WO2023020131A1 - 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法 - Google Patents

蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023020131A1
WO2023020131A1 PCT/CN2022/103137 CN2022103137W WO2023020131A1 WO 2023020131 A1 WO2023020131 A1 WO 2023020131A1 CN 2022103137 W CN2022103137 W CN 2022103137W WO 2023020131 A1 WO2023020131 A1 WO 2023020131A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
steam
heat
storage tank
water
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/103137
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周现荣
江才俊
周苑青
叶小斌
Original Assignee
深圳中广核工程设计有限公司
中广核工程有限公司
中国广核集团有限公司
中国广核电力股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司, 中广核工程有限公司, 中国广核集团有限公司, 中国广核电力股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司
Publication of WO2023020131A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023020131A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/006—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method using solar heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
    • F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
    • F22B33/185—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus in combination with a steam accumulator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B35/00—Control systems for steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
    • F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
    • F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
    • F22G5/123—Water injection apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of photothermal energy, in particular to a stable steam supply system and a stable steam supply method.
  • the heat storage of heat transfer oil is mainly suitable for occasions where the heat absorption is about 400 ° C.
  • the sunlight is focused to the heat collecting tube through a trough or Fresnel type condenser, and the heat transfer oil in the heating tube is heated. After the heat transfer oil is heated, part of it is used to heat the steam generator. The water in the water generates steam for power generation or other purposes, and part of the heat transfer oil is stored to release heat energy when needed.
  • the advantage of heat storage equipment is that it can operate under normal pressure.
  • Molten salt heat storage is mainly suitable for occasions where the heat absorption temperature is 500°C-600°C.
  • the sunlight is focused on the heat collection tower through the mirror field heliostat, and the liquid molten salt in the heat collection tower is heated. After the molten salt is heated, part of it is used for heating
  • the water in the steam generator generates steam for power generation or other purposes, and part of it is stored to release heat energy when needed.
  • the advantage of heat storage equipment is that it can operate under normal pressure.
  • Heat transfer oil is expensive, flammable, easy to pyrolyze and coke, and has certain toxicity; cold oil and hot oil storage tanks, anti-condensation systems, and heat transfer oil regeneration systems need to be installed. There are many equipments, complex systems, and high initial investment;
  • the specific heat of molten salt is low, the demand for molten salt is large, the cost is high, and the high crystallization temperature is easy to solidify and block equipment and pipelines. Once blocked, it is difficult to unblock; it is necessary to set up cold salt and hot salt storage tanks, anti-condensation systems, etc., and there are many equipments , the system is complex and the initial investment is high.
  • An oil-water heat exchanger/salt water heat exchanger needs to be installed, and the heat exchange medium needs to be isolated through pipelines, so there is a difference in the heat exchange end and the heat exchange efficiency is low.
  • the parameters of industrial steam are generally 0.8MPa.g and 180°C.
  • the molten salt heat storage is solid at this temperature and cannot work; the heat transfer oil can work in this temperature range, but there are large horses and small carts, and the cost performance is low.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a stable steam supply system and method for stably providing steam to heat users.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is to provide a stable steam supply system, including a solar heat collection tower, a temperature and pressure reducer, a steam heat storage tank, a first steam pipeline, and a first heat metering device;
  • the first heat metering device is arranged at the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower to detect the steam output of the solar heat collection tower;
  • the first steam pipe is connected between the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower and the temperature and pressure reducer, and is used to transport part or all of the steam output from the solar heat collection tower to the temperature and pressure reducer.
  • the steam heat storage tank is connected in parallel with the first steam pipe and connected between the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower and the temperature and pressure reducer, for the steam from the solar heat collection tower heat energy is stored and the steam generated by the flash evaporation of the stored water is delivered to the desuperheater;
  • the temperature and pressure reducer is connected to the heat user end, and supplies the steam to the heat user end after temperature reduction and pressure reduction.
  • the stable steam supply system further includes a second steam pipeline and a third steam pipeline;
  • the second steam pipeline is connected between the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower and the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank;
  • the third steam pipeline is connected between the steam outlet of the steam heat storage tank and the steam heat storage tank. between the inlets of the desuperheater and pressure reducer;
  • the first steam pipeline, the second steam pipeline and the third steam pipeline are respectively provided with steam switching valves.
  • the steam stable supply system further includes a water replenishment unit for replenishing desalted water to the steam heat storage tank;
  • the water supply unit includes a water supply pump and a water supply pipeline connected between the water supply pump and the water supply port of the steam heat storage tank; the water supply pipeline is provided with a water supply valve and a check valve.
  • the temperature and pressure reducer is a water spraying temperature and pressure reducer.
  • the water replenishment unit further includes a water spray pipe connected between the desuperheater and the water replenishment pipe.
  • the stable steam supply system further includes a condensed water storage tank, a water replenishment header, and a return pump connected between the condensed water storage tank and the water replenishment header;
  • the condensed water storage tank is connected to the hot user end, collects and stores the condensed water generated by the hot user end, and transports it to the make-up water header through the return water pump.
  • the drain port of the steam heat storage tank is connected to the make-up water header through a drain pipe.
  • the steam heat storage tank is provided with a safety valve and a vacuum breaking valve.
  • the steam stable supply system further includes a second heat metering device; the second heat metering device is arranged between the desuperheater and the heat user end, and detects the amount of steam supplied to the heat user end.
  • the steam stable supply system also includes a fixed-discharge storage tank, a fixed-discharge pipeline connected between the fixed-discharge storage tank and the sewage outlet of the steam heat storage tank; the fixed-discharge pipeline is provided with a control Its on-off switch valve.
  • the present invention also provides a stable steam supply method, comprising the following steps:
  • the main control system compares the obtained steam output of the solar heat collection tower with the steam required by the heat user; when the steam output of the solar heat collection tower meets the steam required by the heat user, execute S2; when the steam output of the solar heat collection tower does not meet the steam volume required by the heat user and is higher than 0.1t/h, execute S3; when the steam output of the solar heat collection tower is lower than 0.1t /h, execute S4;
  • step S2 further includes:
  • the solar heat collection tower is connected with the steam heat storage tank, the excess steam is transported into the steam heat storage tank, and the water in the steam heat storage tank is heated to store the excess steam heat energy.
  • the steam heat storage tank is connected to the solar heat collection tower, which has functions such as heat exchange, heat storage, and heat release, simplifies the stable steam supply system where it is located, and satisfies high-efficiency heat exchange, long-term heat storage, and sustainable stability Supply steam requirements to meet the needs of industrial production.
  • the invention is used in the field of photothermal production of industrial steam.
  • the steam heat storage tank is used to store heat and supply steam, realize continuous and stable supply of steam, and promote the rapid popularization and application of photothermal production of industrial steam.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of a steam stable supply system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the stable steam supply system of an embodiment of the present invention includes a solar collector tower 10, a temperature and pressure reducer 30, a steam heat storage tank 20, a first steam pipeline 41, a first heat metering device 51 and Second heat metering device 52 .
  • the solar heat collection tower 10 is used as a device for producing industrial steam by using light and heat, and the steam produced by it is supplied to the heat user terminal 100 to realize energy conversion and use.
  • the first heat metering device 51 is arranged at the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower 10, detects the steam output of the solar heat collection tower 10, and can also send the information of the detected steam output to the main control system (such as the DCS master control).
