WO2023011108A1 - 一种通信方法及通信装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023011108A1
WO2023011108A1 PCT/CN2022/104676 CN2022104676W WO2023011108A1 WO 2023011108 A1 WO2023011108 A1 WO 2023011108A1 CN 2022104676 W CN2022104676 W CN 2022104676W WO 2023011108 A1 WO2023011108 A1 WO 2023011108A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cyclic shift
dmrs
reference signals
terminal
indication information
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PCT/CN2022/104676
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
龚名新
李博
曲秉玉
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华为技术有限公司
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Priority to EP22851822.1A priority Critical patent/EP4369823A1/en
Publication of WO2023011108A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023011108A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/12—Wireless traffic scheduling
    • H04W72/121—Wireless traffic scheduling for groups of terminals or users
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/50—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/51—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties
    • H04W72/512—Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on terminal or device properties for low-latency requirements, e.g. URLLC

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a communication method and a communication device.
  • the demodulation reference signal (demodulation reference signal, DMRS) is a kind of reference signal used for uplink or downlink channel estimation, and then demodulation data.
  • DMRS demodulation reference signal
  • DMRSs are sent together with the data, and each layer of data corresponds to a DMRS.
  • the multiple DMRSs corresponding to the multi-layer data are orthogonal.
  • downlink single user multiple input and multiple output supports up to 8 layers
  • uplink SU-MIMO supports up to 4 layers.
  • the radio access network equipment needs to allocate DMRS combinations according to the number of transmission layers of users.
  • Uplink and downlink multi-user multiple input and multiple output (MU-MIMO) supports a maximum of 12 transmission layers, and each user has a maximum of 4 layers.
  • the wireless access network device needs to allocate corresponding DMRSs to users according to the number of layers they transmit, channel conditions, etc., and each layer corresponds to a DMRS.
  • the delay spread of the user is limited by the allowable delay spread of the DMRS.
  • the delay spread of the user cannot be considered when assigning a DMRS to a user Requirements, resulting in the problem of inflexible and low efficiency of DMRS allocation.
  • the present application provides a communication method and a communication device, which are used to allocate corresponding reference signals to terminals according to their requirements on delay extension, so as to realize flexible and efficient allocation of reference signals.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, and the method may be executed by a radio access network device or a module (such as a chip) applied to the radio access network device.
  • the method includes: sending first indication information to a first terminal, where the first indication information indicates a first group of reference signals, the first group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the reference signals in the first group of reference signals belong to the first A reference signal set, the first reference signal set is one of at least two reference signal sets, the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets occupy the same time-frequency resources; sending the at least one reference signal of the first group of reference signals to the first terminal, or receiving the at least one reference signal of the first group of reference signals from the first terminal.
  • the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets occupy the same time-frequency resource, so the same Code division orthogonal multiplexing among different reference signals in the reference signal set.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the delay spread requirement of the first terminal may be determined according to the delay spread requirement of the first terminal, and corresponding to the minimum cyclic shift interval from the minimum cyclic shift interval Select one or more reference signals from the set of reference signals and configure them for the first terminal, so that the reference signals can be flexibly and efficiently configured for the first terminal according to the delay extension requirement of the first terminal.
  • the first indication information further indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • the first terminal may determine the first minimum cyclic shift interval according to the first indication information, determine the first reference signal set according to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and according to the first reference signal set and the first indication information, Accurately knowing which reference signals in the first reference signal set the reference signal indicated by the first indication information comes from helps the first terminal to accurately determine the reference signal indicated by the first indication information, thereby improving communication efficiency and accuracy.
  • the first indication information not only indicates the first group of reference signals, but also indicates the first minimum cyclic shift interval. bit interval, this solution can reduce signaling overhead.
  • second indication information is sent to the first terminal, where the second indication information indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • the first terminal may determine the first minimum cyclic shift interval according to the second indication information, determine the first reference signal set according to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and according to the first reference signal set and the first indication information, Accurately knowing which reference signals in the first reference signal set the reference signal indicated by the first indication information comes from helps the first terminal to accurately determine the reference signal indicated by the first indication information, thereby improving communication efficiency and accuracy.
  • this solution indicates the first group of reference signals and the first minimum cyclic shift interval respectively through two different indication information, so the signaling overhead can be reduced by flexibly adjusting the sending frequency of the second indication information.
  • the second indication information is sent once within a set time period, and a plurality of first indication information can be sent within the set time period, so different first indication information is used to indicate to the first terminal within this period of time
  • the reference signals all come from the same reference signal set, and the reference signal set is determined according to the second indication information. Since the sending frequency of the second indication information is reduced, signaling overhead is reduced.
  • each reference signal in the at least two reference signal sets corresponds to a cyclic shift value
  • the first group of reference signals includes at least two reference signals
  • the at least two reference signals belong to In the first reference signal set
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent.
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal spaces corresponding to the two reference signals are continuous, that is, they have been allocated to the first
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal space of the terminal is continuous, so the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space is also continuous, so that the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space can be flexibly allocated to other terminals, and the other terminal and the first terminal can They may have the same delay spread requirement or different delay spread requirements. Since the method can implement code division multiplexing of reference signals between terminals with different requirements for time delay extension, it can realize flexible and efficient allocation of reference signals and fully utilize the capacity of code division multiplexing.
  • the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent, including: indexes of the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are continuous, The index of the cyclic shift value is used to identify the cyclic shift value.
  • the cyclic shift value is uniquely identified by the index of the cyclic shift value, and the indexes of the cyclic shift values corresponding to adjacent cyclic shift values are continuous.
  • the above-mentioned first indication information may indicate indexes of at least two consecutive cyclic shift values, so as to indicate to the terminal at least two reference signals corresponding to continuous cyclic shift orthogonal spaces, the method Simple and easy to implement.
  • third indication information is sent to the first terminal, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of reference signals.
  • the third indication information indicates the corresponding The size of the cyclic shift segment, so the third indication information indicates the size of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space occupied by the first group of reference signals allocated to the first terminal, so that the first terminal can accurately know
  • the occupancy of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space by itself helps the first terminal to accurately know its resource usage.
  • fourth indication information is sent to the second terminal, where the fourth indication information indicates a second group of reference signals, where the second group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the second group of reference signals includes The reference signal belongs to a second reference signal set, the second reference signal set is one of the at least two reference signal sets, and the second reference signal set is different from the first reference signal set.
  • the minimum cyclic shift corresponding to the delay spread requirement of the terminal can be determined according to the delay spread requirement of the terminal interval, and select one or more reference signals from the reference signal set corresponding to the minimum cyclic shift interval to be configured for the terminal, so as to implement flexible and efficient configuration of reference signals for the terminal according to the delay extension requirements of the terminal.
  • the third indication information indicates the first group of references allocated to the first terminal
  • the size of the cyclic shift segment corresponding to the signal so the third indication information indicates the size of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space occupied by the first group of reference signals allocated to the first terminal, so that the first terminal It can accurately know its own occupation of cyclic shift space or orthogonal code division space, which helps the first terminal to accurately know its own resource usage.
  • the second terminal can also know its own resource usage.
  • the size of the cyclic shift segment of the first group of reference signals allocated to the first terminal is different from the size of the cyclic shift segment of the second group of reference signals allocated to the second terminal, it can be flexibly implemented as Different sizes of cyclic shift space or orthogonal code division space are allocated to terminals with different delay extension requirements.
  • the N reference signals allocated to at least two terminals correspond to N cyclic shift values one by one
  • the at least two terminals include the first terminal and the second terminal
  • the N The reference signal includes the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals
  • the N cyclic shift values are different from each other
  • the N cyclic shift values correspond to N cyclic shift intervals
  • the N cyclic shift intervals Any one of the cyclic shift intervals in is used to represent the interval between two adjacent cyclic shift values in the N cyclic shift intervals, and there are at least two cyclic shifts in the N cyclic shift intervals
  • the value of the interval is different
  • N is an integer greater than 1.
  • the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space is not completely It is allocated to each terminal in a uniform manner, that is, the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space is allocated to terminals with different delay spread requirements, so this method can be implemented flexibly for different delay spread requirements Different sizes of cyclic shift space or orthogonal code division space are allocated to different terminals.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, and the method may be executed by a terminal or a module (such as a chip) applied to the terminal.
  • the method includes: receiving first indication information from a wireless access network device, where the first indication information indicates a first group of reference signals, the first group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the reference in the first group of reference signals The signal belongs to a first reference signal set, the first reference signal set is one of at least two reference signal sets, the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets The sets occupy the same time-frequency resource; according to the first indication information, acquire the at least one reference signal in the first group of reference signals.
  • At least two reference signal sets are predefined, and the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets occupy the same time-frequency resource, so the same Code division multiplexing among different reference signals in the reference signal set.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the delay spread requirement of the terminal can be determined according to the delay spread requirement of the terminal, and selected from the reference signal set corresponding to the minimum cyclic shift interval
  • One or more reference signals are configured for the terminal, so as to flexibly and efficiently configure reference signals for the terminal according to the requirement of the delay extension amount of the terminal.
  • the first indication information further indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • the terminal can determine the first minimum cyclic shift interval according to the first indication information, determine the first reference signal set according to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and accurately know Which reference signals in the first reference signal set the reference signal indicated by the first indication information comes from helps the terminal to accurately determine the reference signal indicated by the first indication information, thereby improving communication efficiency and accuracy.
  • the first indication information not only indicates the first group of reference signals, but also indicates the first minimum cyclic shift interval. bit interval, this solution can reduce signaling overhead.
  • second indication information from the radio access network device is received, where the second indication information indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference collection of signals.
  • the terminal can determine the first minimum cyclic shift interval according to the second indication information, determine the first reference signal set according to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and accurately know Which reference signals in the first reference signal set the reference signal indicated by the first indication information comes from helps the terminal to accurately determine the reference signal indicated by the first indication information, thereby improving communication efficiency and accuracy.
  • this solution indicates the first group of reference signals and the first minimum cyclic shift interval respectively through two different indication information, so the signaling overhead can be reduced by flexibly adjusting the sending frequency of the second indication information.
  • the second indication information is sent once within a set time length, and multiple first indication information can be sent within the set time length, so the reference signal indicated to the terminal through different first indication information within this time length They all come from the same reference signal set, and the reference signal set is determined according to the second indication information. Since the sending frequency of the second indication information is reduced, signaling overhead is reduced.
  • each reference signal in the at least two reference signal sets corresponds to a cyclic shift value
  • the first group of reference signals includes at least two reference signals
  • the at least two reference signals belong to In the first reference signal set
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent.
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal spaces corresponding to the two reference signals are continuous, that is, the cyclic shift values that have been allocated to the terminal
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal space is continuous, so the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space is also continuous, so that the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space can be flexibly allocated to other terminals, and the other terminal and the terminal may have the same timing.
  • Delay spread requirements may also have different delay spread requirements. Since the method can implement code division multiplexing of reference signals between terminals with different requirements for time delay extension, it can realize flexible and efficient allocation of reference signals and fully utilize the capacity of code division multiplexing.
  • the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent, including: indexes of the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are continuous, The index of the cyclic shift value is used to identify the cyclic shift value.
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal spaces corresponding to the two reference signals are continuous, that is, the cyclic shift values that have been allocated to the terminal
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal space is continuous, so the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space is also continuous, so that the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space can be flexibly allocated to other terminals, and the other terminals may have the same timing as the above-mentioned terminals.
  • Delay spread requirements may also have different delay spread requirements.
  • the method can implement code division multiplexing of reference signals between terminals with different requirements for time delay extension, it can realize flexible and efficient allocation of reference signals and fully utilize the capacity of code division multiplexing.
  • the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent, including: indexes of the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are continuous, The index of the cyclic shift value is used to identify the cyclic shift value.
  • the cyclic shift value is uniquely identified by the index of the cyclic shift value, and the indices of the cyclic shift values corresponding to adjacent cyclic shift values are continuous.
  • the above-mentioned first indication information may indicate indexes of at least two consecutive cyclic shift values, so as to indicate to the terminal at least two reference signals corresponding to continuous cyclic shift orthogonal spaces, the method Simple and easy to implement.
  • third indication information from the radio access network device is received, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of reference signals.
  • the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift corresponding to the first group of reference signals allocated to the terminal.
  • the size of the bit segment so the third indication information indicates the size of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space occupied by the first group of reference signals allocated to the terminal, so that the terminal can accurately know its own cyclic shift space Or the occupancy of the orthogonal code division space, which helps the terminal to accurately know its resource usage.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, and the device may be a radio access network device, or may be a chip or a module for the radio access network device.
  • the device has the function of realizing any realization method of the first aspect above. This function may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, and the device may be a terminal, and may also be a chip for the terminal.
  • the device has the function of implementing any implementation method of the second aspect above. This function may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is used to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit, and execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the second aspect above.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor coupled to the memory, and the processor is used to call the program stored in the memory to execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the second aspect above .
  • the memory may be located within the device or external to the device. And there may be one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory so that the device executes Any implementation method in the first aspect to the second aspect above.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a unit or means (means) for performing each step of any implementation method in the first aspect to the second aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when it is run on a communication device, the above-mentioned first to second aspects Any implementation method is executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is run by the communication device, any of the above first to second aspects can be realized method is executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor, configured to execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the second aspect above.
  • Figure 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system applied in the embodiment of the present application.
  • Figure 1(b) is a schematic diagram of resources
  • Figure 1(c) is the sequence r(n) mapped on even-numbered subcarriers
  • Figure 2(a) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Figure 2(b) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Fig. 3 (a) is a schematic diagram of overlapping orthogonal codes in the frequency domain
  • Fig. 3 (b) is another schematic diagram of overlapping orthogonal codes in the frequency domain
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an orthogonal code
  • Figure 5(a) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type2 DMRS
  • Figure 5(b) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type2 DMRS
  • Fig. 6 (a) is a schematic diagram of overlapping orthogonal codes in the frequency domain
  • Fig. 6 (b) is another schematic diagram of overlapping orthogonal codes in the frequency domain
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of signal multipath transmission
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the time delay of the received signal presented at the receiving end after the DMRS signal is transmitted through different paths;
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of cyclic shift transformation to time domain
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of an orthogonal code
  • Figure 11(a) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Figure 11(b) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Figure 11(c) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Figure 11(d) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type1 DMRS
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of an orthogonal code
  • Figure 13(a) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type2 DMRS
  • Figure 13(b) is the time-frequency resource mapping pattern of Type2 DMRS
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a comparison of cyclic shift transformation to the time domain
  • Figure 15(a) is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the cyclic shift value and the DMRS
  • Figure 15(b) is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the cyclic shift value and the DMRS;
  • Figure 15(c) is a schematic diagram of the corresponding relationship between the cyclic shift value and the DMRS;
  • Figure 16(a) is a schematic diagram of the size of the cyclic shift segment
  • Figure 16(b) is a schematic diagram of the size of the cyclic shift segment
  • Figure 16(c) is a schematic diagram of the cyclic shift interval
  • Fig. 17(a) is a schematic diagram of multiplexing CS orthogonal spaces between terminals with different delay spreads
  • Fig. 17(b) is a schematic diagram of multiplexing CS orthogonal spaces between terminals with different delay spreads
  • Fig. 18(a) is a schematic diagram of multiplexing CS orthogonal spaces between terminals with different delay spreads
  • Fig. 18(b) is a schematic diagram of multiplexing CS orthogonal spaces between terminals with different delay spreads
  • Fig. 19(a) is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 19(b) is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a possible communication device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 1(a) is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system applied in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 1000 includes a radio access network 100 and a core network 200 .
  • the communication system 1000 may also include the Internet 300 .
  • the radio access network 100 may include at least one radio access network device, such as 110a and 110b in FIG. 1(a), and may also include at least one terminal, such as 120a-120j in FIG. 1(a).
  • 110a is a base station
  • 110b is a micro station
  • 120a, 120e, 120f and 120j are mobile phones
  • 120b is a car
  • 120c is a fuel dispenser
  • 120d is a home access point (HAP) arranged indoors or outdoors
  • 120g is a laptop
  • 120h is a printer
  • 120i is a drone.
  • the same terminal or wireless access network device may provide different functions in different application scenarios.
  • the mobile phones in Figure 1(a) include 120a, 120e, 120f, and 120j.
  • the mobile phone 120a can access the base station 110a, connect to the car 120b, directly communicate with the mobile phone 120e and access the HAP.
  • the mobile phone 120b can access the HAP and Direct communication with the mobile phone 120a
  • the mobile phone 120f can be connected to the micro station 110b, connected to the laptop 120g, connected to the printer 120h
  • the mobile phone 120j can control the drone 120i.
  • the terminal is connected to the radio access network device, and the radio access network device is connected to the core network.
  • the core network equipment and the wireless access network equipment can be independent and different physical equipment, or the functions of the core network equipment and the logical functions of the wireless access network equipment can be integrated on the same physical equipment, or it can be a physical equipment It integrates some functions of core network equipment and some functions of wireless access network equipment.
  • Terminals and wireless access network devices may be connected to each other in a wired or wireless manner.
  • Fig. 1(a) is only a schematic diagram, and the communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices, which are not shown in Fig. 1(a).
  • the wireless access network equipment can be a base station (base station), an evolved base station (evolved NodeB, eNodeB), a transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), and a next-generation mobile communication system in the fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) Base station (next generation NodeB, gNB), base station in the sixth generation (6th generation, 6G) mobile communication system, base station in the future mobile communication system or access node in the wireless fidelity (Wireless Fidelity, WiFi) system, etc.; It may also be a module or unit that completes some functions of the base station, for example, it may be a centralized unit (central unit, CU) or a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU).
  • the radio access network equipment can be a macro base station (as shown in Figure 1(a) 110a), it can also be a micro base station or an indoor station (as shown in Figure 1(a) 110b), and it can also be a relay node or a donor node wait.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific equipment form adopted by the radio access network equipment.
  • a base station is used as an example of a radio access network device for description.
  • a terminal may also be called terminal equipment, user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station, mobile terminal, and so on.
  • Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things ( internet of things, IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart city, etc.
  • Terminals can be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal.
  • Base stations and terminals can be fixed or mobile. Base stations and terminals can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water; they can also be deployed on aircraft, balloons and artificial satellites in the air. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the application scenarios of the base station and the terminal.
  • the helicopter or drone 120i in FIG. 1(a) can be configured as a mobile base station.
  • Terminal 120i is a base station; but for base station 110a, 120i is a terminal, that is, communication between 110a and 120i is performed through a wireless air interface protocol.
  • communication between 110a and 120i may also be performed through an interface protocol between base stations.
  • 120i is also a base station. Therefore, both base stations and terminals can be collectively referred to as communication devices, 110a and 110b in FIG. 1(a) can be referred to as communication devices with base station functions, and 120a-120j in FIG. communication device.
  • the communication between the base station and the terminal, between the base station and the base station, and between the terminal and the terminal can be carried out through the licensed spectrum, the communication can also be carried out through the unlicensed spectrum, and the communication can also be carried out through the licensed spectrum and the unlicensed spectrum at the same time; Communication may be performed on a frequency spectrum below megahertz (gigahertz, GHz), communication may also be performed through a frequency spectrum above 6 GHz, and communication may also be performed using a frequency spectrum below 6 GHz and a frequency spectrum above 6 GHz at the same time.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the frequency spectrum resources used for wireless communication.
  • the functions of the base station may also be performed by modules (such as chips) in the base station, or may be performed by a control subsystem including the functions of the base station.
  • the control subsystem including base station functions here may be the control center in the above application scenarios such as smart grid, industrial control, intelligent transportation, and smart city.
  • the functions of the terminal may also be performed by a module (such as a chip or a modem) in the terminal, or may be performed by a device including the terminal function.
  • the base station sends a downlink signal or downlink information to the terminal, and the downlink information is carried on the downlink channel;
  • the terminal sends an uplink signal or uplink information to the base station, and the uplink information is carried on the uplink channel.
  • the terminal needs to establish a wireless connection with the cell controlled by the base station.
  • a cell with which a terminal has established a wireless connection is called a serving cell of the terminal.
  • the terminal communicates with the serving cell, it will also be interfered by signals from neighboring cells.
  • the time-domain symbols may be Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, or Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM (Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM, DFT -s-OFDM) symbol.
  • OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing
  • Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM Discrete Fourier Transform-spread-OFDM, DFT -s-OFDM
  • the symbols in the embodiments of the present application refer to time-domain symbols.
  • nouns or terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are firstly explained below.
  • the following explanations of nouns or terms take 5G as an example.
