WO2023054652A1 - 光電変換モジュール、パドル及び光電変換モジュールの製造方法 - Google Patents
光電変換モジュール、パドル及び光電変換モジュールの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023054652A1 WO2023054652A1 PCT/JP2022/036606 JP2022036606W WO2023054652A1 WO 2023054652 A1 WO2023054652 A1 WO 2023054652A1 JP 2022036606 W JP2022036606 W JP 2022036606W WO 2023054652 A1 WO2023054652 A1 WO 2023054652A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
- H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/904—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells characterised by the shapes of the structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/90—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers
- H10F19/902—Structures for connecting between photovoltaic cells, e.g. interconnections or insulating spacers for series or parallel connection of photovoltaic cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S30/00—Structural details of PV modules other than those related to light conversion
- H02S30/20—Collapsible or foldable PV modules
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/10—Semiconductor bodies
- H10F77/16—Material structures, e.g. crystalline structures, film structures or crystal plane orientations
- H10F77/169—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates
- H10F77/1698—Thin semiconductor films on metallic or insulating substrates the metallic or insulating substrates being flexible
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/50—Encapsulations or containers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a photoelectric conversion module, a paddle, and a method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion module.
- a photoelectric conversion module that converts light energy into electrical energy is known (Patent Document 1).
- a photoelectric conversion module described in Patent Document 1 includes a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements. Ends of photoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other are overlapped with each other. Photoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by a conductor such as solder, for example, in the overlapping regions (see FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1).
- a photoelectric conversion module capable of suppressing short-circuiting between photoelectric conversion elements adjacent to each other by another method and a method of manufacturing the same are desired.
- a photoelectric conversion module includes a first photoelectric conversion element having a conductive substrate and a second photoelectric conversion element having a conductive substrate.
- the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element are arranged side by side so as to partially overlap each other.
- a portion of the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element is electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion element.
- An insulating material is provided on the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element to separate the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element from the conductive substrate of the first photoelectric conversion element.
- a method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion module includes preparing a first photoelectric conversion element having a conductive substrate and a second photoelectric conversion element having a conductive substrate and an insulating material provided on the conductive substrate. and electrically connecting a portion of the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element to the first photoelectric conversion element.
- the insulating material separates the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element from the conductive substrate of the first photoelectric conversion element, and separates the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element from the conductive substrate of the second photoelectric conversion element.
- a paddle according to one aspect includes the photoelectric conversion module described above.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a photoelectric conversion module according to a first embodiment
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the photoelectric conversion module viewed from the Y direction in FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of each photoelectric conversion element that constitutes the photoelectric conversion module
- FIG. 4 is a schematic rear view of the photoelectric conversion element shown in FIG. 3 as seen from the opposite side
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram for explaining a region of the first photoelectric conversion element covered by the insulating material of the second photoelectric conversion element
- FIG. 10 is a schematic back view of each photoelectric conversion element that constitutes the photoelectric conversion module according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram for explaining a region covered with an insulating material of a second photoelectric conversion element of the first photoelectric conversion element according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 11 is a schematic plan view of a photoelectric conversion module according to a third embodiment
- 1 is a schematic perspective view of an artificial satellite equipped with a photoelectric conversion module
- FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a photoelectric conversion module according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the photoelectric conversion module viewed from the Y direction in FIG. 1.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of one photoelectric conversion element forming a photoelectric conversion module.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic back view of the photoelectric conversion element shown in FIG. 3 as seen from the opposite side. 3 and 4, in order to explain the structure of each photoelectric conversion element that constitutes the photoelectric conversion module, it should be noted that reference numerals are assigned to each photoelectric conversion element.
- the photoelectric conversion module 100 has a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b and a conductor 200 that electrically connects the adjacent photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b to each other.
- the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b are arranged side by side in one direction (the X direction in the drawing).
- Photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other are arranged side by side so as to partially overlap each other. Specifically, one end of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b overlaps the other end of the adjacent photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b in the thickness direction.
- Photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other are electrically connected to each other by a conductor 200 at the overlapping portion.
- the conductor 200 may be made of a conductive member such as solder or conductive paste.
- the number of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b arranged in one direction should be at least two, preferably three or more.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b according to this embodiment may be thin film type photoelectric conversion elements.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b are solar cell elements that convert light energy into electrical energy.
