WO2021258653A1 - 扬声器和耳机 - Google Patents

扬声器和耳机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021258653A1
WO2021258653A1 PCT/CN2020/134131 CN2020134131W WO2021258653A1 WO 2021258653 A1 WO2021258653 A1 WO 2021258653A1 CN 2020134131 W CN2020134131 W CN 2020134131W WO 2021258653 A1 WO2021258653 A1 WO 2021258653A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
voice coil
coupling
magnetic circuit
diaphragm
magnetic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/134131
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭晓冬
Original Assignee
歌尔股份有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 歌尔股份有限公司 filed Critical 歌尔股份有限公司
Priority to US17/996,463 priority Critical patent/US20230224642A1/en
Publication of WO2021258653A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021258653A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H04R1/1058—Manufacture or assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H04R9/027—Air gaps using a magnetic fluid
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/04—Construction, mounting, or centering of coil
    • H04R9/046—Construction
    • H04R9/047—Construction in which the windings of the moving coil lay in the same plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/04—Plane diaphragms
    • H04R7/06—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers
    • H04R7/10—Plane diaphragms comprising a plurality of sections or layers comprising superposed layers in contact

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electroacoustic technology, in particular to a loudspeaker and an earphone using the loudspeaker.
  • the miniature sound-emitting devices used in this type of equipment need to be more miniaturized, and the coordination with other components around the miniature sound-generating device is more suitable.
  • the vibration system and magnetic circuit system used in the miniature sound device are directly related to the sound quality of the miniature sound device.
  • the vibration system of the related art miniature sound device includes a diaphragm and a voice coil attached to the diaphragm, and the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic bowl and a magnetic steel placed in the magnetic bowl.
  • the diaphragm includes a central part and a folded ring part arranged around the central part.
  • the high-frequency performance is improved by compounding a high-modulus vibration plate on the central part, and the high-frequency performance of the sound in the vibration system is adjusted Mainly depending on the material and shape of the vibration plate, the performance adjustment space is limited, which in turn limits the acoustic performance of the miniature sound emitting device using the vibration system.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a loudspeaker aimed at improving the acoustic performance of the loudspeaker.
  • the speaker proposed by the present invention includes a housing and a vibration system and a magnetic circuit system housed in the housing;
  • the vibration system includes a diaphragm, a centering support piece, and a vibrating voice coil. Opposite sides of the centering support piece are respectively connected to the diaphragm and the vibrating voice coil, and the centering support piece is provided with a coupling sound. lock up;
  • the centering support piece includes a mounting portion correspondingly connected to the central portion of the diaphragm, and the coupling voice coil is provided on the mounting portion;
  • the magnetic circuit system includes a magnetic conductive yoke, a central magnetic circuit part and a side magnetic circuit part arranged on the magnetic conductive yoke, and a coupling magnetic circuit part located above the central magnetic circuit part, the central magnetic circuit part and A magnetic gap for accommodating the vibrating voice coil is formed between the side magnetic circuit parts;
  • the coupling voice coil when the coupling voice coil is energized, the coupling voice coil and the magnetic field coupling coupling of the coupling magnetic circuit part generate an upward and downward force.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is to provide a centering support piece in the loudspeaker, the opposite sides of the centering support piece are respectively connected to the diaphragm and the vibrating voice coil, and the coupling voice coil is arranged on the centering support piece, and is arranged above the central magnetic circuit part Corresponding to the coupling magnetic circuit part of the coupled voice coil, during the working process of the speaker, the coupling voice coil generates magnetism when it is energized and can be magnetically coupled with the coupling magnetic circuit part.
  • the coupling magnetic circuit part is magnetically coupled to pull and expand the vibration of the diaphragm, thereby changing the vibration state of the high-frequency region of the diaphragm (suppressing high-frequency split vibration), and finally improving the high-frequency performance of the speaker.
  • the coupled voice coil has a flat shape, and the coupled voice coil is formed by arranging and winding wires along the plane where the mounting portion is located.
  • the centering support piece includes a frame part arranged at the edge, the mounting part arranged at the middle part, and elastic parts connecting the frame part and the mounting part on both sides.
