WO2021063112A1 - 骨传导扬声器、骨传导耳机及骨传导助听器 - Google Patents

骨传导扬声器、骨传导耳机及骨传导助听器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021063112A1
WO2021063112A1 PCT/CN2020/108416 CN2020108416W WO2021063112A1 WO 2021063112 A1 WO2021063112 A1 WO 2021063112A1 CN 2020108416 W CN2020108416 W CN 2020108416W WO 2021063112 A1 WO2021063112 A1 WO 2021063112A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic
bone conduction
vibrating
conduction speaker
voice coil
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PCT/CN2020/108416
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English (en)
French (fr)
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朱达云
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朱达云
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Publication of WO2021063112A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021063112A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/10—Earpieces; Attachments therefor ; Earphones; Monophonic headphones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
    • H04R25/60—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles
    • H04R25/604—Mounting or interconnection of hearing aid parts, e.g. inside tips, housings or to ossicles of acoustic or vibrational transducers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/02—Details
    • H04R9/025—Magnetic circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R2460/00—Details of hearing devices, i.e. of ear- or headphones covered by H04R1/10 or H04R5/033 but not provided for in any of their subgroups, or of hearing aids covered by H04R25/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • H04R2460/13—Hearing devices using bone conduction transducers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of loudspeakers, in particular to bone conduction loudspeakers, bone conduction earphones and bone conduction hearing aids.
  • Bone conduction is a sound conduction method that converts sound into mechanical vibrations of different frequencies, and transmits sound waves through the human skull, bone labyrinth, inner ear lymphatic fluid transmission, spiral organs, auditory nerve, and auditory center. Compared with the classic sound conduction method that generates sound waves through the diaphragm, bone conduction eliminates many steps of sound wave transmission, and can achieve clear sound reproduction in a noisy environment, and sound waves will not affect others due to diffusion in the air. .
  • Bone conduction speaker technology is used to receive speech. Sound waves (vibration signals) converted from electrical signals are directly transmitted to the auditory nerve through bones. The transmission medium of sound waves (vibration signals) is different.
  • the current bone conduction speakers are generally worn to the front of the ear through ear hoops, and conducted to the human ear through the bones in front of the ear.
  • the inside is after the U iron and the magnet are installed, the shrapnel is installed in the gap of the magnet, and the shrapnel generates vibration.
  • the current wearing method usually has a large speaker volume. If it is made into a miniature size, the volume of the magnet will be reduced and the sound wave transmission effect will be worse.
  • the invention also provides a bone conduction earphone.
  • the invention also provides a bone conduction hearing aid.
  • a bone conduction speaker including:
  • a magnetic component the magnetic component includes a first magnetic component and a second magnetic component, a through hole is opened in the middle of the first magnetic component, and the second magnetic component penetrates the through hole to make the first magnetic component
  • a magnetic gap is formed between opposite sides of the through hole corresponding to the second magnetic member and the second magnetic member;
  • a voice coil the voice coil is installed in the magnetic gap
  • a vibrating member the vibrating member is installed at an end close to the magnetic component, the vibrating member is connected to the voice coil and is electrically connected to the voice coil;
  • a conductive member, the conductive member is connected to the vibrating member
  • the supporting member is used to support the magnetic assembly and the vibrating member.
  • the magnetic component is composed of at least two magnets.
  • the volume of the entire speaker is reduced, the volume of the magnet will not be affected, and can even be increased, so as not to affect the sound wave transmission effect.
  • the volume of the speaker changes Hours, can effectively guarantee the sound quality effect.
  • the magnetic assembly further includes a first magnetic conductive member connected to an end of the first magnetic member close to the vibrating member and a second magnetic member connected to an end of the second magnetic member close to the vibrating member. Magnetically conductive parts.
  • the vibrating element is made of hard material and has a built-in circuit element, and the voice coil is connected to the vibrating element and electrically connected to the circuit element.
  • the vibrating element is a metal sheet, a plastic sheet, or a carbon fiber sheet in which the circuit element is built-in.
  • the bone conduction speaker further includes a third magnetically conductive member, and the third magnetically conductive member is installed on the end of the first magnetic member away from the vibrating member and the second magnetic member The end away from the vibrating member.
