WO2023047786A1 - 円形加速器、粒子線治療システム、およびイオン源 - Google Patents
円形加速器、粒子線治療システム、およびイオン源 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023047786A1 WO2023047786A1 PCT/JP2022/028592 JP2022028592W WO2023047786A1 WO 2023047786 A1 WO2023047786 A1 WO 2023047786A1 JP 2022028592 W JP2022028592 W JP 2022028592W WO 2023047786 A1 WO2023047786 A1 WO 2023047786A1
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- Prior art keywords
- ion source
- circular accelerator
- discharge chamber
- ion
- discharge
- Prior art date
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001959 radiotherapy Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 185
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003779 heat-resistant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21K—TECHNIQUES FOR HANDLING PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
- G21K5/00—Irradiation devices
- G21K5/04—Irradiation devices with beam-forming means
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N5/1077—Beam delivery systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
- H05H13/005—Cyclotrons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
- H05H13/04—Synchrotrons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N5/00—Radiation therapy
- A61N5/10—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy
- A61N2005/1085—X-ray therapy; Gamma-ray therapy; Particle-irradiation therapy characterised by the type of particles applied to the patient
- A61N2005/1087—Ions; Protons
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H2277/00—Applications of particle accelerators
- H05H2277/10—Medical devices
- H05H2277/11—Radiotherapy
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a circular accelerator, an ion source suitable for the circular accelerator, and a particle beam therapy system.
- Patent Document 1 As a background technology in this technical field, there is a technology described in Patent Document 1.
- Patent Literature 1 states that "the cyclotron comprises a second internal ion source (2) for producing the same particle ions as the first internal ion source (1), and furthermore the cyclotron comprises the first internal ion source or the second Energetic particle beams can be generated by either of the internal ion sources or by both ion sources simultaneously.” or "The central vertical axis passes through the center of the cyclotron and is the magnetic field inside the cyclotron. defined as an axis that is parallel to the orientation.
- the ion source is placed at substantially the same distance from the central axis, but not necessarily symmetrically with respect to the central axis.”
- Patent Document 1 describes that two ion sources are arranged in the cyclotron inside the cyclotron, and the operating rate and reliability are improved by switching between the two ion sources.
- Patent Document 1 the technology described in Patent Document 1 is not considered to be applied to a circular accelerator having a single acceleration electrode in the acceleration gap. For this reason, for example, the ion source interferes with the circulating beam, resulting in a decrease in the current emitted from the accelerator, or the installation is difficult. In addition, it is necessary to adjust the installation positions of the respective ion sources so as not to interfere with each other, which increases the time required to replace the ion sources and lowers the operation rate of the apparatus. Furthermore, it was difficult to install two or more ion sources, making it difficult to further improve the operating rate.
- the present invention provides a circular accelerator, a particle beam therapy system, and an ion source that improve the operating rate and maintainability of the equipment compared to the past.
- the present invention includes a plurality of means for solving the above problems.
- an ion source in which at least two or more discharge chambers for generating ions linearly parallel to the central axis are arranged, and by moving the ion source in a direction parallel to the central axis, at least two or more It is characterized in that the discharge chamber from which ions are extracted can be selected from among the discharge chambers.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of a particle beam therapy system using a circular accelerator of the present invention
- FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the circular accelerator shown in FIG. 1
- FIG. Figure 2 shows a cross section of the circular accelerator shown in Figure 1
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a side view around the ion source of FIG. 2
- 5 is a diagram showing a schematic structure of the ion source of FIG. 4 as viewed from below
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the ion source of FIG. 4 moved downward by an alignment guide
- FIG. 10 is a view showing another form of the ion source of the present invention, showing an outline of a case where the ion source is moved by an alignment pin.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the structure of the ion source of FIG. 8 when the ion source is moved downward when the gas introduction pipe is integrated.
- FIGS. 1 to 9 An embodiment of the circular accelerator, particle beam therapy system, and ion source of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9.
- the same or corresponding components are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals, and repeated descriptions of these components may be omitted.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of the particle beam therapy system of this embodiment.
- the particle beam therapy system 100 includes a cyclotron accelerator 50, a beam transport system 52, an irradiation device 54, a treatment table 40, a control device 56, and the like.
- ions generated by the ion source 3 are accelerated by the accelerator 50 to form an ion beam.
- the ion beam accelerated to the desired energy is emitted from the accelerator 50 and transported to the irradiation device 54 by the beam transport system 52 .
