband power combining of signals.
- the differential signal generation network 10 can be a coplanar stripline balun at the input end, and the structure of the coplanar stripline balun at the input end is the same as that of the coplanar stripline balun at the output end shown in FIG. 3 . The difference is that the input and output are reversed.
- the differential signal generation network 10 is a 180° hybrid network, and the output end still adopts a coplanar stripline balun structure to realize the power of the differential signal Synthesis, the signal bandwidth of the entire microwave power amplifier depends on the bandwidth characteristics of the 180° hybrid network and the coplanar stripline balun, and optimizing the gain characteristics of the amplifier is helpful for broadband amplification of the signal.
- a coplanar stripline balun is used to realize power distribution and/or power synthesis.
- the coplanar stripline balun can be manufactured through a planar circuit process, which is conducive to high integration and chip miniaturization, and at the same time, the cost is relatively low.
- the coplanar stripline balun has a wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, and good consistency. It can be integrated with the antenna to form a radio frequency front-end array and output high power.
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the technical field of electronics, and provides a broadband microwave power amplifier. The broadband microwave power amplifier comprises: a differential signal generation network, provided with a signal input end, a first differential signal output end, and a second differential signal output end; a first input matching network, an input end of the first input matching network being connected to the first differential signal output end; a second input matching network, an input end of the second input matching network being connected to the second differential signal output end; a first amplification unit, an input end of the first amplification unit being connected to an output end of the first input matching network; a second amplification unit, an input end of the second amplification unit being connected to an output end of the second input matching network; a first output matching network, an input end of the first output matching network being connected to an output end of the first amplification unit; a second output matching network, an input end of the second output matching network being connected to an output end of the second amplification unit; and an output end coplanar stripline balun. According to the present invention, broadband can be realized, the integration level is high, the miniaturization of a chip is facilitated, the cost is low, and the consistency is good.
Description
本发明涉及电子技术领域，尤其涉及一种宽带微波功率放大器。The invention relates to the field of electronic technology, in particular to a broadband microwave power amplifier.
微波功率放大器位于无线通信系统发射链路的最末端，用于将发射信号放大到一定功率水平，驱动天线将信号传播一定的通信距离。微波功率放大器性能决定着无线通信信号传输的质量，其功率的大小决定着传播距离的远近。为了传播更远的距离，需要大功率的微波功率放大器。采用集成电路工艺设计微波功率放大器必须要考虑到集成电路工艺特性。当前，设计微波功率放大器的主要集成电路工艺包括GaAs HBT、SiGe HBT和CMOS工艺。CMOS工艺广泛应用于数字电路、信号处理、微波收发器等电路中，在成本上具有优势。不过对于微波功率放大器设计而言，CMOS器件较低的击穿电压限制了其用于设计较大功率的电路。同样，基于硅基材料的SiGe HBT，常常被用于设计中小功率的驱动放大器以及低噪声放大器。因为GaAs HBT在击穿电压、线性特性、带宽和效率上的优势，工程实践中更多采用GaAs HBT来设计微波功率放大器。常见的GaAs HBT器件的击穿电压只有十几伏电压，只能工作在3.3V、4.2V、5V等低电源电压条件下，为了保证可靠的工作，单端结构的GaAs HBT微波功率放大器的饱和输出功率往往被限制在3W左右。要输出更大的功率，必须使用功率合成的方法。The microwave power amplifier is located at the end of the transmission chain of the wireless communication system, and is used to amplify the transmission signal to a certain power level and drive the antenna to propagate the signal for a certain communication distance. The performance of microwave power amplifier determines the quality of wireless communication signal transmission, and its power determines the distance of propagation. In order to propagate longer distances, high-power microwave power amplifiers are required. Designing a microwave power amplifier using an integrated circuit process must take into account the characteristics of the integrated circuit process. Currently, the main integrated circuit processes for designing microwave power amplifiers include GaAs HBT, SiGe HBT and CMOS processes. CMOS technology is widely used in digital circuits, signal processing, microwave transceivers and other circuits, and has advantages in cost. However, for the design of microwave power amplifiers, the lower breakdown voltage of CMOS devices limits its use in designing circuits with higher power. Similarly, SiGe HBTs based on silicon-based materials are often used to design small and medium power drive amplifiers and low noise amplifiers. Because of the advantages of GaAs HBT in breakdown voltage, linearity, bandwidth and efficiency, GaAs HBT is more used in engineering practice to design microwave power amplifiers. The breakdown voltage of common GaAs HBT devices is only a dozen volts, and can only work under low power supply voltage conditions such as 3.3V, 4.2V, and 5V. In order to ensure reliable operation, the saturation of GaAs HBT microwave power amplifiers with single-ended structures Output power is often limited to around 3W. To output more power, the method of power synthesis must be used.
