WO2023052395A2 - Batterie et procédé de commande de batterie - Google Patents

Batterie et procédé de commande de batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023052395A2
WO2023052395A2 PCT/EP2022/076930 EP2022076930W WO2023052395A2 WO 2023052395 A2 WO2023052395 A2 WO 2023052395A2 EP 2022076930 W EP2022076930 W EP 2022076930W WO 2023052395 A2 WO2023052395 A2 WO 2023052395A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
cell
microcontroller
board
wake
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2022/076930
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2023052395A3 (fr
Inventor
Björn Langhof
Samantha Zimnik
Ingvild Eldegard
Original Assignee
Webasto SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Webasto SE filed Critical Webasto SE
Publication of WO2023052395A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023052395A2/fr
Publication of WO2023052395A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023052395A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for operating a battery according to the preamble of claim 1 and a battery according to the preamble of claim 11 .
  • thermo breakdowns thermal runaway
  • state variables such as the cell voltage, the temperature, the pressure and/or their profiles, which are present in the interior of a battery, are evaluated in one or more cells of a battery or a battery system.
  • This pressure measurement is carried out, for example, by means of a pressure sensor, which can be arranged on the main circuit board, for example, as part of the battery management system (BMS).
  • BMS battery management system
  • Such a monitoring arrangement is shown, for example, in DE 10 2018 210 975 B4, in which a thermal event is detected by means of a pressure sensor which is arranged on a main circuit board of the battery control unit.
  • the battery control unit used for this requires an energy supply via the vehicle's low-voltage network. To minimize consumption, the control unit is switched off when the vehicle and the battery are idle, for example when parked. This means that thermal events are not monitored while parking. It is the object of the present invention to propose an improved and, in particular, faster detection of a thermal runaway.
  • the object is achieved by a method for operating a battery that is connected to a consumer and a central control and monitoring unit for this consumer.
  • the consumer can in particular be a motor-driven vehicle with an associated controller (control and monitoring unit).
  • the battery has a battery management system (BMS) with a main control unit comprising a motherboard, and at least one cell pack with a cell measurement board, in particular a plurality of cell packs with associated cell measurement boards, with a microcontroller being arranged on at least one cell measurement board.
  • BMS battery management system
  • a check for a thermal event is carried out at regular measurement periods, with the check for a thermal event being carried out by the cell measuring board and/or the microcontroller located there when the battery is idle.
  • a wake-up function is initiated for regular checking when the battery is idle, which is carried out by the cell measuring board and/or the microcontroller located there.
  • the wake-up function consists of a definable period of time after which the microcontroller or another suitable component of the cell measurement board is activated, in order to subsequently put the cell measurement board into operation at least to the extent necessary for monitoring.
  • the monitoring advantageously consists in that at least one cell voltage, a cell temperature, an (internal) pressure and/or a CQ2 concentration and/or at least one of the respective curves is recorded and evaluated, with the recording and evaluation of the data being carried out by the respective cell measurement board and/or the local microcontroller.
  • the acquisition and evaluation of relevant measured values can also come from an earlier measurement period, which was stored in a storage medium and used for the evaluation and determination of subsequent steps.
  • the cell measuring board terminates the respective measuring period and the battery continues to remain idle, in particular without activating the main control unit of the battery and/or the control and monitoring unit of the consumer. A next wake-up function is thus established.
  • a further improvement of the method provides that when at least one defined limit value is reached and/or exceeded by the cell measuring board and/or the microcontroller there, a wake-up command is sent to the main control unit of the battery, which then carries out extended checks and/or a wake-up command to the Control and monitoring unit of the consumer sends, which subsequently carries out extended checks.
  • the wake-up command is sent from the main control unit of the battery to the control and monitoring unit of the consumer, in particular after its own extended check, depending on other safety-related parameters and/or validation of the data received from the cell measuring board.
  • the relevant data from the previous acquisition and/or evaluation are advantageously also transmitted to the subsequent unit. Based on this, the battery's main control unit and/or the consumer's control and monitoring unit, if activated, prompts warnings and/or safety controls.
  • the measurement period is extended in order to save electricity and thus extend the usability of the battery.
  • the measurement period should be in the range of more than 1s in idle mode, advantageously in the range of more than 2s, ideally in the range of more than 5s.
  • “Idle mode” here means that the battery is neither being charged in parallel at a stationary location station nor is it in working mode.
  • An (overheating) warning is to be understood as any warning and/or control signal that warns a user of the battery, such as the driver of a vehicle, during use, in particular acoustically or optically, as well as an at least partial shutdown of the battery or takes other steps to ensure the safe operation and/or shutdown of the battery or load.
  • An improvement of the method is that the measurement period, that is to say its duration and/or frequency, is designed to be of different lengths in idle mode.
  • the measurement period is adjusted as a correlation to the uninterrupted duration of the idle mode, so that, for example, when the idle mode lengthens, the duration of the wake-up function is also lengthened, ie the time until the next wake-up step.
  • the invention also includes a battery for a consumer that includes a control and monitoring unit.
  • the battery is designed in particular as a high-voltage battery (HV battery) and includes at least the following battery elements:
  • - a cell compartment with at least one, in particular with several cell packs, associated cell boards and associated (battery) cells,
  • main control unit with a main circuit board, a main processor and a plurality of electronic elements, the cell measuring board and/or a microcontroller attached there being designed to carry out the aforementioned method according to one of the embodiment variants, which also means that the corresponding software comprises stored and used in an appropriate manner.
  • the battery comprises a temperature sensor and/or is connected to such a sensor in a data-conducting manner, which is arranged in particular on or on at least one cell pack.
  • the temperature sensor is connected to the microprocessor and/or the main control unit in a data-conducting manner.
