WO2023008614A1

WO2023008614A1 - Method and device for transmitting signal through spatial phase-shift beam in wireless communication system

Info

Publication number: WO2023008614A1
Application number: PCT/KR2021/009888
Authority: WO
Inventors: 김수남; 이종구; 홍태환; 민준기
Original assignee: 엘지전자 주식회사
Priority date: 2021-07-29
Filing date: 2021-07-29
Publication date: 2023-02-02
Also published as: KR20240037875A

Abstract

The present disclosure may provide a method for transmitting a signal by a terminal in a wireless communication system. In this case, the method for transmitting a signal by the terminal may comprise the steps of: generating a transmission signal by the terminal on the basis of an RF antenna; and transmitting data to a base station on the basis of the transmission signal.

Description

Method and apparatus for transmitting a signal through a spatial phase-shifted beam in a wireless communication system

The following description relates to a wireless communication system, and relates to a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving signals between a terminal and a base station through a spatial phase shift beam in the wireless communication system.

In particular, it is possible to provide a method and apparatus for transmitting a signal by generating a beam (spatial phase varying beam, SPV) in which the phase of the beamformed signal is constantly varied depending on location.

A wireless access system is widely deployed to provide various types of communication services such as voice and data. In general, a wireless access system is a multiple access system capable of supporting communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (bandwidth, transmission power, etc.). Examples of the multiple access system include a code division multiple access (CDMA) system, a frequency division multiple access (FDMA) system, a time division multiple access (TDMA) system, an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system, and a single carrier frequency (SC-FDMA) system. division multiple access) system.

In particular, as many communication devices require large communication capacity, an enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communication technology compared to existing radio access technology (RAT) has been proposed. In addition, communication systems considering reliability and latency sensitive services/UEs as well as massive Machine Type Communications (MTC) providing various services anytime and anywhere by connecting multiple devices and objects have been proposed. Various technical configurations for this have been proposed.

The present disclosure may provide a method and apparatus for transmitting and receiving a signal through a spatial phase shift beam in a wireless communication system.

The present disclosure may provide a method of generating a beam that causes a phase of a beamformed signal to constantly change according to a position in a wireless communication system.

The present disclosure may provide a method for configuring and controlling radio frequency (RF) and baseband for generating an SPV beam in a wireless communication system.

The present disclosure may provide a method for performing spatial multiplexing through an SPV beam in a wireless communication system.

The present disclosure may provide a method for operating an SPV beam in a wireless communication system.

The technical objects to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned matters, and other technical problems not mentioned above are common knowledge in the art to which the technical configuration of the present disclosure is applied from the embodiments of the present disclosure to be described below. can be considered by those who have

As an example of the present disclosure, in a method for a terminal to transmit a signal in a wireless communication system, the terminal generates a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna and transmits data to a base station based on the transmission signal Including the step, wherein the transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna, and at least one or more antennas are composed of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase in which a transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, in a method of operating a base station in a wireless communication system, the base station generates a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna and transmits data to a terminal based on the transmission signal. Including, but the transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna, and at least one or more antennas consist of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees. A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase of a transmission signal that is disposed based on the above antenna pairs and is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of at least one or more antenna pairs.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, in a terminal of a wireless communication system, including a transceiver and a processor connected to the transceiver, the processor generates a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna, and data based on the transmission signal is transmitted to the base station through the transceiver, but the transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna, and at least one or more antennas are two with a 180 degree phase difference. A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase of a transmission signal radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, in a base station of a wireless communication system, including a transceiver and a processor connected to the transceiver, the processor generates a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna, and data based on the transmission signal is transmitted to the terminal through the transceiver, but the transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna, and at least one or more antennas are two with a 180 degree phase difference. A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase of a transmission signal radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, in a device including at least one memory and at least one processor functionally connected to the at least one memory, the at least one processor includes a radio frequency (RF) antenna. Based on the control to generate a transmission signal, and transmit data based on the transmission signal, the transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna, at least one The above antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees, and based on a radiation phase in which a transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of at least one or more antenna pairs A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, in a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing at least one instruction, at least one executable by a processor Includes a command of, wherein at least one command controls the device to generate a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna and transmit data based on the transmission signal, wherein the transmission signal is at least one in the RF antenna Based on the arrangement of the above antennas, a signal whose phase changes in space is generated, and at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees, and at least one A phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase in which a transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the above antenna pairs.

In addition, the following items can be applied in common.

As an example of the present disclosure, a signal analysis line may be generated based on an azimuth and a zenith angle according to positions of two antennas in an antenna pair.

As an example of the present disclosure, each of at least one antenna pair in an RF antenna is positioned at a point rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the x-axis, but a value obtained by mapping a first antenna pair rotated by a first angle to the x-axis Positions for each of the first and second antenna pairs may be determined such that is set equal to a value obtained by mapping the second antenna pair rotated by the second angle to the x-axis.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, the first phase value of the first phase shifter applied to the first antenna pair and the second phase value of the second phase shifter applied to the second antenna pair are The radiation phase can be set to a value that maintains a constant value.

Also, as an example of the present disclosure, when an antenna is additionally disposed within an RF antenna, the antenna may be added in units of antenna pairs to generate a signal whose phase changes in space.

Also, as an example of the present disclosure, the phase value of the phase shifter set by the added antenna pair may be set to a value at which the phase value on the signal analysis line of the added antenna pair is kept constant.

In addition, as an example of the present disclosure, the total phase value change amount of the phase shifter for each of at least one antenna in the RF antenna is set to (2n + 1) 2 π, and n may be an integer.

Also, as an example of the present disclosure, a precoder phase value difference between two adjacent antennas in an RF antenna may be set as an integer multiple of a value difference obtained by rotating each of the two antennas about the origin.

The following effects may be obtained by embodiments based on the present disclosure.

According to the present disclosure, a signal may be transmitted and received through a spatial phase shift beam in a wireless communication system.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to generate a beam such that a phase of a beamformed signal constantly changes according to a location in a wireless communication system.

According to the present disclosure, it is possible to configure and control a radio frequency (RF) and baseband for generating an SPV beam in a wireless communication system.

According to the present disclosure, spatial multiplexing may be performed through an SPV beam in a wireless communication system.

According to the present disclosure, an SPV beam can be operated in a wireless communication system.

Effects obtainable in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the above-mentioned effects, and other effects not mentioned are technical fields to which the technical configuration of the present disclosure is applied from the description of the following embodiments of the present disclosure. can be clearly derived and understood by those skilled in the art. That is, unintended effects according to implementing the configuration described in the present disclosure may also be derived by those skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present disclosure.

The accompanying drawings are provided to aid understanding of the present disclosure, and may provide embodiments of the present disclosure together with a detailed description. However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited to specific drawings, and features disclosed in each drawing may be combined with each other to form a new embodiment. Reference numerals in each drawing may mean structural elements.

1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system applicable to the present disclosure.

2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

3 is a diagram illustrating another example of a wireless device applicable to the present disclosure.

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a portable device applicable to the present disclosure.

5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle or autonomous vehicle applicable to the present disclosure.

6 is a diagram showing an example of AI (Artificial Intelligence) applicable to the present disclosure.

7 is a diagram showing an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system applicable to the present disclosure.

8 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic spectrum applicable to the present disclosure.

9 is a diagram illustrating an orbital angular momentum (OAM)-based signal of an optical signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

10 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating an OAM signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

11 is a diagram illustrating a pair of antennas for generating a beam whose phase changes according to space according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

12 is a diagram illustrating a pair of antennas for generating a beam whose phase changes according to space according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

13 is a diagram showing the size of a beam whose phase changes according to space according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

14 is a diagram illustrating a method of adding one more antenna pair to three antenna pairs according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

15 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on an antenna group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

16 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on an antenna group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

17 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on an antenna group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

18 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on an antenna group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

19 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on a plurality of antenna groups according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

20 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on a plurality of antenna groups according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

21 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on a plurality of antenna groups according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

22 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating a beam whose phase changes according to space based on a plurality of antenna groups according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

22 is a diagram illustrating RF and baseband structures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

23 is a diagram illustrating RF and baseband structures according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

24 is a diagram illustrating a method of transmitting a signal through a beam whose phase changes according to space according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

25 is a diagram illustrating a method for a terminal to transmit a signal in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

26 is a diagram illustrating a method for a base station to transmit a signal in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

The following embodiments are those that combine elements and features of the present disclosure in a predetermined form. Each component or feature may be considered optional unless explicitly stated otherwise. Each component or feature may be implemented in a form not combined with other components or features. In addition, an embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured by combining some elements and/or features. The order of operations described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be changed. Some components or features of one embodiment may be included in another embodiment, or may be replaced with corresponding components or features of another embodiment.

