WO2023005759A1 - 扬声器及电子设备 - Google Patents

扬声器及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005759A1
WO2023005759A1 PCT/CN2022/106700 CN2022106700W WO2023005759A1 WO 2023005759 A1 WO2023005759 A1 WO 2023005759A1 CN 2022106700 W CN2022106700 W CN 2022106700W WO 2023005759 A1 WO2023005759 A1 WO 2023005759A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
magnet
magnetic
sound
voice coil
assembly
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/106700
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陶玲
张毫毫
郭明光
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023005759A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005759A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/02—Casings; Cabinets ; Supports therefor; Mountings therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
    • H04R5/033—Headphones for stereophonic communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, in particular to a loudspeaker and electronic equipment.
  • TWS True Wireless Stereo, True Wireless Stereo
  • TWS earphones are generally divided into two types, one is a speaker including a single diaphragm, and the single diaphragm has a larger area and can have a larger amplitude in space to obtain a greater sound pressure level.
  • the amplitude of the single-diaphragm is suppressed, and the advantages of the large-diaphragm high sound pressure level cannot be fully utilized, resulting in poor sound quality, and the speaker with the single-diaphragm occupies a large stacking space, resulting in The layout space of the battery is reduced, making it difficult to achieve long battery life.
  • TWS earphones In order to take into account the needs of noise reduction and high sound quality, another type of existing TWS earphones is to arrange multiple speakers in the earphones, such as arranging multiple tweeters or multiple woofers or a combination of tweeters and woofers wait.
  • speakers such as tweeters and woofers are independent of each other and need to be packaged separately.
  • the shell packaging structure of each speaker and the structure of the cavity in the earphone occupy a relatively large space, resulting in that the speaker cannot be designed with a small size while achieving the ultimate noise reduction and high sound quality of the earphone.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a speaker and electronic equipment to solve the above-mentioned problem that the speaker in the existing TWS earphone cannot take into account the small size design while achieving noise reduction and high sound quality.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a loudspeaker, which includes a sound emitting component and a common magnetic conducting part.
  • the sounding assembly includes a first sounding unit and a second sounding unit, the first sounding unit includes a first magnet assembly and a first vibration assembly, and the second sounding unit includes a second magnet assembly and a second vibration assembly.
  • the common magnetic conducting member includes two opposite surfaces, and the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit are respectively arranged on the two surfaces of the common magnetic conducting member.
  • the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly form a closed magnetic field loop through the common magnetic permeable part. The magnetic force generated by the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly is used to drive the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly to vibrate.
  • the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly can form a closed magnetic field loop by sharing the magnetic conductive part, that is, a closed loop of magnetic force lines is formed between the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly, so that two sound can be realized
  • the magnetic circuits of the units reinforce each other, which enhances the magnetic utilization and improves the product performance.
  • a closed magnetic field circuit or a closed loop of magnetic force lines means that, based on the magnetism of the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly, there is a magnetic force line pointing from the first magnet assembly to the second magnet assembly, and at the same time, there is also a magnetic field line from the second magnet assembly.
  • the component points to the magnetic force line of the first magnet component, so that a circulating magnetic force line is formed between the first magnet component and the second magnet component, that is, a closed magnetic field circuit or a magnetic force line closed loop.
  • each sounding unit can be formed into an integral structure by sharing the magnetic conductive parts, and there is no need to separately package each sounding unit, and it is not necessary to design a cavity for separately encapsulating each sounding unit in earphones and other products. It is enough to design a cavity for installing the speaker in the product, thereby reducing the space occupied by the speaker on the earphone and other products, thereby reducing the volume of the product, and saving space for the installation of large-capacity batteries, realizing earphones and other products long battery life.
  • the magnetic force generated by the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly is used to drive the first vibration assembly and the second vibration assembly to vibrate. Since the magnetic forces between the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly are mutually enhanced, the first The increased driving force of the vibrating component and the second vibrating component strengthens the vibrating effect of the first vibrating component and the second vibrating component, thereby realizing the enhancement of the sound pressure level.
  • the first magnet assembly includes a first outer magnet and a first inner magnet, the first outer magnet is arranged around the periphery of the first inner magnet, and the first outer magnet The magnetic pole of the first inner magnet is opposite to the side facing the common magnetic conducting member.
  • the second magnet assembly includes a second outer magnet and a second inner magnet, the second outer magnet is arranged around the periphery of the second inner magnet, and the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet are facing toward The magnetic poles on one side of the common magnetic conducting member are opposite, and the magnetic poles of the first inner magnet and the second inner magnet are opposite on the side facing the common magnetic conducting member, and the first outer magnet and the second inner magnet are opposite to each other.
  • the magnetic poles of the two outer magnets on the side facing the common magnetic conducting member are opposite.
  • a closed loop of magnetic force lines can be formed between the first outer magnet, the first inner magnet, the shared magnetic conductor, the second inner magnet, and the second outer magnet, that is, a closed loop is formed between the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit.
  • Magnetic field circuit so that the magnetic circuits of the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit reinforce each other, which enhances the magnetic utilization rate and improves the product performance.
  • the first vibrating component is disposed on a side of the first magnet component away from the common magnetic conducting member.
  • the first vibrating component can vibrate under the action of Lorentz force in the magnetic field circuit, so as to vibrate the surrounding air, and then generate sound waves, which are transmitted into the ear.
  • the first vibrating component includes a first voice coil and a first diaphragm, and the first voice coil is fixed on a side of the first diaphragm facing the common magnetic conducting member, And there is a gap between the first diaphragm and the first magnet assembly, and the gap can make the first diaphragm have a certain vibration space to realize sound generation.
  • a first magnetic gap is formed between the first outer magnet and the first inner magnet, and the first voice coil is at least partially suspended in the first magnetic gap.
  • the alternating current After the alternating current is passed through the first voice coil, it can drive the first diaphragm to vibrate repeatedly, thereby compressing the air on different sides of the first diaphragm to generate sound waves, which are further transmitted into the ear to form audible sounds.
  • the first sound generating unit further includes a first magnetically conductive member, and the first magnetically conductive member is disposed on a side of the first magnet assembly away from the common magnetically conductive member.
  • the second sound-generating unit further includes a second magnetic conduction part, and the second magnetic conduction part is disposed on a side of the second magnet assembly away from the shared magnetic conduction part.
  • the first magnetic conductor includes a first outer magnetic conductor and a first inner magnetic conductor, and the first outer magnetic conductor is fixed on the first outer magnet away from the common One end of the magnetic permeable part, the first inner magnetic permeable part is fixed to the end of the first inner magnet far away from the shared magnetic permeable part.
  • the second magnetic conductor includes a second outer magnetic conductor and a second inner magnetic conductor, the second outer magnetic conductor is fixed to an end of the second outer magnet far away from the shared magnetic conductor, the The second inner magnetic conductor is fixed at an end of the second inner magnet away from the shared magnetic conductor.
  • the magnetic flux density is increased, which in turn can increase the Lorentz force on the first voice coil, increase the amplitude of the first voice coil, and correspondingly increase the amplitude of the first diaphragm, and the resulting sound wave intensity is significantly improved.
  • the sensitivity of the speaker is greatly improved.
  • the second outer magnetic conductor and the second inner magnetic conductor can concentrate more lines of force between the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet on the second outer magnetic conductor and the second inner magnetic conductor between them, the same effect as that of the first outer magnetic conducting member and the first inner magnetic conducting member can also be brought about, which will not be repeated here.
  • the second vibrating component is disposed on a side of the second magnet component away from the common magnetic conducting member.
  • the second vibrating component vibrates under the effect of Lorentz force in the magnetic field circuit, so that the surrounding air vibrates, and then generates sound waves, which are transmitted into the ear.
  • the second vibrating component includes a second voice coil and a second diaphragm, and the second voice coil is fixed on a side of the second diaphragm facing the common magnetic conductor, And there is a gap between the second diaphragm and the second magnet assembly, and the gap can make the second diaphragm have a certain vibration space to realize sound generation.
  • a second magnetic gap is formed between the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet, and the second voice coil partially protrudes into the second magnetic gap.
  • the second voice coil After the second voice coil is energized, it can drive the second diaphragm to vibrate synchronously and repeatedly, thereby compressing the air on different sides of the second diaphragm to generate sound waves, which are further transmitted into the ear to form audible sounds.
  • the second vibrating component includes a second voice coil and a second diaphragm, and the second voice coil is etched on a side of the second diaphragm facing the second magnet component.
  • the inner wall surface of the second outer magnet abuts against the outer wall surface of the second inner magnet, and the projection of the second voice coil in the thickness direction covers the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet. and a vibration gap is maintained between the second voice coil and the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet.
  • the overall thickness can be reduced by 10%.
  • the second diaphragm is in a planar shape, and the second voice coil is etched on the side of the second diaphragm away from the second magnet assembly, so that the second voice coil can be flat
  • Laying on the second diaphragm with a planar shape can reduce the overall thickness and size of the second diaphragm and the second voice coil after assembly, and at the same time reduce the weight to obtain the best high-frequency response.
  • the second vibrating assembly includes a second voice coil and a second diaphragm, and the second voice coil is located on a side of the second diaphragm facing the second magnet assembly.
  • the second voice coil includes at least one coil layer, the coil layer is formed by winding wires in a plane, and the plane is parallel to the common magnetic conductor.
  • the inner wall surface of the second outer magnet abuts against the outer wall surface of the second inner magnet, and the projection of the second voice coil in the thickness direction covers the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet. and a vibration gap is maintained between the second voice coil and the second outer magnet and the second inner magnet.
  • the second voice coil include at least one coil layer wound by wires, the overall weight of the voice coil can be made light and the structural strength is good.
  • the coil layers made of wires can also be respectively located on both sides of the second diaphragm, so that both sides of the second diaphragm are provided with second voice coils, so that the second voice coil drives the second diaphragm vibration effect.
  • the distance between the first inner magnetic conductor and the first vibration component is greater than the distance between the second inner magnetic conductor and the second vibration component.
  • the first sounding unit there is a relatively large space between the first vibrating component and the first inner magnetic conductor, so that the audio frequency bandwidth of the woofer can be expanded to the middle and low frequencies
  • the second sounding unit the second There is a relatively small space between the vibrating component and the second inner magnetic conductor, so that the audio frequency bandwidth of the high frequency unit can be expanded to high frequency.
  • both the first inner magnet and the first outer magnet are magnetic materials; or one of the first inner magnet and the first outer magnet is a magnetic material, and the other is a magnetic material.
  • Both the second inner magnet and the second outer magnet are magnetic materials; or one of the second inner magnet and the second outer magnet is a magnetic material, and the other is a magnetic permeable material. All of the above combinations can form a magnetic circuit circulation between the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit, thereby making the material selection more flexible.
  • the first sound unit further includes a first chamber cover and a bracket.
  • the first cavity cover is fixed on the side of the first vibrating component away from the shared magnetic member, and a first front cavity is formed between the first cavity cover and the first vibrating component.
  • a chamber cover is provided with a second sound outlet communicating with the first front chamber.
  • a first rear cavity is formed between the first vibrating assembly and the shared magnetic guide, the bracket is fixed to the first outer magnet, and the bracket is provided with a first cavity communicating with the first rear cavity.
  • a sound outlet, the first sound outlet is separated from the sound transmission path of the second sound outlet.
  • the first vibration component can realize the isolation of the first front cavity and the first rear cavity, so that the sound of the second sound outlet connected with the first front cavity and the first sound outlet connected with the first rear cavity can be made
  • the transmission path is isolated, avoiding an acoustic short circuit after the sound from the first sound outlet and the sound from the second sound outlet converge.
  • the first vibrating assembly is fixed on a side of the support that is away from the first external magnet. Therefore, the installation of the first vibrating component can be facilitated, and at the same time, the reliability of supporting and fixing the first vibrating component can be ensured.
  • the second sound unit further includes a second cavity cover, and the second cavity cover is fixedly covered by the second vibrating component, the second external magnet and the common magnetic conduction
  • a second front cavity is formed between the second cavity cover and the second vibrating component
  • a second rear cavity is formed between the second vibrating component and the common magnetic permeable component.