  • the first magnetic member is a magnet
  • the second magnetic member is a metal that generates a magnetic field with the magnet
  • the third magnetically conductive member is a metal that is magnetically attracted to the magnet.
  • the third magnetic component and the second magnetic component are integrally formed.
  • the bone conduction speaker further includes a circuit board connected to the end of the third magnetic conductive member away from the first magnetic member, and the vibrating member is electrically connected to the circuit board through a conductive member .
  • a first wire slot is formed on the outside of the support member
  • a second wire slot is formed on the outer side of the first magnetic conductive member
  • a third wire slot is formed on the outer side of the first magnetic member. The conductive element is sequentially guided to the circuit board by the first wire groove, the second wire groove and the third wire groove.
  • the first magnetic member is a magnet
  • the second magnetic member is a metal that can be magnetically attracted to the magnet; or the first magnetic member and the second magnetic member are both magnets.
  • the present invention also provides a bone conduction earphone, including the bone conduction speaker.
  • the present invention also provides a bone conduction hearing aid, including the bone conduction speaker.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bone conduction speaker according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bone conduction speaker according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the bone conduction speaker according to the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a bone conduction speaker 100, including a magnetic assembly 10, a voice coil 20, a vibrating member 30, a conductive member 40 and a supporting member 50, the magnetic assembly 10 is used to provide a magnetic field to the voice coil 20, the voice coil 20 is used to cut magnetic lines of induction to generate electromotive force, the vibrating member 30 is used to connect the voice coil 20, conduct the circuit, and transmit vibration, and the conductive member 40 is used to vibrate and transmit sound waves.
  • a bone conduction speaker 100 including a magnetic assembly 10, a voice coil 20, a vibrating member 30, a conductive member 40 and a supporting member 50
  • the magnetic assembly 10 is used to provide a magnetic field to the voice coil 20
  • the voice coil 20 is used to cut magnetic lines of induction to generate electromotive force
  • the vibrating member 30 is used to connect the voice coil 20, conduct the circuit, and transmit vibration
  • the conductive member 40 is used to vibrate and transmit sound waves.
  • the voice coil 20 is energized and vibrates in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic assembly 10, so that the vibrating plate 30 and the conductive member 40 vibrate accordingly. Since the magnetic assembly 10 includes at least two combined magnetic parts, when the volume of the entire speaker is reduced, the volume of the magnetic assembly 10 can be unchanged or larger, and the volume of the magnetic assembly 10 is less affected, and the volume of the entire speaker is reduced. It does not affect the transmission effect of sound waves when it is small, thus effectively ensuring the sound quality.
  • the magnetic assembly 10 includes a first magnetic member 11 and a second magnetic member 12.
  • a through hole 13 is opened in the middle of the first magnetic member 11, and the second magnetic member 12 is installed in the through hole 13 so that the A magnetic gap 14 is formed between two opposite sides of a magnetic member 11 corresponding to the through hole 13 and the second magnetic member 12.
  • the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12 can generate a stronger magnetic field.
  • the voice coil 20 is installed in the magnetic gap 14, the magnetic lines of induction can be cut stronger to ensure better sound quality.
  • the shapes of the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12 can be set as required.
  • the first magnetic member 11 is in the shape of a ring to form a through hole 13 in the middle of the first magnetic member 11, and the second magnetic member 12 is in the shape of a block, which is installed in the through hole 13, and The sidewalls of a magnetic member 11 are not in contact with each other, thereby forming the above-mentioned magnetic gap 14.
  • the second magnetic member 12 can be in a ring shape, a block shape, a strip shape, etc., and it can be matched with the first magnetic member 11.
  • One of the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12 is a magnet, and the other is a magnet or a metal that can be magnetically attracted to the magnet.
  • the first magnetic piece 11 is a magnet
  • the second magnetic piece 12 is a metal iron
  • the first magnetic piece 11 is a metal iron
  • the second magnetic piece 12 is a magnet
  • the first magnetic piece 11 and the second magnetic piece 12 are both As a magnet, both can achieve the purpose of generating a magnetic circuit.
  • the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12 may also adopt other shapes.
  • the magnetic assembly 10 may also include three or more magnetic pieces. There is a tendency to choose fewer magnetic parts to form the magnetic assembly 10, so that the overall connection structure is more stable.