In the description of the drawings, procedures or steps that may obscure the gist of the present disclosure have not been described, and procedures or steps that can be understood by those skilled in the art have not been described.

Throughout the specification, when a part is said to "comprising" or "including" a certain element, it means that it may further include other elements, not excluding other elements, unless otherwise stated. do. In addition, terms such as “… unit”, “… unit”, and “module” described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which is hardware or software or a combination of hardware and software. can be implemented as Also, "a or an", "one", "the" and similar related words in the context of describing the present disclosure (particularly in the context of the claims below) Unless indicated or otherwise clearly contradicted by context, both the singular and the plural can be used.

Embodiments of the present disclosure in this specification have been described with a focus on a data transmission/reception relationship between a base station and a mobile station. Here, a base station has meaning as a terminal node of a network that directly communicates with a mobile station. A specific operation described as being performed by a base station in this document may be performed by an upper node of the base station in some cases.

That is, in a network composed of a plurality of network nodes including a base station, various operations performed for communication with a mobile station may be performed by the base station or network nodes other than the base station. At this time, the 'base station' is a term such as a fixed station, Node B, eNode B, gNode B, ng-eNB, advanced base station (ABS), or access point. can be replaced by

In addition, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, a terminal includes a user equipment (UE), a mobile station (MS), a subscriber station (SS), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), It may be replaced with terms such as mobile terminal or advanced mobile station (AMS).

In addition, the transmitting end refers to a fixed and/or mobile node providing data service or voice service, and the receiving end refers to a fixed and/or mobile node receiving data service or voice service. Therefore, in the case of uplink, the mobile station can be a transmitter and the base station can be a receiver. Similarly, in the case of downlink, the mobile station may be a receiving end and the base station may be a transmitting end.

Embodiments of the present disclosure are wireless access systems, such as an IEEE 802.xx system, a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) system, a 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a 3GPP 5G (5th generation) NR (New Radio) system, and a 3GPP2 system. It may be supported by at least one disclosed standard document, and in particular, the embodiments of the present disclosure are supported by 3GPP technical specification (TS) 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.321 and 3GPP TS 38.331 documents It can be.

In addition, embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to other wireless access systems, and are not limited to the above-described systems. For example, it may also be applicable to a system applied after the 3GPP 5G NR system, and is not limited to a specific system.

That is, obvious steps or parts not described in the embodiments of the present disclosure may be described with reference to the above documents. In addition, all terms disclosed in this document can be explained by the standard document.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description set forth below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings is intended to describe exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, and is not intended to represent the only embodiments in which the technical configurations of the present disclosure may be practiced.

In addition, specific terms used in the embodiments of the present disclosure are provided to aid understanding of the present disclosure, and the use of these specific terms may be changed in other forms without departing from the technical spirit of the present disclosure.

The following technologies include code division multiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), and the like. It can be applied to various wireless access systems.

In the following, in order to clarify the following description, the description is based on the 3GPP communication system (e.g. (eg, LTE, NR, etc.), but the technical spirit of the present invention is not limited thereto. LTE is 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 8 or later In detail, LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 10 is referred to as LTE-A, and LTE technology after 3GPP TS 36.xxx Release 13 may be referred to as LTE-A pro. 3GPP NR may mean technology after TS 38.xxx Release 15. 3GPP 6G may mean technology after TS Release 17 and/or Release 18. "xxx" means a standard document detail number. LTE/NR/6G may be collectively referred to as a 3GPP system.

For background art, terms, abbreviations, etc. used in the present disclosure, reference may be made to matters described in standard documents published prior to the present invention. As an example, 36.xxx and 38.xxx standard documents may be referred to.

본 개시에 적용 가능한 통신 시스템Communication systems applicable to the present disclosure

Although not limited thereto, various descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and / or operational flowcharts of the present disclosure disclosed in this document may be applied to various fields requiring wireless communication / connection (eg, 5G) between devices. there is.

Hereinafter, it will be exemplified in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the following drawings/description, the same reference numerals may represent the same or corresponding hardware blocks, software blocks or functional blocks unless otherwise specified.

1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication system applied to the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a communication system 100 applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device, a base station, and a network. Here, the wireless device means a device that performs communication using a radio access technology (eg, 5G NR, LTE), and may be referred to as a communication/wireless/5G device. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device includes a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a hand-held device 100d, and a home appliance. appliance) 100e, Internet of Thing (IoT) device 100f, and artificial intelligence (AI) device/server 100g. For example, the vehicle may include a vehicle equipped with a wireless communication function, an autonomous vehicle, a vehicle capable of performing inter-vehicle communication, and the like. Here, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (eg, a drone). The XR device 100c includes augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality (VR)/mixed reality (MR) devices, and includes a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, It may be implemented in the form of smart phones, computers, wearable devices, home appliances, digital signage, vehicles, robots, and the like. The mobile device 100d may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearable device (eg, a smart watch, a smart glass), a computer (eg, a laptop computer), and the like. The home appliance 100e may include a TV, a refrigerator, a washing machine, and the like. The IoT device 100f may include a sensor, a smart meter, and the like. For example, the base station 120 and the network 130 may also be implemented as a wireless device, and a specific wireless device 120a may operate as a base station/network node to other wireless devices.

The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 130 through the base station 120 . AI technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI server 100g through the network 130. The network 130 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (eg LTE) network, or a 5G (eg NR) network. The wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other through the base station 120/network 130, but communicate directly without going through the base station 120/network 130 (e.g., sidelink communication). You may. For example, the vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (eg, vehicle to vehicle (V2V)/vehicle to everything (V2X) communication). In addition, the IoT device 100f (eg, sensor) may directly communicate with other IoT devices (eg, sensor) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

Referring to FIG. 2 , a first wireless device 200a and a second wireless device 200b may transmit and receive radio signals through various wireless access technologies (eg, LTE and NR). Here, {the first wireless device 200a, the second wireless device 200b} denotes the {wireless device 100x and the base station 120} of FIG. 1 and/or the {wireless device 100x and the wireless device 100x. } can correspond.

The first wireless device 200a includes one or more processors 202a and one or more memories 204a, and may further include one or more transceivers 206a and/or one or more antennas 208a. The processor 202a controls the memory 204a and/or the transceiver 206a and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flow diagrams disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202a may process information in the memory 204a to generate first information/signal, and transmit a radio signal including the first information/signal through the transceiver 206a. In addition, the processor 202a may receive a radio signal including the second information/signal through the transceiver 206a and store information obtained from signal processing of the second information/signal in the memory 204a. The memory 204a may be connected to the processor 202a and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202a. For example, memory 204a may perform some or all of the processes controlled by processor 202a, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or flowcharts of operations disclosed herein. It may store software codes including them. Here, the processor 202a and the memory 204a may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (eg, LTE, NR). The transceiver 206a may be coupled to the processor 202a and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas 208a. The transceiver 206a may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 206a may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.

The second wireless device 200b includes one or more processors 202b, one or more memories 204b, and may further include one or more transceivers 206b and/or one or more antennas 208b. The processor 202b controls the memory 204b and/or the transceiver 206b and may be configured to implement the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flow diagrams disclosed herein. For example, the processor 202b may process information in the memory 204b to generate third information/signal, and transmit a radio signal including the third information/signal through the transceiver 206b. In addition, the processor 202b may receive a radio signal including the fourth information/signal through the transceiver 206b and store information obtained from signal processing of the fourth information/signal in the memory 204b. The memory 204b may be connected to the processor 202b and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202b. For example, the memory 204b may perform some or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202b, or instructions for performing the descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or flowcharts of operations disclosed herein. It may store software codes including them. Here, the processor 202b and the memory 204b may be part of a communication modem/circuit/chip designed to implement a wireless communication technology (eg, LTE, NR). The transceiver 206b may be coupled to the processor 202b and may transmit and/or receive wireless signals through one or more antennas 208b. The transceiver 206b may include a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transceiver 206b may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may mean a communication modem/circuit/chip.