在大多数应用中，无线通信系统要求微波功率放大器的输入输出是单端形式。由于平衡式放大器具有抗干扰能力强，抗电源噪声和地噪声，且具有偶数谐波抑制功能，单片微波集成电路(MMIC)常常采用平衡式功率合成技术，以实现单端输入单端输出，同时实现两路功率合成，输出更大功率。如图1所示为常见的采用同轴传输线变压器巴伦构成的平衡式微波功率放大器。同轴传输线变压器巴伦也称电流巴伦，同轴电缆内部的电流大小相等且相位相反，虽然可保证两个输出端的输出电流相等，但输出电压不一定相等。同轴传输线 变压器巴伦要用到同轴线，为非平面电路工艺，不利于产品小型化，输出功率的一致性和稳定性也受到影响。In most applications, wireless communication systems require the input and output of microwave power amplifiers to be single-ended. Because the balanced amplifier has strong anti-interference ability, anti-power supply noise and ground noise, and has even harmonic suppression function, monolithic microwave integrated circuits (MMIC) often use balanced power combining technology to achieve single-ended input and single-ended output. Simultaneously achieve two-way power synthesis, output more power. As shown in Figure 1, it is a common balanced microwave power amplifier composed of a coaxial transmission line transformer balun. Coaxial transmission line transformer baluns are also called current baluns. The currents inside the coaxial cable are equal in size and opposite in phase. Although the output currents of the two output terminals can be guaranteed to be equal, the output voltages are not necessarily equal. Coaxial transmission line The transformer balun uses a coaxial line, which is a non-planar circuit technology, which is not conducive to product miniaturization, and the consistency and stability of output power are also affected.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明实施例提供一种宽带微波功率放大器，以解决上述技术问题。An embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband microwave power amplifier to solve the above technical problems.
本发明实施例提供一种宽带微波功率放大器，包括：An embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband microwave power amplifier, including:
差分信号生成网络，所述差分信号生成网络设置有信号输入端、第一差分信号输出端、及第二差分信号输出端，原始输入信号由所述信号输入端输入，通过所述差分信号生成网络后，由所述第一差分信号输出端、第二差分信号输出端输出差分信号；A differential signal generating network, the differential signal generating network is provided with a signal input terminal, a first differential signal output terminal, and a second differential signal output terminal, the original input signal is input from the signal input terminal, and the differential signal generating network passes through the differential signal generating network Afterwards, a differential signal is output from the first differential signal output terminal and the second differential signal output terminal;
第一输入匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第一差分信号输出端；a first input matching network, the input end of which is connected to the first differential signal output end;
第二输入匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第二差分信号输出端；a second input matching network, the input end of which is connected to the second differential signal output end;
第一放大单元，其输入端连接所述第一输入匹配网络的输出端；a first amplifying unit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first input matching network;
第二放大单元，其输入端连接所述第二输入匹配网络的输出端；a second amplifying unit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second input matching network;
第一输出匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第一放大单元的输出端；a first output matching network, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first amplifying unit;
第二输出匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第二放大单元的输出端；a second output matching network, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second amplifying unit;
输出端共面带线巴伦，所述输出端共面带线巴伦设置有第一差分信号输入端、第二差分信号输入端、以及信号输出端，所述第一差分信号输入端连接所述第一输出匹配网络的输出端，所述第二差分信号输入端连接所述第二输出匹配网络的输出端，所述差分信号经通过所述输出端共面带线巴伦进行合成后由其信号输出端输出。A coplanar stripline balun at the output end, the coplanar stripline balun at the output end is provided with a first differential signal input terminal, a second differential signal input terminal, and a signal output terminal, and the first differential signal input terminal is connected to the The output terminal of the first output matching network, the input terminal of the second differential signal is connected to the output terminal of the second output matching network, and the differential signal is synthesized by the coplanar stripline balun at the output terminal. Its signal output terminal outputs.