  • the aforementioned magnetic assembly 10 further includes a first magnetic conductive member 15 connected to an end of the first magnetic member 11 close to the vibrating member 30 and a second magnetic conductive member 16 connected to an end of the second magnetic member 12 close to the vibrating member 30.
  • the first magnetically conductive member 15 and the second magnetically conductive member 16 can play a role of magnetically conductive.
  • the first magnetically conductive member 15 and the second magnetically conductive member 16 may be a metal that generates a magnetic attraction, or a magnet, and preferably a metal that generates a magnetic attraction, such as ferrous metal.
  • the above-mentioned magnetic assembly 10 further includes a third magnetic conductive member 17, and the third magnetic conductive member 17 is installed on the ends of the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12 away from the vibrating member 30.
  • the third magnetically conductive member 17 can serve the purpose of installing the first magnetic member 11 and the second magnetic member 12, and can also perform a magnetically conductive role.
  • the third magnetic conductive member 17 can be a metal that produces a magnetic attraction, or a magnet, preferably a metal that cooperates with the magnet, such as iron.
  • the third magnetic conductive member 17 and the second magnetic member 12 may be provided separately or integrally. In this embodiment, the third magnetic conductive member 17 and the second magnetic member 12 are provided separately.
  • the voice coil 20 is installed in the magnetic gap 14 of the above-mentioned magnetic assembly 10.
  • the function of the voice coil 20 is to cut the lines of magnetic force and generate electromotive force. As long as this function can be realized, the shape, structure, and material of the voice coil 20 are not limited.
  • the voice coil 20 has a ring shape and is directly installed in the aforementioned annular magnetic gap 14.
  • the vibrating member 30 is installed at one end close to the magnetic assembly 10.
  • the vibrating member 30 is connected to the voice coil 20 and is electrically connected to the voice coil 20, thereby electrically conducting the entire speaker.
  • the voice coil 20 vibrates, the vibrating member 30 Vibration is generated accordingly, so that the vibration is transmitted to the conductive member 40.
  • the outer end of the vibrating member 30 is provided with a pad, and an external circuit is connected through the pad, so as to conduct the entire speaker circuit.
  • the vibrating element 30 can also conduct the external circuit in other ways.
  • the external circuit is conducted through the circuit board.
  • the vibrating element 30 is a vibrating plate.
  • the thickness of the vibrating plate is smaller, which is more convenient to transmit vibration.
  • the vibrating element 30 is made of a hard material and has a built-in circuit element, and the voice coil 20 is connected to the vibrating element 30 and electrically connected to the circuit element. Since the voice coil 20 is directly connected to the vibrating member 30 and the vibrating member 30 is made of a hard material, the stability when connected to the voice coil can be ensured, and the stability of the vibrating member 30 and the voice coil 20 when vibrating is ensured. However, the general soft vibrating part needs to rely on auxiliary components to connect the voice coil 20 or set a gap with the voice coil 20.
  • the vibrating element 30 is a steel sheet, a plastic sheet or a carbon fiber sheet with built-in circuit elements.
  • the vibrating member 30 can also be made of other elastic elements, for example, made of ordinary metal sheets, but the stability effect is not as good as that of hard materials.
  • the conductive member 40 is connected to the vibrating member 30 and is an element for vibration and sound transmission. When the vibrating member 30 vibrates, the vibration is transmitted to the conductive member 40.
  • the conductive member 40 can generally be a piezoelectric ceramic sheet, a PC conductive sheet, or other conductive elements.
  • the conductive member 40 is connected to the end of the vibrating member 30 away from the magnetic component 10.
  • the function of the supporting member 50 is to support the vibrating member 30 and the magnetic assembly 10, and to provide support to make the installation structure of the vibrating member 30 and the magnetic assembly 10 more stable.
  • the supporting member 50 may be made of materials such as plastic, iron, low carbon steel, etc., for example.
  • the connection between the supporting member 50 and the vibrating member 30 and the magnetic assembly 10 can be made by gluing, connecting member connection, or the like.
  • the supporting member 50 can be made of metal, plastic, or other hard materials.
  • the supporting member 50 may only be supported between the magnetic assembly 10 and the vibrating member 30, may also cover both sides of the magnetic assembly 10, or may only cover one side of the magnetic assembly 10.
  • the supporting member 50 has a ring shape and is installed between the magnetic assembly 10 and the vibrating element 30.