Hereinafter, hardware elements of the

wireless devices

200a and 200b will be described in more detail. Although not limited to this, one or more protocol layers may be implemented by one or

more processors

202a, 202b. For example, the one or

more processors

202a and 202b may include one or more layers (eg, PHY (physical), MAC (media access control), RLC (radio link control), PDCP (packet data convergence protocol), RRC (radio resource) control) and functional layers such as service data adaptation protocol (SDAP). One or

more processors

202a, 202b may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and/or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods, and/or operational flow charts disclosed herein. can create One or

more processors

202a, 202b may generate messages, control information, data or information according to the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow diagrams disclosed herein. One or

more processors

202a, 202b generate PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or signals (eg, baseband signals) containing information according to the functions, procedures, proposals and/or methods disclosed herein , may be provided to one or

more transceivers

206a and 206b. One or

more processors

202a, 202b may receive signals (eg, baseband signals) from one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b, and descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods, and/or flowcharts of operations disclosed herein PDUs, SDUs, messages, control information, data or information can be obtained according to these.

One or

more processors

202a, 202b may be referred to as a controller, microcontroller, microprocessor or microcomputer. One or

more processors

202a, 202b may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. For example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). may be included in one or

more processors

202a and 202b. The descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flowcharts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be implemented to include modules, procedures, functions, and the like. Firmware or software configured to perform the descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts disclosed in this document may be included in one or

more processors

202a or 202b or stored in one or

more memories

204a or 204b. It can be driven by the

above processors

202a and 202b. The descriptions, functions, procedures, suggestions, methods and/or operational flow charts disclosed in this document may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of codes, instructions and/or sets of instructions.

One or

more memories

204a, 204b may be coupled to one or

more processors

202a, 202b and may store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, instructions and/or instructions. One or

more memories

204a, 204b may include read only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard drive, registers, cache memory, computer readable storage media, and/or It may consist of a combination of these. One or

more memories

204a, 204b may be located internally and/or externally to one or

more processors

202a, 202b. In addition, one or

more memories

204a, 204b may be connected to one or

more processors

202a, 202b through various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

One or

more transceivers

206a, 206b may transmit user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. referred to in the methods and/or operational flow charts of this document to one or more other devices. One or

more transceivers

206a, 206b may receive user data, control information, radio signals/channels, etc. referred to in descriptions, functions, procedures, proposals, methods and/or operational flow charts, etc. disclosed herein from one or more other devices. there is. For example, one or

more transceivers

206a and 206b may be connected to one or

more processors

202a and 202b and transmit and receive radio signals. For example, one or

more processors

202a, 202b may control one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b to transmit user data, control information, or radio signals to one or more other devices. In addition, one or

more processors

202a, 202b may control one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b to receive user data, control information, or radio signals from one or more other devices. In addition, one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b may be coupled to one or

more antennas

208a, 208b, and one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b may be connected to one or

more antennas

208a, 208b to achieve the descriptions, functions disclosed in this document. , procedures, proposals, methods and / or operation flowcharts, etc. can be set to transmit and receive user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. In this document, one or more antennas may be a plurality of physical antennas or a plurality of logical antennas (eg, antenna ports). One or more transceivers (206a, 206b) in order to process the received user data, control information, radio signal / channel, etc. using one or more processors (202a, 202b), the received radio signal / channel, etc. in the RF band signal It can be converted into a baseband signal. One or

more transceivers

206a and 206b may convert user data, control information, and radio signals/channels processed by one or

more processors

202a and 202b from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b may include (analog) oscillators and/or filters.

본 개시에 적용 가능한 무선 기기 구조Wireless device structure applicable to the present disclosure

3 is a diagram illustrating another example of a wireless device applied to the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 3, a wireless device 300 corresponds to the

wireless devices

200a and 200b of FIG. 2, and includes various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules. ) can be configured. For example, the wireless device 300 may include a communication unit 310, a control unit 320, a memory unit 330, and an additional element 340. The communication unit may include communication circuitry 312 and transceiver(s) 314 . For example, communication circuitry 312 may include one or

more processors

202a, 202b of FIG. 2 and/or one or

more memories

204a, 204b. For example, transceiver(s) 314 may include one or

more transceivers

206a, 206b of FIG. 2 and/or one or

more antennas

208a, 208b. The control unit 320 is electrically connected to the communication unit 310, the memory unit 330, and the additional element 340 and controls overall operations of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 320 may control electrical/mechanical operations of the wireless device based on programs/codes/commands/information stored in the memory unit 330. In addition, the control unit 320 transmits the information stored in the memory unit 330 to the outside (eg, another communication device) through the communication unit 310 through a wireless/wired interface, or transmits the information stored in the memory unit 330 to the outside (eg, another communication device) through the communication unit 310. Information received through a wireless/wired interface from other communication devices) may be stored in the memory unit 330 .

The additional element 340 may be configured in various ways according to the type of wireless device. For example, the additional element 340 may include at least one of a power unit/battery, an input/output unit, a driving unit, and a computing unit. Although not limited thereto, the wireless device 300 may be a robot (FIG. 1, 100a), a vehicle (FIG. 1, 100b-1, 100b-2), an XR device (FIG. 1, 100c), a mobile device (FIG. 1, 100d) ), home appliances (FIG. 1, 100e), IoT devices (FIG. 1, 100f), digital broadcasting terminals, hologram devices, public safety devices, MTC devices, medical devices, fintech devices (or financial devices), security devices, climate/ It may be implemented in the form of an environment device, an AI server/device (FIG. 1, 140), a base station (FIG. 1, 120), a network node, and the like. Wireless devices can be mobile or used in a fixed location depending on the use-case/service.

In FIG. 3 , various elements, components, units/units, and/or modules in the wireless device 300 may be entirely interconnected through a wired interface or at least partially connected wirelessly through the communication unit 310 . For example, in the wireless device 300, the control unit 320 and the communication unit 310 are connected by wire, and the control unit 320 and the first units (eg, 130 and 140) are connected wirelessly through the communication unit 310. can be connected Additionally, each element, component, unit/unit, and/or module within wireless device 300 may further include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 320 may be composed of one or more processor sets. For example, the control unit 320 may include a set of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphic processing processor, a memory control processor, and the like. As another example, the memory unit 330 may include RAM, dynamic RAM (DRAM), ROM, flash memory, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, and/or combinations thereof. can be configured.

본 개시가 적용 가능한 휴대 기기Mobile device to which the present disclosure is applicable

4 is a diagram illustrating an example of a portable device applied to the present disclosure.

4 illustrates a portable device applied to the present disclosure. A portable device may include a smart phone, a smart pad, a wearable device (eg, smart watch, smart glasses), and a portable computer (eg, a laptop computer). A mobile device may be referred to as a mobile station (MS), a user terminal (UT), a mobile subscriber station (MSS), a subscriber station (SS), an advanced mobile station (AMS), or a wireless terminal (WT).

Referring to FIG. 4 , a portable device 400 includes an antenna unit 408, a communication unit 410, a control unit 420, a memory unit 430, a power supply unit 440a, an interface unit 440b, and an input/output unit 440c. ) may be included. The antenna unit 408 may be configured as part of the communication unit 410 . Blocks 410 to 430/440a to 440c respectively correspond to blocks 310 to 330/340 of FIG. 3 .

The communication unit 410 may transmit/receive signals (eg, data, control signals, etc.) with other wireless devices and base stations. The controller 420 may perform various operations by controlling components of the portable device 400 . The controller 420 may include an application processor (AP). The memory unit 430 may store data/parameters/programs/codes/commands necessary for driving the portable device 400 . Also, the memory unit 430 may store input/output data/information. The power supply unit 440a supplies power to the portable device 400 and may include a wired/wireless charging circuit, a battery, and the like. The interface unit 440b may support connection between the mobile device 400 and other external devices. The interface unit 440b may include various ports (eg, audio input/output ports and video input/output ports) for connection with external devices. The input/output unit 440c may receive or output image information/signal, audio information/signal, data, and/or information input from a user. The input/output unit 440c may include a camera, a microphone, a user input unit, a display unit 440d, a speaker, and/or a haptic module.

For example, in the case of data communication, the input/output unit 440c acquires information/signals (eg, touch, text, voice, image, video) input from the user, and the acquired information/signals are stored in the memory unit 430. can be stored The communication unit 410 may convert the information/signal stored in the memory into a wireless signal, and directly transmit the converted wireless signal to another wireless device or to a base station. In addition, the communication unit 410 may receive a radio signal from another wireless device or base station and then restore the received radio signal to original information/signal. After the restored information/signal is stored in the memory unit 430, it may be output in various forms (eg, text, voice, image, video, or haptic) through the input/output unit 440c.

본 개시가 적용 가능한 무선 기기 종류Types of wireless devices to which this disclosure is applicable

5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a vehicle or autonomous vehicle to which the present disclosure applies.

5 illustrates a vehicle or autonomous vehicle to which the present disclosure is applied. A vehicle or an autonomous vehicle may be implemented as a mobile robot, vehicle, train, manned/unmanned aerial vehicle (AV), ship, etc., and is not limited to a vehicle type.

