WO2023026578A1 - 変圧器の診断システム - Google Patents
変圧器の診断システム Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023026578A1 WO2023026578A1 PCT/JP2022/017216 JP2022017216W WO2023026578A1 WO 2023026578 A1 WO2023026578 A1 WO 2023026578A1 JP 2022017216 W JP2022017216 W JP 2022017216W WO 2023026578 A1 WO2023026578 A1 WO 2023026578A1
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- Prior art keywords
- transformer
- temperature
- diagnostic system
- oil
- winding
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010801 machine learning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
- H01F27/10—Liquid cooling
- H01F27/12—Oil cooling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/62—Testing of transformers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/32—Insulating of coils, windings, or parts thereof
- H01F27/324—Insulation between coil and core, between different winding sections, around the coil; Other insulation structures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
- H01F2027/404—Protective devices specially adapted for fluid filled transformers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/40—Structural association with built-in electric component, e.g. fuse
- H01F27/402—Association of measuring or protective means
- H01F2027/406—Temperature sensor or protection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a diagnostic system for transformers.
- Patent Document 1 estimates the degree of polymerization from the temperature sensor and moisture content at the bottom.
- Patent document 2 monitors without taking in the load factor or other temperature information by the upper and lower temperature sensors.
- Patent Literature 3 diagnoses deterioration based on temperature rise.
- JP 2019-102694 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-283240 JP 2006-24800
- Patent document 3 diagnoses abnormalities centered on temperature rise, but the parameters that determine the life of a transformer are the deterioration of insulating paper, the deterioration of insulating oil, the presence or absence of discharge, and other factors. Diagnosis should also be considered. However, Patent Document 3 does not consider such a highly accurate diagnosis.
- Patent Document 1 Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3 are not sufficient for diagnosing the life of a transformer with high accuracy.
- the purpose of the present invention is to provide a transformer diagnostic system that enables highly accurate diagnosis.
- An example of the invention is a diagnostic system for a transformer having insulating oil and windings, comprising: a detection unit that detects the temperature and hydrogen of the upper and lower portions of the insulating oil;
- the diagnostic system for the transformer has a calculation unit for determining abnormality based on the detection value from the detection unit.
- a diagnostic system for transformers capable of highly accurate diagnosis can be realized.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram for explaining a transformer and a diagnostic system in Example 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between winding temperature and oil temperature in Example 1.
- FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram illustrating a transformer and a diagnostic system in Example 2;
- Fig. 1 is a configuration diagram explaining the transformer and the diagnostic system in the first embodiment.
- the transformer 1 includes an iron core, windings attached to the iron core and insulated by insulating paper (winding insulation paper), and insulating oil for immersing the windings and the iron core. It is a vessel.
- the hydrogen detection unit 2 detects the hydrogen gas component based on the data from the sensor that detects the hydrogen gas component in the insulating oil in the lower part of the transformer 1. Here, it is also a detection unit that also detects the temperature in the lower part of the insulating oil of the transformer 1 .
- a detection unit for detecting hydrogen and a temperature detection unit for detecting the temperature in the lower part of the transformer 1 may be separate sensors.
- the temperature detection unit 3 detects the temperature based on data from a temperature sensor (such as a resistance temperature detector) that detects the temperature in the upper part of the insulating oil of the transformer 1 .
- a temperature sensor such as a resistance temperature detector
- the current detection unit 4 detects the load current (secondary current) flowing through the load.
- the converter 6 converts the detection data from the hydrogen detection unit 2, the temperature detection unit 3, and the current detection unit 4 for processing by a PC (personal computer) 7 for calculation.
- the calculation PC 7 (calculation unit) is a computer device that includes a processor (processing device) such as a CPU, a main memory, a storage device, a communication device, and the like, and processes various types of information.
- a processor (processing device) of the calculation PC 7 executes calculations to be described later, and diagnoses abnormality determination and life prediction of the transformer.
- the diagnostic system for the transformer of this embodiment includes a temperature detection unit 2 that detects the temperature of hydrogen and insulating oil at the bottom, a detection unit 3 that detects the temperature of the top of the insulating oil, and a load current (secondary current) flowing through the load. , an insulating paper pocket 5 for collecting an insulating paper sample, a converter 6 for data conversion, and an arithmetic PC 7 for performing abnormality diagnosis and life prediction of the transformer.
