WO2023051158A1 - 气体轴承组件及燃气轮机 - Google Patents

气体轴承组件及燃气轮机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023051158A1
WO2023051158A1 PCT/CN2022/116621 CN2022116621W WO2023051158A1 WO 2023051158 A1 WO2023051158 A1 WO 2023051158A1 CN 2022116621 W CN2022116621 W CN 2022116621W WO 2023051158 A1 WO2023051158 A1 WO 2023051158A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sealing
bearing
annular
sealing ring
bearing body
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PCT/CN2022/116621
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
靳普
Original Assignee
永旭腾风新能源动力科技（北京）有限公司
靳普
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Publication of WO2023051158A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023051158A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72—Sealings
    • F16C33/74—Sealings of sliding-contact bearings

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to a gas bearing assembly and a gas turbine, belonging to the technical field of bearings.
  • the gas turbine uses continuously flowing gas as the working medium to drive the impeller to rotate at high speed, and converts the energy of the fuel into useful work.
  • It is a rotating impeller heat engine. It mainly includes three parts: compressor, combustion chamber and turbine: the compressor inhales air from the external atmosphere, and compresses it step by step to pressurize it, and the air temperature also increases accordingly; the compressed air is compressed to the combustion chamber and injected into the The fuel is mixed and burned to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas; then it enters the turbine to expand and do work, pushing the turbine to drive the compressor and the external load rotor to rotate together at high speed, realizing the partial conversion of the chemical energy of the gas or liquid fuel into mechanical work, and through Connect the generator to output electric energy.
  • Non-contact bearings are more and more commonly used in some high-speed applications due to their small friction coefficient and friction torque and high motion accuracy.
  • Gas bearings rely on the pressure gas film in the bearing gap to realize the support of the rotor system.
  • Gas bearings usually use sealing rings (such as fluorine rubber sealing rings) to ensure the airtight effect of the air cavity, so as to ensure the stable gas supply of the gas bearing and the stable operation of the gas bearing.
  • sealing rings such as fluorine rubber sealing rings
  • the gas temperature at the outlet of the combustor of a gas turbine is often as high as 900°C, and the temperature at the turbine reaches 500-600°C.
  • the gas bearing adjacent to the turbine is affected by the heat radiation of the combustor and the turbine, and the sealing ring commonly used in the gas bearing is easily affected by high temperature. Melting and failure will affect the sealing effect of the air cavity and cause air leakage in the air cavity, which will make the gas film of the gas bearing unstable and the supporting force insufficient, affecting the stable operation of the gas bearing.
  • the rotating shaft is in contact with the gas bearing stator due to vibration and other factors, and the heat of the turbine will be transmitted to the sealing ring of the gas bearing through the rotating shaft and the gas bearing stator, causing the sealing ring to be heated and melted, resulting in gas cavity leakage.
  • the utility model provides a gas bearing assembly and a gas turbine including the gas bearing assembly.
  • a gas bearing assembly used to be installed on a rotating shaft, includes a bearing seat, a bearing body and a sealing ring, wherein,
  • the bearing body is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located in the bearing seat, and the bearing body has an annular air cavity arranged around the rotating shaft;
  • the bearing body has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both sides of the annular air cavity, an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air cavity, and a gap is set between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat;
  • the sealing ring is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring is closely attached to the bearing housing and the bearing body to form a seal therebetween;
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer The layer expands so that the seal unit seals against the housing and bearing body.
  • the gas bearing assembly is a radial bearing assembly
  • the bearing body is in clearance fit with the rotating shaft and has a first clearance
  • the radial outer side of the bearing body has an annular groove
  • the annular groove is in contact with the bearing
  • the radial inner wall of the seat encloses an annular air chamber.
  • the gas bearing assembly is a thrust bearing assembly
  • the bearing body and the thrust plate arranged on the rotating shaft are installed opposite to each other in the axial direction and have a first gap
  • the axial outer side of the bearing body has an annular A groove
  • the annular groove and the axial inner wall of the bearing seat enclose an annular air cavity.
  • the bearing body has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity and the first gap.
  • the bearing seat is provided with an air hole communicating with the annular air cavity, so as to communicate the annular air cavity with an external air source.