Referring to FIG. 5 , a vehicle or autonomous vehicle 500 includes an antenna unit 508, a communication unit 510, a control unit 520, a driving unit 540a, a power supply unit 540b, a sensor unit 540c, and an autonomous driving unit. A portion 540d may be included. The antenna unit 550 may be configured as a part of the communication unit 510 . Blocks 510/530/540a to 540d respectively correspond to blocks 410/430/440 of FIG. 4 .

The communication unit 510 may transmit/receive signals (eg, data, control signals, etc.) with external devices such as other vehicles, base stations (eg, base stations, roadside base units, etc.), servers, and the like. The controller 520 may perform various operations by controlling elements of the vehicle or autonomous vehicle 500 . The controller 520 may include an electronic control unit (ECU).

6 is a diagram illustrating an example of an AI device applied to the present disclosure. As an example, AI devices include TVs, projectors, smartphones, PCs, laptops, digital broadcasting terminals, tablet PCs, wearable devices, set-top boxes (STBs), radios, washing machines, refrigerators, digital signage, robots, vehicles, etc. It may be implemented as a device or a movable device.

Referring to FIG. 6, the AI device 600 includes a communication unit 610, a control unit 620, a memory unit 630, an input/output unit 640a/640b, a running processor unit 640c, and a sensor unit 640d. can include Blocks 910 to 930/940a to 940d may respectively correspond to blocks 310 to 330/340 of FIG. 3 .

The communication unit 610 communicates wired and wireless signals (eg, sensor information, user data) with external devices such as other AI devices (eg, FIG. 1, 100x, 120, and 140) or AI servers (Fig. input, learning model, control signal, etc.) can be transmitted and received. To this end, the communication unit 610 may transmit information in the memory unit 630 to an external device or transmit a signal received from the external device to the memory unit 630 .

The controller 620 may determine at least one executable operation of the AI device 600 based on information determined or generated using a data analysis algorithm or a machine learning algorithm. And, the controller 620 may perform the determined operation by controlling components of the AI device 600 . For example, the control unit 620 may request, retrieve, receive, or utilize data from the learning processor unit 640c or the memory unit 630, and may perform a predicted operation among at least one feasible operation or one determined to be desirable. Components of the AI device 600 may be controlled to execute an operation. In addition, the control unit 920 collects history information including user feedback on the operation contents or operation of the AI device 600 and stores it in the memory unit 630 or the running processor unit 640c, or the AI server ( 1, 140) can be transmitted to an external device. The collected history information can be used to update the learning model.

The memory unit 630 may store data supporting various functions of the AI device 600 . For example, the memory unit 630 may store data obtained from the input unit 640a, data obtained from the communication unit 610, output data of the learning processor unit 640c, and data obtained from the sensing unit 640. Also, the memory unit 930 may store control information and/or software codes required for operation/execution of the control unit 620 .

The input unit 640a may obtain various types of data from the outside of the AI device 600. For example, the input unit 620 may obtain learning data for model learning and input data to which the learning model is to be applied. The input unit 640a may include a camera, a microphone, and/or a user input unit. The output unit 640b may generate an output related to sight, hearing, or touch. The output unit 640b may include a display unit, a speaker, and/or a haptic module. The sensing unit 640 may obtain at least one of internal information of the AI device 600, surrounding environment information of the AI device 600, and user information by using various sensors. The sensing unit 640 may include a proximity sensor, an illuminance sensor, an acceleration sensor, a magnetic sensor, a gyro sensor, an inertial sensor, an RGB sensor, an IR sensor, a fingerprint recognition sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, an optical sensor, a microphone, and/or a radar. there is.

The learning processor unit 640c may learn a model composed of an artificial neural network using learning data. The running processor unit 640c may perform AI processing together with the running processor unit of the AI server (FIG. 1, 140). The learning processor unit 640c may process information received from an external device through the communication unit 610 and/or information stored in the memory unit 630 . In addition, the output value of the learning processor unit 940c may be transmitted to an external device through the communication unit 610 and/or stored in the memory unit 630.

6G 통신 시스템 6G communication system

6G (radio communications) systems are characterized by (i) very high data rates per device, (ii) very large number of connected devices, (iii) global connectivity, (iv) very low latency, (v) battery- It aims to lower energy consumption of battery-free IoT devices, (vi) ultra-reliable connectivity, and (vii) connected intelligence with machine learning capabilities. The vision of the 6G system can be four aspects such as “intelligent connectivity”, “deep connectivity”, “holographic connectivity”, and “ubiquitous connectivity”, and the 6G system can satisfy the requirements shown in Table 1 below. That is, Table 1 is a table showing the requirements of the 6G system.

At this time, the 6G system is enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), mMTC (massive machine type communications), AI integrated communication, tactile tactile internet, high throughput, high network capacity, high energy efficiency, low backhaul and access network congestion and improved data security ( can have key factors such as enhanced data security.

7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a communication structure that can be provided in a 6G system applicable to the present disclosure.

Referring to FIG. 7 , a 6G system is expected to have 50 times higher simultaneous wireless communication connectivity than a 5G wireless communication system. URLLC, a key feature of 5G, is expected to become a more mainstream technology by providing end-to-end latency of less than 1 ms in 6G communications. At this time, the 6G system will have much better volume spectral efficiency, unlike the frequently used area spectral efficiency. 6G systems can provide very long battery life and advanced battery technology for energy harvesting, so mobile devices in 6G systems may not need to be charged separately.

6G 시스템의 핵심 구현 기술Core implementation technology of 6G system

인공 지능(artificial Intelligence, AI)Artificial Intelligence (AI)

The most important and newly introduced technology for the 6G system is AI. AI was not involved in the 4G system. 5G systems will support partial or very limited AI. However, the 6G system will be AI-enabled for full automation. Advances in machine learning will create more intelligent networks for real-time communication in 6G. Introducing AI in communications can simplify and enhance real-time data transmission. AI can use a plethora of analytics to determine how complex target tasks are performed. In other words, AI can increase efficiency and reduce processing delays.

Time-consuming tasks such as handover, network selection, and resource scheduling can be performed instantly by using AI. AI can also play an important role in machine-to-machine, machine-to-human and human-to-machine communications. In addition, AI can be a rapid communication in the brain computer interface (BCI). AI-based communication systems can be supported by metamaterials, intelligent structures, intelligent networks, intelligent devices, intelligent cognitive radios, self-sustaining wireless networks, and machine learning.

Recently, there have been attempts to integrate AI with wireless communication systems, but these are focused on the application layer, network layer, and especially deep learning, wireless resource management and allocation. come. However, such research is gradually developing into the MAC layer and the physical layer, and in particular, attempts to combine deep learning with wireless transmission are appearing in the physical layer. AI-based physical layer transmission means applying a signal processing and communication mechanism based on an AI driver rather than a traditional communication framework in fundamental signal processing and communication mechanisms. For example, deep learning-based channel coding and decoding, deep learning-based signal estimation and detection, deep learning-based multiple input multiple output (MIMO) mechanism, It may include AI-based resource scheduling and allocation.

Machine learning may be used for channel estimation and channel tracking, and may be used for power allocation, interference cancellation, and the like in a downlink (DL) physical layer. Machine learning can also be used for antenna selection, power control, symbol detection, and the like in a MIMO system.

However, the application of DNN for transmission in the physical layer may have the following problems.

AI algorithms based on deep learning require a lot of training data to optimize training parameters. However, due to limitations in acquiring data in a specific channel environment as training data, a lot of training data is used offline. This is because static training on training data in a specific channel environment may cause a contradiction between dynamic characteristics and diversity of a radio channel.

In addition, current deep learning mainly targets real signals. However, the signals of the physical layer of wireless communication are complex signals. In order to match the characteristics of a wireless communication signal, further research is needed on a neural network that detects a complex domain signal.

Hereinafter, machine learning will be described in more detail.

Machine learning refers to a set of actions that train a machine to create a machine that can do tasks that humans can or cannot do. Machine learning requires data and a running model. In machine learning, data learning methods can be largely classified into three types: supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.

Neural network training is aimed at minimizing errors in the output. Neural network learning repeatedly inputs training data to the neural network, calculates the output of the neural network for the training data and the error of the target, and backpropagates the error of the neural network from the output layer of the neural network to the input layer in a direction to reduce the error. ) to update the weight of each node in the neural network.