  • a first conductive circuit electrically connected to the coupling voice coil and a second conductive circuit electrically connected to the vibrating voice coil are provided on the frame portion and the elastic portion.
  • the coupled voice coil is manufactured by etching, printing or plating.
  • the coupling voice coil is embedded in the centering support piece; or the coupling voice coil is located on the surface of the centering support piece facing the diaphragm.
  • the coupling magnetic circuit portion includes magnets arranged at intervals, a gap is formed between adjacent magnets, and the coupling voice coil includes a winding portion corresponding to the gap.
  • the winding part is annular
  • the coupling magnetic circuit part includes annular magnets arranged at intervals, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent magnets facing the diaphragm are different;
  • the winding part is linear
  • the coupling magnetic circuit part includes elongated magnets arranged at intervals, and the magnetic poles of the two adjacent magnets facing the diaphragm are different.
  • the central magnetic circuit part includes a central magnet and a magnetic conductive plate attached to the central magnet, and the coupling magnetic circuit part is fixedly connected to a surface of the magnetic conductive plate facing the diaphragm.
  • the present invention also provides an earphone, including the speaker as described above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of an embodiment of a loudspeaker of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the speaker in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the coupling principle between the coupling magnetic circuit part and the coupling voice coil in the speaker in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is an assembly diagram of a centering support piece and a coupled voice coil of an embodiment of the loudspeaker in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of winding the coupled voice coil in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 7 is an assembly diagram of a centering support piece and a coupled voice coil in another embodiment of the loudspeaker in Fig. 1.
  • Label name Label name 100 speaker 1233 Elastic part 110 shell 124 Coupled voice coil 120 Vibration system 1241 Winding part 121 Diaphragm 130 Magnetic circuit system 1211 Central part 131 Central magnetic circuit part 1212 Fold 132 magnetic steel 1213 Fixed part 133 Permeable plate 122 Vibrating voice coil 134 Magnetic yoke 1221 Main body 1341 Bottom wall 1222 Connection part 1342 Sidewall 123 Centering piece 135 Coupling magnetic circuit part 1231 Frame part 1351 magnet 1232 Installation Department 1352 gap
  • the terms “connected”, “fixed”, etc. should be understood in a broad sense, for example, “fixed” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • “fixed” can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or a whole; It can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements, unless specifically defined otherwise.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • the present invention provides a speaker 100.
  • the speaker 100 includes a housing 110 and a vibration system 120 and a magnetic circuit system 130 housed in the housing 110.
  • the vibration system 120 includes a diaphragm 121, a vibrating voice coil 122, and a centering support piece 123.
  • the opposite sides of the centering support piece 123 are connected to the diaphragm 121 and the vibrating voice coil 122, respectively.
  • the centering support piece 123 is provided with a coupling Voice coil 124.
  • the magnetic circuit system 130 includes a magnetic conductive yoke 134, a central magnetic circuit portion 131 and a side magnetic circuit portion arranged on the magnetic conductive yoke 134, a coupling magnetic circuit portion 135 located above the central magnetic circuit portion 131, and a central magnetic circuit portion 131
  • a magnetic gap for accommodating the vibrating voice coil 122 is formed between the side magnetic circuit portion and the side magnetic circuit portion.
  • the side of the diaphragm 121 facing away from the magnetic circuit system 130 is referred to as the upper side, and the side of the diaphragm 121 facing the magnetic circuit system 130 is referred to as the lower side.
  • the housing 110 is generally made of plastic material and defines the outline of the entire speaker 100.
  • the housing 110 is in the shape of a trumpet that penetrates up and down, the vibration system 120 and the magnetic circuit system 130 are arranged inside the housing 110, the vibration system 120 is mounted on the upper part of the housing 110, and the magnetic circuit system 130 is mounted on the lower part of the housing 110.
  • the housing 110 is also provided with a pressure relief hole communicating with the inner cavity of the housing 110. The pressure relief hole is used to reduce the vibration resistance of the diaphragm 121 during the process of agitating air.
  • the magnetic yoke 134 in the magnetic circuit system 130 shown in the figure of the present application is in a bowl shape.