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealed outer layer faces the annular air cavity
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member (such as a metal elastic member) (the high temperature refers to a high temperature of 500-900°C) and is a sealed
  • the outer layer provides a compressive force towards at least the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal. In this way, even if the outer sealing layer is melted and deformed by high temperature, the expansion force of the high temperature-resistant elastic member can compensate the sealing, so that the deformed outer sealing layer is tightly attached to the bearing seat and the bearing body again.
  • the cross-section of the elastic support part is any one of U-shape, V-shape, semi-circle, semi-ellipse, and parabola, and the pressing force is provided at the opening of the shape or near the opening.
  • section of the elastic support part is any one of circular, elliptical, and polygonal, and the pressing force is provided at the center of the shape or near the center.
  • the elastic support part is a cantilever spring, a grid spring, a helical spring or a coil spring, corresponding to U-shaped, V-shaped, circular, and elliptical elastic support parts respectively.
  • the sealing ring is composed of more than two sealing units stacked in series in the radial direction and/or axial direction.
  • the sealing units arranged in series have multiple effective sealing areas, which can further enhance the sealing effect.
  • more than two accommodation grooves are arranged in the sealing outer layer, and an elastic support part is arranged in each accommodation groove.
  • the thickness of the lip on one side of the outer sealing layer is smaller than the thickness of the gap between the annular protrusions on both sides of the annular air cavity and the bearing seat, and when the gas is introduced into the annular air cavity, the gas will enter the container of the outer sealing layer. In the groove, the air pressure will further expand the elastic supporting part to enhance the sealing effect.
  • a front supporting part is provided between the elastic supporting part and the opening of the receiving groove to limit and support the sealing ring.
  • the material of the sealing outer layer can be engineering plastics, such as PTFE, RPTFE, filled (carbon fiber, graphite, glass fiber, etc.) PTFE, UPE, PCTFE, PEEK, PI, or other polymer materials.
  • engineering plastics such as PTFE, RPTFE, filled (carbon fiber, graphite, glass fiber, etc.) PTFE, UPE, PCTFE, PEEK, PI, or other polymer materials.
  • the material of the elastic support part may be stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, etc.
  • sealing outer layer and the elastic supporting part are an integral structure of the same material.
  • the sealing outer layer and the elastic supporting part are provided integrally, and may be integrally formed, or separately formed and fixedly connected by means of welding or the like.
  • the integral sealing ring has better sealing effect and durability, especially under high temperature conditions, it can maintain the sealing effect for a long time. Under the environment of high temperature and long-term operation, the integrated sealing ring will basically not produce debris, and the separation between the outer sealing layer and the elastic support part is not easy to occur, avoiding the separation caused by the separation between the outer sealing layer and the elastic support part. seal failure.
  • the gas bearing assembly further includes a stopper, which is arranged on the side of the sealing ring facing away from the annular air cavity, so as to limit and support the sealing ring.
  • the stop part may be formed by extending from the bearing seat or the bearing body, or may be an intermediate part connected to the bearing seat or the bearing body.
  • the axial end of the bearing body is provided with a stepped groove, so that at least part of the sealing ring facing away from the annular air cavity does not contact the bearing body. Since the main sealing position of the sealing ring is the half part close to the annular air cavity, Such setting does not affect the sealing effect, and reduces the contact area between the sealing ring and the bearing body, and improves the damping effect of the sealing ring.
  • the external air source is an air pump.
  • the number of said through holes may be multiple; furthermore, a plurality of through holes may be arranged around the axis.
  • a gas turbine includes the gas bearing assembly of the above structure.
  • the gas bearing assembly of the utility model is installed on a rotating shaft and can be used for a radial bearing or a thrust bearing.
  • the sealing ring is composed of at least one sealing unit (the sealing effect is better when it is composed of a plurality of sealing units connected in series).
  • the sealing unit includes a sealing outer layer with at least one accommodation groove, and an elastic support part located in the accommodation groove.
  • the elastic support part can expand the opening of the sealing outer layer, so that the sealing outer layer is more tightly connected to the bearing seat and the bearing body. contacts to improve the sealing effect.
  • the elastic support part can be a high-temperature-resistant metal elastic part. Even if the outer layer of the seal is melted and deformed by high temperature, the expansion force of the metal elastic part can compensate the seal, so that the deformed outer seal layer can be tightly attached to the bearing seat and the bearing body again , to maintain the sealing effect.
