WO2023045485A1 - 一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统 - Google Patents

一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统 Download PDF

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WO2023045485A1
WO2023045485A1 PCT/CN2022/103822 CN2022103822W WO2023045485A1 WO 2023045485 A1 WO2023045485 A1 WO 2023045485A1 CN 2022103822 W CN2022103822 W CN 2022103822W WO 2023045485 A1 WO2023045485 A1 WO 2023045485A1
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gear
annular deep
deep groove
snow
cleaning system
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PCT/CN2022/103822
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English (en)
French (fr)
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温海焜
任志敏
邵骏
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中国科学院国家天文台南京天文光学技术研究所
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Publication of WO2023045485A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045485A1/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B5/00Cleaning by methods involving the use of air flow or gas flow
    • B08B5/02Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/30Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation in transportation, e.g. on roads, waterways or railways

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  • the invention belongs to the technical field of self-cleaning systems, and in particular relates to a gear self-cleaning system adapted to conditions of polar ice and snow.
  • the Antarctic region is unattended during the observation of the astronomical telescope in winter.
  • the gear transmission box When encountering extreme weather such as heavy wind, heavy snow and sudden drop in temperature, the gear transmission box will generate a lot of snow or frost, causing the gear meshing gap to be blocked by ice and snow. and unable to rotate.
  • the present invention provides a gear self-cleaning system suitable for polar ice and snow conditions.
  • the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
  • a gear self-cleaning system adapted to polar ice and snow conditions, characterized in that it includes a gear, a gas pipeline, an air pump and a PLC controller, and one or both end faces of the gear are provided with an annular deep groove centered on the center of the gear
  • the teeth of the gear are provided with air holes, and the inside of the air holes communicates with the annular deep groove;
  • the annular deep grooves are provided with a cover plate matching its specification; the cover plate has a through hole, so One end of the gas pipeline passes through the through hole and extends into the deep annular groove, and the other end is connected to the output end of the air pump; the PLC controller is connected to and controls the air pump.
  • both end surfaces of the gear are provided with annular deep grooves, and the two annular deep grooves are arranged symmetrically, and the teeth on the gear are provided with two air holes respectively communicating with the two annular deep grooves.
  • the two air holes 4 are arranged non-parallel.
  • a sealing ring is provided between the annular deep groove and the cover plate.
  • each tooth of the gear is provided with an air hole communicating with the deep annular groove.
  • the said annular deep groove and the cover plate are provided with threaded holes of the same specification, so that the cover plate can be detachably arranged on the annular deep groove through bolts.
  • an incubator is also provided, and the air pump is arranged in the incubator.
  • the present invention can open the air pump to pass the high-pressure gas through the air hole when it is necessary to clear the snow. It is discharged from the tooth gap to generate airflow, which can clean up falling snow, effectively protect the gears, and enable the gears working outdoors to operate normally.
  • Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the gear self-cleaning system adapted to polar ice and snow conditions of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the position of the sealing ring of the gear self-cleaning system adapted to the polar ice and snow conditions of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the air hole direction when both ends of the gear of the present invention are provided with annular deep grooves;
  • Figure 4 is the actual use diagram of ordinary gears in the Antarctic environment
  • Fig. 5 is an actual use diagram of gears in the Antarctic environment in the gear self-cleaning system adapted to polar ice and snow conditions of the present invention.
  • the modulus of the gear is 5, the number of teeth is 180, and the thickness is 100mm.
  • the annular deep groove 2 is a circular annular deep groove with a depth of 30mm.
  • the diameter of the inclined hole is 2mm. This system is applied to the transmission of a certain Antarctic telescope.
  • FIG. 1 it is a schematic structural diagram of a gear self-cleaning system suitable for polar ice and snow conditions, including a gear 1, a gas pipeline 7, an air pump 8 and a PLC controller 10, and one or both ends of the gear 1 are provided with the following
  • the center of the gear is the ring-shaped deep groove 2, which is used for the temporary storage of gas;
