WO2023040023A1 - 一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩 - Google Patents

一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩 Download PDF

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WO2023040023A1
WO2023040023A1 PCT/CN2021/129266 CN2021129266W WO2023040023A1 WO 2023040023 A1 WO2023040023 A1 WO 2023040023A1 CN 2021129266 W CN2021129266 W CN 2021129266W WO 2023040023 A1 WO2023040023 A1 WO 2023040023A1
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layer
collection
mouth
visual
pathogen
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PCT/CN2021/129266
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English (en)
French (fr)
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熊力
林良武
杨治平
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中南大学
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/02—Layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of personal protection and the technical field of pathogen sample collection, and in particular relates to a mouth and nose mask for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and visual warning.
  • the main route of transmission of the new coronavirus that emerged in 2020 is through respiratory infection.
  • Saliva, droplets and aerosols produced during breathing, coughing or sneezing are important carriers of the novel coronavirus.
  • Nucleic acid testing is inseparable from the screening, diagnosis and cure of large-scale novel coronavirus patients, and the collection of nasal and throat swabs is a key step in nucleic acid testing.
  • medical staff need to wear medical protective clothing, gloves, masks, and goggles, etc., and operate in close contact with the tested personnel.
  • a variety of masks for novel coronavirus are disclosed in the prior art, such as an aerosol and droplet novel coronavirus pathogen collection mask and collection method (CN111513377A), a throat swab collection device for reducing the risk of novel coronavirus infection Its collection method (CN111166391A), the mask (CN210445776U) used for sampling the new coronavirus pneumonia pathogen, a mask (CN212117167U) used to collect the new coronavirus nucleic acid in exhalation, etc., are all used for the collection of respiratory new coronavirus samples.
  • the mouth and nose mask for analysis reduces the risk of medical staff being infected and increases the collection efficiency, but it has complex structure, high preparation cost, large sample collection area, high randomness of collection points, difficult operation, and general Defects such as poor adaptability are not conducive to actual promotion, especially the lack of visual target collection of virus samples, which can easily lead to low positive rates and high false negative rates.
  • the present invention provides a simple, efficient, convenient, practical, economical and safe visual targeted collection of suspected patients with respiratory infectious diseases or patients' saliva, droplets and aerosol pathogens as detection samples
  • the mouth and nose mask fills in the tools and methods for non-commercialized visual targeted collection of new coronavirus detection samples, and solves the complex structure, high preparation cost, huge collection area, and randomness of collection points of existing new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose masks High, difficult to operate, poor universality, not conducive to promotion, and has no defects such as visual target collection of new coronavirus samples and visual warning functions.
  • the people to be collected are separated from medical staff, reducing the risk of infection, while improving sample collection efficiency and reducing the false negative rate.
  • the present invention provides an oronasal mask for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and visual warnings.
  • the oronasal mask includes ear hooks and an oronasal mask body.
  • the layer is an antifouling layer
  • the innermost layer is a skin-friendly layer
  • the middle layer includes a visual pathogen target collection layer or/and a filter layer;
  • the visible pathogen target collection layer contains color-changing materials.
  • the mouth and nose mask has a three-layer structure, which is an antifouling layer, a visual pathogen target collection layer, and a skin-friendly layer from outside to inside.
  • the mouth and nose mask has a four-layer structure, which is an antifouling layer, a filter layer, a visual pathogen target collection layer, and a skin-friendly layer from outside to inside.
  • the mouth and nose mask has a five-layer structure, which is an antifouling layer, a first visualized pathogen-targeted collection layer, a filter layer, a second visualized pathogen-targeted collection layer, and a skin-friendly layer from outside to inside.
  • the visible pathogen targeting collection layer has a microporous structure, and the size of the microporous structure is less than 100 nm.
  • variable color material in the visualized pathogen target collection layer includes:
  • Hydrochromic ink indolooxazoline and its derivative dyes, polydiacetylene (PDA), 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivative dyes, one of the all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals one or more species.
  • PDA polydiacetylene
  • 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivative dyes one of the all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystals one or more species.
