WO2023007254A1

WO2023007254A1 - Spot control of onion temperature in floating solar greenhouses by tec

Info

Publication number: WO2023007254A1
Application number: PCT/IB2022/051966
Authority: WO
Inventors: Amir mohammad ESMAEILI
Original assignee: Esmaeili Amir Mohammad
Priority date: 2022-03-06
Filing date: 2022-03-06
Publication date: 2023-02-02

Abstract

This invention related to the TEC method for providing the point control mechanism for the bulb temperature of plants in a floating solar greenhouse. TEC regulates the temperature of bulbs and roots of plants growing in soil or cocopeat beds by heat exchange between the bed and the flowing fluid. It is composed of a two-layer convex glass roof with a solar coil, greenhouse floor, air balloon, neuromotor/coaxial generator/pump, sensors and controllers, thermoelectric heat transfer devices (TEC) and the fins. the cooling element, performs the technique of managing the spot temperature of the bulb and the roots of plants in the greenhouse.

Description

Spot control of onion temperature in floating solar greenhouses by TEC

Devices for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like (A01G 9/24)- Greenhouse (A01G 9/14)

BUILDING SYSTEM FOR CASCADING FLOWS OF MATTER AND ENERGY

United States Patent Application 20150053366

It is possible within a bounded system, through manipulation of the built environment using novel combinations of technology, overall system design, and process cycle management, to moderate increases in system entropy for both energy and matter with a structurally coupled external environment.

One example embodiment forms an engineered ecosystem, moderating eight primary systems—thermal management, atmospheric optimization, radiation controls, hydrological systems, energy systems, material flows, systems management, and building systems—to provide homeostatic regulation of cascading flows of matter and energy. Ideally, the system's symbiotic processes work through reciprocity and devolved autonomy to form the unity of the system that balances resource use, reduces transport requirements, shortens cycles of water, minerals, and residual flows, and offers storage of surplus and reserves.

This system enables a stable passive design where in consideration of bounded inputs and outputs, the outputs never exceed inputs.

Method for planting edible mushrooms by using intelligent three-control photovoltaic greenhouse

The invention relates to a method for planting edible mushrooms and particularly relates to a method for planting edible mushrooms by using an intelligent three-control photo voltaic greenhouse. The method is characterized in that parameters including temperature, humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration in the photovoltaic greenhouse are controlled; the temperature in the photovoltaic greenhouse in a whole planting period of the edible mushrooms keeps at 25 DEG C; the carbon dioxide concentration is controlled to be lower than 5000PPM; the humidity in an edible mushroom mycelium growth period keeps 60%-70% and the humidity in a sporocarp growth period keeps 85%-90%. The method for planting the edible mushrooms by using the intelligent three-control photo voltaic greenhouse has the advantages that (1) the high-quality edible mushrooms can be produced all the year round; (2) the parameters in the whole growth period of the edible mushrooms are strictly controlled; the temperature, the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration are limited in a floating range of a parameter setting value by a feedback mechanism, to strictly guarantee the quality of the produced edible mushrooms; (3) power utilization problems of various types of equipment can be solved by the power generation of solar cell modules so that the cost is reduced.

Global cooling buoyant composition with methods of use

A buoyant reflective composition is provided having hollow silicon dioxide glass microspheres with sizes from 500-650 nanometers, a 400 nm air inclusion bubble, and being within a range of 1%- 98% by weight, of nominally 23%. Food-grade Ti02 particles are included between 0%-10% by weight of the total. An aliphatic component mixture having C 16 or C 18 aliphatic alcohol with slightly water-soluble C16 or C18 aliphatic carboxylic acid is included, having a total composition buoyancy in water at a density of less than about 1.0 g/cm3. The C16 or C18 aliphatic carboxylic acid is 0%-10% by weight. The Ti02 content is 0%- 5% by weight. The composition may have up to 5 % by weight iron oxide as Fe2+, Fe3+, or both. Also provided are methods of cooling an environment, including providing a substrate; and applying an effective amount of a preselected buoyant reflective coating to the substrate.