  • the shape of the elastic supporting part can be various styles.
  • the sealing outer layer and the elastic supporting part can be integrally arranged, and it is not suitable to fall off, and no debris will be generated, and the sealing effect and durability are better, especially under high temperature conditions, the sealing effect can be maintained for a long time.
  • the utility model greatly enhances the sealing effect of the sealing ring by improving the sealing structure of the gas bearing, especially the sealing ring structure, and can maintain the sealing effect for a long time even under high temperature conditions.
  • Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas bearing assembly of Example 1.
  • Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring (the elastic support part is U-shaped).
  • Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring (the elastic support part is circular).
  • Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring (the elastic support part is oval).
  • Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring (the elastic support part is parabolic).
  • Figure 6 Schematic of the cantilever spring.
  • Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the grid spring.
  • Fig. 8 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 2 (the elastic support part is parabolic).
  • Fig. 9 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 3 (two receiving grooves are arranged in the sealing outer layer, and the elastic supporting part is circular).
  • Fig. 10 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 3 (four accommodation grooves are arranged in the sealing outer layer, and the elastic supporting part is circular).
  • Fig. 11 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 4 (the elastic support part is parabolic).
  • Fig. 12 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 4 (the elastic support part is circular).
  • Fig. 13 Schematic cross-sectional view of the sealing ring of Example 5 (integrated arrangement).
  • Fig. 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas bearing assembly of Embodiment 6.
  • 100 rotating shaft; 200, bearing seat; 300, bearing body; 310, annular air cavity; 400, sealing ring; 410, sealing outer layer; 420, elastic support part.
  • Embodiment 1 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer
  • the layers expand to make the sealing unit tightly seal with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the high temperature-resistant elastic part can be a metal elastic part, so that even if the outer sealing layer is melted and deformed by high temperature, the expansion force of the metal elastic part can compensate the sealing, so that the deformed outer sealing layer can be tightly attached to the bearing seat again and the bearing body.
  • the shape of the cross-section of the elastic support part can be U-shaped (as shown in Figure 2), and a compressive force is provided at the opening of the shape or near the opening position; it can also be V-shaped, or parabolic (such as Shown in Fig. 5), also can be semicircle, semiellipse. It can also be a circle (as shown in FIG. 3 ), an ellipse (as shown in FIG. 4 ), or a polygon, and the pressing force can be provided at the center of the shape or near the center.
  • the elastic supporting part can be a cantilever spring (as shown in FIG. 6 ), a grid spring (as shown in FIG. 7 ), a helical spring or a coil spring, respectively corresponding to U-shaped, V-shaped, circular, and elliptical Shaped elastic support.
  • the thickness of the lip on one side of the sealing outer layer is smaller than the thickness of the second gap between the annular protrusions on both sides of the annular air chamber 310 and the bearing seat 200.
  • the gas bearing assembly may further include a stopper, which is arranged on the side of the sealing ring facing away from the annular air cavity, so as to limit and support the sealing ring.
  • the stop part may be formed by extending from the bearing seat or the bearing body, or may be an intermediate part connected to the bearing seat or the bearing body.
  • the material of the sealing outer layer can be engineering plastics, such as PTFE, RPTFE, filled (carbon fiber, graphite, glass fiber, etc.) PTFE, UPE, PCTFE, PEEK, PI, or other polymer materials.
  • the material of the elastic supporting part may be stainless steel, cobalt-based alloy, nickel-based alloy, etc.
  • Embodiment 2 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring is composed of two sealing units arranged radially and/or axially in series, as shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the sealing units arranged in series have multiple effective sealing areas, which can further enhance the sealing effect.
  • the sealing unit comprises: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part expands the sealing outer layer by elastic force so that the sealing unit is in contact with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing The body 300 is tightly sealed.
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • Embodiment 3 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer with two receiving grooves (as shown in Figure 9) or 4 receiving grooves (as shown in Figure 10) (to deal with Sealing sections of different sizes), and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, the elastic support part expands the outer sealing layer by elastic force so that the sealing unit is closely sealed with the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • Embodiment 4 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer
  • the layers expand to make the sealing unit tightly seal with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • a front supporting part is also provided between the elastic supporting part and the opening of the receiving groove, as shown in Fig. 11 and Fig. 12, to limit and support the sealing ring.