  • the second chamber cover is provided with a third sound outlet communicating with the second front chamber and a fourth sound outlet communicating with the second rear chamber, and the third sound outlet is connected with the first sound outlet. The sound transmission path of the four sound holes is separated.
  • the second vibration component can realize the isolation of the second front cavity and the second rear cavity, so that the sound transmission path of the third sound outlet communicating with the second front cavity and the fourth sound outlet communicating with the second rear cavity can be achieved
  • the isolation avoids the occurrence of acoustic short circuit after the sound transmitted from the third sound outlet and the sound transmitted from the fourth sound outlet converge.
  • there are more than two sounding components there are more than two sounding components, and the two or more sounding components are arranged at intervals in the lateral direction, and the first sounding units of the two or more sounding components are all arranged on the One side of the common magnetic conducting part, and the second sounding units of the two or more sound generating components are all arranged on the other side of the common magnetic conducting part. More than two sound-generating components share a common magnetic conductor, and the magnetic circuit can be enhanced through the shared magnetic conductor between each sound-generating component, so that the magnetic utilization rate can be improved to a greater extent, and then the product performance can be improved.
  • the second aspect of the present application also provides an electronic device, which includes a housing and the speaker provided in the first aspect of the present application, and the speaker is arranged in the housing.
  • the loudspeaker provided by this application has a smaller volume than the existing loudspeaker, can occupy a smaller space inside the electronic equipment, is conducive to the design of electronic equipment with a smaller volume, and is also conducive to the arrangement of more sensors and other devices in the electronic equipment , to improve the space utilization rate inside the electronic device.
  • the electronic device is an earphone
  • the speaker is packaged in a shell of the earphone.
  • the outer casing is provided with a front chamber and a rear chamber, the front chamber and the rear chamber are respectively provided with sound outlet channels, and the front chamber and the speaker
  • the first front chamber communicates with the second front chamber
  • the rear chamber communicates with the first rear chamber and the second rear chamber of the speaker.
  • the sound waves in the first front chamber and the second front chamber of the loudspeaker can be transmitted to the front chamber of the electronic device through the sound holes of the first front chamber and the second front chamber, and further pass the sound output of the front chamber. channel into the ear; similarly, the sound waves in the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity of the speaker can be transmitted to the rear cavity of the electronic device through the sound outlets of the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity, and further The sound is transmitted to the ear through the sound channel of the rear chamber.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an earphone in the prior art
  • Fig. 2 is the front view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is the sectional view in B-B direction among Fig. 3;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of assembling the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit through a common magnetic guide
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circulation direction of the magnetic force lines of the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit;
  • Fig. 8 is the bottom view of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view in the C-C direction in Fig. 8;
  • Fig. 10 is a sectional view in the D-D direction in Fig. 8;
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 12 is a curve diagram of pressure field frequency response
  • Fig. 13 is a graph of the frequency response of the artificial ear
  • Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 15 is a sectional view in the A-A direction in Fig. 2 in another embodiment
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of a second coil and a second diaphragm in another embodiment
  • Fig. 17 is a comparison chart of pressure field frequency response curves of three implementations.
  • Figure 18 is a rear view of Figure 8.
  • FIG. 19 is a rear view of FIG. 3 .
  • connection can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrated Connected, or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through an intermediary.
  • the present application provides a speaker, which can be applied to audio playback in scenarios where terminal equipment such as notebook computers, tablet computers, large-screen TVs, mobile phones, earphones, and speakers are miniaturized or thinned. equipment.
  • the electronic equipment includes a shell and a loudspeaker, and the loudspeaker is arranged in the shell.
  • the shell part is usually provided with a sound output channel, and the sound from the loudspeaker can be transmitted to the human ear through the sound output channel.
  • This application is preferably described by taking the speaker applied to the earphone as an example, that is, the speaker is packaged in the shell of the earphone.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an earphone in the prior art.
  • an existing earphone generally includes a housing 100 and a speaker 200 , and the speaker 200 is integrated inside the housing 100 .
  • the housing 100 is usually provided with a front chamber 300 and a rear chamber 400. After the loudspeaker is installed in the housing 100, the front chamber 300 and the rear chamber 400 can be isolated with sealing materials such as sealant.
  • the speaker 200 is provided with a front sound outlet and a rear outlet.
  • the sound hole wherein the front sound hole communicates with the front cavity 300, and the rear sound hole communicates with the rear cavity 400, thereby forming the front sound channel and the rear sound channel of the earphone, so as to transmit the sound from the speaker into the ear.
  • the speaker generally includes a diaphragm, a voice coil and a magnetic circuit system.
  • the voice coil is fixedly connected to the diaphragm.
  • the voice coil is reciprocated by the Lorentz force in the magnetic circuit system, thereby Drive the diaphragm to vibrate, the vibration of the diaphragm can realize the vibration of the surrounding air, and then generate sound and transmit it to the human ear.
  • FIG. 1 a cross-sectional view of an earphone in the prior art.
  • Large amplitude so as to be able to obtain a large sound pressure level.
  • the vibration of the single diaphragm will be resisted by the air pressure in the ear canal, resulting in the suppression of the amplitude of the single diaphragm and the inability to exert the high sound pressure level of the large diaphragm. advantage, resulting in poorer sound quality.
  • the overall design size of the speaker is also relatively large, resulting in a large stacking space in the earphone, which in turn reduces the battery layout space and makes it difficult to achieve long battery life.
  • another type of existing earphones is to arrange multiple speakers in the earphone, such as arranging multiple tweeters or multiple woofers or a combination of tweeters and woofers.
  • speakers such as tweeters and woofers are independent of each other and need to be packaged separately.
  • the shell packaging structure of each speaker and the structure of the cavity in the earphone occupy a relatively large space, resulting in that the speaker cannot be designed with a small size while achieving the ultimate noise reduction and high sound quality of the earphone.
  • the present embodiment provides a kind of loudspeaker, and this loudspeaker comprises sound-generating component and common magnetic conduction member 3, and sound-generating component comprises two sound-generating units, and these two sound-generating units are respectively arranged on the two sides of common magnetic conduction member 3, and A closed magnetic field loop can be formed between the magnets of the two sounding units by sharing the magnetic conductive part 3, and the magnetic field loop can realize the enhancement of the magnetic force of the two sounding units, so that the driving force of the voice coil in the speaker can be increased, thereby enhancing sound pressure level.
  • the two sound generating units can also be combined into one body through a common magnetic conducting part, without needing to be packaged separately, so that the volume of the speaker can also be reduced.
  • Fig. 2 is a front view of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 is a side view of the speaker provided in the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view along the B-B direction in FIG. 3 , as shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5
  • the loudspeaker includes a sound-generating assembly and a common magnetic conductor 3 .
  • the sounding assembly includes a first sounding unit 1 and a second sounding unit 2 , the first sounding unit 1 includes a first magnet assembly and a first vibration assembly 13 , and the second sounding unit 2 includes a second magnet assembly and a second vibration assembly 23 .
  • Shared magnetic conduction member 3 comprises oppositely arranged two sides, and the first sound unit 1 and the second sound generation unit 2 are respectively arranged on the two sides of common magnetic conduction member 3, and these two sides are shared magnetic conduction member 3 and the first magnet assembly and the second A surface on which the flux lines between magnet components are perpendicular.
  • the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly form a closed magnetic field loop by sharing the magnetic permeable part 3 .
  • the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly can generate magnetic force and form a magnetic field around them.
  • the distribution of the magnetic field can be described by the magnetic force lines, that is, the magnetic force lines inside the magnet are directed from the S pole to the N pole, and the two magnets attract each other
  • the magnetic field lines on one side are N poles pointing to S poles.
  • each speaker has its own magnetic field loop, but since each speaker is individually packaged and installed in the earphone, the magnetic field loops of each speaker are independent of each other and cannot reinforce each other.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit through a common magnetic conductive member
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circulation direction of the magnetic force lines of the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit, as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7
  • the magnetic poles of the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly near the common magnetic permeable part 3 are opposite, so that the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly can form a closed magnetic field loop through the common magnetic permeable part 3, that is, the first A closed loop of magnetic lines of force is formed between the first magnet component and the second magnet component, so that the magnetic circuits of the two sounding units can be mutually reinforced, thereby enhancing the magnetic utilization rate and improving product performance.
  • a closed magnetic field circuit or a closed loop of magnetic force lines means that, based on the magnetism of the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly, there is a magnetic force line pointing from the first magnet assembly to the second magnet assembly, and at the same time, there is also a magnetic field line from the second magnet assembly.
  • the component points to the magnetic force line of the first magnet component, so that a circulating magnetic force line is formed between the first magnet component and the second magnet component, that is, a closed magnetic field circuit or a magnetic force line closed loop.
  • each sounding unit can be formed into an integral structure by sharing the magnetic conductive part 3, and there is no need to separately package each sounding unit, and it is not necessary to design a cavity for separately encapsulating each sounding unit in products such as earphones. It is enough to design a cavity for installing the speaker in the product, thereby reducing the space occupied by the speaker on the earphone and other products, thereby reducing the product size, and saving space for the installation of large-capacity batteries, realizing earphones, etc. The long life of the product.
  • the magnetic force produced by the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly is used to drive the first vibration assembly 13 and the second vibration assembly 23 to vibrate, since the magnetic forces between the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly are mutually enhanced, the The driving force of the first vibrating component 13 and the second vibrating component 23 is increased, so that the vibrating effect of the first vibrating component 13 and the second vibrating component 23 is strengthened, thereby realizing the enhancement of the sound pressure level.
  • the common magnetically permeable part 3 may be a plate-like structure made of magnetically permeable material, and the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly may be fixed to the common magnetically permeable part 3 by means of gluing or the like.
  • the first sound unit 1 and the second sound unit 2 can be the same or different, one of these two units can be a woofer, the other can be a tweeter, or both can be a woofer Or both are tweeters.
  • the audio bandwidth of the woofer is concentrated in the middle and low frequencies, which has a good noise reduction effect.
  • the bandwidth of the tweeter is concentrated in the high frequency, which can achieve high sound quality. noise and high-quality sound performance.
  • the first sounding unit 1 is a bass unit
  • the second sounding unit 2 is a tweeter.
  • the magnetic pole on the side of the first sounding unit 1 close to the common magnetic conducting member 3 is opposite to the magnetic pole on the side of the second sounding unit 2 close to the sharing magnetic conducting member 3, so that the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2 can form a
  • the magnetic field loop makes the magnetic circuits of the two units reinforce each other, thereby enhancing the magnetic utilization rate and improving product performance.
  • the volume of the double-unit loudspeaker composed of the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2 in this embodiment can be further reduced by 16% compared with the existing smallest double-unit loudspeaker, and compared with the single-diaphragm
  • the dual-unit speaker of this embodiment can significantly expand its bandwidth, and at the same time realize the performance of extreme noise reduction and high sound quality of the earphone.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the first magnet
  • the assembly includes a first outer magnet 11 and a first inner magnet 12, the first outer magnet 11 is arranged around the periphery of the first inner magnet 12, and the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 are facing the common magnetic permeable member 3- The magnetic poles on the sides are opposite.
  • the second magnet assembly includes a second outer magnet 21 and a second inner magnet 22, the second outer magnet 21 is arranged around the periphery of the second inner magnet 22, and the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 are facing the common magnetic conductor
  • the magnetic poles on one side of 3 are opposite, and the magnetic poles on the side of the first outer magnet 11 and the second outer magnet 21 facing the common magnetic permeable member 3 are opposite.
  • the magnetic pole of the first outer magnet 11 When the magnetic pole of the first outer magnet 11 is close to the S pole on the side of the common magnetic conducting part 3, the magnetic pole of the first inner magnet 12 is close to the magnetic pole of the common magnetic conducting part 3 side; When the magnetic pole on one side of the part 3 is N pole, the magnetic pole on the side of the first inner magnet 12 close to the common magnetic conducting part 3 is S pole.
  • the polarities of the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 can be specifically set according to the actual design requirements of the loudspeaker. In this embodiment, since the magnetic poles of the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 are opposite to the side facing the common magnetic permeable member 3, the direction of the magnetic force lines inside the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 is different from that of the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12. The direction of the magnetic force lines outside the magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 is the same.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the first sound unit and the second sound unit through a common magnetic conduction member.