  • the magnetic circuit system 130 also includes a central magnetic circuit portion 131 arranged on the inner side of the magnetic yoke 134, and a central magnetic circuit portion 131 relatively spaced apart from the central magnetic circuit portion 131.
  • the side magnetic circuit part of the magnetic gap where the central magnetic circuit part 131 includes a magnetic steel 132 and a magnetic conductive plate 133 covering the upper surface of the magnetic steel 132.
  • the magnetic conductive yoke 134 is in a bowl shape and includes a bottom wall 1341 and a bottom
  • the cylindrical side wall 1342 is connected to the wall 1341, and the side wall 1342 is connected to the bottom of the housing 110 and constitutes the side magnetic circuit part. It is understandable that in other embodiments, the side magnetic circuit part is not shown in the figure.
  • the vibrating voice coil 122 and the coupled voice coil 124 are independent of each other in circuit, that is, controlled by different circuits.
  • the vibrating voice coil 122 is magnetically coupled with the magnetic circuit system 130 under the action of the changing current, and the vibrating voice coil 122 is then pulled into the magnetic gap and pushed out from the magnetic gap to drive the diaphragm 121 to vibrate.
  • the coupled voice coil 124 will also be magnetically coupled with the coupling magnetic circuit part 135 under the action of the changing current, and then also generate up and down forces on the diaphragm 121 to push and pull the diaphragm 121 up and down. In this way, during the high frequency vibration of the diaphragm 121, the vibration state such as the vibration frequency and amplitude of the diaphragm 121 can be adjusted.
  • a centering support piece 123 is provided in the speaker 100, opposite sides of the centering support piece 123 are respectively connected to the diaphragm 121 and the vibrating voice coil 122, and a coupling voice coil 124 is provided on the centering support piece 123, And the coupling magnetic circuit part 135 corresponding to the coupling voice coil 124 is arranged above the central magnetic circuit part 131.
  • the coupling voice coil 124 generates magnetism when it is energized and can be magnetically coupled with the coupling magnetic circuit part 135, thereby vibrating
  • the voice coil 122 drives the diaphragm 121 to vibrate and produce sound
  • the coupling voice coil 124 and the coupling magnetic circuit part 135 are magnetically coupled to pull and expand the vibration of the diaphragm 121, thereby changing the vibration state of the high frequency region of the diaphragm 121 (high suppression Frequency division vibration), which ultimately improves the high-frequency performance of the speaker 100.
  • the diaphragm 121 of the present application includes a fixed portion 1213 located at the outermost periphery, a central portion 1211 located in the middle portion, and a folding ring portion 1212 connecting the fixed portion 1213 and the central portion 1211, wherein the coupling voice coil 124 is flat and connected to the central portion.
  • the part 1211 is fixedly connected, that is, the diaphragm 121 is connected to the upper side of the centering support piece 123.
  • the coupled voice coil 124 may also have a three-dimensional structure instead of a flat shape.
  • the centering support piece 123 includes a frame portion 1231 disposed at the edge, a mounting portion 1232 disposed at the middle portion, and two sides are respectively connected to the frame portion 1231 and the mounting portion
  • the first conductive circuit and the second conductive circuit are integrated on the frame portion 1231 and the elastic portion 1233, so that the conductive structure is simplified, and the structure of the centering support piece 123 is fully utilized, thereby helping to reduce the cost.
  • the conductive circuit, the second conductive circuit, and the coupled voice coil 124 can all be made by methods such as copper foil etching, printed conductive materials, plated conductive materials, etc.
  • the coupling voice coil 124 of the present application is arranged and wound along the plane where the mounting portion 1232 is located.
  • the coupled voice coil 124 can be embedded in the centering support piece 123, so that the structure is relatively firm; while in other embodiments, the coupling voice coil 124 can be located facing the centering support piece 123
  • the surface of the diaphragm 121 is located on the upper surface of the centering support piece 123, so the manufacturing process is more convenient.
  • the coupling magnetic circuit part 135 includes spaced magnets 1351, wherein a plurality of magnets 1351 are spaced apart, a gap 1352 is formed between adjacent magnets 1351, and the coupling voice coil 124 includes a gap 1351.
