WO2023041266A1 - Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden halbleiterbauteils - Google Patents
Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden halbleiterbauteils Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023041266A1 WO2023041266A1 PCT/EP2022/072588 EP2022072588W WO2023041266A1 WO 2023041266 A1 WO2023041266 A1 WO 2023041266A1 EP 2022072588 W EP2022072588 W EP 2022072588W WO 2023041266 A1 WO2023041266 A1 WO 2023041266A1
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- radiation
- emitting semiconductor
- dielectric layer
- layer stack
- peak wavelength
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 157
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 147
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004382 potting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000001831 conversion spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/44—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the coatings, e.g. passivation layer or anti-reflective coating
- H01L33/46—Reflective coating, e.g. dielectric Bragg reflector
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2933/00—Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2933/0008—Processes
- H01L2933/0025—Processes relating to coatings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2933/00—Details relating to devices covered by the group H01L33/00 but not provided for in its subgroups
- H01L2933/0008—Processes
- H01L2933/0033—Processes relating to semiconductor body packages
- H01L2933/0041—Processes relating to semiconductor body packages relating to wavelength conversion elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/50—Wavelength conversion elements
- H01L33/501—Wavelength conversion elements characterised by the materials, e.g. binder
- H01L33/502—Wavelength conversion materials
- H01L33/504—Elements with two or more wavelength conversion materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/52—Encapsulations
- H01L33/56—Materials, e.g. epoxy or silicone resin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
- H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
- H01L33/60—Reflective elements
Definitions
- a radiation-emitting semiconductor component, a method for selecting a dielectric layer stack for a radiation-emitting semiconductor component and a method for selecting a conversion material of a conversion element for a radiation-emitting semiconductor component are specified.
- One problem to be solved is to specify a radiation-emitting semiconductor component that is particularly efficient.
- a method for selecting a dielectric layer stack and for selecting a conversion material of a conversion element for such a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is to be specified.
- a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is specified.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component is designed, for example, to emit electromagnetic radiation from a radiation exit surface.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor component is, for example, visible light.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip which is designed for this purpose is to emit electromagnetic radiation having a first peak wavelength.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip comprises a semiconductor body, for example.
- the semiconductor body has, for example, a first semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type and a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type that is different from the first conductivity type.
- the first and second semiconductor layers are arranged stacked one on top of the other, in particular grown epitaxially one on top of the other.
- the first semiconductor layer is p-doped and thus formed p-conductive.
- the second semiconductor layer is, for example, n-doped and thus n-conductive.
- the first conductivity type is therefore, for example, a p-conducting type and the second conductivity type is an n-conducting type.
- An active region is arranged, for example, between the first semiconductor layer and the second semiconductor layer.
- the active region is designed, for example, to generate electromagnetic radiation that is emitted by a radiation exit area of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip.
- the active region is in direct contact with the first semiconductor layer sequence and the second semiconductor layer sequence, for example.
- the active region has, for example, a pn junction for generating the electromagnetic radiation, for example a single quantum well structure or a multiple quantum well structure.
- the semiconductor body is based, for example, on a II-IV compound semiconductor material.
- the semiconductor body is based on gallium nitride.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip is representative of a chip emission spectrum, for example.
- the chip emission spectrum includes a spectral intensity of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip as a function of a wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip.
- the chip emission spectrum has a maximum and a half-width.
- the first peak wavelength corresponds in particular to the wavelength ⁇ at which the chip emission spectrum has the maximum.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip is, for example, near-ultraviolet radiation and/or visible light, in particular blue light.
- the first peak wavelength is between at least 400 nm and at most 500 nm, in particular between at least 420 nm and at most 470 nm, for example approximately 435 nm.
- the full width at half maximum of the chip emission spectrum is, for example, between at least 10 nm and at most 50 nm, for example approximately 25 nm.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises a conversion element which is designed to emit electromagnetic radiation with a second peak wavelength.