  • the magnetic pole of the inner magnet 22 towards the common magnetic permeable part 3 side is S pole
  • the magnetic pole of the first outer magnet 11 is towards the common magnetic permeable part 3 side
  • the first inner magnet 12 is towards the common magnetic permeable part 3 side.
  • the magnetic pole is N pole, thus, the direction of the magnetic field lines of the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2 passes through the first outer magnet 11, the first inner magnet 12, the common magnetic conductor 3, the second inner magnet 22, the second The two outer magnets 21, the shared magnetic conductor 3 and the first outer magnet 11 form a closed loop of magnetic force lines, that is, a magnetic field loop is formed between the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2, thereby realizing the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2.
  • the magnetic circuits of the second sounding unit 2 reinforce each other, which enhances the magnetic utilization rate and improves the product performance.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in FIG. 2 in an embodiment.
  • the first vibrating component 13 vibrates under the action of Lorentz force in the magnetic field loop, so that the surrounding air vibrates, and then generates sound waves, which are transmitted into the ear.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of C-C in Fig.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5, FIG. 9, FIG. 10 and FIG.
  • the first voice coil 131 is fixed on the side of the first diaphragm 132 facing the common magnetic permeable part 3, and there is a gap between the first diaphragm 132 and the first magnet assembly, and the gap can make
  • the first vibrating membrane 132 has a certain vibration space to realize sound generation.
  • a first magnetic gap 17 is formed between the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 , and the first voice coil 131 is at least partially suspended in the first magnetic gap 17 .
  • the first voice coil 131 When an alternating current is applied to the first voice coil 131, a magnetic field response will be generated, causing the first voice coil 131 to vibrate and cut the magnetic field lines, and the first voice coil 131 can drive the first diaphragm 132 to vibrate synchronously and repeatedly, thereby compressing the first diaphragm 132
  • the air on different sides produces sound waves, which are further transmitted into the ear to form audible sounds.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application.
  • the first voice coil 131 is an annular cylindrical structure, and the first voice coil 131 has a relatively large The large length can have a larger area in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic force lines between the first inner magnet 12 and the first outer magnet 11 to receive more magnetic force lines, thereby enhancing the magnetic utilization rate and improving product performance.
  • the first sound unit 1 also includes a first magnetic conductor, the first magnetic conductor is arranged on the side of the first magnet assembly away from the common magnetic conductor, and the second sound unit 2 also includes a second The magnetic conducting part, the second magnetic conducting part is arranged on the side of the second magnet assembly away from the common magnetic conducting part.
  • the first magnetic conductor and the second magnetic conductor, the magnetic force lines outside the first magnet assembly and the second magnet assembly are radial, and part of the magnetic force lines cannot be utilized by the first vibrating assembly 13 and the second vibrating assembly 23 .
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of C-C in Fig.
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 4, Fig.
  • the second magnetic conductor comprises a second outer magnetic conductor 24 and a second inner magnetic conductor 25, the second outer magnetic conductor 24 is fixed on the second outer magnet 21 away from the end of the common magnetic conductor 3, and the second inner magnetic conductor The part 25 is fixed on the end of the second inner magnet 22 away from the common magnetic conducting part 3 .
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the circulation direction of the magnetic force lines of the first sounding unit and the second sounding unit. As shown in FIG. A part of the magnetic flux is directed from the first outer magnet 11 to the first inner magnet 12, while other magnetic flux diffuses into the air and cannot be utilized.
  • the first outer magnetic conductor 14 and the first inner magnetic conductor 15 by arranging the first outer magnetic conductor 14 and the first inner magnetic conductor 15, more magnetic force lines located between the first outer magnet 11 and the first inner magnet 12 can be concentrated on the second Between an outer magnetic member 14 and the first inner magnetic member 15, the magnetic flux density is improved, and then the Lorentz force suffered by the first voice coil 131 can be increased, the amplitude of the first voice coil 131 is increased, and the first The vibration amplitude of the vibrating membrane 132 increases correspondingly, and the intensity of the sound wave generated thereby increases significantly, so that the sensitivity of the loudspeaker is greatly improved.
  • the second outer magnetic conductor 24 and the second inner magnetic conductor 25 can concentrate more magnetic force lines between the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 on the second outer magnetic conductor 24 and the second inner magnetic conductor 24 .
  • the effect of the second outer magnetic conductor 24 and the second inner magnetic conductor 25 is the same as that of the first outer magnetic conductor 14 and the first inner magnetic conductor 15, both for Concentrate the lines of magnetic force to increase the utilization rate of the magnetic field, so I won't repeat them here.
  • the second vibrating assembly 23 is arranged on the side of the second magnet assembly away from the common magnetic permeable part 3, and the second vibrating assembly 23 vibrates under the action of Lorentz force in the magnetic field circuit, so that The surrounding air vibrates, which creates sound waves that travel into the ear.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of D-D in Fig. 8, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and FIG.
  • the second vibrating assembly 23 includes a second voice coil 231 and a second diaphragm 232, the second voice coil 231 is fixed on the side of the second diaphragm 232 facing the common magnetic conductor 3, and the second There is a gap between the vibrating membrane 232 and the second magnet assembly, and the gap can make the second vibrating membrane 232 have a certain vibration space to realize sound generation.
  • a second magnetic gap 26 is formed between the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 , and the second voice coil 231 is at least partially suspended in the second magnetic gap 26 .
  • first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2 may have the same structure and be arranged as a mirror image with respect to the shared magnetic conductor 3, and of course may also have different structures, such as the first sounding unit 1 being a bass unit , the second sounding unit 2 is a tweeter, or the first sounding unit 1 is a tweeter, and the second sounding unit 2 is a bass unit, etc.
  • the first sound generating unit 1 is a bass unit and the second sound generating unit 2 is a tweeter unit as an example for illustration.
  • the distance between the second vibrating component and the second inner magnetic conducting part 25 is smaller than the distance between the second vibrating component 23 and the first inner magnetic conducting part 15 . That is, in the first sounding unit 1, there is a relatively large space between the first vibrating assembly 13 and the first inner magnetic conductor 15, so that the audio frequency bandwidth of the bass unit can be extended to the middle and low frequencies, while in the second sounding unit 2, there is a relatively small space between the second vibration component 23 and the second inner magnetic conductor 25, so that the audio frequency bandwidth of the high-frequency unit can be extended to high frequencies.
  • FIG. 4 is a sectional view in the direction of A-A in FIG. 2 in an embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a sectional view in the direction of B-B in FIG. 3
  • FIG. 10 is a sectional view in the direction of D-D in FIG. 8 , as shown in FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 10 , the second vibrating assembly 23 includes a second voice coil 231 and a second diaphragm 232 , and the second voice coil 231 is fixed on the side of the second diaphragm 232 facing the second magnet assembly.
  • a second magnetic gap 26 is formed between the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 , and the second voice coil 231 partially extends into the second magnetic gap 26 .
  • Fig. 12 is the pressure field frequency response graph, as shown in Fig. 12, with respect to the loudspeaker that only has woofer or the loudspeaker that only has treble unit, under the same frequency condition, the loudspeaker with high-bass double unit in this embodiment, treble
  • the sound pressure levels of the woofer and the woofer have been significantly improved, that is to say, the loudspeaker with the high-bass dual unit in this embodiment can realize the woofer and the tweeter to expand the bandwidth at the same time, that is, the woofer expands the bandwidth to the low frequency, and the tweeter expands to the high frequency. bandwidth.
  • Fig. 13 is the frequency response curve of the artificial ear. As shown in Fig.
  • the loudspeaker with the high and low pitch dual units in this embodiment can have a higher sound pressure level under the same frequency condition, and the sound pressure The level is increased by an average of 5.3dB, which enhances the listening effect.
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view along the A-A direction in FIG. 2 in another implementation.
  • the second vibrating assembly 23 includes a second voice coil 231 and a second diaphragm 232
  • the second voice coil 231 is fixed on the side of the second diaphragm 232 facing the second magnet assembly through an etching process, the inner wall surface of the second outer magnet 21 abuts against the outer wall surface of the second inner magnet 22, and the second voice coil 231
  • the projection in its thickness direction covers the matching position 221 of the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 , and there is a vibration gap 29 between the second voice coil 231 and the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 .
  • the thickness direction of the second voice coil 231 is a dimension parallel to the direction of the magnetic force lines passing through the second voice coil 231 .
  • the second voice coil 231 there is no need to extend between the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 , but to align with the mating position 221 of the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 , the second voice coil 231 and the second outer magnet 21
  • the position aligned with the mating position 221 of the second inner magnet 22 is the position where the projection of the second voice coil 231 in its thickness direction can cover the mating position 221 of the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22, so that The line of magnetic force between the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 is cut at a position opposite to the matching position 221, wherein the matching position 221 is a position where the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 abut against each other .
  • the overall thickness of the loudspeaker can also be reduced. Compared with the existing two-unit loudspeaker, the overall thickness can be reduced by 10%.
  • the vibration gap 29 between the second voice coil 231 and the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22 a space can be provided for the vibration of the second voice coil 231 and the second diaphragm 232 to realize sounding .
  • the second voice coil 231 includes at least one coil layer, and the coil layer is formed by winding wires in a plane, and the plane is parallel to the common magnetic-permeable member 3 .
  • the coil layer can have one layer, two layers or multiple layers in the axial direction, and the specific number of layers can be set according to the ability to cut the magnetic force lines, while the overall weight of the voice coil composed of coils is relatively light, and the structural strength is good.
  • the second voice coil 231 can be integrally fixed to the second diaphragm 232 by glue or the like.
  • the coil layer may be circular, elliptical or the like.
  • the coil layers made of wires can also be respectively located on both sides of the second diaphragm 232, so that both sides of the second diaphragm 232 are provided with the second voice coil 231, so as to enhance the driving force of the second voice coil 231.
  • the vibration effect of the second diaphragm 232 can also be respectively located on both sides of the second diaphragm 232, so that both sides of the second diaphragm 232 are provided with the second voice coil 231, so as to enhance the driving force of the second voice coil 231.
  • the material of the coil layer can be copper, aluminum or metal alloy.
  • the second diaphragm 232 may include a dome and a ring, and the ring is arranged around the dome and protrudes from the surface of the dome, which is in the thickness direction of the diaphragm. It takes up a lot of space, and the voice coil is generally fixed to the diaphragm by glue, which will also occupy space, and the use of glue will also increase the weight of the component and affect the high-frequency response. Therefore, in this embodiment, FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment in the A-A direction in FIG. 2, and FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of the second coil and the second diaphragm in another embodiment, as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG.
  • both the second voice coil 231 and the second diaphragm 232 are planar, and the second voice coil 231 is formed on one side or both sides of the second diaphragm 232 by an etching process.
  • the second voice coil 231 is made of copper wire, aluminum wire, etc. wound in a plane to form a ring-shaped metal coil structure, and is evenly wound with multiple turns in the radial direction.
  • the radial direction is the second voice coil 231 extends from the outside to the inside, so that the second voice coil 231 has a larger area on the second diaphragm 232, when the second voice coil 231 is arranged on the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22
  • the plane where the second voice coil 231 is located is perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the second outer magnet 21 and the second inner magnet 22, so that the second voice coil 231 can be subjected to a wider range of Loren Zili improves the magnetic utilization.
  • the second voice coil 231 is tiled on the second diaphragm 232 with a planar shape, which can reduce the overall thickness of the assembled second diaphragm 232 and second voice coil 231, and at the same time reduce the Reduced weight for the best high frequency response.
  • the second voice coil 231 is formed on the second diaphragm 232 through an etching process, thereby canceling the use of glue for bonding the second voice coil 231 to the second diaphragm 232, and greatly reducing the second sound.
  • the assembled weight of the ring 231 and the second diaphragm 232 optimizes the high frequency response of the speaker.
  • Fig. 17 is a comparison chart of pressure field frequency response curves in three implementations. As shown in Fig. 17, the speakers in the above three implementations all have better frequency responses. Among them, the magnetic utilization efficiency in "an embodiment” shown in Figure 17 is the highest, and the highest full-frequency response can be obtained, and "another embodiment” and “another embodiment” shown in Figure 17 both have Better high-frequency response, wherein the "yet another embodiment” shown in FIG. 17 has the best high-frequency response.
