WO2023045162A1 - 深水管道药剂补充装置和方法 - Google Patents

深水管道药剂补充装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023045162A1
WO2023045162A1 PCT/CN2021/142499 CN2021142499W WO2023045162A1 WO 2023045162 A1 WO2023045162 A1 WO 2023045162A1 CN 2021142499 W CN2021142499 W CN 2021142499W WO 2023045162 A1 WO2023045162 A1 WO 2023045162A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
medicament
tank
ball valve
pipeline
medicine
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Application number
PCT/CN2021/142499
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐壮
刘华东
崔启利
张海波
Original Assignee
烟台杰瑞石油装备技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023045162A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023045162A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B13/00—Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
    • B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
    • F17D3/12—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for injecting a composition into the line

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to a device and method for replenishing medicines in deep water pipelines.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device and method.
  • the deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device can replenish cleaning agents on the seabed according to the amount and type of agents used when cleaning deep-water pipelines, thereby reducing operational difficulty and cost. .
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device includes: a first medicament tank, a second medicament tank, and a first medicament replenishing element, and The first switching ball valve between the second medicine tanks, wherein the first medicine replenishing element is configured to replenish the first medicine into the first medicine tank under water when the first switching ball valve is in a closed state , or the first medicament replenishing element is configured to replenish the first medicament to the first medicament tank and the second medicament tank underwater when the first switching ball valve is in an open state.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medicine replenishing device for a deep water pipeline, further comprising a Venturi tube and a first pipeline, wherein the Venturi tube includes an inlet end, a diffusion end, and a The inlet end is configured to receive injection water, the diffusion end is connected to the water injection port of the deep water pipeline, and the first chemical tank is connected to the throat through the first pipeline.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medicine replenishing device for a deep water pipeline, further comprising a second medicine replenishing element, a third medicine tank, and a second switch between the third medicine tank and the second medicine tank A ball valve, wherein the second medicament replenishing element is configured to replenish the second medicament into the third medicament tank underwater when the second switching ball valve is in a closed state, or the second medicament replenishing element is configured to When the second switch ball valve is in the open state, the second medicament is replenished underwater into the second medicament tank and the third medicament tank, and the first switch ball valve and the second switch ball valve are not at the same time. On state.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medicine replenishing device for a deep water pipeline, further comprising a second pipeline, wherein the third medicine tank is connected to the throat through the second pipeline.
  • the throat is provided with a first medicament injection port and a second medicament injection port, and the first pipeline is connected to the first medicament injection port.
  • the second pipeline is connected to the second medicament injection port.
  • a first needle valve is provided on the first pipeline, and the first needle valve is configured to control the flow of the first medicament.
  • a second needle valve is provided on the second pipeline, and the second needle valve is configured to control the flow of the second medicament.
  • a first flow meter is arranged on the first pipeline and between the first needle valve and the Venturi tube, and the The first flow meter is configured to monitor the flow of the first medicament; and a second flow meter is provided on the second pipeline between the second needle valve and the Venturi tube, the A second flow meter is configured to monitor the flow of the second medicament.
  • a first main ball valve is provided on the first pipeline and between the first needle valve and the first medicament tank,
  • the first main road ball valve is configured to allow the first medicament to be delivered from the first medicament tank to the venturi tube when opened; and on the second pipeline and between the second needle valve and the
  • a second main path ball valve is arranged between the third medicine tanks, and the second main way ball valve is configured to enable the second medicine to be delivered from the third medicine tank to the venturi tube when opened.
  • a first filter is provided on the first pipeline and between the first needle valve and the first main road ball valve, The first filter is configured to filter the first medicament; and a second filter is provided on the second pipeline between the second needle valve and the second main road ball valve, The second filter is configured to filter the second medicament.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medicine replenishing device for a deep water pipeline, further comprising a first ball valve, a second ball valve and a ball valve respectively connected to the first medicine tank, the second medicine tank and the third medicine tank
  • the third ball valve wherein the first ball valve, the second ball valve and the third ball valve are configured to inject the first medicine tank, the second medicine tank and the third medicine tank with the The first medicament, the first medicament, and the second medicament; or the first ball valve, the second ball valve, and the third ball valve are configured to supply to the first medicament tank, the second medicament tank The first medicine, the second medicine and the second medicine are injected into the third medicine tank respectively.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a medicine replenishing device for a deep water pipeline, further comprising a remotely operated vehicle, wherein the remotely operated vehicle is configured to control the replenishment of the first medicine and/or the second medicine, and control Opening and closing of at least one of the first switching ball valve, the second switching ball valve, the first needle valve, the second needle valve, the first main ball valve and the second main ball valve .
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for replenishing medicine in a deep water pipeline.
  • the method includes: closing the first switching ball valve, using a first medicine replenishing element to replenish the first medicine in the first medicine tank underwater; or opening the first medicine tank.
  • a switching ball valve using the first medicament replenishing element to replenish the first medicament to the first medicament tank and the second medicament tank under water.
  • the method provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: closing the second switching ball valve, using the second medicament replenishing element to replenish the second medicament into the third medicament tank underwater, or opening the second switching ball valve , using the second medicament replenishing element to replenish the second medicament into the second medicament tank and the third medicament tank underwater, and the first switching ball valve and the second switching ball valve are not opened simultaneously.
  • the first medicine tank is connected to the first medicine injection port of the Venturi tube through the first pipeline
  • the third medicine tank is connected to the Venturi tube through the second pipeline.
  • the second medicament injection port of the inner tube is connected, and the method further includes: controlling the opening degree of the first needle valve on the first pipeline to control the first medicament reaching the first medicament injection port.
  • the flow is controlled; the opening of the second needle valve on the second pipeline is controlled to control the flow of the second medicament reaching the second medicament injection port.
  • the method further includes: using the first flowmeter to monitor the flow of the first medicament; The flow of the second medicament is monitored by the second flow meter.
  • the method further includes: opening the first main road ball valve to allow the first medicine to flow from the The first medicament tank is delivered to the first medicament injection port; the second main road ball valve is opened to allow the second medicament to be delivered from the second medicament tank to the second medicament injection port.
  • the method further includes: using the first filter to filter the first medicament; using the The second filter filters the second medicament.
  • the method provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure further includes: using a remotely operated vehicle to control the replenishment of the first medicament and/or the second medicament, and controlling the first switching ball valve, the second switching Opening and closing of at least one of the ball valve, the first needle valve, the second needle valve, the first main road ball valve and the second main road ball valve.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a Venturi tube provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another deep-water pipeline drug replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a method for replenishing agents in deep water pipelines according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the operation mode of shallow water operation is to lower the water injection pipe from the offshore engineering platform or operation ship, cooperate with the deck pigging pump and injection pump to inject water and chemical agents into the pipeline, and at the same time control and adjust the flow of injected water and chemical agents.
  • the cleaning operation of deep water pipelines is more complicated than the cleaning operation of shallow water pipelines due to the limitation of working conditions, supporting equipment and operation methods, which makes the operation more difficult.
  • the treatment plan for conventional deep water operations is to set chemical agents on offshore engineering platforms
  • the injection system uses the umbilical cable to transport the chemical agent to the injection point of the deep-water pipeline, but this solution has the following problems: the preparation cost and installation cost of the umbilical cable increase rapidly with the increase of the tie-back distance of the deep-water pipeline.
  • the cost of umbilical cables will occupy a large part of the cost of the entire oil and gas field development.
  • the huge cost of umbilical cables has become the main factor limiting the development of deep sea oil and gas fields.
  • the above-mentioned high cost is due to the fact that the current chemical agent injection system is set on the offshore engineering platform and cannot realize the underwater storage and underwater injection of chemical agents, resulting in a large number of pipelines for the umbilical cables that transport chemical agents, occupying Most of the offshore engineering platform is occupied, which not only makes the storage space of the offshore engineering platform smaller, but also reduces the economics of the development of deep water oil and gas fields and marginal oil and gas fields.
  • preservatives, deoxidizers, bactericides, hydrate inhibitors, corrosion inhibitors, and scale inhibitors need to be added to deep-water pipelines in an appropriate proportion, and chemical reactions may occur when various agents are mixed first and then added, making Chemical agents lose their corresponding effects, so they cannot meet the requirements of preventing hydrate formation, preventing pipeline corrosion, and preventing pipeline wall scaling.
  • the amount of chemical agents is also limited. Therefore, in order to ensure continuous operation, it is necessary to replenish the insufficiently stored chemical agents in real time, and it is very difficult to realize real-time replenishment of chemical agents on the seabed.
  • the agent injection device is transferred from the seabed to shallow water or the ocean. Replenishment of the engineering platform requires shutdown and high transfer cost.
  • the inventors of the present disclosure noticed that the real-time replenishment of the agent on the seabed can be realized by setting up spare agent tanks and agent replenishment components, thereby saving the process cost. And it is almost not affected by the weather in the working area, and does not need water surface support, thereby improving work efficiency.
  • the medicine replenishing device for a deep-water pipeline includes: a first medicine tank, a second medicine tank, and a first medicine replenishing element, and a The first switching ball valve between the tanks, when the first switching ball valve is in the closed state, the first medicament replenishing element is configured to replenish the first medicament into the first medicament tank underwater; or, when the first switching ball valve is in the open state state, the first medicament replenishing element is configured to replenish the first medicament to the first medicament tank and the second medicament tank under water, so that the first medicament tank, or the first medicament in the first medicament tank and the second medicament tank be replenished in a timely manner.
  • the deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device is suitable for cleaning deep-water pipelines, and can meet the pigging operation of pipelines set up 3000m underwater, and can realize real-time replenishment of agents on the seabed, thereby saving process costs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a deep-water pipeline drug replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the deep-water pipeline drug replenisher 10 includes: a first drug tank 11, a second drug tank 12 and The first medicament replenishing element 13, and the first switch ball valve 14 arranged between the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12, when the first switch ball valve 14 is in the closed state, the first medicament replenishing element 13 is configured as The first medicament is replenished into the first medicament tank 11 underwater, so that the first medicament in the first medicament tank 11 is replenished in time.