- the conversion element has For example, a main extension level. A vertical direction is oriented perpendicular to the main plane of extension and lateral directions are oriented parallel to the main plane of extension.
- the conversion element comprises, for example, a matrix material into which phosphor particles are introduced.
- the matrix material is, for example, a resin such as an epoxide, a silicone or a mixture of these materials.
- the phosphor particles give the conversion element the wavelength-converting properties.
- the conversion element is a ceramic conversion element.
- the ceramic conversion element includes phosphor particles that are co-sintered in a ceramic matrix material. In this case, conversion centers of the conversion element are distributed only in the phosphor particles.
- the ceramic conversion element is a ceramic layer, in particular a conversion block.
- conversion centers are distributed throughout the ceramic layer.
- the phosphor particles include a first group of phosphor particles and a second group of phosphor particles.
- the first group of phosphor particles is designed to convert the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip into first secondary radiation.
- the second group of phosphor particles is designed to convert the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip into second secondary radiation, which is different from the first secondary radiation.
- the first secondary radiation is, for example, yellow to green light and the second secondary radiation is, for example, red light.
- the conversion element converts the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip in particular only partially, in particular to a maximum of 50% or a maximum of 70%.
- the electromagnetic radiation converted and emitted by the conversion element is representative of a conversion spectrum.
- the conversion spectrum includes a spectral intensity of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element, in particular the first secondary radiation and/or the second secondary radiation, as a function of a wavelength ⁇ of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element.
- the conversion spectrum has a maximum and a half-width.
- the second peak wavelength corresponds in particular to the wavelength ⁇ at which the conversion spectrum has the maximum.
- the full width at half maximum of the conversion spectrum is, for example, between at least 15 nm and at most 200 nm, for example approximately 125 nm.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises a dielectric Layer stack arranged on the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip and the conversion element.
- the conversion element is arranged on the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip and the dielectric layer stack on the conversion element.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, the conversion element and the dielectric layer stack are arranged one above the other in the vertical direction, for example, in particular in the specified order.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip is in direct contact with the conversion element and/or the conversion element is in direct contact with the dielectric layer stack.
- the dielectric layer stack includes, for example, a plurality of layers, each of which includes a dielectric material.
- Each of the dielectric layers has, for example, a predeterminable refractive index and a predeterminable thickness. At least some of the indices of refraction and at least some of the thicknesses differ for different dielectric layers.
- the dielectric layer stack has a smooth outer surface, for example.
- a smooth outer surface means here that the outer surface has no elevations and depressions that are greater than 500 nm in the vertical direction.
- a transmittance of the dielectric layer stack is for electromagnetic radiation with the first peak wavelength and for electromagnetic radiation with the second Peak wavelength in a first angular range greater than a threshold.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip and the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element impinge on a first main surface of the dielectric layer stack facing the conversion element.
- the electromagnetic radiation passes through the dielectric layer stack, for example as a function of the angle at which it strikes the first main surface and/or as a function of its wavelength.
- the electromagnetic radiation that passes through the dielectric layer stack emerges, for example, via a second main surface of the dielectric layer stack, which faces away from the conversion element.
- the transmittance is the quotient of the spectral intensity of the total electromagnetic radiation on the second main surface and the spectral intensity of the total electromagnetic radiation on the first main surface.
- the electromagnetic radiation with the first peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, and the electromagnetic radiation with the second peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element can form one through the dielectric layer stack pass through a large part and be coupled out over the second half area.
- “To a large extent” means here and below that at least 70%, in particular at least 80%, of the electromagnetic radiation is coupled out.
- the electromagnetic radiation with the first peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, and the electromagnetic radiation with the second peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element are at least partially absorbed by the dielectric layer stack reflected back .
- At least partially reflected back means here and below that at least 20%, in particular at least 30%, of the electromagnetic radiation is reflected back.