- Each photoelectric conversion element 10a, 10b has a conductive substrate 20a, 20b that serves as a base for depositing each layer such as first electrode layers 22a, 22b to be described later.
- the conductive substrates 20a and 20b are made of substrates such as metal substrates. Further, the conductive substrates 20a, 20b may be flexible substrates. The shape and dimensions of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b are appropriately determined according to the size of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b.
- the conductive substrates 20a and 20b are made of, for example, titanium (Ti), stainless steel (SUS), copper, aluminum, or alloys thereof.
- the conductive substrates 20a and 20b may have a laminated structure in which a plurality of metal substrates are laminated.
- stainless steel foil, titanium foil, or molybdenum foil may be formed on the surfaces of the substrates.
- a film of a metal material such as molybdenum, titanium, or chromium may be formed on the back side of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b can be bent, and cracking of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b due to bending can be suppressed. Furthermore, in the above case, it becomes easier to reduce the weight and thickness of the photoelectric conversion module 100 compared to the glass substrate.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b include at least first electrode layers 22a and 22b, second electrode layers 24a and 24b, and photoelectric conversion elements provided between the first electrode layers 22a and 22b and the second electrode layers 24a and 24b.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are layers that contribute to mutual conversion between light energy and electric energy. In a solar cell element that converts light energy into electrical energy, the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are sometimes called light absorption layers.
- the first electrode layers 22a, 22b and the second electrode layers 24a, 24b are adjacent to the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b.
- the term "adjacent” shall mean not only that both layers are in direct contact, but also that both layers are adjacent through another layer.
- the first electrode layers 22a, 22b are provided between the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b and the conductive substrates 20a, 20b.
- the second electrode layers 24a, 24b are located on the side opposite to the conductive substrates 20a, 20b with respect to the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b. Therefore, the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b are located between the first electrode layers 22a, 22b and the second electrode layers 24a, 24b.
- the first electrode layers 22a, 22b are connected to the conductive substrates 20a, 20b.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b may be composed of transparent electrode layers.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b are made of transparent electrode layers, light incident on the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b or emitted from the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b passes through the second electrode layers 24a and 24b. .
- the first electrode layers 22a and 22b may be composed of opaque electrode layers or transparent electrode layers.
- the first electrode layers 22a, 22b may be made of metal such as molybdenum, titanium or chromium, for example.
- the thickness of the first electrode layers 22a and 22b may be, for example, 50 nm to 1500 nm.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b may be made of an n-type semiconductor, more specifically, a material having n-type conductivity and relatively low resistance.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b can function as both an n-type semiconductor and a transparent electrode layer.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b comprise, for example, a metal oxide doped with a Group III element (B, Al, Ga, or In) as a dopant. Examples of metal oxides are ZnO or SnO2 .
- the second electrode layer 24 is, for example, indium tin oxide (In 2 O 3 :Sn), indium titanium oxide (In 2 O 3 :Ti), indium zinc oxide (In 2 O 3 :Zn), tin zinc doped indium oxide.
- the thickness of the second electrode layers 24a and 24b is, for example, 0.5 ⁇ m to 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b may contain, for example, a p-type semiconductor.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b may function as, for example, polycrystalline or microcrystalline p-type compound semiconductor layers.
- the thickness of the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b is, for example, 1.0 ⁇ m to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are composed of a chalcogen semiconductor containing a chalcogen element, and function as polycrystalline or microcrystalline p-type compound semiconductor layers.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are composed of, for example, a group I-III-VI 2 compound semiconductor having a chalcopyrite structure containing a group I element, a group III element, and a group VI element (chalcogen element).
- the Group I element can be selected from copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), and the like.
- Group III elements can be selected from indium (In), gallium (Ga), aluminum (Al), and the like.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b may contain tellurium (Te) as well as selenium (Se) and sulfur (S) as group VI elements.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b may contain alkali metals such as Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b may be composed of an I 2 -(II-IV)-VI Group 4 compound semiconductor which is a CZTS-based chalcogen semiconductor containing Cu, Zn, Sn, S or Se. good.
- CZTS-based chalcogen semiconductors include those using compounds such as Cu 2 ZnSnSe 4 and Cu 2 ZnSn(S, Se) 4 .
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are not limited to those described above, and may be made of any material that causes photoelectric conversion.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may have a first buffer layer (not shown) between the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b and the first electrode layers 22a and 22b, if necessary.