- the diagnostic system for the transformer of this embodiment measures the winding maximum temperature at the load factor, the upper oil temperature, and the lower oil temperature, and the computer PC 7 acquires the temperature history information by wire or wirelessly. At the same time, the computing PC 7 acquires the information of the hydrogen sensor and diagnoses abnormality from its behavior.
- a load factor can be calculated from the load current from the current detection unit 4 .
- the current to be detected is not limited to the load current, and the load current may be detected from the current on the primary side of the transformer.
- the winding highest point temperature ⁇ H is defined by the following formula 1 (Transformer Reliability Investigation Special Committee “Oil-filled Transformer Operation Guidelines” The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Technical Report (Part 1) No. 143 November 1986 P.1-2).
- Equation 1 the parameters that can be directly measured are ⁇ a and K, and the parameters unique to the transformer that can be specified at the time of shipment are ⁇ 0N, R, m, and n. Therefore, the unknown value is ⁇ gN, and this estimation technique has been variously defined.
- the parameters resulting from them can be analyzed, and in addition to the estimation by machine learning, the maximum temperature of the winding can be estimated with high accuracy.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the winding temperature and the insulating oil temperature in the first embodiment.
- the vertical axis of FIG. 2 indicates the height of the windings of the transformer 1 and the horizontal axis indicates the temperature rise of the transformer 1 .
- the part surrounded by a solid line indicates the part where the temperature is actually measured.
- a portion surrounded by a dotted line indicates a portion where the temperature is calculated from the actually measured temperature.
- the average winding temperature in Fig. 2 can be measured by conducting a temperature test before the transformer is put into operation.
- the upper oil temperature (maximum oil temperature) and the lower (bottom) oil temperature can be measured respectively from the upper insulating oil temperature detection section and the lower insulating oil temperature detection section during operation of the transformer.
- the processing unit of the computing PC 7 calculates the average oil temperature from the actually measured upper and lower (bottom) oil temperatures and the known winding height, Calculate the "average temperature difference between windings and oil” ⁇ wo from the difference between Then, the processing unit of the calculation PC 7 calculates the "average upper winding temperature” from the actually measured upper oil temperature (maximum oil temperature) and the “average temperature difference between the winding and the oil” ⁇ wo. From the temperatures actually measured in this way, the "average winding top temperature" can be calculated. From information such as the "average upper winding temperature” and the actually measured upper oil temperature (maximum oil temperature), the processor of the computing PC 7 can accurately estimate the highest temperature of the winding.
- the maximum oil temperature of the transformer and the winding average temperature were usually measured, but the difference between the maximum oil temperature and the winding maximum temperature was defined as 15°C. If the type or design of the oil is different, the slope of the winding temperature rise and the slope of the oil temperature rise will change, and there will be cases where these values cannot be applied as they are.
- the processor of the computing PC 7 of this embodiment measures the oil temperature at two points, the upper part and the lower part, calculates the average oil temperature from the information on the height of the winding, and calculates the average temperature of the winding obtained by actual measurement.
- ⁇ gN which is the “difference between the maximum winding point temperature and the maximum oil temperature at rated load” mentioned above, can be defined based on actual measurement instead of being constant at 15°C.
- the processing unit of the computing PC 7 of the present embodiment has a maximum oil temperature and a maximum winding point temperature according to changes in the gradient of the winding temperature rise and the gradient of the oil temperature rise when the type and design of the oil are different.
- the difference ⁇ gN can be calculated.
- the maximum winding point temperature ⁇ H can be calculated from Equation (1) with higher accuracy.
- the processing device of the computing PC 7 of the present embodiment includes information on various parameters (oil type, capacity, winding height, number of cooling ducts, wire cross-sectional area, wire shape, loss, etc.) determined at the time of design, and actual measurement. Based on information such as the upper and lower (bottom) oil temperatures and the average winding temperature, machine learning is performed using multiple regression curves to estimate the maximum temperature of the winding. By reflecting the estimated maximum winding point temperature in the new design, it is possible to accurately predict the service life at the design stage.
- various parameters oil type, capacity, winding height, number of cooling ducts, wire cross-sectional area, wire shape, loss, etc.
- the processor of the computing PC 7 of this embodiment predicts the life of the transformer.
- the service life of a transformer is defined by the deterioration of the insulating paper, and according to the Arrhenius law, it can be approximated by Montsinger's formula within the temperature range of 80°C to 150°C. can be derived.