  • the first switching ball valve 14 can be opened to apply the first medicament in the second medicament tank 12 to deep water pipeline, or, when applying the first medicament stored in the first medicament tank 11 to the deep water pipeline, the first switching ball valve 14 may also be opened so that the first medicament stored in the second medicament tank 12 is also applied to the deep water pipeline, If after the first medicament stored in the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 are all used up, the first medicament is still not enough, then the first switching ball valve 14 can be closed and supplied to the first medicament tank separately by the first medicament replenishing element 13. In 11, the first medicament was supplemented.
  • the first switching ball valve 14 can also be opened to pass the first medicine.
  • the replenishing element 13 replenishes the first medicament into the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 at the same time. That is, as shown in FIG. 1 , when the first switching ball valve 14 is in an open state, the first medicament replenishing element 13 is configured to replenish the first medicament to the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 simultaneously under water, so that the second medicament tank 11 The first medicament in the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 is replenished in time for subsequent use.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 further includes a venturi tube 15 and a first pipeline 16 .
  • the first pipeline 16 is a delivery pipeline for the first medicament.
  • the Venturi tube 15 includes an inlet end 151 and a diffuser end 152, and a throat 153 between the inlet end 151 and the diffuser end 152.
  • the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15 is provided with at least one medicament injection port.
  • the switching ball valve 14 is in an open state, the first medicine tank 11 and the second medicine tank 12 are connected to the Venturi tube 15 through the medicine injection port.
  • the inlet end 151 is configured to receive injection water
  • the diffuser end 152 is connected to the water injection port of the deep water pipeline, and the opening width of the inlet end 151 is smaller than the opening width of the diffuser end 152 .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a Venturi tube provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the Venturi tube 15 has a structure that is wide at both ends and thin at the middle. 1 and 2, the first medicine tank 11 is connected to the first medicine injection port 1531 at the throat 153 through the first pipeline 16, so that the first medicine enters from the first medicine injection port 1531 at the throat 153.
  • Venturi tube 15, then enter the deep water pipeline to be cleaned, or the first medicament can stay briefly with another medicament in the Venturi tube 15, and the first medicament and the other medicament are not separated in the Venturi tube 15. A chemical reaction occurs and then enters the deep water pipeline to be cleaned.
  • the seawater flow control valve on the deep-water pipeline to be cleaned and the first main road ball valve 26 on the first pipeline 16 are opened, and the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12
  • the first agent, or only the first agent in the first agent tank 11 is automatically injected into the venturi tube 15 along with the seawater, so as to prepare for the subsequent cleaning of the deep-water pipeline to be cleaned.
  • the other medicament can enter the venturi tube 15 from the second medicament injection port 1532 , as shown in FIG. 2 , the first medicament injection port 1531 and the second medicament injection port 1532 can be oppositely disposed at the throat 153 .
  • a first needle valve 22 is arranged on the first pipeline 16, and the first needle valve 22 is configured to control the flow of the first medicament, which can The flow of the first medicament can be finely regulated.
  • the first needle valve 22 is a kind of throttle valve, which belongs to a fine-tuning valve, and its adjustment accuracy is relatively high.
  • the valve in the first needle valve 22 is needle-shaped and adjusted along the direction of water flow to change the cross-sectional area of the flow, so as to cut off or adjust the flow of the passing fluid.
  • the valve port in the first needle valve 22 gradually becomes larger when it is opened, and the flow rate of the fluid passing through the first needle valve 22 can be continuously and finely adjusted from closed to open to the maximum, so that the flow rate of the fluid gradually increases.
  • the needle-shaped valve plug of the first needle valve 22 is generally formed with a long steel needle through quenching, and the valve seat is made of soft materials such as tin and copper.
  • the first main road ball valve 26 is arranged on the first pipeline 16 and between the first needle valve 22 and the first medicament tank 11 .
  • a main road ball valve 26 is configured to deliver the first medicament from the first medicament tank 11 to the Venturi tube 15 when it is opened, and prevent the first medicament from being delivered to the Venturi tube 15 from the first medicament tank 11 when it is closed, that is, the first main road ball valve
  • the first medicament can only be delivered from the first medicament tank 11 to the venturi tube 15 when 26 is opened, and the first medicament cannot be delivered from the first medicament tank 11 to the venturi tube 15 when the first main road ball valve 26 is closed.
  • the impurity enters the Venturi tube 15 together with the first medicament, it will make the first medicament impure and cause the amount of the first medicament to be insufficient, thereby affecting the cleaning effect of the deep water pipeline to be cleaned; on the other hand, when the impurity When the first medicament flows through the first needle valve 22 , it may block the first needle valve 22 and even the entire first pipeline 16 , thereby greatly reducing the overall use efficiency and service life of the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 . As shown in FIG.
  • a first filter 28 is arranged on the first pipeline 16 and between the first needle valve 22 and the first main road ball valve 26 .
  • the device 28 is configured to filter the first medicament to remove impurities mixed in the first medicament.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 also includes a remotely operated vehicle (not shown in FIG. The opening and closing of at least one of the first main road ball valves 26.
  • a first flowmeter 24 is arranged on the first pipeline 16 and between the first needle valve 22 and the Venturi tube 15.
  • the first flowmeter 24 is configured to monitor the flow of the first medicament, so that the flow of the first medicament can be known in real time through data feedback from the ROV.
  • the remotely operated vehicle can also realize the transportation and disassembly of the Venturi tube 15 , and the disassembly and assembly of the first medicine tank 11 and the second medicine tank 12 as required.
  • the remote-controlled submersible is a type of unmanned underwater vehicle, and its composition generally includes: power propulsion, remote-controlled electronic communication device, black-and-white or color camera, camera tilting platform, user peripheral sensor interface, real-time online display unit , navigation positioning device, automatic helmsman navigation unit, auxiliary lighting and Kevlar zero-buoyancy towline unit components.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 also includes a control terminal for remotely controlling the ROV.
  • the control terminal may be directly implemented by hardware, software modules executed by a processor, or a combination of hardware and software modules executed by a processor.
  • Software modules can reside in random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or In any other form of storage medium within the technical field.
  • RAM random access memory
  • ROM read-only memory
  • electrically programmable read-only memory electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
  • registers hard disk, removable disk, CD-ROM, or In any other form of storage medium within the technical field.
  • conventional designs may be referred to for the cooperative use of the remotely controlled submersible and the control terminal, which will not be repeated in the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • more second medicament tanks 12 can be provided for backup, so as to reduce the number of times the first medicament is replenished underwater through the first medicament replenishing element 13, which is not limited by embodiments of the present disclosure. .
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another deep-water pipeline drug replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the deep-water pipeline drug replenisher 10 also includes a second drug replenishment The element 17, the third medicament tank 18 and the second switching ball valve 19 arranged between the third medicament tank 18 and the second medicament tank 12, when the second switching ball valve 19 is in the closed state, the second medicament replenishing element 17 configures In order to replenish the second medicament in the third medicament tank 18 underwater, the second medicament in the third medicament tank 18 is replenished in time.
  • the second medicament when the second medicament is applied to the deep-water pipeline on the seabed, if the medicaments stored in the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 are all the second medicament, and the second medicament stored in the third medicament tank 18 is used up, Then the first switching ball valve 14 can be closed and the second switching ball valve 19 can be opened to apply the second medicament in the second medicament tank 12 to the deep water pipeline; or, the second medicament stored in the third medicament tank 18 is applied to the deep water pipeline.
  • the first switching ball valve 14 and open the second switching ball valve 19 so that the second medicament stored in the second medicament tank 12 is also applied to the deep water pipeline; if the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 After all the stored second medicaments are used up, if the second medicament is still not enough, then the second switching ball valve 19 can be closed to replenish the second medicament to the third medicament tank 18 through the second medicament replenishing element 17 .
  • the second switching ball valve 19 can also be opened and the first switching ball valve 19 can be closed.
  • the ball valve 14 supplies the second medicament to the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 simultaneously through the second medicament replenishing element 17 .
  • the second medicament supplement The element 17 is configured to replenish the second medicament to the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 under water, so that the second medicament in the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 is replenished in time to prepare for Subsequent use.
  • the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 can contain the same second medicament so that the first switching ball valve 14 is in a normally closed state, or the second medicament tank 12 and the first medicament tank 11 can contain the same first medicament, so that the second switching ball valve 19 is in a normally closed state.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 also includes a second pipeline 21, and the third medicament tank 18 is connected to the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15 through the second pipeline 21 through which the third medicament tank 18 passes through, so as to connect the third The second medicament in the medicament tank 18 is delivered to the throat 153 .
  • the structure of the Venturi tube 15 can be referred to in FIG. 2, and in combination with FIG. 2 and FIG. 1532.
  • the first medicament tank 11 is connected to the first medicament injection port 1531 at the throat 153 of the venturi tube 15 through the through first pipeline 16 .
  • first through pipe means that the first main ball valve 26 on the first pipe is open
  • second through pipe means that the second main ball valve 26 on the second pipe is open.
  • a second needle valve 23 is provided on the second pipeline 21 , and the second needle valve 23 is configured to finely regulate the flow of the second medicament.
  • the second needle valve 23 is a throttle valve and belongs to a fine-tuning valve, and its adjustment accuracy is relatively high.
  • the valve in the second needle valve 23 is needle-shaped, and can be adjusted along the water flow direction to change the cross-sectional area of the flow, so as to cut off or adjust the flow of the passing fluid.
  • the opening of the valve port of the second needle valve 23 becomes larger gradually, and the flow rate of the passing second medicament also gradually increases, and the flow rate of the passing fluid can be continuously and finely adjusted from closed to open to the maximum.
  • the needle-shaped valve plug of the second needle valve 23 is generally formed with a long steel needle through quenching, and the valve seat is made of soft materials such as tin and copper.
  • a second flow meter 25 is arranged on the second pipeline 21 and between the second needle valve 23 and the Venturi tube 15, and the second flow meter 25
  • the meter 25 is configured to monitor the flow of the second medicament, so that the flow of the second medicament can be known in real time through data feedback from the ROV.