- the first buffer layer may be a semiconductor material having the same conductivity type as the first electrode layers 22a and 22b, or may be a semiconductor material having a different conductivity type.
- the first buffer layer may be made of a material having higher electrical resistance than the first electrode layers 22a and 22b.
- the first buffer layer is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, a layer containing a chalcogenide compound of a transition metal element having a layered structure.
- the first buffer layer may be composed of a compound composed of a transition metal material such as M, W, Ti, V, Cr, Nb and Ta and a chalcogen element such as O, S and Se.
- the first buffer layer may be, for example, a ⁇ 866(Se,S) 2 layer, a ⁇ firmwareSe 2 layer, a ⁇ CaesarS 2 layer, a Cr x TaS 2 layer, or the like.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may have second buffer layers (not shown) between the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b and the second electrode layers 24a and 24b, if necessary.
- the second buffer layer may be a semiconductor material having the same conductivity type as the second electrode layers 24a and 24b, or may be a semiconductor material having a different conductivity type.
- the second buffer layer may be made of a material having higher electrical resistance than the second electrode layers 24a and 24b.
- a second buffer layer is formed on the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b.
- the thickness of the second buffer layer is, for example, 10 nm to 100 nm.
- the second buffer layer can be selected from compounds containing zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and indium (In).
- Compounds containing zinc include, for example, ZnO, ZnS, Zn(OH) 2 , or mixed crystals thereof such as Zn(O,S) and Zn(O,S,OH), as well as ZnMgO and ZnSnO.
- compounds containing cadmium include CdS, CdO, and mixed crystals thereof such as Cd(O,S) and Cd(O,S,OH).
- Examples of compounds containing indium include In 2 S 3 , In 2 O 3 , and mixed crystals thereof In 2 (O, S) 3 and In 2 (O, S, OH) 3 . 2 O 3 , In 2 S 3 , In(OH) x and the like can be used.
- the second buffer layer may have a laminated structure of these compounds.
- the second buffer layer has the effect of improving characteristics such as photoelectric conversion efficiency, but it is also possible to omit it.
- the second buffer layer is omitted, the second electrode layers 24a, 24b are formed directly on the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b.
- the laminated structure of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b is not limited to the above aspect, and can take various aspects.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may have a configuration in which both the n-type semiconductor and the p-type semiconductor are sandwiched between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer.
- the second electrode layer does not have to be made of an n-type semiconductor.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b are not limited to the pn junction type structure, but are of the pin junction type including an intrinsic semiconductor layer (i-type semiconductor) between an n-type semiconductor and a p-type semiconductor. You may have a structure.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a, 10b are provided with collecting electrodes 30a, 30b connected to the second electrode layers 24a, 24b.
- the current collecting electrodes 30a, 30b collect charge carriers from the second electrode layers 24a, 24b and are formed of an electrically conductive material.
- the collector electrodes 30a, 30b may be in direct contact with the second electrode layers 24a, 24b. From the viewpoint of securing the power generation area, it is preferable that the areas of the current collecting electrodes 30a and 30b are as small as possible.
- the collecting electrodes 30a, 30b may have a plurality of substantially linear first portions 31a, 31b and second portions 32a, 32b connected to the plurality of first portions 31a, 31b. .
- the first portions 31a, 31b are sometimes referred to as "fingers”.
- the second portions 32a, 32b are sometimes called "busbars".
- the first portions 31a and 31b are arranged with a space therebetween.
- the first portions 31a, 31b have the function of guiding electrical energy (charge carriers) generated in the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b to the second portions 32a, 32b.
- the substantially linear first portions 31a and 31b extend straight along one direction (the X direction in the drawing) in the illustrated embodiment.
- the first portions 31a and 31b may extend in a wavy or zigzag polygonal line.
- linear is defined by a concept including not only straight lines but also elongated curved lines such as wavy lines and polygonal lines.
- a plurality of the first portions 31a and 31b of the current collecting electrodes 30a and 30b may be arranged side by side in the first direction (the Y direction in the drawing).
- a plurality of linear first portions 31a, 31b may be connected to the same second portions 32a, 32b.
- the plurality of first portions 31a, 31b may be provided on one side with respect to the second portions 32a, 32b.
- the second portions 32a, 32b of the current collecting electrodes 30a, 30b may extend along the first direction (the Y direction in the drawing).
- the second portions 32a, 32b may be connected to the first portions 31a, 31b at the ends of the first portions 31a, 31b.