  • Embodiment 5 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer
  • the layers expand to make the sealing unit tightly seal with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the sealing outer layer and the elastic supporting part are integrally arranged (the sealing outer layer 410 and the elastic supporting part 420 are a complete and continuous ring-shaped sealing structure, which is an integrated structure of the same material), as shown in Figure 13, can be integrally formed, or separately After the body is formed, it is fixed and connected by welding or the like.
  • the integral sealing ring has better sealing effect and durability, especially under high temperature conditions, it can maintain the sealing effect for a long time.
  • the integrated sealing ring will basically not produce debris (plastic or plastic sealing rings are prone to debris under high temperature and long-term working conditions, and the debris is easy to enter other parts and interfere with operation) , and the separation between the outer sealing layer and the elastic supporting part is not easy to occur, and the sealing failure caused by the separation between the outer sealing layer and the elastic supporting part is avoided.
  • Embodiment 6 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a radial bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly for mounting on a rotating shaft 100 including a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the rotating shaft 100 have a clearance fit and have a first clearance.
  • the radial inner wall of 200 encloses an annular air chamber 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both axial sides of the annular air chamber 310 , an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310 , and there is a gap between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200 . second gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 (as shown in FIG. 2 ) is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure that the annular air cavity 310 is in the second Airtight effect at the gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing block 200 is provided with an air hole (not shown) communicating with the annular air chamber 310, so as to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, many A through hole can be arranged around the axis.
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer
  • the layers expand to make the sealing unit tightly seal with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the axial end of the bearing body 300 is provided with a stepped groove, as shown in FIG. 14 , so that at least part of the sealing ring 400 facing away from the annular air chamber 310 does not contact the bearing body 300. Since the main sealing position of the sealing ring 400 is Close to the half of the annular air cavity 310 , such setting does not affect the sealing effect, and reduces the contact area between the sealing ring 400 and the bearing body 300 , improving the damping effect of the sealing ring 400 .
  • Embodiment 7 (the gas bearing shown in this embodiment is a thrust bearing)
  • a gas bearing assembly used to be installed on the rotating shaft 100, includes a bearing seat 200, a bearing body 300 and a sealing ring 400, wherein,
  • the bearing body 300 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 100 and is located in the bearing seat 200.
  • the bearing body 300 and the thrust plate arranged on the rotating shaft 100 are installed opposite to each other in the axial direction and have a first gap.
  • the axially outer side of the bearing body 300 has An annular groove, the annular groove and the axial inner wall of the bearing seat 200 enclose an annular air cavity 310 .
  • the bearing body 300 has annular sealing ring installation grooves located on both sides of the annular air chamber 310, an annular protrusion is formed between the sealing ring installation groove and the annular air chamber 310, and there is a second ring between the annular protrusion and the bearing seat 200. gap.
  • a sealing ring 400 is accommodated in the sealing ring installation groove, and the sealing ring 400 is closely attached to the bearing seat 200 and the bearing body 300 in the radial direction to form a seal between them, so as to ensure the airtight effect of the annular air chamber 310 at the second gap.
  • the bearing body 300 has a through hole passing through the annular air cavity 310 and the first gap.
  • the bearing seat 200 is provided with an air hole communicating with the annular air chamber 310 to communicate the annular air chamber 310 with an external air source (such as an air pump).
  • the number of through holes can be multiple, and multiple through holes can be arranged around the shaft .
  • the sealing ring includes at least one annular sealing unit, and the sealing unit includes: an annular sealing outer layer having at least one receiving groove, and an annular elastic support part located in the receiving groove, and the elastic supporting part makes the sealing outer layer
  • the layers expand to make the sealing unit tightly seal with the bearing housing 200 and the bearing body 300 .
  • the opening of the accommodating groove of the sealing outer layer faces the annular air cavity 310, and the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • the elastic support part is a high temperature resistant elastic member and provides the sealing outer layer with a pressing force towards the bearing seat and the bearing body respectively, forming an annular seal.
  • high-pressure gas from an external gas source is injected into the annular air cavity 310 through the air holes, and then distributed and injected into the first gap between the bearing body 300 and the thrust plate through the through holes of the bearing body 300, in the first gap An air film is formed, and when the rotating shaft 100 rotates, the air film forms a support between the rotating shaft 100 and the thrust plate.