  • the teeth of the gear 1 are provided with air holes 4, and the inside of the air holes 4 communicates with the annular deep groove 2, so that the gas can be discharged to the teeth through the air holes 4.
  • the annular deep groove 2 is equipped with a cover plate 5 matching its specifications, which plays a certain sealing role;
  • the cover plate 5 is opened with a through hole 6, and one end of the gas pipe 7 passes through the through hole 6 and extends into the annular deep groove 2, the other end is connected to the output end of the air pump 8, and when the gear 1 rotates, the gas pipeline 7 may be wound, and the length of the gas pipeline 7 is at least sufficient to prevent it from falling out of the deep annular groove 2 during winding;
  • PLC The controller 10 is connected to and controls the air pump 8.
  • the gear used outdoors in Nanjing will always be covered with snow.
  • the air pump 8 can be turned on through the PLC controller 10, so that the high-pressure gas enters the annular deep groove through the gas pipeline 7 2, and reach the tooth gap through the air hole 4 to remove the snow on the tooth gap, and prevent gas leakage under the sealing effect of the cover plate 5, and the PLC controller 10 and the air pump 8 can be placed indoors, which can be removed by remote control snow.
  • both end surfaces of the gear 1 are provided with annular deep grooves 2, and the two annular deep grooves 2 are arranged symmetrically, and the teeth on the gear 1 are simultaneously provided with two air holes 4 respectively connected with the two annular deep grooves 2.
  • Each annular deep groove 2 is connected with a cover plate 5 for sealing, and a through hole 6 is provided on the cover plate 5.
  • the gas pipeline 7 is divided into two branches, which pass through the through holes 6 at both ends and extend into the respective annular deep grooves.
  • the air pump 8 is turned on, the high-pressure gas enters the annular deep groove 2 at both ends at the same time, so that the teeth on the gear 1 are washed by two streams of gas at the same time, which greatly improves the cleaning efficiency.
  • the two air holes 4 are arranged non-parallel, and the extension lines of the two air holes 4 intersect, as shown in Figure 3, which can cooperate with the slanting of the meshing gear end, so that the snow can be blown off by a tangential force, which further improves the Efficiency of snow removal.
  • a seal ring 3 is provided between the annular deep groove 2 and the cover plate 5, as shown in Figure 2, the seal ring 3 is arranged at the interface of the two to play a sealing role, and the gas output by the air pump 8 enters the ring through the gas pipeline 7. After the deep groove 2, if there is no sealing ring 3, it is very easy to discharge from the gap. On the one hand, the gas volume is reduced, and on the other hand, the pressure of the gas is reduced. It is difficult to remove the snow when blowing the snow through the air hole 4. .
  • Each tooth of the gear 1 is provided with an air hole 4 communicating with the annular deep groove 2 to ensure that the gas ejected by the air pump 8 can enter each tooth gap, avoiding snow remaining on individual tooth gaps, and improving the success of cleaning rate and cleaning effect.
  • the annular deep groove 2 and the cover plate 5 are provided with threaded holes of the same specification, so that the cover plate 5 is detachably arranged on the annular deep groove 2 through bolts.
  • incubator 9 air pump 8 is arranged in incubator 9, energizes insulation, guarantees that it can work at low temperature, and under the effect of incubator 9, the gas pumped out by air pump 8 is high-temperature gas, after listening to air hole 4. Snow accumulation can be melted to a certain extent when discharged onto the teeth, and the cleaning efficiency is improved.
  • the incubator 9 can be placed in a warm area in the room to prevent the outdoor bad weather from increasing the energy consumption of the incubator 9.
  • both the PLC controller and the air pump 8 can be arranged at a place away from the gear 1, For example, it is installed indoors, and the air pump 8 is placed in the incubator 9 to prevent the damage of the air pump 8 while increasing the temperature of the gas discharged from the air pump 8.
  • the air pump 8 is connected to the gear 1 through the gas pipeline 7.
  • the air pump 8 can be turned on through the PLC controller 10 in the room, the high-pressure gas generated by the air pump 8 enters the gas pipeline 7, passes through the through hole 6 on the cover plate 5 along the pipeline, enters the annular deep groove 2, and in the annular deep groove 2 and the cover plate 5 are provided with a sealing ring 3 to prevent the gas entering the groove 2 from being discharged from the gap of the cover plate 5, which reduces the gas volume on the one hand and reduces the gas pressure on the other hand; when the gas enters the deep annular groove 2 , flow along the air hole 4 to the tooth gap, wash off the snow on the tooth gap, and set the air hole 4 on each tooth gap, so that the high-pressure gas can flow to each tooth gap, which can effectively remove the snow on the tooth gap .