  • the coupled voice coil 124 as an energized conductor can be subjected to upward or downward ampere force in the magnetic field formed by two adjacent magnets 1351 to thereby achieve upward or downward ampere force on the diaphragm 121.
  • the magnets 1351 in the coupling magnetic circuit portion 135 are formed into an annular shape arranged at intervals, and a plurality of magnets 1351 may be nested and arranged with one circle center spaced apart from each other, and the coupling voice coil 124
  • the winding portion 1241 has a circular ring shape to match the magnetic circuit formed by the plurality of magnets 1351 (in the actual winding process, the coupling voice coil 124 is spirally wound to form a ring structure, as shown in FIG. 6 for example).
  • the coupling magnetic circuit portion 135 may also include elongated magnets 1351 arranged at intervals.
  • the winding portion 1241 may be, for example, a linear shape as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the coupling voice coil 124 covers the entire mounting portion 1232 of the centering support piece 123, the conductive design of the coupling voice coil 124 is simpler, and the adjustment of the vibrating voice coil 122 during the vibration process is more sensitive.
  • the present invention also provides an earphone.
  • the earphone includes a housing and a speaker 100.
  • the housing has a housing cavity inside.
  • the earphone also includes a speaker 100.
  • the specific structure of the speaker 100 refers to the foregoing embodiment. All the technical solutions of all the above-mentioned embodiments have at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments, which will not be repeated here.
  • the speaker 100 is installed in the accommodating cavity, and the housing is provided with a sound hole corresponding to the diaphragm 121.
  • the earphones can be portable earphones such as mobile phones, earphones, and tablet computers.

Abstract

本发明公开一种扬声器和应用该扬声器的耳机，扬声器包括外壳以及收容于外壳内的振动系统和磁路系统；振动系统包括振膜、定心支片以及振动音圈，定心支片的相对两侧分别连接振膜和振动音圈，定心支片上设置有耦合音圈，所述定心支片包括与振膜的中央部对应连接的安装部，所述耦合音圈设于所述安装部上；磁路系统包括导磁轭、设于导磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分以及位于中心磁路部分上方的耦合磁路部分，中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成容纳振动音圈的磁间隙；其中，在所述耦合音圈通电时，所述耦合音圈与所述耦合磁路部分的磁场耦合产生上下方向的作用力。本发明的扬声器声效效果好。