- the plurality of first portions 31a and 31b may extend from the second portions 32a and 32b along the second direction (the X direction in the drawing).
- the second portions 32a, 32b of the current collecting electrodes 30a, 30b may substantially extend from near one end of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a, 10b to near the other end in the first direction (Y direction in the figure).
- the width W1 of the second portions 32a and 32b of the current collecting electrodes 30a and 30b (the width in the X direction in the drawing) may be larger than the width of the respective first portions 31a and 31b (the width in the Y direction in the drawing).
- the collector electrodes 30a, 30b may be made of a material having higher conductivity than the material of the second electrode layers 24a, 24b.
- a material for forming the collecting electrodes 30a and 30b (the first portions 31a and 31b and the second portions 32a and 32b) a material having good conductivity and high adhesion to the second electrode layers 24a and 24b is used. Available materials are applied.
- materials constituting the collector electrodes 30a and 30b include indium tin oxide ( In2O3 : Sn), indium titanium oxide ( In2O3 :Ti), indium zinc oxide ( In2O3 :Zn), tin-zinc-doped indium oxide ( In2O3 : Sn, Zn), tungsten-doped indium oxide ( In2O3 : W), hydrogen-doped indium oxide ( In2O3 : H), indium gallium zinc oxide ( InGaZnO4 ), zinc tin oxide (ZnO:Sn), fluorine-doped tin oxide ( SnO2 :F), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Al), boron-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:B), gallium-doped zinc oxide (ZnO:Ga ), at least one of Ni, Ti, Cr, Mo, Al, Ag, and Cu, or a compound containing one or more of these.
- the second portions 32a and 32b of the current collecting electrodes 30a and 30b are provided near one end of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b when viewed from above in a direction perpendicular to the photoelectric conversion surface (see FIG. 3). ).
- the second portions 32a and 32b of the collector electrodes 30a and 30b extend in the Y direction in the drawing along one end of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a, 10b may have insulating materials 50a, 50b provided on the conductive substrates 20, 20b.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b are provided on the back surface of the conductive substrates 20 and 20b, that is, on the surface opposite to the side on which the layers contributing to photoelectric conversion are formed.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b are provided to suppress short-circuiting of the adjacent photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b. The regions where the insulating materials 50a and 50b are provided will be described later.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b may be composed of insulating tapes, for example.
- the insulating tape may be attached to regions of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b, which will be described later.
- the materials constituting the insulating materials 50a and 50b are Al2O3 , Y2O3 , ZrO2 , MgO , HfO2 , Bi2O3 , TiO2 , ZnO, In2O3 , SnO2 . , Nb 2 O 5 , Ta 2 O 5 , SiO 2 and Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 .
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b can be formed by known deposition techniques such as chemical vapor deposition.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b may be a single insulating layer made of one material, or may be a laminate including layers made of a plurality of materials.
- first photoelectric conversion element one of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other
- second photoelectric conversion element the other of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other
- first photoelectric conversion element the photoelectric conversion element 10a on the left side of the paper
- first photoelectric conversion element the photoelectric conversion element 10b on the right side of the paper
- first photoelectric conversion element and “second photoelectric conversion element” are only used for convenience to distinguish the elements.
- Each of the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element may have the structure of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b described above. Therefore, the first photoelectric conversion element and the second photoelectric conversion element may be elements having the same structure.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is arranged so as to partially overlap with the collecting electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a (see FIGS. 1 and 2). Specifically, the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may cover at least part of the second portion 31a of the current collecting electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a when viewed from the height direction. . As a result, a portion of the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion element 10a, for example, the second portion 31a of the collector electrode 30a via the conductor 200.
- the height direction is the direction that intersects each film forming the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b, and corresponds to the Z direction in the drawing.
- the second photoelectric conversion element 10b preferably does not cover the first portion 31a of the collector electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the area of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a exposed from the second photoelectric conversion element 10b becomes large, so that a large area of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a capable of photoelectric conversion can be secured. Therefore, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the entire photoelectric conversion module 100 can be improved.
- the second photoelectric conversion element 10b covers at least part, preferably all of the second portion 32a of the collector electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. More preferably, the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is arranged so as not to substantially cover the first portion 31a while substantially all covering the second portion 32a of the current collecting electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. .