优选的，所述差分信号生成网络为输入端共面带线巴伦。Preferably, the differential signal generating network is a coplanar stripline balun at the input end.
优选的，所述输入端共面带线巴伦的信号输入端、第一差分信号输出端、第二差分信号输出端的阻抗相同。Preferably, the signal input end, the first differential signal output end, and the second differential signal output end of the input-end coplanar stripline balun have the same impedance.
优选的，所述输出端共面带线巴伦的信号输出端、第一差分信号输入端、第二差分信号输入端的阻抗相同。Preferably, the signal output end, the first differential signal input end, and the second differential signal input end of the output-port coplanar stripline balun have the same impedance.
优选的，输出端共面带线巴伦包括：第一差分信号输入端、与所述第一差分信号输入端连接并弯折延伸的第一传输线、第二差分信号输入端、与所述第二差分信号输入端连接并弯折延伸的第二传输线、分别连接所述第一传输线和所述第二传输线的第三传输线、信号输出端、以及地平面。Preferably, the output terminal coplanar stripline balun includes: a first differential signal input terminal, a first transmission line connected to the first differential signal input terminal and bent and extended, a second differential signal input terminal, and the first differential signal input terminal. The two differential signal input terminals are connected to and bent to extend the second transmission line, a third transmission line respectively connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, a signal output terminal, and a ground plane.
优选的，所述第一传输线的长度为3/4波长，所述第二传输线的长度为1/4波长。Preferably, the length of the first transmission line is 3/4 wavelength, and the length of the second transmission line is 1/4 wavelength.
优选的，所述第一传输线、第二传输线的宽度相同。Preferably, the first transmission line and the second transmission line have the same width.
优选的，所述第三传输线的宽度与所述第一传输线、第二传输线的宽度之和相同。Preferably, the width of the third transmission line is the same as the sum of the widths of the first transmission line and the second transmission line.
优选的，所述第一传输线、第二传输线以垂直于第三传输线的方式进行弯折后连接到所述第三传输线，所述第一传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L1，所述第二传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L2，其中，L1-L2＝λg/4，λg为微带线波导波长。Preferably, the first transmission line and the second transmission line are bent perpendicular to the third transmission line and then connected to the third transmission line, and the height of the first transmission line bent relative to the third transmission line is L1, the bending and extending height of the second transmission line relative to the third transmission line is L2, wherein, L1-L2=λg/4, λg is the waveguide wavelength of the microstrip line.
优选的，所述地平面为截断地平面。Preferably, the ground plane is a truncated ground plane.
优选的，所述差分信号生成网络为180°混合网络。Preferably, the differential signal generation network is a 180° hybrid network.
本发明实施例中，采用共面带线巴伦实现功率的分配和或功率合成，该共面带线巴伦，可通过平面电路工艺制造，有利于高集成度和芯片小型化，同时成本较低，另外共面带线巴伦带宽较宽，插损小，一致性好，可与天线集成，形成射频前端阵列，输出高功率。In the embodiment of the present invention, a coplanar stripline balun is used to realize power distribution and/or power synthesis. The coplanar stripline balun can be manufactured through a planar circuit process, which is conducive to high integration and chip miniaturization, and at the same time, the cost is relatively low. In addition, the coplanar stripline balun has a wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, and good consistency. It can be integrated with the antenna to form a radio frequency front-end array and output high power.
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only These are some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1是现有微波功率放大器的结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing microwave power amplifier;
图2是本发明实施例提供的微波功率放大器的一种结构示意图；FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中输出端共面带线巴伦的结构示意图；Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a coplanar stripline balun at the output end in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例提供的微波功率放大器的另一种结构示意图。Fig. 4 is another schematic structural diagram of a microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的每个行人其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments of pedestrians obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及附图说明中的术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。本申请的说明书和权利要求书或附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本申请的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification, claims and descriptions of the drawings of this application are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first", "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the present application or in the drawings are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order. Reference herein to an "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The occurrences of this phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood explicitly and implicitly by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
如图2所示，图2是本发明实施例提供的一种宽带微波功率放大器，包括：差分信号生成网络10、第一输入匹配网络21、第二输入匹配网络22、第一放大单元31、第二放大单元32、第一输出匹配网络41、第二输出匹配网络42、以及输出端共面带线巴伦50。As shown in Figure 2, Figure 2 is a broadband microwave power amplifier provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a differential signal generation network 10, a first input matching network 21, a second input matching network 22, a first amplification unit 31, The second amplifying unit 32 , the first output matching network 41 , the second output matching network 42 , and the stripline balun 50 at the output end are coplanar.