  • Resource block (resource block, RB)
  • RB is the basic unit of frequency domain scheduling, and one RB includes 12 subcarriers.
  • One resource element occupies one symbol in the time domain and one subcarrier in the frequency domain, and a square in the figure represents one RE.
  • the types of DMRS can be divided into Type 1 (Type1) and Type 2 (Type2).
  • CDM Code Division Multiplexing
  • Each DMRS occupies 6 subcarriers in each RB.
  • Each DMRS occupies 4 subcarriers in each RB.
  • Type 1 uses higher frequency domain resource density and better channel estimation performance.
  • Type 2 can support more orthogonal DMRS, and can support more stream transmission, such as MU-MIMO, which is conducive to capacity improvement.
  • Each DMRS is identified by a port number, and the time-frequency resource position of the DMRS is determined by the port number and configuration type (Type1 or Type2).
  • the configuration type is set by high-layer signaling radio resource control (RRC) parameters, and the port number Indicated by the antenna ports (antenna ports) field of downlink control information (DCI).
  • RRC radio resource control
  • DMRS can be generated using pseudo-random sequences.
  • the DMRS scrambling code sequence r(n) in the NR system can be modulated by the sequence c(n) through quadrature phase shift keying (quadrature phase shift keying, QPSK), and c(n) can be defined as Gold sequence. Then r(n) can be expressed as:
  • x 1 (n+31) (x 1 (n+3)+x 1 (n))mod2
  • x 2 (n+31) (x 2 (n+3)+x 2 (n+2)+x 2 (n+1)+x 2 (n))mod2
  • N C 1600
  • c init is determined by information such as DMRS scrambling code identification (Identity document, ID), cell ID, DMRS subframe position and symbol position, such as satisfying:
  • the length of the sequence r(n) depends on the bandwidth actually allocated by the DMRS, and the sequence is mapped on the subcarriers.
  • Figure 2(a) is a Type1 DMRS time-frequency mapping pattern.
  • the DMRS occupies one OFDM symbol, and the sequence r(n) is mapped on the even-numbered label
  • the subcarrier is taken as an example, and the schematic diagram is shown in FIG. 1(c), in which one RB is taken as an example.
  • a grid in FIG. 1(c) is a symbol in the time domain, and a subcarrier in the frequency domain, and 12 subcarriers constitute an RB.
  • DMRS sequence after superimposing the orthogonal codes can be expressed as:
  • n 0,1,...
  • each port number corresponds to a DMRS, that is, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the port number and the DMRS
  • ⁇ is related to the subcarrier spacing
  • w f ( k'), w t (l') represent the frequency-domain orthogonal code and the time-domain orthogonal code respectively
  • w f (k'), w t (l') and the value of ⁇ refer to the table, taking PUSCH DMRS as an example , quoted from the standard 3GPP TS 38.211 V16.6.0.
  • Table 6.4.1.1.3-2 Parameters for PUSCH DM-RS configuration type 2.
  • orthogonality can be realized in three ways: frequency division orthogonality, time division orthogonality and code division orthogonality.
  • Figure 2(a) and Figure 2(b) are the time-frequency resource mapping patterns of Type1 DMRS. According to the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS, there are two mapping methods: single-symbol mapping (refer to Figure 2(a)) and double-symbol mapping (refer to Figure 2(b)). Single-symbol mapping supports up to 4 orthogonal DMRSs, and dual-symbol mapping supports up to 8 orthogonal DMRSs.
  • one RB is taken as an example.
  • the DMRS may also occupy multiple RBs according to the actual allocated resources.
  • each port number in the figure corresponds to a DMRS, that is, there is a one-to-one correspondence between the port number and the DMRS.
  • the four DMRSs mapped by single symbol are orthogonalized and the eight DMRSs mapped by double symbols are orthogonalized through frequency division orthogonality and code division orthogonality.
  • Frequency-domain resources occupied by frequency-division orthogonal DMRS are different.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ occupy a set of comb-shaped frequency domain resources
  • ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ occupy another set of comb-shaped frequency domain resources
  • the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ and DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ are frequency-division-orthogonal.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5 ⁇ occupy a set of comb-shaped frequency domain resources
  • ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7 ⁇ occupy another set of comb-shaped frequency domain resources
  • the DMRS corresponding to ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5 ⁇ and the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7 ⁇ are frequency division orthogonal.
  • the comb-shaped frequency domain resource means that the subcarriers in the frequency domain resource are discontinuous, and the subcarriers are distributed at equal intervals.
  • Code division orthogonal DMRSs occupy the same frequency domain resources, but use different orthogonal codes.
  • port 0 and port 1 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 2 and port 3 occupy the same frequency domain resource.
  • the DMRSs occupying the same frequency domain resource can be further orthogonalized through code division. Superimposing frequency-domain orthogonal codes on the scrambling code sequence r(n) can ensure that the DMRSs of code division multiplexing are kept orthogonal.
  • port ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ constitutes CDM group
  • port ⁇ 2 constitutes CDM group 1
  • the DMRS corresponding to the port number in each CDM group passes the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1 ) or (1, -1) remain orthogonal.
  • Figure 3(a) shows a schematic diagram of port 0 and port 1 being orthogonal through code division
  • Figure 3(a) corresponds to the above Figure 2(a)
  • Figure 3(a) is the label of the subcarrier occupied by the DMRS .
  • the port 0 superimposes the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1), and the port 1 superimposes the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1), so as to realize the orthogonality between the DMRS corresponding to the port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to the port 1.
  • port 0, port 1, port 4 and port 5 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 2, port 3, port 6 and port 7 occupy the same frequency domain resource.
  • the DMRSs occupying the same frequency domain resource can be further orthogonalized through code division.
  • Superimposing frequency-domain orthogonal codes on the scrambling code sequence r(n) can ensure that the DMRSs of code division multiplexing are kept orthogonal.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1, 4, 5 ⁇ constitute CDM group
  • ports ⁇ 2, 3, 6, 7 ⁇ constitute CDM group 1
  • the DMRS corresponding to the port number in each CDM group passes the frequency Orthogonal codes (1, 1) or (1, -1) in the domain, and (1, 1) or (1, -1) in the time domain with a superposition period of 2 to maintain the orthogonality.
  • Fig. 3 (b) shows the schematic diagram of port 0, port 1, port 4 and port 5 through time division and code division orthogonality
  • Fig. 3 (b) corresponds to above-mentioned Fig. 2 (b), in Fig. 3 (b)
  • n It is the label of the subcarrier occupied by DMRS.
  • Port 0 superimposes frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1)
  • port 1 superimposes frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1)
  • port 0 and port 1 both superimpose time domain orthogonal code (1, 1)
  • port 4 The frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1) is superimposed
  • the port 5 is superimposed with the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1)
  • the port 4 and port 5 are superimposed with the time domain orthogonal code (1, -1), so as to realize the port
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 1, the DMRS corresponding to port 4, and the DMRS corresponding to port 5 are orthogonal.
  • Type1 DMRS occupies equally spaced subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1) or (1, -1) with a period of 2 is superimposed to ensure orthogonality, which is equivalent to passing 2 cyclic shifts Bit (cyclic shift, CS) values are guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • the DMRS frequency domain orthogonal code corresponding to port 1 is ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1... ⁇ , and is mapped to equally spaced subcarriers, so the frequency domain orthogonal code can be expressed as ⁇ 1 represents the cyclic shift value corresponding to port 1, Indicates that j represents the imaginary unit, e is a constant of nature.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to port 1 use different cyclic shift values to obtain frequency-domain orthogonal codes, so that the two DMRSs can guarantee code division orthogonality, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 4 .
  • Figure 5(a) and Figure 5(b) are the time-frequency resource mapping patterns of Type2 DMRS. According to the number of symbols occupied by the DMRS, there are two mapping methods: single-symbol mapping (refer to FIG. 5(a)) and double-symbol mapping (refer to FIG. 5(b)). Single-symbol mapping supports up to 6 orthogonal DMRSs, and dual-symbol mapping supports up to 12 orthogonal DMRSs.
  • one RB is taken as an example.
  • the DMRS may also occupy multiple RBs according to the actual allocated resources.
  • Each port in the figure corresponds to a DMRS, that is, there is a one-to-one correspondence between ports and DMRSs.
  • the orthogonality of 6 DMRSs mapped by single symbol and the orthogonality of 12 DMRSs mapped by double symbols can be realized through frequency division orthogonality and code division orthogonality.
  • the subcarriers occupied by the frequency division orthogonal DMRS are different.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ , and ports ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ occupy different frequency domain resources respectively, and the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , port ⁇ 2 , 3 ⁇ and the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ are frequency division orthogonal to each other.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7 ⁇ , ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ , and ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ occupy different frequency domain resources respectively
  • the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7 ⁇ , the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ and the DMRS corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ are frequency division orthogonal to each other .
  • Code division orthogonal DMRSs occupy the same frequency domain resources, but use different orthogonal codes.
  • port 0 and port 1 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 2 and port 3 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 4 and port 5 occupy the same frequency domain resource.
  • the DMRSs occupying the same frequency domain resource can be further orthogonalized through code division. Superimposing frequency-domain orthogonal codes on the scrambling code sequence r(n) can ensure that the DMRSs of code division multiplexing are kept orthogonal.
  • port ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ constitutes CDM group
  • port ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ constitutes CDM group 1
  • port ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ constitutes CDM group 2
  • the DMRS corresponding to the port number in each CDM group passes Orthogonal codes (1, 1) or (1, -1) with a superposition period of 2 remain orthogonal.
  • Figure 6(a) shows a schematic diagram of port 0 and port 1 being orthogonal through code division
  • Figure 6(a) corresponds to the above Figure 5(a)
  • Figure 6(a) corresponds to the above Figure 5(a)
  • n is the label of the subcarrier occupied by the DMRS .
  • the port 0 superimposes the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1), and the port 1 superimposes the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1), so as to realize the orthogonality between the DMRS corresponding to the port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to the port 1.
  • port 0, port 1, port 6 and port 7 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 2, port 3, port 8 and port 9 occupy the same frequency domain resource
  • port 4, port 5, port Port 10 and port 11 occupy the same frequency domain resources.
  • the DMRSs occupying the same frequency domain resource can be further orthogonalized through code division. Superimposing frequency-domain orthogonal codes on the scrambling code sequence r(n) can ensure that the DMRSs of code division multiplexing are kept orthogonal.
  • ports ⁇ 0, 1, 6, 7 ⁇ constitute CDM group
  • ports ⁇ 2, 3, 8, 9 ⁇ constitute CDM group
  • ports ⁇ 4, 5, 10, 11 ⁇ constitute CDM group 2
  • each CDM The DMRS corresponding to the port number in the group uses the frequency-domain orthogonal code (1, 1) or (1, -1) with a superposition period of 2, and the time-domain orthogonal code (1, 1) or ( 1, -1) to maintain orthogonality.
  • Fig. 6 (b) shows the schematic diagram of port 0, port 1, port 6 and port 7 through time division and code division orthogonality
  • Fig. 6 (b) corresponds to above-mentioned Fig. 5 (b), in Fig. 6 (b), n It is the label of the subcarrier occupied by DMRS.
  • Port 0 superimposes frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1)
  • port 1 superimposes frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1)
  • port 0 and port 1 both superimpose time domain orthogonal code (1, 1)
  • port 6 The frequency domain orthogonal code (1, 1) is superimposed
  • the port 7 is superimposed with the frequency domain orthogonal code (1, -1)
  • the port 6 and port 7 are superimposed with the time domain orthogonal code (1, -1), so as to realize the port
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 1, the DMRS corresponding to port 6, and the DMRS corresponding to port 7 are orthogonal.
  • the wireless channel has multi-path effects. Due to the refraction and reflection of buildings, DMRS signals reach the receiving end through multiple paths during the propagation process. Due to the different propagation distances of different paths, the time for DMRS signals to reach the receiving end through different paths is different, and there is a certain amount of delay expansion in the time domain.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of signal multipath transmission. It can be seen that the signal at the sending end can reach the receiving end through path 1, path 2, and path 3. In FIG. 7, three paths are taken as an example for illustration.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of time delays of received signals presented at the receiving end after DMRS signals are transmitted through different paths.
  • This FIG. 8 uses the three paths shown in FIG. 7 as an example for illustration.
  • t0 is a reference time point, which can be understood as the moment when the receiver starts to receive the signal.
  • t1, t2, and t3 are the arrival times for the signal to reach the receiving end through three different paths, respectively.
  • t1 corresponds to path 1
  • t2 corresponds to path 2
  • t3 corresponds to path 3. From the perspective of the receiving end, the signals passing through the multipath channel arrive at the receiving end at different times, and it is assumed that the strength of the signal arriving earlier is greater than that of the signal arriving later.
  • the time length between the time point when the signal sent by the sending end arrives at the receiving end through the farthest path and the reference time point is called the delay spread amount.
  • the time difference between t3 and t0 is the amount of delay extension.
  • H 1 and H 2 respectively represent the frequency domain channels experienced by two DMRSs
  • n represents the frequency domain sample number
  • y(n) represents the received signal
  • the two cyclic shift values are different, that is, ⁇ 0 ⁇ 1 .
  • k represents the sample number in the time domain
  • h 1 (k) and h 2 (kk 0 ) are H 1 (n), Transformed to the channel representation in the time domain, respectively, middle
  • H 2 (n) has done in the frequency domain
  • the phase rotation of is equivalent to the time domain point shift, that is,
  • the N time-domain sampling points are the time length occupied by the DMRS signal and are represented by discretization of N sampling points, as shown in FIG. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of signal time-domain distribution.
  • the channels h 1 (k) and h 2 (k) can be distinguished by algorithms such as time domain windowing.
  • DMRS obtained by different cyclic shift values limits the delay spread of the DMRS signal. For example, using two cyclic shift values, the delay spread of the signal is limited to no more than The time corresponding to the time-domain sampling points, otherwise there will be interference between the received two superimposed DMRS. Referring to Fig. 9, if the signal delay spread through the h 1 (k) channel exceeds It will overlap with the signal passing through the h 2 (k) channel, causing inter-signal interference and affecting the accuracy of channel estimation at the receiving end.
  • User pairing refers to multiple users performing data transmission on the same time-frequency resource. In the embodiment of the present application, user pairing is also referred to as terminal pairing.
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes a solution: increase the number of data layers transmitted by increasing the number of DMRS, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the transmission rate. For example, in MU-MIMO scenarios with more than 12 streams, the number of supported DMRSs is increased to 12 or more.
  • both Type 1 DMRS and Type 2 DMRS can obtain more orthogonal DMRS by using more cyclic shift values, which can better support multi-stream transmission, such as MU-MIMO.
  • the following describes the port number expansion of Type1 DMRS and the port number expansion of Type 2 DMRS respectively.
  • expansion can be achieved by using more cyclic shift values, such as 4 orthogonal DMRS obtained from 4 cyclic shift values, or 8 orthogonal DMRS obtained from 8 cyclic shift values.
  • 2 DMRSs are guaranteed to be orthogonal using 2 cyclic shift values, where the cyclic shift value Corresponding to the frequency-domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1... ⁇ , the cyclic shift value Corresponding to the frequency-domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1... ⁇ , the frequency-domain orthogonal code obtained by two cyclic shift values has a period of 2.
  • Two DMRSs obtained according to two cyclic shift values constitute a DMRS set, and the two DMRSs contained in the DMRS set can use ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ , Or port ⁇ 6, 7 ⁇ to identify, see schematic diagrams 2(a) and 2(b).
  • 4 DMRSs are guaranteed to be orthogonal using 4 cyclic shift values, where the cyclic shift values Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, j, -1, -j, 1, j, -1, -j, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding to the frequency-domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -j, -1, j, 1, -j, -1, j, ... ⁇ , the frequency-domain orthogonal code obtained by 4 cyclic shift values has a cycle of 4 lengths.
  • j represents the imaginary unit
  • the 4 DMRSs obtained according to the 4 cyclic shift values constitute a DMRS set, and the 4 DMRSs contained in the DMRS set can use ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , Or port ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11 ⁇ , or port ⁇ 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ to identify, the four DMRS in this set correspond to a cyclic shift value, see schematic diagram 11(a) and Figure 11 (b) Time-frequency resource map and port identification.
  • cyclic shift values to ensure that 8 DMRSs are orthogonal, where the cyclic shift values Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency-domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, j, -1, -j, 1, j, -1, -j, 1, j, -1, -j, 1, j, -1, -j, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, ... ⁇ , cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code cyclic shift value Corresponding frequency domain orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -j, -1, j, 1, -j, -1
  • the 8 DMRSs obtained according to the 8 cyclic shift values form a DMRS set, and the 8 DMRSs contained in the DMRS set can use ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 8 , 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 ⁇ , or ports ⁇ 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31 ⁇ , and the 8 DMRSs in the set correspond to a cyclic shift value respectively, as shown in schematic diagrams 11(c) and 11(d).
  • the 2 DMRSs when 2 cyclic shift values are used, the 2 DMRSs can be guaranteed to be orthogonal, and when the cyclic shift values are expanded from 2 to 4, 4 DMRSs can be guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • the duration of the sampling point or it can also be distributed to 3 terminals for use and so on. It should be noted that, in this design, if the 4 DMRSs are allocated to multiple terminals, the delay extensions of the multiple terminals are limited to not exceed the duration of N/4 time-domain sampling points.
  • the 2 DMRSs when 2 cyclic shift values are used, the 2 DMRSs can be guaranteed to be orthogonal, and when the cyclic shift values are extended from 2 to 8, 8 DMRSs can be guaranteed to be orthogonal.
  • Type 2 DMRS For Type 2 DMRS, more cyclic shift values can be used, for example, 2 orthogonal DMRSs are obtained from 2 cyclic shift values to achieve the purpose of expanding the number of DMRS.
  • Type 2 DMRS the superposition method of the orthogonal codes obtained by the cyclic shift value is different from that of Type 1 DMRS.
  • the cyclic shift values Corresponding to the orthogonal code ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1... ⁇ the cyclic shift value Corresponding to the orthogonal code ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, 1, -1... ⁇ .
  • the orthogonal codes generated by these two cyclic shift values are denoted as outer CS codes, which are respectively superimposed on the inner orthogonal codes ⁇ 1, 1, 1, 1, ... ⁇ to obtain two orthogonal DMRSs, where the inner
  • the orthogonal code is the frequency-domain orthogonal code as shown in Fig. 6(a).
  • the two DMRSs can be identified by ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , or ⁇ 4, 5 ⁇ , or ⁇ 8, 9 ⁇ .
  • the outer CS codes generated by the two cyclic shift values are respectively superimposed on the inner orthogonal codes ⁇ 1, -1, 1, -1, ... ⁇ to obtain another two orthogonal DMRS, refer to Figure 13(a ), the two DMRSs can be identified by ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ , or ⁇ 6, 7 ⁇ , or ⁇ 10, 11 ⁇ .
  • the number of orthogonal DMRSs that can be supported can be increased.
  • the use of the cyclic shift value itself limits the delay spread of the DMRS.
  • multiple DMRS allocated to the same terminal can be regarded as having the same delay spread.
  • the time The extension size is further limited.
  • FIG. 14 it is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of DMRS obtained by using different numbers of cyclic shift values in the time domain with a limited amount of delay spread.
  • FIG. 14 represents the maximum allowable delay spread using 2 cyclic shift values, and the delay spread can be quantified to the time represented by N/2 time-domain sampling points at most, and N time-domain samples The dots represent the total time the signal took.
  • (b) of FIG. 14 shows the allowable maximum delay extension amount using 4 cyclic shift values, and the delay extension amount can be quantized to the time represented by N/4 sampling points in the time domain at most. As the number of cyclic shift values increases, the allowable maximum delay extension will decrease.
  • the implementation method of the above-mentioned DMRS port expansion also belongs to a part of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the delay extension requirement of the user is not taken into consideration, so the assignment of the DMRS is not flexible enough and the efficiency is low.
  • FIG. 19(a) it is a communication method provided by the embodiment of this application. The method includes the following steps:
  • the reference signal in this method may be DMRS or other reference signals, which is not limited in this application.
  • DMRS or other reference signals, which is not limited in this application.
  • the following uses DMRS as an example for description.
  • Step 1901a the base station sends first indication information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication information.
  • the first indication information is included in the DCI.
  • the first indication information indicates a first group of reference signals, where the first group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the first group of reference signals belongs to a first reference signal set in at least two reference signal sets.
  • the reference signal here may be a DMRS or other reference signals.