  • the first inner magnet 12 and the first outer magnet 11 are both magnetic materials; or one of the first inner magnet 12 and the first outer magnet 11 is a magnetic material, and the other is a magnetic permeable material.
  • Both the second inner magnet 22 and the second outer magnet 21 are magnetic materials; or one of the second inner magnet 22 and the second outer magnet 21 is a magnetic material, and the other is a magnetic permeable material.
  • the magnetic material may be a magnet, and the magnetically permeable material may be, but not limited to, carbon steel, silicon steel sheet, pure iron, and the like. All the above combinations can form a magnetic circuit circulation between the first sounding unit 1 and the second sounding unit 2 .
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 8 is a bottom view of Fig. 2
  • Fig. 11 is The exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 18 is the rear view of Fig. 8, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8, Fig. 11 and Fig.
  • the first sound unit 1 also includes a first cavity cover 41 and the bracket 16, the first cavity cover 41 is fixed on the side of the first vibrating assembly 13 away from the common magnetic permeable member 3, and the first front cavity 18 is formed between the first cavity cover 41 and the first vibrating component 13, the first cavity
  • the cover 41 is provided with a second sound hole 411 communicating with the first front cavity 18 .
  • a first rear cavity 19 is formed between the first vibrating assembly 13 and the common magnetic guide 3, the bracket 16 is fixed to the first outer magnet 11, and the bracket 16 is provided with a first sound hole 161 communicating with the first rear cavity 19, The sound transmission paths of the first sound outlet 161 and the second sound outlet 411 are separated to avoid acoustic short circuit.
  • a front chamber and a rear chamber that are isolated from each other are usually formed in the earphone, and the first front chamber 18 of the speaker can communicate with the front chamber of the earphone through the second sound outlet hole 411.
  • the chamber communicates to form a front sound channel to transmit sound to the ear;
  • the first rear chamber 19 can communicate with the rear chamber of the earphone through the first sound hole 161 to form a rear sound channel to transmit sound to in the ear.
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in FIG. 2 in one embodiment
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in FIG. 3 .
  • the first rear cavity 19 is located on both sides of the first diaphragm 132.
  • the first diaphragm 132 When the first diaphragm 132 vibrates, it can alternately compress the air in the first front cavity 18 and the first rear cavity 19, which will cause the air in the first front cavity 18 to
  • the phases of the sound waves in the first back cavity 19 and the sound waves in the first back cavity 19 are opposite, and when the sound waves in the first front cavity 18 and the sound waves in the first back cavity 19 meet, the effect of cancellation will occur, resulting in an acoustic short circuit.
  • the first diaphragm 132 in the first vibrating assembly 13 can realize the isolation of the first front chamber 18 and the first rear chamber 19, so that the second outlet connected to the first front chamber 18 can
  • the sound hole 411 is isolated from the sound transmission path of the first sound hole 161 communicated with the first rear cavity 19, avoiding the confluence of the sound emitted by the first sound hole 161 and the sound emitted by the second sound hole 411 Then an acoustic short circuit occurs.
  • Fig. 8 is a bottom view of Fig. 2
  • Fig. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 18 is a rear view of Fig. 8, as shown in Fig. 8, Fig. 11 and Fig. 18, the first output
  • the sound hole 161 can be arranged on the side wall of the bracket 16, and a first sound outlet hole 161 can be respectively opened on the opposite sides of the bracket 16, and the two first sound outlet holes 161 are connected with the first rear cavity 19, so as to Improve the sound effect.
  • FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the loudspeaker provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • one side of the bracket 16 is fixedly connected with the first outer magnet 11, and the side of the bracket 16 away from the first outer magnet 11 is connected with the first outer magnet 11.
  • a vibrating assembly 13 is fixedly connected. Therefore, the installation of the first vibrating component 13 can be facilitated, and at the same time, the reliability of supporting and fixing the first vibrating component 13 can be ensured.
  • the edge of the first vibrating membrane 132 may be fixed on the bracket 16 by means of gluing or the like.
  • FIG. 19 is a rear view of FIG. 3 , as shown in FIG. 19 , in order to pass current into the first voice coil 131 , the bracket 16 may be provided with a first terminal 162 for connecting the incoming line of the first voice coil 131 And the second terminal 163 used to connect the outgoing line of the first voice coil 131, wherein, the first terminal 162 and the second terminal 163 are arranged on the bracket 16, which can avoid occupying the internal space of the speaker, and at the same time facilitate the first terminal 162 and the second terminal
  • the arrangement and adjustment of the two terminals 163 can realize setting the first terminal 162 and the second terminal 163 on the bracket 16 at an optimal position where they can be connected to the first voice coil 131 .
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 2 in an embodiment
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of B-B in Fig. 3
  • Fig. 8 is a bottom view of Fig. 2
  • Fig. 18 is The rear view of Fig. 8, as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 8 and Fig. 18, the second sound unit also includes a second cavity cover 42, and the second cavity cover 42 and the first cavity cover 41 jointly form the speaker
  • the casing 4 and the second chamber cover 42 are fixedly disposed on the outside of the second vibrating assembly 23 , the second outer magnet 21 and the common magnetic conductor 3 .
  • the second chamber cover 42 can be fixed to the first outer magnet 11 after the second vibrating assembly 23, the second outer magnet 21 and the common magnetic permeable member 3 are covered therein, and specifically can be fixed to the first outer magnet 11 by gluing or the like.
  • a second front cavity 27 is formed between the second cavity cover 42 and the second vibrating component 23
  • a second rear cavity 28 is formed between the second vibrating component 23 and the common magnetic permeable member 3 .
  • the second cavity cover 42 is provided with a third sound outlet 421 communicating with the second front chamber 27 and a fourth sound outlet 422 communicating with the second rear chamber 28, the third sound outlet 421 and the fourth sound outlet 422 separates the sound delivery path.
  • the second front chamber 27 and the second rear chamber 28 are separated into two independent chambers by the second vibrating assembly 23, the third sound outlet hole 421 communicates with the second front chamber 27, the fourth sound outlet hole 422 communicates with the second The rear chamber 28 is connected, and the second vibrating assembly 23 can compress the air in the second front chamber 27 and the second rear chamber 28 when vibrating to generate sound waves, which are further transmitted through the third sound outlet hole 421 and the fourth sound outlet hole 422 in the ear.
  • the second front chamber 27 and the second rear chamber 28 are located on both sides of the second diaphragm 232, and the second diaphragm 232 can alternately control the air in the second front chamber 27 and the second rear chamber 28 when vibrating. Compression, which causes the sound waves in the second front chamber 27 and the sound waves in the second rear chamber 28 to be out of phase, canceling occurs when the sound waves in the second front chamber 27 and the sound waves in the second rear chamber 28 meet effect, causing an acoustic short circuit.
  • the second diaphragm 232 in the second vibrating assembly 23 can realize the isolation of the second front chamber 27 and the second rear chamber 28, so that the third outlet connected to the second front chamber 27 can
  • the sound hole 421 is isolated from the sound transmission path of the fourth sound hole 422 communicated with the second rear cavity 28, avoiding the confluence of the sound emitted by the third sound hole 421 and the sound emitted by the fourth sound hole 422 Then an acoustic short circuit occurs.
  • a second outer magnetic conductor 24 is provided at the end of the second outer magnet 21 away from the shared magnetic conductor 3 , and the second outer magnetic conductor 24 can be covered by the second cavity cover 42 Among them, the second outer magnetic member 24 can be provided with openings, the fourth sound hole 422 is arranged on the side wall of the second chamber cover 42, and the position of the fourth sound hole 422 is the same as that of the second outer magnetic member. The positions of the openings on the 24 are aligned so that the second rear chamber 28 can communicate with the fourth sound outlet 422 to facilitate sound output.
  • FIG. 8 is a bottom view of FIG. 2, and FIG. 18 is a rear view of FIG. 8. As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. After the loudspeaker is installed in the earphone, the fourth sound outlet 422 and the first sound outlet 161 can communicate with the front chamber or the rear chamber of the earphone at the same time to realize sound output.
  • the first sound outlet 161 and the fourth sound outlet 422 are facing towards the rear cavity of terminal equipment such as earphones. Room direction; when the second sound outlet 411 and the third sound outlet 421 are facing the rear chamber of terminal equipment such as earphones, the first sound outlet 161 and the fourth sound outlet 422 are facing the front of terminal equipment such as earphones. chamber orientation.
  • the installation direction of the speaker can be adjusted according to the spatial structure inside the earphone and the sound output direction, so that each sound output hole of the speaker can achieve the best matching effect with the sound output channel on the earphone.
  • the shape of the loudspeaker can be a cuboid, a cube or other shapes, preferably a cuboid in this embodiment, and the cuboid loudspeaker can be installed in the earphone with the direction in which its long side extends (the Z direction of the earphone); of course, if Due to the limitation of the structural space in the earphone, it can also be installed in the earphone with the direction in which the short side of the loudspeaker extends as the installation direction, thereby saving the Z-direction space of the earphone.
  • the second sound outlet 411 , the third sound outlet 421 , the first sound outlet 161 and the fourth sound outlet 422 are all used for the outlet of sound or the outlet of modulated sound. In practical applications, the second sound outlet 411 and the third sound outlet 421 need to be completely or to some extent isolated from the first sound outlet 161 and the fourth sound outlet 422 .
  • FIG. 19 is a rear view of FIG. 3 , as shown in FIG. 19 , in order to pass current into the second voice coil 231 , the second cavity cover 42 is provided with a third terminal for connecting the incoming line of the second voice coil 231 423 and the fourth terminal 424 for connecting the outlet of the second voice coil 231 .
  • setting the third terminal 423 and the fourth terminal 424 on the second chamber cover 42 can avoid occupying the internal space of the speaker, and at the same time facilitate the arrangement and adjustment of the third terminal 423 and the fourth terminal 424, and can realize the third terminal 423 and the fourth terminal 424.
  • the terminal 423 and the fourth terminal 424 are arranged on the second chamber cover 42 at optimal positions capable of being connected to the second voice coil 231 .
  • more than two sounding components can be provided, and the two or more sounding components are arranged at intervals in the lateral direction, and the first sounding units of the two or more sounding components are all arranged on one side of the common magnetic guide , the second sounding units of the two or more sounding components are all arranged on the other side of the common magnetic conducting member.
  • lateral direction refers to the direction perpendicular to the thickness direction of the speaker
  • the thickness direction of the speaker refers to the direction in which the first sound unit 1 , the common magnetic conductor 3 and the second sound unit 2 are connected.
  • more than two sounding components share a common magnetic conductive part 3, and the magnetic circuit enhancement can be realized through the shared magnetic conductive part 3 between each sounding component, so that the magnetic utilization rate can be improved to a greater extent, and then Improve product performance.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, the electronic device includes a housing and the speaker provided in any embodiment of the present application, and the speaker may be disposed in the housing. Since the loudspeaker provided by the embodiment of the present application has a smaller volume than the existing loudspeaker, it can occupy a smaller space inside the electronic device, which is beneficial to the design of a smaller electronic device and also facilitates the arrangement of more electronic devices. Devices such as sensors improve the space utilization rate inside electronic equipment.
  • the electronic device may be a terminal device such as a notebook computer, a tablet computer, a large-screen TV, a mobile phone, an earphone, and a speaker.
  • the electronic device is preferably an earphone, specifically a TWS earphone, and the speaker is packaged in a shell of the earphone.
  • the housing part of the electronic device can be provided with a front chamber and a rear chamber, and the front chamber and the rear chamber are respectively provided with a sound output channel for sound output, and the front chamber and the first front chamber and the second front chamber of the speaker
  • the cavity is communicated, and the rear cavity is communicated with the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity of the speaker.
  • the sound waves in the first front chamber and the second front chamber of the speaker can be transmitted to the front chamber of the electronic device through the sound outlet holes of the first front chamber and the second front chamber, and further pass through the outlet of the front chamber.