- the first photoelectric conversion elements 10a and the second photoelectric conversion elements 10b can be densely arranged so that the area that does not contribute to photoelectric conversion, that is, the area of the second portion 32a is not exposed. Therefore, the size of the photoelectric conversion module as a whole can be reduced without lowering the efficiency of photoelectric conversion.
- the insulating material 50b provided on the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b separates the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from the conductive substrate 20a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. More preferably, the insulating material 50b provided on the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b separates the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. Separate.
- the size (area) of the conductive substrates 20a, 20b and the first electrode layers 22a, 22b is larger than the size (area) of the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b and the second electrode layers 24a, 24b. Therefore, at least one of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a extends outside the second electrode layer 24a and the photoelectric conversion layer 26a when viewed from the height direction.
- the insulating material 50b extends outside the second electrode layer 24a and the photoelectric conversion layer 26a of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a when viewed from the height direction. It preferably overlaps with at least part of the region.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b are strip-shaped in a direction (Y direction) intersecting the direction (X direction) in which the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b are arranged. is formed in Specifically, the insulating materials 50a and 50b preferably extend from one end to the other end of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b in the Y direction.
- both sides of the strip-shaped insulating materials 50a and 50b of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b are exposed in the direction (X direction) in which the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b are arranged. ing. Instead, only one side of the strip-shaped insulating materials 50a and 50b of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b is exposed in the direction (X direction) in which the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b are arranged. may be In other words, the insulating materials 50a, 50b may reach one end of the conductive substrates 20a, 20b in the X direction.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram for explaining the region R1 covered by the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b in the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the region R1 is shown slightly longer than the length of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a in the Y direction for convenience of explanation, but the region R1 is longer than the length of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a in the Y direction. may be substantially the same as the length of
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is provided at one end portion in the direction in which the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b are arranged side by side.
- the conductive substrate 20a overlaps the regions of the first electrode layer 22a extending outward from the second electrode layer 24a and the photoelectric conversion layer 26a. This can prevent the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from electrically contacting the first electrode layer 22a and/or the conductive substrate 20a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. Therefore, an electrical short circuit between the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b can be suppressed.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is a region of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b, and is the area of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a when viewed from the height direction. It is preferably provided so as to straddle at least one edge of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10 is provided at one end in the direction in which the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b are arranged, and the conductive substrate 20a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. and the edge of the first electrode layer 22a.
- edges of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a are exposed from the photoelectric conversion layer 26a and the second electrode layer 24a on the side surface of the photoelectric conversion element 10a. If the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10 is provided across the edges of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a, the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10a are separated from each other. Electrical short-circuiting with the conversion element 10b can be further suppressed.
- the size (area) of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a is larger than the size (area) of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a and the second electrode layer 24a.
- the size (area) of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a may be substantially the same as the size (area) of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a and the second electrode layer 24a.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is a region of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b when viewed from the height direction.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b covers the region of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a that is exposed from the second electrode layer 24a and/or covers the edge of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a. is preferably provided so as to straddle the This can prevent the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from electrically contacting the photoelectric conversion layer 26a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. Therefore, an electrical short circuit between the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b can be suppressed.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may be a flexible substrate as described above.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may be curved.
- the flexible substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b has a first end connected to the conductor 200 and a second end opposite to the first end.
- the substrate 20b may be curved in the height direction between the first end and the second end.
- the position of the first end of the flexible substrate 20b in the height direction corresponds to the position of the second end of the flexible substrate 20b in the height direction. It is preferably offset and curved such that the first end is substantially parallel to the second end.
- both ends of the substrate 20b are substantially parallel to each other in the X direction in the figure, and do not tilt obliquely with respect to the surface of the stage that holds the photoelectric conversion module, for example.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b and the conductor 200 adjacent to each other can be adhered with a uniform force, and a decrease in adhesive force can be suppressed.
- the configuration of the connecting portion of the two photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other and the vicinity thereof has been described above.
- the configuration related to the connection may be applied between arbitrary photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b adjacent to each other.
- a photoelectric conversion module 100 including a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may have a sealing material (not shown).
- the sealing material may be provided so as to seal the entire plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b having the configuration described above or the conductive substrates 20a and 20b sides of the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic back view of each photoelectric conversion element that constitutes the photoelectric conversion module according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram for explaining a region covered with an insulating material of the second photoelectric conversion element of the first photoelectric conversion element according to the second embodiment.