  • the temperature and pressure reducer 30 is connected to the heat user end 100, reduces the temperature and pressure of the steam entering it, and then supplies the reduced temperature and pressure pressure steam to the heat user end.
  • the first steam pipeline 41 is connected between the steam outlet port of the solar heat collection tower 10 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30 , and is used to transport part or all of the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 to the temperature and pressure reducer 30 .
  • the steam thermal storage tank 20 is provided with at least one, and it is connected in parallel with the first steam pipe 41 and is connected between the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower 10 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30, and is used for taking the steam from the solar heat collection tower 10
  • the steam heat energy is stored in saturated hot water, and the steam generated by the flash evaporation of the stored water is sent to the desuperheater 30 .
  • the second heat metering device 52 is arranged between the temperature reducer 30 and the heat user end 100, and detects the amount of steam supplied to the heat user end 100; in addition, it can also have an accumulation function, which can accumulate the amount of steam.
  • the second heat metering device 52 can also send the detected steam quantity information to the main control system (such as DCS main control).
  • the parallel arrangement of the steam heat storage tank 20 and the first steam pipeline 41 makes it possible to supply the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 to the heat user terminal 100 through the first steam pipeline 41 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30 according to the actual situation, Alternatively, the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 is stored in thermal energy through the steam heat storage tank 20 , and then the steam is supplied through the steam heat storage tank 20 .
  • a steam inlet and a steam outlet are provided on the upper end or the top of the steam thermal storage tank 20 , respectively for the steam from the solar heat collection tower 10 to enter therein and to output the steam generated by flash evaporation.
  • the bottom of the steam heat storage tank 20 is provided with a sewage outlet and a drain outlet, the sewage outlet is used to discharge the high-concentration saline solution inside the steam heat storage tank 20, and the drain port is used for draining water to adjust the liquid level in the steam heat storage tank 20 or to clean drainage etc.
  • at least one safety valve 21 and a vacuum breaker valve 24 may be further provided on the steam heat storage tank 20.
  • the safety valve 21 is used for exhausting pressure when the pressure in the steam heat storage tank 20 is too high, and the vacuum breaker valve 24 is used for The internal negative pressure problem of the steam heat storage tank 20 is eliminated after the temperature in the steam heat storage tank 20 is lowered after the outage.
  • the stable steam supply system of the present invention further includes a second steam pipeline 42 and a third steam pipeline 43 .
  • the second steam pipe 42 is connected between the steam outlet end of the solar heat collection tower 10 and the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20, so that the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 enters the steam heat storage tank 20 through the second steam pipe 42 Inside.
  • the third steam pipe 43 is connected between the steam outlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 and the inlet of the temperature and pressure reducer 30, so that the saturated liquid heated by steam in the steam heat storage tank 20 passes through the third steam
  • the pipeline 43 is sent to the desuperheater 30 .
  • the first steam pipeline 41 , the second steam pipeline 42 and the third steam pipeline 43 are respectively provided with steam on-off valves 411 , 421 , 431 , which are respectively used for the channels and openings of the pipelines.
  • the steam on-off valves 411, 421, 431 are also respectively connected to the main control system, so that the steam on-off valves 411, 421, 431 can be controlled by the main control system to realize remote operation.
  • the steam switching valves 411, 421, 431 are further optional but not limited to electric shut-off valves.
  • the present invention is also equipped with an on-site PLC control cabinet corresponding to the steam heat storage tank 20, which is convenient for the operator to operate and monitor the steam heat storage tank 20 during inspection.
  • Two or more steam heat storage tanks 20 are preferably provided.
  • each steam thermal storage tank 20 is connected to the solar thermal collector through the second steam pipeline 42 and the third steam pipeline 43. Between the tower 10 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30.
  • the steam heat storage tank 20 uses a hybrid heat exchanger, and the high-temperature steam from the solar heat collection tower 10 enters the hybrid heat exchanger and directly mixes with the internal water for sufficient heat and mass transfer, so that the internal water High temperature and high pressure saturated water is formed.
  • the hybrid heat exchanger also has the ability to store heat at high pressure.
  • the steam heat storage tank 20 may include a horizontal cylinder, at least one row of nozzles arranged in the horizontal cylinder, and the ends of the nozzles are connected to the steam inlet on the horizontal cylinder. And, in a horizontal cylinder, the nozzle is below the central axis.
  • the steam enters the steam heat storage tank 20
  • the steam is evenly sprayed downward from the nozzle into the water stored in the horizontal cylinder, and the process of heating the water to saturation is the process of heat exchange and heat storage.
  • the steam on-off valve 431 corresponding to the steam outlet because the back pressure is lower than the saturated water vapor pressure, the saturated water flashes instantly and releases a large amount of steam.
  • a steam-water separation device can be installed at the steam outlet to prevent liquid water from entering the pipeline and affecting the normal operation of the system.
  • one steam heat storage tank 20 When receiving the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 for energy storage, one steam heat storage tank 20 is firstly stored, and then another steam heat storage tank 20 is stored. When the steam heat storage tank 20 is required to provide flash steam for the hot user end 100, the steam heat storage tank 20 that is not fully storing heat is given priority to provide steam.
  • a liquid level monitoring device may also be provided on the steam heat storage tank 20 for monitoring the liquid level of desalted water in the tank.
  • an alarm is issued and corresponding measures are activated or an alarm is issued to remind the operator to take corresponding measures.
  • the steam heat storage tank 20 is also equipped with local pressure gauges and remote pressure gauges to detect and obtain pressure fluctuations in the steam heat storage tank 20 for judging heat storage and flashing processes based on the pressure of the steam heat storage tank 20 .
  • the pressure inside the steam heat storage tank 20 reaches 3.1Mpa.g, it means that the heat storage of the steam heat storage tank 20 ends; when the pressure drops to 0.9Mpa.g, it means that the flashing of the steam heat storage tank 20 ends; 3.25Mpa.g, if there is an abnormality in the safety valve 21 on the steam heat storage tank 20, the operating personnel can be further prompted to check whether the safety valve 21 is working normally.
  • the stable steam supply system of the present invention further includes a water supply unit for replenishing the steam heat storage tank 20 with demineralized water.
  • a water replenishment port is provided on the steam heat storage tank 20 ; the water replenishment unit may include a water replenishment pump 61 and a water replenishment pipeline 62 connected between the water replenishment pump 61 and the water replenishment port of the steam heat storage tank 20 .
  • the water supply port is provided with a control valve 63 to control the on-off of the water supply port.
  • the control valve 63 can also be connected with the main control system, so that remote operation can be realized through the control of the main control system.
  • the control valve 63 is further optional but not limited to an electric cut-off valve.
  • the water supply pipeline 62 is provided with a water supply valve 64 and a check valve 65, which are respectively used to control the on-off of the water supply pipeline 62 and prevent the desalinated water from flowing back.
  • the control valve at the water replenishment port of the steam heat storage tank 20 is in a closed state.
  • the supplementary water pump 61 is further connected to the supplementary water header 60, and the supplementary water header 60 serves as a water supply source for the supplementary water unit. Also be provided with the first valve 66 and the first filtering device 67 (such as straight-through strainer) on the connecting pipeline between the supplementary water pump 61 and the supplementary water header 60, the first valve 66 is used for controlling the supplementary water pump 61 and the supplementary water header 60 The first filtering device 67 is used to filter the water input into the supplementary water pump 61 to remove solid impurities and the like.