  • a second main road ball valve 27 is also arranged, and the second main road ball valve 27 is configured to
  • the second medicament can be delivered to the Venturi tube 15 from the third medicament tank 18, and the second medicament is prevented from being delivered to the Venturi tube 15 from the third medicament tank 18 when it is closed, that is, when the second main road ball valve 27 is opened, the second medicament is from The third medicament tank 18 is delivered to the Venturi tube 15 , and the second main path ball valve 27 is closed so that the second medicament cannot be delivered from the third medicament tank 18 to the Venturi tube 15 .
  • the impurity As the second medicament flows through the second needle valve 23 , it may block the second needle valve 23 and even the entire second pipeline 21 , thereby greatly reducing the service efficiency and service life of the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 .
  • a second filter 29 is arranged on the second pipeline 21 and between the second needle valve 23 and the second main road ball valve 27 , the second Filter 29 is configured to filter the second medicament.
  • the relevant structures and functions of the first needle valve 22 , the first flow meter 24 , the first main road ball valve 26 and the first filter 28 can be referred to the above-mentioned related descriptions for FIG. 1 , and are not discussed here. Let me repeat.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 also includes a first ball valve 31, a second ball valve 32 and a third medicament tank 18 respectively connected to the first medicament tank 11, the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18.
  • Ball valve 33 The first ball valve 31, the second ball valve 32 and the third ball valve 33 are respectively configured to connect the first medicament tank 11, the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 before placing the deep water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 underwater. Enter the corresponding medicine.
  • the first ball valve 31, the second ball valve 32, and the third ball valve 33 are configured to inject the first medicament, the first medicament, and the second medicament into the first medicament tank 11, the second medicament tank 12, and the third medicament tank 18, respectively, or
  • the first ball valve, the second ball valve and the third ball valve are configured to inject the first medicine, the second medicine and the second medicine into the first medicine tank, the second medicine tank and the third medicine tank respectively.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 also includes a remotely operated vehicle (not shown in FIG. 3 ), which is configured to control the first medicament, or the second medicament, or the first medicament and the first medicament. Supplement of the second medicament, and control the opening of at least one of the first switching ball valve 14, the second switching ball valve 19, the first needle valve 22, the second needle valve 23, the first main road ball valve 26 and the second main road ball valve 27 and off.
  • a remotely operated vehicle not shown in FIG. 3
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 also includes a remotely operated vehicle (not shown in FIG. 3 ), which is configured to control the first medicament, or the second medicament, or the first medicament and the first medicament. Supplement of the second medicament, and control the opening of at least one of the first switching ball valve 14, the second switching ball valve 19, the first needle valve 22, the second needle valve 23, the first main road ball valve 26 and the second main road ball valve 27 and off.
  • the ROV can also transport and disassemble the Venturi tube 15 , and can also transport and disassemble the first medicament tank 11 , the second medicament tank 12 and the third medicament tank 18 as required.
  • the remotely controlled submersible is a type of unmanned underwater vehicle
  • its composition can refer to the above-mentioned related description based on Figure 1
  • the control terminal used to remotely control the remotely controlled submersible can also refer to the above-mentioned related description based on Figure 1, I won't repeat them here.
  • the injection of the first medicament and the second medicament takes a certain amount of time, and the ROV completes the transportation and installation of the venturi tube 15, and completes the control of the first switching ball valve 14, the second switching After the opening and closing operations of the ball valve 19, the first needle valve 22, the second needle valve 23, the first main road ball valve 26 and the second main road ball valve 27, other tasks can be performed.
  • Venturi tube 15 is disassembled and transported after completion, thereby improving the utilization rate of the remotely controlled unmanned submersible.
  • the first medicament and the second medicament are injected with different concentrations according to the flow change of the first medicament in the first pipeline 16 and the flow change of the second medicament in the second pipeline 21 through the Venturi principle.
  • the first chemical tank 11, the second chemical tank 12 and the third chemical tank 18 themselves have the ability of underwater pressure compensation, and the corresponding chemical agents in the first chemical tank 11, the second chemical tank 12 and the third chemical tank 18 can Constantly adjust the respective volumes according to the consumption, realize the balance of internal and external pressure of the first chemical tank 11, the second chemical tank 12 and the third chemical tank 18, and at the same time realize the application of the water depth not lower than 3000 meters.
  • the Venturi tube 15 works as follows: seawater enters the inlet end 151 of the Venturi tube 15 through the seawater injection pipeline, and seawater enters the venturi tube 15 through the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15. Diffuse end 152 . According to the structural characteristics of the Venturi tube 15, it has a negative pressure function. Due to the existence of the flow rate difference in the entire Venturi tube, a net water pressure can be generated at the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15, so that the first medicament injection port The first medicament at 1531 and the second medicament at the second medicament injection port 1532 are automatically sucked into the Venturi tube 15 under the clean water pressure, thereby realizing the injection of the first medicament and the second medicament.
  • the seawater injection pipeline is also provided with a flow monitor for monitoring the seawater flow, and adjusts the opening of the seawater flow control valve according to the difference between the seawater flow and the preset seawater flow.
  • the seawater injection pipeline is also provided with a seawater filter for filtering impurities in the seawater, and a seawater pressure gauge for monitoring the pressure of seawater in the seawater injection pipeline.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicine replenishing device 10 also includes an auxiliary system, and the auxiliary system includes at least an anti-sinking plate, anti-corrosion protection components, and external connection components.
  • the anti-settling plate can make the deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device adapt to different soil properties of the seabed, so as to control the contact pressure between the deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device and the seabed within 5kpa, and can completely guarantee the stability of the operation on the seabed with different soil properties.
  • the whole set of deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device 10 has at least two sets of anti-corrosion measures, one of which is to set the anode protection suitable for the deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device located on the seabed, and use sacrificial anodes to protect the deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device, so that the deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device
  • the service life is not less than 5 years, and the other is to spray on the surface of the deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device or spray oil and gas according to the anti-corrosion requirements to protect the deep-water pipeline chemical replenishment device.
  • the second medicament replenishment element 17 the third medicament tank 18, the third ball valve 33,
  • the second switching ball valve 19, the second medicament injection port 1532, and the second pipeline 21 composed of the second needle valve 23, the second flow meter 25, the second main road ball valve 27, and the second filter 29 are used as a repeating unit in sequence. setting, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of another deep-water pipeline drug replenishment device provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the deep-water pipeline drug replenishment device 10 also includes a third switching ball valve 34 and the fourth medicament tank 35, when the volume ratio used by the first medicament and the second medicament is 1:1, the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 can be filled with the first medicament, and the third medicament tank 18 and the fourth medicament tank 35 are filled with the second medicament, and make the third switching ball valve 34 in a long-term closed state, if the amount of the first medicament and the second medicament is not enough, it can pass through the first medicament replenishment element 13 and the second medicament.
  • the two medicament replenishing elements 17 respectively replenish the first medicament and the second medicament.
  • the volume ratio used by the first medicament and the second medicament is 3:1
  • the first medicament tank 11, the second medicament tank 12 and the fourth medicament tank 35 can all contain the first medicament
  • the third medicament tank 18 can contain the first medicament.
  • the second medicament, and make the second switching ball valve 19 in a long-term closed state if the amount of the first medicament and the second medicament are not enough, the first medicament replenishment element 13 and the second medicament replenishment element 17 can be used to supplement the first medicament respectively.
  • Drugs and Second Drugs are examples of the first medicament replenishment element 13 and the second medicament replenishment element 17 are not enough.
  • the second pipeline 21 constituted by 29 is arranged sequentially as a repeating unit, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the structure shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 .
  • Other types of medicaments can also be configured in other structures as required without departing from the purpose of real-time replenishment of medicaments under water in the present disclosure, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for replenishing medicine in a deep-water pipeline.
  • the method includes the following steps: closing the first switching ball valve, using the first medicine replenishing element to replenish the first medicine in the first medicine tank underwater, or opening
  • the first switching ball valve uses the first medicament replenishing element to replenish the first medicament to the first medicament tank and the second medicament tank under water, so that the first medicament can be replenished in time to save process cost.
  • the first switching ball valve 14 is opened, and the first medicament replenishing element 13 is used to supply the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament tank 12 underwater.
  • Replenish the first medicine in the second medicine tank 12 then use the remote control submersible to open the first main road ball valve 26 on the first pipeline 16, and adjust the opening degree of the first needle valve 22, and use the first flow meter 24 to detect the first medicine
  • the flow rate of the first medicament is delivered to the first medicament injection port 1531 at the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15 to enter the Venturi tube 15 .
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment method includes: And the second medicament in the second medicament tank 12 is also used up, or when the second medicament tank 12 holds the first medicament, close the second switching ball valve 19, and adopt the second medicament replenishing element 17 to send water to the third medicament underwater. Supplement the second medicament in the medicament tank 33, then use the remote controlled submersible to open the second main road ball valve 27 on the second pipeline 21, and adjust the opening degree of the second needle valve 23, and use the second flowmeter 25 to detect the flow rate of the second medicament. The flow rate is to deliver the second medicament to the second medicament injection port 1532 at the throat 153 of the Venturi tube 15 to enter the Venturi tube 15 .
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment method in combination with the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device shown in FIG. 3 , includes: And the second medicament in the second medicament tank 12 is also used up, the second switch ball valve 19 is opened, and the first switch ball valve 14 is kept in the closed state, and the second medicament replenishment element 17 is used to supply water to the second medicament tank 12 underwater. and the third medicament tank 18 to replenish the second medicament, then use the remote controlled submersible to open the second main road ball valve 27 on the second pipeline 21, and adjust the opening degree of the second needle valve 23, and use the second flow meter 25 to detect the second medicament.
  • the flow rate of the second medicament is to deliver the second medicament to the second medicament injection port 1532 at the throat 153 of the venturi tube 15 to enter the venturi tube 15 .