  • DMRS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • the first indication information indicates a first group of DMRSs, the first group of DMRSs includes at least one DMRS, and the first group of DMRSs belongs to the first DMRS set of at least two DMRS sets.
  • Step 1902a the base station sends the DMRS in the first group of DMRSs to the first terminal, or the first terminal sends the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the base station sends the DMRS in the first group of DMRSs to the first terminal, so that the terminal can acquire the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs.
  • the above first indication information may be carried in the antenna port (Antenna port(s)) field of DCI format 1_1 or DCI format 1_2.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication information in the uplink direction, acquires the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs according to the first indication information, and then sends the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the above first indication information may be carried in the antenna port field of DCI format 0_1 or DCI format 0_2.
  • At least two reference signal sets are predefined, and the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two DMRS sets are different from each other, and the at least two DMRS sets occupy the same time-frequency resources, wherein the same DMRS set
  • the code division is orthogonal between different DMRSs in the DMRS.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the delay spread requirement of the first terminal may be determined according to the delay spread requirement of the first terminal, and corresponding to the minimum cyclic shift interval from the minimum cyclic shift interval Select one or more reference signals from the set of reference signals and configure them for the first terminal, so that the reference signals can be flexibly and efficiently configured for the first terminal according to the delay extension requirement of the first terminal.
  • the at least two DMRS sets described in the above step 1901a are predefined DMRS sets, one DMRS set includes one or more DMRSs, and a DMRS set may also be called multiple DMRSs.
  • the at least two DMRS sets occupy the same time-frequency resources. Specifically, different DMRSs in each DMRS set occupy the same time-frequency resources, and different DMRSs in different DMRS sets also occupy the same time-frequency resources.
  • code division orthogonality between DMRSs in any one of the at least two DMRS sets include a first DMRS set and a second DMRS set, any two DMRSs in the first DMRS set are orthogonal in code division, and any two DMRSs in the second DMRS set are orthogonal in code division.
  • the first DMRS set includes the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to port 1 in FIG.
  • the shift values remain code-division orthogonal.
  • the second DMRS set includes the DMRS corresponding to port 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 1, the DMRS corresponding to port 2, and the DMRS corresponding to port 3 in Figure 11(a), the DMRS corresponding to port 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 1, and the The corresponding DMRS and the DMRS corresponding to port 3 occupy the same time-frequency resource, and maintain code division orthogonality through four different cyclic shift values.
  • FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 11(a) represent the same block of resources, and each RE in FIG. 2(a) and FIG. 11(a) corresponds to the same.
  • the resources occupied by each DMRS in the first DMRS set include REs corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 0), REs corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 2), (symbol 2, subcarrier 2) in Figure 2(a). 4) The corresponding RE, the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 6), the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 8), and the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 10).
  • the resources occupied by each DMRS in the second DMRS set include REs corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 0), REs corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 2), (symbol 2, subcarrier 2) in Figure 11(a). 4) The corresponding RE, the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 6), the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 8), and the RE corresponding to (symbol 2, subcarrier 10).
  • Each of the at least two DMRS sets corresponds to a minimum cyclic shift interval, and the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two DMRS sets are different from each other.
  • the at least two DMRS sets include a first DMRS set, a second DMRS set and a third DMRS set, the first DMRS set corresponds to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the second DMRS set corresponds to the second minimum cyclic shift interval , the third DMRS set corresponds to the third minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval, the second minimum cyclic shift interval and the third minimum cyclic shift interval are different from each other.
  • Any DMRS in each DMRS set corresponds to a cyclic shift value.
  • the M cyclic shift values corresponding to the DMRS set are arranged according to a certain rule, the difference between two adjacent cyclic shift values after the arrangement is taken as For the cyclic shift interval, M cyclic shift values correspond to M cyclic shift intervals, and the minimum value among the M cyclic shift intervals is used as the minimum cyclic shift interval.
  • the M cyclic shift values can be set as ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 ,..., ⁇ M-1 ⁇ in ascending order, where the index of the cyclic shift value can be Use 0, 1, 2...M-1 to identify or ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ..., ⁇ M-1 symbols themselves to identify, because of the cyclic nature, M-1 and 0 are also two adjacent indexes.
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to these 2 DMRSs are respectively and where the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 1 is The cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 0 is
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval is the cyclic shift interval with the smallest median value of the two cyclic shift intervals, that is, the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the first DMRS set is
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to these 4 DMRSs are respectively There are 4 cyclic shift intervals, where the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 1 is The cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2 is ...the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 3 to ⁇ 0 is Wherein the minimum cyclic shift interval is the cyclic shift interval with the smallest median value among multiple cyclic shift intervals, that is, the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the second DMRS set is
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to these 4 DMRSs are respectively There are 8 cyclic shift intervals, where the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 1 is The cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2 is ...the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 3 to ⁇ 0 is Wherein the minimum cyclic shift interval is the cyclic shift interval with the smallest median value among multiple cyclic shift intervals, that is, the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the second DMRS set is
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to these 8 DMRSs are respectively There are multiple cyclic shift intervals, where the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 0 to ⁇ 1 is The cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 1 to ⁇ 2 is ...the cyclic shift interval from ⁇ 7 to ⁇ 0 is Wherein the minimum cyclic shift interval is the cyclic shift interval with the smallest median value among multiple cyclic shift intervals, that is, the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the second DMRS set is and so on.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is also referred to as the cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set.
  • DMRSs in the same DMRS set can be allocated to one terminal, or can be allocated to multiple terminals.
  • the DMRSs in the first DMRS set may be allocated to the first terminal for data transmission between the first terminal and the base station.
  • the DMRSs in the above-mentioned first DMRS set may be allocated to the first terminal and the second terminal, wherein the DMRS allocated to the first terminal is used for data transmission between the first terminal and the base station, and the DMRS allocated to the second terminal is used for data transmission between the first terminal and the base station.
  • DMRS is used for data transmission between the second terminal and the base station.
  • the DMRS in the first DMRS set is allocated to the first terminal for data transmission between the first terminal and the base station, and the DMRS in the second DMRS set is allocated to the second terminal for use between the second terminal and the base station data transmission; the DMRS in the third DMRS set is allocated to the third terminal for data transmission between the third terminal and the base station, and so on.
  • the DMRS in the third DMRS set is allocated to the third terminal for data transmission between the third terminal and the base station, and so on.
  • the base station and each terminal may acquire the above at least two DMRS sets through protocol definition or pre-configuration, or store the above at least two DMRS sets in advance, or generate the above at least two DMRS sets according to a formula,
  • the method for the base station and the terminal to acquire at least two DMRS sets there is no limitation on the method for the base station and the terminal to acquire at least two DMRS sets.
  • the relationship between the DMRS set and the CDM group is as follows:
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0 and port 1
  • port 0 and port 1 are distinguished by superimposing different frequency-domain orthogonal codes
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and port 1 correspond to DMRS constitute a DMRS set
  • CDM group 1 includes port 2 and port 3, and port 2 and port 3 are distinguished by superimposing different frequency domain orthogonal codes.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 2 and the DMRS corresponding to port 3 constitute another DMRS collection.
  • the DMRSs corresponding to the ports with the same time-domain orthogonal codes in the CDM group are divided into the same DMRS gather.
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 4, and port 5, where port 0 and port 1 are superimposed with different frequency-domain orthogonal codes, and superimposed with the same time-domain orthogonal code, Then the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to port 1 form a DMRS set, and port 4 and port 5 superimpose different frequency domain orthogonal codes, and superimpose the same time domain orthogonal code, then the DMRS corresponding to port 4 and port 5
  • the corresponding DMRS constitute a DMRS set, where the time-domain orthogonal code superimposed on port 0 and port 1 is different from the time-domain orthogonal code superimposed on port 4 and port 5 .
  • CDM group 1 includes port 2, port 3, port 6 and port 7. According to the same division method as CDM group 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 2 and the DMRS corresponding to port 3 form a DMRS set, and the DMRS corresponding to port 6 and port The DMRSs corresponding to 7 form a DMRS set.
  • the DMRSs corresponding to ports with the same inner layer orthogonal codes in the CDM group are assigned to the same DMRS gather.
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 2 and port 3, where port 0 and port 1 are superimposed with different frequency-domain orthogonal codes, and superimposed with the same inner layer orthogonal code, Then the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to port 1 constitute a DMRS set, and port 2 and port 3 are superimposed with different frequency-domain orthogonal codes, and superimposed with the same inner layer orthogonal code, then the DMRS corresponding to port 2 and port 3 The corresponding DMRS constitute a DMRS set, where the inner orthogonal code superimposed on port 0 and port 1 is different from the inner orthogonal code superimposed on port 2 and port 3 .
  • CDM group 1 includes port 4, port 5, port 6 and port 7. According to the same division method as CDM group 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 4 and the DMRS corresponding to port 5 form a DMRS set, and the DMRS corresponding to port 6 and port The DMRSs corresponding to 7 form a DMRS set.
  • CDM group 2 includes port 8, port 9, port 10 and port 11. According to the same division method as CDM group 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 8 and the DMRS corresponding to port 8 constitute a DMRS set, and the DMRS corresponding to port 10 and port The DMRSs corresponding to 11 form a DMRS set.
  • CDM group 0 includes port 0, port 1, port 2, port 3, port 12, port 13, port 14 and port 15, where port 0 and port 1 are superimposed with different frequency domain orthogonal codes , and the same inner layer orthogonal code and the same time domain orthogonal code are superimposed, then the DMRS corresponding to port 0 and the DMRS corresponding to port 1 form a DMRS set, and port 2 and port 3 are superimposed with different frequency domain orthogonal codes, And the same inner layer orthogonal code and the same time domain orthogonal code are superimposed, then the DMRS corresponding to port 2 and the DMRS corresponding to port 3 form a DMRS set, and port 12 and port 13 are superimposed with different frequency domain orthogonal codes, and The same inner layer orthogonal code and
  • CDM group 1 includes port 4, port 5, port 6, port 7, port 16, port 17, port 18, and port 19. According to the same division method as CDM group 0, the DMRS corresponding to port 4 and the DMRS corresponding to port 5 A DMRS set is formed. The DMRS corresponding to port 6 and the DMRS corresponding to port 7 form a DMRS set. The DMRS corresponding to port 16 and the DMRS corresponding to port 17 form a DMRS set. The DMRS corresponding to port 18 and the DMRS corresponding to port 19 form a DMRS set. DMRS collection.
  • CDM group 2 includes port 8, port 9, port 10, port 11, port 20, port 21, port 22 and port 23.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 8 and the DMRS corresponding to port 9 A DMRS set is formed.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 10 and the DMRS corresponding to port 11 form a DMRS set.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 20 and the DMRS corresponding to port 21 form a DMRS set.
  • the DMRS corresponding to port 22 and the DMRS corresponding to port 23 form a DMRS set.
  • the at least two DMRS sets mentioned in the above step 1901a of the embodiment of the present application may correspond to different CDM groups, and the DMRSs in these CDM groups occupy the same time-frequency resources, that is, in the same CDM group in these CDM groups Different DMRSs occupy the same time-frequency resources, and different DMRSs in different CDM groups in these CDM groups also occupy the same time-frequency resources.
  • a DMRS set includes M DMRSs, each DMRS corresponds to a port, each DMRS corresponds to a cyclic shift value, and M is an integer greater than 1.
  • DMRS set includes 2 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the two DMRS are: As shown in Table 1.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is
  • the two DMRS corresponding to ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 shown in Table 1 occupy the same time-frequency resource position.
  • the time-frequency resource pattern of DMRS is shown in Figure 2(a).
  • the DMRS set can be composed of ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇
  • a set composed of corresponding 2 DMRSs, the DMRS set may also be a set composed of 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ .
  • the time-frequency resources occupied by the two DMRSs corresponding to the ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ are the same as the time-frequency resources occupied by the two DMRSs corresponding to the ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ , corresponding to the ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇
  • the 2 DMRSs of are distinguished from the 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ by superimposing different time-domain orthogonal codes.
  • DMRS set includes 4 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the four DMRS are: As shown in table 2.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is
  • the four DMRS corresponding to the four cyclic shift values shown in Table 2 occupy the same time-frequency resource position.
  • the time-frequency resource pattern of the DMRS is shown in Figure 11(a).
  • the DMRS set can be composed of ports ⁇ 0, 1 , 2, 3 ⁇ corresponding to a set of 4 DMRSs, and the DMRS set may also be a set of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ .
  • DMRS set includes 8 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the eight DMRS are: as shown in Table 3.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is
  • the 8 DMRS corresponding to the 8 cyclic shift values shown in Table 3 occupy the same time-frequency resource position.
  • the time-frequency resource pattern of DMRS is shown in Figure 11(c).
  • the DMRS set can be composed of ports ⁇ 0, 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ corresponding to a set of 8 DMRS, and the DMRS set can also be 8 corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ A collection of DMRS.
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 2 DMRSs is called DMRS set 1
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 4 DMRSs is called DMRS set 2
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 8 DMRSs is called DMRS set 1.
  • at least two DMRS sets include the DMRS set 1, which can be passed
  • the first indication information indicates one or more DMRSs in the DMRS set 1 to the first terminal.
  • At least two DMRS sets include the DMRS set 2, which may One or more DMRSs in the DMRS set 2 are indicated to the first terminal through the first indication information.
  • at least two DMRS sets include the DMRS set 3, which can be passed
  • the first indication information indicates one or more DMRSs in the DMRS set 3 to the first terminal.
  • the DMRS set includes 1 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the one DMRS are: As shown in Table 4.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is 2 ⁇ .
  • the DMRS can be DMRS 1 or DMRS 2.
  • DMRS 1 and DMRS 2 perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through the inner layer orthogonal code, and the meaning of the inner layer orthogonal code can refer to the foregoing description.
  • the DMRS 1 can form a DMRS set alone, and the DMRS 2 can also form a DMRS set alone.
  • the DMRS set contains DMRS 1 or contains DMRS 2.
  • DMRS set includes 2 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the two DMRS are: As shown in Table 5.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is
  • the cyclic shift values ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 shown in Table 5 correspond to DMRS 3 and DMRS 4, or correspond to DMRS 5 and DMRS 6, as shown in FIG. 15( b ).
  • the DMRS set includes DMRS 3 and DMRS 4, or includes DMRS 5 and DMRS 6. Wherein, DMRS 3, DMRS 4, DMRS 5 and DMRS 6 occupy the same time-frequency resource position.
  • DMRS 3 and DMRS 4 perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through outer layer orthogonal codes (that is, orthogonal codes generated by different cyclic shift values), and DMRS 5 and DMRS 6 use outer layer orthogonal codes (that is, different cyclic shift values The generated orthogonal code) performs code division orthogonal multiplexing, and ⁇ DMRS 3, DMRS 4 ⁇ and ⁇ DMRS 5, DMRS 6 ⁇ perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through the inner layer orthogonal code.
  • Performing code-division orthogonal multiplexing through outer orthogonal codes may also be referred to as performing code-division orthogonal multiplexing through different cyclic shift values.
  • DMRS set includes 4 DMRS
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the four DMRS are: As shown in Table 6.
  • the minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the DMRS set is
  • the cyclic shift values ⁇ 0 , ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , and ⁇ 3 shown in Table 6 correspond to DMRS 7, DMRS 8, DMRS 9, and DMRS 10 respectively, or respectively correspond to DMRS 11, DMRS 12, DMRS 13, DMRS 14, DMRS
  • the set includes DMRS 7, DMRS 8, DMRS 9, and DMRS 10, or includes DMRS 11, DMRS 12, DMRS 13, and DMRS 14.
  • DMRS 7, DMRS 8, DMRS 9, DMRS 10, DMRS 11, DMRS 12, DMRS 13, and DMRS 14 occupy the same time-frequency resource position.
  • DMRS 7, DMRS 8, DMRS 9 and DMRS 10 perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through the outer layer orthogonal code
  • DMRS 11, DMRS 12, DMRS 13 and DMRS 14 perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through the outer layer orthogonal code
  • ⁇ DMRS 7, DMRS 8, DMRS 9, DMRS 10 ⁇ and ⁇ DMRS 11, DMRS 12, DMRS 13, DMRS 14 ⁇ perform code division orthogonal multiplexing through inner layer orthogonal codes.
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 1 DMRS is called DMRS set a
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 2 DMRSs is called DMRS set b
  • the above-mentioned DMRS set including 4 DMRSs is called DMRS set b.
  • DMRS collection c if the delay spread of the first terminal matches the cyclic shift orthogonal space corresponding to 1 cyclic shift value, then at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set a, through the first The indication information indicates a DMRS in the DMRS set a to the first terminal.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set b, which may Indicating one or more DMRSs in the DMRS set b to the first terminal through the first indication information.
  • at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set c, which may Indicating one or more DMRSs in the DMRS set c to the first terminal through the first indication information.
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two DMRSs indicated by the first indication information may be the same neighboring. That is, the cyclic shift values corresponding to the DMRSs in the first DMRS set are sorted, and the cyclic shift values corresponding to at least two DMRSs indicated by the first indication information are adjacent in this sorting.
  • the cyclic shift orthogonal spaces corresponding to the two DMRSs are continuous, that is, the cyclic shifts that have been allocated to the first terminal
  • the orthogonal space is continuous, so the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space is also continuous, so that the remaining cyclic shift orthogonal space can be flexibly allocated to other terminals, and the other terminals can have the same delay extension as the first terminal
  • the volume requirements may also have different delay extension volume requirements. Because the method can implement code division multiplexing reference signals between terminals with different requirements for time delay extension, it can realize flexible and efficient allocation of DMRS, and realize full utilization of code division multiplexing capability.
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two DMRSs are adjacent, specifically: the indexes of the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two DMRSs are continuous, and the cyclic shift The index of the value is used to identify the circular shift value.
  • the above-mentioned first indication information may indicate indexes of at least two consecutive cyclic shift values, so as to indicate to the first terminal at least two DMRS corresponding to continuous cyclic shift orthogonal spaces, the The method is simple and easy to implement.
  • the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the first DMRS set is a default value.
  • the first terminal may receive the first group of DMRSs from the base station according to the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information and the default first minimum cyclic shift interval, or the first terminal may receive the first group of DMRSs from the base station according to The first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information and the default first minimum cyclic shift interval determine the first group of DMRSs, and then send the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the first indication information indicates the first group of DMRSs, and also indicates the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first DMRS set.
  • the first terminal may receive the first group of DMRSs from the base station according to the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information and the indicated first minimum cyclic shift interval, or the first terminal may receive the first group of DMRSs from the base station according to the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first group of DMRSs indicated by the indication information and the indicated first minimum cyclic shift interval determine the first group of DMRSs, and then send the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the base station further sends second indication information to the first terminal, which is used to indicate the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first DMRS set.
  • the first terminal may receive the first group of DMRSs from the base station according to the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information and the first minimum cyclic shift interval indicated by the second indication information, or the first group of DMRSs from the base station A terminal determines the first group of DMRSs according to the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information and the first minimum cyclic shift interval indicated by the second indication information, and then sends the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the second indication information and the first indication information may be carried in different signaling, for example, the first indication information is carried in DCI, the second indication information is carried in RRC, or the second indication information and
  • the foregoing first indication information is carried in different fields of the same signaling, for example, the first indication information and the second indication information are carried in different fields of the same DCI.
  • the first terminal may determine the first minimum cyclic shift interval according to the default value, the first indication information, or the second indication information, and then determine the value range of the cyclic shift value according to the first minimum cyclic shift interval, and then according to The value range of the cyclic shift value and the first indication information acquire the DMRSs of the first group of DMRSs.
  • the first minimum cyclic shift interval is equal to Then the first terminal determines that the value range of the cyclic shift value is For example, if the first indication information contains indexes of ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 , the DMRS acquired by the first terminal includes Corresponding DMRS and Corresponding DMRS.
  • the base station may also send third indication information to the first terminal, where the third indication information indicates the segment size of the cyclic shift of the first group of DMRSs.
  • the cyclic shift segment size refers to the size of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space occupied by the DMRS allocated to the terminal.
  • FIG. 16( a ) it is a schematic diagram of the size of cyclic shift segments.
  • the first group of DMRSs indicated by the first indication information includes 2 DMRSs, the two DMRSs are from the first DMRS set, and the first DMRS set includes 8 DMRSs, and the 8 DMRSs correspond to the DMRSs shown in Table 3 above.
  • the 8 cyclic shift values of , the 2 DMRS indicated by the first indication information correspond to and
  • the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of DMRS indicated by the third indication information is Indicates that the size of the cyclic shift space or orthogonal code division space occupied by each DMRS allocated to the first terminal is
  • the third indication information and the first indication information are carried in different fields of the same signaling, for example, carried in different fields of the same DCI.