Floating plant cultivation platform and method for growing terrestrial plants in saline water of various salinities for multiple purposes

The cultivation of terrestrial plants in brackish water or seawater is carried out with this invention. A lightweight, floating growth medium package (FGMP) or, alternatively, a sheet of a suitable material is used to support the growth of terrestrial plants floating on water bodies of various salinity, including 100 % seawater in marine environments. The FGMP units can be linked together and confined in a floating, rigid or flexible framework to form a floating seawater cultivation platform (FSCP). Using the method, plants were able to grow and thrive on the FSCP floating on 100 % seawater in a sustainable manner. Halophytic akulikuli (Sesuvium portulacastrum L.) can regenerate its shoot and root in seawater. Thus, the discovery will enable us to practice marine agriculture or agriculture on the sea. The FSCP can be used for a wide range of purposes, from environmental protection to landscaping to crop production.

Methods and systems for large scale carbon dioxide utilization from Lake Kivu via a CO2 industrial utilization hub integrated with electric power production and optional cryo-energy storage

Lake Kivu contains ˜50 million tonnes (MT) dissolved biomethane. Efficient use is problematic from massive associated CO2: ˜600 MT. Conventional extraction scrubs CO2 with ˜50% overall CH4 loss, and returns ˜80% CO2 into the deep lake, preserving a catastrophe hazard threatening >2 M people. Methods and systems are disclosed coupling: (1) efficient CH4+CO2 degassing; (2) optional oxyfuel power generation and CO2 power cycle technologies; and (3) CO2 capture, processing, storage, and use in a utilization hub. The invention optimally allows power production with >2× improved efficiency plus cryo-energy storage and large-scale Greentech industrialization. CO2-utilizing products can include: Mg-cements/building materials, algal products/biofuels, urea, bioplastics, and recycled materials, plus CO2 for greenhouse agriculture, CO2-EOR/CCS, off-grid cooling, fumigants, solvents, carbonation, packaging, ores-, biomass-, and agro-processing, cold pasteurization, frack and geothermal fluids, and inputs to produce methanol, DME, CO, syngas, formic acid, bicarbonate, and other Greentech chemicals, fuels, fertilizers, and carbon products.

Bulb plants are cultivars and propagators not just by seeds but also via their subterranean organs (such as bulbs or tubers); therefore, temperature regulation is critical for bulbs. Spot control of plant bulb temperature in a floating solar greenhouse invented by TEC is a breakthrough in greenhouse agriculture, particularly with the capacity to adjust root temperature and plant bulb temperature, which eliminates the region and season exclusivity issue. In this innovation, in addition to managing the temperature of the greenhouse area with renewable energy conversions, the root and bulb temperatures may be precisely chilled or heated by the TEC cooling element to obtain the greatest and most suitable efficiency. Furthermore, the poor efficiency of the cooling element has been overcome by its heat exchange with flowing water under the greenhouse, and the energy supply issue has been solved by converting fluid energy and solar heat.

Greenhouse climate control may cost as much as 40% of the product's price. Most warm-season plants can withstand temperatures ranging from 17 to 27 degrees Fahrenheit as long as the coldest temperature is more than 10 degrees and the maximum temperature is less than 35 degrees. The following variables need the control of the greenhouse climate: The expense of greenhouse climate control might be as much as 40% of the product's cost. Most warm-season plants can withstand temperatures ranging from 17 to 27 degrees Fahrenheit as long as the coldest temperature is more than 10 degrees and the maximum temperature is less than 35 degrees. The temperature may be controlled when the typical maximum temperature is less than 27 degrees, generally natural ventilation. It may be required to employ cooling equipment if the average maximum temperature exceeds 27 or 28 degrees. As a result, the temperature in the greenhouse should never exceed 30 or 35 degrees.

Bulb plants are grown and spread by seed and subterranean organs (such as tubers). Bulb plants are known for their attractive blooms, which are frequently big and come in a range of hues. Their bulb, a subterranean organ, is used to nurture and propagate these plants. Bulb plants are classified into four groups based on their blooming timing. These plants should be planted in distinct seasons, one season later than their blossoming season. Most bulbs may be removed at rest, dried, and stored out of the ground (in a cold, dry environment) for many months before being transferred to another location. Each bulb plant has a rest phase that begins when the leaves start to yellow and wilt, and it is vital to stop watering until the bulb plant is completely dry progressively. After the leaves have dried entirely, the primary bulb is left without sustenance, necessitating a rest time to develop subsidiary bulbs.