- the region R1 is shown slightly longer than the length of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a in the Y direction, but the region R1 is longer than the length of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a in the Y direction. may be substantially the same as the length of
- the second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in the areas where the insulating materials 50a and 50b are formed.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b are provided in a U shape on the back side of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b. That is, the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b has a U-shape defined by the region covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b in the end portion of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the region R1 of the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is the second electrode layer of the conductive substrate 20a and the first electrode layer 22a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a when viewed from the height direction. 24a and all of the regions extending to the outside of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a.
- the region R1 of the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is a region covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b and is the conductive substrate 20a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a when viewed from the height direction. It is provided so as to straddle at least one entire edge of the first electrode layer 22a. As a result, it is possible to more reliably prevent a short circuit from occurring between the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is a region covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b and exposed from the second electrode layer 24a in the photoelectric conversion layer 26a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. It preferably covers the entire area and/or straddles the edge of the photoelectric conversion layer 26a within the region covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b. This can prevent the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from electrically contacting the photoelectric conversion layer 26a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is connected to the second portion 32a of the current collecting electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a via the conductor 200. It's okay.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may cover the area covered with the second photoelectric conversion element 10b in the area around the second portion 32a of the collector electrode 30a. As a result, the region around the second portion 32a of the current collecting electrode 30a is covered with the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b, so that the risk of electrical short circuit can be further suppressed.
- a method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion module A method for manufacturing a photoelectric conversion module according to one embodiment will be described.
- a first photoelectric conversion element 10a having a conductive substrate 20a and a second photoelectric conversion element 10b having a conductive substrate 20b and an insulating material 50b provided on the conductive substrate 20b are prepared.
- the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may have the structure of one of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b described in the above-described embodiments.
- the first electrode layers 22a and 22b, the first buffer layer, the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b, the second buffer layer, and the second electrode layers 24a and 24b form a conductive substrate. 20a and 20b.
- a metal material such as molybdenum, titanium, or chromium may be deposited on the back side of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b to prevent warping.
- the first buffer layer and the second buffer layer may be formed as required.
- the first electrode layers 22a and 22b are formed by depositing a material forming the first electrode layers 22a and 22b on the surfaces of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b by, for example, sputtering.
- the materials forming the first electrode layers 22a and 22b are as described above.
- the sputtering method may be a direct current (DC) sputtering method or a radio frequency (RF) sputtering method.
- the first electrode layers 22a and 22b may be formed using a CVD (chemical vapor deposition) method, an ALD (atomic layer deposition) method, or the like instead of the sputtering method.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are formed by forming films on the first electrode layers 22a and 22b.
- the photoelectric conversion layers 26a and 26b are formed by, for example, forming thin-film precursor layers on the first electrode layers 22a and 22b and chalcogenizing the precursor layers.
- the second buffer layer is formed by forming a film on the photoelectric conversion layer 26 by a method such as a CBD (chemical bath deposition) method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ALD method, or the like.
- a method such as a CBD (chemical bath deposition) method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ALD method, or the like.
- the material forming the second buffer layer is as described above.
- the second electrode layers 24a and 24b are formed on the second buffer layer by a method such as sputtering, CVD, or ALD. Alternatively, if the second buffer layer is not present, the second electrode layers 24a, 24b are formed on the photoelectric conversion layers 26a, 26b.
- the materials forming the second electrode layers 24a and 24b are as described above.
- collecting electrodes 30a and 30b are formed on the second electrode layers 24a and 24b.
- the collecting electrodes 30a and 30b can be formed by applying printing processes such as the sputtering method, the CVD method, the ALD method, the AD method, the vapor deposition method, the inkjet method, and the screen printing method, for example.
- insulating materials 50a and 50b are formed on the conductive substrates 20a and 20b of the respective photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b as necessary.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b are provided at the desired locations described above by a known vapor deposition method or the like.
- the insulating materials 50a and 50b are insulating tapes, the insulating materials 50a and 50b may be attached to desired portions of the conductive substrates 20a and 20b.
- the first photoelectric conversion element 10a and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b can be manufactured. Note that the areas where the insulating materials 50a and 50b are provided are as described in each of the above embodiments.
- a connection step is performed to electrically connect a portion of the conductive substrate 20a of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b to the first photoelectric conversion element 10a. Electrical connection is made by a conductor 200 such as solder or conductive paste.