- the transported ion beam is shaped by the irradiation device 54 so as to match the shape of the diseased part, and the target of the patient 45 lying on the treatment table 40 is irradiated with a predetermined amount.
- a control device 56 controls the operation of each device and equipment in the particle beam therapy system 100 including the accelerator 50 .
- FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of the accelerator of this embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view.
- the cyclotron accelerator 50 is composed of a main magnetic pole 1, an annular coil 2, a vacuum vessel 6, a high frequency acceleration electrode 8, and an ion source 3.
- the main magnetic pole 1 is a pair of magnetic bodies placed to face each other, and is made of, for example, iron.
- the main magnetic pole 1 is provided with a pair of upper and lower magnetic poles 10 facing each other so as to generate a circular orbit 12 of the beam, and a magnetic field is generated between the magnetic poles 10 .
- a magnetic field B0 as shown in FIG. 2 is generated by the magnetic pole 10, and a gradient magnetic field is formed outward from the center of rotation of the magnetic pole 10 to generate a focusing force of the circulating ion beam and realize stable rotation.
- the surface shape of each opposing surface between the magnetic pole gaps of the pair of upper and lower magnetic poles 10 that generate the magnetic field B0 is symmetrical.
- it is possible to form a magnetic pole having a convergence effect by forming a magnetic pole shape in which unevenness is provided in the traveling direction of the beam.
- the vacuum vessel 6 is sandwiched between the main magnetic poles 1, forming one vacuum vessel with the magnetic pole 10 as the inner surface, and forming a magnetic circuit.
- Vacuum container 6 is a non-magnetic material.
- a separated vacuum vessel may be separately provided in the gap between the magnetic poles 10 without using the magnetic poles 10 as the inner surface of the vacuum vessel.
- the toroidal coil 2 is installed on the atmosphere side of the vacuum vessel 6, and generates a magnetic field B0 between the pair of upper and lower main magnetic poles 1.
- the annular coil 2 can generate a magnetic field similarly whether it is a coil made of a normal conducting material or a coil made of a superconducting material. Note that the annular coil 2 may be installed in the vacuum vessel 6, and is not particularly specified.
- the ion source 3 is arranged inside the magnetic pole 10, and the plasma generated in the discharge chamber 36 passes through the extraction hole 37, and the high frequency power supplied by the high frequency power supply 20 is applied to the high frequency acceleration electrode 8, the ion source 3, and the ion source 3.
- An extraction beam 15 is formed by a high-frequency electric field generated between the ground electrodes 9 which have the same potential as .
- the formed extraction beam 15 circulates while drawing a spiral orbit 12 due to the magnetic field B0 generated by the magnetic pole 10 and the electric field generated in the acceleration gap 7 between the high-frequency acceleration electrode 8 and the ground electrode 9. , and after being accelerated to a predetermined energy while increasing the energy, it is taken out of the main magnetic pole 1 .
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing details of the ion source 3 of FIG. 2, and shows an example in which the first ion source 31 and the second ion source 32 are arranged in series in a direction parallel to the magnetic field generated by the magnetic pole 10. It is a figure at the time of operating the 1st ion source 31.
- FIG. FIG. 5 is a diagram of the ion source 3 viewed from below.
- FIG. 6 shows the case where the ion source 3 of FIG. 2 is moved downward and the second ion source 32 is operated.
- the ion source 3 shown in FIG. 4 is installed between the opposing magnetic poles 10 and has at least two or more discharge chambers 36 linearly arranged in parallel to the central axis of the circulating ion beam. is.
- the ion source 3 is composed of a cathode 33 that generates electrons, a discharge chamber 36 that generates ions, a discharge power supply 21, an extraction hole 37 that extracts ions from the discharge chamber 36, and a discharge container 39.
- a (Penning Ionization Gauge) type first ion source 31 and a second ion source 32 having the same configuration as the first ion source 31 are arranged in a straight line parallel to the central axis of the orbiting ion beam, that is, Two of them are arranged in the insertion direction of the ion source 3 into the main magnetic pole 1 (the same direction as the direction in which the plurality of discharge chambers 36 are arranged).
- the ion source 3 is further provided with a gas pipe 24 for supplying the sample gas to each of the discharge chamber 36 of the first ion source 31 and the discharge chamber 36 of the second ion source 32 .