- Y0 Service life (25 to 30 years) under continuous operation at maximum temperature of 95°C
- Y Life when operated continuously at maximum temperature
- ⁇ Maximum temperature ⁇ (can be defined by winding maximum temperature ⁇ H)
- Equation 2 makes it possible to estimate the remaining life of the transformer from information on the heat history actually used.
- an insulating paper sample is collected from the insulating paper pocket 5 attached to the top of the transformer 1 and analyzed to measure the average degree of polymerization.
- the measured average degree of polymerization is used as the corrected formula 2, and the processor of the calculation PC 7 of the present embodiment executes the estimation calculation according to the corrected formula. In this way, it is possible to perform double monitoring by online monitoring and offline monitoring. With such a configuration, a more reliable diagnostic system can be configured.
- a hydrogen detection unit 2 is provided under the tank of the transformer 1 so that a serious accident will not occur if a sudden abnormality such as local heating is overlooked and left unattended.
- the processor of the computing PC 7 diagnoses that the transformer is abnormal by determining that the hydrogen component obtained from the hydrogen detector 2 exceeds a predetermined value (threshold value).
- Hydrogen is the cause of all abnormal phenomena, and it also exerts its effect on discharge, heating, and deterioration of insulating paper. Deterioration of insulating paper is sometimes substituted by water content in oil, but in this case, if the temperature at the time of sampling changes, the saturated water content in the oil will change, and the precipitated water will move to the insulating paper. There is a risk of misinterpreting the measurement results. On the other hand, in the case of gaseous hydrogen, although there is a change in solubility due to a change in temperature, the change is several times smaller than the amount of water, so the analysis accuracy is greatly improved.
- the detection data of the transformer described above is taken into the calculation PC 7 through the converter 6, and by performing various calculations, the abnormality determination and remaining life diagnosis of the transformer are executed.
- Fig. 3 is a configuration diagram explaining the transformer and the diagnostic system in the second embodiment.
- the computing PC 7 of the first embodiment is not required, and the first wireless communication device 9 is used.
- the data server 10 via the second wireless communication device 11 can perform diagnosis of abnormality determination and life prediction of the transformer.
- the data server 10 can store detection data such as the temperature of the upper and lower portions of the insulating oil, hydrogen, load current, and the like.
- the touch panel 8 acquires detection data such as the temperature of the upper and lower portions of the insulating oil, hydrogen, load current, etc. via the converter 6 .
- the user can monitor these detection data using the touch panel 8 .
- the first wireless communication device 9 and the second wireless communication device 11 communicate data between the touch panel 8 and the data server 10 .
- the data server 10 Based on the detection data from the transformer 1 acquired from the second wireless communication device 11, the data server 10 performs abnormality determination and remaining life diagnosis of the transformer in the same manner as the computing PC 7 of the first embodiment.
- detection data of a plurality of transformers can be stored in the data server 10, and diagnosis of each transformer can be centrally managed.
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
特許文献2は、上下の温度センサにより負荷率や他の温度情報を取り込まずに監視する。
特許文献3は、温度上昇により劣化診断を行っている。
前記絶縁油の上部と下部の温度および水素を検出する検出部と、
前記検出部からの検出値に基づいて、異常を判定する演算部とを有する変圧器の診断システムである。
θ H :巻線最高点温度(℃)
θ a :周囲温度(℃)(冷却空気または冷却水温度)
θ 0 N:定格負荷時の最高油温上昇(K)
θ g N:定格負荷時の巻線最高点温度と最高油温の差(K)
K:実負荷Pの定格負荷PNに対する比(ここでは負荷率)