其中，所述差分信号生成网络10设置有信号输入端、第一差分信号输出端、及第二差分信号输出端，原始输入信号RFin由所述信号输入端输入，通过所述差分信号生成网络10后，由所述第一差分信号输出端输出第一差分信号RF+，由第二差分信号输出端输出第二差分信号RF-。Wherein, the differential signal generation network 10 is provided with a signal input terminal, a first differential signal output terminal, and a second differential signal output terminal, the original input signal RFin is input by the signal input terminal, and passed through the differential signal generation network 10 Afterwards, the first differential signal RF+ is output from the first differential signal output end, and the second differential signal RF- is output from the second differential signal output end.
所述第一输入匹配网络21的输入端连接所述差分信号生成网络10的第一差分信号输出端，对第一差分信号RF+提供阻抗匹配；所述第二输入匹配网络22其输入端连接所述第二差分信号输出端，对第二差分信号RF-提供阻抗匹配。The input end of the first input matching network 21 is connected to the first differential signal output end of the differential signal generation network 10, and provides impedance matching for the first differential signal RF+; the input end of the second input matching network 22 is connected to the The second differential signal output terminal provides impedance matching for the second differential signal RF-.
所述第一放大单元31的输入端连接所述第一输入匹配网络21的输出端，用于对经阻抗匹配后的第一差分信号RF+进行放大处理；第二放大单元32的输入端连接所述第二输入匹配网络22的输出端，用于对经阻抗匹配后的第二差分信号RF-进行放大处理。The input end of the first amplifying unit 31 is connected to the output end of the first input matching network 21 for amplifying the first differential signal RF+ after impedance matching; the input end of the second amplifying unit 32 is connected to the The output end of the second input matching network 22 is used to amplify the impedance-matched second differential signal RF-.
所述第一输出匹配网络41的输入端连接所述第一放大单元31的输出端，用于对经放大处理后的第一差分信号RF+进行再次阻抗匹配；第二输出匹配网络42的输入端连接所述第二放大单元32的输出端，用于对经放大处理后的第二差分信号RF-进行再次阻抗匹配。The input end of the first output matching network 41 is connected to the output end of the first amplifying unit 31 for performing impedance matching on the amplified first differential signal RF+ again; the input end of the second output matching network 42 The output end of the second amplifying unit 32 is connected to perform impedance matching on the amplified second differential signal RF− again.
本实施例中，如图3所示，输出端共面带线巴伦50设置有第一差分信号输入端P+、第二差分信号输入端P-、以及信号输出端CM(公共端)，所述第 一差分信号输入端P+连接所述第一输出匹配网络41的输出端，所述第二差分信号输入端P-连接所述第二输出匹配网络42的输出端，第一差分信号RF+、第二差分信号RF-在通过放大和阻抗匹配后，通过所述输出端共面带线巴伦50进行合成后由其信号输出端输出末端信号RFout。In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3 , the output terminal coplanar stripline balun 50 is provided with a first differential signal input terminal P+, a second differential signal input terminal P−, and a signal output terminal CM (common terminal), so The first differential signal input terminal P+ is connected to the output terminal of the first output matching network 41, the second differential signal input terminal P- is connected to the output terminal of the second output matching network 42, and the first differential signal RF+, The second differential signal RF-, after being amplified and impedance-matched, is synthesized by the coplanar stripline balun 50 at the output end, and then an end signal RFout is output from its signal output end.
本实施例中，所述输出端共面带线巴伦50的信号输出端CM、第一差分信号输入端P+、第二差分信号输入端P-的阻抗相同。本实施例中，它们的阻抗都为50欧姆。In this embodiment, the impedances of the signal output terminal CM, the first differential signal input terminal P+, and the second differential signal input terminal P− of the output coplanar stripline balun 50 are the same. In this embodiment, their impedances are all 50 ohms.