  • the replenishment water header 60 is also connected with the solar heat collection tower 10 through the water inlet pipe 11 , and also supplies water for the solar heat collection tower 10 .
  • the water inlet pipe 11 is provided with a valve 12, and also provided with a filter 13, a drive pump 14 and a check valve 15 arranged in sequence.
  • the water in the replenishment water header 60 flows through the filter 13 , the drive pump 14 , and the check valve 15 sequentially under the drive of the drive pump 14 , and enters the solar heat collection tower 10 .
  • the water inlet pipe 11 can also be connected to the outlet of the supplementary water pump 61 as a branch pipe, so that the supplementary water header 60 can supply water to the steam thermal storage tank 20 and the solar heat collection tower 10 through the same set of supplementary water unit.
  • the liquid level monitoring device sends a corresponding signal to the main control system , through the main control system to close the control valve 63 and the steam on-off valve 421 corresponding to the steam inlet on the steam heat storage tank 20 to stop water supply or steam entry.
  • the water is released until the tank The internal liquid level drops to the set liquid level.
  • the operation mode of discharging water after flash evaporation can reduce flash vibration during water discharge, reduce energy loss, and reduce the design pressure value of the drain pipe 22 connected to the drain outlet.
  • the liquid level monitoring device sends a corresponding signal to the main control system, and the main control system activates the water supply unit and opens the control valve 63, and the steam heat storage tank 20 (after the pressure in the tank is lower than the working pressure), replenish water until the liquid level in it reaches the set liquid level.
  • the steam heat storage tank 20 is in a flash state, water replenishment is performed after the flash evaporation is completed, which can reduce the head of the water replenishment pump 61 and reduce the investment cost and operating cost of the water replenishment pump 61 .
  • the temperature and pressure reducer 30 reduces the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature steam entering it, and outputs steam at the pressure and temperature required by the heat user end 100.
  • the output flow is adjusted, so as to finally provide steam with the required pressure, temperature and flow for the heat user end 100 .
  • One or two pressure reducers 30 can be provided. For the two settings, one is used as the main and the other is used as the backup, which improves the reliability of the system.
  • the inlet and outlet ends of the temperature and pressure reducer 30 are respectively provided with stop valves to control the opening and closing and the opening degree of the inlet and outlet ends.
  • the temperature and pressure reducer 30 is a water spraying temperature and pressure reducer 30 .
  • the water supply unit further includes a water spray pipeline 68 connected between the desuperheater 30 and the water supply pipeline 62 .
  • a control valve 69 is provided on the water spray pipe 68 for controlling the on-off of the water spray pipe 68 .
  • control valve 69 When the temperature and pressure reducer 30 is running, the control valve 69 is in an open state, and under the drive of the supplementary water pump 61, the water in the supplementary water header 60 passes through the supplementary water pipeline 62 and the water spray pipeline 68 successively, and is sent to the temperature and pressure reducer. within 30.
  • the control valve 69 can also be connected with the main control system, so that remote operation can be realized through the control of the main control system.
  • the control valve 69 is further optional but not limited to an electric shut-off valve.
  • the stable steam supply system of the present invention further includes a condensed water storage tank 70 , a water replenishment header 60 , and a return pump 80 connected between the condensed water storage tank 70 and the water replenishment header 60 .
  • the condensed water storage tank 70 is connected to the hot client 100 to collect and store the condensed water (atmospheric pressure steam condensed water, temperature about 90° C.) generated by the hot client 100 , and transport it to the make-up water header 60 through the return water pump 80 .
  • the water replenishment header 60 and the water replenishment header 60 connected to the water replenishment unit may be the same or belong to the same unit group.
  • Two recovery pumps 80 can be provided, one as main and one as backup, so as to improve system reliability.
  • the drain port of the steam heat storage tank 20 can be connected to the water supply header 60 through the drain pipe 22 . Therefore, the replenishing water header 60 is not only used to supply water for the solar heat collection tower 10, the steam heat storage tank 20 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30, but also used to collect the condensed water from the heat user terminal 100, so as to realize the recovery and recycling of the condensed water. use.
  • a control valve 23 is provided on the drain pipe 22 or at the drain outlet to control the on-off of the drain pipe 22 .
  • connection pipeline between the condensate storage tank 70 and the return water pump 80 is also provided with a second valve 71 and a second filter device (such as a straight-through filter) 72, and the second valve 71 is used to control the condensate storage tank 70 and the return water pump. 80, and the second filter device 72 is used to filter the water entering the return pump 80 to remove solid impurities and the like.
  • a second valve 71 is used to control the condensate storage tank 70 and the return water pump.
  • the second filter device 72 is used to filter the water entering the return pump 80 to remove solid impurities and the like.
  • a control valve 81 is also provided on the connecting pipe between the return water pump 80 and the replenishing water header 60 to control the on-off of the connecting pipe, and a check valve 82 is also provided to prevent the return of the condensed water transported in a waterproof manner.
  • a liquid level monitoring device may be provided on the condensate storage tank 70 , and the liquid level monitoring device may be connected with the second heat metering device 52 and the return water pump 80 respectively.
  • the return water pump 80 is started in chain to deliver the condensed water in the condensed water storage tank 70 to the replenishment water header 60 .
  • the chain return pump 80 stops pumping.
  • the amount of steam measured by the second heat metering device 52 is zero, the water return pump 80 is blocked and the pump remains out of operation.
  • the stable steam supply system of the present invention also includes a fixed discharge storage tank 90, which is connected between the fixed discharge storage tank 90 and the sewage outlet of the steam heat storage tank 20
  • the fixed row pipeline 91 The fixed discharge pipeline 91 is provided with a switch valve 92 to control its on-off.
  • the high-concentration salt solution in the steam heat storage tank 20 can be regularly discharged through the sewage outlet, and then discharged into the fixed-discharge storage tank 90 through the fixed-discharge pipeline 91; the fixed-discharge storage tank 90 then processes the collected high-concentration salt solution.
  • the fixed row storage tank 90 can be selected as a fixed row flash tank.
  • the stable steam supply system of the present invention is used to stably supply steam to the hot client 100, wherein the steam supply route and mode can be controlled by the main control system.
  • the stable steam supply method for realizing the above-mentioned stable supply of steam may specifically include the following steps:
  • the main control system compares the obtained steam output of the solar heat collection tower 10 with the steam required by the thermal user end 100 .
  • the steam output of the solar heat collection tower 10 is detected by the first heat metering device 51 and the corresponding information is sent to the main control system.
  • the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 is delivered to the temperature and pressure reducer 30, and then delivered to the heat user end 100 after temperature reduction and pressure reduction.
  • the steam after decompression and decompression has the pressure and temperature required by the hot user end 100 .
  • the flow of steam delivered to the heat user end 100 can be regulated through the cut-off valve at the outlet end of the desuperheater 30 .
  • step S2 also includes:
  • the solar heat collection tower 10 and the steam heat storage tank 20 are connected, the excess steam is transported into the steam heat storage tank 20, and the water in the steam heat storage tank 20 is heated to store excess steam heat energy.