- the number of discharge chambers 36 of the ion source 3 is not limited to two, and a plurality of discharge chambers 36 can be stacked in the same direction, and can be three or more.
- the cathode 33 of the first ion source 31 and the cathode 33 of the second ion source 32 are fixed to a common cathode support 35 as shown in FIGS. 4-5. Both the first ion source 31 and the second ion source 32 are arranged so as to sandwich the discharge chamber 36 .
- a voltage is applied between the cathode 33 and the discharge vessel 39 by the discharge power supply 21. Electrons are drawn toward the discharge chamber 36 by setting the cathode 33 to a negative potential with respect to the discharge vessel 39 .
- Each of the discharge chamber 36 of the first ion source 31 and the discharge chamber 36 of the second ion source 32 is connected to a separately provided gas pipe 24 , and is connected to the high-frequency acceleration electrode 8 by the gas switch 23 .
- a sample gas 22 is supplied to the first ion source 31 located. That is, the sample gas 22 is supplied only to the discharge chamber 36 to be operated in the ion source 3 .
- the extraction hole 37 of the first ion source 31 and the extraction hole 37 of the second ion source 32 are arranged in a row in the insertion direction, and aligned in a straight line parallel to the center axis of the circulating ion beam. ing.
- a common alignment guide 34 is provided for the first ion source 31 and the second ion source 32, and the alignment guide 34 is slid and inserted in accordance with the notch 9A provided in the ground electrode 9. .
- the positions of the circulating ion beams of the two or more discharge chambers 36 are aligned in the direction of the central axis.
- the position and rotation of the ion source 3 can be fixed by forming the alignment guide 34 into a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG.
- the alignment guide 34 it is also possible to perform positioning by separately fixing with a flange or the like on the upstream side in the insertion direction.
- the cathode 33 is made of a material that easily emits electrons, such as tungsten (W) or lanthanum hexaboride (LaB 6 ), but the material is not particularly limited. Further, the cathode 33 may be a cold cathode that does not overheat, or a cathode that is forcibly heated by applying current. However, the life of the cathode 33 is better with the cold cathode.
- the discharge vessel 39 is made of a heat-resistant material, preferably tantalum (Ta) or copper (Cu) with good thermal conductivity, but the material is not particularly limited.
- the first ion source 31 and the second ion source 32 operate as follows to generate plasma that is the source of ion beams.
- a voltage is applied by the discharge power supply 21 between the cathode 33 and the container forming the discharge chamber 36 . Electrons are emitted from the cathode 33 by the high voltage and are introduced into the discharge chamber 36 as a result toward the discharge vessel 39 which has a positive potential when viewed from the cathode 33 .
- a sample gas 22 introduced through a gas pipe 24 collides with electrons to generate plasma.
- the magnetic field B0 generated by the magnetic pole 10 causes the electrons to spirally move, thereby extending the residence time of the electrons in the discharge chamber 36 and further increasing the efficiency of plasma generation.
- the first ion source 31 is moved to the position of the high frequency acceleration electrode 8 .
- the discharge power source 21 applies a voltage to the cathode 33
- the sample gas 22 is supplied to the discharge chamber 36 of the first ion source 31 by the gas switch 23 , plasma is generated, and the extraction beam 15 is extracted.
- the ion source 3 is further inserted perpendicular to the main pole 1, and the second ion source 32 is moved to the position of the rf acceleration electrode 8, as shown in FIG. .
- the ion source 3 is only moved in a direction parallel to the central axis, the vacuum state of the accelerator 50 can be maintained, and the time required for replacement can be minimized.
- the sample gas 22 is supplied to the discharge chamber 36 of the second ion source 32 by the gas switch 23 to generate plasma and extract the extraction beam 15 .
- the gas switch 23 since the supply of the sample gas 22 to the discharge chamber 36 of the first ion source 31 is stopped, no ions are generated.
- the ion source 3 is inserted through a hole penetrating the main magnetic pole 1 and the magnetic pole 10 .
- a plurality of ion sources (first ion source 31 and second ion source 32) can be installed while avoiding interference with the orbit 12 by inserting from the top of the main magnetic pole 1 and stacking them in the insertion direction. can.
- the distribution of the magnetic field B0 generated between the magnetic poles 10 is influenced and changed by providing the holes in the main magnetic pole 1 and the magnetic poles 10 .