在本实施例中，输出端共面带线巴伦包括：第一差分信号输入端P+、与所述第一差分信号输入端P+连接并弯折延伸的第一传输线CD、第二差分信号输入端P-、与所述第二差分信号输入端P-连接并弯折延伸的第二传输线AB、分别连接所述第一传输线CD和所述第二传输线AB的第三传输线EF、信号输出端CM、以及地平面。In this embodiment, the output terminal coplanar stripline balun includes: a first differential signal input terminal P+, a first transmission line CD connected to the first differential signal input terminal P+ and bent and extended, a second differential signal input terminal Terminal P-, a second transmission line AB connected to the second differential signal input terminal P- and bent and extended, a third transmission line EF respectively connected to the first transmission line CD and the second transmission line AB, and a signal output terminal CM, and the ground plane.
本实施例中，所述第一传输线CD的长度为3/4波长，所述第二传输线AB的长度为1/4波长。In this embodiment, the length of the first transmission line CD is 3/4 wavelength, and the length of the second transmission line AB is 1/4 wavelength.
本实施例中，所述第一传输线CD的宽度W
2与第二传输线AB的宽度W
1相同，使其特性阻抗均为35.5欧姆。
In this embodiment, the width W 2 of the first transmission line CD is the same as the width W 1 of the second transmission line AB, so that their characteristic impedances are both 35.5 ohms.
本实施例中，所述第三传输线的宽度W
3与所述第一传输线、第二传输线的宽度之和相同，即W
3＝W
2+W
1。
In this embodiment, the width W 3 of the third transmission line is the same as the sum of the widths of the first transmission line and the second transmission line, that is, W 3 =W 2 +W 1 .
在本实施例中，所述第一传输线CD、第二传输线AB以垂直于第三传输线EF的方式进行弯折后连接到所述第三传输线，所述第一传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L1，所述第二传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L2，其中，L1-L2＝λg/4，λg为微带线波导波长，微波信号经过传输线AB和CD后，相位相差180°，微带线中仅传播奇模信号，抑制了偶模信号。In this embodiment, the first transmission line CD and the second transmission line AB are connected to the third transmission line after being bent in a manner perpendicular to the third transmission line EF, and the first transmission line is opposite to the third transmission line The height of the bending extension is L1, and the height of the bending extension of the second transmission line relative to the third transmission line is L2, wherein, L1-L2=λg/4, λg is the waveguide wavelength of the microstrip line, and the microwave signal passes through the transmission line After AB and CD, the phase difference is 180°, and only the odd-mode signal is propagated in the microstrip line, and the even-mode signal is suppressed.
在本实施例中，所述地平面为截断地平面，以实现信号从50欧姆到共面带线巴伦的平滑过渡，微带线中还设置有90°弯斜接面(图3中标注90°处的两相对弯斜接面)，即第一传输线CD、第二传输线AB的弯折斜面、以及与第三传输线EF连接处的弯折斜面，优化后的微带线90°弯斜接面提高了信号传输带宽，以实现信号的宽带功率合成。In this embodiment, the ground plane is a truncated ground plane, so as to realize the smooth transition of the signal from 50 ohms to the coplanar strip line balun, and a 90° curved mitered surface (marked in FIG. 3 ) is also provided in the microstrip line 90° of the two opposite bend miter surfaces), that is, the first transmission line CD, the second transmission line AB bending slope, and the bending slope at the connection with the third transmission line EF, the optimized microstrip line 90° slope The junction improves the signal transmission bandwidth to realize broadband power combining of signals.
在本实施例中，差分信号生成网络10可以为输入端共面带线巴伦，该输 入端共面带线巴伦的结构与图3所示的输出端共面带线巴伦的结构相同。不同在于输入和输出是相反的。In this embodiment, the differential signal generation network 10 can be a coplanar stripline balun at the input end, and the structure of the coplanar stripline balun at the input end is the same as that of the coplanar stripline balun at the output end shown in FIG. 3 . The difference is that the input and output are reversed.