  • a gas turbine comprising the gas bearing assembly of any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-7.

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Abstract

一种气体轴承组件，包括轴承座（200）、轴承本体（300）和密封圈（400），轴承本体套设于转轴（100）并位于轴承座内，轴承本体具有环形气腔（310），轴承本体上具有环形的密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔之间形成环形凸起，密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈，密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层（410），以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部（420），弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座和轴承本体贴紧密封。通过对气体轴承密封结构的改进，尤其是对密封圈结构的改进，增强了密封圈的密封效果，即使是在高温工况下也能够长久地保持密封效果。还包括一种具有该气体轴承组件的燃气轮机。

Description

气体轴承组件及燃气轮机 技术领域
本实用新型涉及一种气体轴承组件及燃气轮机，属于轴承技术领域。
背景技术
燃气轮机以连续流动的气体为工质带动叶轮高速旋转，将燃料的能量转变为有用功，是一种旋转叶轮式热力发动机。其主要包括压气机、燃烧室、涡轮三大部件：压气机从外界大气环境吸入空气，并逐级压缩使之增压，同时空气温度也相应提高；压缩空气被压送到燃烧室与喷入的燃料混合燃烧生成高温高压的气体；然后再进入到涡轮中膨胀做功，推动涡轮带动压气机和外负荷转子一起高速旋转，实现了气体或液体燃料的化学能部分转化为机械功，并可通过连接发电机输出电能。
非接触式轴承(例如气体轴承)由于其摩擦系数和摩擦力矩小、运动精度高等特点，在一些高转速的场合使用越来越普遍。气体轴承依靠轴承间隙中的压力气膜实现转子系统的支撑。气体轴承通常采用密封圈(例如氟胶密封圈)保证气腔的气密效果，以保证气体轴承的供气稳定，使气体轴承稳定运行。然而，燃气轮机的燃烧室出口气体温度往往高达900℃，涡轮处的温度达500～600℃，邻近涡轮设置的气体轴承受到燃烧室和涡轮的热辐射影响，气体轴承中常用的密封圈容易受高温熔化、失效，从而影响气腔处的密封效果，导致气腔漏气，进而使得气体轴承的气膜不稳定、支撑力不足，影响气体轴承稳定运行。另外，在燃气轮机运行过程中，转轴由于振动等因素与气体轴承定子出现接触，涡轮的热量会通过转轴、气体轴承定子传导至气体轴承的密封圈，使得密封圈受热熔化，导致气腔漏气。
实用新型内容
针对上述现有技术，本实用新型提供了一种气体轴承组件，以及包括该气体轴承组件的燃气轮机。
本实用新型是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴上，包括轴承座、轴承本体和密封圈，其中，
所述轴承本体套设于转轴并位于轴承座内，所述轴承本体具有绕转轴设置的环形气腔；
所述轴承本体上具有位于环形气腔两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座之间间隙设置；
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有所述密封圈，所述密封圈紧贴于轴承座和轴承本体以使其间形成密封；
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座和轴承本体贴紧密封。
进一步地，当所述气体轴承组件为径向轴承组件时，所述轴承本体与转轴间隙配合并具有第一间隙，所述轴承本体的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽与轴承座的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔。
进一步地，当所述气体轴承组件为推力轴承组件时，所述轴承本体与设在转轴上的推力盘在轴向上对置安装且具有第一间隙，所述轴承本体的轴向外侧具有环形凹槽，所述环形凹槽与轴承座的轴向内侧壁围成环形气腔。
进一步地，所述轴承本体上具有贯通环形气腔与第一间隙的通孔。
进一步地，所述轴承座上设置有与环形气腔连通的气孔，以将环形气腔与外部气源连通。
进一步地，所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件(例如金属弹性件)(所述高温是指500～900℃的高温)并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑部的截面为U形、V形、半圆形、半椭圆形、抛物线形中的任意一种，并且在该形状的开口或临近开口位置部分提供所述压紧力。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑部的截面为圆形、椭圆形、多边形中的任意一种，并且在该形状的中心或临近中心位置部分提供所述压紧力。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑部为悬臂弹簧、格栅弹簧、螺旋弹簧或线圈弹簧，分别对应于U形、V形、圆形、椭圆形的弹性支撑部。