The necessity to manage the precise temperature of time and production volume will be independent of outside temperature due to the extreme sensitivity of the roots and bulbs of certain plants cultivated in greenhouses. Furthermore, it will remove exclusivity in a particular field, alleviating the threat of extinction. In our innovation, we have attempted to manage the intensity of radiation and the temperature of plant roots by exchanging heat with water in floating greenhouses that are self-sufficient in energy.

Solution of problem

The following appearance and components have been employed in the above innovation because it has attempted to address several problems, including managing the temperature of the plant's root and bulb, as well as supplying energy and freshwater consumption: Its appearance is meant to resemble eggs as much as possible to provide the least resistance to wind and more energy. The floor (1) may be lightweight, durable plastic or composite carbon fiber and soil or coco peat to support plant roots. The temperature of the cooling components of TEC (4) is regulated by controlled water circulation, and main pipes (2) and middle pipes (5) are set at the height of approximately 30 cm from the floor. The notable element about TEC is that it is possible to heat in the other way by reversing the direction of the voltage. Because lateral heat transmission on the cooling element's surface is critical, the cooling element's surface is circulated with desalinated water. Controlling the intensity of water flow (3) helps the optimum performance by analyzing the temperature data associated with opening and shutting the valve. The motor/pump combination will conduct heat exchange and fluid circulation (6). Above the floor is a double-walled glass roof (9) that, in addition to offering excellent resistance to wind and atmospheric forces, incorporates a solar absorption coil. Because the products created or conserved in this manner are rather costly, the absence of sunshine in some places may be compensated by installing artificial radiators (12) of the LED type. These radiators (12) will be installed using horizontal bases (10) and vertical bases for height maintenance (11) at a distance of about one meter from the plant, which may be adjusted based on the amount of radiation required and the kind of radiator (12). Suspending this set on the water is accomplished by using air balloons linked in a set (13) that, in addition to preserving its unique float, also transports water to the engine/pump set (6). A fin (7) may be seen above the ceiling and at the end, which holds the rechargeable battery (14). The fins (7), which help in directing airflow when the wind blows, shift the greenhouse's center of gravity to the rear owing to the battery's weight (14). Two wind generators (8) are mounted on the fin (7), which produce part of the needed electrical energy when the breeze blows. Another source of electrical energy is the flow of water, which means that when the water passes through the turbine blades (15), which are fitted with a magnetic tip (16), an electric current is formed (17). Instead of producing power while the water is stagnant, they may move it beneath the greenhouse to receive the heat exchange more advantageously. Clamps (20) and screws (19) are utilized to secure the intermediate pieces (18). Water permeability is reduced by using permanent magnets (16) outside the magnets.

As previously described, generators (8) were used to produce power from wind currents. These generators capture wind with the use of blades (21). Instead of being restrained in the center, these vanes (21) are restrained from the perimeter, which means that the bearing (24) is positioned in the distance, and the stored electrical current is generated by spinning permanent magnets (92) between the coils (22) by pins (23) that are fastened in place.

Most energy exchanges occur in an engine, generator, pump, or heat exchanger (6). As a result, it has a large number of moving components. Indeed, several air motors with empty centers produce mechanical driving power acquired by increasing the volume of heated air. This set includes an unfinished cone with a hollow cone in its middle. Instead of a rectangular rectangle, this hollow cone is intended for heat exchange between water pipes (93) and moving blades (26) to maximize capacity. It is linked to the wall through springs (27). The springs (27) are built within the rotor (25). This rotor delivers rotational force between actuators and is roller-protected to prevent wear (30). The biggest section has an engine that propels the blades and departs (32) when compressed air reaches the bottleneck region from the passage (31) to the cylinder (28) in the bottleneck area (29). The retainers (42) provide force to the magnets (41) during movement and create electricity by rotating the magnets (41) between the coils (40) kept in place by the bases (39). We have a cold air compressor on a smaller surface that uses some of its energy pumping cold air into the solar coil. It sucks sea air from the inlet (33) and directs it to the outlet (34). Due to the narrower dimensions, this air will have a lower volume and greater pressure than the air within the coil. At the base, we'll have a water pump that draws water from the input (35) and injects it into the outlet (36) through an electric clutch fitted with a coil (38) and a metal plate (37) when water circulation or filtration is required. If desalination is required, the resultant water may be desalinated using reverse osmosis filters and kept in an expansion tank to account for possible shrinkage.