  • the sound channel is transmitted into the ear; similarly, the sound waves in the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity of the speaker can be transmitted to the rear cavity of the electronic device through the sound outlets of the first rear cavity and the second rear cavity, and It is further passed into the ear through the sound channel of the rear chamber.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种扬声器及电子设备，其中，该扬声器包括发声组件和共用导磁件。发声组件包括分别设置于共用导磁件两侧的两个发声单元，两个发声单元的磁体组件之间通过共用导磁件形成磁场回路。两个磁体组件产生的磁力用于驱动两个发声单元的振动组件振动。本申请提供的扬声器，两个发声单元之间能够形成一磁场回路，从而可以实现两个发声单元的磁路相互增强，增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。同时，各个发声单元通过共用导磁件可以形成为一整体结构，无需对各个发声单元进行独立封装，也无需在耳机等产品内设计用于独立封装各个发声单元的腔，从而减小了扬声器对耳机等产品内空间的占用，也可以减小产品体积。

Description

扬声器及电子设备
本申请要求于2021年07月30日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202110868910.1、申请名称为“扬声器及电子设备”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电声技术领域，尤其涉及一种扬声器及电子设备。
背景技术
现有的如耳机、电脑、手机等电子设备一般均通过内置扬声器来实现发声。扬声器的设计及其在电子设备中的布置直接关系到音质效果。其中在耳机产品方面，TWS(True Wireless Stereo，真无线立体声)耳机因其具有无佩戴感、长续航、声舒适性和极致降噪等优点成为主要的流行趋势。
现有的TWS耳机一般分为两种类型，一种是包括单振膜的扬声器，该单振膜面积较大，在空间上可以具有较大振幅，以获得更大的声压级。但是，在佩戴耳道密封场景下，单振膜的振幅受到抑制，无法发挥大振膜具有高声压级的优势，导致音质较差，且该具有单振膜的扬声器占用堆叠空间大，导致电池的布置空间缩小，难以实现长续航。
此外，为了兼顾降噪和高音质的需求，现有的TWS耳机的另一种类型是在耳机中布置多个扬声器，如布置多个高音扬声器或多个低音扬声器或高音扬声器和低音扬声器的组合等。但是，高音扬声器、低音扬声器等扬声器相互独立，分别需要单独封装，同时还要求在耳机中设计至少两个独立的腔，以将封装后的扬声器安装至对应的腔中，并对腔进行密封，由此，各扬声器的外壳封装结构及耳机内的腔的结构均占用了较大的空间，导致扬声器在实现耳机极致降噪和高音质的同时，不能兼顾小尺寸的设计。
申请内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种扬声器及电子设备，以解决上述现有TWS耳机内扬声器在实现降噪和高音质的同时不能兼顾小尺寸设计的问题。
本申请的第一方面提供了一种扬声器，其中，包括发声组件和共用导磁件。所述发声组件包括第一发声单元和第二发声单元，所述第一发声单元包括第一磁体组件和第一振动组件，所述第二发声单元包括第二磁体组件和第二振动组件。所述共用导磁件包括相对设置的两面，所述第一发声单元和所述第二发声单元分别设置于所述共用导磁件的两面。所述第一磁体组件和所述第二磁体组件通过所述共用导磁件形成闭合的磁场回路。所述第一磁体组件和所述第二磁体组件产生的磁力用于驱动所述第一振动组件和所述第二振动组件振动。
本申请提供的扬声器，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件通过共用导磁件可以形成一个闭合的磁场回路，即第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件之间形成磁力线闭环，从而可以实现两个发声单元的磁路相互增强，增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。
具体来说，闭合的磁场回路或者说磁力线闭环是指，基于第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件的磁性，存在从第一磁体组件指向第二磁铁组件的磁力线，同时，也存在从第二磁体组件指向第一磁铁组件的磁力线，从而第一磁体组件与第二磁体组件之间，就形成了循环的磁力线，即为闭合的磁场回路或者说磁力线闭环。
同时，各个发声单元通过共用导磁件可以形成为一整体结构，无需对各个发声单元进行独立封装，也无需在耳机等产品内设计用于分别独立封装各个发声单元的腔，仅需在耳机等产品内设计一个用于安装该扬声器的腔即可，从而减小了扬声器对耳机等产品内空间的占用，进而可以减小产品体积，同时还可以为安装大容量电池节省空间，实现耳机等产品的长续航能力。
此外，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件产生的磁力用于驱动第一振动组件和第二振动组件振动，由于第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件之间的磁力相互增强，可以实现对第一振动组件及第二振动组件的驱动力增大，使第一振动组件及第二振动组件的振动效果加强，从而实现了对声压级的增强。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一磁体组件包括第一外磁体和第一内磁体，所述第一外磁体环绕设置于所述第一内磁体的外围，且所述第一外磁体和所述第一内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反。所述第二磁体组件包括第二外磁体和第二内磁体，所述第二外磁体环绕设置于所述第二内磁体的外围，所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反，且所述第一内磁体与所述第二内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反，所述第一外磁体与所述第二外磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反。
由此，可以在第一外磁体、第一内磁体、共用导磁件、第二内磁体、第二外磁体之间形成磁力线闭环，即在第一发声单元和第二发声单元之间形成闭合的磁场回路，从而实现第一发声单元和第二发声单元的磁路相互增强，增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一振动组件设置于所述第一磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。第一振动组件可以在磁场回路中受洛伦兹力的作用发生振动，以使周围空气振动，进而产生声波，并传入耳内。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一振动组件包括第一音圈和第一振膜，所述第一音圈固定于所述第一振膜朝向所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第一振膜与所述第一磁体组件之间保持有间隙，该间隙可以使第一振膜具有一定的振动空间以实现发声。所述第一外磁体和所述第一内磁体之间形成有第一磁间隙，所述第一音圈至少部分悬置于所述第一磁间隙中。第一音圈中通入交流电后，可以带动第一振膜反复振动，从而能够压缩第一振膜不同侧的空气，产生声波，并进一步传入耳内形成能够听到的声音。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一发声单元还包括第一导磁件，所述第一导磁件设置于所述第一磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。所述第二发声单元还包括第二导磁件，所述第二导磁件设置于所述第二磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。
通过设置第一导磁件和第二导磁件，可以将更多的磁力线聚集在第一振动组件和第二振动组件位置处，从而可以增强对各振动组件的驱动力，从而提升声压级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一导磁件包括第一外导磁件和第一内导磁件，所述 第一外导磁件固定于所述第一外磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端，所述第一内导磁件固定于所述第一内磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端。所述第二导磁件包括第二外导磁件和第二内导磁件，所述第二外导磁件固定于所述第二外磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端，所述第二内导磁件固定于所述第二内磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端。
通过设置第一外导磁件和第一内导磁件，可以使位于第一外磁体和第一内磁体之间的较多的磁力线集中于第一外导磁件和第一内导磁件之间，提升了磁通密度，进而可以使第一音圈所受洛伦兹力提高，第一音圈振幅增大，第一振膜振幅相应增大，由此产生的声波强度显著提高，使扬声器的灵敏度大幅度的提高。同样地，第二外导磁件和第二内导磁件可以使位于第二外磁体和第二内磁体之间的较多的磁力线集中于第二外导磁件和第二内导磁件之间，也能够带来与第一外导磁件和第一内导磁件同样的效果，对此不再赘述。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二振动组件设置于所述第二磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。第二振动组件在磁场回路中受洛伦兹力的作用发生振动，以使周围空气振动，进而产生声波，并传入耳内。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈固定于所述第二振膜朝向所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第二振膜与所述第二磁体组件之间保持有间隙，该间隙可以使第二振膜具有一定的振动空间以实现发声。所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间形成有第二磁间隙，所述第二音圈部分伸入至所述第二磁间隙中。第二音圈通电后，可以带动第二振膜同步反复振动，从而能够压缩第二振膜不同侧的空气，产生声波，并进一步传入耳内形成能够听到的声音。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈蚀刻于所述第二振膜朝向所述第二磁体组件的一侧。所述第二外磁体的内壁面抵接于所述第二内磁体的外壁面，所述第二音圈在厚度方向上的投影覆盖于所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体的配合位置，且所述第二音圈与所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间保持有振动间隙。
通过使第二外磁体与第二内磁体之间无缝隙，可以使较多的磁力线在第二外磁体和第二内磁体接触位置的上表面分布，该上表面为第二外磁体和第二内磁体远离共用导磁件一侧的表面，无需设置第二外导磁件和第二内导磁件，从而可以简化扬声器的组装工艺，同时还可以减小扬声器的整体厚度，相对于现有双单元扬声器，整体厚度可以减小10％。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二振膜为平面形状，所述第二音圈蚀刻于所述第二振膜背离所述第二磁体组件的一侧，使第二音圈能够平铺于具有平面形状的第二振膜，可以减小第二振膜和第二音圈组装后的整体厚度尺寸，同时减小了重量，能够得到最好的高频响应。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈位于所述第二振膜朝向所述第二磁体组件的一侧。所述第二音圈包括至少一层的线圈层，所述线圈层由导线在平面内绕制而成，所述平面平行于所述共用导磁件。所述第二外磁体的内壁面抵接于所述第二内磁体的外壁面，所述第二音圈在厚度方向上的投影覆盖于所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体的配合位置，且所述第二音圈与所述第 二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间保持有振动间隙。
通过使第二音圈包括至少一层由导线绕制而成的线圈层，可以使音圈的整体质量较轻，结构强度好。
其中，由导线绕制而成的线圈层也可以分别位于第二振膜的两侧，使第二振膜的两侧均设置有第二音圈，以提升第二音圈带动第二振膜的振动效果。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一内导磁件和所述第一振动组件之间的距离大于所述第二内导磁件和所述第二振动组件之间的距离。在第一发声单元中，第一振动组件与第一内导磁件之间具有相对较大的空间，以实现低音单元的音频带宽能够向中低频拓展，而在第二发声单元中，第二振动组件与第二内导磁之间具有相对较小的空间，以实现高频单元的音频带宽能够向高频拓展。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一内磁体和所述第一外磁体均为磁材料；或所述第一内磁体和所述第一外磁体中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料。所述第二内磁体和所述第二外磁体均为磁材料；或所述第二内磁体和所述第二外磁体中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料。上述组合均可以形成第一发声单元和第二发声单元之间的磁路循环，从而可以使选材更灵活。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一发声单元还包括第一腔盖和支架。所述第一腔盖固定于所述第一振动组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第一腔盖与所述第一振动组件之间形成第一前腔，所述第一腔盖上设置有与所述第一前腔连通的第二出音孔。所述第一振动组件与所述共用导磁件之间形成第一后腔，所述支架固定于所述第一外磁体，所述支架上设置有与所述第一后腔连通的第一出音孔，所述第一出音孔与所述第二出音孔的声音传递路径分隔。
其中，第一振动组件可以实现第一前腔和第一后腔的隔离，从而可以使与第一前腔连通的第二出音孔和与第一后腔连通的第一出音孔的声音传递路径隔离，避免了由第一出音孔传出的声音和由第二出音孔传出的声音交汇后发生声短路。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一振动组件固定于所述支架上背离所述第一外磁体的一侧。从而可以便于第一振动组件的安装，同时保证对第一振动组件支撑固定的可靠性。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二发声单元还包括第二腔盖，所述第二腔盖固定罩设于所述第二振动组件、所述第二外磁体和所述共用导磁件的外部，且所述第二腔盖与所述第二振动组件之间形成第二前腔，所述第二振动组件与所述共用导磁件之间形成第二后腔。所述第二腔盖上设置有与所述第二前腔连通的第三出音孔和与所述第二后腔连通的第四出音孔，所述第三出音孔与所述第四出音孔的声音传递路径分隔。
第二振动组件可以实现第二前腔和第二后腔的隔离，从而可以使与第二前腔连通的第三出音孔和与第二后腔连通的第四出音孔的声音传递路径隔离，避免了由第三出音孔传出的声音和由第四出音孔传出的声音交汇后发生声短路。