- the insulating material 50b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b separates the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b from the conductive substrate 20a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a, and the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is connected. It includes arranging a portion of the conductive substrate 20b to be electrically connected to the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- a portion of the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b should be electrically connected to the second portion 32a of the collector electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the second photoelectric conversion element 10b can be connected to the first photoelectric conversion element 10a via the conductor 200.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic plan view of a photoelectric conversion module according to the third embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the photoelectric conversion module 100 may include one or more photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b. Note that FIG. 8 shows a photoelectric conversion module 100 including a plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b. One or more photoelectric conversion elements 10a, 10b may be sealed, for example, with a sealing material.
- the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may be arranged in at least one direction, preferably in a grid pattern. In this case, the plurality of photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b may be electrically connected in series and/or in parallel with each other.
- the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b are arranged so as to partially overlap each other. Adjacent photoelectric conversion elements of the photoelectric conversion elements 10a and 10b arranged in one direction partially overlap each other.
- the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may be arranged so as to cover the second portion 32a of the collector electrode 30a of the adjacent first photoelectric conversion element 10a. In this case, the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is electrically connected to the second portion 32a of the collector electrode 30a of the adjacent first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of an artificial satellite equipped with photoelectric conversion modules.
- Satellite 900 may have a base 910 and a paddle 920 .
- the base 910 may include devices (not shown) necessary for controlling the satellite 900 and the like.
- Antenna 940 may be attached to base 910 .
- the paddle 920 may include the photoelectric conversion module 100 described above.
- the paddle 920 having the photoelectric conversion module 100 can be used as a power source for operating various devices provided on the base 910 .
- the photoelectric conversion module 100 can be applied to paddles for artificial satellites.
- the paddle 920 for an artificial satellite is exposed to a high-temperature environment and a severe temperature change environment during the launch and operation of the artificial satellite, so the photoelectric conversion module 100 having the above-described photoelectric conversion element 10 having high heat resistance is used. It is desirable that
- the paddle 920 may have a connecting portion 922 and a hinge portion 924 .
- the connecting portion 922 corresponds to a portion connecting the paddle 920 to the base portion 910 .
- the hinge part 924 extends along one direction, and the paddle 920 can be bent around the hinge part 924 as a rotation axis.
- Each paddle 920 may have at least one, and preferably multiple hinges 924 .
- the paddle 920 having the photoelectric conversion module 100 is configured to be foldable into a small size.
- the paddle 920 may be in a folded state when the satellite 900 is launched.
- the paddle 920 may be deployed when receiving sunlight to generate power.
- the paddle 920 may have a cylindrical shape formed by winding. This allows the paddle 920 to assume a substantially flat unfolded state by rotation of the wound portion. During launch of satellite 900, paddle 920 may maintain a generally cylindrical shape. The paddle 920 may be deployed so as to be in a substantially flat state when receiving sunlight and generating power.
- each feature described in each of the above-described embodiments can be applied to another embodiment or replaced with another embodiment as much as possible.
- the thin-film type photoelectric conversion element has been described as an example, but the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a crystalline type photoelectric conversion element as much as possible.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b is electrically connected to the second portion 32a of the current collecting electrode 30a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a.