  • the temperature sensor is advantageously arranged inside the battery, a battery housing. However, it can also or additionally be an external sensor.
  • this includes at least one pressure sensor, in particular a pressure sensor on or on the motherboard or in a switch box, wherein the Pressure sensor is data-conducting directly or indirectly connected to the microprocessor and / or the main control unit.
  • An advantageous variant of the method consists in using at least part of the status data before determining the subsequent duration of the idle mode to determine the respective subsequent idle period for the (respective) subsequent check, with the status data being primary data or secondary data.
  • primary data are data and information that describe the condition of the battery or components of the battery, that is to say that relate very directly to the battery.
  • This status data can also provide indications of a statistically increased probability of a thermal event.
  • secondary data is data and information that is largely external to and/or independent of the battery.
  • the primary data includes at least one of the following status data, which in particular relates directly to the battery and/or represents its operating data, such as: a cell voltage or cell pack voltage, a battery temperature, a cell (pack) temperature, a pressure and/or a CQ2 concentration in a battery housing, a failure or error frequency, current or previous duration of idle operation of the battery, scope of a previous charging process, time interval to a previous charging process, operating data from a previous charging process and the respective courses, in particular from previous checks/ - walked.
  • a cell voltage or cell pack voltage such as: a cell voltage or cell pack voltage, a battery temperature, a cell (pack) temperature, a pressure and/or a CQ2 concentration in a battery housing, a failure or error frequency, current or previous duration of idle operation of the battery, scope of a previous charging process, time interval to a previous charging process, operating data from a previous charging process and the respective courses, in particular from previous checks/ - walked.
  • the secondary data include at least one of the following influencing variables and status data, which in particular lie outside of the actual battery: Duration of idle operation of the consumer, operating data of the consumer and the respective profiles, outside temperature, time of day, humidity, latitude and the respective profiles.
  • Such status data can be all influencing variables that affect the function and safety of a battery.
  • a few examples are mentioned below that have proven to be particularly influential factors in determining a rest period pending subsequent review. • Temperature of the battery, especially during and before the respective measurement period, because an overheated battery should initially be checked much more frequently than a cold battery, for which critical thermal events are much less likely.
  • Temperature in the outdoor area in particular also the expected temperature influence due to local conditions, because completely different thermal effects and loads on the battery are to be expected during idle operation in winter in northern latitudes in the evening than after the start of idle operation of the battery at midday in midsummer, a generally hot one Region.
  • connection is not to be understood as limiting and means both one or more connections to the voltage and power supply as well as to data-carrying communication.
  • the communication can, in particular, be in the form of one of the usual bus technologies or serial interfaces, using separate individual cables or modulated onto one or more live individual cables.
  • FIG. 1 An overview of a high-voltage battery
  • FIG. 2 shows a block flow diagram for typical method steps in a thermal event
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structure of an HV battery 1, which has a battery housing 15 as the essential components, within which a main control unit 10, a switch box 20 and a cell compartment 30.
  • the cell compartment 30 is divided into a plurality of cell packs 31 .1 .. .31 .n divided, which was indicated by a broken, transverse line.
  • Each cell pack 31.1...31.n has an associated cell measurement board 32.1...32.n.
  • the main control unit 10 and its main circuit board 11 are connected via the LV line to a central control and supply unit 2 in a data-carrying and power-carrying manner.
  • the battery 1 is connected to one or more loads 3 via HV lines, as indicated very schematically.
  • the HV+ line is routed to the switch box 20 and to the contactor 8 there, and the HV- line to the contactor 9. Furthermore, an auxiliary current path is provided in the switch box 20 on the HV+ line for operating the contactor 12, which acts as a pre-charging contactor. Furthermore, a current sensor 24 is provided in the switch box 20, other fuses, resistors or other components are not shown.
  • the main circuit board 11 is connected to the switch box 20 or to individual components and components in the switch box 20, which was not differentiated in detail here.
  • the main circuit board 11 comprises a plurality of micro-Z electronic elements 5.1, 5.2, 5.3 and a main microprocessor 4.
  • a separate microprocessor 5 is provided here, which essentially has the task of detecting thermal events and sending appropriate warning and control signals.
  • Figure 1 shows several locations for the additional arrangement of at least one pressure sensor 6.1, 6.2, namely on the main circuit board 11 of the main control unit 10 and/or in the switch box 20.
  • Two advantageous locations for optional temperature sensors 7.1, 7.2 are also shown, namely on one of the cell boards 32.2 and/or in the interior of the cell compartment 30.
  • An additional, optional CO 2 sensor should be arranged at comparable locations.
  • FIG. 2 shows the course of the method as a block flow diagram, in which the control and monitoring unit 2 of the consumer 3 is finally awakened and warnings and/or safety controls are triggered.
  • the system is switched off 50, for example by removing the vehicle key from the vehicle or by switching it on accordingly.
  • the cell measurement board 32.1 outlined as an example and the entire battery 1 in idle mode 100.
  • the microcontroller 5.4 is activated and initiates a limited verification step 110, in which at least one relevant limit value was exceeded.
  • the temperature sensor 7.1 arranged on the cell board 32.1 and/or the centrally arranged temperature sensor 7.1 is queried and evaluated.
  • the defined limit value was exceeded for at least one of the temperatures.
  • the signal is forwarded to the main control unit 10 of the battery 1, i.e. the wake-up step 120 for the main control unit 10.
  • the main control unit 10 now carries out the monitoring and validation step 121, in which data from other sensors or cell boards 32.2. .. 32. n be obtained.
  • a signal could be forwarded immediately to the control and monitoring unit 2 of the consumer 3, and the wake-up step 130 could take place. This pre-test step is not shown.
  • the central control and monitoring unit 2 By forwarding the signal at Gate II, the central control and monitoring unit 2 then carries out its own monitoring and validation step 131 by, for example, querying all available sensors and cell boards. Subsequently, based on the validation of a thermal event in the cell pack 31.1, a warning and emergency step 200 is initiated for the user and/or other security measures are initiated. A pre-check step could be carried out in an analogous manner and the monitoring and validation step 131 could be skipped.