  • the steam on-off valve 411 on the straight-through first steam pipeline 41 preferentially opens the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 with higher pressure, and adjusts the opening degree of the steam on-off valve 411 corresponding to the steam inlet so that the outlet flow rate of the temperature reducer 30 Maintain 2t/h until the pressure of the steam heat storage tank 20 reaches 3.1Mpa.g, and close the steam on-off valve 411 of the steam heat storage tank 20 .
  • step S3 the steam output from the solar heat collection tower 10 is delivered to a steam heat storage tank 20 for energy storage, and the steam heat storage tank 20 is used to communicate with the temperature and pressure reducer 30 to supply steam to the thermal user end 100 .
  • the steam storage with an opening pressure greater than 0.9Mpa For example, assuming that the amount of steam required by the thermal user end 100 is 2t/h, when the steam output of the solar heat collection tower 10 is greater than 0.1t/h and less than 1.9t/h, the steam storage with an opening pressure greater than 0.9Mpa.g
  • the steam inlet of the heat tank 20 closes the steam on-off valve 411 on the direct first steam pipeline 41 between the solar heat collection tower 10 and the temperature and pressure reducer 30, and stores heat through the above-mentioned steam with a pressure greater than 0.9Mpa.g
  • the tank 20 flashes heat and outputs steam to the temperature and pressure reducer 30 , and then supplies it to the user end 100 .
  • the pressures of the two steam heat storage tanks 20 are both greater than 0.9Mpa.g, the steam inlet and steam outlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 with the lower pressure are preferentially opened.
  • the water temperatures of the two steam heat storage tanks 20 are both lower than 180° C., a signal for the end of flash evaporation is sent.
  • step S4 disconnect the communication between the solar heat collection tower 10 and the steam heat storage tank 20, that is, close the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20; or keep the connection between the solar heat collection tower 10 and the steam heat storage tank 20
  • the disconnected state non-communication, that is, the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 remains closed.
  • the steam outlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 with a pressure greater than 0.9Mpa.g is opened , providing steam to the heat user terminal 100 through the steam heat storage tank 20 .
  • the steam thermal storage tank 20 flashes and releases heat until the water temperature is less than 180°C, open the steam outlet of another steam thermal storage tank 20 with a pressure greater than 0.9Mpa.
  • the steam outlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 less than 180°C.
  • the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 is closed, that is, the steam heat storage tank 20 does not need to be communicated with the solar heat collection tower 10.
  • the steam heat storage tank 20 with an opening pressure of less than 3.1Mpa. The outlet is closed until the pressure of the steam heat storage tank 20 reaches 3.1 Mpa.g, and the steam inlet of the steam heat storage tank 20 is closed.
  • the volume of the steam heat storage tank 20 is calculated and set according to the required running time of the thermal user terminal 100 and the required steam volume, so as to match the precise capacity of steam heat storage
  • the tank 20 meets the requirements of the heat client 100, and ensures that the system meets the requirements of high-efficiency heat exchange, long-term heat storage, and sustainable and stable supply of steam.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

一种蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法，蒸汽稳定供应系统包括太阳能集热塔（10）、减温减压器（30）、蒸汽蓄热罐（20）、第一蒸汽管道（41）及第一热计量装置（51）；第一热计量装置（51）设置在太阳能集热塔（10）的蒸汽出口端，检测太阳能集热塔（10）的蒸汽输出量；第一蒸汽管道（41）连接在太阳能集热塔（10）的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器（30）之间，用于将蒸汽输送至减温减压器（30）；蒸汽蓄热罐（20）与第一蒸汽管道（41）并联且连接在太阳能集热塔（10）的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器（30）之间，用于将蒸汽热能进行储存且将其内蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至减温减压器（30）；减温减压器（30）连接并将蒸汽进行减温减压后供应至热用户端（100）。可满足高效换热、长时间蓄热、可持续稳定供应蒸汽的要求，满足工业生产需求。

Description

蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法 技术领域
本发明涉及光热能源技术领域，尤其涉及一种蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法。
背景技术
采用光热生产工业蒸汽，将大大节省能源，减少碳排放，具有很好的应用前景。但是太阳能仅在有日照的情况下才可供利用，阴雨天和晚上均无法利用，而工业生产则需要连续稳定运行，因此采用太阳能生产工业蒸汽需要一套系统匹配太阳能的不稳定性与工业生产连续稳定的需求。
现有针对蓄热需求主要有固体蓄热、液体蓄热、气体蓄热、相变蓄热、热化学吸附蓄热等蓄热技术方案，在光热领域主要采用导热油蓄热或者液态熔盐蓄热。
其中，导热油蓄热主要适用于吸热约400℃的场合，通过槽式或菲涅尔式聚光镜将阳光聚焦至集热管，加热管内导热油，导热油被加热后部分用于加热蒸汽发生器中的水产生蒸汽发电或其他用途，部分热导热油则储存起来，在需要的时候释放热能，相较于高温水蓄热的优点是储热设备可以在常压下运行。熔盐蓄热主要适用于吸热温度500℃-600℃的场合，通过镜场定日镜将阳光聚焦至集热塔，加热集热塔内液态熔盐，熔盐被加热后部分用于加热蒸汽发生器中的水产生蒸汽发电或其他用途，部分储存起来，在需要的时候释 放热能，相较于高温水蓄热的优点是储热设备可以在常压下运行。