在一种可能的设计中，所述发声组件设置有两个以上，两个以上的所述发声组件在横向间隔排布，且两个以上的所述发声组件的第一发声单元均设置于所述共用导磁件的一面，两个以上的所述发声组件的第二发声单元均设置于所述共用导磁件的另一面。两个以上的发声组件均共用一个共用导磁件，各个发声组件之间均能够通过共用 导磁件实现磁路增强，从而能够更大程度地提升磁利用率，进而提升产品性能。
本申请的第二方面还提供了一种电子设备，其包括外壳件和本申请第一方面提供的扬声器，所述扬声器设置于所述外壳件内。
本申请提供的扬声器具有相对于现有扬声器更小的体积，可以占用电子设备内部较小的空间，有利于设计更小体积的电子设备，也有利于在电子设备中布置更多的传感器等器件，提升电子设备内部的空间利用率。
在一种可能的设计中，所述电子设备为耳机，所述扬声器封装于所述耳机的外壳件内。
在一种可能的设计中，所述外壳件设置有前腔室和后腔室，所述前腔室和所述后腔室分别设置有出音通道，所述前腔室与所述扬声器的第一前腔和第二前腔连通，所述后腔室与所述扬声器的第一后腔和第二后腔连通。
其中，扬声器的第一前腔和第二前腔内的声波可以通过第一前腔和第二前腔的出音孔传入至电子设备的前腔室，并进一步通过前腔室的出音通道传入耳内；同样地，扬声器的第一后腔和第二后腔内的声波可以通过第一后腔和第二后腔的出音孔传入至电子设备的后腔室，并进一步通过后腔室的出音通道传入耳内。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中耳机的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的主视图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的侧视图；
图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图；
图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图；
图6为第一发声单元和第二发声单元通过共用导磁件组装的示意图；
图7为第一发声单元和第二发声单元的磁力线循环方向示意图；
图8为图2的仰视图；
图9为图8中在C-C方向的剖视图；
图10为图8中在D-D方向的剖视图；
图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图；
图12为压力场频率响应曲线图；
图13为人工耳频率响应曲线图；
图14为另一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图；
图15为又一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图；
图16为又一种实施方式中第二线圈和第二振膜的示意图；
图17为三种实施方式的压力场频率响应曲线对比图；
图18为图8的后视图；
图19为图3的后视图。
附图标记：
100-外壳
200-扬声器
300-前腔
400-后腔
1-第一发声单元；
11-第一外磁体；
12-第一内磁体；
13-第一振动组件；
131-第一音圈；
132-第一振膜；
14-第一外导磁件；
15-第一内导磁件；
16-支架；
161-第一出音孔；
162-第一端子；
163-第二端子；
17-第一磁间隙；
18-第一前腔；
19-第一后腔；
2-第二发声单元；
21-第二外磁体；
22-第二内磁体；
221-配合位置；
23-第二振动组件；
231-第二音圈；
232-第二振膜；
24-第二外导磁件；
25-第二内导磁件；
26-第二磁间隙；
27-第二前腔；
28-第二后腔；
29-振动间隙；
3-共用导磁件；
4-外壳；
41-第一腔盖；
411-第二出音孔；
42-第二腔盖；
421-第三出音孔；
422-第四出音孔；
423-第三端子；
424-第四端子。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本申请进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本申请，并不用于限定本申请。
在本申请的描述中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性；除非另有规定或说明，术语“多个”是指两个或两个以上；术语“连接”、“固定”等均应做广义理解，例如，“连接”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接，或电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
本说明书的描述中，需要理解的是，本申请实施例所描述的“上”、“下”等方位词是以附图所示的角度来进行描述的，不应理解为对本申请实施例的限定。此外，在上下文中，还需要理解的是，当提到一个元件连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”时，其不仅能够直接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”，也可以通过中间元件间接连接在另一个元件“上”或者“下”。
如图2至图19所示，本申请提供了一种扬声器，该扬声器可应用于笔记本电脑、平板电脑、大屏电视、手机、耳机、音箱等终端设备小型化或薄型化场景下的音频播放设备。该电子设备包括外壳件和扬声器，扬声器设置于外壳件内。外壳件上通常设置有出音通道，扬声器发出的声音可以通过出音通道对外传入人耳。本申请优选以扬声器应用于耳机为例进行说明，即扬声器封装于耳机的外壳件内。
图1为现有技术中耳机的示意图，如图1所示，现有的耳机一般包括外壳100和扬声器200，扬声器200集成于外壳100的内部。外壳100中通常设置有前腔300和后腔400，扬声器设置于外壳100内后可以配合密封胶等密封件将前腔300和后腔400隔离，扬声器200上设置有前出音孔和后出音孔，其中前出音孔与前腔300连通，后出音孔与后腔400连通，从而形成耳机的前出声道和后出声道，实现将扬声器发出的声音传入耳内。
其中，扬声器一般包括振膜、音圈和磁路系统，音圈与振膜固定相连，当音频功率施加于扬声器时，音圈在磁路系统中受到洛伦兹力的作用而往复运动，从而带动振膜振动，振膜的振动可以实现周围空气的振动，进而产生声音并传入人耳。
现有耳机一般分为两种类型，一种是包括单振膜的扬声器，如图1所示的现有技术中耳机的剖视图，该单振膜具有较大的面积，可以在空间上具有较大振幅，从而能够获得较大的声压级。但是，在佩戴耳道密封场景下，由于耳道空间受限，单振膜振动时会受到耳道内气压的阻力，导致单振膜的振幅受到抑制，无法发挥大振膜具有高声压级的优势，进而造成音质较差。同时，该具有单振膜的扬声器由于振膜面积较大， 扬声器整体设计尺寸相应也较大，导致占用耳机内堆叠空间大，进而导致电池的布置空间缩小，难以实现长续航。
此外，为了兼顾降噪和高音质的需求，现有耳机的另一种类型是在耳机中布置多个扬声器，如布置多个高音扬声器或多个低音扬声器或高音扬声器和低音扬声器的组合等。但是，高音扬声器、低音扬声器等扬声器相互独立，分别需要单独封装，同时还要求在耳机中设计至少两个独立的腔，以将封装后的扬声器安装至对应的腔中，并对腔进行密封，由此，各扬声器的外壳封装结构及耳机内的腔的结构均占用了较大的空间，导致扬声器在实现耳机极致降噪和高音质的同时，不能兼顾小尺寸的设计。
为此，本实施例提供了一种扬声器，该扬声器包括发声组件和共用导磁件3，发声组件包括两个发声单元，该两个发声单元分别设置于共用导磁件3的两侧，且两个发声单元的磁体之间可以通过共用导磁件3形成闭合的磁场回路，该磁场回路可以实现对两个发声单元磁力的增强，从而可以使扬声器内音圈的驱动力增大，进而增强声压级。同时，两个发声单元还可以通过共用导磁件结合为一体，无需单独封装，从而也可以减小扬声器的体积。
具体地，图2为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的主视图，图3为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的侧视图，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，如图2至图5所示，该扬声器包括发声组件和共用导磁件3。发声组件包括第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2，第一发声单元1包括第一磁体组件和第一振动组件13，第二发声单元2包括第二磁体组件和第二振动组件23。共用导磁件3包括相对设置的两面，第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2分别设置于共用导磁件3的两面，该两面为共用导磁件3上与第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件之间的磁力线垂直的表面。
其中，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件通过共用导磁件3形成闭合的磁场回路。本申请中，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件能够产生磁力，且在其周围形成磁场，磁场分布可以通过磁力线来描绘，即磁铁内部的磁力线是由S极指向N极，两个磁铁相互吸引的一侧的磁力线为N极指向S极。对于现有集成了多个扬声器的耳机，每个扬声器均具有各自的磁场回路，但由于各个扬声器单独封装并安装至耳机中，各个扬声器的磁场回路相互独立，不能相互增强。而本申请中，图6为第一发声单元和第二发声单元通过共用导磁件组装的示意图，图7为第一发声单元和第二发声单元的磁力线循环方向示意图，如图6和图7所示，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反，使第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件通过共用导磁件3可以形成一个闭合的磁场回路，即第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件之间形成磁力线闭环，从而可以实现两个发声单元的磁路相互增强，增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。
具体来说，闭合的磁场回路或者说磁力线闭环是指，基于第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件的磁性，存在从第一磁体组件指向第二磁铁组件的磁力线，同时，也存在从第二磁体组件指向第一磁铁组件的磁力线，从而第一磁体组件与第二磁体组件之间，就形成了循环的磁力线，即为闭合的磁场回路或者说磁力线闭环。
同时，各个发声单元通过共用导磁件3可以形成为一整体结构，无需对各个发声单元进行独立封装，也无需在耳机等产品内设计用于分别独立封装各个发声单元的腔， 仅需在耳机等产品内设计一个用于安装该扬声器的腔即可，从而减小了扬声器对耳机等产品内空间的占用，进而可以减小产品体积，同时还可以为安装大容量电池节省空间，实现耳机等产品的长续航能力。
此外，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件产生的磁力用于驱动第一振动组件13和第二振动组件23振动，由于第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件之间的磁力相互增强，可以实现对第一振动组件13及第二振动组件23的驱动力增大，使第一振动组件13及第二振动组件23的振动效果加强，从而实现了对声压级的增强。
其中，该共用导磁件3可以是由导磁材料制备而成的板状结构，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件可以通过胶粘等方式固定于共用导磁件3。需要说明的是，第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2可以相同，也可以不同，此两个单元中的一个可以为低音单元，另一个可以为高音单元，也可以两个均为低音单元或两个均为高音单元。其中，低音单元的音频带宽集中在中低频，具有良好的降噪效果，高音单元的带宽集中在高频，可以实现较高的音质，通过低音单元和高音单元的配合可以同时实现耳机的极致降噪和高音质的性能。因此，本实施例中，优选的是，第一发声单元1为低音单元，第二发声单元2为高音单元。第一发声单元1靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极与第二发声单元2靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反，从而可以使第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2之间形成磁场回路，使两个单元的磁路相互增强，从而增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。同时，本实施例由第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2构成的双单元扬声器相对于现有最小的双单元扬声器而言，体积可以进一步减小16％，且相对于具有单振膜的扬声器而言，本实施例的双单元扬声器可以使其带宽得到显著拓展，同时实现耳机的极致降噪和高音质的性能。
作为一种具体的实现方式，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，如图4和图5所示，第一磁体组件包括第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12，第一外磁体11环绕设置于第一内磁体12的外围，且第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12在朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反。第二磁体组件包括第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22，第二外磁体21环绕设置于第二内磁体22的外围，第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22在朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反，第一外磁体11与第二外磁体21在朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反。
当第一外磁体11靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为S极时，第一内磁体12靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为N极；当第一外磁体11靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为N极时，第一内磁体12靠近共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为S极。第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12的极性具体可以根据扬声器的实际设计需求而设置。本实施例中，由于第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12在朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极相反，使第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12内部的磁力线方向与第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12外部的磁力线方向相同。