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner une batterie qui est reliée à un consommateur et à une unité centrale de commande et de surveillance du consommateur, la batterie présentant un système de gestion de batterie pourvu d'une unité de commande principale comprenant une carte mère, ainsi qu'au moins un bloc de cellules pourvu d'une carte de mesure de cellules comprenant un microcontrôleur, en particulier une pluralité de blocs de cellules avec des cartes de mesure de cellules associées. Dans des périodes de mesure régulières, un contrôle concernant un événement thermique (emballement thermique) est réalisé, le contrôle concernant un événement thermique étant effectué pendant un mode inactif de la batterie par la carte de mesure de cellules et/ou le microcontrôleur qui s'y trouve. L'invention concerne également une batterie, en particulier une batterie haute tension (batterie HT), à laquelle le procédé peut être appliqué.
PCT/EP2022/076930 2021-09-28 2022-09-28 Batterie et procédé de commande de batterie WO2023052395A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021125063.3A DE102021125063B4 (de) 2021-09-28 2021-09-28 Batterie und Batteriesteuerungsverfahren
DE102021125063.3 2021-09-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023052395A2 true WO2023052395A2 (fr) 2023-04-06
WO2023052395A3 WO2023052395A3 (fr) 2023-05-25

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2022/076930 WO2023052395A2 (fr) 2021-09-28 2022-09-28 Batterie et procédé de commande de batterie

Country Status (2)

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DE (1) DE102021125063B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023052395A2 (fr)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018210975B4 (de) 2018-07-04 2021-02-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Batteriemanagementsystem für eine Hochvoltbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Hochvoltbatterie sowie Kraftfahrzeug

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014204956A1 (de) * 2014-03-18 2015-09-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zur Erkennung von Anomalien in einer Batteriezelle und Kurzschlusssensorik
CN112928348B (zh) * 2019-04-30 2022-04-26 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池热失控的检测方法、装置、系统和电池管理单元
DE102019215812A1 (de) 2019-10-15 2019-11-28 Vitesco Technologies GmbH Batteriemanagementvorrichtung für ein Batteriesystem, Batteriesystem, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Batteriemanagementvorrichtung
DE102021001217A1 (de) 2021-03-08 2022-09-08 Mercedes-Benz Group AG Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Batteriesystems

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018210975B4 (de) 2018-07-04 2021-02-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Batteriemanagementsystem für eine Hochvoltbatterie eines Kraftfahrzeugs, Hochvoltbatterie sowie Kraftfahrzeug

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Publication number Publication date
DE102021125063B4 (de) 2023-06-15
DE102021125063A1 (de) 2023-03-30
WO2023052395A3 (fr) 2023-05-25

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