- the electromagnetic radiation that is reflected back that is to say the electromagnetic radiation that is not transmitted, is in particular not absorbed by the dielectric layer stack, but is reflected back in the direction of the conversion element.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip which is designed to emit electromagnetic radiation with a first peak wavelength, a conversion element which is designed to do so is designed to emit electromagnetic radiation with a second peak wavelength, and a dielectric layer stack, which is arranged on the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip and the conversion element. Furthermore, a transmittance of the dielectric layer stack for radiation with the first peak wavelength and for radiation with the second peak wavelength in a first angular range is greater than a threshold value and the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack for radiation with the first peak wavelength and for radiation with the second peak wavelength in a second Angular range smaller than the threshold.
- Such a radiation-emitting semiconductor component preferably has a high efficiency for electromagnetic radiation in the first angular range.
- the outer surface in particular the second main surface, is designed to be planar.
- a radiation-emitting semiconductor component of this type is thus advantageously of particularly compact design, in particular in the vertical direction.
- the first peak wavelength is at least 50 nm less than the second peak wavelength.
- the first peak wavelength is at least 70 nm greater than the second peak wavelength.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor component is white light, which includes the first peak wavelength and the second peak wavelength.
- an enveloping emission spectrum is formed by the chip emission spectrum and the conversion spectrum. The envelope emission spectrum corresponds to a spectrum for white light.
- the threshold value is at least 0.7.
- the threshold is at least 0.8.
- the threshold value corresponds to a value of the transmittance at which the radiation of the first peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, and the electromagnetic radiation with the second peak wavelength, in particular the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the conversion element, pass through the dielectric layer stack.
- the dielectric layer stack transmits 70% of the electromagnetic radiation with the first peak wavelength and of the electromagnetic radiation with the second peak wavelength.
- the first angular range comprises a range of at most ⁇ 60° to a Surface normal of the conversion element.
- the surface normal extends in the vertical direction.
- the second angular range includes a range of at most 30° to the second main surface of the dielectric layer stack.
- the first angular range includes a range of at most ⁇ 45° to the surface normal.
- the second angular range comprises a range of at most 45° to the second main surface of the dielectric layer stack.
- the first angular range can be specified as a function of an acceptance angle of an optical element arranged above the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip.
- a surface of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip that faces the conversion element is roughened.
- the roughened surface is in direct contact with the conversion element, for example.
- the roughened surface includes, for example, a large number of irregularly arranged elevations and depressions. Electromagnetic radiation that is reflected back can advantageously be scattered at these elevations and depressions.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises a reflective potting body.
- the reflective casting body includes, for example, a matrix material in which radiation-reflecting particles and/or radiation-scattering particles are introduced.
- the matrix material is, for example, a resin, such as an epoxide or a silicone, or a mixture of these materials.
- the radiation-reflecting particles impart the reflective properties to the reflective potting body.
- the radiation-reflecting particles are, for example, TiOg particles and/or ZrCt particles.
- the reflective potting body di f fus is designed to be reflective for the electromagnetic radiation of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip and the electromagnetic radiation of the conversion element.
- the reflective encapsulation has a reflectivity for the electromagnetic radiation of at least 90%, in particular at least 95%.
- the reflective potting body covers a side face of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, the conversion element and the dielectric layer stack.
- the reflective potting body completely covers the side surface, in particular all side surfaces, of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip, the conversion element and the dielectric layer stack. In the vertical direction, the reflective potting body terminates flush with the second main surface of the dielectric layer stack, for example.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip is arranged on a carrier.
- the carrier is, for example, a printed circuit board (PCB) or a lead frame.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip is energized and/or controlled by means of the carrier, for example.
- the carrier is a ceramic substrate.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip comprises a reflective element.
- the reflective element is arranged, for example, between the semiconductor body and the carrier.
- the reflective element is in direct contact with the semiconductor body.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip comprises a chip carrier, for example.
- the chip carrier comprises Si, for example.
- the reflective element is arranged, for example, between the semiconductor body and the chip carrier.