  • the inlet 1531 is connected, and the third medicament tank 18 is connected to the second medicament injection port 1532 of the Venturi tube 15 through the second pipeline 21.
  • the method also includes: controlling the opening of the first needle valve 22 on the first pipeline 16, To control the flow rate of the first medicament reaching the first medicament injection port 1531; to control the opening of the second needle valve 23 on the second pipeline 21 to control the flow rate of the second medicament reaching the second medicament injection port 1532 Take control.
  • the method also includes: using the first flow meter 24 to The flow of the first medicament is monitored, and the second flow meter 25 is used to monitor the flow of the second medicament.
  • the method also includes: opening the first main road ball valve 26 so that the first medicament is delivered from the first medicament tank 11 to the first medicament injection port 1531 ; the second main road ball valve 27 is opened so that the second medicament is delivered from the second medicament tank 12 to the second medicament injection port 1532 .
  • the first medicament is delivered to the Venturi tube 15 in the first pipeline 16, and the second medicament is delivered to the Venturi tube 15 in the second pipeline 21, inevitably, A small amount of impurities will remain on the side walls of the first pipe 16 and the second pipe 21 .
  • the impurity enters the Venturi tube 15 together with the first medicament or the second medicament, it will make the first medicament or the second medicament impure and cause the amount of the first medicament or the second medicament to be insufficient, thus affecting the cleaning process.
  • the cleaning effect of the deep water pipeline on the other hand, when impurities flow through the first needle valve 22 with the first medicament, or flow through the second needle valve 23 with the second medicament, it may affect the first needle valve 22 and even the entire second needle valve.
  • a pipeline 16 may block the second needle valve 23 or even the entire second pipeline 21 , thereby greatly reducing the service efficiency and service life of the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device 10 .
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment method provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, on the first pipeline 11 and between the first needle valve 22 and the first main road ball valve 26 There is a first filter 28, a second filter 29 is provided on the second pipe 21 and between the second needle valve 23 and the second main road ball valve 27, and the method also includes: using the first filter 28 for the first The medicament is filtered, and the second filter 29 is used to filter the second medicament, so as to reduce the risk of impurities causing blockage to the first pipeline 16 and the second pipeline 21 .
  • the method for supplementing medicines in deep water pipelines further includes: using a remotely operated vehicle to control the replenishment of the first medicine and/or the second medicine, and controlling the first switching ball valve, the second switching ball valve, the first needle At least one of the valve, the second needle valve, the first main path ball valve and the second main path ball valve is opened and closed to realize the operation of replenishing the first chemical agent and/or the second chemical agent on the seabed.
  • the method for replenishing the agent of the deep-water pipeline agent replenishing device shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 can refer to the related description of the method for replenishing the drug of the deep-water pipeline agent replenishing device shown in Fig. 3 above, and will not be repeated here.
  • Fig. 5 is a flow chart of a deep-water pipeline medicine replenishment method provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Specifically, referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. medicament, and the third medicament tank 18 holds the second medicament, and when the preset flow rate ratio of the first medicament and the second medicament is 3:1, the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment method includes the following steps:
  • the remotely operated vehicle receives a delivery command, and lowers the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 to the water injection port of the submarine pipeline.
  • the remote-controlled submersible receives the installation instruction, and connects the seawater injection pipeline to the Venturi tube 15 .
  • the remotely controlled submersible receives the opening instruction, and opens the seawater flow control valve on the seawater injection pipeline and the medicine valve at the medicine tank 20 .
  • the first medicament in the first medicament tank 11 and the second medicament in the third medicament tank 18 are automatically injected into the Venturi tube 15, and the remotely operated vehicle receives the opening instruction, and opens the first main circuit ball valve 26 and the second main circuit ball valve 27, and adjust the first needle valve 22 and the second needle valve 23 to control the flow of seawater, the flow of the first medicament and the flow of the second medicament so that the first medicament, the second medicament and the seawater reach a preset ratio.
  • the remotely operated vehicle receives an opening command and opens the first switching ball valve 14, so that the first medicament in the second medicament tank 12 is automatically injected into the Venturi tube 15.
  • the seawater flow rate, the flow rate of the first medicament and the flow rate of the second medicament are used to make the first medicament, the second medicament and the seawater reach a preset ratio.
  • the first medicament in the second medicament tank 12 is used up, the remotely controlled submersible receives the closing command, closes the first switching ball valve 14, and the remotely controlled submersible receives the opening command, opens the first medicament replenishing element 13, and supplies the first medicament tank 11
  • the first medicament is supplemented in the middle, so that the first medicament in the second medicament tank 12 is automatically injected into the Venturi tube 15, and the first medicament, the second medicament and seawater to reach a preset ratio.
  • the remotely controlled submersible receives a closing command, and closes the seawater flow control valve, the first main ball valve 26 and the second main ball valve 27 .