Supervised learning uses training data in which correct answers are labeled in the learning data, and unsupervised learning may not have correct answers labeled in the learning data. That is, for example, learning data in the case of supervised learning related to data classification may be data in which each learning data is labeled with a category. Labeled training data is input to the neural network, and an error may be calculated by comparing the output (category) of the neural network and the label of the training data. The calculated error is back-propagated in a reverse direction (ie, from the output layer to the input layer) in the neural network, and the connection weight of each node of each layer of the neural network may be updated according to the back-propagation. The amount of change in the connection weight of each updated node may be determined according to a learning rate. The neural network's computation of input data and backpropagation of errors can constitute a learning cycle (epoch). The learning rate may be applied differently according to the number of iterations of the learning cycle of the neural network. For example, a high learning rate is used in the early stages of neural network learning to increase efficiency by allowing the neural network to quickly achieve a certain level of performance, and a low learning rate can be used in the late stage to increase accuracy.

The learning method may vary depending on the characteristics of the data. For example, in a case where the purpose of the receiver is to accurately predict data transmitted by the transmitter in a communication system, it is preferable to perform learning using supervised learning rather than unsupervised learning or reinforcement learning.

The learning model corresponds to the human brain, and the most basic linear model can be considered. ) is called

The neural network cord used as a learning method is largely divided into deep neural networks (DNN), convolutional deep neural networks (CNN), and recurrent boltzmann machine (RNN). and this learning model can be applied.

THz(Terahertz) 통신Terahertz (THz) communication

THz communication can be applied in 6G systems. For example, the data transmission rate can be increased by increasing the bandwidth. This can be done using sub-THz communication with wide bandwidth and applying advanced massive MIMO technology.

8 is a diagram showing an electromagnetic spectrum applicable to the present disclosure. As an example, referring to FIG. 8 , THz waves, also known as sub-millimeter radiation, generally represent a frequency band between 0.1 THz and 10 THz with corresponding wavelengths in the range of 0.03 mm-3 mm. The 100 GHz-300 GHz band range (sub THz band) is considered a major part of the THz band for cellular communications. Adding to the sub-THz band mmWave band will increase 6G cellular communications capacity. Among the defined THz bands, 300 GHz-3 THz is in the far infrared (IR) frequency band. The 300 GHz-3 THz band is part of the broad band, but is at the border of the wide band, just behind the RF band. Thus, this 300 GHz - 3 THz band exhibits similarities to RF.

The main characteristics of THz communications include (i) widely available bandwidth to support very high data rates, and (ii) high path loss at high frequencies (highly directional antennas are indispensable). The narrow beamwidth produced by the highly directional antenna reduces interference. The small wavelength of the THz signal allows a much larger number of antenna elements to be incorporated into devices and BSs operating in this band. This enables advanced adaptive array technology to overcome range limitations.

In the following, a beam (spatial phase varying, SPV) that causes a beamformed signal to be uniformly phase-varied according to a position will be described. For example, the transmitter may generate and transmit a beamformed signal. At this time, the phase of the beam transmitting the signal may be constantly changed according to the position of the signal. Hereinafter, a method of generating and controlling a signal whose phase changes in space as described above in radio frequency (RF) and baseband will be described. For example, the beam generated based on the above may be used in spatial multiplexing or beam operation.

9 is a diagram illustrating an orbital angular momentum (OAM)-based signal of an optical signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, an OAM-based signal may use radio waves that move while twisting like a spiral staircase. OAM-based signals can have a plurality of independent eigenmodes set for each signal due to the characteristics of each orbital quantum number (l) that can have innumerable orthogonal states.

For example, OAM-based signals may be distinguished into different signals according to OAM modes for propagation of the same wavelength within the same frequency. Here, the OAM mode signal can increase the amount of data transmission by the number of times the frequency is twisted. As a specific example, when the number of twisted radio waves is up to three times, the amount of data transmission can increase three times. That is, when radio waves support different twist modes and data is transmitted for each twist mode, the amount of transmission may increase based on the twist mode.

OAM can generate signals of these twisted modes mainly using a light source. For example, intensity and phase may be represented as shown in FIG. 9(a) based on a Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode, which is a light amplitude profile based on a Cartesian coordinate system.

As another example, based on the Laguerre Gaussian (LG) mode of the light amplitude profile based on the cylindrical coordinate system, the intensity and upper right corner may be the same as those shown in FIG. For example, in the LG mode, the phase of a specific signal may be changed in a state where the strength is the same, and through this, each mode may be distinguished. As another example, in the LG mode, in a state in which the phases of characteristic signals are the same, intensities may be different, and through this, each mode may be distinguished.

At this time, OAM-based signals may be mainly utilized within a Fresnel domain. For example, in the Fresnel region, it is possible to recognize both the strength of a signal received for data transmission and reception and the angular momentum of the corresponding signal in the areas of the receiver at the time of reception, and thus the OAM mode can be easily distinguished. In the case of generating an OAM signal, the conventional OAM signal could be generated by arranging a phase shift filter in front of a transmission signal source (e.g. laser) and shifting the phase using a time delay that occurs when passing through the filter.

As another example, the OAM signal may be generated based on RF. At this time, the filter may be used even when the generation of the OAM signal is also generated in the RF signal. As another example, the OAM signal may be generated using a phase shifter in consideration of the fact that the OAM signal may be heavily restricted by a filter when generating the OAM signal, and may not be limited to a specific method.

As a specific example, FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a method of generating an OAM signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 10(a), an OAM signal can be generated through four patch antennas. At this time, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), when the length of the radio wave line is adjusted for each antenna to give a phase change of 0 degree and 180 degree, the radiated signal may be the same as FIG. 10 (c).

That is, as described above, a conventional OAM signal could be generated through a phase shift filter in front of a signal source source using light. Here, the OAM signal may be mainly considered for use in the Fresnel domain, and this may be because the characteristics of the generated signal may be maintained when the strength of a certain level or higher is guaranteed.

However, a method of generating an OAM signal in an RF band and performing communication by generating a beam through the OAM signal generation may be considered, and a method for this will be described below.

For example, when OAM signal generation is performed in an RF band, conventionally, the purpose may be mainly to determine the possibility of signal generation itself, and a filter may be used for this purpose. However, since the filter may have limitations considering the RF structure, it is necessary to consider a method of generating an OAM signal in consideration of a phase shifter. For example, the OAM signal may be generated using phase shift characteristics of a unit antenna.

Here, in the case of using the phase shift characteristics of the unit antenna, only the shape of the phase-changing feature can be observed, and a method for distinguishing a signal may be required to operate a beam and use it for communication. Considering the foregoing, a method of generating an OAM signal based on the phase shift characteristics of a unit antenna and operating or utilizing a beam through the OAM signal will be described below.

As an example, the need to generate an OAM signal through RF rather than a signal source utilizing light may be considered. Specifically, path loss may be large in a THz environment such as 6G. In such an extreme path loss environment, smooth communication can be performed by maximizing a beam gain by utilizing a beam. At this time, many antennas may be required to generate a beam and maximize a beam gain. Also, when using a beam, communication may not be performed smoothly in a place where the beam width is narrow and beam alignment is not performed.

As described above, in an extreme path loss environment, a multipath-based communication environment is not possible, and spatial multiplexing may not be performed smoothly. As another example, as the frequency band increases, a line of sight (LOS)-based channel may be mainly used. That is, when signal blockage occurs due to an obstacle, communication may not be performed smoothly. Specifically, when communication is performed in a non-LOS (NLOS) environment, there may be a limit to increasing a rank for signal transmission.

Therefore, in the above situation, an efficient beamforming method and a technique for high data transmission may be required, and by applying the above-described light-based OAM technique to RF, the rank can be increased in signal transmission in a high frequency band to solve the above-mentioned problems. there is. That is, by generating a signal whose phase changes in space, such as OAM, in the RF band, and utilizing this, it is possible to configure efficient beamforming in a high frequency band and transmit data. A specific method for this will be described below.

As an example, a method for generating a signal whose phase changes in space based on an RF antenna in a very high frequency band such as THz will be described below. In addition, a spatial multiplexing mode or beam control mode based on an RF antenna in a very high frequency band such as THz is described.

11 is a diagram illustrating a pair of antennas for generating a beam whose phase changes according to space according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 11, it is possible to grasp a phenomenon when a plurality of antenna pairs exist by utilizing the characteristics of the antenna pairs. Through this, it is possible to consider conditions for determining antenna arrangement and control values for generating a beam whose phase changes according to space.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 11, an antenna pair (ant, ant') may be disposed on an xy plane symmetrical to the origin. That is, the antennas can be arranged on the same plane based on antenna pairs. At this time, the antenna pair is separated from the origin by αλ, and from the x-axis

It can exist in a rotated position as much as possible. Here, signal analysis may be performed based on the signal analysis line as shown in FIG. 11 . For example, the incident signal expj(wt+

) can be incident at any point on the signal analysis line. At this time, w is the carrier frequency,

may mean a phase value of an incident signal. Also, as an example, an incident signal has an equivalence relationship with a radiation signal, and the incident signal is described below for convenience of explanation.