- the chip carrier is arranged on the carrier, for example.
- the reflective element comprises a Bragg mirror and/or a metallic mirror, for example.
- electromagnetic radiation reflected back by the dielectric layer stack is advantageously reflected back again to the dielectric layer stack, where it comes from can be decoupled from the radiation-emitting semiconductor component in the first angular range.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component comprises an optical element which is arranged above the dielectric layer stack.
- the optical element is spaced apart from the dielectric layer stack in the vertical direction, for example.
- the optical element is arranged, for example, in a beam path of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the dielectric layer stack.
- the optical element is, for example, a lens, in particular a convex lens or a concave lens.
- a lens in particular a convex lens or a concave lens.
- such an optical element can be produced by means of a compression molding process.
- the optical element has an acceptance angle range that is equal to or smaller than the first angle range.
- a large part of the electromagnetic radiation emitted from the dielectric layer stack is thus advantageously received by the optical element.
- a large part means here, for example, that at least 40%, in particular 50% or 65%, of the electromagnetic radiation coupled out of the dielectric layer stack is in the acceptance angle range of the optical element and can therefore be received by it. If the acceptance angle range is ⁇ 45°, for example, at least 50% to 65% of the dielectric layer stack can be coupled out electromagnetic radiation are taken from the optical element.
- Electromagnetic radiation that does not strike the dielectric layer stack in the first angular range is at least partially reflected back again. This back-reflected electromagnetic radiation is scattered and reflected back again in the direction of the dielectric layer stack.
- An angle of incidence on the first main surface can be changed by the scattering of the electromagnetic radiation, so that the angle of incidence is in the first angle range.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component is used in light sources in which directional emission is advantageous.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component is used in the automotive sector, for example in a headlight, or in projectors.
- a method for selecting a dielectric layer stack for a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is specified.
- such a dielectric layer stack is suitable for use in the radiation-emitting semiconductor component described here. This means that all the features disclosed in connection with the radiation-emitting semiconductor component are therefore also disclosed in connection with the method for selecting the dielectric layer stack and vice versa.
- an initial dielectric layer stack is provided.
- the initial dielectric layer stack is a virtual initial dielectric layer stack.
- parameters are representative of the initial dielectric stack. The parameters can be specified, for example, and can be stored on a computer-readable storage medium.
- a transmittance of the initial dielectric layer stack for electromagnetic radiation with a first peak wavelength and for electromagnetic radiation with a second peak wavelength is determined for a first angular range and a second angular range. If the initial dielectric layer stack is a virtual initial dielectric layer stack, the transmittance for the first angular range and the transmittance for the second angular range are determined, for example, using a computer program, in particular using a computer.
- the dielectric layer stack is selected by adapting the initial dielectric layer stack as a function of the transmittance in the first angular range and in the second angular range and as a function of a threshold value.
- the initial dielectric layer stack is selected as the dielectric layer stack. Otherwise, the initial dielectric layer stack is adjusted accordingly and the The step of determining the transmittance is carried out again.
- the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack for radiation with the first peak wavelength and for radiation with the second peak wavelength in the first angular range is greater than the threshold value, and the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack is for radiation with the first peak wavelength and for radiation with the second peak wavelength in a second angular range smaller than the threshold value.
- the method specified here for selecting the dielectric layer stack can be carried out at least in part by a computer program.
- the computer program includes, for example, instructions which, when the computer program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to at least partially carry out the method described here.
- a computer-readable storage medium is specified, on which the computer program described here is stored.
- the initial dielectric layer stack comprises a plurality of initial dielectric layers.
- each of the initial dielectric layers has a predeterminable initial refractive index and a predeterminable initial thickness.
- at least one of the predeterminable initial refractive indices and at least one of the predeterminable initial thicknesses is increased or decreased during the adaptation of the initial dielectric layer stack.
- at least one further initial dielectric layer or a plurality of further initial dielectric layers can be added to the initial dielectric layer stack and/or an initial dielectric layer or a plurality of initial dielectric layers can be removed.