  • the remotely controlled submersible receives the disassembly instruction, and completes the disassembly of the Venturi tube 15 and the seawater injection pipeline.
  • the remote-controlled submersible receives the return command, and transports the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishment device 10 to the sea surface recovery place.
  • the deep-water pipeline agent replenishment device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is suitable for cleaning deep-water pipelines, and can realize pigging operations for pipelines installed at 3000m underwater, and can also realize real-time replenishment of agents on the seabed , thus saving the process cost.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure can finely regulate the flow of the first medicament and the second medicament.
  • the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the natural pressure of the Venturi tube to inject the first medicament and the second medicament, thereby eliminating the need to use external equipment (such as chemical agent injection pumps) to apply The external force injects the first medicament and the second medicament into the Venturi tube, thereby further simplifying the structure of the deep-water pipeline medicament replenishing device, thereby greatly saving the cost of injecting the first medicament and the second medicament.

Abstract

一种深水管道药剂补充装置以及方法，该深水管道药剂补充装置(10)包括：第一药剂罐(11)、第二药剂罐(12)和第一药剂补充元件(13)，以及设置在第一药剂罐(11)和第二药剂罐(12)之间的第一切换球阀(14)，第一药剂补充元件(13)配置为当第一切换球阀(14)处于关闭状态时在水下向第一药剂罐(11)补充第一药剂，或者第一药剂补充元件(13)配置为当第一切换球阀(14)处于开启状态时，在水下向第一药剂罐(11)和第二药剂罐(12)补充第一药剂。该深水管道药剂补充装置应用于水下3000m管道的清管作业设备，可以实现在海底对药剂的实时补充。

Description

深水管道药剂补充装置和方法
本申请要求于2021年9月23日递交的中国专利申请第202111114812.5号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本公开的实施例涉及一种深水管道药剂补充装置和方法。
背景技术
随着深水油气田的不断开发和天然气输送管道的建设，海底管道的数量在不断增加，同时安装在海底的管道在海底的深度也在不断增加。部分深水海底管道项目中管道在海底的深度已经超过了3000米，这给制备管道和施工过程带来了新的挑战。
在油气管道投产之前，均需要对位于海底的管道的内部进行预调试工作。与浅水海底管道的预调试方式不同，深水海管道承受的外压很大，这不仅对管道的制备材料和相邻管道的连接工艺产生影响，也对预调试工艺提出了相应的要求。通常，在海底管道预调试时通过采用在海底管道增加化学药剂的方法，实现海底管道的清洁和海底管道防腐蚀处理，同时可以减少天然气水合物的形成，以提高海底管道中液相的流动效率。
发明内容
本公开至少一实施例提供一种深水管道药剂补充装置和方法，该深水管道药剂补充装置可以实现在清洗深水管道时，根据药剂的用量和种类在海底补充清洗药剂，从而降低了操作难度和成本。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种深水管道药剂补充装置，该深水管道药剂补充装置包括：第一药剂罐、第二药剂罐和第一药剂补充元件，以及设置在所述第一药剂罐和所述第二药剂罐之间的第一切换球阀，其中，所述第一药剂补充元件配置为当所述第一切换球阀处于关闭状态时在水下向所述第一药剂罐内补充第一药剂，或者所述第一药剂补充元件配置为当所述第一切换球阀处于开启状态时，在水下向所述第一药剂罐和所述第二药剂 罐补充第一药剂。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括文丘里管和第一管道，其中，所述文丘里管包括入口端、扩散端和位于所述入口端和所述扩散端之间的喉道，所述入口端配置为接收注入水，所述扩散端和深水管道的注水口连接，所述第一药剂罐通过所述第一管道和所述喉道连接。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括第二药剂补充元件、第三药剂罐和设置在所述第三药剂罐和所述第二药剂罐之间的第二切换球阀，其中，所述第二药剂补充元件配置为所述第二切换球阀处于关闭状态时在水下向所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，或者，所述第二药剂补充元件配置为所述第二切换球阀处于开启状态时在水下向所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，且所述第一切换球阀和所述第二切换球阀不同时处于开启状态。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括第二管道，其中，所述第三药剂罐通过所述第二管道和所述喉道连接。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置中，所述喉道上设置有第一药剂注入口和第二药剂注入口，所述第一管道连接至所述第一药剂注入口，所述第二管道连接至所述第二药剂注入口。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置中，在所述第一管道上设置有第一针阀，所述第一针阀配置为对所述第一药剂的流量进行控制；以及在所述第二管道上设置有第二针阀，所述第二针阀配置为对所述第二药剂的流量进行控制。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述文丘里管之间设置有第一流量计，所述第一流量计配置为对所述第一药剂的流量进行监测；以及在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述文丘里管之间设置有第二流量计，所述第二流量计配置为对所述第二药剂的流量进行监测。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂罐之间设置有第一主路球阀，所述第一主路球阀配置为开启时使得所述第一药剂从所述第一药剂罐 输送至所述文丘里管；以及在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第三药剂罐之间设置有第二主路球阀，所述第二主路球阀配置为开启时使得所述第二药剂从所述第三药剂罐输送至所述文丘里管。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一主路球阀之间设置有第一过滤器，所述第一过滤器配置为对所述第一药剂进行过滤；以及在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第二主路球阀之间设置有第二过滤器，所述第二过滤器配置为对所述第二药剂进行过滤。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括与所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别连接的第一球阀、第二球阀和第三球阀，其中，所述第一球阀、所述第二球阀和所述第三球阀配置为向所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别注入所述第一药剂、所述第一药剂和所述第二药剂；或者所述第一球阀、所述第二球阀和所述第三球阀配置为向所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别注入所述第一药剂、所述第二药剂和所述第二药剂。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括遥控潜水器，其中，所述遥控潜水器配置为控制所述第一药剂和/或所述第二药剂的补充、以及控制所述第一切换球阀、所述第二切换球阀、所述第一针阀、所述第二针阀、所述第一主路球阀和所述第二主路球阀至少之一的开启和关闭。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种深水管道药剂补充方法，该方法包括：关闭第一切换球阀，采用第一药剂补充元件在水下向第一药剂罐内补充第一药剂；或者开启所述第一切换球阀，采用所述第一药剂补充元件在水下向所述第一药剂罐和第二药剂罐补充所述第一药剂。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的方法，还包括：关闭第二切换球阀，采用第二药剂补充元件在水下向第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，或者，开启所述第二切换球阀，采用所述第二药剂补充元件在水下向所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，且所述第一切换球阀和所述第二切换球阀不同时开启。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的方法中，所述第一药剂罐通过第 一管道和文丘里管的第一药剂注入口连接，所述第三药剂罐通过第二管道和所述文丘里管的第二药剂注入口连接，所述方法还包括：控制在所述第一管道上的第一针阀的开度，以对到达所述第一药剂注入口的所述第一药剂的流量进行控制；控制在所述第二管道上的第二针阀的开度，以对到达所述第二药剂注入口的所述第二药剂的流量进行控制。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的方法中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂注入口之间具有第一流量计，在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第二药剂注入口之间具有第二流量计，所述方法还包括：采用所述第一流量计对所述第一药剂的流量进行监测；采用所述第二流量计对所述第二药剂的流量进行监测。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的方法中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂罐之间具有第一主路球阀，在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第三药剂罐之间具有第二主路球阀，所述方法还包括：开启所述第一主路球阀以使得所述第一药剂从所述第一药剂罐输送至所述第一药剂注入口；开启所述第二主路球阀以使得所述第二药剂从所述第二药剂罐输送至所述第二药剂注入口。
例如，在本公开至少一实施例提供的方法中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一主路球阀之间具有第一过滤器，在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第二主路球阀之间具有第二过滤器，所述方法还包括：采用所述第一过滤器对所述第一药剂进行过滤；采用所述第二过滤器对所述第二药剂进行过滤。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的方法，还包括：采用遥控潜水器控制所述第一药剂和/或所述第二药剂的补充、以及控制所述第一切换球阀、所述第二切换球阀、所述第一针阀、所述第二针阀、所述第一主路球阀和所述第二主路球阀至少之一的开启和关闭。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅涉及本公开的一些实施例，而非对本公开的限制。
图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图；
图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种文丘里管的平面结构示意图；
图3为本公开一实施例提供的再一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图；
图4为本公开一实施例提供的又一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图；以及
图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种深水管道药剂补充方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
除非另外定义，本公开使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本公开所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本公开中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而只是用来区分不同的组成部分。“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同，而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接，而是可以包括电性的连接，不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“顶”、“底”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。