进一步地，所述密封圈由径向和/或轴向堆叠串联设置的两个以上的密封单元组成。串联设置的密封单元具有多个有效密封区域，能够进一步增强密封效果。
进一步地，所述密封外层内设有两个以上的容纳槽，每个容纳槽内均设有弹性支撑部。
进一步地，所述密封外层的单侧唇边厚度小于环形气腔两侧环形凸起与轴承座之间间隙的厚度，在向环形气腔通入气体时，气体会进入密封外层的容纳槽内，气压会使弹性支撑部进一步扩张，增强密封效果。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑部与容纳槽开口之间还设有前支撑部件，以对密封圈限位和支撑。
进一步地，所述密封外层的材质可以是工程塑料，例如PTFE、RPTFE、填充(碳纤维、石墨、玻璃纤维等)型PTFE、UPE、PCTFE、PEEK、PI，或其他聚合物材料。
进一步地，所述弹性支撑部的材质可以是不锈钢、钴基合金、镍基合金等。
进一步地，所述密封外层与弹性支撑部为同材料的一体结构。
进一步地，所述密封外层与弹性支撑部一体设置，可以是一体成型，或分体成型后通过焊接等方式固定连接。一体设置的密封圈的密封效果和耐用性更好，尤其是在高温工况下能够长久保持密封效果。在高温、长时间运行环境下，一体设置的密封圈基本不会产生碎屑，并且密封外层和弹性支撑部之间不容易发生脱离，避免由于密封外层和弹性支撑部之间脱离而导致的密封失效。
进一步地，所述气体轴承组件还包括止挡部，止挡部设置于密封圈背向环形气腔一侧，以对密封圈限位和支撑。所述止挡部可以是由轴承座或轴承本体延伸出而形成的，也可以是连接于轴承座或轴承本体的中间部件。
进一步地，所述轴承本体的轴向端部设置有台阶槽，使得密封圈背向环形气腔的至少部分不与轴承本体接触，由于密封圈的主要密封位置为靠近环形气腔的半部，这样设置不影响密封效果，并且减小了密封圈与轴承本体的接触面积，改善了密封圈的阻尼效果。
进一步地，所述外部气源为气泵。
进一步地，所述通孔的数量可以是多个；更进一步地，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
一种燃气轮机，包括上述结构的气体轴承组件。
本实用新型的气体轴承组件，安装于转轴上，可用于径向轴承或推力轴承。
本实用新型的气体轴承组件，密封圈由至少一个密封单元组成(由多个串联连接的密封单元组成时，密封效果更佳)。密封单元包括具有至少一个容纳槽的密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的弹性支撑部，弹性支撑部可以对密封外层的开口处进行扩张，使得密封外层与轴承座和轴承本体更紧密地接触，提高密封效果。弹性支撑部可以是耐高温的金属弹性件，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但金属弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体，维持密封效果。弹性支撑部的形状可以为多种样式。密封外层与弹性支撑部可以一体设置，不宜脱落，不会产生碎屑，密封效果和耐用性更佳，尤其是在高温工况下能够长久保持密封效果。总之，本实用新型通过对气体轴承密封结构的改进，尤其是对密封圈结构的改进，大大增强了密封圈的密封效果，即使是在高温工况下也能够长久地保持密封效果。
本实用新型使用的各种术语和短语具有本领域技术人员公知的一般含义。提及的术语和 短语如有与公知含义不一致的，以本实用新型所表述的含义为准。
附图说明
图1：实施例1的气体轴承组件的结构示意图。
图2：密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为U型)。
图3：密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为圆形)。
图4：密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为椭圆形)。
图5：密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为抛物线形)。
图6：悬臂弹簧示意图。
图7：格栅弹簧示意图。
图8：实施例2的密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为抛物线形)。
图9：实施例3的密封圈的截面示意图(密封外层内设有两个容纳槽，弹性支撑部为圆形)。
图10：实施例3的密封圈的截面示意图(密封外层内设有4个容纳槽，弹性支撑部为圆形)。
图11：实施例4的密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为抛物线形)。
图12：实施例4的密封圈的截面示意图(弹性支撑部为圆形)。
图13：实施例5的密封圈的截面示意图(一体设置)。
图14：实施例6的气体轴承组件的结构示意图。
其中，100、转轴；200、轴承座；300、轴承本体；310、环形气腔；400、密封圈；410、密封外层；420、弹性支撑部。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本实用新型作进一步的说明。然而，本实用新型的范围并不限于下述实施例。本领域的专业人员能够理解，在不背离本实用新型的精神和范围的前提下，可以对本实用新型进行各种变化和修饰。
实施例1(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
工作时，来自于外部气源的高压气体通过气孔注入到环形气腔310中，再通过轴承本体300的通孔分配注入到轴承本体300与转轴100之间的第一间隙，在第一间隙内形成气膜，在转轴100相对于轴承本体300转动时，气膜在转轴100与轴承本体300之间形成支撑。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