- the initial dielectric layer stack is adjusted until a corresponding transmittance is achieved in the first angular range and in the second angular range.
- a method for selecting a conversion material of a conversion element for a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is specified.
- such a conversion element is suitable for use in the radiation-emitting semiconductor component described here. This means that all the features disclosed in connection with the radiation-emitting semiconductor component are therefore also disclosed in connection with the method for selecting the conversion material of the conversion element and vice versa.
- a dielectric layer stack is selected according to the above-mentioned method for selecting a dielectric layer stack for a radiation-emitting semiconductor component.
- an initial conversion material of an initial conversion element is provided.
- the initial conversion material is, for example, a virtual initial conversion material.
- an initial color locus of the initial conversion element is determined as a function of the dielectric layer stack.
- the initial color location is determined, for example, using a computer program, in particular using a computer. Alternatively, the initial color location is determined by means of an experimental test.
- the conversion material is selected by adapting the initial conversion material as a function of the initial color locus and as a function of a target color locus that can be specified.
- the method specified here for selecting the conversion material of the conversion element can be carried out at least partially by a computer program.
- the computer program includes, for example, instructions which, when the computer program is executed by a computer, cause the computer to at least partially carry out the method described here. Additionally or alternatively, the method specified here for selecting the conversion material of the conversion element can be carried out at least partially using experimental tests. Furthermore, a computer-readable storage medium is specified, on which the computer program described here is stored.
- the initial conversion material includes a first conversion substance.
- the first conversion material is replaced by another first conversion material when the initial conversion material is adjusted.
- the initial conversion material comprises a first conversion material and a second conversion material that is different from the first conversion material.
- a mixing ratio of the first conversion material and the second conversion material is changed when the initial conversion material is adjusted.
- the dielectric layer stack is additionally adapted as a function of the conversion material of the conversion element according to the method for selecting a conversion material of a conversion element described here.
- a method for producing a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is specified.
- a radiation-emitting semiconductor component is suitable for use in the radiation-emitting semiconductor component described here. This means that all features disclosed in connection with the radiation-emitting semiconductor component are therefore also disclosed in connection with the radiation-emitting semiconductor component and vice versa.
- a conversion element is applied to a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip.
- the conversion element is selected according to the method for selecting a conversion material of a conversion element.
- a dielectric layer stack is produced.
- the dielectric stack is selected according to the method for selecting a dielectric stack.
- the dielectric layer stack is applied to the conversion element.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component, the method for selecting a dielectric layer stack and the method for selecting a conversion material are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures using exemplary embodiments.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to one exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a transmission behavior of a dielectric layer stack of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to one embodiment
- FIG. 3 shows an exemplary representation of an enveloping emission spectrum
- FIGS. 4, 5 and 6 transmission behavior of a dielectric layer stack of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to one embodiment in each case as a function of an angle of incidence for different wavelengths
- FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 transmission behavior of a dielectric layer stack of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component as a function of an incidence angle for a first peak wavelength and a second peak wavelength
- FIGS. 10, 11 and 12 transmission behavior of a dielectric layer stack of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to an embodiment in each case as a function of a wavelength for different angles of incidence
- FIGS. 13 and 14 show schematic representations of a shift in a color locus as a function of a dielectric layer stack of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to an exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 15 shows a flowchart of a method for selecting a dielectric layer stack for a Radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to one exemplary embodiment
- FIG. 16 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a radiation-emitting semiconductor component according to an exemplary embodiment.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor component 1 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 comprises a radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 on which a conversion element 3 is arranged.
- a dielectric layer stack 4 is also arranged on the conversion element 3 .
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 is in direct contact with the conversion element 3 and the conversion element 3 is in direct contact with the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- the dielectric layer stack 4 has a first main surface 5 facing the conversion element 3 and a second main surface 6 facing away from the conversion element 3 .