在深水油气田的开发中，在新建海底管道预调试过程中进行注水作业时，为了避免深水管道中水合物的生成、管道被腐蚀和管道壁结垢等问题的出现，且保证后续施工过程中管道的完整性，需要按照一定的比例向深水管道中注入防腐剂、脱氧剂、杀菌剂、水合物抑制剂、缓蚀剂和阻垢剂等化学药剂，但是注入的化学药剂的量并不是越多越好，注入过量的化学药剂会增加药剂的成本和后续的环保压力，注入的化学药剂的量过低则无法满足上述防止水合物生成、防止管道被腐蚀和防止管道壁结垢等要求。
目前，浅水作业的操作方式为从海洋工程平台或者作业船下放注水管，配合甲板清管泵和注入泵向管道注入水和化学药剂，同时控制和调节注入水和化学药剂的流量。对深水管道的清洗作业受到工况、配套设备和作业方式的限制比浅水管道的清洗作业更为复杂，从而使得作业难度更大，常规的深水作业的处理方案为在海洋工程平台上设置化学药剂注入系统，通过脐带缆将化学药剂输送到深水管道的注入点，但是该方案存在以下问题：脐带缆的制备成本和安装成本随着深水管道回接距离的增加而迅速增加，当回接距离过长时，脐带缆的成本会占据整个油气田开发的成本中很大的一部分。对于深海油气田来说，脐带缆的巨大成本成为限制深海油气田开发的主要因素。综上，上述高成本是由于目前的化学药剂注入系统设置在海洋工程平台上而不能实现化学药剂水下存储与水下注入造成的，从而致使输送化学药剂的脐带缆的管线数量很大，占据了海洋工程平台的大部分区域，这样不仅使得海洋工程平台的存放空间变小，还降低了深水油气田和边际油气田开发的经济性。
例如，防腐剂、脱氧剂、杀菌剂、水合物抑制剂、缓蚀剂和阻垢剂等需要按照合适的比例添加至深水管道，而且多种药剂先混合再添加时可能会发生化学反应，使得化学药剂失去相应的作用，从而不能满足防止水合物生成、防止管道腐蚀和防止管道壁结垢等要求，因此，不同的化学药剂添加的顺序也需要被限制，而通常的药剂注入装置能够储存的化学药剂的量也是有限的，因此为了保证连续作业需要对储存不足的化学药剂进行实时地补充，而在海底实现对化学药剂的实时补充十分困难，将药剂注入装置从海底转移到浅水区或者海洋工程平台再进行药剂补充需要停工且转移耗费的成本也较高，本公开的发明人注意到，可以通过设置备用药剂罐和药剂补充元件实现在海底对药剂的实时补充，从而节省了工艺成本，且几乎不受作业区域天气的影响，也无需水面支持，从而提高了工作效率。
本公开至少一实施例提供一种深水管道药剂补充装置，该深水管道药剂补充装置包括：第一药剂罐、第二药剂罐和第一药剂补充元件，以及设置在第一药剂罐和第二药剂罐之间的第一切换球阀，当第一切换球阀处于关闭状态时，该第一药剂补充元件配置为在水下向第一药剂罐内补充第一药剂；或者，当第一切换球阀处于开启状态时，第一药剂补充元件配置为在水下向第一药剂罐和第二药剂罐补充第一药剂，从而使得第一药剂罐，或者第一药剂 罐和第二药剂罐中的第一药剂得到及时地补充。该深水管道药剂补充装置适用于对深水管道进行清洗，可以满足水下3000m设置的管道的清管作业，可以实现在海底对药剂的实时补充，从而节省了工艺成本。
例如，图1为本公开一实施例提供的一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图，如图1所示，该深水管道药剂补充装置10包括：第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第一药剂补充元件13，以及设置在第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12之间的第一切换球阀14，当第一切换球阀14处于关闭状态时，该第一药剂补充元件13配置为在水下向第一药剂罐11内补充第一药剂，从而使得第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂得到及时地补充。
例如，当在海底对深水管道施加第一药剂时，如果第一药剂罐11中储存的第一药剂使用完毕，则可以开启第一切换球阀14将第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂施加至深水管道，或者，在将第一药剂罐11中储存的第一药剂施加至深水管道时，也可以开启第一切换球阀14使得第二药剂罐12中储存的第一药剂也施加至深水管道，如果第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中储存的第一药剂都使用完毕后，第一药剂仍然不够，则可以关闭第一切换球阀14通过第一药剂补充元件13单独向第一药剂罐11中补充第一药剂。
例如，在另一个示例中，如果第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中储存的第一药剂都使用完毕后，第一药剂仍然不够，也可以开启第一切换球阀14，通过第一药剂补充元件13同时向第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中补充第一药剂。即如图1所示，当第一切换球阀14处于开启状态时，第一药剂补充元件13配置为在水下向第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12同时补充第一药剂，从而使得第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂得到及时地补充，以备后续利用。
例如，如图1所示，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括文丘里管15和第一管道16。该第一管道16为第一药剂的输送管道。该文丘里管15包括入口端151和扩散端152，以及位于该入口端151和扩散端152之间的喉道153，文丘里管15的喉道153处设置有至少一个药剂注入口，当第一切换球阀14处于开启状态时，第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12通过该药剂注入口连接至文丘里管15。该入口端151配置为接收注入水，该扩散端152和深水管道的注水口连接，该入口端151的开口宽度小于该扩散端152的开口宽度。
例如，图2为本公开一实施例提供的一种文丘里管的平面结构示意图， 如图2所示，该文丘里管15呈两端宽、中间细的结构。结合图1和图2，该第一药剂罐11通过第一管道16和喉道153处的第一药剂注入口1531连接，以使得第一药剂从喉道153处的第一药剂注入口1531进入文丘里管15，然后进入待清洗的深水管道，或者第一药剂可以在文丘里管15中和另一种药剂短暂的停留，该第一药剂和该另一种药剂在文丘里管15中不发生化学反应，然后进入待清洗的深水管道。例如，该深水管道药剂补充装置10安装完成后打开待清洗的深水管道上的海水流量控制阀门和第一管道16上的第一主路球阀26，第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂，或者仅第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂随海水自动注入文丘里管15中，以为后续的对待清洗的深水管道进行清洗做准备。例如，该另一种药剂可以从第二药剂注入口1532进入文丘里管15，如图2所示，该第一药剂注入口1531和第二药剂注入口1532在喉道153处可以相对设置。
例如，如图1所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，在第一管道16上设置有第一针阀22，第一针阀22配置为对第一药剂的流量进行控制，其可以实现对第一药剂的流量进行精细地调控。例如，该第一针阀22是节流阀中的一种，属于微调阀，其调节精度比较高。第一针阀22中的活门呈针状，沿水流方向调整以改变过流断面积，用以截断或者调节所通过的流体的流量。第一针阀22中的阀口开启时逐渐变大，从关闭到开启至最大能连续细微地调节经过该第一针阀22的流体的流量，从而使得流体的流量逐渐变大。第一针阀22的针形阀塞一般用经过淬火的钢制长针形成，阀座用锡、铜等软质材料制成。
例如，如图1所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，该第一主路球阀26设置在第一管道16上且在第一针阀22和第一药剂罐11之间，该第一主路球阀26配置为开启时第一药剂从第一药剂罐11输送至文丘里管15，关闭时阻止第一药剂从第一药剂罐11输送至文丘里管15，即第一主路球阀26开启时第一药剂才能从第一药剂罐11输送至文丘里管15，第一主路球阀26关闭时第一药剂不能从第一药剂罐11输送至文丘里管15。
例如，第一药剂在第一管道16中被输送至文丘里管15中的过程中，不可避免地，第一管道16的侧壁上会残留有少量的杂质。一方面，如果该杂质随着第一药剂一起进入文丘里管15，会使得第一药剂不纯导致第一药剂的量不够，从而影响对待清洗的深水管道的清洗作用；另一方面，当杂质随着 第一药剂流经第一针阀22时，可能对第一针阀22乃至整个第一管道16造成堵塞，从而使得该深水管道药剂补充装置10整体的使用效率和使用寿命大大地降低。如图1所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，在第一管道16上且在第一针阀22和第一主路球阀26之间设置有第一过滤器28，该第一过滤器28配置为对第一药剂进行过滤，以清除混合在第一药剂中的杂质。
例如，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括遥控潜水器(图1中未示出)，该遥控潜水器配置为控制第一药剂的补充，以及控制第一切换球阀14、第一针阀22和第一主路球阀26至少之一的开启和关闭。
例如，如图1所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，在第一管道16上且在第一针阀22和文丘里管15之间设置有第一流量计24，第一流量计24配置为对第一药剂的流量进行监测，从而通过遥控潜水器的数据反馈可以实时地了解第一药剂的流量。
例如，该遥控潜水器还可以实现运输及拆装文丘里管15，根据需要还可以拆装第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12。
例如，该遥控潜水器属于无人水下航行器的一种，其组成一般包括：动力推进器、遥控电子通讯装置、黑白或彩色摄像头、摄像俯仰云台、用户外围传感器接口、实时在线显示单元、导航定位装置、自动舵手导航单元、辅助照明灯和凯夫拉零浮力拖缆单元部件。
例如，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括用于远程控制遥控潜水器的控制终端。例如，该控制终端可以直接用硬件、处理器执行的软件模块，或者硬件与处理器执行的软件模块的结合来实施。软件模块可以置于随机存储器(RAM)、内存、只读存储器(ROM)、电可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、可移动磁盘、CD-ROM、或者本技术领域内任意其它形式的存储介质中。例如，遥控潜水器和控制终端的相互配合使用可参考常规的设计，本公开的实施例对此不再赘述。
例如，根据第一药剂需要使用的量，可以设置更多个第二药剂罐12以备用，以减少在水下通过第一药剂补充元件13补充第一药剂的次数，本公开的实施例不作限制。
例如，图3为本公开一实施例提供的再一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图，如图3所示，在图1的基础上，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括第二药剂补充元件17、第三药剂罐18和设置在第三药剂罐18和第二药 剂罐12之间的第二切换球阀19，当第二切换球阀19处于关闭状态时，该第二药剂补充元件17配置为在水下向第三药剂罐18内补充第二药剂，从而使得第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂得到及时地补充。
例如，当在海底对深水管道施加第二药剂时，如果第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18存储的药剂均为第二药剂，且第三药剂罐18中储存的第二药剂使用完毕，则可以关闭第一切换球阀14并打开第二切换球阀19，将第二药剂罐12中的第二药剂施加至深水管道；或者，在将第三药剂罐18中储存的第二药剂施加至深水管道时，也可以关闭第一切换球阀14并打开第二切换球阀19，使得第二药剂罐12中储存的第二药剂也施加至深水管道；如果第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中储存的第二药剂均使用完毕后，第二药剂仍然不够，则可以关闭第二切换球阀19通过第二药剂补充元件17单独向第三药剂罐18中补充第二药剂。
例如，在另一个示例中，如果第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中储存的第二药剂均使用完毕后，第二药剂仍然不够，也可以开启第二切换球阀19并关闭第一切换球阀14，通过第二药剂补充元件17同时向第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中补充第二药剂。即如图3所示，当第二切换球阀19处于开启状态且第一切换球阀14处于关闭状态时，即第一切换球阀14和第二切换球阀19不同时处于开启的状态，第二药剂补充元件17配置为在水下向第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18同时补充第二药剂，从而使得第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂得到及时地补充，以备后续利用。
需要说明的是，根据需要，第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18可以盛装相同的第二药剂，从而第一切换球阀14处于常闭状态，或者，第二药剂罐12和第一药剂罐11可以盛装相同的第一药剂，从而第二切换球阀19处于常闭状态。
例如，如图3所示，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括第二管道21，该第三药剂罐18通过贯通的第二管道21和文丘里管15的喉道153连接，以将第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂输送至喉道153。该文丘里管15的结构可以参见图2，且结合图2和图3，该第三药剂罐18通过贯通的第二管道21连接至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第二药剂注入口1532。该第一药剂罐11通过贯通的第一管道16连接至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第一药剂注入口1531。
需要说明的是，“贯通的第一管道”是指第一管道上的第一主路球阀26是开启的，“贯通的第二管道”是指第二管道上的第二主路球阀是开启的，以使得第一管道和第二管道是畅通的，对应地可以供第一药剂顺利地流通至文丘里管15，供第二药剂顺利地流通至文丘里管15。