Water flows via the middle pipes (5) are regulated by solenoid valves (3) that have been built explicitly for this use. Sensors detect the temperature of the water traveling through this segment (65). Due to the dual application of raising or reducing the root temperature, which results in a reverse temperature process in the moving water, this temperature measurement results in the gate opening or half-closing (58). Temperature measurements will be incorrect in total closure due to water stagnation. The electric motor will begin to spin to open. When the electricity reaches the pressure relief springs (50) on the conductive coals (51) located in the insulation chamber (49), the collector (48) delivers the electricity to the coils (45), and due to the force applied to the permanent magnets (44), it rotates around an axis (47) held in place by a bush (46). The rotation of the shaft (47) powers the solar gear (54), and the fixed planetary gear (55) sends the rotational force to the rim gear through the bases (94) linked to the body of the electromotor (52). The helical axis (57), which is linked to the moveable ring (53) by an intermediate (52), self-rotates the slider (60), lowering or increasing the flow of fluid via the port, allowing for ideal water and heat exchange between the middle pipes. The slider (60) that travels down the rail (59) is fitted with a magnet (61) that, when positioned in front of the magnetic sensors (62) and (63), determines the slider's extreme movement points. A felt bowl (56) is provided to prevent water penetration, and a connector (64) is intended for electronic connection to the control equipment.

At the stem's end, a temperature sensor (72) and a hygrometer (71) were employed to regulate the two critical parameters of temperature and humidity in the bulb (74) and roots (75) of the plants in issue (67). The heat transfer element (69) will exchange hot or cold water inside the pipe (5) with a metal radiator (70), therefore altering the surrounding soil's temperature (95). If the humidity level drops, the solenoid valve (73) will open for a brief duration, restoring the appropriate amount of humidity to the area. When there is no or insufficient radiation on the surface of the petals, the radiators (12) light up to compensate.

A thin air pump input pipe (80) and coil pipes (96) with a thick outlet pipe (79) is situated between two levels of convex glass roof to make up the wide solar absorption coil (78). The glass ceiling of the entry door(76) allows for airflow or passage in front, while the windows(77) allow for circulation. A cable(82) and a hook connected to the float(92), which is linked to the hook contained in a concrete foundation, were utilized to keep this floating greenhouse(81) in place (85). This concrete junction (85) is installed in the hard layer (84) that typically exists under the soft bed (83).

A primary electronic processor (86), an information display (87), command transmission connections (88) and (89), operational amplifiers (90), and a Bluetooth information exchange module are considered for appropriate management of this system.

Advantage effects of invention

Use of TEC method due to the ability to reduce or increase and control by the individual

Ease of root temperature control

The cost-effectiveness of the method is lower than the total soil temperature

Relatively low energy consumption and no dependence on the environment

Growing a variety of plants in other parts of the world

Utilizing the movement of different fluids to produce energy

Use of seawater and its purification by pumping and desalination filters

Temperature adjustment by heat exchange with subsurface water is one of the cheapest ways to reduce or increase the temperature

This device and method of growing plants out of season and place makes it possible with the cheapest method

: Horizontal cut close to the surface

: Side view of the device

: Several perspective views to better visualize the appearance

: Generator/water turbine installed in front of the pump motor housing

: Wind generator components

: Lateral cut at the top of the plate and surface cut at the bottom of the motor housing/generator/pumps

: Solenoid and side sensors control the intensity of water passage in two modes open at the top and closed at the bottom

: View of a saffron plant and how and where the components are located next to it

: Solar coil from two views

: Connections and schematics of placement on water and the direction of movement of fluids around it

: Schematic of the proposed electronic control board

: 1. The floor 2. Main pipes 3. The intensity of water flow 4. The cooling components of TEC 5. Middle pipes 6. Fluid circulation

: 2. Main pipes 7. A fin 8. Wind generators 9. A double-walled glass roof 10. Horizontal bases 11. Height maintenance 12. Artificial radiators 13. Air balloons linked in a set 14. The battery's weight

: Several perspective views to better visualize the appearance

: 6. Fluid circulation 15. The turbine blades 16. A magnetic tip 17. An electric current is formed 18. The intermediate pieces 19. Screws 20. Clamps