- the orbit radius of the orbit 12 is determined by the strength of the magnetic field B0 generated between the magnetic poles 10. If the magnetic field B0 is 2 tesla and the acceleration voltage is 10 kilovolts, the circling radius will be 7.2 mm. 4 mm.
- the outer diameter of the ion source 3 must be smaller than the circling diameter (radius) in order to prevent the circulating ion beam from colliding with the ion source 3 itself to reduce the current value and to increase the ion beam utilization efficiency.
- the cathode support 35 for supplying voltage to the ion source 3 and the gas pipe 24 in a narrow area.
- the cathode 33 is supported by a common cathode support 35, and the plasma of the sample gas 22 is generated and operated by the gas switching device 23.
- a plurality of ion sources can be installed in a narrow area.
- a current monitor 17 is further provided to detect the current of the ion beam that revolves around the orbit 12 that revolves between the magnetic poles 10 . After that, the discharge chamber 36 to be operated is switched according to the fluctuation of the current value detected by the current monitor 17 .
- the discharge power supply 21 is normally controlled to increase the voltage applied to the cathode 33 .
- the beam current does not increase even if the voltage applied to the cathode 33 is increased, it can be determined that the first ion source 31 in use has reached the end of its life.
- the ion beam can be supplied without stopping the ion source for a long time.
- the ion source 3 itself needs to be replaced. Therefore, when the ion source 3 itself is replaced, the operation of the accelerator 50 is stopped and the ion source 3 is released to the atmosphere before replacement.
- Monitoring the current value detected by the current monitor 17 and determining the switching timing may be performed automatically by the device side by a control device (not shown for convenience of illustration), or the detection result may be displayed on the display device. It may be performed by the operator as the operator, and is not particularly limited.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an outline in the case of moving with an alignment pin
- FIGS. 8 and 9 are diagrams showing an outline in the case of integrating gas introduction pipes.
- the ion source 3A shown in FIG. It is a form for implementing alignment including rotation.
- the alignment pin 38 has a circular or semicircular cross section and is provided below the first ion source 31 .
- the positioning pin 38 is passed through the reference hole provided in the magnetic pole 10 to position the ion source 3A. Further, by rotating the ion source 3A around the alignment pin 38, it can be used for position adjustment of the ion beam emission direction of the ion source 3A.
- the alignment pin may be provided on the surface of the magnetic pole 10 facing the first ion source 31 and the reference hole may be provided on the ion source 3 side.
- the alignment pin 38 is desirably installed at a position that is the center of rotation of the ion source 3A, such as the lower portion of the extraction hole 37, the center of the ion source 3A, the center of the orbit 12, and the like.
- the ion source 3B shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 has a form in which the gas pipe 25 for supplying the sample gas to the discharge chambers 36 is shared by at least two or more discharge chambers 36 .
- FIG. 8 shows an example in which the sample gas 22 is supplied to the first ion source 31 to generate plasma.
- FIG. 9 shows an example in which the ion source 3B is moved downward to introduce the sample gas 22 into the second ion source 32. This is an example in which plasma is generated by
- the discharge chamber 36 moves in the direction parallel to the central axis as in FIGS.
- a gas line 25 connected to the surface of vessel 39 is provided.
- the gas pipe 25 is provided, and the hole for supplying the sample gas may be shared.
- the gas pipe 25 is provided in the first ion source 31 or the second ion source 32 when the first ion source 31 or the second ion source 32 is moved to a height that matches the height of the high-frequency acceleration electrode 8. It is fixed to the ground electrode 9 so as to match the position of the gas supply hole.
- the first ion source 31 When the first ion source 31 is used, as shown in FIG. 8, it is moved to a position where the gas introduction hole of the first ion source 31 and the gas pipe 25 can be connected, and the sample gas 22 is introduced into the discharge chamber 36. do.
- the second ion source 32 As shown in FIG. 9, the ion source 3B is moved downward to a position where the gas introduction hole of the second ion source 32 is aligned with the gas pipe 25.
- FIG. A sample gas 22 is introduced into the discharge chamber 36 of the second ion source 32 to generate a plasma.
- the ion sources 3, 3A, and 3B are inserted from above the main pole 1, but the ion sources 3, 3A, and 3B are inserted from below the main pole 1 toward the upper side. It may be in the form of insertion, and the same operation is possible.
- the accelerator 50 of the present embodiment described above is installed between the opposing magnetic poles 10, the high-frequency acceleration electrode 8, and the opposing magnetic poles 10, and generates ions in a straight line parallel to the central axis of the circulating ion beam.