  • variable color material is photochromic, hydrochromic or CO2-mediated acid-induced color non-toxic material, which has a highly sensitive response ability to H2O in saliva, droplets and aerosol, and CO2 in exhalation, and has the ability to absorb water with water absorption.
  • the color change gradually deepens or changes in color as the volume or expiratory volume increases.
  • the new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose mask has the function of visual target collection, greatly reducing the collection area, and improving the collection of the existing new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose mask Accuracy, improve collection efficiency, reduce false negative rate;
  • the color change gradually deepens or the color changes, so that the new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose mask has a visual warning function, through the inside and outside surface
  • the color change can remind the wearer to replace the mouth and nose mask in time or stay away from high-risk groups, so as not to increase the chance of spreading the new coronavirus.
  • the visible pathogen target collection layer prints and dyes the color-changing material on the fiber fabric by screen printing.
  • the fiber fabric is wood fiber cloth, non-woven fabric or polypropylene velvet cloth.
  • the mouth and nose mask body also includes a nose bridge rib, which is arranged at the middle position along the upper edge of the mouth and nose mask body and is made of bendable plastic material.
  • the antifouling layer and the skin-friendly layer are non-woven fabrics
  • the filter layer is a melt-blown fabric with a filter antibacterial rate of 99.999% or more.
  • the mouth and nose mask for visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and visual warnings of the present invention is provided with a color-changing material on the pathogen collection layer.
  • a color-changing material on the pathogen collection layer.
  • the color changes it can show the adsorption position of saliva, droplets and aerosol pathogens, so that the new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose mask has the function of visual target collection, which greatly reduces the collection area and improves the efficiency of the existing new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose masks. Collection accuracy, improve collection efficiency, and reduce false negative rate.
  • the present invention has a single-sided or double-sided warning function.
  • the color change gradually deepens or the color changes, so that the new coronavirus pathogen collection mouth and nose mask has a visual reminder function, through the color change of the inner and outer surfaces It can remind the wearer to replace the new mouth and nose mask in time or stay away from high-risk groups, so as not to increase the chance of spreading the new coronavirus.
  • the mouth and nose mask for collecting novel coronavirus samples by visual targeting according to the present invention has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, and is suitable for large-scale production and promotion.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the mouth and nose mask for visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the three-layer oral and nasal mask body provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mouth and nose mask with four-layer structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mouth and nose mask with five-layer structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a visualized pathogen collection layer provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the labels in the figure are: 1. Mouth and nose mask body; 2. Nasal bridge ribs; 3. Ear hooks; 4. Skin-friendly layer; Color-changing materials; 9. Fiber fabrics.
  • the oronasal mask for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and visual warnings consists of ear hooks, nasal bridge ribs, and an oro-nasal mask body.
  • the ear hooks are respectively located on both sides of the mouth and nose mask body and are made of elastic material.
  • the bridge of the nose is located in the middle of the upper edge of the mouth and nose mask body, and is made of bendable plastic material with a length of 8.5-10cm.
  • the anti-fouling layer on the outside of the mouth and nose mask and the skin-friendly layer on the inside are non-woven fabrics, and the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing hydrochromic oil on the melt-blown cloth with a diameter or interval of 100nm by screen printing.
  • Fabrics with a microporous structure of 100 or less, and superimposed according to the anti-fouling layer, ear hooks, bridge of the nose, visually targeted pathogen collection layer and skin-friendly layer, are welded into a whole by ultrasonic waves, and the new coronavirus samples can be collected visually and targetedly and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the oronasal mask for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and visual warnings consists of ear hooks, nasal bridge ribs, and an oronasal mask body.
  • the ear hooks are respectively located on both sides of the mouth and nose mask body and are made of elastic material.
  • the bridge of the nose is located in the middle of the upper edge of the mouth and nose mask body, and is made of bendable plastic material with a length of 8.5-10cm.
  • the anti-fouling layer on the outside of the mouth and nose mask and the skin-friendly layer on the inside are non-woven fabrics, and the filter layer is a melt-blown cloth that filters and prevents bacteria over 99.999%.