: 21. Vanes 22. The coils 23. Pins 24. The bearing 92. Spinning permanent magnets

: 15. The turbine blades 16. A magnetic tip 17. An electric current is formed 18. The intermediate pieces 19. Screws 20. Clamps 25. The rotor 26. Blades 27. The springs 28. The cylinder 29. The bottleneck area 30. Roller-protected to prevent wear 31. The passage 32. Eparts 33. The inlet 34. The outlet 35. The input 36. The outlet 37. A metal plate 38. A coil 39. The bases 40. The coils 41. The magnets 42. The retainer 93. Water pipes

: 44. The permanent magnets 45. The coils 46. A bush 47. The shaft 48. The collector 49. The insulation chamber 50. The pressure relief springs 51. The conductive coals 52. An intermediate 53. The moveable ring 54. The solar gear 55. The fixed planetary gear 56. A felt bowl 57. The helical axis 58. The gate opening/half-closing 59. The rail 60. The slider 61. A magnet 62.63. The magnetic sensors 64. A connector 65. Segment

: 10. Horizontal bases 11. Height maintenance 12. Artificial radiators 67. The plants in issue 69. The heat transfer element 70. A metal radiator 71. A hygrometer 72. A temperature sensor 73. The solenoid valve 74. The bulb 75. Roots 95. The surrounding soil's temperature

: 76. The entry door 77. The windows 78. The wide solar absorption coil 79. Outlet pipe 80. Input pipe 96. Coil pipes

: 81. Floating greenhouse 82. A cable 83. The soft bed 84. The hard layer 85. Concrete junction 92. The float

: 65. Segment 81. Floating greenhouse 82. A cable 83. The soft bed 84. The hard layer 85. Concrete junction 86. A primary electronic processor 87. An information displays 88.89. Command transmission connections 90. Operational amplifiers

Examples

For execution after construction and installation of the floor layer by molding and assembly of pipes and nozzles and mechatronic controllers of the bases and then radiators will be installed on it. In the next step, the pumps/motors/generators that are made in the foundry and turning workshop and the coils that are produced in the winding centers of the electric motor are assembled and installed in place after testing. The coil, which is the result of a bending process in absorbent tubes with a specific pattern, is placed on a glass roof and a set of inflatable balloons is installed under the structure. Controlling the movement of the structure with a suitable cable and calibrating the greenhouse is ready for planting.

The most common application of this invention is in the field of commercial cultivation of relatively expensive plants that require a special temperature/humidity substrate. However, laboratory applications and reproduction of endangered species in this greenhouse are not far from conceivable.

Claims

TEC provides the point control mechanism for the bulb temperature of plants in a floating solar greenhouse. TEC regulates the temperature of bulbs and roots of plants growing in soil or coco peat beds by heat exchange between the bed and the flowing fluid. It is composed of the following major components:
Two-layer convex glass roof with a solar coil

Greenhouse floor, which comprises mechanical and electrical installations as well as culture medium

Air balloon collection to ensure correct buoyancy

Neuromotor / coaxial generator / pump

Sensors and controllers, as well as electronic processors and emitters

Thermoelectric heat transfer devices (TEC) that conduct heat or cold from the bed to the water pipes

The fins direct airflow and include wind turbines and rechargeable batteries
According to Claim 1, the cooling element, performs the technique of managing the spot temperature of the bulb and the roots of plants in the greenhouse.
According to Claim 2, the electronic board controls the mechanism by which heat/cold is transferred from the fluid to substrate through the cooling element (TEC).
According to Claim 1, a set of power transmissions from the air motor to the air pump, water pump, and coaxial generator are optionally accessible. These transmissions are circulated by the heat created by the pleasant energy in the coil.
According to Claim 1, a convex double-layer glass roof has the capability of placing a coil to absorb solar heat in floating greenhouses.
According to Claim1, in each line of the greenhouse's middle pipes, heat transmission by water suitable for root irrigation is done selectively.
According to Claim 1, the fin on floating greenhouse wind turbines, is responsible for airflow and direction.
According to Claim 1, an isolated generator linked under the water surface in a floating greenhouse provides full or complementary power.
According to Claim 1, states that the technique of enhancing wind stability is accomplished by altering the look of the body-egg-shaped floating greenhouse.