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 is arranged on a carrier 8 .
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2, the conversion element 3 and the dielectric layer stack 4 surrounded by a reflective potting body 7 .
- the reflective potting body 7 completely covers side areas of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 , the conversion element 3 and the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- the reflective potting body 7 terminates flush with the dielectric layer stack 4 , in particular the second main surface 6 .
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 is blue light, for example. Furthermore, a chip emission spectrum CS of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 has a maximum that corresponds to a first peak wavelength PI.
- the conversion element 3 is designed to partially convert the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 into first secondary radiation and/or second secondary radiation.
- the first secondary radiation is, for example, yellow to green light and/or the second secondary radiation is, for example, red light.
- a conversion spectrum KS of the conversion element 3 has a maximum that corresponds to a second peak wavelength P2.
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 and the electromagnetic radiation converted by the conversion element 3 each strike the dielectric layer stack 4 at an angle of incidence 0.
- the angle of incidence 0 extends away from a normal of the conversion element.
- Electromagnetic radiation and the electromagnetic radiation converted by the conversion element 3 are transmitted through the dielectric layer stack 4 or reflected back in the direction of the carrier 8 depending on the angle of incidence ⁇ .
- a transmittance for the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 and the electromagnetic radiation converted by the conversion element 3 is defined by a quotient of the spectral intensities.
- the quotient is a value of the spectral intensity of the total electromagnetic radiation on the second main surface 6 , which is divided by a value of the spectral intensity of the total electromagnetic radiation on the first main surface 5 .
- the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack 4 is greater than a threshold value T s for radiation with the first peak wavelength PI and for radiation with the second peak wavelength P2 in a first angular range Bl .
- the first angular range Bl covers a range of at most ⁇ 60° to a surface normal of the conversion element 3 . This means that the electromagnetic radiation with the first peak wavelength PI emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 and the electromagnetic radiation with the second peak wavelength P2 converted by the conversion element 3, each of which has an angle of incidence 0 of ⁇ 60° to a surface normal, are absorbed by the dielectric Layer stack 4 transmitted to a large extent.
- the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack 4 for radiation with the first peak wavelength PI and for radiation with the second peak wavelength P2 is also smaller than the threshold value T s in a second angular range B2.
- the second angular range B2 includes a range from 0° to 30° to the second main surface 6 of the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 with the first peak wavelength PI and the electromagnetic radiation converted by the conversion element 3 with the second peak wavelength P2, each of which has an angle of incidence 0 of 0° to 30° to the second main surface 6 of the dielectric Have layer stack 4 are reflected by the dielectric layer stack 4 at least partially.
- the electromagnetic radiation that is reflected back can be reflected back again in the direction of the dielectric layer stack 4 by means of a reflecting element 9 .
- the electromagnetic radiation reflected back can be scattered at the reflective encapsulation and/or a roughened surface of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2, so that an angle of incidence 0 of the electromagnetic radiation reflected back onto the first main surface 5 changes. If such electromagnetic radiation that is reflected back strikes the first main surface 5 in the first angular range B1, the latter is largely decoupled.
- the first angular range B1 can be specified as a function of an acceptance angle of an optical element arranged above the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 .
- the diagram according to FIG. 2 shows a transmission T on the y-axis from the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip
- An emission angle 0 E of the electromagnetic radiation having the first peak wavelength PI emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 and by the conversion element is on the x-axis
- the emission angle ⁇ E corresponds, for example, to an acceptance angle of an optical element arranged above the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 . Furthermore, the emission angle 0 E is representative of the angle of incidence 0 .
- the transmission T is greater than a threshold value T s —in particular in a first angular range Bl.
- the transmission T is smaller than the threshold value T s —in particular in a second angle range Bl. Areas with too low a transmission B1 and too high a transmission B2 are shown hatched.
- the threshold value T s is, for example, greater than 0.7 and in particular greater than 0.8, which corresponds to a transmission T of greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80%. This transmission behavior applies at least to two wavelengths X, the first peak wavelength PI and the second peak wavelength P2.