  • the third indication information and the above first indication information are carried in different signaling, for example, the third indication information is carried in RRC, and the first indication information is carried in DCI.
  • the embodiment of the present application may define one or more tables, and both the terminal and the base station may pre-store one or more tables in the following tables.
  • the above embodiment of Fig. 19(a) can be implemented in combination with the following table. Exemplarily, the table is as follows.
  • DMRS port combination includes one or more DMRS ports, and each DMRS port number corresponds to a DMRS.
  • the DMRS set includes 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , or includes 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ . If at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 0 in the table 7(a), It indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port 0 is indicated to the first terminal, and when the first indication information is the field value 1 in Table 7(a), it indicates the DMRS corresponding to port 1 is indicated to the first terminal.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 2 in the table 7(a), It indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port 2 is indicated to the first terminal, and when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 3 in the table 7(a), it indicates the DMRS corresponding to port 3 is indicated to the first terminal.
  • the DMRS set includes 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ , or includes 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ . If at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set consisting of two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 0 in the table 7(b), It means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to the ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ .
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 2 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 1 in the table 7(b), It means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 2, 3 ⁇ .
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ , or 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ DMRS.
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 8(a)
  • a field value of 0 indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 0 ⁇ is indicated to the first terminal
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 1 in Table 8(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 2 in the table 8(a)
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here
  • a field value of 4 indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 4 ⁇ is indicated to the first terminal
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 5 in the table 8(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 6 in the table 8(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is
  • the field value 7 in the table 8(a) indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 7 ⁇ is indicated to the first terminal.
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ , or 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ DMRS.
  • a field value of 0 means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 2 ⁇
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 1 in Table 8(b)
  • it means indicating the port to the first terminal For the two DMRSs corresponding to ⁇ 1, 3 ⁇ , when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 2 in Table 8(b), it means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ .
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 8(b)
  • a field value of 3 means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 6 ⁇ , and when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 4 in Table 8(b), it means indicating the port to the first terminal
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 5 in the table 8(b)
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ , or 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ DMRS. If at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ here, when the above first indication information is in the table 8(c) A field value of 0 indicates that the three DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 8(c)
  • a field value of 1 means indicating to the first terminal the three DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6 ⁇ .
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ , or 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ DMRS. If at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 8(d) A field value of 0 indicates that the four DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 8(d) A field value of 1 indicates that the four DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal.
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , or includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ correspond to 8 DMRS.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above first indication information is The field value 0 in the table 9(a) indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 0 ⁇ is indicated to the first terminal, and when the above-mentioned first indication information indicates the field value 1 in the table 9(a), then Indicates indicating to the first terminal a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 1 ⁇ , and when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 2 in Table 9(a), it indicates indicating to the first terminal a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 2 ⁇ DMRS, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 3 in the table 9(a), it means indicating to the first terminal a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 3 ⁇ , when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value in the table 9(a) ) in the field value
  • the at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set consisting of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇
  • the above first indication information is The field value 8 in the table 9(a) indicates that a DMRS corresponding to port ⁇ 8 ⁇ is indicated to the first terminal
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 9 in the table 9(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 10 in the table 9(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 11 in the table 9(a)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value in the table 9(a)
  • the field value 12 in indicates to the
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , or includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ correspond to 8 DMRS.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above first indication information is The field value 0 in the table 9(b) means indicating to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to the ports ⁇ 0, 2 ⁇ , when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 1 in the table 9(b), It means to indicate to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to the port ⁇ 1, 3 ⁇ , and when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 2 in the table 9 (b), it means to indicate to the first terminal the port ⁇ 0, 1 ⁇ corresponding to the two DMRSs, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 3 in the table 9(b), it means to indicate to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 6 ⁇ , when the above-mentioned first indication If the information is the field value 4 in the
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value in the table 9(b) 5
  • the at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set consisting of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇
  • the above first indication information is The field value 6 in the table 9(b) indicates to the first terminal the two DMRSs corresponding to the port ⁇ 8, 10 ⁇
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 7 in the table 9(b)
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value 8 in the table 9 (b)
  • DMRS Type1 Under the OFDM waveform, DMRS Type1, DMRS occupies 1 OFDM symbol, and the DMRS time-frequency resource mapping pattern is shown in Figure 11(c).
  • the DMRS port number combination can be as shown in Table 9 ( c) as shown.
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , or includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ correspond to 8 DMRS.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above first indication information is The field value 0 in the table 9(c) indicates that the 3 DMRSs corresponding to the port ⁇ 0, 1, 2 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal, when the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value in the table 9(c) 1, it means indicating to the first terminal the three DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6 ⁇ .
  • the at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set consisting of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇
  • the above first indication information is The field value 2 in the table 9(c) indicates that the 3 DMRSs corresponding to the port ⁇ 8, 9, 10 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal
  • the above-mentioned first indication information is the field value in the table 9(c) 3, which means indicating to the first terminal the three DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 12, 13, 14 ⁇ .
  • the DMRS set includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ , or includes 4 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9 , 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ correspond to 8 DMRS.
  • At least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set composed of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ here, when the above first indication information is
  • the field value 0 in the table 9(d) indicates that the 4 DMRSs corresponding to the port ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal, when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 9(d)
  • a field value of 1 indicates that the four DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 4, 5, 6, 7 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal.
  • the at least two DMRS sets in the above step 1901a include the DMRS set consisting of 8 DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ , when the above first indication information is
  • the field value 2 in the table 9(d) indicates to the first terminal the four DMRSs corresponding to the ports ⁇ 8, 9, 10, 11 ⁇ , when the above-mentioned first indication information is in the table 9(d)
  • a field value of 3 indicates that the four DMRSs corresponding to ports ⁇ 12, 13, 14, 15 ⁇ are indicated to the first terminal.
  • field values 0-1 correspond to Table 7(b)
  • field values 2-7 correspond to Table 8(b).
  • the embodiment of the present application proposes to increase the number of data layers transmitted by increasing the number of DMRSs, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the transmission rate.
  • the delay extension of the terminal will be further limited.
  • the number of DMRSs is expanded from 2 to 4
  • the expanded DMRSs can be allocated to multiple terminals whose delay spread is not greater than N/4 for multiplexing, but there are actually terminals whose delay spread is greater than N/4. Terminals, this design cannot enable these terminals to be paired, that is, the expanded DMRS cannot enable DMRS multiplexing between a terminal with a small delay spread and a terminal with a large delay spread.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide corresponding solutions.
  • the following uses two terminals to perform DMRS multiplexing as an example for description.
  • the method for implementing DMRS multiplexing by more than two terminals is similar to the method for two terminals to perform DMRS multiplexing, and will not be repeated here.
  • FIG. 19(b) is a schematic diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1901b the base station sends first indication information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the first indication information.
  • Step 1902b the base station sends the DMRS in the first group of DMRSs to the first terminal, or the first terminal sends the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • step 1901b to step 1902b is the same as that of the above step 1901a to step 1902a, and will not be repeated here.
  • Step 1903b the base station sends fourth indication information to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the fourth indication information.
  • the fourth indication information is included in the DCI.
  • the fourth indication information indicates a second group of DMRSs, the second group of DMRSs includes at least one DMRS, and the second group of DMRSs belongs to a second DMRS set in at least two DMRS sets.
  • Step 1904b the base station sends the DMRS in the second group of DMRSs to the second terminal, or the second terminal sends the DMRSs in the second group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • step 1902b the base station sends the DMRS in the first group of DMRS to the first terminal, then in step 1904b, the base station sends the DMRS in the second group of DMRS to the second terminal, so that the terminal can
  • the DMRSs in the first group of DMRSs and the DMRSs in the second group of DMRSs are obtained.
  • the first terminal obtains the DMRS in the first group of DMRS according to the first indication information, and then sends the DMRS in the first group of DMRS to the base station
  • the second terminal acquires the DMRSs in the second group of DMRSs according to the fourth indication information, and then sends the DMRSs in the second group of DMRSs to the base station.
  • the minimum cyclic shift corresponding to the delay spread requirement of the terminal can be determined according to the delay spread requirement of the terminal. bit interval, and select one or more reference signals from the reference signal set corresponding to the minimum cyclic shift interval to be configured for the terminal, so as to achieve flexible and efficient configuration of reference signals for the terminal according to the delay extension requirements of the terminal.
  • reference signals in different DMRS sets can be configured for different terminals, thereby realizing code-division orthogonal multiplexing DMRS between multiple terminals, which can save time-frequency resources overhead, and because the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to different DMRS sets are different from each other, so that terminals with different delay spread requirements can code division orthogonal multiplex DMRS, that is, terminals with smaller delay spread requirements and Code division multiplexing is performed between terminals with large delay extension requirements, thereby fully improving the code division orthogonal multiplexing capability.
  • the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the first DMRS set is a default value, or is indicated by the above-mentioned first indication information, or is indicated by the above-mentioned second indication information.
  • the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the first DMRS set is a default value, or is indicated by the above-mentioned first indication information, or is indicated by the above-mentioned second indication information.
  • the second minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the second DMRS set is a default value, or indicated by the fourth indication information above, or indicated by the sixth indication information, and the specific implementation is the same as the first minimum Various implementation methods of the cyclic shift value are similar, and reference may be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated here.
  • the sixth indication information and the fourth indication information are carried in different fields of the same signaling, such as carried in different fields of the same DCI.
  • the sixth indication information and the above fourth indication information are carried in different signaling, for example, the sixth indication information is carried in RRC, and the fourth indication information is carried in DCI.
  • the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the first DMRS set is different from the second minimum cyclic shift interval corresponding to the second DMRS set.
  • the base station may also send third indication information to the first terminal, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of DMRSs, and send fifth indication information to the second terminal, where the first The five indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment size of the second group of DMRSs.
  • the size of the cyclic shift segment of the first group of DMRS is different from the size of the cyclic shift segment of the second group of DMRS.
  • the cyclic shift segment size refers to the size of the cyclic shift space or the orthogonal code division space occupied by the DMRS allocated to the terminal. Referring to FIG.
  • the cyclic shift segment size corresponding to the DMRS allocated to terminal 1 is The cyclic shift segment size corresponding to the DMRS assigned to terminal 2 is The cyclic shift segment size corresponding to the DMRS assigned to terminal 3 is For example, if the first terminal is terminal 1 and the second terminal is terminal 2, the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of DMRS allocated to the first terminal is The cyclic shift segment size of the second group of DMRS allocated to the second terminal is If the first terminal is terminal 2 and the second terminal is terminal 3, the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of DMRS allocated to the first terminal is The cyclic shift segment size of the second group of DMRS allocated to the second terminal is
  • the base station allocates DMRS to multiple terminals, that is, multiple terminals perform DMRS code division multiplexing, and the multiple terminals include the above-mentioned first terminal and second terminal.
  • the total number of DMRSs allocated to the multiple terminals is N, where N is an integer greater than 1.
  • the N DMRSs are in one-to-one correspondence with N cyclic shift values, each DMRS corresponds to a cyclic shift value, and the N DMRSs include the first group of DMRSs and the second group of DMRSs.
  • the N cyclic shift values are different from each other, the N cyclic shift values correspond to N cyclic shift intervals, and any one of the N cyclic shift intervals is used to represent the N cyclic shift intervals
  • Fig. 16(c) is a schematic diagram of the cyclic shift interval.
  • DMRS code division multiplexing is performed by terminal 1, terminal 2 and terminal 3, wherein the first terminal and the second terminal may be any two different terminals among terminal 1, terminal 2 and terminal 3.
  • the cyclic shift value corresponding to the DMRS assigned to terminal 1 is:
  • the cyclic shift value corresponding to the DMRS allocated to terminal 2 is:
  • DMRS code division multiplexing is performed between the terminal 1 and the terminal 2, and the delay extension corresponding to the terminal 2 is twice the delay extension corresponding to the terminal 1.
  • the base station allocates two DMRSs to terminal 1, the two DMRSs correspond to ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 respectively, and the base station allocates one DMRS to terminal 2, and the DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 1 .
  • DMRS code division multiplexing is performed among Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Terminal 3, the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 3 is twice the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 2, and the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 2 is The extension amount is twice the delay extension amount corresponding to terminal 1.
  • the base station allocates 2 DMRSs to terminal 1, the 2 DMRSs correspond to ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 respectively, the base station allocates 1 DMRS to terminal 2, and this DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 1 , the base station allocates 1 DMRS to terminal 3, and this DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 1 .
  • DMRS code division multiplexing is performed between the terminal 1 and the terminal 2, and the delay extension corresponding to the terminal 2 is twice the delay extension corresponding to the terminal 1.
  • the base station allocates two DMRSs to terminal 1, the two DMRSs correspond to ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 respectively, and the base station allocates one DMRS to terminal 2, and the DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 0 .
  • DMRS 3 and DMRS 4 are allocated to Terminal 1
  • DMRS 2 is allocated to Terminal 2
  • DMRS 2 has the same meaning as DMRS 2 in Figure 15(a)
  • DMRS 3 has the same meaning as DMRS 3 and DMRS 4 in Fig. 15(b).
  • DMRS code division multiplexing is performed among Terminal 1, Terminal 2, and Terminal 3, the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 3 is twice the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 2, and the delay extension corresponding to Terminal 2 is The extension amount is twice the delay extension amount corresponding to terminal 1.
  • the base station allocates 2 DMRSs to terminal 1, the 2 DMRSs correspond to ⁇ 0 and ⁇ 1 respectively, the base station allocates 1 DMRS to terminal 2, the DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 1 , the base station allocates 1 DMRS to terminal 3, and the DMRS corresponds to ⁇ 0 .
  • the base station and the terminal include corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for performing various functions.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with reference to the units and method steps of the examples described in the embodiments disclosed in the present application. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software drives the hardware depends on the specific application scenario and design constraints of the technical solution.
  • FIG. 20 and FIG. 21 are schematic structural diagrams of possible communication devices provided by the embodiments of the present application. These communication devices can be used to implement the functions of the terminal or the base station in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also realize the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the communication device may be one of the terminals 120a-120j shown in FIG. 1, or the base station 110a or 110b shown in FIG. 1, or a terminal or a base station Modules (such as chips).
  • a communication device 2000 includes a processing unit 2010 and a transceiver unit 2020 .
  • the communication device 2000 is configured to realize the functions of the terminal or the base station in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 19( a ) or FIG. 19( b ).
  • the transceiver unit 2020 is configured to send the first terminal to the first terminal Indication information, the first indication information indicates a first group of reference signals, the first group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the reference signals in the first group of reference signals belong to a first reference signal set, the The first reference signal set is one of at least two reference signal sets, the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets occupy the same time-frequency resource
  • the transceiver unit 2020 is further configured to send the at least one reference signal in the first group of reference signals to the first terminal, or receive all the reference signals in the first group of reference signals from the first terminal at least one reference signal.
  • the first indication information further indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to send second indication information to the first terminal, where the second indication information indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum The cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • each of the reference signals in the at least two reference signal sets corresponds to a cyclic shift value
  • the first group of reference signals includes at least two reference signals
  • the at least two The reference signals belong to the first reference signal set
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent.
  • the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent, including: indexes of the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are consecutive, and the index of the cyclic shift value is used to identify the cyclic shift value.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to send third indication information to the first terminal, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment of the first group of reference signals size.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to send fourth indication information to the second terminal, where the fourth indication information indicates a second group of reference signals, and the second group of reference signals includes at least A reference signal, the reference signal in the second group of reference signals belongs to a second reference signal set, the second reference signal set is one of the at least two reference signal sets, and the second reference signal set is the same as The first reference signal sets are different.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to send third indication information to the first terminal, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift segment of the first group of reference signals size; sending fifth indication information to the second terminal, the fifth indication information indicating the cyclic shift segment size of the second group of reference signals; wherein, the cyclic shift segment size of the first group of reference signals The segment size is different from the cyclic shift segment size of the second set of reference signals.
  • the N reference signals allocated to at least two terminals correspond to the N cyclic shift values one by one
  • the at least two terminals include the first terminal and the second terminal
  • the N reference signals include the first group of reference signals and the second group of reference signals
  • the N cyclic shift values are different from each other
  • the N cyclic shift values correspond to N cyclic shift intervals
  • any one of the N cyclic shift intervals is used to represent the interval between two adjacent cyclic shift values in the N cyclic shift intervals
  • the N cyclic shift intervals There are at least two cyclic shift intervals with different values in the shift interval, and N is an integer greater than 1.
  • the transceiver unit 2020 is used to receive First indication information of network access equipment, where the first indication information indicates a first group of reference signals, the first group of reference signals includes at least one reference signal, and the reference signals in the first group of reference signals belong to the first reference signal A signal set, the first reference signal set is one of at least two reference signal sets, the minimum cyclic shift intervals corresponding to the at least two reference signal sets are different from each other, and the at least two reference signal sets occupy The same time-frequency resource; a processing unit 2010, configured to acquire the at least one reference signal in the first group of reference signals according to the first indication information.
  • the first indication information further indicates a first minimum cyclic shift interval, and the first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to receive second indication information from the radio access network device, the second indication information indicating the first minimum cyclic shift interval, the The first minimum cyclic shift interval corresponds to the first reference signal set.
  • each of the reference signals in the at least two reference signal sets corresponds to a cyclic shift value
  • the first group of reference signals includes at least two reference signals
  • the at least two The reference signals belong to the first reference signal set
  • the cyclic shift values corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent.
  • the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are adjacent, including: indexes of the cyclic shift values respectively corresponding to the at least two reference signals are consecutive, and the index of the cyclic shift value is used to identify the cyclic shift value.
  • the transceiving unit 2020 is further configured to receive third indication information from the wireless access network device, where the third indication information indicates the cyclic shift of the first group of reference signals Bit segment size.
  • processing unit 2010 and the transceiver unit 2020 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 19( a ) or FIG. 19( b ), and will not be repeated here.
  • a communication device 2100 includes a processor 2110 and an interface circuit 2120 .
  • the processor 2110 and the interface circuit 2120 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 2120 may be a transceiver or an input/output interface.
  • the communication device 2100 may further include a memory 2130 for storing instructions executed by the processor 2110 or storing input data required by the processor 2110 to execute the instructions or storing data generated after the processor 2110 executes the instructions.
  • the processor 2110 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 2010, and the interface circuit 2120 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 2020.
  • the terminal chip implements the functions of the terminal in the above method embodiment.
  • the terminal chip receives information from other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the terminal by the base station; or, the terminal chip sends information to other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the The information is sent by the terminal to the base station.
  • the base station module implements the functions of the base station in the above method embodiment.
  • the base station module receives information from other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the base station by the terminal; or, the base station module sends information to other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), the The information is sent by the base station to the terminal.
  • the base station module here may be a baseband chip of the base station, or a DU or other modules, and the DU here may be a DU under an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture.
  • OF-RAN open radio access network
  • the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware, or may be implemented by means of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC can be located in the base station or the terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the base station or the terminal as discrete components.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer programs or instructions.
  • a computer program (English: Computer Program) refers to a set of instructions that instructs each step of an electronic computer or other equipment with message processing capabilities. It is usually written in a programming language and runs on a certain target architecture. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, a base station, a terminal or other programmable devices.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrating one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it may also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; and it may also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk.
  • the computer readable storage medium may be a volatile or a nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.
  • “at least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the contextual objects are an “or” relationship; in the formulas of this application, the character “/” indicates that the contextual objects are a "division” Relationship.

Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法及通信装置。该方法包括：预先定义至少两个参考信号集合，且该至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源，同一个参考信号集合内的不同参考信号之间码分正交。在为第一终端分配参考信号时，可以根据第一终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该第一终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给第一终端，实现了根据第一终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为第一终端配置参考信号。

Description

一种通信方法及通信装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年08月05日提交中国专利局、申请号为202110896815.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法及通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及通信装置。
背景技术
解调参考信号(demodulation reference signal，DMRS)是一种用于上行或者下行信道估计，进而解调数据的参考信号。现有通信系统，为了增加频谱效率，可以实现在相同的时频资源上传输多层数据，DMRS与数据一起发送，每层数据对应一个DMRS。为了更好的估计信道、解调数据，多层数据对应的多个DMRS是正交的。
现有新无线(newradio，NR)系统中，下行单用户多输入多输出(singal user-multiple input and multiple output，SU-MIMO)最多支持8层，上行SU-MIMO最多支持4层。无线接入网设备需要根据用户的传输层数分配DMRS组合。上行和下行的多用户多输入多输出(multi user-multiple input and multiple output，MU-MIMO)支持的传输层数都是最多12层，其中每个用户的层数最多为4层。数据传输前，无线接入网设备需要根据用户传输的层数、信道条件等为其分配相应的DMRS，每一层对应一个DMRS。
目前，在为用户分配相应DMRS时，该用户的时延扩展量受限于DMRS的可允许时延扩展量，现有技术中，为用户进行DMRS分配时不能考虑到该用户的时延扩展量要求，从而产生DMRS分配不够灵活及效率低的问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法及通信装置，用以实现根据终端的时延扩展量要求为其分配相应的参考信号，从而实现参考信号的灵活和高效分配。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由无线接入网设备或应用于无线接入网设备中的模块(如芯片)来执行。该方法包括：向第一终端发送第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，该第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，该第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，该第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，该至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；向该第一终端发送该第一组参考信号的该至少一个参考信号，或者接收来自该第一终端的该第一组参考信号的该至少一个参考信号。
基于上述方案，预先定义至少两个参考信号集合，且该至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源，因此同 一个参考信号集合内的不同参考信号之间码分正交复用。在为第一终端分配参考信号时，可以根据第一终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该第一终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给第一终端，实现了根据第一终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为第一终端配置参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一参考信号集合。
基于上述方案，第一终端可以根据第一指示信息确定第一最小循环移位间隔，根据第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一参考信号集合，根据该第一参考信号集合和第一指示信息，准确获知第一指示信息所指示的参考信号来自于第一参考信号集合中的哪些参考信号，有助于第一终端准确确定第一指示信息指示的参考信号，从而提升通信效率和准确性。并且，该第一指示信息既指示了第一组参考信号，还指示了第一最小循环移位间隔，相较于通过两个不同的指示信息分别指示第一组参考信号和第一最小循环移位间隔，本方案可以减少信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方法中，向该第一终端发送第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一参考信号集合。
基于上述方案，第一终端可以根据第二指示信息确定第一最小循环移位间隔，根据第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一参考信号集合，根据该第一参考信号集合和第一指示信息，准确获知第一指示信息所指示的参考信号来自于第一参考信号集合中的哪些参考信号，有助于第一终端准确确定第一指示信息指示的参考信号，从而提升通信效率和准确性。并且，该方案是通过两个不同的指示信息分别指示第一组参考信号和第一最小循环移位间隔，因此可以通过灵活调整第二指示信息的发送频率，减少信令开销。比如，在一个设定时长内发送一次第二指示信息，以及在该设定时长内可以发送多个第一指示信息，因此在这段时长内通过不同的第一指示信息指示给第一终端的参考信号均是来自于同一个参考信号集合，该参考信号集合是根据第二指示信息确定的，由于减少了第二指示信息的发送频率，因而减少了信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该至少两个参考信号集合中的每个该参考信号对应一个循环移位值，该第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，该至少两个参考信号属于该第一参考信号集合，该至少两个参考信号对应的该循环移位值是相邻的。
根据上述方案，第一指示信息指示的至少两个参考信号对应的循环移位值是相邻的，则该两个参考信号对应的循环移位正交空间是连续的，即已经分配给第一终端的循环移位正交空间是连续的，因而剩余的循环移位正交空间也是连续的，从而剩余的循环移位正交空间能够满足灵活分配给其它终端，该其它终端与第一终端可以具有相同时延扩展量要求，也可以具有不同时延扩展量要求。由于该方法可以实现具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间码分复用参考信号，因而可以实现参考信号的灵活和高效分配，实现充分利用码分复用能力。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值是相邻的，包括：该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值的索引是连续的，该循环移位值的索引用于标识该循环移位值。
根据上述方案，通过循环移位值的索引唯一标识循环移位值，且相邻的循环移位值对 应的循环移位值的索引是连续的。结合该方法，在具体实现中，上述第一指示信息可以指示至少两个连续的循环移位值的索引，以实现向终端指示对应连续循环移位正交空间的至少两个参考信号，该方法简单易实施。
在一种可能的实现方法中，向该第一终端发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息指示该第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
根据上述方案，由于循环移位分段大小表示参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，而第三指示信息指示了分配给第一终端的第一组参考信号对应的循环移位分段大小，因而通过该第三指示信息指示了分配给第一终端的第一组参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，从而第一终端可以准确获知自身对于循环移位空间或正交码分空间的占用情况，有助于第一终端准确获知自身对于资源的使用情况。
在一种可能的实现方法中，向第二终端发送第四指示信息，该第四指示信息指示第二组参考信号，该第二组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，该第二参考信号组中的参考信号属于第二参考信号集合，该第二参考信号集合为该至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，该第二参考信号集合与该第一参考信号集合不同。
根据上述方案，一方面，在为终端(如第一终端、第二终端)分配参考信号时，可以根据终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给终端，实现了根据终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为终端配置参考信号。另一方面，当多个终端码分正交复用参考信号时，可以为不同终端配置不同参考信号集合内的参考信号，从而实现多个终端之间码分正交复用参考信号，可以节约时频资源开销，并且由于不同参考信号集合对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，使得具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间可以码分正交复用参考信号，即具有较小时延扩展量要求的终端与具有较大时延扩展量要求的终端之间进行码分复用，从而实现了充分提升码分正交复用能力。
在一种可能的实现方法中，向该第一终端发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息指示该第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；向该第二终端发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息指示该第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；其中，该第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小与该第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小不同。
根据上述方案，一方面，由于循环移位分段大小表示参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，而第三指示信息指示了分配给第一终端的第一组参考信号对应的循环移位分段大小，因而通过该第三指示信息指示了分配给第一终端的第一组参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，从而第一终端可以准确获知自身对于循环移位空间或正交码分空间的占用情况，有助于第一终端准确获知自身对于资源的使用情况，同样的，第二终端也可以获知自身对于资源的使用情况。另一方面，由于分配给第一终端的第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小与分配给第二终端的第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小不同，因而可以实现灵活地为具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端分配不同大小的循环移位空间或正交码分空间。
在一种可能的实现方法中，分配给至少两个终端的N个参考信号与N个循环移位值一一对应，该至少两个终端包括该第一终端和该第二终端，该N个参考信号包括该第一组参考信号和该第二组参考信号，该N个循环移位值互不相同，该N个循环移位值对应N个循环移位间隔，该N个循环移位间隔中的任意一个循环移位间隔用于表示该N个循环移位 间隔中取值相邻的两个循环移位值之间的间隔，该N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同，N为大于1的整数。
根据上述方案，由于分配给不同终端的N个参考信号对应的N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同，表明循环移位空间或正交码分空间不是按照完全均匀的方式分配给各个终端的，也即循环移位空间或正交码分空间被分配给了具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端，因此该方法可以实现灵活地为具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端分配不同大小的循环移位空间或正交码分空间。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法，该方法可以由终端或应用于终端中的模块(如芯片)来执行。该方法包括：接收来自无线接入网设备的第一指示信息，该第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，该第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，该第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，该第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，该至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；根据该第一指示信息，获取该第一组参考信号中的该至少一个参考信号。
基于上述方案，预先定义至少两个参考信号集合，且该至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源，因此同一个参考信号集合内的不同参考信号之间码分复用。在为终端分配参考信号时，可以根据终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给该终端，实现了根据终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为终端配置参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一参考信号集合。
基于上述方案，终端可以根据第一指示信息确定第一最小循环移位间隔，根据第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一参考信号集合，根据该第一参考信号集合和第一指示信息，准确获知第一指示信息所指示的参考信号来自于第一参考信号集合中的哪些参考信号，有助于终端准确确定第一指示信息指示的参考信号，从而提升通信效率和准确性。并且，该第一指示信息既指示了第一组参考信号，还指示了第一最小循环移位间隔，相较于通过两个不同的指示信息分别指示第一组参考信号和第一最小循环移位间隔，本方案可以减少信令开销。
在一种可能的实现方法中，接收来自该无线接入网设备的第二指示信息，该第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一参考信号集合。
基于上述方案，终端可以根据第二指示信息确定第一最小循环移位间隔，根据第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一参考信号集合，根据该第一参考信号集合和第一指示信息，准确获知第一指示信息所指示的参考信号来自于第一参考信号集合中的哪些参考信号，有助于终端准确确定第一指示信息指示的参考信号，从而提升通信效率和准确性。并且，该方案是通过两个不同的指示信息分别指示第一组参考信号和第一最小循环移位间隔，因此可以通过灵活调整第二指示信息的发送频率，减少信令开销。比如，在一个设定时长内发送一次第二指示信息，以及在该设定时长内可以发送多个第一指示信息，因此在这段时长内通过不同的第一指示信息指示给终端的参考信号均是来自于同一个参考信号集合，该参考信号集合是根据第二指示信息确定的，由于减少了第二指示信息的发送频率，因而减少了信 令开销。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该至少两个参考信号集合中的每个该参考信号对应一个循环移位值，该第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，该至少两个参考信号属于该第一参考信号集合，该至少两个参考信号对应的该循环移位值是相邻的。
根据上述方案，第一指示信息指示的至少两个参考信号对应的循环移位值是相邻的，则该两个参考信号对应的循环移位正交空间是连续的，即已经分配给终端的循环移位正交空间是连续的，因而剩余的循环移位正交空间也是连续的，从而剩余的循环移位正交空间能够满足灵活分配给其它终端，该其它终端与该终端可以具有相同时延扩展量要求，也可以具有不同时延扩展量要求。由于该方法可以实现具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间码分复用参考信号，因而可以实现参考信号的灵活和高效分配，实现充分利用码分复用能力。
在一种可能的实现方法中，该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值是相邻的，包括：该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值的索引是连续的，该循环移位值的索引用于标识该循环移位值。
根据上述方案，第一指示信息指示的至少两个参考信号对应的循环移位值是相邻的，则该两个参考信号对应的循环移位正交空间是连续的，即已经分配给终端的循环移位正交空间是连续的，因而剩余的循环移位正交空间也是连续的，从而剩余的循环移位正交空间能够满足灵活分配给其它终端，该其它终端与上述终端可以具有相同时延扩展量要求，也可以具有不同时延扩展量要求。由于该方法可以实现具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间码分复用参考信号，因而可以实现参考信号的灵活和高效分配，实现充分利用码分复用能力。在一种可能的实现方法中，该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值是相邻的，包括：该至少两个参考信号分别对应的该循环移位值的索引是连续的，该循环移位值的索引用于标识该循环移位值。
根据上述方案，通过循环移位值的索引唯一标识循环移位值，且相邻的循环移位值对应的循环移位值的索引是连续的。结合该方法，在具体实现中，上述第一指示信息可以指示至少两个连续的循环移位值的索引，以实现向终端指示对应连续循环移位正交空间的至少两个参考信号，该方法简单易实施。
在一种可能的实现方法中，接收来自该无线接入网设备的第三指示信息，该第三指示信息指示该第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
根据上述方案，由于循环移位分段大小表示参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，而第三指示信息指示了分配给终端的第一组参考信号对应的循环移位分段大小，因而通过该第三指示信息指示了分配给终端的第一组参考信号所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小，从而终端可以准确获知自身对于循环移位空间或正交码分空间的占用情况，有助于终端准确获知自身对于资源的使用情况。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是无线接入网设备，还可以是用于无线接入网设备的芯片或模块。该装置具有实现上述第一方面的任意实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是终端，还可以是用于终端的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第二方面的任意实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的 模块。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括与存储器耦合的处理器，该处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器可以是一个或多个。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的计算机指令，以使该装置执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法的各个步骤的单元或手段(means)。
第九方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法被执行。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被通信装置运行时，使得上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法被执行。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，包括：处理器，用于执行上述第一方面至第二方面中的任意实现方法。
附图说明
图1(a)为本申请实施例应用的通信系统的架构示意图；
图1(b)为资源示意图；
图1(c)为序列r(n)映射在偶数标号子载波；
图2(a)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图2(b)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图3(a)为频域叠加正交码的一个示意图；
图3(b)为频域叠加正交码的另一个示意图；
图4为正交码示意图；
图5(a)为Type2 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图5(b)为Type2 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图6(a)为频域叠加正交码的一个示意图；
图6(b)为频域叠加正交码的另一个示意图；
图7为信号多径传输示意图；
图8为DMRS信号经过不同路径传输后的在接收端呈现的接收信号时延示意图；
图9为循环移位变换到时域示意图；
图10为正交码示意图；
图11(a)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图11(b)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图11(c)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图11(d)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图12为正交码示意图；
图13(a)为Type2 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图13(b)为Type2 DMRS的时频资源映射图样；
图14为循环移位变换到时域的对比示意图；
图15(a)为循环移位值与DMRS对应关系示意图；
图15(b)为循环移位值与DMRS对应关系示意图；
图15(c)为循环移位值与DMRS对应关系示意图；
图16(a)为循环移位分段大小示意图；
图16(b)为循环移位分段大小示意图；
图16(c)为循环移位间隔示意图；
图17(a)为具有不同时延扩展量的终端之间复用CS正交空间示意图；
图17(b)为具有不同时延扩展量的终端之间复用CS正交空间示意图；
图18(a)为具有不同时延扩展量的终端之间复用CS正交空间示意图；
图18(b)为具有不同时延扩展量的终端之间复用CS正交空间示意图；
图19(a)为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法示意图；
图19(b)为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法示意图；
图20为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图；
图21为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
图1(a)为本申请实施例应用的通信系统的架构示意图。如图1(a)所示，通信系统1000包括无线接入网100和核心网200，可选的，通信系统1000还可以包括互联网300。其中，无线接入网100可以包括至少一个无线接入网设备，如图1(a)中的110a和110b，还可以包括至少一个终端，如图1(a)中的120a-120j。其中，110a是基站，110b是微站，120a、120e、120f和120j是手机，120b是汽车，120c是加油机，120d是布置在室内或室外的家庭接入节点(home access point，HAP)，120g是笔记本电脑，120h是打印机，120i是无人机。其中，同一个终端或无线接入网设备，在不同应用场景中可以提供不同的功能。比如，图1(a)中的手机有120a、120e、120f和120j，手机120a可以接入基站110a，连接汽车120b，与手机120e直连通信以及接入到HAP，手机120b可以接入HAP以及与手机120a直连通信，手机120f可以接入为微站110b，连接笔记本电脑120g，连接打印机120h，手机120j可以控制无人机120i。
终端与无线接入网设备相连，无线接入网设备与核心网连接。核心网设备与无线接入网设备可以是独立的不同的物理设备，也可以是将核心网设备的功能与无线接入网设备的逻辑功能集成在同一个物理设备上，还可以是一个物理设备上集成了部分核心网设备的功能和部分的无线接入网设备的功能。终端和终端之间以及无线接入网设备和无线接入网设备之间可以通过有线或无线的方式相互连接。图1(a)只是示意图，该通信系统中还可以包括其它网络设备，如还可以包括无线中继设备和无线回传设备，在图1(a)中未画出。
无线接入网设备可以是基站(base station)、演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNodeB)、 发送接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、第五代(5th generation，5G)移动通信系统中的下一代基站(next generation NodeB，gNB)、第六代(6th generation，6G)移动通信系统中的基站、未来移动通信系统中的基站或无线保真(wireless fidelity，WiFi)系统中的接入节点等；也可以是完成基站部分功能的模块或单元，例如，可以是集中式单元(central unit，CU)，也可以是分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)。无线接入网设备可以是宏基站(如图1(a)中的110a)，也可以是微基站或室内站(如图1(a)中的110b)，还可以是中继节点或施主节点等。本申请的实施例对无线接入网设备所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。在本申请的实施例中，以基站作为无线接入网设备的一个举例进行描述。
终端也可以称为终端设备、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、移动终端等。终端可以广泛应用于各种场景，例如，设备到设备(device-to-device，D2D)、车物(vehicle to everything，V2X)通信、机器类通信(machine-type communication，MTC)、物联网(internet of things，IOT)、虚拟现实、增强现实、工业控制、自动驾驶、远程医疗、智能电网、智能家具、智能办公、智能穿戴、智能交通、智慧城市等。终端可以是手机、平板电脑、带无线收发功能的电脑、可穿戴设备、车辆、无人机、直升机、飞机、轮船、机器人、机械臂、智能家居设备等。本申请的实施例对终端所采用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。
基站和终端可以是固定位置的，也可以是可移动的。基站和终端可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上；还可以部署在空中的飞机、气球和人造卫星上。本申请的实施例对基站和终端的应用场景不做限定。
基站和终端的角色可以是相对的，例如，图1(a)中的直升机或无人机120i可以被配置成移动基站，对于那些通过120i接入到无线接入网100的终端120j来说，终端120i是基站；但对于基站110a来说，120i是终端，即110a与120i之间是通过无线空口协议进行通信的。当然，110a与120i之间也可以是通过基站与基站之间的接口协议进行通信的，此时，相对于110a来说，120i也是基站。因此，基站和终端都可以统一称为通信装置，图1(a)中的110a和110b可以称为具有基站功能的通信装置，图1(a)中的120a-120j可以称为具有终端功能的通信装置。
基站和终端之间、基站和基站之间、终端和终端之间可以通过授权频谱进行通信，也可以通过免授权频谱进行通信，也可以同时通过授权频谱和免授权频谱进行通信；可以通过6千兆赫兹(gigahertz，GHz)以下的频谱进行通信，也可以通过6GHz以上的频谱进行通信，还可以同时使用6GHz以下的频谱和6GHz以上的频谱进行通信。本申请的实施例对无线通信所使用的频谱资源不做限定。
在本申请的实施例中，基站的功能也可以由基站中的模块(如芯片)来执行，也可以由包含有基站功能的控制子系统来执行。这里的包含有基站功能的控制子系统可以是智能电网、工业控制、智能交通、智慧城市等上述应用场景中的控制中心。终端的功能也可以由终端中的模块(如芯片或调制解调器)来执行，也可以由包含有终端功能的装置来执行。
在本申请中，基站向终端发送下行信号或下行信息，下行信息承载在下行信道上；终端向基站发送上行信号或上行信息，上行信息承载在上行信道上。终端为了与基站进行通信，需要与基站控制的小区建立无线连接。与终端建立了无线连接的小区称为该终端的服务小区。当终端与该服务小区进行通信的时候，还会受到来自邻区的信号的干扰。
在本申请的实施例中，时域符号可以是正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)符号，也可以是离散傅里叶变换扩频OFDM(Discrete Fourier  Transform-spread-OFDM，DFT-s-OFDM)符号。如果没有特别说明，本申请实施例中的符号均指时域符号。
为便于理解本申请实施例的方案，下面先对本申请实施例中涉及的名词或术语进行解释说明。以下对名词或术语的解释，是以5G为例。
一、资源块(resource block，RB)
参考图1(b)，为资源示意图。RB是频域调度的基本单位，一个RB包含12个子载波。一个资源单元(resourceelement，RE)在时域上占用一个符号，在频域上占用一个子载波，图中的一个方格表示一个RE。
二、DMRS的类型
现有5G NR标准中，根据DMRS的频域资源配置，DMRS的类型可以分为类型1(Type1)和类型2(Type2)。
两种类型DMRS的主要特点为：
Type1：
1)最多支持8个正交DMRS的复用；
2)包括两个码分复用(Code Divide Multiplexing，CDM)组，每个CDM组内的所有端口对应的DMRS占用相同的时频资源；
3)每个DMRS占用每个RB中的6个子载波。
Type2：
1)最多支持12个正交DMRS的复用；
2)包括三个CDM组，每个CDM组内的所有端口对应的DMRS占用相同的时频资源；
3)每个DMRS占用每个RB中的4个子载波。
Type1使用的频域资源密度更高，信道估计性能更好。Type2可支持的正交DMRS个数更多，可以支持更多流传输，比如MU-MIMO，有利于容量提升。
每个DMRS用一个端口号进行标识，DMRS的时频资源位置由端口号和配置类型(Type1或Type2)决定，配置类型通过高层信令无线资源控制(radio resourcecontrol，RRC)参数设定，端口号通过下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)的天线端口(antenna ports)字段指示。
三、DMRS的序列生成
采用OFDM波形时，DMRS可以利用伪随机序列生成。具体的，在NR系统中DMRS的扰码序列r(n)可以由序列c(n)经过正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)调制得到，c(n)可以被定义为Gold序列。进而r(n)可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000001
其中，
c(n)＝(x 1(n+N C)+x 2(n+N C))mod2
x 1(n+31)＝(x 1(n+3)+x 1(n))mod2
x 2(n+31)＝(x 2(n+3)+x 2(n+2)+x 2(n+1)+x 2(n))mod2
其中，N C＝1600，x 1(n)可以初始化为x 1(0)＝1,x 1(n)＝0,n＝1,2,...,30，x 2(n)满足
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000002
以PUSCH为例，c init由DMRS扰码标识(Identity document，ID)、小 区ID、DMRS的子帧位置和符号位置等信息决定，比如满足：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000003
其中
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000004
为一个时隙内的OFDM符号数，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000005
为一个帧内的时隙编号，l为一个时隙内的OFDM符号编号，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000006
为配置的ID。
序列r(n)的长度取决于DMRS实际分配的带宽，序列映射在子载波上，图2(a)为Type1DMRS时频映射图样，DMRS占用一个OFDM符号，以序列r(n)映射在偶数标号子载波上为例，示意图如图1(c)所示，图中是以1个RB为例。其中，图1(c)中的一个方格在时域上是一个符号，在频域上是一个子载波，12个子载波构成一个RB。
通过在扰码序列r(n)上叠加频域正交码和时域正交码能得到码分复用的不同DMRS，叠加正交码后的DMRS序列可以表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000008
k′＝0,1
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000009
n＝0,1,...