作为本实施例的另一种可替代的实施方式，如图4所示，所述差分信号生成网络10为180°混合网络，而输出端依然采用共面带线巴伦结构实现差分信号的功率合成，整个微波功率放大器的信号带宽取决于180°混合网络和共面带线巴伦的带宽特性，优化放大器的增益特性有助于信号的宽带放大。As another alternative implementation of this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the differential signal generation network 10 is a 180° hybrid network, and the output end still adopts a coplanar stripline balun structure to realize the power of the differential signal Synthesis, the signal bandwidth of the entire microwave power amplifier depends on the bandwidth characteristics of the 180° hybrid network and the coplanar stripline balun, and optimizing the gain characteristics of the amplifier is helpful for broadband amplification of the signal.
本发明实施例中，采用共面带线巴伦实现功率的分配和或功率合成，该共面带线巴伦，可通过平面电路工艺制造，有利于高集成度和芯片小型化，同时成本较低，另外共面带线巴伦带宽较宽，插损小，一致性好，可与天线集成，形成射频前端阵列，输出高功率。In the embodiment of the present invention, a coplanar stripline balun is used to realize power distribution and/or power synthesis. The coplanar stripline balun can be manufactured through a planar circuit process, which is conducive to high integration and chip miniaturization, and at the same time, the cost is relatively low. In addition, the coplanar stripline balun has a wide bandwidth, small insertion loss, and good consistency. It can be integrated with the antenna to form a radio frequency front-end array and output high power.
以上所揭露的仅为本发明较佳实施例而已，当然不能以此来限定本发明之权利范围，因此依本发明权利要求所作的等同变化，仍属本发明所涵盖的范围。The above disclosures are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and certainly cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
- 一种宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，包括：A broadband microwave power amplifier, characterized in that it comprises:差分信号生成网络，所述差分信号生成网络设置有信号输入端、第一差分信号输出端、及第二差分信号输出端，原始输入信号由所述信号输入端输入，通过所述差分信号生成网络后，由所述第一差分信号输出端、第二差分信号输出端输出差分信号；A differential signal generating network, the differential signal generating network is provided with a signal input terminal, a first differential signal output terminal, and a second differential signal output terminal, the original input signal is input from the signal input terminal, and the differential signal generating network passes through the differential signal generating network Afterwards, a differential signal is output from the first differential signal output terminal and the second differential signal output terminal;第一输入匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第一差分信号输出端；a first input matching network, the input end of which is connected to the first differential signal output end;第二输入匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第二差分信号输出端；a second input matching network, the input end of which is connected to the second differential signal output end;第一放大单元，其输入端连接所述第一输入匹配网络的输出端；a first amplifying unit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first input matching network;第二放大单元，其输入端连接所述第二输入匹配网络的输出端；a second amplifying unit, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second input matching network;第一输出匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第一放大单元的输出端；a first output matching network, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the first amplifying unit;第二输出匹配网络，其输入端连接所述第二放大单元的输出端；a second output matching network, the input end of which is connected to the output end of the second amplifying unit;输出端共面带线巴伦，所述输出端共面带线巴伦设置有第一差分信号输入端、第二差分信号输入端、以及信号输出端，所述第一差分信号输入端连接所述第一输出匹配网络的输出端，所述第二差分信号输入端连接所述第二输出匹配网络的输出端，所述差分信号经通过所述输出端共面带线巴伦进行合成后由其信号输出端输出。A coplanar stripline balun at the output end, the coplanar stripline balun at the output end is provided with a first differential signal input terminal, a second differential signal input terminal, and a signal output terminal, and the first differential signal input terminal is connected to the The output terminal of the first output matching network, the input terminal of the second differential signal is connected to the output terminal of the second output matching network, and the differential signal is synthesized by the coplanar stripline balun at the output terminal. Its signal output terminal outputs.
- 如权利要求1所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述差分信号生成网络为输入端共面带线巴伦。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the differential signal generation network is a coplanar stripline balun at the input end.
- 如权利要求2所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述输入端共面带线巴伦的信号输入端、第一差分信号输出端、第二差分信号输出端的阻抗相同。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 2, wherein the impedances of the signal input end, the first differential signal output end, and the second differential signal output end of the input-end coplanar stripline balun are the same.
- 如权利要求1或2所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述输出端共面带线巴伦的信号输出端、第一差分信号输入端、第二差分信号输入端的阻抗相同。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the impedances of the signal output end, the first differential signal input end, and the second differential signal input end of the output-end coplanar stripline balun are the same.