- the ion sources 3, 3A, 3B in which at least two or more discharge chambers 36 are arranged, and by moving the ion sources 3, 3A, 3B in a direction parallel to the central axis, at least two or more discharge chambers Of the 36, a discharge chamber 36 for extracting ions can be selected.
- a plurality of ion sources are connected to the ion sources 3, 3A, and 3B.
- can be installed in the same position as the position of even if the ion source is replaced (from the first ion source 31 to the second ion source 32), only one position adjustment is required, there is no ion beam interference, and the atmosphere is released. It is possible to extract an ion beam by sequentially changing the ion source without any need.
- the ion sources 3, 3A, and 3B can be assembled and installed in series as a single unit, the positions can be adjusted at the same time with a single installation, which improves maintainability and shortens the maintenance time and maintenance cycle. The effect of improving the operating rate of the equipment is also obtained.
- the cathodes 33 of the ion sources 3, 3A, 3B are supported by a common cathode support 35 in at least two or more discharge chambers 36. Since the sample gas is supplied only to the ion sources 3, 3A and 3B, the space-saving configuration can be achieved.
- the gas pipe 25 for supplying the sample gas to the discharge chambers 36 is common to at least two or more discharge chambers 36, and the discharge chambers 36 are oriented parallel to the central axis, thereby further reducing the ion source 3B. It can be configured as a space.
- a current monitor 17 for detecting the current of the circulating ion beam is further provided, and by switching the discharge chamber 36 to be operated according to the variation of the current value detected by the current monitor 17, the first discharge chamber 36 can be operated at the timing as close as possible to the life. Switching between the first ion source 31 and the second ion source 32 becomes possible.
- the ion source 3 has an alignment guide 34 for aligning the positions of at least two or more discharge chambers 36 in the direction of the central axis, or is arranged at the endmost of at least two or more discharge chambers 36 .
- the alignment pin 38 in the discharge chamber 36 By providing the alignment pin 38 in the discharge chamber 36, the alignment of the ion source 3 in the direction of the central axis of the ion beam is facilitated, and the labor required for maintenance can be further reduced.
- the extraction holes 37 for extracting ions from the discharge chamber 36 are arranged in a straight line parallel to the central axis, there are fewer adjustments when switching from the first ion source 31 to the second ion source 32. can be.
- the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and includes various modifications.
- the above-described embodiments have been described in detail in order to explain the present invention in an easy-to-understand manner, and are not necessarily limited to those having all the described configurations.
- it is possible to replace part of the configuration of one embodiment with the configuration of another embodiment and it is also possible to add the configuration of another embodiment to the configuration of one embodiment.
- the type of the accelerator 50 is not limited to a cyclotron type accelerator having magnetic poles provided with unevenness on the magnetic poles 10, but has magnetic poles inclined from the center of the magnetic poles 10, and is a synchrocyclotron type that modulates the frequency of high-frequency acceleration. It can also be used for accelerators of
- a synchrocyclotron-type accelerator is a type of accelerator that is an improved version of a cyclotron, and repeatedly accelerates charged particles moving in circular motion between large magnetic poles by applying a frequency-modulated high-frequency electric field. Also, at the speed of light, the mass of an accelerated particle increases due to relativistic effects, and the period of circular motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field increases proportionally with mass. The resulting period deviation from the high-frequency voltage is removed by modulating the frequency.
- the synchrocyclotron type accelerator has the same configuration as the cyclotron type accelerator, the ion source 3 can be arranged in the main magnetic pole 1, and the same effect can be obtained.