Description

扬声器和耳机 技术领域
本发明涉及电声技术领域，特别涉及一种扬声器和应用该扬声器的耳机。
背景技术
为适应各种音响设备与信息通信设备的小型化、多功能化发展，该类设备中所使用的微型发声器件对应需要更加趋于小型化，以及与所述微型发声器件周边其他元件的配合更加紧凑，特别是随着移动电话轻薄化发展需求，其中所使用的微型发声器件，不仅要求小型化，更要求高音质化和立体声等。而运用在微型发声器件的振动系统和磁路系统直接关系着微型发声器件的音质好坏。相关技术微型发声器件的振动系统包括振膜，贴设在所述振膜上的音圈，磁路系统包括磁碗，置于所述磁碗内的磁钢。
相关技术的微型发声器件，振膜包括中心部以及环绕中心部设置的折环部，通过在中心部上复合高模量的振动板来改善高频性能，其振动系统中发声的高频性能调整主要依赖振动板的材质和形状，性能调整空间有限，进而限制了运用所述振动系统的微型发声器件的声学性能。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种扬声器，旨在提升扬声器的声学性能。
为实现上述目的，本发明提出的扬声器包括外壳以及收容于所述外壳内的振动系统和磁路系统；
所述振动系统包括振膜、定心支片以及振动音圈，所述定心支片的相对两侧分别连接所述振膜和所述振动音圈，所述定心支片上设置有耦合音圈；
所述定心支片包括与所述振膜的中央部对应连接的安装部，所述耦合音圈设于所述安装部上；
所述磁路系统包括导磁轭、设于所述导磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路 部分以及位于所述中心磁路部分上方的耦合磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成容纳所述振动音圈的磁间隙；
其中，在所述耦合音圈通电时，所述耦合音圈与所述耦合磁路部分的磁场耦合耦合产生上下方向的作用力。
本发明技术方案通过在扬声器中设置定心支片，定心支片的相对两侧分别连接振膜和振动音圈，并且在定心支片上设置耦合音圈，且在中心磁路部分上方设置对应耦合音圈的耦合磁路部分，在扬声器工作过程中，耦合音圈通电时产生磁性并能与耦合磁路部分磁性耦合，从而在振动音圈带动振膜振动发声过程中，耦合音圈和耦合磁路部分磁性耦合，对振膜振动进行拉扯和扩张，以此改变振膜高频区域的振动状态(抑制高频分割振动)，最终提升了扬声器的高频性能。
可选地，所述耦合音圈成扁平状，所述耦合音圈沿所述安装部所在平面排列布线绕制而成。
可选地，所述定心支片包括设置在边缘的边框部、设置在中部的所述安装部以及两侧分别连接所述边框部和安装部的弹性部。
可选地，所述边框部和所述弹性部上设有与所述耦合音圈电连接的第一导电线路，以及与所述振动音圈电连接的第二导电线路。
可选地，所述耦合音圈通过蚀刻、印刷或镀覆方式制作而成。
可选地，所述耦合音圈嵌设在所述定心支片的内部；或者所述耦合音圈位于所述定心支片朝向所述振膜的表面。
可选地，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的磁体，相邻的所述磁体之间形成间隙，所述耦合音圈包括与所述间隙对应的绕线部分。
可选地，所述绕线部分为圆环状，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的圆环状的磁体，相邻两个所述磁体的朝向所述振膜的磁极不同；
或者，所述绕线部分为直线状，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的长条状的磁体，相邻两个所述磁体的朝向所述振膜的磁极不同。
可选地，所述中心磁路部分包括中心磁铁和贴附在所述中心磁铁上的导磁板，所述耦合磁路部分固定连接于所述导磁板朝向所述振膜的表面。
本发明还提出一种耳机，包括如上所述的扬声器。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明扬声器一实施例的分解结构示意图；
图2为图1中扬声器的剖视图；
图3为图2中A处的放大图；
图4为图1中扬声器中的耦合磁路部分与耦合音圈的耦合原理示意图；
图5为图1中扬声器中的一实施例的定心支片和耦合音圈的装配图；
图6为图5中耦合音圈的绕制示意图；
图7为图1中扬声器中的又一实施例定心支片和耦合音圈的装配图。
附图标号说明：
标号 名称 标号 名称
100 扬声器 1233 弹性部
110 外壳 124 耦合音圈
120 振动系统 1241 绕线部分
121 振膜 130 磁路系统
1211 中央部 131 中心磁路部分
1212 折环部 132 磁钢
1213 固定部 133 导磁板
122 振动音圈 134 导磁轭
1221 主体部 1341 底壁
1222 连接部 1342 侧壁
123 定心支片 135 耦合磁路部分
1231 边框部 1351 磁体
1232 安装部 1352 间隙
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例，参照附图做进一步 说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“连接”、“固定”等应做广义理解，例如，“固定”可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或成一体；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系，除非另有明确的限定。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