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  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)

Abstract

一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,包括齿轮(1)、气体管道(7)、气泵(8)和PLC控制器(10),齿轮(1)一个或两个端面上开有以齿轮中心为圆心的环形深槽(2);齿轮(1)的齿上设置有气孔(4),气孔(4)内部与环形深槽(2)连通;环形深槽(2)上均设有与其规格匹配的盖板(5);盖板(5)上开有通孔(6),气体管道(7)的一端穿过通孔(6)伸入环形深槽(2)内,另一端与气泵(8)的输出端连接;PLC控制器(10)连接并控制气泵(8)。

Description

一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统 技术领域
本发明属于一种自清洁系统技术领域,具体涉及一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统。
背景技术
南极地区在冬季天文望远镜观测时属于无人值守状态,在遇到大风大雪、气温陡然下降的极端恶劣天气时,齿轮传动箱会产生大量的积雪或者结霜,造成齿轮啮合间隙被冰雪堵住而无法转动。
由于其处于无人值守状态,无法用人工清扫的方法去除积雪,因此需要设计一种远程控制的自清洁系统清除齿轮齿和齿之间的积雪,保证望远镜正常转动,而现有技术中没有适合的技术方案。
发明内容
为解决上述南极使用的望远镜上齿轮易积雪且难以清除的技术问题,本发明提供一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统。
本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:包括齿轮、气体管道、气泵和PLC控制器,所述齿轮一个或两个端面上开有以齿轮中心为圆心的环形深槽;所述齿轮的齿上设置有气孔,所述气孔内部与所述环形深槽连通;所述环形深槽上均设有与其规格匹配的盖板;所述盖板上开有通孔,所述气体管道的一端穿过所述通孔伸入环形深槽内,另一端与所述气泵的输出端连接;所述PLC控制器连接并控制所述气泵。
进一步地,所述齿轮两个端面均开有环形深槽,且两个环形深槽对称设置,所述齿轮上的齿同时设有两支气孔分别与两个环形深槽连通。
更进一步地,所述两支气孔4非平行设置。
进一步地,所述环形深槽上与所述盖板之间设有密封环。
进一步地,所述齿轮的每个齿上均设有与环形深槽相通的气孔。
进一步地,所述环形深槽和盖板上设有相同规格的螺纹孔,使盖板通过螺栓可拆卸地设置在环形深槽上。
进一步地,还设有保温箱,所述气泵设置在所述保温箱内。
本发明的有益效果:现有的普通齿轮在南极环境使用时齿隙落雪的问题难以解决,本发明与现有技术相比,在需要进行清理积雪时,通过打开气泵,将高压气体通过气孔从齿隙排出,产生气流,能够将落雪清理,有效保护齿轮,使室外工作的齿轮能够正常运行。
附图说明
图1是本发明的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统结构示意图;
图2是本发明的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统密封环的位置示意图;
图3是本发明的齿轮两端面均设有环形深槽时的气孔方向示意图;
图4是普通齿轮在南极环境下的实际使用图;
图5是本发明适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统中齿轮在南极环境下的实际使用图。
附图标记说明:1、齿轮;2、环形深槽;3、密封环;4、气孔;5、盖板;6、通孔;7、气体管道;8、气泵;9、保温箱;10、PLC控制器。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述,实施例仅用于对本发明进行说明,并不构成对权利要求范围的限制,本领域技术人员可以想到的其他替代手段,均在本发明权利要求范围内。
此外,在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中央”、“中心”、“上”、“下”、左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对发明的限制。
实施例1
本实施例其中齿轮的模数为5,齿数为180,厚度为100mm,环形深槽2是圆形环形深槽,深度为30mm,斜孔的直径为2mm,该系统应用于某南极望远镜的传动轮上,如图1所示为适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统结构示意图,包括齿轮1、气体管道7、气泵8和PLC控制器10,齿轮1一个或两个端面上开有以齿轮中心为圆心的环形深槽2,用于气体的暂存;齿轮1的齿上设置有气孔4,所述气孔4内部与所述环形深槽2连通,使气体能够通过气孔4排出至齿上;环形深槽2上均设有与其规格匹配的盖板5,起到一定的密封作用;盖板5上开有通孔6,气体管道7的一端穿过通孔6伸入环形深槽2内,另一端与气泵8的输出端连接,且当齿轮1转动时,气体管道7可能会卷绕,气体管道7的长度至少满足在卷绕时不会从环形深槽2中脱出;PLC控制器10连接并控制气泵8,在南京室外使用的齿轮总是会被积雪覆盖,当需要进行喷吹时可以通过PLC控制器10打开气泵8,使高压气体通过气体管道7进入环形深槽2内,并经气孔4到达齿隙,以清除齿隙上的积雪,在盖板5的密封作用下防止气体泄漏,并且PLC控制器10和气泵8可以放置在室内,这样能够远程控制去除积雪。
优选地,所述齿轮1两个端面均开有环形深槽2,且两个环形深槽2对称设置,所述齿轮1上的齿同时设有两支气孔4分别与两个环形深槽2连通每个环形深槽2都设有用于密封的盖板5,盖板5上都设有通孔6,气体管道7分为两支,分别穿过两端的通孔6伸入各自的环形深槽2内,打开气泵8时,高压气体同时进入两端的环形深槽2,使齿轮1上的齿同时受到两股气体的冲洗,大大提高了清洁效率。
优选地,所述两支气孔4非平行设置,两个气孔4的延长线相交,如图3所示,能够配合啮合的齿轮端的斜着,这样可以有切向力把雪吹掉,进一步提高了积雪清理的效率。
环形深槽2上与盖板5之间设有密封环3,如图2所示,密封环3设置在两者的接口处,起到密封作用,气泵8输出的气体通过气体管道7进入环形深槽2后,如果没有密封环3,极容易从缝隙中排出,一方面降低了气量,另一方面减小了气体的压力,在通过气孔4进行对积雪的喷吹时难以清除积雪。
齿轮1的每个齿上均设有与环形深槽2相通的气孔4,保证气泵8喷出的气体能够进入每一个齿隙,避免了积雪残留在个别齿隙上,提高了清理的成功率和清理效果。
环形深槽2和盖板5上设有相同规格的螺纹孔,使盖板5通过螺栓可拆卸地设置在环形深槽2上。
还设有保温箱9,气泵8设置在保温箱9内,通电保温,保证其在低温下可以工作,并且在保温箱9的作用下,气泵8泵出的气体是高温气体,在听过气孔4排出至齿上时能够一定程度融化积雪,提高清理效率,保温箱9可以放在室内的温暖区域,防止室外的恶劣天气增加保温箱9的能耗。
在南极进行使用时,长期的风雪恶劣天气极容易对齿轮进行损坏,这主要是由于积雪降在齿隙上阻碍了齿轮的运行,如果不能够及时清除积雪,必然对整体设备造成影响,但是频繁的积雪又使得人工去除的方案难以实施,因此需要开发一种能够自动地、远程控制的方案,本发明中,将PLC控制器和气泵8均可以设置在远离齿轮1的地方,比如设置在室内,并且将气泵8放置在保温箱9内,防止气泵8损坏的同时可以提高气泵8排出的气体温度,气泵8通过气体管道7和齿轮1部位相连,在需要进行去除积雪时,可以在室内通过PLC控制器10打开气泵8,气泵8产生的高压气体进入气体管道7,沿着管道穿过盖板5上的通孔6进入到环形深槽2内,并且在环形深槽2和盖板5之间设置密封环3,避免进入凹槽2的气体从盖板5的缝隙中排出,一方面减少了气量,另一方面降低了气体压力;当气体进入环形深槽2后,顺着气孔4流向齿隙,冲落齿隙上的积雪,在每一个齿隙上均设置气孔4,即可使高压气体流向每一个齿隙,能够有效地清除齿隙上的积雪。
如图4所示为未使用本系统时的齿轮积雪图,在齿隙上布满厚厚的积雪,严重影响了齿轮的正常运行。
如图5所示为使用本系统时的齿轮积雪图,通过气泵8喷出的高压气体不断对齿隙进行喷吹,去除积雪的同时防止雪的沉积,在齿隙上几乎没有积雪,意味着本发明成功解决了南极室外使用齿轮结构易落雪的技术问题。
应说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围,其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims (7)