R:定格負荷時の負荷損と無負荷損の比(ここではR=Wc(負荷損)/Wi(無負荷損))
m:冷却方式により定まる定数
n:冷却方式により定まる定数
図2の縦軸は、変圧器1の巻線の高さを示し、横軸は変圧器1の温度上昇を示す。
Y0:最高点温度95℃で連続運転した場合の寿命(25~30年)
Y:最高点温度θで連続運転した場合の寿命
θ:最高点温度θ(巻線最高点温度θHで定義できる)
Claims (9)
- 絶縁油と、巻線とを有する変圧器の診断システムであって、
前記絶縁油の上部と下部の温度および水素を検出する検出部と、
前記検出部からの検出値に基づいて、異常を判定する演算部とを有する変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項1に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
前記巻線に流れる負荷電流を検出する電流検出部を有し、
前記演算部は、検出した負荷電流値から負荷率を演算する変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項1に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
水素と下部の油温の温度は同じ検出部であり
前記演算部は、
検出した水素の量が、定めておいた閾値を超えると、異常と判定する変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項1に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
前記演算部は、
前記上部と前記下部の前記絶縁油の温度から平均油温を算出し、
平均巻線温度と前記平均油温から前記巻線と前記絶縁油の平均温度差を算出し、
前記平均温度差と前記上部の絶縁油温度から巻線上部平均温度を算出する変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項4に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
前記演算部は、
巻線最高点温度を算出し、
算出した巻線最高点温度から寿命推定をする変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項4に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
前記演算部は、
設計の際に定めるパラメータから巻線最高点温度を推定する変圧器の診断システム。 - 請求項1に記載の変圧器の診断システムにおいて、
絶縁紙ポケットを有し、
前記絶縁紙ポケットから採取された絶縁紙を分析した結果に基づいて、前記演算部は、寿命推定する変圧器の診断システム。 - 鉄心と、鉄心に装着され、絶縁紙により絶縁された巻線と、巻線及び鉄心を浸漬する絶縁油とを備える変圧器であって、
請求項1に記載の変圧器の診断システムを有する変圧器。 - 絶縁油と、巻線とを有する変圧器の診断システムであって、
前記絶縁油の上部と下部の温度、および水素の検出データを通信する通信装置と、
前記通信装置から前記検出データを受け取るデータ処理部とを有し、
前記データ処理部は、
前記検出データに基づいて、異常であると診断する変圧器の診断システム。
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CN202280043863.XA CN117529787A (zh) | 2021-08-23 | 2022-04-07 | 变压器的诊断系统 |
US18/572,335 US20240288512A1 (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2022-04-07 | Transformer Diagnostics System |
EP22859546.8A EP4394815A1 (en) | 2021-08-23 | 2022-04-07 | Diagnostic system for transformer |
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JPS5818909A (ja) * | 1981-07-27 | 1983-02-03 | Shikoku Electric Power Co Inc | 油入電気機器の自動異常診断装置 |
JPH05283240A (ja) | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-29 | Toshiba Corp | 油入変圧器 |
JPH07297038A (ja) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-11-10 | Hitachi Ltd | 電気機器の内部異常検出装置及び内部異常検出方法 |
JP2003289008A (ja) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-10 | Daihen Corp | 油入変圧器の劣化診断装置 |
JP2005073478A (ja) * | 2003-08-28 | 2005-03-17 | Tm T & D Kk | 機器監視装置及び機器監視システム |
JP2006024800A (ja) | 2004-07-09 | 2006-01-26 | Aichi Electric Co Ltd | 油入変圧器の余寿命・異常診断システム |
JP2011171413A (ja) * | 2010-02-17 | 2011-09-01 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | 油入電気機器の寿命診断装置、油入電気機器の寿命診断方法、油入電気機器の劣化抑制装置、および油入電気機器の劣化抑制方法 |
JP2019102694A (ja) | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | 株式会社東光高岳 | 変圧器の診断システム、変圧器の診断方法、及び変圧器 |
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- 2021-08-23 JP JP2021135779A patent/JP7518046B2/ja active Active
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- 2022-04-07 EP EP22859546.8A patent/EP4394815A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-07 WO PCT/JP2022/017216 patent/WO2023026578A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-04-07 US US18/572,335 patent/US20240288512A1/en active Pending
- 2022-04-07 CN CN202280043863.XA patent/CN117529787A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
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JPS5818909A (ja) * | 1981-07-27 | 1983-02-03 | Shikoku Electric Power Co Inc | 油入電気機器の自動異常診断装置 |
JPH05283240A (ja) | 1992-04-01 | 1993-10-29 | Toshiba Corp | 油入変圧器 |
JPH07297038A (ja) * | 1994-04-20 | 1995-11-10 | Hitachi Ltd | 電気機器の内部異常検出装置及び内部異常検出方法 |
JP2003289008A (ja) * | 2002-03-28 | 2003-10-10 | Daihen Corp | 油入変圧器の劣化診断装置 |
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JP2019102694A (ja) | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-24 | 株式会社東光高岳 | 変圧器の診断システム、変圧器の診断方法、及び変圧器 |
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CN117529787A (zh) | 2024-02-06 |
EP4394815A1 (en) | 2024-07-03 |
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