图6为第一发声单元和第二发声单元通过共用导磁件组装的示意图，如图6所示，当第二外磁体21朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为N极时，第二内磁体22朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为S极，第一外磁体11朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为S极，第一内磁体12朝向共用导磁件3一侧的磁极为N极，由此，第一发声单元1和第二发声单 元2的磁力线的方向依次经过第一外磁体11、第一内磁体12、共用导磁件3、第二内磁体22、第二外磁体21、共用导磁件3和第一外磁体11，由此形成磁力线闭环，即在第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2之间形成磁场回路，从而实现第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2的磁路相互增强，增强了磁利用率，提升了产品性能。
作为一种具体的实现方式，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，如图4所示，第一振动组件13设置于第一磁体组件远离共用导磁件3的一侧，第一振动组件13在磁场回路中受洛伦兹力的作用发生振动，以使周围空气振动，进而产生声波，并传入耳内。
具体地，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图9为图8中在C-C方向的剖视图，图10为图8中在D-D方向的剖视图，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，如图4、图5、图9、图10和图11所示，第一振动组件13包括第一音圈131和第一振膜132，第一音圈131固定于第一振膜132朝向共用导磁件3的一侧，且第一振膜132与第一磁体组件之间保持有间隙，该间隙可以使第一振膜132具有一定的振动空间以实现发声。第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12之间形成有第一磁间隙17，第一音圈131至少部分悬置于第一磁间隙17中。当第一音圈131中通入交流电时，会产生磁场反应，使第一音圈131振动切割磁力线，第一音圈131可以带动第一振膜132同步反复振动，从而能够压缩第一振膜132不同侧的空气，产生声波，并进一步传入耳内形成能够听到的声音。
其中，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，如图11所示，该第一音圈131为环形筒状结构，且第一音圈131在其中心线延伸的方向上具有较大的长度，从而可以在垂直于第一内磁体12和第一外磁体11之间磁力线的方向上具有较大的面积，以接收更多的磁力线，从而能够增强磁利用率，提升产品性能。
作为一种具体的实现方式，第一发声单元1还包括第一导磁件，第一导磁件设置于第一磁体组件远离共用导磁件的一侧，第二发声单元2还包括第二导磁件，第二导磁件设置于第二磁体组件远离共用导磁件的一侧。该第一导磁件和第二导磁件，第一磁体组件和第二磁体组件外部的磁力线呈辐射状，部分磁力线不能被第一振动组件13和第二振动组件23利用。而通过设置第一导磁件和第二导磁件，可以将更多的磁力线聚集在第一振动组件13和第二振动组件23位置处，从而可以增强对各振动组件的驱动力，从而提升声压级。具体地，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图9为图8中在C-C方向的剖视图，图10为图8中在D-D方向的剖视图，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，如图4、图5、图9、图10和图11所示，第一导磁件包括第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15，第一外导磁件14固定于第一外磁体11远离共用导磁件3的一端，第一内导磁件15固定于第一内磁体12远离共用导磁件3的一端。第二导磁件包括第二外导磁件24和第二内导磁件25，第二外导磁件24固定于第二外磁体21远离共用导磁件3的一端，第二内导磁件25固定于第二内磁体22远离共用导磁件3的一端。
可以理解的是，第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15之间也保持有间隙，第一音圈131可以从第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15之间伸入至第一磁间隙17中。
需要说明的是，图7为第一发声单元和第二发声单元的磁力线循环方向示意图， 如图7所示，位于第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12外部的磁力线部分呈辐射状，仅一部分磁力线从第一外磁体11指向第一内磁体12，而其它磁力线则扩散至空气中，不能被利用。为此，本实施例中，通过设置第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15，可以使位于第一外磁体11和第一内磁体12之间的较多的磁力线集中于第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15之间，提升了磁通密度，进而可以使第一音圈131所受洛伦兹力提高，第一音圈131振幅增大，第一振膜132振幅相应增大，由此产生的声波强度显著提高，使扬声器的灵敏度大幅度的提高。同样地，第二外导磁件24和第二内导磁件25可以使位于第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22之间的较多的磁力线集中于第二外导磁件24和第二内导磁件25之间，该第二外导磁件24和第二内导磁件25的作用与第一外导磁件14和第一内导磁件15的作用相同，均是为了聚集磁力线，提升磁利用率，对此不再赘述。
作为一种具体的实现方式，第二振动组件23设置于第二磁体组件远离共用导磁件3的一侧，第二振动组件23在磁场回路中受洛伦兹力的作用发生振动，以使周围空气振动，进而产生声波，并传入耳内。
具体地，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图10为图8中在D-D方向的剖视图，如图4、图5和图10所示，第二振动组件23包括第二音圈231和第二振膜232，第二音圈231固定于第二振膜232朝向共用导磁件3的一侧，且第二振膜232与第二磁体组件之间保持有间隙，该间隙可以使第二振膜232具有一定的振动空间以实现发声。第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22之间形成有第二磁间隙26，第二音圈231至少部分悬置于第二磁间隙26中。当第二音圈231中通入交流电时，会产生磁场反应，使第二音圈231振动切割磁力线，第二音圈231可以带动第二振膜232同步反复振动，从而能够压缩第二振膜232不同侧的空气，产生声波，并进一步传入耳内形成能够听到的声音。
需要说明的是，第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2可以具有相同的结构，且相对于共用导磁件3镜像布置，当然也可以具有不同的结构，如第一发声单元1为低音单元，第二发声单元2为高音单元，或者第一发声单元1为高音单元，第二发声单元2为低音单元等。本实施例中，以第一发声单元1为低音单元且第二发声单元2为高音单元为例进行说明。
其中，对于高音单元，第二振动组件与第二内导磁件25之间的距离小于第二振动组件23与第一内导磁件15之间的距离。即在第一发声单元1中，第一振动组件13与第一内导磁件15之间具有相对较大的空间，以实现低音单元的音频带宽能够向中低频拓展，而在第二发声单元2中，第二振动组件23与第二内导磁件25之间具有相对较小的空间，以实现高频单元的音频带宽能够向高频拓展。
在一种实现方式中，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图10为图8中在D-D方向的剖视图，如图4、图5和图10所示，第二振动组件23包括第二音圈231和第二振膜232，第二音圈231固定于第二振膜232朝向第二磁体组件的一侧。第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22之间形成有第二磁间隙26，第二音圈231部分伸入至第二磁间隙26中。
当第二音圈231中通入交流电时，会产生磁场反应，使第二音圈231振动切割磁 力线，第二音圈231可以带动第二振膜232同步反复振动，从而能够压缩第二振膜232不同侧的空气，产生声波，并进一步传入耳内形成能够听到的声音。
图12为压力场频率响应曲线图，如图12所示，相对于仅具有低音单元的扬声器或仅具有高音单元的扬声器，本实施例具有高低音双单元的扬声器在相同的频率条件下，高音和低音的声压级均有明显提升，也就是说，本实施例具有高低音双单元的扬声器可以实现低音单元和高音单元同时拓展带宽，即低音单元向低频拓展带宽，高音单元向高频拓展带宽。图13为人工耳频率响应曲线，如图13所示，相对于单振膜扬声器，本实施例具有高低音双单元的扬声器在相同的频率条件下，可以具有更高的声压级，声压级平均提升5.3dB，从而增强了听音效果。
在另一种实现方式中，图14为另一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，如图14所示，第二振动组件23包括第二音圈231和第二振膜232，第二音圈231通过蚀刻工艺固定于第二振膜232朝向第二磁体组件的一侧，第二外磁体21的内壁面抵接于第二内磁体22的外壁面，第二音圈231在其厚度方向上的投影覆盖于第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22的配合位置221，且第二音圈231与第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22之间保持有振动间隙29。其中，第二音圈231的厚度方向为平行于经过第二音圈231的磁力线的方向的尺寸。
本实施例中，由于第二外磁体21的内壁面与第二内磁体22的外壁面相互抵接，从而使第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22之间无缝隙，第二音圈231无需伸入至第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22之间，而是与第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22的配合位置221对齐，该第二音圈231与第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22的配合位置221相对齐的位置为第二音圈231在其厚度方向上的投影能够覆盖第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22的配合位置221的位置处，从而可以在与该配合位置221相对的位置处切割第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22之间的磁力线，其中，该配合位置221为第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22相互抵接的位置。
需要说明的是，由于第二外磁体21与第二内磁体22之间无缝隙，可以使较多的磁力线在第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22接触位置的上表面分布，该上表面为第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22远离共用导磁件3一侧的表面，无需设置第二外导磁件24和第二内导磁件25，从而可以简化扬声器的组装工艺，同时还可以减小扬声器的整体厚度，相对于现有双单元扬声器，整体厚度可以减小10％。此外，通过使第二音圈231与第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22之间保持有振动间隙29，可以为第二音圈231和第二振膜232的振动提供空间，以实现发声。
其中，第二音圈231包括至少一层的线圈层，线圈层由导线在平面内绕制而成，且该平面平行于共用导磁件3。其中，线圈层在轴向上可以具有一层、两层或多层，具体层数可以根据切割磁力线的能力进行设置，而由线圈构成的音圈整体质量较轻，结构强度好。该第二音圈231可以整体通过胶粘等方式固定于第二振膜232。该线圈层可以为圆环形、椭圆环形等。其中，由导线绕制而成的线圈层也可以分别位于第二振膜232的两侧，使第二振膜232的两侧均设置有第二音圈231，以提升第二音圈231带动第二振膜232的振动效果。
为了使第二音圈231具有良好的导电效果同时实现轻量化，线圈层的材质可以为 铜、铝或金属合金。
在又一种实现方式中，需要说明的是，第二振膜232可以包括球顶和折环，折环环绕设置于球顶周围，且凸出于球顶表面，这在振膜厚度方向上占用较大空间，同时音圈一般通过胶固定于振膜，也会造成空间的占用，且胶的使用也会增加组件重量，影响高频响应。为此，本实施例中，图15为又一种实施方式在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图16为又一种实施方式中第二线圈和第二振膜的示意图，如图15和图16所示，第二音圈231和第二振膜232均为平面形状，且第二音圈231采用刻蚀工艺形成于第二振膜232的一侧或两侧。该第二音圈231由铜线、铝线等在平面内绕制而成，形成环形的金属线圈结构，且在径向方向上均匀绕制有多圈，该径向方向为第二音圈231由外到内延伸的方向，使第二音圈231在第二振膜232上具有较大的面积，当该第二音圈231设置于与第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22的配合位置221相对应的位置处时，第二音圈231所在平面与第二外磁体21和第二内磁体22充磁方向垂直，从而可以使第二音圈231受到更大的范围的洛伦兹力，提升了磁利用率。由此，本实施例中，第二音圈231平铺于具有平面形状的第二振膜232，可以减小第二振膜232和第二音圈231组装后的整体厚度尺寸，同时减小了重量，能够得到最好的高频响应。
其中，第二音圈231通过蚀刻工艺形成于第二振膜232，从而取消了对将第二音圈231粘结于第二振膜232的胶的使用，极大程度地降低了第二音圈231和第二振膜232组装后的重量，优化了扬声器的高频响应。
图17为三种实施方式中的压力场频率响应曲线对比图，如图17所示，上述三种实施方式中的扬声器均具有较好的频率响应。其中，图17所示的“一种实施方式”中的磁利用效率最高，可以得到最高的全频响应，图17所示的“另一种实施方式”和“又一种实施方式”均具有较好的高频响应，其中，图17所示的“又一种实施方式”的高频响应最好。
作为一种具体的实现方式，第一内磁体12和第一外磁体11均为磁材料；或第一内磁体12和第一外磁体11中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料。第二内磁体22和第二外磁体21均为磁材料；或第二内磁体22和第二外磁体21中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料。该磁材料可以为磁铁，导磁材料可以为但不限于碳钢、硅钢片、纯铁等。上述组合均可以形成第一发声单元1和第二发声单元2之间的磁路循环。
作为一种具体的实现方式，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图8为图2的仰视图，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，图18为图8的后视图，如图4、图5、图8、图11和图18所示，第一发声单元1还包括第一腔盖41和支架16，第一腔盖41固定于第一振动组件13远离共用导磁件3的一侧，且第一腔盖41与第一振动组件13之间形成第一前腔18，第一腔盖41上设置有与第一前腔18连通的第二出音孔411。第一振动组件13与共用导磁件3之间形成第一后腔19，支架16固定于第一外磁体11，支架16上设置有与第一后腔19连通的第一出音孔161，第一出音孔161与第二出音孔411的声音传递路径分隔，以避免声短路。
可以理解的是，在扬声器安装至耳机中后，耳机中通常会形成有相互隔离的前腔室和后腔室，该扬声器的第一前腔18能够通过第二出音孔411与耳机的前腔室连通， 以形成前出音通道，将声音传递至耳内；第一后腔19能够通过第一出音孔161与耳机的后腔室连通，以形成后出音通道，将声音传递至耳内。