例如，如图3所示，在第二管道21上设置有第二针阀23，该第二针阀23配置为对第二药剂的流量进行精细地调控。该第二针阀23是节流阀且属于微调阀，其调节精度比较高。第二针阀23中的活门呈针状，沿水流方向调整以改变过流断面积，用以截断或者调节所通过的流体的流量。该第二针阀23的阀口开启逐渐变大，所通过的第二药剂的流量也逐渐变大，且可以从关闭到开启至最大能连续细微地调节所通过的流体的流量。该第二针阀23的针形阀塞一般用经过淬火的钢制长针形成，阀座用锡、铜等软质材料制成。
例如，如图3所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，在第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和文丘里管15之间设置有第二流量计25，该第二流量计25配置为对第二药剂的流量进行监测，从而通过遥控潜水器的数据反馈可以实时地了解第二药剂的流量。
例如，如图3所示，在第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和第三药剂罐18之间还设置有第二主路球阀27，该第二主路球阀27配置为开启时第二药剂才能从第三药剂罐18输送至文丘里管15，关闭时阻止第二药剂从第三药剂罐18输送至文丘里管15，即第二主路球阀27开启时使得第二药剂从第三药剂罐18输送至文丘里管15，第二主路球阀27关闭时使得第二药剂不能从第三药剂罐18输送至文丘里管15。
例如，第二药剂在第二管道21上被输送至文丘里管15中的过程中，不可避免地，第二管道21的侧壁上会存留有少量的杂质。一方面，如果该杂质随着第二药剂一起进入文丘里管15，会使得第二药剂不纯导致第二药剂的量不够，从而影响对待清洗的深水管道的清洗作用；另一方面，当杂质随着第二药剂流经第二针阀23时，可能对第二针阀23乃至整个第二管道21造成堵塞，从而使得该深水管道药剂补充装置10的使用效率和使用寿命大大地降低。如图3所示，在该深水管道药剂补充装置10中，在该第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和第二主路球阀27之间设置有第二过滤器29，该第二过滤器29配置为对第二药剂进行过滤。
例如，在图3中，该第一针阀22、第一流量计24、第一主路球阀26和 第一过滤器28的相关结构和作用可以参见上述对于图1的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，如图3所示，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括与第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18分别连接的第一球阀31、第二球阀32和第三球阀33。该第一球阀31、第二球阀32和第三球阀33分别配置为在将该深水管道药剂补充装置10放置在水下前在第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中输入对应的药剂。即第一球阀31、第二球阀32和第三球阀33配置为向第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18分别注入第一药剂、第一药剂和第二药剂，或者第一球阀、第二球阀和第三球阀配置为向第一药剂罐、第二药剂罐和第三药剂罐分别注入第一药剂、第二药剂和第二药剂。在该深水管道药剂补充装置10完成对深水管道的清洗任务后，如果第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18中还剩余有对应的药剂，则可以通过第一球阀31、第二球阀32和第三球阀33将剩余的药剂排出。
例如，如图3所示，该深水管道药剂补充装置10也包括遥控潜水器(图3中未示出)，该遥控潜水器配置为控制第一药剂、或者第二药剂、或者第一药剂和第二药剂的补充，以及控制第一切换球阀14、第二切换球阀19、第一针阀22、第二针阀23、第一主路球阀26和第二主路球阀27至少之一的开启和关闭。
例如，该遥控潜水器还可以实现运输及拆装文丘里管15，根据需要还可以实现运输及拆装第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18。
例如，该遥控潜水器属于无人水下航行器的一种，其组成可以参见上述基于图1的相关描述，用于远程控制遥控潜水器的控制终端也可以参见上述基于图1的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，在本公开的实施例中，第一药剂和第二药剂的注入需要一定的时间，遥控潜水器在完成文丘里管15的运输和安装，以及完成控制第一切换球阀14、第二切换球阀19、第一针阀22、第二针阀23、第一主路球阀26和第二主路球阀27的开启和关闭的操作后，可以执行其他任务，待第一药剂和第二药剂注入完成后再进行文丘里管15拆卸和运输，从而提高遥控无人潜水器的利用率。
例如，第一药剂包括防腐剂、脱氧剂、杀菌剂、水合物抑制剂、缓蚀剂和阻垢剂中的一种或者可以混合的上述药剂中多种的组合，第二药剂包括防 腐剂、脱氧剂、杀菌剂、水合物抑制剂、缓蚀剂和阻垢剂中除了第一药剂中的另外一个中或者另外的可以混合的药剂中的多种，第一药剂和第二药剂中各种成分的配比可以根据海底管道的防腐需求进行配置。第一药剂罐11和第三药剂罐18分别与文丘里管15的第一药剂注入口1531和第二药剂注入口1532连接。
例如，第一药剂和第二药剂通过文丘里原理，根据第一管道16中第一药剂的流量变化和第二管道21中第二药剂的流量变化实现不同浓度的配比注入。第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18自身具备水下压力补偿的能力，可以根据第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18内对应的化学药剂的消耗不断调整各自的体积，实现第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18各自内外压力平衡，同时实现不低于3000米水深的应用。此外，第一药剂罐11和第三药剂罐18可单独实现注入、排放和控制，且第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18均单独配置水下热插拔接口，可实现在水下对第一药剂罐11、第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18实时地补给填充对应的第一药剂或者第二药剂。
例如，文丘里管的工作原理为：当流体在文丘里管里面流动，在管道的最窄处，动态压力达到最大值，静态压力达到最小值，流体流动的速度因为通流横截面的面积减小而上升。整个涌流都要在同一时间内经历管道缩小过程，因而压力也在同一时间减小，进而产生压力差，该压力差用于测量或者给流体提供一个外在吸力。
例如，在公开的实施例中，该文丘里管15的工作方式为：海水通过海水注入管道进入文丘里管15的入口端151，海水经过文丘里管15的喉道153进入文丘里管15的扩散端152。根据文丘里管15的结构特点而具有负压功能，由于在整个文丘里管中流速差的存在使得可以在文丘里管15的喉道153产生一个净水压力，从而使得在第一药剂注入口1531处的第一药剂和在第二药剂注入口1532处的第二药剂在净水压力下被自动吸入文丘里管15中，进而实现第一药剂和第二药剂的注入。也即，本公开的实施例利用文丘里管15的自然压力实现第一药剂和第二药剂的注入，从而不再需要采用外部设备(例如化学药剂注入泵)施加外力，将第一药剂和第二药剂注入文丘里管15，从而进一步简化了深水管道药剂补充装置10的结构，进而大大地节省了第一药剂和第二药剂注入的成本。而且，还可以很方便地通过调整海水的流量， 或者第一药剂和/或第二药剂的流量，或者第一药剂和/或第二药剂的流量和海水的流量来控制第一药剂、第二药剂和海水达到预设的流量比例。
例如，海水注入管道上设置有用于检测海水流量的海水流量计，还设置有用于控制海水流量的海水流量控制阀门，通过海水流量控制阀门调节海水的流量，以调整文丘里管15中的压力。
例如，海水注入管道上还设置有用于监测海水流量的流量监测器，根据海水流量与预设海水流量的差值调整海水流量控制阀门的开度。
例如，在一些示例中，海水注入管道上还设置有用于过滤海水中杂质的海水过滤器，以及用于监测海水注入管道内海水压力的海水压力表。
例如，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括辅助系统，该辅助系统至少包括防沉板、防腐保护部件、外部连接部件。该防沉板可以使得深水管道药剂补充装置适应于海底不同的土质，以将深水管道药剂补充装置和海底的接触压力控制在5kpa以内，对不同土质的海底能够完全保障作业的稳定性。整套深水管道药剂补充装置10至少具有两套防腐措施，其中一个是设置适用于位于海底的深水管道药剂补充装置的阳极保护，利用牺牲阳极的方式保护深水管道药剂补充装置，使得深水管道药剂补充装置的使用寿命不低于5年，另一个是在深水管道药剂补充装置的表层喷涂或者根据防腐要求设计喷涂油气以对深水管道药剂补充装置进行保护。
需要说明的是，如果还需要注入除了第一药剂和第二药剂之外的更多种的药剂，可以以图3中的第二药剂补充元件17、第三药剂罐18、第三球阀33、第二切换球阀19、第二药剂注入口1532，以及以第二针阀23、第二流量计25、第二主路球阀27、第二过滤器29构成的第二管道21作为一个重复单元依次设置，本公开的实施例对此不作限制。
例如，图4为本公开一实施例提供的又一种深水管道药剂补充装置的结构示意图，如图4所示，在图3的基础上，该深水管道药剂补充装置10还包括第三切换球阀34和第四药剂罐35，当第一药剂和第二药剂所使用的体积比为1:1时，可以使得第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12均盛装第一药剂，第三药剂罐18和第四药剂罐35均盛装第二药剂，且使得第三切换球阀34处于长期关闭的状态，如果第一药剂和第二药剂的量还不够，即可通过第一药剂补充元件13和第二药剂补充元件17分别补充第一药剂和第二药剂。当第一药剂和第二药剂所使用的体积比为3:1时，可以使得第一药剂罐11、第 二药剂罐12和第四药剂罐35均盛装第一药剂，第三药剂罐18盛装第二药剂，且使得第二切换球阀19处于长期关闭的状态，如果第一药剂和第二药剂的量还不够，即可通过第一药剂补充元件13和第二药剂补充元件17分别补充第一药剂和第二药剂。
需要说明的是，如果还需要注入除了第一药剂和第二药剂之外的更多种的药剂，可以以图4中的第二药剂补充元件17、第三药剂罐18、第三球阀33、第二切换球阀19、第二药剂注入口1532、第三切换球阀34和第四药剂罐35，以及以第二针阀23、第二流量计25、第二主路球阀27、第二过滤器29构成的第二管道21作为一个重复单元依次设置，本公开的实施例对此不作限制。
本公开的实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置10不限于图1，图3和图4中所示的结构，如果需要向待清洗的深水管道中施加除了第一药剂和第二药剂之外的其他种类的药剂，在不离开本公开的在水下实时补充药剂的宗旨的前提下，根据需要还可以构造成其他的结构，本公开的实施例对此不作限制。
本公开至少一实施例还提供一种深水管道药剂补充方法，该方法包括如下步骤：关闭第一切换球阀，采用第一药剂补充元件在水下向第一药剂罐内补充第一药剂，或者开启第一切换球阀，采用第一药剂补充元件在水下向第一药剂罐和第二药剂罐补充第一药剂，以使得第一药剂得到及时地补充，以节省工艺成本。
例如，在一个示例中，结合图1所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，该方法包括当第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂使用完毕时，且第二药剂罐12也无法提供第一药剂时，关闭第一切换球阀14，采用第一药剂补充元件13在水下向第一药剂罐11内补充第一药剂，然后采用遥控潜水器开启第一管道16上的第一主路球阀26，并调整第一针阀22的开度，采用第一流量计24检测第一药剂的流量，将第一药剂输送至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第一药剂注入口1531以进入文丘里管15。
例如，在另一个示例中，结合图1所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，该方法包括当第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂使用完毕时，且第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂也使用完毕，且需要在第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中均补充第一药剂时，开启第一切换球阀14，采用第一药剂补充元件13在水下向第一药 剂罐11和第二药剂罐12中补充第一药剂，然后采用遥控潜水器开启第一管道16上的第一主路球阀26，并调整第一针阀22的开度，采用第一流量计24检测第一药剂的流量，将第一药剂输送至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第一药剂注入口1531以进入文丘里管15。
例如，在又一个示例中，结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法包括：当第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂使用完毕时，且第二药剂罐12中的第二药剂也使用完毕，或者第二药剂罐12盛放的是第一药剂时，关闭第二切换球阀19，采用第二药剂补充元件17在水下向第三药剂罐33内补充第二药剂，然后采用遥控潜水器开启第二管道21上的第二主路球阀27，并调整第二针阀23的开度，采用第二流量计25检测第二药剂的流量，将第二药剂输送至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第二药剂注入口1532以进入文丘里管15。
例如，在又一个示例中，结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法包括：当第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂使用完毕时，且第二药剂罐12中的第二药剂也使用完毕，开启第二切换球阀19，且保持第一切换球阀14处于关闭的状态，采用第二药剂补充元件17在水下向第二药剂罐12和第三药剂罐18内补充第二药剂，然后采用遥控潜水器开启第二管道21上的第二主路球阀27，并调整第二针阀23的开度，采用第二流量计25检测第二药剂的流量，将第二药剂输送至文丘里管15的喉道153处的第二药剂注入口1532以进入文丘里管15。
例如，结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法中，第一药剂罐11通过第一管道16和文丘里管15的第一药剂注入口1531连接，第三药剂罐18通过第二管道21和文丘里管15的第二药剂注入口1532连接，该方法还包括：控制在第一管道16上的第一针阀22的开度，以对到达第一药剂注入口1531的第一药剂的流量进行控制；控制在第二管道21上的第二针阀23的开度，以对到达第二药剂注入口1532的第二药剂的流量进行控制。