- 如权利要求2所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，输出端共面带线巴伦包括：第一差分信号输入端、与所述第一差分信号输入端连接并弯折延伸的第一传输线、第二差分信号输入端、与所述第二差分信号输入端连接并弯折延伸的第二传输线、分别连接所述第一传输线和所述第二传输线的第三传 输线、信号输出端、以及地平面。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 2, characterized in that, the coplanar stripline balun at the output end comprises: a first differential signal input end, a first bent and extended first differential signal input end connected to the first differential signal input end a transmission line, a second differential signal input end, a second transmission line connected to the second differential signal input end and bent and extended, a third transmission line respectively connected to the first transmission line and the second transmission line, a signal output end, and the ground plane.
- 如权利要求5所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述第一传输线的长度为3/4波长，所述第二传输线的长度为1/4波长。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the length of the first transmission line is 3/4 wavelength, and the length of the second transmission line is 1/4 wavelength.
- 如权利要求5所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述第一传输线、第二传输线的宽度相同。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the widths of the first transmission line and the second transmission line are the same.
- 如权利要求7所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述第三传输线的宽度与所述第一传输线、第二传输线的宽度之和相同。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 7, wherein the width of the third transmission line is the same as the sum of the widths of the first transmission line and the second transmission line.
- 如权利要求5所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述第一传输线、第二传输线以垂直于第三传输线的方式进行弯折后连接到所述第三传输线，所述第一传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L1，所述第二传输线相对于所述第三传输线弯折延伸的高度为L2，其中，L1-L2＝λ g/4，λ g为微带线波导波长。 The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the first transmission line and the second transmission line are connected to the third transmission line after being bent in a manner perpendicular to the third transmission line, and the first transmission line The height of bending and extending relative to the third transmission line is L1, and the height of bending and extending of the second transmission line relative to the third transmission line is L2, wherein, L1-L2= λg /4, where λg is micro Stripline waveguide wavelength.
- 如权利要求5所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述地平面为截断地平面。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 5, wherein the ground plane is a truncated ground plane.
- 如权利要求1所述的宽带微波功率放大器，其特征在于，所述差分信号生成网络为180°混合网络。The broadband microwave power amplifier according to claim 1, wherein the differential signal generation network is a 180° hybrid network.
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| PCT/CN2022/090594 WO2023060879A1 (en) | 2021-10-11 | 2022-04-29 | Broadband microwave power amplifier |
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| WO (1) | WO2023060879A1 (en) |
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| CN113612456A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Broadband microwave power amplifier |
| CN114094960A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-25 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | MMIC microwave power amplifier and radio frequency front end module |
| CN115800936B (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-07-21 | 康希通信科技（上海）有限公司 | Amplifying circuit, wireless communication module and electronic device |
| CN117318636B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-27 | 成都嘉纳海威科技有限责任公司 | High-integration dual-mode amplifier chip |
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| CN113037223A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 广东工业大学 | Broadband differential radio frequency power amplifier with second harmonic suppression |
| CN113612456A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Broadband microwave power amplifier |
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| US6819200B2 (en) * | 2002-07-26 | 2004-11-16 | Freescale Semiconductor, Inc. | Broadband balun and impedance transformer for push-pull amplifiers |
| CN103580645B (en) * | 2013-08-06 | 2017-05-17 | 南京理工大学 | 0/pi digital phase shifter based on ultra wide band balun |
| CN105789802B (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2018-09-04 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of ultra wide band balun based on novel interconnection architecture |
| CN109660211B (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2023-06-30 | 汪洋 | 5G CMOS radio frequency power amplifier of power synthesis sum Envelope injection |
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2021
- 2021-10-11 CN CN202111181095.8A patent/CN113612456A/en active Pending
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- 2022-04-29 WO PCT/CN2022/090594 patent/WO2023060879A1/en unknown
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| US20100045403A1 (en) * | 2008-08-19 | 2010-02-25 | Harris Corporation | Miniature 180 degree hybrid coupler |
| CN202261179U (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-05-30 | 成都信息工程学院 | P-band radio frequency push-pull high-power amplifier |
| CN112019168A (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2020-12-01 | 武汉大学 | Power amplifier based on slow wave microstrip line matching network |
| CN113037223A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 广东工业大学 | Broadband differential radio frequency power amplifier with second harmonic suppression |
| CN113612456A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-05 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Broadband microwave power amplifier |
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| CN113612456A (en) | 2021-11-05 |
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