  • Indoxazoline and its derivatives dyes with color-changing, hydrochromic and acid-chromic abilities are printed and dyed on melt-blown cloth with a microporous structure with a diameter or interval of 100 nm or less, according to antifouling layer, After the filter layer, ear hooks, bridge of the nose, visual pathogen target collection layer and skin-friendly layer are superimposed, they are welded into a whole by ultrasonic waves, and a mouth and nose mask with visual target collection of new coronavirus samples and single-sided visual warning is obtained.
  • the oronasal mask for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and visual warnings consists of ear hooks, nasal bridge ribs, and an orofacial mask body.
  • the ear hooks are respectively located on both sides of the mouth and nose mask body and are made of elastic material.
  • the bridge of the nose is located in the middle of the upper edge of the mouth and nose mask body, and is made of bendable plastic material with a length of 8.5-10cm.
  • the anti-fouling layer on the outside of the mouth and nose mask and the skin-friendly layer on the inside are non-woven fabrics, and the filter layer is a melt-blown cloth that filters and prevents bacteria over 99.999%.
  • PDA dyes with color-changing and hydrochromic capabilities are printed and dyed on melt-blown fabrics with a microporous structure with a diameter or interval of 100 nm or less, according to the anti-fouling layer, the first visualized pathogen-targeted collection layer, the filter layer, the ear After the hanging, bridge of the nose, the second visual pathogen target collection layer and the skin-friendly layer are superimposed, they are welded into a whole by ultrasonic waves, and a mouth and nose mask with visual target collection of new coronavirus samples and double-sided visual warnings can be obtained.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivatives dyes with hydrochromic ability on the melt-blown cloth by the screen printing method. Or a fabric with a microporous structure at intervals of 100 nm or less.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visual target pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing the photochromic and hydrochromic abilities of the all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystal colloid on the melt-blown cloth by the screen printing method.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is a fabric with a microporous structure with a diameter or spacing of 100 nm or less formed by printing and dyeing hydrochromic oil on wood fibers by screen printing.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivatives dyes with hydrochromic ability on wood fiber cloth by screen printing method. Or a fabric with a microporous structure at intervals of 100 nm or less.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visual target pathogen collection layer is to print and dye indoloxazoline and its derivatives dyes with photochromic, hydrochromic and acid-chromic capabilities on wood fibers by screen printing.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing PDA dyes with photochromic and hydrochromic capabilities on wood fiber cloth by screen printing, and has a diameter or interval of 100nm or below. Microporous fabric.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visualization targeting pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing all-inorganic lead-containing halide perovskite nanocrystal colloids with photochromic and hydrochromic capabilities on wood fibers by screen printing. Microporous fabrics with a diameter or spacing of 100 nm or less.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visualization target pathogen collection layer is to print and dye indolooxazoline and its derivatives dyes with photochromic, hydrochromic and acid-chromic abilities on non-woven fabrics by screen printing.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is a fabric with a microporous structure with a diameter or interval of 100 nm or less formed by printing and dyeing hydrochromic oil on a non-woven fabric by a screen printing method.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods are obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visualization target pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing 1,8-naphthalimide and its derivatives dyes with hydrochromic ability on non-woven fabrics by screen printing method. Or a fabric with a microporous structure at intervals of 100 nm or less.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visually targeted pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing PDA dyes with photochromic and hydrochromic capabilities on non-woven fabrics with diameters or intervals of 100 nm or less by screen printing. Microporous fabric.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a mouth and nose mask with a four-layer structure for visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.
  • the visual target pathogen collection layer is formed by printing and dyeing the non-woven fabric with photochromic and hydrochromic capabilities containing all-inorganic lead halide perovskite nanocrystal colloids by screen printing.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 1 to obtain a three-layer structure, a mouth and nose mask with a visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a double-sided visual warning.
  • Example 2 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods are obtained according to Example 2 to obtain a four-layer structure visually targeted collection of new coronavirus samples and a single-sided visual warning mouth and nose mask.
  • Example 3 Other structures, material selection and preparation methods were obtained according to Example 3 to obtain a five-layer structure visually targeted collection of novel coronavirus samples and a mouth and nose mask with double-sided visual warnings.