例如，结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法中，在第一管道16上且在第一针阀22和第一药剂注入口1531之间具有第一流量计24，在第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和第二药剂注入口1532之间具有第二流量计25，该方法还包括：采用第 一流量计24对第一药剂的流量进行监测，采用第二流量计25对第二药剂的流量进行监测。
例如，结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法中，在第一管道16上且在第一针阀22和第一药剂罐11之间具有第一主路球阀26，在第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和第三药剂罐18之间具有第二主路球阀27，该方法还包括：开启第一主路球阀26以使得第一药剂从第一药剂罐11输送至第一药剂注入口1531；开启第二主路球阀27以使得第二药剂从第二药剂罐12输送至第二药剂注入口1532。
例如，由于第一药剂在第一管道16中被输送至文丘里管15中的过程中，以及第二药剂在第二管道21中被输送至文丘里管15中的过程中，不可避免地，第一管道16和第二管道21的侧壁上会存留有少量的杂质。一方面，如果该杂质随着第一药剂或者第二药剂一起进入文丘里管15，会使得第一药剂或者第二药剂不纯导致第一药剂或者第二药剂的量不够，从而影响对待清洗的深水管道的清洗作用；另一方面，当杂质随着第一药剂流经第一针阀22，或者随着第二药剂流经第二针阀23时，可能对第一针阀22乃至整个第一管道16，或者对第二针阀23乃至整个第二管道21造成堵塞，从而使得该深水管道药剂补充装置10的使用效率和使用寿命大大地降低。结合图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置，在本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法中，在第一管道11上且在第一针阀22和第一主路球阀26之间具有第一过滤器28，在第二管道21上且在第二针阀23和第二主路球阀27之间具有第二过滤器29，该方法还包括：采用第一过滤器28对第一药剂进行过滤，采用第二过滤器29对第二药剂进行过滤，以减少杂质对第一管道16和第二管道21造成堵塞的风险。
例如，本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充方法还包括：采用遥控潜水器控制第一药剂和/或第二药剂的补充、以及控制第一切换球阀、第二切换球阀、第一针阀、第二针阀、第一主路球阀和第二主路球阀至少之一的开启和关闭，以实现整个在海底补充第一药剂和/或第二药剂的操作。
图1和图4所示的深水管道药剂补充装置进行药剂补充的方法可以参见上述中对于图3所示的深水管道药剂补充装置进行药剂补充的方法的相关描述，在此不再赘述。
例如，图5为本公开一实施例提供的一种深水管道药剂补充方法的流程图，具体地，结合图3和图5，当第一药剂罐11和第二药剂罐12均盛放第一药剂，且第三药剂罐18盛放第二药剂，预设的第一药剂和第二药剂的流量比例为3:1时，该深水管道药剂补充方法包括如下步骤：
S01：遥控潜水器接收运送指令，将深水管道药剂补充装置10下放至海底管道的注水口处。
S02、遥控潜水器接收安装指令，将海水注入管道连接至文丘里管15。
S03、遥控潜水器接收打开指令，打开海水注入管道上的海水流量控制阀门和药剂罐20处的药剂阀门。
S04、第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂和第三药剂罐18中的第二药剂自动注入文丘里管15中，遥控潜水器接收打开指令，开启第一主路球阀26和第二主路球阀27，且调节第一针阀22和第二针阀23，控制海水流量、第一药剂的流量和第二药剂的流量来使得第一药剂、第二药剂和海水达到预设比例。
S05、第一药剂罐11中的第一药剂使用完毕，遥控潜水器接收打开指令，开启第一切换球阀14，使得第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂自动注入文丘里管15中，通过控制海水流量、第一药剂的流量和第二药剂的流量来使得第一药剂、第二药剂和海水达到预设比例。
S06、第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂使用完毕，遥控潜水器接收关闭指令，关闭第一切换球阀14，遥控潜水器接收开启指令，开启第一药剂补充元件13，向第一药剂罐11中补充第一药剂，使得第二药剂罐12中的第一药剂自动注入文丘里管15中，通过控制海水流量、第一药剂的流量和第二药剂的流量来使得第一药剂、第二药剂和海水达到预设比例。
S07、第一药剂和第二药剂注入完毕后，遥控潜水器接收关闭指令，关闭海水流量控制阀门、第一主路球阀26和第二主路球阀27。
S08、遥控潜水器接收拆卸指令，完成文丘里管15和海水注入管道的拆卸。
S09、遥控潜水器接收返回指令，将深水管道药剂补充装置10运送至海面回收处。
本公开的实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置和方法，具有以下至少一项有益效果：
(1)本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，适用于对深水管道进行清洗，可以实现对在水下3000m设置的管道的清管作业，还可以实现在海底对药剂的实时补充，从而节省了工艺成本。
(2)本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，可以对第一药剂和第二药剂的流量进行精细地调控。
(3)本公开至少一实施例提供的深水管道药剂补充装置，利用文丘里管的自然压力实现第一药剂和第二药剂的注入，从而不再需要采用外部设备(例如化学药剂注入泵)施加外力将第一药剂和第二药剂注入文丘里管，从而进一步简化了深水管道药剂补充装置的结构，进而大大地节省了第一药剂和第二药剂注入的成本。
有以下几点需要说明：
(1)本公开实施例附图只涉及到与本公开实施例涉及到的结构，其他结构可参考通常设计。
(2)为了清晰起见，在用于描述本公开的实施例的附图中，层或区域的厚度被放大或缩小，即这些附图并非按照实际的比例绘制。
(3)在不冲突的情况下，本公开的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合以得到新的实施例。
以上所述，仅为本公开的具体实施方式，但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此，本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (18)

  1. 一种深水管道药剂补充装置，包括：
    第一药剂罐、第二药剂罐和第一药剂补充元件，以及设置在所述第一药剂罐和所述第二药剂罐之间的第一切换球阀，其中，
    所述第一药剂补充元件配置为当所述第一切换球阀处于关闭状态时在水下向所述第一药剂罐内补充第一药剂，或者所述第一药剂补充元件配置为当所述第一切换球阀处于开启状态时，在水下向所述第一药剂罐和所述第二药剂罐补充第一药剂。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括文丘里管和第一管道，其中，所述文丘里管包括入口端、扩散端和位于所述入口端和所述扩散端之间的喉道，所述入口端配置为接收注入水，所述扩散端和深水管道的注水口连接，所述第一药剂罐通过所述第一管道和所述喉道连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括第二药剂补充元件、第三药剂罐和设置在所述第三药剂罐和所述第二药剂罐之间的第二切换球阀，其中，
    所述第二药剂补充元件配置为当所述第二切换球阀处于关闭状态时在水下向所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，或者，所述第二药剂补充元件配置为当所述第二切换球阀处于开启状态时在水下向所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，且所述第一切换球阀和所述第二切换球阀不同时处于开启状态。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括第二管道，其中，所述第三药剂罐通过所述第二管道和所述喉道连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，其中，所述喉道上设置有第一药剂注入口和第二药剂注入口，所述第一管道连接至所述第一药剂注入口，所述第二管道连接至所述第二药剂注入口。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，其中，
    在所述第一管道上设置有第一针阀，所述第一针阀配置为对所述第一药剂的流量进行控制；以及
    在所述第二管道上设置有第二针阀，所述第二针阀配置为对所述第二药剂的流量进行控制。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，其中，
    在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述文丘里管之间设置有第一流量计，所述第一流量计配置为对所述第一药剂的流量进行监测；以及
    在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述文丘里管之间设置有第二流量计，所述第二流量计配置为对所述第二药剂的流量进行监测。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，其中，
    在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂罐之间设置有第一主路球阀，所述第一主路球阀配置为开启时使得所述第一药剂从所述第一药剂罐输送至所述文丘里管；以及
    在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第三药剂罐之间设置有第二主路球阀，所述第二主路球阀配置为开启时使得所述第二药剂从所述第三药剂罐输送至所述文丘里管。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，其中，
    在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一主路球阀之间设置有第一过滤器，所述第一过滤器配置为对所述第一药剂进行过滤；以及
    在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第二主路球阀之间设置有第二过滤器，所述第二过滤器配置为对所述第二药剂进行过滤。
  10. 根据权利要求3～9中任一项所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括与所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别连接的第一球阀、第二球阀和第三球阀，其中，所述第一球阀、所述第二球阀和所述第三球阀配置为向所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别注入所述第一药剂、所述第一药剂和所述第二药剂；或者所述第一球阀、所述第二球阀和所述第三球阀配置为向所述第一药剂罐、所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐分别注入所述第一药剂、所述第二药剂和所述第二药剂。
  11. 根据权利要求6～10中任一项所述的深水管道药剂补充装置，还包括遥控潜水器，其中，所述遥控潜水器配置为控制所述第一药剂和/或所述第二药剂的补充、以及控制所述第一切换球阀、所述第二切换球阀、所述第一针阀、所述第二针阀、所述第一主路球阀和所述第二主路球阀至少之一的开启和关闭。
  12. 一种深水管道药剂补充方法，包括：
    关闭第一切换球阀，采用第一药剂补充元件在水下向第一药剂罐内补充 第一药剂；或者
    开启所述第一切换球阀，采用所述第一药剂补充元件在水下向所述第一药剂罐和第二药剂罐补充所述第一药剂。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，还包括：
    关闭第二切换球阀，采用第二药剂补充元件在水下向第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，或者，
    开启所述第二切换球阀，采用所述第二药剂补充元件在水下向所述第二药剂罐和所述第三药剂罐内补充第二药剂，且所述第一切换球阀和所述第二切换球阀不同时开启。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其中，所述第一药剂罐通过第一管道和文丘里管的第一药剂注入口连接，所述第三药剂罐通过第二管道和所述文丘里管的第二药剂注入口连接，所述方法还包括：
    控制在所述第一管道上的第一针阀的开度，以对到达所述第一药剂注入口的所述第一药剂的流量进行控制；
    控制在所述第二管道上的第二针阀的开度，以对到达所述第二药剂注入口的所述第二药剂的流量进行控制。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其中，
    在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂注入口之间具有第一流量计，在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第二药剂注入口之间具有第二流量计，所述方法还包括：
    采用所述第一流量计对所述第一药剂的流量进行监测；
    采用所述第二流量计对所述第二药剂的流量进行监测。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一药剂罐之间具有第一主路球阀，在所述第二管道上且在所述第二针阀和所述第三药剂罐之间具有第二主路球阀，所述方法还包括：
    开启所述第一主路球阀以使得所述第一药剂从所述第一药剂罐输送至所述第一药剂注入口；
    开启所述第二主路球阀以使得所述第二药剂从所述第二药剂罐输送至所述第二药剂注入口。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其中，在所述第一管道上且在所述第一针阀和所述第一主路球阀之间具有第一过滤器，在所述第二管道上且在 所述第二针阀和所述第二主路球阀之间具有第二过滤器，所述方法还包括：
    采用所述第一过滤器对所述第一药剂进行过滤；
    采用所述第二过滤器对所述第二药剂进行过滤。
  18. 根据权利要求16或17所述的方法，还包括：采用遥控潜水器控制所述第一药剂和/或所述第二药剂的补充、以及控制所述第一切换球阀、所述第二切换球阀、所述第一针阀、所述第二针阀、所述第一主路球阀和所述第二主路球阀至少之一的开启和关闭。
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