然而，上述的两种蓄热方案存在以下不足：
1、导热油价格高、易燃、易热解结焦，存在一定毒性；需设置冷油和热油储罐，防凝系统、导热油再生系统，设备众多，系统复杂，初投资高；
2、熔盐比热低，熔盐需求量大，成本高，结晶温度高容易凝固堵塞设备和管道，一旦堵塞较难疏通；需设置冷盐和热盐储罐、防凝系统等，设备众多，系统复杂，初投资高。
3、需要设置油水换热器/盐水换热器，换热介质需通过管道隔离，存在换热端差，换热效率较低。
4、工业蒸汽参数一般为0.8MPa.g、180℃，熔盐蓄热在此温度下为固态无法工作；导热油可在此温度范围内工作，但存在大马拉小车的情形，性价比低。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种实现为热用户稳定提供蒸汽的的蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：提供一种蒸汽稳定供应系统，包括太阳能集热塔、减温减压器、蒸汽蓄热罐、第一蒸汽管道以及第一热计量装置；所述第一热计量装置设置在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端，检测所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量；
所述第一蒸汽管道连接在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器之间，用于将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽部分或全部输送至所述减温减压器；所述蒸汽蓄热罐与所述第一蒸汽管道并联且连接在所述太阳能集热塔的 蒸汽出口端和减温减压器之间，用于将来自所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽热能进行储存且将其内蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器；
所述减温减压器连接热用户端，将蒸汽进行减温减压后供应至热用户端。
优选地，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括第二蒸汽管道以及第三蒸汽管道；
所述第二蒸汽管道连接在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的蒸汽进口之间；所述第三蒸汽管道连接在所述蒸汽蓄热罐的蒸汽出口和所述减温减压器的进口之间；
所述第一蒸汽管道、第二蒸汽管道以及第三蒸汽管道上分别设有蒸汽开关阀。
优选地，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括为所述蒸汽蓄热罐补充除盐水的补水单元；
所述补水单元包括补水泵、连接在所述补水泵和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的补水口之间的补水管道；所述补水管道上设有补水阀和止回阀。
优选地，所述减温减压器为喷水减温减压器。
优选地，所述补水单元还包括连接在所述减温减压器和所述补水管道之间的喷水管道。
优选地，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括凝结水储罐、补水集箱、连接在所述凝结水储罐和所述补水集箱之间的回水泵；
所述凝结水储罐连接热用户端，将热用户端产生的冷凝水收集储存，并通过所述回水泵输送至所述补水集箱。
优选地，所述蒸汽蓄热罐的排水口通过排水管道连接所述补水集箱。
优选地，所述蒸汽蓄热罐上设有安全阀、真空破坏阀。
优选地，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括第二热计量装置；所述第二热计 量装置设置在所述减温减压器和热用户端之间，检测供给热用户端的蒸汽量。
优选地，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括定排储罐、连接在所述定排储罐和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的排污口之间的定排管道；所述定排管道上设有控制其通断的开关阀。
本发明还提供一种蒸汽稳定供应方法，包括以下步骤：
S1、主控系统根据获得的太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量，与热用户端所需的蒸汽量进行比较；在太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量满足热用户端所需的蒸汽量时，执行S2；在所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽量不满足热用户端所需的蒸汽量且高于0.1t/h时，执行S3；在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量低于0.1t/h时，执行S4；
S2、将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽输送至减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端；
S3、将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽输送蒸汽蓄热罐，通过加热所述蒸汽蓄热罐内的水将蒸汽热能进行储存；连通蒸汽蓄热罐和减温减压器，通过蒸汽蓄热罐内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端；
S4、连通蒸汽蓄热罐和减温减压器，通过蒸汽蓄热罐内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端。
优选地，在所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽量满足热用户端所需的蒸汽量且仍有余时，步骤S2还包括：
连通所述太阳能集热塔和蒸汽蓄热罐，将多余的蒸汽输送至所述蒸汽蓄热罐内，将所述蒸汽蓄热罐内的水加热以将多余的蒸汽热能进行储存。
本发明的有益效果：采用蒸汽蓄热罐连接太阳能集热塔，具有换热、蓄热、释放热等功能，简化所在的蒸汽稳定供应系统，满足高效换热、长时间蓄热、可持续稳定供应蒸汽的要求，满足工业生产需求。
本发明用于利用光热生产工业蒸汽领域，以蒸汽蓄热罐实现蓄热及供应蒸汽，实现蒸汽的连续稳定供应，促使光热生产工业蒸汽迅速推广应用。
附图说明
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明，附图中：
图1是本发明一实施例的蒸汽稳定供应系统的连接示意图。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术特征、目的和效果有更加清楚的理解，现对照附图详细说明本发明的具体实施方式。
如图1所示，本发明一实施例的蒸汽稳定供应系统，包括太阳能集热塔10、减温减压器30、蒸汽蓄热罐20、第一蒸汽管道41、第一热计量装置51和第二热计量装置52。
其中，太阳能集热塔10作为一种利用光热生产工业蒸汽的设备，将其生产的蒸汽供给热用户端100，以实现能源转换使用。第一热计量装置51设置在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽出口端，检测太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量，并且还可以将检测到的蒸汽输出量的信息发送至主控系统(如DCS主控)。
减温减压器30连接热用户端100，对进入其中的蒸汽进行减温减压，再将减温减压后的蒸汽供应至热用户端。第一蒸汽管道41连接在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器30之间，用于将太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽 部分或全部输送至减温减压器30。
蒸汽蓄热罐20设有至少一个，其与第一蒸汽管道41并联且连接在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器30之间，用于将来自太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽热能以饱和热水进行储存且将其内蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至减温减压器30。第二热计量装置52设置在减温减压器30和热用户端100之间，检测供给热用户端100的蒸汽量；此外还可具有累计功能，能够累计蒸汽量。第二热计量装置52还可以将检测到的蒸汽量的信息发送至主控系统(如DCS主控)。
蒸汽蓄热罐20和第一蒸汽管道41的并联设置，使得可以根据实际情况，将太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽依次通过第一蒸汽管道41和减温减压器30供给热用户端100，或者将太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽通过蒸汽蓄热罐20进行热能储存，再通过蒸汽蓄热罐20供应蒸汽。
具体地，蒸汽蓄热罐20的上端或顶部设有蒸汽进口、蒸汽出口，分别用于来自太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽进入其中以及将闪蒸产生的蒸汽输出。蒸汽蓄热罐20的底部设有排污口和排水口，排污口用于排出蒸汽蓄热罐20内部的高浓度盐溶液，排水口用于排水以调节蒸汽蓄热罐20内液位或进行清洁排水等。此外，蒸汽蓄热罐20上还进一步可设有至少一个安全阀21和真空破坏阀24，安全阀21用于在蒸汽蓄热罐20内压力过高时排压，真空破坏阀24用于在停运后蒸汽蓄热罐20内温度降低后消除蒸汽蓄热罐20的内部负压问题。
根据蒸汽蓄热罐20在太阳能集热塔10和减温减压器30之间的连接，本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括第二蒸汽管道42以及第三蒸汽管道43。第二蒸汽管道42连接在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽出口端和蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口之间，从而太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽通过该第二蒸汽管道42进入蒸汽 蓄热罐20内。第三蒸汽管道43连接在蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽出口和减温减压器30的进口之间，从而蒸汽蓄热罐20内被蒸汽加热的饱和液体通过闪蒸产生的蒸汽通过第三蒸汽管道43输送至减温减压器30。