- Reference Signs List 1 Main magnetic pole 2 Annular coils 3, 3A, 3B Ion source 6 Vacuum vessel 7 Acceleration gap 8 High-frequency acceleration electrode 9 Ground electrode 9A Notch 10 Magnetic pole 12 Orbit 15 Extraction beam 17 Current monitor 20 High-frequency power supply 21 Discharge power supply 22 Sample gas 23 Gas switch 24, 25 Gas pipe 31 First ion source 32 Second ion source 33 Cathode 34 Alignment guide 35 Cathode Support 36 Discharge chamber 37 Drawer hole 38 Positioning pin 39 Discharge vessel 40 Treatment table 45 Patient 50 Accelerator 52 Beam transport system 54 Irradiation device 56 Control device 100 Particle beam therapy system
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Abstract
Description
なお、本発明は上記した実施例に限定されるものではなく、様々な変形例が含まれる。例えば、上記した実施例は本発明をわかりやすく説明するために詳細に説明したものであり、必ずしも説明した全ての構成を備えるものに限定されるものではない。また、ある実施例の構成の一部を他の実施例の構成に置き換えことが可能であり、また、ある実施例の構成に他の実施例の構成を加えることも可能である。また、各実施例の構成の一部について、他の構成の追加・削除・置換をすることが可能である。
2…円環状コイル
3,3A,3B…イオン源
6…真空容器
7…加速間隙
8…高周波加速電極
9…接地電極
9A…切り欠き
10…磁極
12…周回軌道
15…引き出しビーム
17…電流モニタ
20…高周波電源
21…放電用電源
22…試料ガス
23…ガス切り替え器
24,25…ガス配管
31…第一イオン源
32…第二イオン源
33…陰極
34…位置合わせガイド
35…陰極支持具
36…放電室
37…引き出し孔
38…位置合わせピン
39…放電容器
40…治療台
45…患者
50…加速器
52…ビーム輸送系
54…照射装置
56…制御装置
100…粒子線治療システム
Claims (10)
- 対向する磁極と、
加速電極と、
前記対向する磁極の間に設置されており、周回するイオンビームの中心軸に平行に直線状にイオンを生成する放電室が少なくとも2個以上配置されたイオン源と、を備え、
前記イオン源を前記中心軸に平行な方向に移動させることで少なくとも2個以上の前記放電室のうち、イオンを引き出す前記放電室が選択可能である
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1に記載の円形加速器において、
前記イオン源の陰極は、少なくとも2個以上の前記放電室で共通の支持具により支持されておりであり、
前記イオン源のうち、動作させる前記放電室にのみ試料ガスを供給する
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1または2に記載の円形加速器において、
前記放電室に試料ガスを供給するガス配管が、少なくとも2個以上の前記放電室で共通であり、
前記放電室が前記中心軸に平行な方向に移動する
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の円形加速器において、
イオンビームの電流を検出する電流モニタを更に備え、
前記電流モニタで検出される電流値の変動に応じて、動作させる前記放電室を切り替える
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載の円形加速器において、
前記イオン源は、少なくとも2個以上の前記放電室の前記中心軸の方向の位置を合わせるガイドを有する
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1乃至5のいずれか1項に記載の円形加速器において、
少なくとも2個以上の前記放電室のうち、最も端に配置される前記放電室に、位置合わせピンが設けられる
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載の円形加速器において、
前記放電室から前記イオンを引き出す引き出し孔が、前記中心軸に平行に直線状に並んで配置された
ことを特徴とする円形加速器。 - 請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載の円形加速器と、
ビーム輸送系と、
照射装置と、
治療台と、を備えた
ことを特徴とする粒子線治療システム。 - イオンを生成する放電室と、
前記放電室に試料ガスを供給するガス配管と、
前記放電室から前記イオンを引き出す引き出し孔と、を備え、
少なくとも2つ以上の前記放電室が、直線状に並んで配置された
ことを特徴とするイオン源。 - 請求項9に記載のイオン源において、
少なくとも2つ以上の前記引き出し孔が、前記直線状に並んで配置された
ことを特徴とするイオン源。
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Citations (4)
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JPS5574050A (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1980-06-04 | Toshiba Corp | Ion source device for particle accelerator |
JP2011523185A (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2011-08-04 | イオン・ビーム・アプリケーションズ・エス・アー | サイクロトロンによる粒子ビーム生成のためのツイン内部イオン源 |
JP2019096405A (ja) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 加速器および粒子線治療システム |
JP2019169255A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 円形加速器およびそれを備えた粒子線照射装置 |
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JPS5574050A (en) * | 1978-11-29 | 1980-06-04 | Toshiba Corp | Ion source device for particle accelerator |
JP2011523185A (ja) * | 2008-06-09 | 2011-08-04 | イオン・ビーム・アプリケーションズ・エス・アー | サイクロトロンによる粒子ビーム生成のためのツイン内部イオン源 |
JP2019096405A (ja) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 加速器および粒子線治療システム |
JP2019169255A (ja) * | 2018-03-22 | 2019-10-03 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 円形加速器およびそれを備えた粒子線照射装置 |
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