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Abstract

一种属于个人防护领域和病原体样本采集技术领域的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩。该口鼻罩包括耳挂(3)和口鼻罩体(1)，口鼻罩体(1)最外层为防污层(7)，最内层为亲肤层(4)，中间层包括可视化病原体靶向采集层(5)或/和过滤层(6)；可视化病原体靶向采集层(5)中包含可变色材料(8)。该口鼻罩能够可视靶向采集呼吸道传染性疾病疑似患者或患者唾液、飞沫和气溶胶病原体，并起到警示功能，实现新型冠状病毒病原体样本采集时，被采集人与医护人员的分离，降低被感染的风险，同时提高样本的采集效率、降低假阴性率。

Description

一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2021年9月17日提交的中国专利申请202111090209.8的权益，该申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明属于个人防护领域和病原体样本采集技术领域，具体涉及一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩。
背景技术
2020年出现的新型冠状病毒主要传播途径是经由呼吸道传染。呼吸、咳嗽或打喷嚏时产生的唾液、飞沫和气溶胶是新型冠状病毒的重要载体。大型新型冠状病毒患者的筛查、确诊和治愈，都离不开核酸检测，而鼻、咽拭子采集是核酸检测的一个关键步骤。当前采集新型冠状病毒核酸检测样本时，医护人员需要穿戴医用防护服、手套、口罩和护目镜等，近距离接触被检测人员进行操作。一方面，在操作过程中难免由于操作的刺激引起被采集者咳嗽或打喷嚏，大大增加医护人员被感染的几率。另一方面，医用防护服密不透风，而且穿脱也很不方便，长时间在气温偏高的环境中工作会导致医护人员的不适和体能下降，大大降低了采集效率。大量研究和实践表明口鼻罩是一种高效、方便、安全、经济和普适性的切断新型冠状病毒在人群中传播的重要工具，同时口鼻罩采集是一种具有巨大潜能替代现有鼻、咽拭子采集方式的采集工具。
现有技术中公开了多种用于新型冠状病毒采用的口罩，比如一种气溶胶和飞沫新型冠状病毒病原体收集口罩与收集方法(CN111513377A)、降低新型冠病毒传染风险的咽拭子采集装置及其采集方法(CN111166391A)、用于新型冠状病毒肺炎病原体采样的口罩 (CN210445776U)、一种用于收集呼气中新冠病毒核酸的口罩(CN212117167U)等，都是用于呼吸道新冠病毒样本的收集与分析的口鼻罩，在一定程度下，降低了医护人员被感染的风险，增加了采集效率，但存在结构复杂、制备成本高、样本采集面积大，采集点随机性高、操作困难、普适性差等缺陷，不利于实际推广，特别是无可视靶向采集病毒样本的功能，易造成阳性率低，假阴性率高的现象。
因此，为了降低医护人员被感染的风险，同时提高样本的采集效率、降低假阴性率，迫切需要研发一种高效、方便、实用、经济、安全的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本的口鼻罩来解决上述技术问题。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的技术问题，本发明提供一种结构简单、高效、方便、实用、经济、安全的可视靶向采集呼吸道传染性疾病疑似患者或患者唾液、飞沫和气溶胶病原体为检测样本的口鼻罩，填补无商业化可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒检测样本的工具与方法，解决现有新型冠状病病原体采集口鼻罩结构复杂、制备成本高、采集面积巨大，采集点随机性高、操作困难、普适性差、不利于推广，且无可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示功能等缺陷。实现新型冠状病毒病原体样本采集时，被采集人与医护人员的分离，降低被感染的风险，同时提高样本的采集效率、降低假阴性率。
基于上述目的，本发明提供了一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，所述口鼻罩包括耳挂和口鼻罩体，所述口鼻罩体最外层为防污层，最内层为亲肤层，中间层包括可视化病原体靶向采集层或/和过滤层；
所述可视化病原体靶向采集层中包含可变色材料。
进一步的，所述口鼻罩体为三层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
进一步的，所述口鼻罩体为四层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、过滤层、可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
进一步的，所述口鼻罩体为五层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、第一可视化病原体靶向采集层、过滤层、第二可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
进一步的，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层具有微孔结构，所述微孔结构的尺寸小于100nm。
进一步的，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层中的可变色材料包括：
水致变色油墨、吲哚并噁唑啉及其衍生物染料，聚二乙炔(PDA)、1,8-萘酰亚胺及其衍生物染料、全无机铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶体中的一种或多种。
所述上述可变色材料为光致变色、水致变色或CO2介导的酸致变色无毒材料具有对唾液、飞沫和气溶胶中H2O，以及呼气中CO2高度灵敏的响应能力，具有随吸水量或呼气量的增加颜色变化逐渐加深或发生色彩变化。从而一方面能够显示唾液、飞沫和气溶胶病原体吸附的位置，使得新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩具有可视化靶向采集功能，大大缩小采集面积，提高现有新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩的采集准确性，提高采集效率、降低假阴性率；另一方面，随佩戴时间的延长，颜色变化的逐渐加深或色彩的变化，使得新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩具有可视化警示功能，通过内外表面的颜色变化情况，能够提醒佩戴者及时更换新口鼻罩或远离高危人群，以免增加新型冠状病毒传播的几率。
进一步的，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层通过丝网印刷法将可变色材料印染在纤维织物上。