另外，在本发明中如涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外，各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合，但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础，当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在，也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种扬声器100。
请结合参照图1至图3，在本发明实施例中，扬声器100包括外壳110以及收容于外壳110内的振动系统120和磁路系统130。所述振动系统120包括振膜121、振动音圈122以及定心支片123，定心支片123的相对两侧分别连接振膜121和振动音圈122，定心支片123上设置有耦合音圈124。所述磁路系统130包括导磁轭134、设于导磁轭134上的中心磁路部分131和边磁路部分以及位于中心磁路部分131上方的耦合磁路部分135，中心磁路部分131和边磁路部分之间形成容纳振动音圈122的磁间隙。其中，在耦合音圈124通电时，耦合音圈124与耦合磁路部分135的磁场耦合产生上下方向的作用力。
本申请为了简化描述，将振膜121背离磁路系统130的一侧称之为上侧， 将振膜121面向磁路系统130的一侧称之为下侧。
外壳110一般为塑料材质，并限定出整个扬声器100的外形轮廓。外壳110呈上下贯通的喇叭筒状，振动系统120和磁路系统130设置在外壳110的内侧，振动系统120安装于外壳110的上部，磁路系统130安装于外壳110的下部。外壳110上还开设有与外壳110的内腔连通的泄压孔，泄压孔用于在振膜121鼓动空气过程中，减小其振动的阻力。本申请图中示出的磁路系统130中的导磁轭134呈碗状，磁路系统130还包括设置在导磁轭134内侧的中心磁路部分131以及与中心磁路部分131相对间隔出磁间隙的边磁路部分，其中，中心磁路部分131包括一个磁钢132以及覆盖在磁钢132上表面的导磁板133，导磁轭134呈碗状，其包括底壁1341和与底壁1341连接的成圆筒状的侧壁1342，侧壁1342与外壳110的底部连接并构成所述边磁路部分，可以理解的，在其他实施例中，边磁路部分除了图中示出的由导磁轭134的侧壁1342构成之外，还可以是设置有与磁钢132相对的边磁铁。本申请振动音圈122和耦合音圈124在电路上相互独立，即由不同的电路进行控制。在扬声器100工作时，振动音圈122在变化的电流作用下与磁路系统130产生磁性耦合，振动音圈122进而被拉入至磁间隙以及被由磁间隙向外推出从而带动振膜121振动，在振膜121振动过程中，耦合音圈124也在变化电流的作用下将与耦合磁路部分135进行磁性耦合，进而也对振膜121产生上下作用力而对振膜121进行上下推拉，如此可以在振膜121高频振动过程中，对振膜121的振动频率、幅度等振动状态进行调节。
本发明技术方案通过在扬声器100中设置定心支片123，定心支片123的相对两侧分别连接振膜121和振动音圈122，并且在定心支片123上设置耦合音圈124，且在中心磁路部分131上方设置对应耦合音圈124的耦合磁路部分135，在扬声器100工作过程中，耦合音圈124通电时产生磁性并能与耦合磁路部分135磁性耦合，从而在振动音圈122带动振膜121振动发声过程中，耦合音圈124和耦合磁路部分135磁性耦合，对振膜121振动进行拉扯和扩张，以此改变振膜121高频区域的振动状态(抑制高频分割振动)，最终提升了扬声器100的高频性能。
本申请振膜121包括有位于最外围的固定部1213、位于中间部位的中央部1211、以及连接固定部1213和中央部1211的折环部1212，其中，耦合音 圈124成扁平状并与中央部1211固定连接，即振膜121与定心支片123的上侧连接，通过如此设置，一方面对振膜121的振动状态调整灵敏度最高，调节更有效，另一方面可以有效利用扬声器100内的空间，在其他实施例中，耦合音圈124也可以是立体结构而非扁平状。
请结合参照图2、图3以及图5，在一些实施例中，定心支片123包括设置在边缘的边框部1231、设置在中部的安装部1232以及两侧分别连接边框部1231和安装部1232的弹性部1233，其中，边框部1231固定在外壳110上，边框部1231和弹性部1233上设有与耦合音圈124电连接的第一导电线路，以及与振动音圈122电连接的第二导电线路。通过在边框部1231和弹性部1233上设置集成有第一导电线路和第二导电线路，使得导电结构得到简化，充分利用了定心支片123的构造，进而有利于降低成本，其中，第一导电线路、第二导电线路以及耦合音圈124均可以采用例如铜箔蚀刻、印刷导电材料、镀覆导电材料等方式制作而成，本申请耦合音圈124沿安装部1232所在平面排列布线绕制而成，在一些实施例中，耦合音圈124可以嵌设在定心支片123的内部，如此结构较为牢固；而在另一些实施例中，耦合音圈124可以位于定心支片123朝向振膜121的表面即位于定心支片123的上表面，如此加工制造过程较为方便。