That is, the signal analysis line has an arbitrary direction (

,

) assuming a signal incident at

may be an azimuth angle to the incident angle. also,

May mean a zenith angle with respect to the incident angle. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the signal analysis line a (existing on the x-axis line)

=± 90 degrees

It can mean the characteristics according to the change of . In addition, when the signal analysis line is set to include the antenna pair as in the signal analysis line b

=

In the case of ± 90 degrees

It can mean the characteristics according to the change of . At this time,

and

Why does this 90 degree difference occur?

is the phase relative to the -y axis,

is a phase based on the x-axis, and since the reference axes are different, its value can be considered.

At this time, the phase value of the phase shifter applied to the antenna pair is (

), the synthesized signal is

can be For example, a phase shifter refers to an element when a corresponding function is implemented in an RF stage, but may not be limited thereto. That is, it may be possible to implement a baseband signal processing that performs the same function, and is not limited to a specific embodiment.

At this time, as an example, in order to generate a beam whose phase changes according to space based on the above, the following

conditions

1 and 2 may be considered. For example, condition 1 may be a condition for controlling the antenna pair so that the phase difference between the antenna pair is 180 degrees. In addition, condition 2 is the direction at the position of the antenna (ant) among the signal analysis lines including the antenna pair (

=

+

,

), the phase value of the phase shifter is set at Ф to -

value shifted by (

= expj(Ф -

) may be a condition controlled by

As an example, based on conditions 1 and 2 described above, the case in which the antenna pair (c, c') in FIG. 12(a) exists on the x-axis may be considered. At this time,

= 0,

May be the same as Equation 1 below.

At this time, the phase value of the phase shifter applied to the antenna pair (

) is based on condition 1 and condition 2 (expj(Ф -

), expj(Ф +

) can be derived. where Ф is

It may mean a phase value radiated in a space where is 90 degrees. also,

When is 270 degrees, the phase value radiated in space may be Ф+π. also,

is the distance at which the distance of the antenna pair from the origin is located

It can mean λ. Also, A(

,

) = sqrt(G(

,

)) as G(

,

) is the direction

,

It may mean the gain of the unit antenna in .

Here, as an example, as shown in FIG. 12 (b), the antenna pair (a, a')

If it exists where >0,

May be the same as Equation 2 below.

) is (expj(Ф+

-

), expj(Ф +

+

) can be. Ф is used to generate Equation 1

It can be a value by also,

It can mean λ.

As another example, as shown in FIG. 12 (c), the antenna pair (b, b')

If present where <0,

May be the same as Equation 3 below.

) is (expj(Ф+

-

), expj(Ф+

+

) can be. Here, Ф was used to generate Equation 1

It can be a value by also,

It can mean λ.

As described above,

conditions

3 and 4 may be considered as conditions for generating a beam whose phase changes according to space, condition 3 may be the same as Equation 4 below, and condition 4 may be the same as Equation 5 below. can

In this case, condition 3 based on Equation 4 may be a condition for setting the positions of antenna a and antenna b to have the same value when mapped to the x-axis. In addition, in the case of condition 4 based on Equation 5, the basic phase of the signal may be a condition for generating a constant value Ф between the original propagation signal and the phase value in the target space. As a specific example, in FIG. 12 described above, the x-axis may be Ф, and the -x-axis may be -Ф. The synthesized signal on the signal analysis line according to Equations 1 to 3 from the

above conditions

3 and 4

May be the same as Equation 6 below.

At this time, in Equation 6, the basic phase of the signal is

with +Ф

? denotes the phase of the original signal, and Ф denotes a phase desired to be spatially controlled.

In addition, the signal synthesized from Equation 7 and Equation 8 below

The beam effective range and phase characteristics of the signal of can be inferred. That is, given the antenna placement condition (

,

) and the phase shifter value (

) by G(

,

) + F(

,

) changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive.

At this position, the overall phase can be reversed by 180 degrees. As an example, FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) are diagrams showing that the entire phase is reversed by 180 degrees in consideration of the above case.

More specifically, FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) show G(

,

) + F(

,

) may be a schematic diagram of the size component. For example, in FIG. 13, 0 to

The phase of the signal in the period of

+ Ф can be maintained. At this time, the phase

It can be reversed 180 degrees at the moment of That is, the observed with unit antenna beam gain

From this point of view, the main transmit power of a signal is

, may be an interval. Therefore, at the position where the signal is mainly radiated, the phase of the signal

+ Ф can be maintained.

Referring to FIG. 14, as described above, it may be a method of adding an antenna pair after an antenna pair is set. As an example, in FIG. 14 , a case in which three antenna pairs exist and antenna pairs (d, d′) are added may be considered. At this time, as an example, in order to maintain the above characteristics for the added antenna, the signal reference line is (

,

) can be set based on Here, the signal analysis line (

,

), it is possible to generate a beam whose phase changes in space when the left and right shapes are configured to satisfy the above conditions based on this. More specifically, in FIG. 14, the signal analysis line

,

, it may be the case that the antenna pair (b, b') and (a', a) satisfy the above condition. That is, when the added antennas are referred to as an antenna group, conditions for generating an antenna group may be the same as Conditions 5 to 8 below. For example, condition 5 may be a condition in which antenna groups are added in units of antenna pairs. In addition, condition 6 may be a condition in which a phase value on a signal analysis line is maintained to be constant with respect to a phase value of a phase shifter set by successive antenna pair additions.

For example, in FIG. 14, four antenna pairs are arranged at 45 degree intervals,

= 45 degrees,

= -45 degrees,

= can be set to -90 degrees. At this time, by the added antenna pair (d, d') (

,

) to (Ф+2

, F+2

+ π), the phase on the (b,b') signal analysis line is

, F +

+ π))). Also, the phase on the (c, c') signal analysis line can be maintained to be ((Ф , Ф +π))).

In addition, as an example, condition 7 is that the total phase value change of each phase shifter while traveling around the origin for each antenna after additional antennas (ex: c -> c' -> c) ( It can be set to 2n+1)2π. In this case, n may be an integer. For example, when 4 antenna pairs are equally spaced apart, the phase shifter values of a total of 8 antennas may be sequentially increased by 45 degrees and controlled. In this case, n may be 0.

Also, as an example, condition 8 is that the precoder phase value between two adjacent antennas (eg b and c) is the difference (Δ=

-

) to k|

-

It can be a condition set with |.

where k is an integer,

and

may be a rotation value based on the origin in the xy plane of antennas c and b, respectively. In this case, as an example, a case in which at least one or more of conditions 1 to 8 described above for generating a beam whose spatial phase changes is satisfied may be considered.

As a specific example, a configuration method that satisfies all of conditions 1 to 8 described above may be considered. For example, n = 0 in condition 7 described above and k = 1 in condition 8, but may not be limited to a specific embodiment. Here, referring to FIG. 15 , antenna pairs may be disposed on a unit circle. At this time, phase characteristics and magnitude characteristics of beams generated from antennas composed of 16 antennas (8 antenna pairs) may be the same as those in FIGS. 16(a) and 16(b). At this time, the beam direction is (90 degrees, 0 degrees), and the beam emitted based on the beam direction may have a ring-shaped size characteristic. At this time, it can be seen that the phase is rotated 360 degrees based on the first ring (the strongest power).

That is, based on the above, conditions 1 to 8 may be defined as shown in Table 2 below.

As another example, a case in which only some of conditions 1 to 8 described above is satisfied may be considered. For example, n = 0 in condition 7 described above and k = 1 in condition 8, but may not be limited to a specific embodiment. Here, referring to FIG. 17, an antenna may be disposed on the edge of a square. At this time, phase characteristics and magnitude characteristics of beams generated from antennas composed of 16 antennas (8 antenna pairs) may be as shown in FIGS. 18(a) and 18(b), respectively. At this time, the beam direction is (90 degrees, 0 degrees), and the beam emitted based on the beam direction may have an annular size characteristic. At this time, it can be seen that the phase is rotated 360 degrees based on the first ring (strongest power). However, in FIG. 17 described above, the signal analysis line m' may not satisfy the above-described condition 3, and based on this, an error may occur.