- the 3 shows an enveloping emission spectrum S, which is formed by a chip emission spectrum CS and a conversion spectrum KS.
- the envelope emission spectrum S corresponds to a spectrum for white light.
- a normalized spectral intensity ® rei of the electromagnetic radiation emitted by the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 and the electromagnetic radiation converted by the conversion element 3 is shown as a function of a wavelength ⁇ .
- the chip emission spectrum CS has a maximum that corresponds to the first peak wavelength PI.
- the conversion spectrum KS has a maximum that corresponds to the second peak wavelength P2.
- Both peak wavelengths P1, P2 are transmitted through the dielectric layer stack 4 in the first angular range B1 and reflected in the second angular range B2.
- a transmission T in % of a dielectric layer stack 4 is shown in relation to an emission angle ⁇ E for different wavelengths ⁇ .
- Curve Kl corresponds to a transmission behavior of electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength ⁇ of 450 nm, curve K2 a wavelength ⁇ of 500 nm, curve K3 a wavelength ⁇ of 550 nm, curve K4 a wavelength ⁇ of 600 nm, curve K5 a wavelength ⁇ of 650 nm, curve K6 of a wavelength ⁇ of 700 nm and curve K7 of a wavelength ⁇ of 750 nm.
- the curve K1 corresponds to the first peak wavelength PI and the curve K3 corresponds to the second peak wavelength P2.
- a transmission T in % of a dielectric layer stack 4 is shown in relation to a wavelength ⁇ for different emission angles ⁇ E .
- Curve K8 corresponds to a transmission behavior of electromagnetic radiation with an emission angle ⁇ E of 5°, curve K9 an emission angle ⁇ E of 15°, curve K10 an emission angle ⁇ E of 25°, curve K11 an emission angle ⁇ E of 35°, curve K12 an emission angle ⁇ E of 45°, curve K13 an emission angle ⁇ E of 55°, curve K14 an emission angle ⁇ E of 65°, curve K15 an emission angle ⁇ E of 75° and curve K16 an emission angle ⁇ E of 85°.
- a target color locus that can be specified is shown as a point in a cx-cy diagram. If a concentration of conversion material in the conversion element 3 is changed, for example, then the color locus of the emitted electromagnetic radiation can be shifted along the straight line shown. If electromagnetic radiation passes through the dielectric layer stack 4, then, for example, the straight line , also called the conversion line, is also rotated. This means that color coordinates of electromagnetic radiation can be changed after transmission T through the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- FIG. 13 shows a shift in the conversion line of emitted electromagnetic radiation from a conversion element 3 with a phosphor.
- FIG. 14 shows a displacement of two conversion lines of emitted electromagnetic radiation of a conversion element 3 with two different phosphors.
- the bottom straight conversion line corresponds to a conversion line marked with a red phosphor is generated and the upper straight conversion line corresponds to a conversion line generated with a green phosphor.
- the dashed conversion lines correspond to the displacement induced by the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- the conversion element 3 in particular the conversion material, is selected depending on the predefinable target color locus and the dielectric layer stack 4 .
- step S 1 an initial dielectric layer stack is first provided.
- Each of the initial dielectric layers has a predeterminable initial refractive index and a predeterminable initial thickness.
- a transmittance of the initial dielectric layer stack for electromagnetic radiation with a first peak wavelength PI and for electromagnetic radiation with a second peak wavelength P2 is determined for a first angular range Bl and a second angular range B2.
- the dielectric layer stack 4 is selected by adapting the initial dielectric layer stack as a function of the transmittance in the first angular range B1 and in the second angular range B2 and as a function of a threshold value T s .
- At least one of the predeterminable initial refractive indices and at least one of the predeterminable initial thicknesses is increased or decreased.