进一步的，所述纤维织物为木质纤维布、无纺布或聚丙烯喷绒布。
进一步的，所述口鼻罩体还包括鼻梁筋，所述鼻梁筋设置在口鼻罩体上沿居中位置，由可弯折的可塑性材料制成。
进一步的，所述防污层和亲肤层为无纺布，所述过滤层为过滤防菌率为99.999％以上的熔喷布。
本发明的上述方案有如下的有益效果：
(1)本发明可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩通过在病原体采集层设置有可变色材料，该材料具有随吸水量或呼气量的增加颜色变化逐渐加深或发生色彩变化，能够显示唾液、飞沫和气溶胶病原体吸附的位置，使得新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩具有可视化靶向采集功能，大大缩小采集面积，提高现有新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩的采集准确性，提高采集效率、降低假阴性率。
(2)本发明具有单面或双面警示功能，随佩戴时间的延长，颜色变化的逐渐加深或色彩的变化，使得新型冠状病毒病原体采集口鼻罩具有可视化提醒功能，通过内外表面的颜色变化情况，能够提醒佩戴者及时更换新口鼻罩或远离高危人群，以免增加新型冠状病毒传播的几率。
(3)本发明可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本口鼻罩结构简单，制作成本低，适用于大规模生产与推广。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明实施例提供的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本口鼻罩的结构示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的三层结构的口鼻罩体剖面结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的四层结构的口鼻罩体剖面结构示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提供的五层结构的口鼻罩体剖面结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提供的可视化病原体采集层的结构示意图。
图中标注分别为：1、口鼻罩体；2、鼻梁筋；3、耳挂；4、亲肤层；5、可视化病原体采集层；6、过滤层；7、防污层；8、可变色材料；9、纤维织物。
具体实施方式
为使本发明要解决的技术问题、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体实施例。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解含义相同。本文中所使用的专业术语只是为了描述具体实施例的目的，并不是旨在限制本发明的保护范围。
除非另有特别说明，本发明中用到的各种原材料、试剂、仪器和设备等均可通过市场购买得到或者可通过现有方法制备得到。
实施例1
如图1、2、5所示，本发明所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩由耳挂、鼻梁筋和口鼻罩体组成。耳挂分别位于口鼻罩体两侧，由弹性材料制成。鼻梁筋位于口鼻罩体上沿居中位置，由可弯折的可塑性材料制成，长度8.5-10cm。口鼻罩体外侧的防污层和内侧亲肤层为无纺布，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将水致变色油印染在熔喷布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物，并按照防污层、耳挂、鼻梁筋、可视化靶向病原体采集层和亲肤层叠加后，通过超声波焊接成一整体，即得可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例2
如图1、3、5所示，本发明所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样 本和可视警示的口鼻罩由耳挂、鼻梁筋和口鼻罩体组成。耳挂分别位于口鼻罩体两侧，由弹性材料制成。鼻梁筋位于口鼻罩体上沿居中位置，由可弯折的可塑性材料制成，长度8.5-10cm。口鼻罩体外侧的防污层和内侧亲肤层为无纺布，过滤层起过滤防菌达99.999％以上的熔喷布，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色、水致变色和酸致变色能力的吲哚并噁唑啉及其衍生物染料印染在熔喷布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物，按防污层、过滤层、耳挂、鼻梁筋、可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层叠加后，通过超声波焊接成一整体，即得可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例3
如1、4、5所示，本发明所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩由耳挂、鼻梁筋和口鼻罩体组成。耳挂分别位于口鼻罩体两侧，由弹性材料制成。鼻梁筋位于口鼻罩体上沿居中位置，由可弯折的可塑性材料制成，长度8.5-10cm。口鼻罩体外侧的防污层和内侧亲肤层为无纺布，过滤层起过滤防菌达99.999％以上的熔喷布，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色和水致变色能力的PDA染料印染在熔喷布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物，按防污层、第一可视化病原体靶向采集层、过滤层、耳挂、鼻梁筋、第二可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层叠加后，通过超声波焊接成一整体，即得可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例4
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有水致变色能力的1,8-萘酰亚胺及其衍生物染料印染在熔喷布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例5
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色和水致变色能力的含全无机铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶体胶体印染在熔喷布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例6