关于耦合磁路部分135与耦合音圈124的耦合设计：
在一些实施例中，请参照图4，耦合磁路部分135包括间隔设置的磁体1351，其中磁体1351间隔设置有多个，相邻的磁体1351之间形成间隙1352，耦合音圈124包括与间隙1352对应的绕线部分1241，其中相邻两个磁体1351的朝向振膜121的磁极不同，而与间隙1352对应的耦合音圈124上的绕线部分1241在通电的情况下电流方向相同，如此在耦合音圈124通电情况下，根据左手定则，耦合音圈124作为通电导体在两相邻磁体1351所形成的磁场中可以受到向上或者向下的安培力以进而实现对振膜121产生向上推动或者向下拉回的作用，从而实现改变振膜121高频区域的振动状态，最终提升了扬声器100的高频性能。
在上述设计中，所述耦合磁路部分135中的磁体1351形成为间隔设置的圆环状，并且多个磁体1351可以是以一个圆心相互间隔的嵌套设置，而耦合音圈124的所述绕线部分1241为圆环状，以匹配多个磁体1351所形成的磁 路(实际绕制过程中，耦合音圈124以螺旋绕线形成环形结构，例如图6所示)。此外耦合磁路部分135还可以是包括间隔设置的长条状的磁体1351，所述绕线部分1241可以是例如图7所示的直线状，上述内容所列出的两种绕制方式，可以使得耦合音圈124布满定心支片123的整个安装部1232，并且对耦合音圈124导电设计较为简单，而且对振动音圈122振动过程中的调节更灵敏。
本发明还提出一种耳机，该耳机包括壳体和扬声器100，壳体，内部具有容置腔，该耳机还包括扬声器100，该扬声器100的具体结构参照上述实施例，由于本扬声器100采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案，因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再一一赘述。扬声器100安装在容置腔内，壳体开设有对应振膜121的声孔。其中，耳机可以是手机、耳机、平板电脑等便携式耳机。
以上所述仅为本发明的可选实施例，并非因此限制本发明的专利范围，凡是在本发明的发明构思下，利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种扬声器，其特征在于，所述扬声器包括外壳以及收容于所述外壳内的振动系统和磁路系统；
    所述振动系统包括振膜、定心支片以及振动音圈，所述定心支片的相对两侧分别连接所述振膜和所述振动音圈，所述定心支片上设置有耦合音圈；
    所述定心支片包括与所述振膜的中央部对应连接的安装部，所述耦合音圈设于所述安装部上；
    所述磁路系统包括导磁轭、设于所述导磁轭上的中心磁路部分和边磁路部分以及位于所述中心磁路部分上方的耦合磁路部分，所述中心磁路部分和边磁路部分之间形成容纳所述振动音圈的磁间隙；
    其中，在所述耦合音圈通电时，所述耦合音圈与所述耦合磁路部分的磁场耦合产生上下方向的作用力。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述耦合音圈成扁平状，所述耦合音圈沿所述安装部所在平面排列布线绕制而成。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述定心支片包括设置在边缘的边框部、设置在中部的所述安装部以及两侧分别连接所述边框部和安装部的弹性部。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述边框部和所述弹性部上设有与所述耦合音圈电连接的第一导电线路，以及与所述振动音圈电连接的第二导电线路。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述耦合音圈通过蚀刻、印刷或镀覆方式制作而成。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述耦合音圈嵌设在所述定心支片的内部；或者，
    所述耦合音圈位于所述定心支片朝向所述振膜的表面。
  7. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的磁体，相邻的所述磁体之间形成间隙，所述耦合音圈包括与所述间隙对应的绕线部分。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述绕线部分为圆环状，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的圆环状的磁体，相邻两个所述磁体的朝向所述振膜的磁极不同；
    或者，所述绕线部分为直线状，所述耦合磁路部分包括间隔设置的长条状的磁体，相邻两个所述磁体的朝向所述振膜的磁极不同。
  9. 如权利要求1所述的扬声器，其特征在于，所述中心磁路部分包括中心磁铁和贴附在所述中心磁铁上的导磁板，所述耦合磁路部分固定连接于所述导磁板朝向所述振膜的表面。
  10. 一种耳机，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的扬声器。
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