所述耐高温的弹性件可以为金属弹性件，如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但金属弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
所述弹性支撑部的截面的形状可以为U形(如图2所示)，并且在该形状的开口或临近开口位置部分提供压紧力；也可以为V形，也可以为抛物线形(如图5所示)，也可以为半圆形、半椭圆形。也可以为圆形(如图3所示)，也可以为椭圆形(如图4所示)、多边形，并且在该形状的中心或临近中心位置部分提供压紧力。
相应地，所述弹性支撑部可以为悬臂弹簧(如图6所示)、格栅弹簧(如图7所示)、螺旋弹簧或线圈弹簧，分别对应于U形、V形、圆形、椭圆形的弹性支撑部。
所述密封外层的单侧唇边厚度小于环形气腔310两侧环形凸起与轴承座200之间的第二间隙的厚度，在向环形气腔310通入气体时，气体会进入密封外层的容纳槽内，气压会使弹性支撑部进一步扩张，增强密封效果。
所述气体轴承组件还可以包括止挡部，止挡部设置于密封圈背向环形气腔一侧，以对密封圈限位和支撑。所述止挡部可以是由轴承座或轴承本体延伸出而形成的，也可以是连接于 轴承座或轴承本体的中间部件。
所述密封外层的材质可以是工程塑料，例如PTFE、RPTFE、填充(碳纤维、石墨、玻璃纤维等)型PTFE、UPE、PCTFE、PEEK、PI，或其他聚合物材料。
所述弹性支撑部的材质可以是不锈钢、钴基合金、镍基合金等。
实施例2(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈由径向和/或轴向堆叠串联设置的两个的密封单元组成，如图8所示。串联设置的密封单元具有多个有效密封区域，能够进一步增强密封效果。
所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
实施例3(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙 配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有两个容纳槽(如图9所示)或4个容纳槽(如图10所示)的环形密封外层(以应对不同尺寸的密封截面)，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
实施例4(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
所述弹性支撑部与容纳槽开口之间还设有前支撑部件，如图11、图12所示，以对密封圈限位和支撑。
实施例5(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
所述密封外层与弹性支撑部一体设置(密封外层410与弹性支撑部420是完整连续的环 形密封结构，为同材料的一体结构)，如图13所示，可以是一体成型，或分体成型后通过焊接等方式固定连接。一体设置的密封圈的密封效果和耐用性更好，尤其是在高温工况下能够长久保持密封效果。在高温、长时间运行环境下，一体设置的密封圈基本不会产生碎屑(塑料或塑胶密封圈在高温、长时间工况下容易产生碎屑，碎屑容易进入其他零部件中干扰运行)，并且密封外层和弹性支撑部之间不容易发生脱离，避免由于密封外层和弹性支撑部之间脱离而导致的密封失效。
实施例6(本实施例所示气体轴承为径向轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，如图1所示，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与转轴100间隙配合并具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的径向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的径向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310轴向两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400(如图2所示)，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔(图中未示出)，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
所述轴承本体300的轴向端部设置有台阶槽，如图14所示，使得密封圈400背向环形气腔310的至少部分不与轴承本体300接触，由于密封圈400的主要密封位置为靠近环形气腔310的半部，这样设置不影响密封效果，并且减小了密封圈400与轴承本体300的接触面积，改善了密封圈400的阻尼效果。
实施例7(该实施例所示气体轴承为推力轴承)
一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴100上，包括轴承座200、轴承本体300和密封圈400，其中，
所述轴承本体300套设于转轴100并位于轴承座200内，轴承本体300与设在转轴100上的推力盘在轴向上对置安装且具有第一间隙，轴承本体300的轴向外侧具有环形凹槽，该环形凹槽与轴承座200的轴向内侧壁围成环形气腔310。