- Steps S2 to S3 are repeated until the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack 4 for radiation with the first peak wavelength PI and for radiation with the second peak wavelength P2 in a first angular range Bl is greater than a threshold value T s and the transmittance of the dielectric layer stack 4 is smaller than the threshold value T s for radiation with the first peak wavelength P1 and for radiation with the second peak wavelength P2 in a second angular range B2 . If this condition is met, the dielectric layer stack 4 is selected.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 of the radiation-emitting semiconductor component 1 according to the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 16 has a roughened surface.
- a conversion element 3 is mechanically stably connected to a semiconductor body 11 of the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 by means of an adhesive material, in particular an adhesive.
- the radiation-emitting semiconductor chip 2 comprises a reflective element 9 and a chip carrier 12 .
- the chip carrier 12 comprises Si, for example.
- the reflective element 9 is arranged between the semiconductor body 11 and the chip carrier 12 and can be in direct contact with them.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Led Device Packages (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN202280062690.6A CN117941084A (zh) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-08-11 | 发射辐射的半导体组件和用于制造发射辐射的半导体组件的方法 |
KR1020247011842A KR20240052996A (ko) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-08-11 | 복사선 방출 반도체 컴포넌트 및 복사선 방출 반도체 컴포넌트를 생성하기 위한 방법 |
DE112022002908.0T DE112022002908A5 (de) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-08-11 | Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden halbleiterbauteils |
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DE102021123818.8A DE102021123818A1 (de) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauteil, verfahren zur auswahl eines dielektrischen schichtenstapels und verfahren zur auswahl eines konversionsmaterials |
DE102021123818.8 | 2021-09-15 |
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PCT/EP2022/072588 WO2023041266A1 (de) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-08-11 | Strahlungsemittierendes halbleiterbauteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines strahlungsemittierenden halbleiterbauteils |
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KR (1) | KR20240052996A (de) |
CN (1) | CN117941084A (de) |
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Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2323184A1 (de) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | LED-Anordnung |
US20150162503A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2015-06-11 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Led assembly |
US20190035987A1 (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Nichia Corporation | Light emitting device and method of manufacturing light emitting device |
US20190221730A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-07-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting diode (led), led package and apparatus including the same |
EP3621109A1 (de) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-11 | InnoLux Corporation | Anzeigevorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006035388A2 (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-06 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Phosphor-converted led with luminance enhancement through light recycling |
JP2010505250A (ja) | 2006-09-29 | 2010-02-18 | オスラム オプト セミコンダクターズ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | オプトエレクトロニクス素子 |
DE102007025092A1 (de) | 2007-05-30 | 2008-12-04 | Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh | Lumineszenzdiodenchip |
KR101585239B1 (ko) | 2007-10-25 | 2016-01-22 | 코닌클리케 필립스 엔.브이. | 편광 광 방출 장치 |
-
2021
- 2021-09-15 DE DE102021123818.8A patent/DE102021123818A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2022
- 2022-08-11 CN CN202280062690.6A patent/CN117941084A/zh active Pending
- 2022-08-11 WO PCT/EP2022/072588 patent/WO2023041266A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-08-11 KR KR1020247011842A patent/KR20240052996A/ko unknown
- 2022-08-11 DE DE112022002908.0T patent/DE112022002908A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20150162503A1 (en) * | 2008-12-02 | 2015-06-11 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Led assembly |
EP2323184A1 (de) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-05-18 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | LED-Anordnung |
US20190221730A1 (en) * | 2015-08-26 | 2019-07-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Light-emitting diode (led), led package and apparatus including the same |
US20190035987A1 (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2019-01-31 | Nichia Corporation | Light emitting device and method of manufacturing light emitting device |
EP3621109A1 (de) * | 2018-09-07 | 2020-03-11 | InnoLux Corporation | Anzeigevorrichtung |
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DE112022002908A5 (de) | 2024-03-21 |
DE102021123818A1 (de) | 2023-03-16 |
CN117941084A (zh) | 2024-04-26 |
KR20240052996A (ko) | 2024-04-23 |
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