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000010
用以满足发射信号的功率要求，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000011
表示端口号p对应的DMRS在子载波k，符号l上的序列，每个端口号对应一个DMRS，也即端口号与DMRS之间是一一对应的，μ与子载波间隔有关，w f(k′)，w t(l′)分别表示频域正交码和时域正交码，w f(k′)，w t(l′)，Δ的取值参见表格，以PUSCH DMRS为例，引用自标准3GPP TS 38.211 V16.6.0。
Table 6.4.1.1.3-1:Parameters for PUSCH DM-RS configuration type 1
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000012
Table 6.4.1.1.3-2:Parameters for PUSCH DM-RS configuration type 2.
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000013
四、DMRS的正交性
一般来说，正交性可以通过三种方式实现：频分正交、时分正交和码分正交。
下面介绍上述两种类型的DMRS分别是如何保持正交性的。
1、Type1 DMRS的正交性
图2(a)和图2(b)为Type1 DMRS的时频资源映射图样。根据DMRS占用的符号数不同，又分为单符号映射(参考图2(a))和双符号映射(参考图2(b))两种映射方式。单符号映射最多支持4个正交的DMRS，双符号映射最多支持8个正交的DMRS。
图中是以1个RB为例，实际调度中，根据实际分配的资源，DMRS也可能占用多个RB。
需要说明的是，图中的每个端口号对应一个DMRS，也即端口号与DMRS之间是一一对应的。
可以通过频分正交和码分正交实现单符号映射的4个DMRS正交，双符号映射的8个DMRS正交。
频分正交的DMRS之间占用的频域资源不同。比如，参考图2(a)，端口{0，1}占用一组梳状频域资源，端口{2，3}占用另一组梳状频域资源，端口{0，1}对应的DMRS与端口{2，3}对应的DMRS之间是频分正交的。再比如，参考图2(b)，端口{0，1，4，5}占用一组梳状频域资源，端口{2，3，6，7}占用另一组梳状频域资源，端口{0，1，4，5}对应的DMRS与端口{2，3，6，7}对应的DMRS之间是频分正交的。其中，梳状频域资源指的是 频域资源中的子载波是非连续的，且子载波呈等间距分布。
码分正交的DMRS占用相同频域资源，但使用的正交码不同。在图2(a)中端口0和端口1占用相同的频域资源，端口2和端口3占用相同的频域资源。占用相同的频域资源的DMRS之间可以进一步通过码分正交。在扰码序列r(n)上叠加频域正交码，可以保证码分复用的DMRS之间保持正交。其中，端口{0，1}构成CDM组0，端口{2，3}构成CDM组1，每个CDM组中的端口号对应的DMRS通过叠加周期为2的频域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)保持正交。图3(a)示出了端口0和端口1通过码分正交的示意图，图3(a)对应上述图2(a)，图3(a)中，n为DMRS占用的子载波的标号。端口0叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口1叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，实现端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS之间的正交。在图2(b)中端口0、端口1、端口4和端口5占用相同的频域资源，端口2、端口3、端口6和端口7占用相同的频域资源。占用相同的频域资源的DMRS之间可以进一步通过码分正交。在扰码序列r(n)上叠加频域正交码，可以保证码分复用的DMRS之间保持正交。其中，端口{0，1，4，5}构成CDM组0，端口{2，3，6，7}构成CDM组1，每个CDM组中的端口号对应的DMRS通过叠加周期为2的频域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)，以及叠加周期为2的时域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)来保持正交。图3(b)示出了端口0、端口1、端口4和端口5通过时分和码分正交的示意图，图3(b)对应上述图2(b)，图3(b)中，n为DMRS占用的子载波的标号。端口0叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口1叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，以及端口0和端口1均叠加时域正交码(1，1)，端口4叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口5叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，以及端口4和端口5均叠加时域正交码(1，-1)，从而实现端口0对应的DMRS、端口1对应的DMRS、端口4对应的DMRS与端口5对应的DMRS之间的正交。
Type1 DMRS在频域上占据等间隔子载波，叠加周期为2的频域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)，以保证正交性，其等价为通过2个循环移位(cyclic shift，CS)值保证正交。
以图3(a)和图3(b)为例，其中端口0对应的DMRS在标号n＝0，1，2，…的子载波上叠加的频域正交码为{1，1，1，1，1，1…}，且映射到等间隔子载波上，因此频域正交码可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000014
其中，α 0表示端口0对应的循环移位值，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000015
其中端口1对应的DMRS频域正交码为{1，-1，1，-1，1，-1…}，且映射到等间隔子载波上，因此频域正交码可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000016
α 1表示端口1对应的循环移位值，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000017
表示j表示虚数单位，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000018
e为自然常数。因此可以等价为端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS使用不同的循环移位值得到频域正交码，使得这两个DMRS保证码分正交，见图4的示意图。
2、Type2 DMRS的正交性
图5(a)和图5(b)为Type2 DMRS的时频资源映射图样。根据DMRS占用的符号数不同，又分为单符号映射(参考图5(a))和双符号映射(参考图5(b))两种映射方式。单符号映射最多支持6个正交的DMRS，双符号映射最多支持12个正交的DMRS。
图中是以1个RB为例，实际调度中，根据实际分配的资源，DMRS也可能占用多个RB。
图中的每个端口对应一个DMRS，也即端口与DMRS之间是一一对应的。
可以通过频分正交和码分正交实现单符号映射的6个DMRS正交，双符号映射的12个DMRS正交。
频分正交的DMRS之间占用的子载波不同。比如，参考图5(a)，端口{0，1}、端口{2，3}、端口{4，5}分别占用不同的频域资源，端口{0，1}对应的DMRS、端口{2，3}对应的DMRS及端口{4，5}对应的DMRS相互之间是频分正交的。再比如，参考图5(b)，端口{0，1，6，7}、端口{2，3，8，9}、端口{4，5，10，11}分别占用不同的频域资源，端口{0，1，6，7}对应的DMRS、端口{2，3，8，9}对应的DMRS及端口{4，5，10，11}对应的DMRS相互之间是频分正交的。
码分正交的DMRS占用相同频域资源，但使用的正交码不同。在图5(a)中端口0和端口1占用相同的频域资源，端口2和端口3占用相同的频域资源，端口4和端口5占用相同的频域资源。占用相同的频域资源的DMRS之间可以进一步通过码分正交。在扰码序列r(n)上叠加频域正交码，可以保证码分复用的DMRS之间保持正交。其中，端口{0，1}构成CDM组0，端口{2，3}构成CDM组1，端口{4，5}构成CDM组2，每个CDM组中的端口号对应的DMRS通过频域上叠加周期为2的正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)保持正交。图6(a)示出了端口0和端口1通过码分正交的示意图，图6(a)对应上述图5(a)，图6(a)中，n为DMRS占用的子载波的标号。端口0叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口1叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，实现端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS之间的正交。在图5(b)中端口0、端口1、端口6和端口7占用相同的频域资源，端口2、端口3、端口8和端口9占用相同的频域资源，端口4、端口5、端口10和端口11占用相同的频域资源。占用相同的频域资源的DMRS之间可以进一步通过码分正交。在扰码序列r(n)上叠加频域正交码，可以保证码分复用的DMRS之间保持正交。其中，端口{0，1，6，7}构成CDM组0，端口{2，3，8，9}构成CDM组1，端口{4，5，10，11}构成CDM组2，每个CDM组中的端口号对应的DMRS通过叠加周期为2的频域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)，以及叠加周期为2的时域正交码(1，1)或者(1，-1)来保持正交。图6(b)示出了端口0、端口1、端口6和端口7通过时分和码分正交的示意图，图6(b)对应上述图5(b)，图6(b)中，n为DMRS占用的子载波的标号。端口0叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口1叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，以及端口0和端口1均叠加时域正交码(1，1)，端口6叠加频域正交码(1，1)，端口7叠加频域正交码(1，-1)，以及端口6和端口7均叠加时域正交码(1，-1)，从而实现端口0对应的DMRS、端口1对应的DMRS、端口6对应的DMRS与端口7对应的DMRS之间的正交。
五、多径效应
无线信道具有多径效应，由于建筑物的折射、反射等现象，DMRS信号在传播过程中经过多条路径到达接收端。由于不同路径传播距离不同，所以DMRS信号通过不同路径到达接收端的时间不同，在时域上具有一定的时延扩展量。
图7为信号多径传输的一个示意图。可以看出，发送端的信号可以通过路径1、路径2、路径3到达接收端。该图7是以3条路径为例进行说明的。
图8为DMRS信号经过不同路径传输后的在接收端呈现的接收信号时延示意图。该图8是以图7所示的3条路径为例进行说明的。其中，t0为参考时间点，可以理解为接收机开始接收该信号的时刻。t1，t2，t3分别为信号经过3条不同路径到达接收端的到达时间。 其中，t1对应路径1，t2对应路径2，t3对应路径3。从接收端的角度来看，经过多径信道的信号是在不同时间到达接收端的，并且假设先到达的信号的强度要大于后到达的信号的强度。
其中，发送端发送的信号通过最远路径到达接收端的时间点与参考时间点之间的时长，称为时延扩展量。图8中，t3与t0之间的时间差即为时延扩展量。
DMRS传输要经过信道到达接收端，假设如图4表示的两个通过循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000019
和
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000020
正交的DMRS经过信道到达接收端后的频域信号表示为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000021
其中H 1、H 2分别表示两个DMRS经历的频域信道，n表示频域样点序号，y(n)表示接收信号，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000022
为两个DMRS的序列，两个循环移位值不同，即α 0≠α 1。
为了估计信道H 1(n)、H 2(n)，可以令
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000023
经N点反离散傅里叶变换(Inverse Discrete Fourier Transformation，IDFT)变化到时域：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000024
其中，k表示时域样点序号，h 1(k)、h 2(k-k 0)分别为H 1(n)、
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000025
分别变换到时域的信道表示，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000026
中
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000027
可以理解为H 2(n)在频域上做了
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000028
的相位旋转，等价为时域进行了
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000029
点移位，即
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000030
其中N个时域采样点为DMRS信号占用的时长用N个采样点离散化表示，见图9所示的信号时域分布示意图。实际信道估计中，可以通过时域加窗等算法将信道h 1(k)、h 2(k)区分出来。
使用通过不同循环移位值得到的DMRS，使得DMRS信号的时延扩展量受限，比如使用两个循环移位值，信号的时延扩展量限制为不超过
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000031
个时域采样点对应的时间，否则接收的这两个叠加的DMRS之间会产生干扰。参见图9，如果经历h 1(k)信道的信号时延扩展量超过了
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000032
则会与经历h 2(k)信道的信号发生重叠，造成信号间干扰，影响接收端信道估计的准确性。
六、用户配对
用户配对指的是多个用户在同一块时频资源上进行数据传输。本申请实施例中也将用户配对称为终端配对。
七、DMRS端口扩充
目前通信中对传输速率的要求不断提高，为提升传输速率，本申请实施例提出一种方案：通过增加DMRS的个数来增加传输的数据层数，从而达到提升传输速率的目的。比如大于12流的MU-MIMO场景，将支持的DMRS个数增加至12个或12个以上。
为实现增加支持的正交DMRS个数，一种解决方案是通过进一步增加码分正交复用DMRS个数来实现DMRS的扩充。具体的，Type1 DMRS和Type 2 DMRS都可以通过使用更多循环移位值来得到更多正交的DMRS，能够更好地支持多流传输，比如MU-MIMO。
下面针对Type1 DMRS的端口数扩充和Type 2 DMRS的端口数扩充，分别进行说明。
1、Type1 DMRS的端口数扩充
对于Type 1 DMRS，可以通过使用更多的循环移位值，比如由4个循环移位值得到4个正交DMRS，或者由8个循环移位值得到8个正交DMRS等，来达到扩充DMRS个数的目的。
在图4中，使用2个循环移位值保证2个DMRS正交，其中循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000033
对应频域正交码{1，1，1，1，1，1…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000034
对应频域正交码{1，-1，1，-1，1，-1…}，2个循环移位值得到的频域正交码以2长为周期。根据2个循环移位值得到的2个DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，该DMRS集合包含的2个DMRS可以用端口{0，1}，或者端口{2，3}，或者端口{4，5}，或者端口{6，7}来标识，见示意图2(a)和2(b)。
在图10中，使用4个循环移位值保证4个DMRS正交，其中循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000035
对应频域正交码{1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，….}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000036
对应频域正交码{1，j，-1，-j，1，j，-1，-j，….}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000037
对应频域正交码{1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000038
对应频域正交码{1，-j，-1，j，1，-j，-1，j，…}，4个循环移位值得到的频域正交码以4长为周期。其中，j表示虚数单位，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000039
根据4个循环移位值得到的4个DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，该DMRS集合包含的4个DMRS可以用端口{0，1，2，3}，或者端口{4，5，6，7}，或者端口{8，9，10，11}，或者端口{12，13，14，15}来标识，该集合中的4个DMRS分别对应一个循环移位值，见示意图11(a)和图11(b)的时频资源映射图和端口标识。
再比如，使用8个循环移位值保证8个DMRS正交，其中循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000040
对应频域正交码{1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，1，….}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000041
对应频域正交码
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000042
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000043
循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000044
对应频域正交码{1，j，-1，-j，1，j，-1，-j，1，j，-1，-j，1，j，-1，-j，…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000045
对应频域正交码
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000046
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000047
循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000048
对应频域正交码{1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1，-1，1， -1，1，-1，…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000049
对应频域正交码
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000050
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000051
循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000052
对应频域正交码{1，-j，-1，j，1，-j，-1，j，1，-j，-1，j，1，-j，-1，j，…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000053
对应频域正交码
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000054
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000055
8个循环移位值得到的频域正交码以8长为周期。根据8个循环移位值得到的8个DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，该DMRS集合包含的8个DMRS可以用端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}，或者端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15，}，或者端口{16，17，18，19，20，21，22，23}，或者端口{24，25，26，27，28，29，30，31}来标识，该集合中的8个DMRS分别对应一个循环移位值，见示意图11(c)和图11(d)。
在上述设计中，当使用2个循环移位值时，可以保证2个DMRS正交，当将循环移位值从2个扩充为4个时，可以保证4个DMRS正交。其中，该4个DMRS可以分给一个rank＝4的终端使用，该终端的时延扩展量不超过N/4时域采样点时长，或者该4个DMRS也可以分给2个终端使用，比如分配给rank＝2的终端1和rank＝2的终端2，或者分配给rank＝3和rank＝1的终端2，其中，终端1和终端2的时延扩展量都不超过N/4时域采样点时长，或者也可以分给3个终端使用等等。需要说明的是，该设计中，如果该4个DMRS分配给多个终端，该多个终端的时延扩展量受限为都不超过N/4时域采样点时长。
在上述设计中，当使用2个循环移位值时，可以保证2个DMRS正交，当将循环移位值从2个扩充为8个时，可以保证8个DMRS正交。其中，该8个DMRS可以分给一个rank＝8的终端使用，该终端的时延扩展量不超过N/8时域采样点时长，或者该8个DMRS也可以分给2个终端使用，比如分配给rank＝4的终端1和rank＝4的终端2，或者分配给rank＝5和rank＝3的终端2等等，其中，终端1和终端2的时延扩展量都不超过N/8时域采样点时长，或者也可以分给3个终端、4个终端使用等等。需要说明的是，该设计中，如果该8个DMRS分配给多个终端复用，该多个终端的时延扩展量受限为都不超过N/8时域采样点时长。
2、Type2 DMRS的端口数扩充
对于Type 2 DMRS，可以通过使用更多的循环移位值，比如由2个循环移位值得到2个正交DMRS，来达到扩充DMRS个数的目的。
对于Type 2 DMRS，循环移位值得到的正交码的叠加方式与Type 1 DMRS有所不同。参考图12，使用2个循环移位值保证2个DMRS正交，其中循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000056
对应正交码{1，1，1，1，1，1…}，循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000057
对应正交码{1，-1，1，-1，1，-1…}。这两个循环移位值生成的正交码记为外层CS码，分别叠加到内层正交码{1，1，1，1，…}上，得到2个正交DMRS，其中内层正交码即为如图6(a)中示例的频域正交码。参考图13(a)，该2个DMRS可以用端口{0，1}，或者{4，5}，或者{8，9}来标识。以及，该2个循环移 位值生成的外层CS码分别叠加到内层正交码{1，-1，1，-1，…}上得到另外2个正交DMRS，参考图13(a)，该2个DMRS可以用端口{2，3}，或者{6，7}，或者{10，11}来标识。
上述方案，通过使用更多的循环移位值，可以增加可支持的正交DMRS的个数。然而，使用循环移位值本身使得DMRS的时延扩展量受到限制，其中，分配给同一个终端的多个DMRS可视为时延扩展量相同，随着循环移位值个数进一步增加，时延扩展量大小进一步受限。示例性地，参考图14，为使用不同个数循环移位值得到的DMRS在时域上呈现时延扩展量大小受限的对比示意图。其中，图14的(a)表示使用2个循环移位值可允许的最大时延扩展量，时延扩展量最大可量化为N/2个时域采样点表示的时间，N个时域采样点表示信号占用的总时长。图14的(b)表示使用4个循环移位值可允许的最大时延扩展量，时延扩展量最大可量化为N/4个时域采样点表示的时间。随着循环移位值个数的增加，可允许的最大时延扩展量将减小。
上述DMRS端口扩充的实现方法，也属于本发明实施例的一部分。
目前，在为用户(即终端)分配DMRS时，并没有考虑到该用户的时延扩展量要求，因而分配DMRS时不够灵活且效率较低。
为实现灵活且高效地为终端分配DMRS，本申请实施例提供相应的解决方法，该方法适用于DMRS的端口数扩充之前的场景，也适用于DMRS的端口数扩充之后的场景。参考图19(a)，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法。该方法包括以下步骤：
该方法中的参考信号可以是DMRS，也可以是其它参考信号，本申请不做限定。为便于描述，以下以DMRS为例进行说明。
步骤1901a，基站向第一终端发送第一指示信息。相应地，第一终端接收第一指示信息。
可选的，该第一指示信息包含于DCI中。
该第一指示信息指示了第一组参考信号，该第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，该第一组参考信号属于至少两个参考信号集合中的第一参考信号集合。
这里的参考信号，可以是DMRS或其它参考信号，为便于说明，本申请实施例后续均以参考信号是DMRS为例进行说明。
当参考信号是DMRS，该第一指示信息指示了第一组DMRS，该第一组DMRS包括至少一个DMRS，该第一组DMRS属于至少两个DMRS集合中的第一DMRS集合。
步骤1902a，基站向第一终端发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS，或者第一终端向基站发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS。
在一种实现方法中，在下行方向，基站向第一终端发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS，从而终端可以获取到第一组DMRS中的DMRS。在下行方向，上述第一指示信息可以承载在DCI format 1_1或者DCI format 1_2的天线端口(Antenna port(s))字段中。在另一种实现方法中，在上行方向第一终端接收到第一指示信息，根据第一指示信息获取到第一组DMRS中的DMRS，然后向基站发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS。在上行方向，上述第一指示信息可以承载在DCI format 0_1或者DCI format 0_2的天线端口字段中。
基于上述方案，预先定义至少两个参考信号集合，且该至少两个DMRS集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，该至少两个DMRS集合占用相同的时频资源，其中同一个DMRS集合内的不同DMRS之间码分正交。在为第一终端分配参考信号时，可以根据第一 终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该第一终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给第一终端，实现了根据第一终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为第一终端配置参考信号。
下面结合附图以及示例，对上述方法进行具体说明。
上述步骤1901a中所描述的至少两个DMRS集合是预先定义的DMRS集合，一个DMRS集合中包含一个或多个DMRS，DMRS集合也可以称为多个DMRS。
该至少两个DMRS集合占用相同的时频资源，具体的，每个DMRS集合内的不同DMRS占用相同的时频资源，不同DMRS集合内的不同DMRS也占用相同的时频资源。并且，该至少两个DMRS集合中的任意一个集合内的DMRS之间码分正交。比如，该至少两个DMRS集合包括第一DMRS集合和第二DMRS集合，第一DMRS集合中的任意两个DMRS码分正交，第二DMRS集合中的任意两个DMRS码分正交。比如，第一DMRS集合包含图2(a)的端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS，该端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS占用相同的时频资源，且通过2个不同循环移位值保持码分正交。第二DMRS集合包含图11(a)的端口0对应的DMRS、端口1对应的DMRS、端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS，该端口0对应的DMRS、端口1对应的DMRS、端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS占用相同的时频资源，且通过4个不同循环移位值保持码分正交。其中，图2(a)与图11(a)表示的是同一块资源，图2(a)与图11(a)中的每个RE都对应相同。第一DMRS集合内的每个DMRS占用的资源包括图2(a)中的(符号2，子载波0)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波2)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波4)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波6)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波8)对应的RE以及(符号2，子载波10)对应的RE。第二DMRS集合内的每个DMRS占用的资源包括图11(a)中的(符号2，子载波0)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波2)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波4)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波6)对应的RE、(符号2，子载波8)对应的RE以及(符号2，子载波10)对应的RE。
该至少两个DMRS集合中的每个DMRS集合对应一个最小循环移位间隔，该至少两个DMRS集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同。比如，该至少两个DMRS集合中包含第一DMRS集合、第二DMRS集合和第三DMRS集合，第一DMRS集合对应第一最小循环移位间隔，第二DMRS集合对应第二最小循环移位间隔，第三DMRS集合对应第三最小循环移位间隔，且第一最小循环移位间隔、第二最小循环移位间隔与第三最小循环移位间隔互不相同。每个DMRS集合中的任意一个DMRS对应一个循环移位值，假设DMRS集合对应的M个循环移位值按照一定规律进行排列，排列之后相邻的两个循环移位值之间的差值作为循环移位间隔，M个循环移位值对应M个循环移位间隔，这M个循环移位间隔中最小值作为最小循环移位间隔。作为一种具体实现方法，可以将该M个循环移位值按从小到大顺序组成集合为{α 0，α 1，α 2，…，α M-1}，其中循环移位值的索引可以用0，1，2…M-1标识或者α 0，α 1，α 2，…，α M-1符号本身标识，因为有循环性质，M-1和0也是相邻的两个索引。其中，相邻的两个循环移位值之间的差值作为循环移位间隔，两个循环移位值A和B的差值表示为：如果A>＝B，差值为A-B；如果A<B，差值为A+2π-B，因此M个循环移位间隔分别为α 1-α 0，α 2-α 1，…，α M-1-α M-2，α 0+2π-α M-1。
假设第一DMRS集合中包含2个DMRS，这2个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000058
和
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000059
其中α 0到α 1的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000060
α 1到α 0的循环移 位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000061
其中最小循环移位间隔为两个循环移位间隔中值最小的循环移位间隔，即第一DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000062
假设第二DMRS集合中包含4个DMRS，这4个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000063
存在4个循环移位间隔，其中α 0到α 1的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000064
α 1到α 2的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000065
……α 3到α 0的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000066
其中最小循环移位间隔为多个循环移位间隔中值最小的循环移位间隔，即第二DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000067
或者，在另一个示例中，假设第二DMRS集合中包含4个DMRS，这4个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000068
存在8个循环移位间隔，其中α 0到α 1的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000069
α 1到α 2的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000070
……α 3到α 0的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000071
其中最小循环移位间隔为多个循环移位间隔中值最小的循环移位间隔，即第二DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000072
假设第三DMRS集合中包含8个DMRS，这8个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000073
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000074
存在多个循环移位间隔，其中α 0到α 1的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000075
α 1到α 2的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000076
……α 7到α 0的循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000077
其中最小循环移位间隔为多个循环移位间隔中值最小的循环移位间隔，即第二DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000078
以此类推。
本申请实施例中，如果一个DMRS集合对应的所有循环移位间隔都相同，则该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔也称为该DMRS集合对应的循环移位间隔。
同一个DMRS集合中的DMRS可以分配给一个终端，也可以分配给多个终端。比如，上述第一DMRS集合中的DMRS可以分配给第一终端，用于第一终端与基站之间的数据传输。再比如，上述第一DMRS集合中的DMRS可以分配给第一终端和第二终端，其中，分配给第一终端的DMRS用于第一终端与基站之间的数据传输，分配给第二终端的DMRS用于第二终端与基站之间的数据传输。
或者，第一DMRS集合中的DMRS分配给第一终端，用于第一终端与基站之间的数据传输，第二DMRS集合中的DMRS分配给第二终端，用于第二终端与基站之间的数据传输；第三DMRS集合中的DMRS分配给第三终端，用于第三终端与基站之间的数据传输，等等。其中，不同DMRS集合中的DMRS分别分配给不同终端的具体实现方法，可以参考图19(b)的实施例。
可选的，基站以及各个终端可以通过协议定义或者预配置的方式，获取到上述至少两个DMRS集合，或者是提前存储上述至少两个DMRS集合，或者是根据公式生成上述至少两个DMRS集合，本申请中对于基站及终端获取至少两个DMRS集合的方法不限定。
本申请实施例中，DMRS集合与CDM组的关系如下：
一、DMRS Type1场景
如果一个CDM组内的所有端口是通过叠加不同的频域正交码进行区分，则该CDM组内的所有端口对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。以图2(a)为例，CDM组0包括端口0和端口1，且端口0和端口1是通过叠加不同的频域正交码进行区分，因此该端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，CDM组1包括端口2和端口3，且端口2和端口3是通过叠加不同的频域正交码进行区分，该端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS构成另一个DMRS集合。