  1. 一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:包括齿轮(1)、气体管道(7)、气泵(8)和PLC控制器(10),所述齿轮(1)一个或两个端面上开有以齿轮中心为圆心的环形深槽(2);所述齿轮(1)的齿上设置有气孔(4),所述气孔(4)内部与所述环形深槽(2)连通;所述环形深槽(2)上均设有与其规格匹配的盖板(5);所述盖板(5)上开有通孔(6),所述气体管道(7)的一端穿过所述通孔(6)伸入环形深槽(2)内,另一端与所述气泵(8)的输出端连接;所述PLC控制器(10)连接并控制所述气泵(8)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:所述齿轮(1)两个端面均开有环形深槽(2),且两个环形深槽(2)对称设置,所述齿轮(1)上的齿同时设有两支气孔(4)分别与两个环形深槽(2)连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:所述两支气孔(4)非平行设置。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:所述环形深槽(2)上与所述盖板(5)之间设有密封环(3)。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:所述齿轮(1)的每个齿上均设有与环形深槽(2)相通的气孔(4)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:所述环形深槽(2)和盖板(5)上设有相同规格的螺纹孔,使盖板(5)通过螺栓可拆卸地设置在环形深槽(2)上。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统,其特征在于:还设有保温箱(9),所述气泵(8)设置在所述保温箱(9)内。
PCT/CN2022/103822 2021-09-24 2022-07-05 一种适应于极地冰雪条件下的齿轮自清洁系统 WO2023045485A1 (zh)

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