Also, for example, one or more antenna group bundles may be considered in order to maximize beam gain. As described above, in the case of an antenna having a circular outer frame in order to satisfy all conditions 1 to 8, the antenna group bundle may be composed of a plurality of antenna groups having different distances between antenna pairs. For example, referring to FIG. 19, two antenna group bundles may be configured based on the distance of the antenna pair.

As another example, as described above, in the case of an antenna having a square outer frame that satisfies only some of conditions 1 to 8, the antenna group bundle may consist of three as shown in FIG. 20, but is not limited thereto. can

As described above, antennas composed of one or more groups may be operated as one operating unit (e.g. bundle). At this time, conditions 9 to 15 may be considered for the groups in the antenna group bundle as follows. Here, as an example, the antenna group bundle may be configured to satisfy at least one or more of conditions 9 to 15 below.

As a specific example, condition 9 may be a condition in which the centers of one or more groups in a bundle of antenna groups coincide, and the above-described FIGS. 19 and 20 may satisfy condition 9.

Also, condition 10 may be a condition in which each group in the bundle of antenna groups satisfies at least one of condition 1 to condition 8. In addition, condition 11 is a criterion for phase matching between groups in an antenna group bundle.

(=

) is defined,

It may be a condition that matches Ф based on . In addition, condition 12 may be a condition for setting the same n value of condition 7 in order to maximize beam gain between groups in a bundle. In addition, condition 13 may be a condition for setting the same value of k in condition 8 to maximize beam gain between groups within a bundle of antenna groups.

Also, as an example, condition 14 is that there is one or more antenna groups in the antenna group bundle and

<

If

≤

may be a condition that satisfies here,

Means the length of the shell frame of the nth group belonging to the antenna group bundle,

may mean the number of antenna pairs of the n-th group. Also, as an example, condition 15 may be a condition for a plurality of groups to direct the same beam direction in operating the beam direction in a bundle unit. As an example, a phase shifter value connected to an arbitrary antenna k included in the antenna group bundle (

), the phase value satisfying conditions 1 to 14 described above is

In order to satisfy Condition 15, Equation 9 below may be considered.

here,

may be a phase value for beam direction switching. For example,

may be a value applied based on a steering vector, and may be determined based on Equation 10 below.

here

and

May mean the azimuth and elevation of the beam to be directed, respectively. also,

,

and

May mean the (x, y, z) position of the spatial coordinates where the antenna k is located.

Based on the above, conditions 9 to 15 described above may fall with Table 3 below.

In addition, for example, a plurality of antenna groups may be used to direct different beam directions to secure spatial coverage or to support a spatial multiplexing mode by directing in the same direction. In this case, a case in which at least one of conditions 16 to 23 below is satisfied may be considered in order to efficiently operate the beam. For example, condition 16 is a criterion between each antenna group bundle to secure spatial coverage.

(=

) may be a condition that matches. In addition, condition 17 may be a condition for directing beam directions between bundles differently from each other in order to secure spatial coverage.

Also, condition 18 may be a condition for matching the centers (original points) of antenna group bundles for the spatial multiplexing mode. In addition, condition 19 is when there are multiple bundles for spatial multiplexing mode.

>

may be a condition that satisfies here

May mean the length of the shell frame for an arbitrary group belonging to the m-th group.

In addition, condition 20 is when a plurality of bundles exist for spatial multiplexing mode and condition 19 is satisfied,

≤

may be a condition that satisfies here

and

May mean the number of groups of bundles present on the outside and the number of groups of bundles present on the inside, respectively.

Also, condition 21 may be a condition in which different values of k of condition 8 are used between antenna group bundles for spatial multiplexing mode.

In addition, condition 22 is in condition 11 for spatial multiplexing mode.

It may be a condition considering offset ∈ {0 degree, 90 degree, 180 degree, 270 degree} for each antenna group bundle. Also, condition 23 may be a condition in which different values of n of condition 7 are used between antenna group bundles for spatial multiplexing mode.

Based on the above, conditions 16 to 23 may be as shown in Table 4 below.

That is, based on the above-mentioned conditions, it is possible to secure spatial coverage by directing different beam directions by utilizing a plurality of antenna groups or to support spatial multiplexing mode by directing in the same direction.

For example, referring to FIG. 21, it may be an antenna structure composed of two bundles to secure space coverage. At this time, in FIG. 21, it is illustrated that the centers of the bundles of antenna groups are separated from each other, but it may be considered that the centers coincide. Here, each bundle composed of two antenna groups can direct different beam directions in actual operation (see condition 17), and through this, space coverage can be secured.

Also, as an example, FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating an antenna structure constituting two antenna group bundles to support spatial multimode. Referring to FIG. 22, the number of antenna groups of an antenna group bundle existing inside is two (antenna group 1 and antenna group 2), and the number of antenna groups of an antenna group bundle existing outside is one (antenna group 3). can In this case, the number of antenna elements for each antenna group bundle may be 16 and 20, respectively. In addition, as an example, of antenna group bundle 2

of antenna group bundle 1 with respect to

A contrast offset of 90 may also exist, but may not be limited thereto.

As an example, FIG. 23 may show a method of operating a beam in an RF structure based on the foregoing. Here, when antenna group bundle 1 and antenna group bundle 2 exist, each antenna group bundle may consist of one antenna group. Here, according to condition 18 described above, the origins between the two groups can be configured identically. In this structure, when operating in the spatial multiplexing mode according to the MIMO mode determined by the baseband signal generator, it can be controlled by conditions 18 to 23 described above.

As another example, when operating in the space coverage securing mode, conditions 16 and 17 described above may be satisfied. At this time, the control within the basic antenna group may satisfy conditions 1 to 15. For example, in the case of direct modulation in FIG. 23, the 'modulation high part' may be omitted.

Also, as an example, 24 may be a modulator free RF system structure. Here, the input data may be subjected to symbol mapping after performing codeword to layer mapping according to the MIMO mode. In addition, the controller of the antenna group bundle may be configured as shown in FIG. 23. For example, when the phases of a plurality of antennas corresponding to each antenna group are determined, conditions 1 to 22 described above may be applied. In addition, the antenna element driving unit may determine a control value for each actual antenna element. At this time, the phase shifter in FIGS. 23 and 24 is logically divided to distinguish antenna group bundles, and can be operated organically according to antenna group bundles in beam operation and signal transmission in actual operation. And, it is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

That is, through the above, an antenna having a structure capable of generating an SPV beam and an operating method may be provided. For example, the above-described structure and operation method may be configured for both a base station and a terminal. In addition, as an example, a transmission/reception technique that can be processed using an antenna of a corresponding structure may also be different from an existing technique. Accordingly, the terminal may provide the configuration information of the corresponding antenna to the base station as UE capability information. As another example, the base station may signal antenna configuration information to the terminal and perform communication based thereon, but is not limited to the above-described embodiment.

25 is a diagram illustrating a method for a terminal to transmit a signal in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 25, the terminal may generate a transmission signal based on the RF antenna (S2510) and transmit data to the base station based on the transmission signal (S2520). At this time, for example, the above description in FIGS. 1 to 24 As described above, the transmission signal may be generated as a signal whose phase changes in space. For example, a signal whose phase changes in space may increase transmission amount based on different modes in the same frequency band, and based on this, spatial multiplexing and beamforming techniques may be performed, as described above. At this time, at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna in the terminal may be arranged to generate a signal whose phase changes in space, which may be the same as conditions 1 to 8 described above. More specifically, at least one or more antennas may be arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees, which is the same as condition 1 described above. Also, for example, a phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase in which a transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of at least one antenna pair, which may be the same as condition 2 described above.

Also, as an example, a signal analysis line may be generated based on an azimuth and a zenith angle according to positions of two antennas in an antenna pair. In this case, each of at least one or more antenna pairs in the RF antenna may be located at an x-axis or a point rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to the x-axis. As a specific example, the same as the value obtained by mapping the first antenna pair rotated by a first angle to the x-axis as a predetermined angle with respect to the x-axis and the value obtained by mapping the second antenna pair rotated by a second angle to the x-axis Positions for each of the first antenna pair and the second antenna pair may be determined to be set, which may be the same as Condition 3 and Equation 3 described above.

Also, as an example, the first phase value of the first phase shifter applied to the first antenna pair and the second phase value of the second phase shifter applied to the second antenna pair have a constant radiation phase from which the transmission signal is radiated. It may be controlled to be set to a value that maintains the value, which may be the same as Condition 4 and Equation 4 described above.

As another example, a case in which an antenna is additionally disposed within an RF antenna of a terminal may be considered. At this time, since the signal transmitted by the terminal is a signal whose phase changes in space, it may be necessary to arrange an antenna considering this. Considering the above points, antennas may be added in units of antenna pairs, which may be the same as Condition 5.