所述轴承本体300上具有位于环形气腔310两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔310之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座200之间具有第二间隙。
所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有密封圈400，密封圈400在径向上紧贴于轴承座200和轴承本体300使其间形成密封，以保证环形气腔310在第二间隙处的气密效果。
所述轴承本体300上具有贯通环形气腔310与第一间隙的通孔。
所述轴承座200上设置有与环形气腔310连通的气孔，以将环形气腔310与外部气源(例如气泵)连通，通孔的数量可以是多个，多个通孔可以绕轴设置。
所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使密封外层扩张以使密封单元与轴承座200和轴承本体300贴紧密封。
所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向环形气腔310，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为密封外层提供至少分别朝向轴承座和轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。如此，即便密封外层受高温熔化变形，但耐高温弹性件的扩张力可以对密封进行补偿，使变形后的密封外层再次贴紧至轴承座和轴承本体。
工作时，来自于外部气源的高压气体通过气孔注入到环形气腔310中，再通过轴承本体300的通孔分配注入到轴承本体300与推力盘之间的第一间隙，在第一间隙内形成气膜，在转轴100转动时，气膜在转轴100与推力盘之间形成支撑。
实施例8 燃气轮机
一种燃气轮机，包括上述实施例1～7之一的气体轴承组件。
给本领域技术人员提供上述实施例，以完全公开和描述如何实施和使用所主张的实施方案，而不是用于限制本文公开的范围。对于本领域技术人员而言显而易见的修饰将在所附权利要求的范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种气体轴承组件，用于安装于转轴上，其特征在于：包括轴承座、轴承本体和密封圈，其中，
    所述轴承本体套设于转轴并位于轴承座内，所述轴承本体具有绕转轴设置的环形气腔；
    所述轴承本体上具有位于环形气腔两侧的环形密封圈安装槽，密封圈安装槽与环形气腔之间形成环形凸起，该环形凸起与轴承座之间间隙设置；
    所述密封圈安装槽中容纳有所述密封圈，所述密封圈紧贴于轴承座和轴承本体以使其间形成密封；
    所述密封圈包括至少一个环形的密封单元，所述密封单元包括：具有至少一个容纳槽的环形密封外层，以及位于容纳槽内的环形弹性支撑部，所述弹性支撑部通过弹力使所述密封外层扩张以使所述密封单元与所述轴承座和所述轴承本体贴紧密封。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述密封外层的容纳槽的开口朝向所述环形气腔，所述弹性支撑部为耐高温弹性件并且为所述密封外层提供至少分别朝向所述轴承座和所述轴承本体的压紧力，形成环形密封。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述弹性支撑部的截面为U形、V形、半圆形、半椭圆形、抛物线形中的任意一种，并且在该形状的开口或临近开口位置部分提供所述压紧力；
    或：所述弹性支撑部的截面为圆形、椭圆形、多边形中的任意一种，并且在该形状的中心或临近中心位置部分提供所述压紧力。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述弹性支撑部为悬臂弹簧、格栅弹簧、螺旋弹簧或线圈弹簧中的任意一种。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述密封外层与所述弹性支撑部为同材料的一体结构。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述密封圈由径向和/或轴向堆叠串联设置的两个以上的密封单元组成。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述密封外层的单侧唇边厚度小于环形气腔两侧环形凸起与轴承座之间间隙的厚度。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述气体轴承组件还包括止挡部，止挡部设置于密封圈背向环形气腔一侧，以对密封圈限位和支撑；所述止挡部是由轴承座或轴承本体延伸出而形成的，或是连接于轴承座或轴承本体的中间部件。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的气体轴承组件，其特征在于：所述轴承本体的轴向端部设置有 台阶槽，使得密封圈背向环形气腔的至少部分不与轴承本体接触。
  10. 一种燃气轮机，包括权利要求1～9中任一项所述的气体轴承组件。
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JPS6461592A (en) * 1987-08-27 1989-03-08 Dainippon Printing Co Ltd Production of paper having metal watermark
JP2009055777A (ja) * 2007-08-01 2009-03-12 Nsk Ltd スピンドル装置
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