需要说明的是，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，如图4和图5所示，第一前腔18和第一后腔19位于第一振膜132的两侧，第一振膜132振动时可以对第一前腔18和第一后腔19中的空气交替压缩，这会导致第一前腔18中的声波和第一后腔19中的声波的相位相反，当第一前腔18中的声波和第一后腔19中的声波相遇时会发生抵消的效果，造成声短路。为此，本实施例中，第一振动组件13中的第一振膜132可以实现第一前腔18和第一后腔19的隔离，从而可以使与第一前腔18连通的第二出音孔411和与第一后腔19连通的第一出音孔161的声音传递路径隔离，避免了由第一出音孔161传出的声音和由第二出音孔411传出的声音交汇后发生声短路。
其中，图8为图2的仰视图，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，图18为图8的后视图，如图8、图11和图18所示，该第一出音孔161可以设置于支架16的侧壁，且可以在支架16相对的两侧面分别开设有一个第一出音孔161，两个第一出音孔161均与第一后腔19连通，以提升出音效果。
此外，图11为本申请实施例提供的扬声器的爆炸图，如图11所示，支架16的一侧与第一外磁体11固定相连，支架16上背离第一外磁体11的一侧与第一振动组件13固定相连。从而可以便于第一振动组件13的安装，同时保证对第一振动组件13支撑固定的可靠性。具体地，第一振膜132的边缘可以通过胶粘等方式固定在支架16上。
此外，图19为图3的后视图，如图19所示，为了向第一音圈131中通入电流，该支架16上可以设置有用于连接第一音圈131进线的第一端子162和用于连接第一音圈131出线的第二端子163，其中，将第一端子162和第二端子163设置于支架16，可以避免对扬声器内部空间的占用，同时便于第一端子162和第二端子163的布置和调整，能够实现将第一端子162和第二端子163设置于支架16上能够与第一音圈131相连的最优位置。
作为一种具体的实现方式，图4为一种实施方式中在图2中在A-A方向的剖视图，图5为图3中在B-B方向的剖视图，图8为图2的仰视图，图18为图8的后视图，如图4、图5、图8和图18所示，第二发声单元还包括第二腔盖42，该第二腔盖42和第一腔盖41共同形成该扬声器的外壳4，第二腔盖42固定罩设于第二振动组件23、第二外磁体21和共用导磁件3的外部。其中，第二腔盖42将第二振动组件23、第二外磁体21和共用导磁件3罩设于其中后，可以固定于第一外磁体11，具体可以通过胶粘等方式固定于第一外磁体11。
此外，该第二腔盖42与第二振动组件23之间形成第二前腔27，同时，第二振动组件23与共用导磁件3之间形成第二后腔28。第二腔盖42上设置有与第二前腔27连通的第三出音孔421和与第二后腔28连通的第四出音孔422，第三出音孔421与第四出音孔422的声音传递路径分隔。其中，第二前腔27和第二后腔28通过第二振动组件23隔离为两个独立的腔，第三出音孔421与第二前腔27连通，第四出音孔422与第二后腔28连通，第二振动组件23振动时可以分别压缩第二前腔27和第二后腔28的空气并产生声波，并进一步通过第三出音孔421和第四出音孔422传入耳内。
需要说明的是，第二前腔27和第二后腔28位于第二振膜232的两侧，第二振膜232振动时可以对第二前腔27和第二后腔28中的空气交替压缩，这会导致第二前腔27中的声波和第二后腔28中的声波的相位相反，当第二前腔27中的声波和第二后腔28中的声波相遇时会发生抵消的效果，造成声短路。为此，本实施例中，第二振动组件23中的第二振膜232可以实现第二前腔27和第二后腔28的隔离，从而可以使与第二前腔27连通的第三出音孔421和与第二后腔28连通的第四出音孔422的声音传递路径隔离，避免了由第三出音孔421传出的声音和由第四出音孔422传出的声音交汇后发生声短路。
此外，在一种实施例中，在第二外磁体21远离共用导磁件3的一端设置有第二外导磁件24，该第二外导磁件24可以被第二腔盖42罩设于其中，第二外导磁件24上可以设置有开孔，第四出音孔422设置于第二腔盖42的侧壁，且第四出音孔422的位置与第二外导磁件24上的开孔位置对齐，从而可以使第二后腔28与第四出音孔422连通，便于声音输出。其中，图8为图2的仰视图，图18为图8的后视图，如图8和图18所示，第四出音孔422与第一出音孔161位于该扬声器的同侧，在扬声器安装至耳机中后，第四出音孔422与第一出音孔161可以同时与耳机的前腔室或后腔室连通，实现声音的输出。
其中，当第二出音孔411和第三出音孔421朝向耳机等终端设备的前腔室方向时，第一出音孔161和第四出音孔422则朝向耳机等终端设备的后腔室方向；当第二出音孔411和第三出音孔421朝向耳机等终端设备的后腔室方向时，第一出音孔161和第四出音孔422则朝向耳机等终端设备的前腔室方向。具体可以根据耳机内部的空间结构及出音方向来调整扬声器的安装方向，以使扬声器的各出音孔能够与耳机上的出音通道达到最佳的匹配效果。该扬声器的形状可以为长方体、正方体或其他形状，本实施例中优选为长方体，该长方体的扬声器可以以其长边延伸的方向(耳机的Z向)为安装方向安装至耳机中；当然，如果受耳机内结构空间的限制，还可以以扬声器短边延伸的方向为安装方向安装至耳机中，由此可以节省耳机的Z向空间。其中，第二出音孔411、第三出音孔421及第一出音孔161和第四出音孔422均用于声音的出口或调制声音的出口。在实际应用中，第二出音孔411和第三出音孔421需要与第一出音孔161和第四出音孔422完全或一定程度的隔离。
此外，图19为图3的后视图，如图19所示，为了向第二音圈231中通入电流，第二腔盖42上设置有用于连接第二音圈231进线的第三端子423和用于连接第二音圈231出线的第四端子424。其中，将第三端子423和第四端子424设置于第二腔盖42，可以避免对扬声器内部空间的占用，同时便于第三端子423和第四端子424的布置和调整，能够实现将第三端子423和第四端子424设置于第二腔盖42上能够与第二音圈231相连的最优位置。
作为一种具体的实现方式，发声组件可以设置有两个以上，两个以上的发声组件在横向间隔排布，且两个以上的发声组件的第一发声单元均设置于共用导磁件的一面，两个以上的发声组件的第二发声单元均设置于共用导磁件的另一面。其中，上述“横向”是指垂直于扬声器厚度方向的方向，扬声器厚度方向是指第一发声单元1、共用导磁件3和第二发声单元2相连接的方向。本实施例中，两个以上的发声组件均共用 一个共用导磁件3，各个发声组件之间均能够通过共用导磁件3实现磁路增强，从而能够更大程度地提升磁利用率，进而提升产品性能。
本申请实施例还提供了一种电子设备，该电子设备包括外壳件和本申请任意实施例提供的扬声器，扬声器可以设置于外壳件内。由于本申请实施例提供的扬声器具有相对于现有扬声器更小的体积，可以占用电子设备内部较小的空间，有利于设计更小体积的电子设备，也有利于在电子设备中布置更多的传感器等器件，提升电子设备内部的空间利用率。
该电子设备可以为笔记本电脑、平板电脑、大屏电视、手机、耳机、音箱等终端设备。本实施例中，电子设备优选为耳机，具体为TWS耳机，该扬声器封装于耳机的外壳件内。
其中，电子设备的外壳件可以设置有前腔室和后腔室，前腔室和后腔室分别设置有用于声音输出的出音通道，前腔室与扬声器的第一前腔和第二前腔连通，后腔室与扬声器的第一后腔和第二后腔连通。具体地，扬声器的第一前腔和第二前腔内的声波可以通过第一前腔和第二前腔的出音孔传入至电子设备的前腔室，并进一步通过前腔室的出音通道传入耳内；同样地，扬声器的第一后腔和第二后腔内的声波可以通过第一后腔和第二后腔的出音孔传入至电子设备的后腔室，并进一步通过后腔室的出音通道传入耳内。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种扬声器，其特征在于，包括：
    发声组件，所述发声组件包括第一发声单元和第二发声单元，所述第一发声单元包括第一磁体组件和第一振动组件，所述第二发声单元包括第二磁体组件和第二振动组件；
    共用导磁件，所述共用导磁件包括相对设置的两面，所述第一发声单元和所述第二发声单元分别设置于所述共用导磁件的两面；
    所述第一磁体组件和所述第二磁体组件通过所述共用导磁件形成闭合的磁场回路；
    所述第一磁体组件和所述第二磁体组件产生的磁力用于驱动所述第一振动组件和所述第二振动组件振动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一磁体组件包括第一外磁体和第一内磁体，所述第一外磁体环绕设置于所述第一内磁体的外围，且所述第一外磁体和所述第一内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反；
    所述第二磁体组件包括第二外磁体和第二内磁体，所述第二外磁体环绕设置于所述第二内磁体的外围，所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反，且所述第一内磁体与所述第二内磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反，所述第一外磁体与所述第二外磁体在朝向所述共用导磁件一侧的磁极相反。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一振动组件设置于所述第一磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一振动组件包括第一音圈和第一振膜，所述第一音圈固定于所述第一振膜朝向所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第一振膜与所述第一磁体组件之间保持有间隙；
    所述第一外磁体和所述第一内磁体之间形成有第一磁间隙，所述第一音圈至少部分悬置于所述第一磁间隙中。
  5. 根据权利要求2-4任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一发声单元还包括第一导磁件，所述第一导磁件设置于所述第一磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧；
    所述第二发声单元还包括第二导磁件，所述第二导磁件设置于所述第二磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一导磁件包括第一外导磁件和第一内导磁件，所述第一外导磁件固定于所述第一外磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端，所述第一内导磁件固定于所述第一内磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端；
    所述第二导磁件包括第二外导磁件和第二内导磁件，所述第二外导磁件固定于所述第二外磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端，所述第二内导磁件固定于所述第二内磁体远离所述共用导磁件的一端。
  7. 根据权利要求2-6任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二振动组件设置于所述第二磁体组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈固定于所述第二振膜朝向所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第二振膜与所述第二磁体组件之间保持有间隙；
    所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间形成有第二磁间隙，所述第二音圈部分伸入至所述第二磁间隙中。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈蚀刻于所述第二振膜朝向所述第二磁体组件的一侧；
    所述第二外磁体的内壁面抵接于所述第二内磁体的外壁面，所述第二音圈在厚度方向上的投影覆盖于所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体的配合位置，且所述第二音圈与所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间保持有振动间隙。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二振膜为平面形状，所述第二音圈蚀刻于所述第二振膜背离所述第二磁体组件的一侧。
  11. 根据权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二振动组件包括第二音圈和第二振膜，所述第二音圈位于所述第二振膜朝向所述第二磁体组件的一侧；所述第二音圈包括至少一层的线圈层，所述线圈层由导线在平面内绕制而成，所述平面平行于所述共用导磁件；
    所述第二外磁体的内壁面抵接于所述第二内磁体的外壁面，所述第二音圈在厚度方向上的投影覆盖于所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体的配合位置，且所述第二音圈与所述第二外磁体和所述第二内磁体之间保持有振动间隙。
  12. 根据权利要求9-11任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一内导磁件和所述第一振动组件之间的距离大于所述第二内导磁件和所述第二振动组件之间的距离。
  13. 根据权利要求2-12任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一内磁体和所述第一外磁体均为磁材料；或所述第一内磁体和所述第一外磁体中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料；
    所述第二内磁体和所述第二外磁体均为磁材料；或所述第二内磁体和所述第二外磁体中的一个为磁材料，另一个为导磁材料。
  14. 根据权利要求2-13任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一发声单元还包括第一腔盖和支架；
    所述第一腔盖固定于所述第一振动组件远离所述共用导磁件的一侧，且所述第一腔盖与所述第一振动组件之间形成第一前腔，所述第一腔盖上设置有与所述第一前腔连通的第二出音孔；
    所述第一振动组件与所述共用导磁件之间形成第一后腔，所述支架固定于所述第一外磁体，所述支架上设置有与所述第一后腔连通的第一出音孔，所述第一出音孔与所述第二出音孔的声音传递路径分隔。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一振动组件固定于所述支架上背离所述第一外磁体的一侧。
  16. 根据权利要求2-15任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述第二发声单元还包括第二腔盖，所述第二腔盖固定罩设于所述第二振动组件、所述第二外磁体和所述 共用导磁件的外部，且所述第二腔盖与所述第二振动组件之间形成第二前腔，所述第二振动组件与所述共用导磁件之间形成第二后腔；
    所述第二腔盖上设置有与所述第二前腔连通的第三出音孔和与所述第二后腔连通的第四出音孔，所述第三出音孔与所述第四出音孔的声音传递路径分隔。
  17. 根据权利要求1-16任一项所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述发声组件设置有两个以上，两个以上的所述发声组件在横向间隔排布，且两个以上的所述发声组件的第一发声单元均设置于所述共用导磁件的一面，两个以上的所述发声组件的第二发声单元均设置于所述共用导磁件的另一面。
  18. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括外壳件和权利要求1-17任一项所述的扬声器，所述扬声器设置于所述外壳件内。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述电子设备为耳机，所述扬声器封装于所述耳机的外壳件内。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的电子设备，其特征在于，所述外壳件设置有前腔室和后腔室，所述前腔室和所述后腔室分别设置有出音通道，所述前腔室与所述扬声器的第一前腔和第二前腔连通，所述后腔室与所述扬声器的第一后腔和第二后腔连通。
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