如果一个CDM组内的所有端口是通过同时叠加频域正交码和时域正交码进行区分，则该CDM组内的叠加相同时域正交码的端口所对应的DMRS划分到同一个DMRS集合。以图2(b)为例，CDM组0包括端口0，端口1，端口4和端口5，其中端口0和端口1叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的时域正交码，则端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口4和端口5叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的时域正交码，则端口4对应的DMRS和端口5对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，其中端口0和端口1叠加的时域正交码与端口4和端口5叠加的时域正交码不同。CDM组1包括端口2，端口3，端口6和端口7，按照与CDM组0相同的划分方法，该端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口6对应的DMRS和端口7对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。
二、DMRS Type2场景
如果一个CDM组内的所有端口是通过同时叠加频域正交码和内层正交码进行区分，则该CDM组内的叠加相同内层正交码的端口所对应的DMRS划分到同一个DMRS集合。以图13(a)为例，CDM组0包括端口0，端口1，端口2和端口3，其中端口0和端口1叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码，则端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口2和端口3叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码，则端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，其中端口0和端口1叠加的内层正交码与端口2和端口3叠加的内层正交码不同。CDM组1包括端口4，端口5，端口6和端口7，按照与CDM组0相同的划分方法，该端口4对应的DMRS和端口5对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口6对应的DMRS和端口7对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。CDM组2包括端口8，端口9，端口10和端口11，按照与CDM组0相同的划分方法，该端口8对应的DMRS和端口8对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口10对应的DMRS和端口11对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。
如果一个CDM组内的所有端口是通过同时叠加频域正交码、内层正交码以及时域正交码进行区分，则该CDM组内的叠加相同内层正交码和相同时域正交码的端口所对应的DMRS划分到同一个DMRS集合。图13(b)为例，CDM组0包括端口0，端口1，端口2，端口3，端口12，端口13，端口14和端口15，其中端口0和端口1叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码和相同的时域正交码，则端口0对应的DMRS和端口1对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口2和端口3叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码和相同的时域正交码，则端口2对应的DMRS和端口3对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口12和端口13叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码和相同的时域正交码，则端口12对应的DMRS和端口13对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口14和端口15叠加不同的频域正交码，且叠加相同的内层正交码和相同的时域正交码，则端口14对应的DMRS和端口15对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。CDM组1包括 端口4，端口5，端口6，端口7，端口16，端口17，端口18和端口19，按照与CDM组0相同的划分方法，该端口4对应的DMRS和端口5对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口6对应的DMRS和端口7对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口16对应的DMRS和端口17对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口18对应的DMRS和端口19对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。CDM组2包括端口8，端口9，端口10，端口11，端口20，端口21，端口22和端口23，按照与CDM组0相同的划分方法，该端口8对应的DMRS和端口9对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口10对应的DMRS和端口11对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口20对应的DMRS和端口21对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合，端口22对应的DMRS和端口23对应的DMRS构成一个DMRS集合。
本申请实施例的上述步骤1901a中所提到的至少两个DMRS集合可以对应不同的CDM组，且这些CDM组内的DMRS占用相同的时频资源，也即这些CDM组中同一个CDM组内的不同DMRS占用相同时频资源，且这些CDM组中不同CDM组内的不同DMRS也占用相同时频资源。
下面结合示例，对DMRS集合进行说明。其中，一个DMRS集合中包含M个DMRS，每个DMRS对应一个端口，每个DMRS对应一个循环移位值，M为大于1的整数。
一、DMRS Type 1场景下的DMRS集合
1)DMRS集合包括2个DMRS
该2个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000079
如表1所示。
表1
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000080
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000081
也可以表示为α 0＝0，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000082
也可以表示为α 0＝π。
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000083
表1所示的α 0、α 1对应的2个DMRS占据相同的时频资源位置，比如DMRS的时频资源图样如图2(a)所示，DMRS集合可以是由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS组成的集合，DMRS集合还可以是由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS组成的集合。其中，由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS所占用的时频资源，与由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS所占用的时频资源相同，由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS与由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS通过叠加不同的时域正交码加以区分。
2)DMRS集合包括4个DMRS
该4个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000084
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000085
如表2所示。
表2
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000086
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000087
也可以表示为β 0＝0，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000088
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000089
也可以表示为β 2＝π，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000090
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000091
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000092
表2所示的4个循环移位值对应的4个DMRS占据相同的时频资源位置，比如DMRS的时频资源图样如图11(a)所示，DMRS集合可以是由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS组成的集合，DMRS集合还可以是由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS组成的集合。
3)DMRS集合包括8个DMRS
该8个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000093
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000094
如表3所示。
表3
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000095
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000096
也可以表示为γ 0＝0，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000097
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000098
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000099
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000100
也可以表示为γ 4＝π，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000101
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000102
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000103
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000104
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000105
表3所示的8个循环移位值对应的8个DMRS占据相同的时频资源位置，比如DMRS的时频资源图样如图11(c)所示，DMRS集合可以是由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的8个DMRS组成的集合，DMRS集合还可以是由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS组成的集合。
针对上述DMTS Type1，为便于说明，将上述包含2个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合1，将上述包含4个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合2，将上述包含8个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合3。在一个示例中，如果第一终端的时延扩展量匹配2个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中，至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合1，可以通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合1中的一个或多个DMRS。在又一个示例中，如果第一终端的时延扩展量匹配4个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中，至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合2，可以通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合2中的一个或多个DMRS。在又一个示例中， 如果第一终端时延扩展量匹配8个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中，至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合3，可以通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合3中的一个或多个DMRS。
二、DMRS Type 2场景下的DMRS集合
1)DMRS集合包括1个DMRS
该1个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000106
如表4所示。
表4
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000107
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000108
也可以表示为α 0＝0。
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是2π。
表4所示的1个循环移位值对应1个DMRS，如图15(a)所示，该DMRS可以是DMRS 1或DMRS 2。其中，DMRS 1与DMRS 2通过内层正交码进行码分正交复用，关于内层正交码的含义可以参考前述描述。该DMRS 1可以单独构成一个DMRS集合，该DMRS 2也可以单独构成一个DMRS集合。比如，DMRS集合包含DMRS 1或者包含DMRS 2。
2)DMRS集合包括2个DMRS
该2个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000109
如表5所示。
表5
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000110
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000111
也可以表示为β 0＝0，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000112
也可以表示为β 1＝π。
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000113
表5所示的循环移位值β 0、β 1对应DMRS 3和DMRS 4，或者对应DMRS 5和DMRS 6，如图15(b)所示。DMRS集合中包含DMRS 3和DMRS 4，或者包含DMRS 5和DMRS 6。其中，DMRS 3，DMRS 4，DMRS 5和DMRS 6占据相同的时频资源位置。DMRS 3与DMRS 4通过外层正交码(即不同循环移位值生成的正交码)进行码分正交复用，DMRS 5与DMRS 6通过外层正交码(即不同循环移位值生成的正交码)进行码分正交复用，{DMRS 3，DMRS 4}与{DMRS 5，DMRS 6}通过内层正交码进行码分正交复用。通过外层正交码进行码分正交复用，也可以称为通过不同的循环移位值进行码分正交复用。
3)DMRS集合包括4个DMRS
该4个DMRS对应的循环移位值分别是：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000114
如表6所示。
表6
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000115
其中，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000116
也可以表示为γ 0＝0，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000117
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000118
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000119
也可以表示为γ 2＝π，
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000120
也可以表示为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000121
该DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000122
表6所示的循环移位值γ 0、γ 1、γ 2、γ 3分别对应DMRS 7、DMRS 8、DMRS 9、DMRS 10，或者分别对应DMRS 11、DMRS 12、DMRS 13、DMRS 14，DMRS集合中包含DMRS 7、DMRS 8、DMRS 9、DMRS 10，或者包含DMRS 11、DMRS 12、DMRS 13、DMRS 14。如图15(c)所示，DMRS 7、DMRS 8、DMRS 9、DMRS 10，DMRS 11、DMRS 12、DMRS 13、DMRS 14占据相同的时频资源位置。其中，DMRS 7、DMRS 8、DMRS 9和DMRS 10通过外层正交码进行码分正交复用，DMRS 11、DMRS 12、DMRS 13和DMRS 14通过外层正交码进行码分正交复用，{DMRS 7、DMRS 8、DMRS 9、DMRS 10}与{DMRS 11、DMRS 12、DMRS 13、DMRS 14}通过内层正交码进行码分正交复用。
针对上述DMTS Type2，为便于说明，将上述包含1个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合a，将上述包含2个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合b，将上述包含4个DMRS的DMRS集合称为DMRS集合c。在一个示例中，如果第一终端的时延扩展量匹配1个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合a，通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合a中的一个DMRS。在又一个示例中，如果第一终端的时延扩展量匹配2个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合b，可以通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合b中的一个或多个DMRS。在又一个示例中，如果第一终端的时延扩展量匹配4个循环移位值对应的循环移位正交空间，则在上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括该DMRS集合c，可以通过第一指示信息向第一终端指示该DMRS集合c中的一个或多个DMRS。
作为一种实现方法，如果上述第一指示信息指示了至少两个DMRS，该至少两个DMRS属于第一DMRS集合，则第一指示信息指示的至少两个DMRS对应的循环移位值可以是相邻的。即对第一DMRS集合内的DMRS对应的循环移位值进行排序，通过第一指示信息指示的至少两个DMRS对应的循环移位值在这个排序是相邻的。由于第一指示信息指示的至少两个DMRS对应的循环移位值是相邻的，则该两个DMRS对应的循环移位正交空间是连续的，即已经分配给第一终端的循环移位正交空间是连续的，因而剩余的循环移位正交空间也是连续的，从而剩余的循环移位正交空间能够满足灵活分配给其它终端，该其它终端与第一终端可以具有相同时延扩展量要求，也可以具有不同时延扩展量要求。由于该方法可以实现具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间码分复用参考信号，因而可以实现DMRS的灵活和高效分配，实现充分利用码分复用能力。
作为一种实现方法，该至少两个DMRS分别对应的该循环移位值是相邻的，具体是： 该至少两个DMRS分别对应的该循环移位值的索引是连续的，该循环移位值的索引用于标识该循环移位值。结合该方法，在具体实现中，上述第一指示信息可以指示至少两个连续的循环移位值的索引，以实现向第一终端指示对应连续循环移位正交空间的至少两个DMRS，该方法简单易实施。
作为一种实现方法，第一DMRS集合对应的第一最小循环移位间隔是一个默认值。基于该方法，上述步骤1902a中，第一终端可以根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和该默认的第一最小循环移位间隔，接收来自基站的第一组DMRS，或者第一终端根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和该默认的第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一组DMRS，然后向基站发送第一组DMRS。
作为另一种实现方法，第一指示信息指示了第一组DMRS，还指示了第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一DMRS集合。基于该方法，上述步骤1902a中，第一终端可以根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和指示的第一最小循环移位间隔，接收来自基站的第一组DMRS，或者第一终端根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和指示的第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一组DMRS，然后向基站发送第一组DMRS。
作为另一种实现方法，基站还向第一终端发送第二指示信息，用于指示第一最小循环移位间隔，该第一最小循环移位间隔对应该第一DMRS集合。基于该方法，上述步骤1902a中，第一终端可以根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和第二指示信息指示的第一最小循环移位间隔，接收来自基站的第一组DMRS，或者第一终端根据第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS和第二指示信息指示的第一最小循环移位间隔确定第一组DMRS，然后向基站发送第一组DMRS。可选的，该第二指示信息与第一指示信息可以携带于不同的信令中，比如第一指示信息携带于DCI中，第二指示信息携带于RRC中，或者是该第二指示信息与上述第一指示信息携带于同一个信令的不同字段中，比如第一指示信息和第二指示信息携带于同一个DCI的不同字段中。
下面结合一个示例，介绍第一终端获取第一组DMRS的具体实现方法。首先，第一终端可以根据默认值、第一指示信息或者第二指示信息确定第一最小循环移位间隔，进而可以根据第一最小循环移位间隔确定循环移位值的取值范围，然后根据循环移位值的取值范围和第一指示信息获取第一组DMRS的DMRS。比如，第一最小循环移位间隔等于
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000123
则第一终端确定循环移位值的取值范围为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000124
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000125
比如，第一指示信息中包含β 0、β 1的索引，则第一终端获取的DMRS包括
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000126
对应的DMRS和
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000127
对应的DMRS。
作为一种实现方法，基站还可以向第一终端发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息指示第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小。其中，循环移位分段大小指的是分配给终端的DMRS所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小。参考图16(a)，为循环移位分段大小示意图。该示例中，第一指示信息指示的第一组DMRS包括2个DMRS，该两个DMRS来自第一DMRS集合，该第一DMRS集合包括8个DMRS，该8个DMRS对应如上述表3所示的 8个循环移位值，第一指示信息指示的2个DMRS分别对应
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000128
和
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000129
该第三指示信息指示的第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000130
表示分配给第一终端的每个DMRS占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000131
可选的，该第三指示信息和与上述第一指示信息携带于同一个信令的不同字段中，比如携带于同一个DCI的不同字段中。或者，该第三指示信息和与上述第一指示信息携带于不同的信令中，比如第三指示信息携带于RRC中，第一指示信息携带于DCI中。
作为一种实现方法，本申请实施例可以定义一个或者多个表格，终端和基站都可以预先存储以下表格中的一个或多个表格。上述图19(a)的实施例可以结合以下表格进行实施。示例性，表格如下所示。
以下示例中，DMRS端口号组合也称为DMRS端口组合、端口号组合或端口组合。一个DMRS端口号组合中包括一个或多个DMRS端口，每个DMRS端口号对应一个DMRS。
在一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图2(a)所示，rank＝1时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表7(a)所示。
表7(a)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000132
根据前面描述，在图2(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS，或者包括由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(a)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口0对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(a)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口1对应的DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(a)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口2对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(a)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口3对应的DMRS。
在一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图2(a)所示，rank＝2时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表7(b)所示。
表7(b)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000133
根据前面描述，在图2(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS，或者包括由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(b)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表7(b)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{2，3}对应的2个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(a)所示，rank＝1时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表8(a)所示。
表8(a)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000134
根据前面描述，在图11(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{1}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{2}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{3}对应的1个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括 这里的由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值4，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值5，则表示向第一终端指示端口{5}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值6，则表示向第一终端指示端口{6}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(a)中的字段值7，则表示向第一终端指示端口{7}对应的1个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(a)所示，rank＝2时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表8(b)所示。
表8(b)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000135
根据前面描述，在图11(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，2}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{1，3}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，6}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值4，则表示向第一终端指示端口{5，7}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(b)中的字段值5，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5}对应的2个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(a)所示，rank＝3时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表8(c)所示。
表8(c)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000136
根据前面描述，在图11(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(c)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1，2}对应的3个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(c)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5，6}对应的3个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(a)所示，rank＝4时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表8(d)所示。
表8(d)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000137
根据前面描述，在图11(a)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(d)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表8(d)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(c)所示，rank＝1时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表9(a)所示。
表9(a)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000138
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000139
根据前面描述，在图11(c)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为示该表9(a)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{1}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{2}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{3}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值4，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值5，则表示向第一终端指示端口{5}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值6，则表示向第一终端指示端口{6}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值7，则表示向第一终端指示端口{7}对应的1个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值8，则表示向第一终端指示端口{8}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值9，则表示向第一终端指示端口{9}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值10，则表示向第一终端指示端口{10}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值11，则表示向第一终端指示端口{11}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值12，则表示向第一终端指示端口{12}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值13，则表示向第一终端指示端口{13}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的 字段值14，则表示向第一终端指示端口{14}对应的1个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(a)中的字段值15，则表示向第一终端指示端口{15}对应的1个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(c)所示，rank＝2时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表9(b)所示。