In addition, as an example, the phase value of the phase shifter set by the added antenna pair may be set to a value that keeps the phase value on the signal analysis line of the added antenna pair constant, which is consistent with condition 6 can be the same

In addition, as an example, after the antenna pair is added, the total phase value change amount of the phase shifter for each of at least one antenna in the RF antenna may be set to (2n + 1) 2π, which may be the same as condition 7 described above. there is. In addition, as an example, the precoder phase value difference between two adjacent antennas in the RF antenna may be set to an integer multiple of the difference between the values rotated about the origin in the xy plane for each of the two antennas, which is described above. Condition 8 may be the same. That is, when the antennas are disposed within the RF antenna in the terminal while satisfying the above-described condition, the terminal can generate a signal whose phase changes in space, and perform spatial multiplexing and beamforming through the generated signal, , which is as described above.

26 is a diagram illustrating a method for a base station to transmit a signal in a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Referring to FIG. 26, the base station may generate a transmission signal based on the RF antenna (S2610) and transmit data to the terminal based on the transmission signal (S2620). At this time, for example, in FIGS. 1 to 24 As described above, the transmission signal may be generated as a signal whose phase changes in space. For example, a signal whose phase changes in space may increase transmission amount based on different modes in the same frequency band, and based on this, spatial multiplexing and beamforming techniques may be performed, as described above. At this time, at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna in the base station may be arranged to generate a signal whose phase changes in space, which may be the same as conditions 1 to 8 described above. More specifically, at least one or more antennas may be arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees, which is the same as condition 1 described above. Also, for example, a phase value of the phase shifter may be determined based on a radiation phase in which a transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of at least one antenna pair, which may be the same as condition 2 described above.

As another example, a case in which an antenna is additionally disposed within an RF antenna of a base station may be considered. At this time, since the signal transmitted by the base station is a signal whose phase changes in space, it may be necessary to arrange an antenna considering this. Considering the above points, antennas may be added in units of antenna pairs, which may be the same as Condition 5.

In addition, as an example, after the antenna pair is added, the total phase value change amount of the phase shifter for each of at least one antenna in the RF antenna may be set to (2n + 1) 2π, which may be the same as condition 7 described above. there is. In addition, as an example, the precoder phase value difference between two adjacent antennas in the RF antenna may be set to an integer multiple of the difference between the values rotated about the origin in the xy plane for each of the two antennas, which is described above. Condition 8 may be the same. That is, when the antennas are disposed within the RF antenna in the base station while satisfying the above conditions, the base station can generate a signal whose phase changes in space, and perform spatial multiplexing and beamforming through the generated signal, , which is as described above.

It is obvious that examples of the proposed schemes described above may also be included as one of the implementation methods of the present disclosure, and thus may be regarded as a kind of proposed schemes. In addition, the above-described proposed schemes may be implemented independently, but may also be implemented in a combination (or merged) form of some proposed schemes. Information on whether the proposed methods are applied (or information on the rules of the proposed methods) may be defined so that the base station informs the terminal through a predefined signal (eg, a physical layer signal or a higher layer signal). there is.

The present disclosure may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the technical ideas and essential characteristics described in the present disclosure. Accordingly, the above detailed description should not be construed as limiting in all respects and should be considered illustrative. The scope of the present disclosure should be determined by reasonable interpretation of the appended claims, and all changes within the equivalent range of the present disclosure are included in the scope of the present disclosure. In addition, claims that do not have an explicit citation relationship in the claims may be combined to form an embodiment or may be included as new claims by amendment after filing.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various wireless access systems. As an example of various wireless access systems, there is a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) or 3GPP2 system.

Embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied not only to the various wireless access systems, but also to all technical fields to which the various wireless access systems are applied. Furthermore, the proposed method can be applied to mmWave and THz communication systems using ultra-high frequency bands.

Additionally, embodiments of the present disclosure may be applied to various applications such as free-running vehicles and drones.

Claims

In a method for transmitting a signal by a terminal in a wireless communication system,

Generating, by the terminal, a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna; and

Transmitting data to a base station based on the transmission signal; including,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

A signal transmission method of a terminal, wherein a phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase in which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.
According to claim 1,

The signal analysis line is generated based on an azimuth and a zenith angle according to the positions of the two antennas in the antenna pair.
According to claim 2,

Each of the at least one antenna pair in the RF antenna is located at a point rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to a reference axis,

The value obtained by mapping the first antenna pair rotated by a first angle to the reference axis is set to be the same as the value obtained by mapping the second antenna pair rotated by a second angle to the reference axis. A method of transmitting a signal of a terminal in which positions for each of the two antenna pairs are determined.
According to claim 3,

The reference axis is the x-axis, the signal transmission method of the terminal.
According to claim 1,

As for the first phase value of the first phase shifter applied to the first antenna pair and the second phase value of the second phase shifter applied to the second antenna pair, the radiation phase from which the transmission signal is radiated maintains a constant value. A signal transmission method of a terminal, which is set to a value of
According to claim 1,

When an antenna is additionally disposed within the RF antenna, the antenna is added in units of antenna pairs to generate a signal whose phase changes in the space.
According to claim 6,

The phase value of the phase shifter set by the added antenna pair is set to a value that keeps the phase value on the signal analysis line of the added antenna pair constant.
According to claim 7,

The total phase value change amount of the phase shifter for each of the at least one antenna in the RF antenna is set to (2n + 1) 2 π, and n is an integer.
According to claim 7,

The difference in precoder phase values between two adjacent antennas in the RF antenna is set to an integer multiple of the difference in values rotated about the origin for each of the two antennas.
In the method of operating a base station in a wireless communication system,

Generating, by the base station, a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna; and

Transmitting data to a terminal based on the transmission signal; including,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

A signal transmission method of a base station, wherein a phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase in which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.
According to claim 10,

The signal analysis line is generated based on an azimuth and a zenith angle according to the positions of the two antennas in the antenna pair.
According to claim 11,

Each of the at least one antenna pair in the RF antenna is located at a point rotated by a predetermined angle with respect to a reference axis,

The value obtained by mapping the first antenna pair rotated by a first angle to the reference axis is set to be the same as the value obtained by mapping the second antenna pair rotated by a second angle to the reference axis. A method of transmitting a signal of a base station, wherein a position for each of two antenna pairs is determined.
According to claim 12,

The reference axis is an x-axis, a signal transmission method of a base station.
According to claim 10,

As for the first phase value of the first phase shifter applied to the first antenna pair and the second phase value of the second phase shifter applied to the second antenna pair, the radiation phase from which the transmission signal is radiated maintains a constant value. A signal transmission method of a base station, which is set to a value of
According to claim 10,

When an antenna is additionally disposed within the RF antenna, the antenna is added in units of antenna pairs to generate a signal whose phase changes in the space.
According to claim 15,

The phase value of the phase shifter set by the added antenna pair is set to a value that keeps the phase value on the signal analysis line of the added antenna pair constant.
17. The method of claim 16,

The total phase value change amount of the phase shifter for each of the at least one antenna in the RF antenna is set to (2n + 1) 2 π, and n is an integer.
17. The method of claim 16,

The precoder phase value difference between two adjacent antennas in the RF antenna is set to an integer multiple of the difference between values rotated about the origin for each of the two antennas.
In the terminal of the wireless communication system,

transceiver; and

A processor connected to the transceiver;

the processor,

Generate a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna,

Transmitting data to a base station through the transceiver based on the transmission signal,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

A phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase from which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.
In a base station of a wireless communication system,

transceiver; and

A processor connected to the transceiver;

the processor,

Generate a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna,

Transmitting data to a terminal through the transceiver based on the transmission signal,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

The base station, wherein a phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase from which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.
An apparatus comprising at least one memory and at least one processor functionally connected to the at least one memory, comprising:

The at least one processor is the device,

Control to generate a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna and transmit data based on the transmission signal,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

A phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase in which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.
In a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing at least one instruction,

comprising the at least one instruction executable by a processor;

The at least one command,

Control the device to generate a transmission signal based on a radio frequency (RF) antenna and transmit data based on the transmission signal,

The transmission signal is generated as a signal whose phase changes in space based on the arrangement of at least one or more antennas in the RF antenna,

The at least one or more antennas are arranged based on at least one antenna pair consisting of two antennas having a phase difference of 180 degrees,

A phase value of a phase shifter is determined based on a radiation phase in which the transmission signal is radiated according to a signal analysis line for each of the at least one or more antenna pairs.