第一蒸汽管道41、第二蒸汽管道42以及第三蒸汽管道43上分别设有蒸汽开关阀411、421、431，分别用于所在管道的通道及开度。蒸汽开关阀411、421、431还分别与主控系统连接，从而可以通过主控系统控制蒸汽开关阀411、421、431，实现远程操作。蒸汽开关阀411、421、431进一步可选但不限于电动截止阀。
本发明对应蒸汽蓄热罐20还设有就地PLC控制柜，方便操作员巡检时操作监控蒸汽蓄热罐20。
蒸汽蓄热罐20优选设置两个或以上。对于两个或以上数量的蒸汽蓄热罐20的设置，方便根据实际供汽及储能需求运行对应数量的蒸汽蓄热罐20。
在本实施例中，蒸汽蓄热罐20具有两个，该两个蒸汽蓄热罐20并联，每一个蒸汽蓄热罐20均通过第二蒸汽管道42和第三蒸汽管道43连接在太阳能集热塔10和减温减压器30之间。
作为选择，蒸汽蓄热罐20选用混合式换热器，来自太阳能集热塔10的高温蒸汽进入混合式换热器内直接与内部存水混合接触进行充分的传热传质，使内部存水形成高温高压饱和水。混合式换热器同时又具备高压蓄热的能力。
具体地，蒸汽蓄热罐20可包括卧式筒体、设置在卧式筒体内的至少一排喷嘴，喷嘴端部连接卧式筒体上的蒸汽进口。并且，在卧式筒体内，喷嘴处于其中轴线下方。蒸汽进入蒸汽蓄热罐20时，蒸汽从喷嘴向下均匀喷入卧式筒体内储存的水中，加热水至饱和状态的过程即为换热并蓄热的过程。在放 热时，开启蒸汽出口对应的蒸汽开关阀431，因背压小于饱和水蒸汽压，饱和水瞬间闪蒸释放大量蒸汽。蒸汽出口处可设置汽水分离装置避免液态水进入管道影响系统正常运行。
在对太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽进行接收以储能时，采用先蓄满一蒸汽蓄热罐20，再蓄另一蒸汽蓄热罐20。在需要蒸汽蓄热罐20为热用户端100提供闪蒸蒸汽时，优先采用正在蓄热未蓄满的蒸汽蓄热罐20提供蒸汽。
蒸汽蓄热罐20上还可设有液位监测装置，用于监测罐内除盐水的液位。当蒸汽蓄热罐20内的液位高于预设高位时或者低于预设低位时，报警并启动相应措施或者报警以提醒操作人员进行相应措施。
蒸汽蓄热罐20还设有就地压力仪表和远传压力表，检测获取蒸汽蓄热罐20压力波动情况，用于根据蒸汽蓄热罐20压力判断蓄热和闪蒸进程。
例如，当蒸汽蓄热罐20内部的压力达到3.1Mpa.g，说明蒸汽蓄热罐20蓄热结束；当压力降至0.9Mpa.g，则说明蒸汽蓄热罐20闪蒸结束；当压力达到3.25Mpa.g，蒸汽蓄热罐20上安全阀21存在异常情况，可进一步提示运行人员检查安全阀21是否正常工作。
对应蒸汽蓄热罐20，本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括为蒸汽蓄热罐20补充除盐水的补水单元。蒸汽蓄热罐20上设有补水口；补水单元可包括补水泵61、连接在补水泵61和蒸汽蓄热罐20的补水口之间的补水管道62。补水口处设有控制阀63，控制该补水口的通断。控制阀63还可与主控系统连接，从而可以通过主控系统控制实现远程操作。控制阀63进一步可选但不限于电动截止阀。
补水管道62上设有补水阀64和止回阀65，分别用于控制补水管道62的通断以及防止除盐水回流。不需要对蒸汽蓄热罐20进行补水情况下，蒸汽蓄 热罐20的补水口处控制阀处于关闭状态。
补水泵61进一步连接至补水集箱60，补水集箱60作为补水单元的供水来源。在补水泵61和补水集箱60之间的连接管道上还设有第一阀门66以及第一过滤装置67(如直通滤网)，第一阀门66用于控制补水泵61和补水集箱60之间的通断，第一过滤装置67用于对输入补水泵61的水进行过滤，去除其中的固体杂质等物。
该补水集箱60还通过进水管道11与太阳能集热塔10连接，也为太阳能集热塔10供水。进水管道11上设有阀门12，还设有依次排布的过滤器13、驱动泵14、止回阀15。为太阳能集热塔10供水时，补水集箱60内的水在驱动泵14的驱动下，依次流经过滤器13、驱动泵14、止回阀15，进入太阳能集热塔10内。
可以理解地，进水管道11还可连接在补水泵61的出口端，作为分支管道，使得补水集箱60通过同一套补水单元为蒸汽蓄热罐20和太阳能集热塔10供水。
当通过补水单元补水至蒸汽蓄热罐20内的液位到达预设高位，或者蒸汽进入蒸汽蓄热罐20内使得液位到达预设高位时，液位监测装置将对应信号发送至主控系统，通过主控系统关闭控制阀63及蒸汽蓄热罐20上蒸汽进口对应的蒸汽开关阀421，停止补水或者蒸汽进入。在上述中蒸汽进入蒸汽蓄热罐20使液位到达预设高位的情况中，停止蒸汽进入后，在蒸汽蓄热罐20闪蒸结束后且压力降至工作压力以下后再进行放水，直至罐内液位降至设定液位。采用闪蒸结束后再放水的操作方式，能够减小放水过程闪蒸振动、减小能源损失、减小排水口连接的排水管道22设计压力值。
同理，在蒸汽蓄热罐20内的液位到达预设低位时，液位监测装置将对应 信号发送至主控系统，通过主控系统启动补水单元及开启控制阀63，对蒸汽蓄热罐20(在罐内压力低于工作压力后)进行补水，直至其内的液位到达设定液位处。对于蒸汽蓄热罐20处于闪蒸状态，在闪蒸结束后再进行补水，可减小补水泵61扬程，降低补水泵61投资成本和运行成本。
在本发明中，减温减压器30对进入其内的高温蒸汽进行减温减压，输出热用户端100所需压力、温度的蒸汽，同时根据热用户端100所需蒸汽量需求，可以调节输出流量，从而最终为热用户端100提供所需压力、温度及流量的蒸汽。
减温减压器30可设置一个或两个。对于两个的设置，一个作为主用，一个作为备用，提高系统的可靠性。减温减压器30的进出口端分别设有截止阀，控制进出口端的开闭及开度。
优选地，减温减压器30为喷水减温减压器30。对此，可以通过补水单元对其供水。如图1所示，补水单元还包括连接在减温减压器30和补水管道62之间的喷水管道68。喷水管道68上设有控制阀69，用于控制该喷水管道68的通断。
在减温减压器30运行时，控制阀69处于打开状态，在补水泵61的驱动下，补水集箱60内的水依次通过补水管道62和喷水管道68，送入减温减压器30内。控制阀69还可与主控系统连接，从而可以通过主控系统控制实现远程操作。控制阀69进一步可选但不限于电动截止阀。
进一步地，本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括凝结水储罐70、补水集箱60、连接在凝结水储罐70和补水集箱60之间的回水泵80。
凝结水储罐70连接热用户端100，将热用户端100产生的冷凝水(常压蒸汽冷凝水，温度约90℃)收集储存，并通过回水泵80输送至补水集箱60。 该补水集箱60与补水单元所连接的补水集箱60可为同一个或属于同一单元组。
回收泵80可设置两个，一个作为主用，一个作为备用，提高系统可靠性。
此外，蒸汽蓄热罐20的排水口可通过排水管道22连接补水集箱60。因此，补水集箱60不仅用于为太阳能集热塔10、蒸汽蓄热罐20及减温减压器30供水，还用于收集来自热用户端100的冷凝水，实现冷凝水的回收及再利用。
可以理解地，排水管道22上或者排水口处设有控制阀23控制排水管道22的通断。
凝结水储罐70和回水泵80之间的连接管道上还设有第二阀门71以及第二过滤装置(如直通滤网)72，第二阀门71用于控制凝结水储罐70和回水泵80之间连接管道的通断，第二过滤装置72用于对进入回水泵80的水进行过滤，去除其中的固体杂质等物。
另外，回水泵80和补水集箱60之间的连接管道上同样设有控制阀81以控制该连接管道的通断，且还设有止回阀82，防水输送的冷凝水回流。
凝结水储罐70上可设有液位监测装置，并且该液位监测装置可与第二热计量装置52分别与回水泵80连接。当第二热计量装置52所测得蒸汽量大于零且凝结水储罐70内液位到达高位时，连锁启动回水泵80，将凝结水储罐70内的冷凝水输送至补水集箱60。当凝结水储罐70内液位处于低位时，连锁回水泵80停泵。当第二热计量装置52所测得蒸汽量为零时，闭锁回水泵80，泵保持停运。
又进一步地，为实现蒸汽蓄热罐20的定排及收集，本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括定排储罐90、连接在定排储罐90和蒸汽蓄热罐20的排污口之 间的定排管道91。定排管道91上设有控制其通断的开关阀92。蒸汽蓄热罐20内的高浓度盐溶液可以定期通过排污口排出，再通过定排管道91排至定排储罐90内；定排储罐90再将收集的高浓度盐溶液进行处理。
定排储罐90可选用定排闪蒸罐。
本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统运行时，太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽一部分直接经过减温减压器30进行减温减压后供应给热用户端100，多余的蒸汽进入蒸汽蓄热罐20，加热罐内预留的水直至成为目标压力的饱和水。在太阳能集热塔10蒸汽不足时，开启蒸汽蓄热罐20对应的蒸汽开关阀431，蒸汽蓄热罐20内热水闪蒸产生蒸汽，经减温减压器30进行减温减压后供应给热用户端100。
综上可知，本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统用于对热用户端100进行稳定供应蒸汽，其中可通过主控系统对蒸汽的供应路线、方式等进行控制。参考图1，实现上述的稳定供应蒸汽的蒸汽稳定供应方法具体可包括以下步骤：
S1、主控系统根据获得的太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量，与热用户端100所需的蒸汽量进行比较。
结合以上的蒸汽稳定供应系统，太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量由第一热计量装置51检测获得并将对应信息发送至主控系统。
在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量满足热用户端100所需的蒸汽量时，执行S2；在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量不足(非零)(例如在太阳能不足或没有太阳情况)以热用户端100所需的蒸汽量时，执行S3；在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量为零或低于0.1t/h时(例如在太阳能不足或没有太阳情况)，执行S4。
S2、将太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽输送至减温减压器30，通过减温减压 后输送至热用户端100。
经过减温减压后的蒸汽，具有热用户端100所需压力及温度。另外，通过第二热计量装置52检测获取输送至热用户端100的蒸汽流量是否为热用户端100所需流量。输送至热用户端100的蒸汽流量可以通过减温减压器30出口端的截止阀进行调控。