表9(b)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000140
根据前面描述，在图11(c)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，2}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{1，3}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，6}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值4，则表示向第一终端指示端口{5，7}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值5，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5}对应的2个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值6，则表示向第一终端指示端口{8，10}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值7，则表示向第一终端指示端口{9， 11}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值8，则表示向第一终端指示端口{8，9}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值9，则表示向第一终端指示端口{12，14}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值10，则表示向第一终端指示端口{13，15}对应的2个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(b)中的字段值11，则表示向第一终端指示端口{12，13}对应的2个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(c)所示，rank＝3时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表9(c)所示。
表9(c)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000141
根据前面描述，在图11(c)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(c)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1，2}对应的3个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(c)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5，6}对应的3个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(c)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{8，9，10}对应的3个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(c)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{12，13，14}对应的3个DMRS。
在又一个示例中，在OFDM波形下，DMRS Type1，DMRS占用1个OFDM符号，DMRS时频资源映射图样如图11(c)所示，rank＝4时，DMRS端口号组合可以如下表9(d)所示。
表9(d)
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000142
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000143
根据前面描述，在图11(c)的示例中，DMRS集合包括由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS，或者包括由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{0，1，2，3，4，5，6，7}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(d)中的字段值0，则表示向第一终端指示端口{0，1，2，3}对应的4个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(d)中的字段值1，则表示向第一终端指示端口{4，5，6，7}对应的4个DMRS。如果上述步骤1901a中的至少两个DMRS集合包括这里的由端口{8，9，10，11，12，13，14，15}对应的8个DMRS组成的DMRS集合，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(d)中的字段值2，则表示向第一终端指示端口{8，9，10，11}对应的4个DMRS，当上述第一指示信息为该表9(d)中的字段值3，则表示向第一终端指示端口{12，13，14，15}对应的4个DMRS。
作为另一种实现方法，对于某一rank值，上述表7(a)至表7(b)、表8(a)至表8(d)及表9(a)至表9(d)中的两个表格或两个以上的表格也可以合并至一个表格，比如对于rank＝2，可以将上述表7(b)和表8(b)写成一个表格，如下表10所示。
表10
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000144
上述表10中，字段值0-1对应表7(b)，字段值2-7对应表8(b)。
需要说明的是，对于其他DMRS类型，如DMRS type1双符号，DMRS type2单符号，DMRS type2双符号，其他rank值的条件下，也可以有类似的表格，不再一一列举。
根据前面介绍，本申请实施例提出通过增加DMRS的个数来增加传输的数据层数，从而达到提升传输速率的目的。但是，在增加DMRS的同时，将会使得终端的时延扩展量进一步受限。比如，当DMRS从2个扩充为4个时，则扩充后的DMRS可以分配给时延扩展量不大于N/4的多个终端进行复用，而实际存在时延扩展量大于N/4的终端，该设计无法使这些终端实现配对，即扩充后的DMRS无法使具有较小的时延扩展量的终端与具有较 大的时延扩展量的终端之间进行DMRS复用。
为实现使具有不同时延扩展量的终端之间进行DMRS复用，本申请实施例提供相应的解决方法。下面以两个终端进行DMRS复用为例进行说明。对于两个以上的终端进行DMRS复用的实现方法，与两个终端进行DMRS复用的方法类似，不再赘述。
图19(b)为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法示意图。该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤1901b，基站向第一终端发送第一指示信息。相应地，第一终端接收第一指示信息。
步骤1902b，基站向第一终端发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS，或者第一终端向基站发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS。
其中，上述步骤1901b至步骤1902b的具体实现，同上述步骤1901a至步骤1902a，不再赘述。
步骤1903b，基站向第二终端发送第四指示信息。相应的，第二终端接收该第四指示信息。
可选的，该第四指示信息包含于DCI中。
该第四指示信息指示了第二组DMRS，该第二组DMRS包括至少一个DMRS，该第二组DMRS属于至少两个DMRS集合中的第二DMRS集合。
步骤1904b，基站向第二终端发送第二组DMRS中的DMRS，或者第二终端向基站发送第二组DMRS中的DMRS。
在一种实现方法中，若上述步骤1902b中，基站向第一终端发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS，则该步骤1904b中，基站向第二终端发送第二组DMRS中的DMRS，从而终端可以获取到第一组DMRS中的DMRS和第二组DMRS中的DMRS。
在另一种实现方法中，若上述步骤1902b中，第一终端根据第一指示信息获取到第一组DMRS中的DMRS，然后向基站发送第一组DMRS中的DMRS，则该步骤1904b中，第二终端根据第四指示信息获取到第二组DMRS中的DMRS，然后向基站发送第二组DMRS中的DMRS。
根据上述方案，一方面，在为终端(如上述第一终端、第二终端)分配参考信号时，可以根据终端的时延扩展量要求，确定该终端的时延扩展量要求对应的最小循环移位间隔，并从该最小循环移位间隔对应的参考信号集合中选择一个或多个参考信号配置给终端，实现了根据终端的时延扩展量要求，灵活和高效地为终端配置参考信号。另一方面，当多个终端码分正交复用DMRS时，可以为不同终端配置不同DMRS集合内的参考信号，从而实现多个终端之间码分正交复用DMRS，可以节约时频资源开销，并且由于不同DMRS集合对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，使得具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间可以码分正交复用DMRS，即具有较小时延扩展量要求的终端与具有较大时延扩展量要求的终端之间进行码分复用，从而实现了充分提升码分正交复用能力。
作为一种实现方法，第一DMRS集合对应的第一最小循环移位间隔是默认值，或者是通过上述第一指示信息指示的，或者是通过上述第二指示信息指示的，具体实现可以参考图19(a)的实施例的描述，不再赘述。
作为一种实现方法，第二DMRS集合对应的第二最小循环移位间隔是默认值，或者是通过上述第四指示信息指示的，或者是通过第六指示信息指示的，具体实现与第一最小循环移位值的各种实现方法类似，可以参考前述描述，不再赘述。可选的，该第六指示信息 和与上述第四指示信息携带于同一个信令的不同字段中，比如携带于同一个DCI的不同字段中。或者，该第六指示信息和与上述第四指示信息携带于不同的信令中，比如第六指示信息携带于RRC中，第四指示信息携带于DCI中。
其中，第一DMRS集合对应的第一最小循环移位间隔与第二DMRS集合对应的第二最小循环移位间隔不同。
作为一种实现方法，基站还可以向第一终端发送第三指示信息，该第三指示信息指示第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小，以及向第二终端发送第五指示信息，该第五指示信息指示第二组DMRS的循环移位分段大小。其中，第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小与第二组DMRS的循环移位分段大小不同。循环移位分段大小指的是分配给终端的DMRS所占用的循环移位空间或正交码分空间的大小。参考图16(b)，为循环移位分段大小示意图，其中，分配给终端1的DMRS对应的循环移位分段大小是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000145
分配给终端2的DMRS对应的循环移位分段大小是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000146
分配给终端3的DMRS对应的循环移位分段大小是
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000147
比如，如果第一终端是终端1，第二终端是终端2，则分配给第一终端的第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000148
分配给第二终端的第二组DMRS的循环移位分段大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000149
如果第一终端是终端2，第二终端是终端3，则分配给第一终端的第一组DMRS的循环移位分段大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000150
分配给第二终端的第二组DMRS的循环移位分段大小为
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000151
作为一种实现方法，基站向多个终端分配DMRS，也即多个终端进行DMRS码分复用，该多个终端包括上述第一终端和第二终端。比如，向该多个终端分配的DMRS的总数量是N，N为大于1的整数。该N个DMRS与N个循环移位值一一对应，每个DMRS对应一个循环移位值，该N个DMRS包括上述第一组DMRS和上述第二组DMRS。该N个循环移位值互不相同，该N个循环移位值对应N个循环移位间隔，该N个循环移位间隔中的任意一个循环移位间隔用于表示该N个循环移位间隔中取值相邻的两个循环移位值之间的间隔，该N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同。
下面结合一个示例进行说明。图16(c)为循环移位间隔示意图。假设由终端1、终端2和终端3进行DMRS码分复用，其中，第一终端、第二终端可以是终端1、终端2和终端3中的任两个不同的终端。分配给终端1的DMRS对应的循环移位值为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000152
分配给终端2的DMRS对应的循环移位值为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000153
分配给终端3的DMRS对应的循环移位值为：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000154
因此，分配给终端1、终端2和终端3的DMRS的总数量N＝4，该4个DMRS对应的4个循环移位值包括
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000155
和
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000156
因此可以得到4个循环移位间隔，分别为：
循环移位间隔1：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000157
循环移位间隔2：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000158
循环移位间隔3：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000159
循环移位间隔4：
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000160
需要说明的是，在计算最后一个循环移位间隔时，由于相邻的后一个循环移位值(即最小的循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000161
)比相邻的前一个循环移位值(即最大的循环移位值
Figure PCTCN2022104676-appb-000162
)要小，因此在计算循环移位间隔时，需要加上2π后再进行计算。
下面结合上述表1至表6，介绍具有不同时延扩展量要求的终端之间的DMRS码分复用的具体示例。
1)针对DMRS Tpye1的场景
以下示例中，关于α、β、γ的取值可以参考上述表1至表3。
在一个示例中，终端1与终端2之间进行DMRS码分复用，终端2对应的时延扩展量是终端1对应的时延扩展量的2倍。基站为终端1分配2个DMRS，该2个DMRS分别对应β 0、β 1，基站为终端2分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应α 1。该示例可以参考图17(a)。该示例，可以理解为是rank＝2的终端1，与rank＝1的终端2之间正交复用循环移位正交空间。
在又一个示例中，终端1、终端2与终端3之间进行DMRS码分复用，终端3对应的时延扩展量是终端2对应的时延扩展量的2倍，终端2对应的时延扩展量是终端1对应的时延扩展量的2倍。基站为终端1分配2个DMRS，该2个DMRS分别对应γ 0、γ 1，基站为终端2分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应β 1，基站为终端3分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应α 1。该示例可以参考图17(b)。该示例，可以理解为是rank＝2的终端1，rank＝1的终端2与rank＝1的终端3之间正交复用循环移位正交空间。
2)针对DMRS Tpye2的场景
以下示例中，关于α、β、γ的取值可以参考上述表4至表6。
在一个示例中，终端1与终端2之间进行DMRS码分复用，终端2对应的时延扩展量是终端1对应的时延扩展量的2倍。基站为终端1分配2个DMRS，该2个DMRS分别对应β 0、β 1，基站为终端2分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应α 0。该示例可以参考图18(a)，其中，DMRS 3和DMRS 4分配给终端1，DMRS 2分配给终端2，这里的DMRS 2与图15(a)中的DMRS 2含义相同，DMRS 3、DMRS 4与图15(b)中的DMRS 3、DMRS 4含义相同。该示例，可以理解为是rank＝2的终端1，与rank＝1的终端2之间正交复用循环移位正交空间。
在又一个示例中，终端1、终端2与终端3之间进行DMRS码分复用，终端3对应的时延扩展量是终端2对应的时延扩展量的2倍，终端2对应的时延扩展量是终端1对应的时延扩展量的2倍。基站为终端1分配2个DMRS，该2个DMRS分别对应γ 0、γ 1，基站为终端2分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应β 1，基站为终端3分配1个DMRS，该DMRS对应α 0。该示例可以参考图18(b)，其中，DMRS 7和DMRS 8分配给终端1，DMRS 4分配给终端2，DMRS 2分配给终端3，这里的DMRS 2与图15(a)中的DMRS 2含义相同，DMRS 4与图15(b)中的DMRS 4含义相同，DMRS 7、DMRS 8与图15(c)中的DMRS 7、DMRS 8含义相同。该示例，可以理解为是rank＝2的终端1，rank＝1的终端2与rank＝1的终端3之间正交复用循环移位正交空间。
可以理解的是，为了实现上述实施例中功能，基站和终端包括了执行各个功能相应的 硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本申请中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及方法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件相结合的形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用场景和设计约束条件。
图20和图21为本申请的实施例提供的可能的通信装置的结构示意图。这些通信装置可以用于实现上述方法实施例中终端或基站的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请的实施例中，该通信装置可以是如图1所示的终端120a-120j中的一个，也可以是如图1所示的基站110a或110b，还可以是应用于终端或基站的模块(如芯片)。
如图20所示，通信装置2000包括处理单元2010和收发单元2020。通信装置2000用于实现上述图19(a)或图19(b)中所示的方法实施例中终端或基站的功能。
在第一个实施例中，当通信装置2000用于实现图19(a)或图19(b)所示的方法实施例中基站的功能时：收发单元2020，用于向第一终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；收发单元2020，还用于向所述第一终端发送所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号，或者接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于向所述第一终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的，包括：所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值的索引是连续的，所述循环移位值的索引用于标识所述循环移位值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于向第二终端发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息指示第二组参考信号，所述第二组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第二组参考信号中的参考信号属于第二参考信号集合，所述第二参考信号集合为所述至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述第二参考信号集合与所述第一参考信号集合不同。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；向所述第二终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息指示所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；其中，所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小与所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小 不同。
在一种可能的实现方法中，分配给至少两个终端的N个参考信号与N个循环移位值一一对应，所述至少两个终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端，所述N个参考信号包括所述第一组参考信号和所述第二组参考信号，所述N个循环移位值互不相同，所述N个循环移位值对应N个循环移位间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中的任意一个循环移位间隔用于表示所述N个循环移位间隔中取值相邻的两个循环移位值之间的间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同，N为大于1的整数。在第二个实施例中，当通信装置2000用于实现图19(a)或图19(b)所示的方法实施例中第一终端的功能时：收发单元2020，用于接收来自无线接入网设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；处理单元2010，用于根据所述第一指示信息，获取所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的，包括：所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值的索引是连续的，所述循环移位值的索引用于标识所述循环移位值。
在一种可能的实现方法中，所述收发单元2020，还用于接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
有关上述处理单元2010和收发单元2020更详细的描述，可以直接参考图19(a)或图19(b)所示的方法实施例中相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
如图21所示，通信装置2100包括处理器2110和接口电路2120。处理器2110和接口电路2120之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路2120可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置2100还可以包括存储器2130，用于存储处理器2110执行的指令或存储处理器2110运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器2110运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置2100用于实现图19(a)或图19(b)所示的方法时，处理器2110用于实现上述处理单元2010的功能，接口电路2120用于实现上述收发单元2020的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于终端的芯片时，该终端芯片实现上述方法实施例中终端的功能。该终端芯片从终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是基站发送给终端的；或者，该终端芯片向终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是终端发送给基站的。
当上述通信装置为应用于基站的模块时，该基站模块实现上述方法实施例中基站的功 能。该基站模块从基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是终端发送给基站的；或者，该基站模块向基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是基站发送给终端的。这里的基站模块可以是基站的基带芯片，也可以是DU或其他模块，这里的DU可以是开放式无线接入网(open radio access network，O-RAN)架构下的DU。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、致密光盘只读存储器(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于基站或终端中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于基站或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。计算机程序(英语：Computer Program)是指一组指示电子计算机或其他具有消息处理能力设备每一步动作的指令，通常用某种程序设计语言编写，运行于某种目标体系结构上。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、基站、终端或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的 文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (32)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    向第一终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；
    向所述第一终端发送所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号，或者接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    向所述第一终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  4. 如权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的，包括：
    所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值的索引是连续的，所述循环移位值的索引用于标识所述循环移位值。
  6. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
  7. 如权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    向第二终端发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息指示第二组参考信号，所述第二组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第二组参考信号中的参考信号属于第二参考信号集合，所述第二参考信号集合为所述至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述第二参考信号集合与所述第一参考信号集合不同。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；
    向所述第二终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息指示所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；
    其中，所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小与所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小不同。
  9. 如权利要求7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，分配给至少两个终端的N个参考信号 与N个循环移位值一一对应，所述至少两个终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端，所述N个参考信号包括所述第一组参考信号和所述第二组参考信号，所述N个循环移位值互不相同，所述N个循环移位值对应N个循环移位间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中的任意一个循环移位间隔用于表示所述N个循环移位间隔中取值相邻的两个循环移位值之间的间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同，N为大于1的整数。
  10. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接收来自无线接入网设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；
    根据所述第一指示信息，获取所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  13. 如权利要求10至12中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
  14. 如权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的，包括：
    所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值的索引是连续的，所述循环移位值的索引用于标识所述循环移位值。
  15. 如权利要求10至13中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
  16. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于向第一终端发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第一组参考信号中的参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；
    所述收发单元，还用于向所述第一终端发送所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号，或者接收来自所述第一终端的所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
  17. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  18. 如权利要求16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于向所述第一终端发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  19. 如权利要求16至18中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
  20. 如权利要求16至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元，还用于向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
  21. 如权利要求16至19中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述收发单元，还用于向第二终端发送第四指示信息，所述第四指示信息指示第二组参考信号，所述第二组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述第二组参考信号中的参考信号属于第二参考信号集合，所述第二参考信号集合为所述至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述第二参考信号集合与所述第一参考信号集合不同。
  22. 如权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，所述收发单元，还用于：
    向所述第一终端发送第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；
    向所述第二终端发送第五指示信息，所述第五指示信息指示所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小；
    其中，所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小与所述第二组参考信号的循环移位分段大小不同。
  23. 如权利要求21或22所述的装置，其特征在于，分配给至少两个终端的N个参考信号与N个循环移位值一一对应，所述至少两个终端包括所述第一终端和所述第二终端，所述N个参考信号包括所述第一组参考信号和所述第二组参考信号，所述N个循环移位值互不相同，所述N个循环移位值对应N个循环移位间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中的任意一个循环移位间隔用于表示所述N个循环移位间隔中取值相邻的两个循环移位值之间的间隔，所述N个循环移位间隔中至少存在两个循环移位间隔的取值不同，N为大于1的整数。
  24. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发单元，用于接收来自无线接入网设备的第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息指示第一组参考信号，所述第一组参考信号包括至少一个参考信号，所述至少一个参考信号属于第一参考信号集合，所述第一参考信号集合为至少两个参考信号集合中的一个，所述至少两个参考信号集合分别对应的最小循环移位间隔互不相同，所述至少两个参考信号集合占用相同的时频资源；
    处理单元，用于根据所述第一指示信息，获取所述第一组参考信号中的所述至少一个参考信号。
  25. 如权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述第一指示信息还指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  26. 如权利要求24所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元，还用于接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息指示第一最小循环移位间隔，所述第一最小循环移位间隔对应所述第一参考信号集合。
  27. 如权利要求24至26中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述至少两个参考信号集合中的每个所述参考信号对应一个循环移位值，所述第一组参考信号包括至少两个参考信号，所述至少两个参考信号属于所述第一参考信号集合，所述至少两个参考信号分别对应的所述循环移位值是相邻的。
  28. 如权利要求24至27中任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    所述收发单元，还用于接收来自所述无线接入网设备的第三指示信息，所述第三指示信息指示所述第一组参考信号的循环移位分段大小。
  29. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
  30. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器用于执行存储于存储器中的指令，使得如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  31. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，存储有指令，当所述执行被计算机执行，使得如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法被实现。
  32. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被执行时，实现如权利要求1至15中任一项所述的方法。
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