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将水致变色油印染在木质纤维上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例7
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有水致变色能力的1,8-萘酰亚胺及其衍生物染料印染在木质纤维布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例8
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色、水致变色和酸致变色能力的吲哚并噁唑啉及其衍生物染料印染在木质纤维布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例9
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色和水致变色能力的PDA染料印染在木质纤维布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例10
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具 有光致变色和水致变色能力的含全无机铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶体胶体印染在木质纤维上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例11
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色、水致变色和酸致变色能力的吲哚并噁唑啉及其衍生物染料印染在无纺布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例12
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将水致变色油印染在无纺布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视 靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例13
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有水致变色能力的1,8-萘酰亚胺及其衍生物染料印染在无纺布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例14
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色和水致变色能力的PDA染料印染在无纺布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
实施例15
如图1-5所示，可视化靶向病原体采集层为通过丝网印刷法将具有光致变色和水致变色能力的含全无机铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶体胶体印染在无纺布上形成的具有直径或间隔在100nm或以下的微孔结构的织物。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例1获得三层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例2获得四层结构的视 靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和单面可视警示的口鼻罩。
其他结构、材料选择和制备方法按照实施例3获得五层结构的视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和双面可视警示的口鼻罩。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下，还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，所述口鼻罩包括耳挂和口鼻罩体，其特征在于，所述口鼻罩体最外层为防污层，最内层为亲肤层，中间层包括可视化病原体靶向采集层或/和过滤层；
    所述可视化病原体靶向采集层中包含可变色材料。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述口鼻罩体为三层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述口鼻罩体为四层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、过滤层、可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述口鼻罩体为五层结构，由外向内依次为防污层、第一可视化病原体靶向采集层、过滤层、第二可视化病原体靶向采集层和亲肤层。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层具有微孔结构，所述微孔结构的尺寸小于100nm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层中的可变色材料包括：
    水致变色油墨、吲哚并噁唑啉及其衍生物染料，聚二乙炔、1,8-萘酰亚胺及其衍生物染料、全无机铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶体中的一种或多种。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述可视化病原体靶向采集层通过丝网印刷法将可变色材料印染在纤维织物上。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可 视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述纤维织物为木质纤维布、无纺布或聚丙烯喷绒布。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述口鼻罩体还包括鼻梁筋，所述鼻梁筋设置在口鼻罩体上沿居中位置，由可弯折的可塑性材料制成。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的可视靶向采集新型冠状病毒样本和可视警示的口鼻罩，其特征在于，所述防污层和亲肤层为无纺布，所述过滤层为过滤防菌率为99.999％以上的熔喷布。
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