另外，在太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽量满足热用户端100所需的蒸汽量且仍有余时，步骤S2还包括：
连通太阳能集热塔10和蒸汽蓄热罐20，将多余的蒸汽输送至蒸汽蓄热罐20内，将蒸汽蓄热罐20内的水加热以将多余的蒸汽热能进行储存。
例如，设热用户端100所需的蒸汽量为2t/h，在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量大于2.5t/h时，开启太阳能集热塔10和减温减压器30之间的直通的第一蒸汽管道41上的蒸汽开关阀411，优先开启压力较大的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口，调节蒸汽进口对应的蒸汽开关阀411的开度使减温减压器30出口流量维持2t/h，直到该蒸汽蓄热罐20压力达到3.1Mpa.g，关闭该蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽开关阀411。此时如果另一蒸汽蓄热罐20压力小于3.1Mpa.g，则开启这另一蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口对应的蒸汽开关阀411，同样调节其开度使减温减压器30的出口流量维持2t/h。若两个蒸汽蓄热罐20均达到3.1Mpa.g，则发出蓄满信号，由主控系统根据太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽流量调节定日镜散光。
S3、将太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽输送蒸汽蓄热罐20，通过加热蒸汽蓄热罐20内的水将蒸汽热能进行储存；连通蒸汽蓄热罐20和减温减压器30，通过蒸汽蓄热罐20内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至减温减压器30，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端100。
在步骤S3中，太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽输送至一蒸汽蓄热罐20内以进行储能，同时使用该蒸汽蓄热罐20连通减温减压器30为热用户端100供应蒸汽。
例如，设热用户端100所需的蒸汽量为2t/h，在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量大于0.1t/h且小于1.9t/h时，开启压力大于0.9Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口，关闭太阳能集热塔10和减温减压器30之间的直通的第一蒸汽管道41上的蒸汽开关阀411，通过上述的压力大于0.9Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20闪蒸放热并输出蒸汽至减温减压器30，再供应给用户端100。当闪蒸放热至该蒸汽蓄热罐20的水温小于0.9Mpa.g或小于180℃时，开启另一符合压力大于0.9Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口和蒸汽出口，同时关闭温度小于180℃的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口和蒸汽出口。
当两个蒸汽蓄热罐20压力均大于0.9Mpa.g时，优先开启压力较小的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口和蒸汽出口。当两个蒸汽蓄热罐20水温均小于180℃时，发出闪蒸结束信号。
S4、连通蒸汽蓄热罐20和减温减压器30，通过蒸汽蓄热罐20内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至减温减压器30，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端100。
上述步骤S4执行之前，断开太阳能集热塔10与蒸汽蓄热罐20之间的连通，即关闭蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口；或者保持太阳能集热塔10与蒸汽蓄热罐20之间的断开状态(不连通)，即蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口保持关闭状态。
例如，设热用户端100所需的蒸汽量为2t/h，在太阳能集热塔10的蒸汽输出量小于0.1t/h时，开启压力大于0.9Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽出口，通过该蒸汽蓄热罐20为热用户端100提供蒸汽。当该蒸汽蓄热罐20闪蒸放 热至水温小于180℃时，开启另一符合压力大于0.9Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽出口以继续为热用户端100提供蒸汽，同时关闭温度小于180℃的蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽出口。在两个蒸汽蓄热罐20压力均小于0.9Mpa.g时，发出闪蒸结束信号。
进一步地，在热用户端100无需蒸汽时段，当太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽流量小于设定值(如0.1t/h)时，关闭蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口，即蒸汽蓄热罐20无需与太阳能集热塔10连通。当太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽流量大于设定值(如0.1t/h)时，开启压力小于3.1Mpa.g的蒸汽蓄热罐20进行蓄热，期间维持该蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽出口处于关闭状态，直到该蒸汽蓄热罐20压力达到3.1Mpa.g，关闭该蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口。遵循同一时间只开启一个蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口的原则；若有两个蒸汽蓄热罐20压力均小于3.1Mpa.g，则优先开启压力较大蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口进行蓄热，蓄满之后再开启另一个蒸汽蓄热罐20的蒸汽进口进行蓄热。如两个蒸汽蓄热罐20均达到3.1Mpa.g，则发出蓄满信号，由主控系统根据太阳能集热塔10输出的蒸汽流量调节定日镜散光。
对于本发明的蒸汽稳定供应系统及其实现的蒸汽稳定供应方法，其中蒸汽蓄热罐20的容积按热用户端100所需运行时间及所需蒸汽量计算设置，以匹配精确容量的蒸汽蓄热罐20，满足热用户端100所需，保证系统满足高效换热、长时间蓄热且可持续稳定供应蒸汽要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换，或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，包括太阳能集热塔、减温减压器、蒸汽蓄热罐、第一蒸汽管道以及第一热计量装置；所述第一热计量装置设置在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端，检测所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量；
    所述第一蒸汽管道连接在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器之间，用于将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽部分或全部输送至所述减温减压器；所述蒸汽蓄热罐与所述第一蒸汽管道并联且连接在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端和减温减压器之间，用于将来自所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽热能进行储存且将其内蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器；
    所述减温减压器连接热用户端，将蒸汽进行减温减压后供应至热用户端。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括第二蒸汽管道以及第三蒸汽管道；
    所述第二蒸汽管道连接在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽出口端和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的蒸汽进口之间；所述第三蒸汽管道连接在所述蒸汽蓄热罐的蒸汽出口和所述减温减压器的进口之间；
    所述第一蒸汽管道、第二蒸汽管道以及第三蒸汽管道上分别设有蒸汽开关阀。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括为所述蒸汽蓄热罐补充除盐水的补水单元；
    所述补水单元包括补水泵、连接在所述补水泵和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的补水口之间的补水管道；所述补水管道上设有补水阀和止回阀。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述减温减压器为喷水减温减压器。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述补水单元还包括连接在所述减温减压器和所述补水管道之间的喷水管道。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括凝结水储罐、补水集箱、连接在所述凝结水储罐和所述补水集箱之间的回水泵；
    所述凝结水储罐连接热用户端，将热用户端产生的冷凝水收集储存，并通过所述回水泵输送至所述补水集箱。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽蓄热罐的排水口通过排水管道连接所述补水集箱。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽蓄热罐上设有安全阀、真空破坏阀。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括第二热计量装置；所述第二热计量装置设置在所述减温减压器和热用户端之间，检测供给热用户端的蒸汽量。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的蒸汽稳定供应系统，其特征在于，所述蒸汽稳定供应系统还包括定排储罐、连接在所述定排储罐和所述蒸汽蓄热罐的排污口之间的定排管道；所述定排管道上设有控制其通断的开关阀。