- the conductive substrate 20b of the second photoelectric conversion element 10b may be electrically connected to the second electrode layer 24a of the first photoelectric conversion element 10a via the conductor 200 or directly. good.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る光電変換モジュールの模式的平面図である。図2は、図1のY方向から見た光電変換モジュールの模式的側面図である。図3は、光電変換モジュールを構成する1つの光電変換素子の模式的平面図である。図4は、図3に示す光電変換素子を反対側から見た模式的裏面図である。図3及び図4では、光電変換モジュールを構成する各々の光電変換素子の構造を説明するため、それぞれの光電変換素子に関する符号が付されていることに留意されたい。
次に、第2実施形態に係る光電変換モジュールについて図6及び図7を参照して説明する。図6は、第2実施形態に係る光電変換モジュールを構成する各々の光電変換素子の模式的裏面図である。図7は、第2実施形態に係る第1光電変換素子のうち、第2光電変換素子の絶縁材によって覆われる領域を説明するための模式図である。なお、図7において、領域R1は、説明の都合上、Y方向において第1光電変換素子10aの長さよりもわずかに長く記載されているが、領域R1は、Y方向において第1光電変換素子10aの長さと実質的に同一であってよい。
一実施形態の光電変換モジュールの製造方法について説明する。まず、導電性基板20aを有する第1光電変換素子10aと、導電性基板20b及び導電性基板20b上に設けられた絶縁材50bを有する第2光電変換素子10bと、を準備する。具体的には、第1光電変換素子10a及び第2光電変換素子10bは、前述した実施形態で説明したいずれかの光電変換素子10a,10bの構造を有するものであってよい。
次に、第3実施形態に係る光電変換モジュールについて図8を参照して説明する。図8は、第3実施形態に係る光電変換モジュールの模式的平面図である。なお、第1実施形態と同様の構成については同じ符号が付されている。第1実施形態と同様の構成については、その説明を省略することがあることに留意されたい。
次に、光電変換モジュールを備えた人工衛星及び人工衛星用のパドルについて説明する。図9は、光電変換モジュールを備えた人工衛星の模式的斜視図である。人工衛星900は、基部910及びパドル920を有していてよい。基部910は、人工衛星900の制御等に必要な不図示の機器を備えていてよい。アンテナ940が基部910に取り付けられていてよい。
Claims (11)
- 導電性基板を有する第1光電変換素子と、
導電性基板を有する第2光電変換素子と、を有し、
前記第1光電変換素子と前記第2光電変換素子は、部分的に重なるよう互いに並んで配置されており、
前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板の一部が、前記第1光電変換素子に電気的に接続されており、
前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板を前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板から離間させる絶縁材が、前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板上に設けられている、光電変換モジュール。 - 前記第1光電変換素子は、
前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板に接続された第1電極層と、
第2電極層と、
前記第1電極層と前記第2電極層との間の光電変換層と、
を有し、
前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板と前記第1電極層のうちの少なくとも一方が、高さ方向から見て前記第2電極層及び前記光電変換層の外側に延出しており、
前記絶縁材は、前記高さ方向から見て、前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板と前記第1電極層のうち前記第2電極層及び前記光電変換層の外側に延出した領域の少なくとも一部と重なっている、請求項1に記載の光電変換モジュール。 - 前記第1光電変換素子は、
前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板に接続された第1電極層と、
第2電極層と、
前記第1電極層と前記第2電極層との間の光電変換層と、
を有し、
前記絶縁材は、前記第2光電変換素子に覆われた領域であって、高さ方向から見て前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板と前記第1電極層の少なくとも一方の縁を跨るよう設けられている、請求項1又は2に記載の光電変換モジュール。 - 前記第1光電変換素子は、
前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板に接続された第1電極層と、
第2電極層と、
前記第1電極層と前記第2電極層との間の光電変換層と、
を有し、
前記絶縁材は、前記第2電極層から露出した前記光電変換層の領域を覆っている、及び/又は前記光電変換層の縁を跨るよう設けられている、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュール。 - 前記絶縁材は、前記第1光電変換素子の端部のうち前記第2光電変換素子に覆われた領域によって規定されるU字形の形状を有する、請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュール。
- 前記第1光電変換素子は、集電電極を有し、
前記集電電極は、実質的に線状の複数の第1部分と、前記複数の第1部分に連結された第2部分と、を有し、
前記第1光電変換素子の前記集電電極の前記第2部分が、前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板に接続されている、請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュール。 - 前記絶縁材は、前記集電電極の前記第2部分のまわりの領域のうち前記第2光電変換素子に覆われた領域を覆っている、請求項6に記載の光電変換モジュール。
- 前記絶縁材は、絶縁性のテープによって構成されている、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュール。
- 前記絶縁材は、Al2O3、Y2O3、ZrO2、MgO、HfO2、Bi2O3、TiO2、ZnO、In2O3、SnO2、Nb2O5、Ta2O5、SiO2、Ca3(PO4)2を含む群から選択された少なくとも1つを含む、請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュール。
- 導電性基板を有する第1光電変換素子と、導電性基板及び前記導電性基板上に設けられた絶縁材を有する第2光電変換素子と、を準備するステップと、
前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板の一部を、前記第1光電変換素子に電気的に接続するステップと、を有し、
前記接続ステップは、前記絶縁材が前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板を前記第1光電変換素子の前記導電性基板から離間させるとともに、前記第2光電変換素子の前記導電性基板の一部が前記第1光電変換素子に電気的に接続されるよう配置することを含む、光電変換モジュールの製造方法。 - 請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載の光電変換モジュールを備えたパドル。
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