  11. 一种蒸汽稳定供应方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S1、主控系统根据获得的太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量，与热用户端所需的蒸汽量进行比较；在太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量满足热用户端所需的蒸汽量时，执行S2；在所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽量不满足热用户端所需的蒸 汽量且高于0.1t/h时，执行S3；在所述太阳能集热塔的蒸汽输出量低于0.1t/h时，执行S4；
    S2、将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽输送至减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端；
    S3、将所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽输送蒸汽蓄热罐，通过加热所述蒸汽蓄热罐内的水将蒸汽热能进行储存；连通蒸汽蓄热罐和减温减压器，通过蒸汽蓄热罐内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端；
    S4、连通蒸汽蓄热罐和减温减压器，通过蒸汽蓄热罐内的蓄水闪蒸产生的蒸汽输送至所述减温减压器，通过减温减压后输送至热用户端。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的蒸汽稳定供应方法，其特征在于，在所述太阳能集热塔输出的蒸汽量满足热用户端所需的蒸汽量且仍有余时，步骤S2还包括：
    连通所述太阳能集热塔和蒸汽蓄热罐，将多余的蒸汽输送至所述蒸汽蓄热罐内，将所述蒸汽蓄热罐内的水加热以将多余的蒸汽热能进行储存。
PCT/CN2022/103137 2022-03-29 2022-06-30 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法 WO2023020131A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210316872.3 2022-03-29
CN202210316872.3A CN114646045B (zh) 2022-03-29 2022-03-29 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023020131A1 true WO2023020131A1 (zh) 2023-02-23

Family

ID=81995267

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/103137 WO2023020131A1 (zh) 2022-03-29 2022-06-30 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114646045B (zh)
WO (1) WO2023020131A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114646045B (zh) * 2022-03-29 2024-05-10 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101539123A (zh) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-23 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 槽塔结合的双级蓄热太阳能热发电系统
CN102840617A (zh) * 2012-08-07 2012-12-26 圣火科技(河南)有限责任公司 应用蒸汽蓄热器的热电联产系统
US20130152586A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Generation System and Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Generation Method
JP2013147996A (ja) * 2012-01-19 2013-08-01 Hitachi Ltd 太陽熱複合発電システム及び太陽熱複合発電方法
CN112594761A (zh) * 2020-11-11 2021-04-02 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种集中式区域供能方法
CN215982507U (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-08 焦作金叶醋酸纤维有限公司 一种使蒸汽压力稳定输出的蒸汽蓄热装置
CN114646045A (zh) * 2022-03-29 2022-06-21 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102996374B (zh) * 2012-12-18 2015-05-20 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 太阳能与风能互补型热、电联产系统
CN106556165B (zh) * 2016-11-28 2018-06-01 桑夏太阳能股份有限公司 一种安装于厂房屋顶的太阳能蒸汽蓄热系统

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101539123A (zh) * 2008-03-19 2009-09-23 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 槽塔结合的双级蓄热太阳能热发电系统
US20130152586A1 (en) * 2011-12-16 2013-06-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Generation System and Integrated Solar Combined Cycle Power Generation Method
JP2013147996A (ja) * 2012-01-19 2013-08-01 Hitachi Ltd 太陽熱複合発電システム及び太陽熱複合発電方法
CN102840617A (zh) * 2012-08-07 2012-12-26 圣火科技(河南)有限责任公司 应用蒸汽蓄热器的热电联产系统
CN112594761A (zh) * 2020-11-11 2021-04-02 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 一种集中式区域供能方法
CN215982507U (zh) * 2021-09-24 2022-03-08 焦作金叶醋酸纤维有限公司 一种使蒸汽压力稳定输出的蒸汽蓄热装置
CN114646045A (zh) * 2022-03-29 2022-06-21 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114646045A (zh) 2022-06-21
CN114646045B (zh) 2024-05-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN109059318B (zh) 一种喷淋式填充床储热系统及其运行方法
WO2020181677A1 (zh) 一种太阳能燃煤耦合灵活发电系统及运行方法
CN106133459B (zh) 用于太阳能发电设备的管线系统
CN109899774B (zh) 一种太阳能辅助加热制造蒸汽的方法
WO2023020131A1 (zh) 蒸汽稳定供应系统及蒸汽稳定供应方法
CN102418679B (zh) 太阳能与外源蒸汽互补发电设备
US11761711B1 (en) Heat storage and heat release system for molten salt with steam heating
WO2013086895A1 (zh) 太阳能与外源蒸汽互补发电设备
RU2629345C1 (ru) Автономная блочно-модульная автоматизированная газораспределительная станция
RU2639453C1 (ru) Автономный автоматизированный газораспределительный комплекс (варианты)
CN211273584U (zh) 一种用于硫酸生产的低温回收蒸发器系统
CN108716776B (zh) 基于太阳能的淡化水与热水耦合系统
CN114776543A (zh) 一种深度调峰的太阳能辅助燃煤发电系统及其控制方法
CN114183789A (zh) 太阳能与生物质互补供热的热力系统
CN210740716U (zh) 一种新型导热油传热储能系统
CN210050586U (zh) 液氨储罐升压系统
CN206514618U (zh) 一种用于空分设备的蒸汽回收装置
CN219829141U (zh) 一种真空管太阳能模块与电能互补导热油加热装置
CN206488263U (zh) 可调控降温后输出煤气温度的煤气余热锅炉供水系统
CN205955783U (zh) 一种电站汽轮机抽汽加热锅炉给水的低压系统
CN219474374U (zh) 一种蒸汽加热系统
CN113073704B (zh) 一种可实现尾水冷却器自清污的水电站技术供水系统
CN217763365U (zh) 一种蓄热式模块化熔盐产蒸汽系统
CN216642368U (zh) 一种外供城市热水系统
CN217025351U (zh) 一种发电厂换热器自动充n2保养装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22857444

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1