  • the above-mentioned bone conduction speaker 100 further includes a circuit board 60, the circuit board 60 is installed on the side of the third magnetic conductive member 17 away from the magnetic assembly 10, and the vibrating member 30 is electrically connected to the circuit board 60 through a conductive member.
  • the circuit board 60 can be used to connect with external circuits more conveniently.
  • the outside of the supporting member 50 is provided with a first wire groove
  • the outer side of the first magnetic conductive member 15 is provided with a second wire groove
  • the outer side of the first magnetic member 11 is provided with a third wire groove.
  • a wire groove, a second wire groove and a third wire groove are guided to the circuit board 60.
  • the arrangement of the wire groove can facilitate the guiding of the conductive element to the circuit board 60, on the other hand, it can hide the conductive element and prevent the conductive element from being exposed. In this way, the volume of the housing surrounding the entire speaker can also be reduced, which is convenient for preparation. Miniature speakers.
  • the conductive element is, for example, a wire, a conductive sheet, and so on.
  • the above-mentioned bone conduction speaker 100 may further include a casing, which covers the various components mentioned above, so that the whole speaker can prevent magnetic leakage.
  • the above-mentioned housing can be provided with a loudspeaker hole, and the sound generated by the speaker can be emitted to the human ear through the loudspeaker hole.
  • the bone conduction speaker of this embodiment is basically the same as the bone conduction speaker of the first embodiment, except that the third magnetic member 17 and the second magnetic member 12 are integrally provided.
  • the two magnetic parts 12 are metal that can attract magnets.
  • the third magnetic conductive part 17 and the second magnetic part 12 form a T-shaped iron, which is easier to install. At this time, since both the third magnetically conductive member 17 and the second magnetic member 12 can conduct magnetism, the second magnetically conductive member 16 needs to be removed.
  • the bone conduction speaker of this embodiment is basically the same as the bone conduction speaker of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, except that the supporting member 50 is in a ring shape and is located on the magnetic assembly 10 and the vibration Between the pieces 30 and cover one side of the magnetic assembly 10.
  • the bone conduction speaker in this embodiment is basically the same as the bone conduction speaker in the first or second embodiment, except that the support member 50 is ring-shaped and covers the magnetic assembly 10 At this time, a wire slot can be opened in the support member 50, and the conductive member can extend from the wire slot of the support member 50 to be connected to the circuit board 60.
  • This embodiment provides a bone conduction earphone, which includes the bone conduction speaker described in any one of the first embodiment to the third embodiment. After the bone conduction speaker is installed in the bone conduction earphone, the bone conduction earphone can be made smaller and the sound quality is better.
  • This embodiment provides a bone conduction hearing aid, which includes the bone conduction speaker described in any one of the first to the third embodiment. After the bone conduction speaker is installed in the bone conduction hearing aid, the bone conduction hearing aid can be made smaller and the sound quality is better.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明公开了骨传导扬声器、骨传导耳机及骨传导助听器。上述的骨传导扬声器包括：磁性组件，所述磁性组件包括第一磁性件及第二磁性件，所述第一磁性件的中部开设通孔，所述第二磁性件穿设所述通孔，以使所述第一磁性件对应所述通孔的相对两侧与所述第二磁性件之间形成磁间隙；音圈，所述音圈安装于所述磁间隙内；振动件，所述振动件安装于靠近所述磁性组件的一端处，所述振动件连接于所述音圈且与所述音圈电导通；传导件，所述传导件连接于所述振动件；及支撑部件，所述支撑部件用于支撑所述磁性组件及所述振动件；骨传导助听器与骨传导耳机均包括上述的骨传导扬声器。本发明的骨传导扬声器，声波传递效果好、音质好。

Description

骨传导扬声器、骨传导耳机及骨传导助听器 技术领域
本发明涉及扬声器技术领域，具体涉及骨传导扬声器、骨传导耳机及骨传导助听器。
背景技术
骨传导是一种声音传导方式，即将声音转化为不同频率的机械振动，通过人的颅骨、骨迷路、内耳淋巴液传递、螺旋器、听神经、听觉中枢来传递声波。相对于通过振膜产生声波的经典声音传导方式，骨传导省去了许多声波传递的步骤，能在嘈杂的环境中实现清晰的声音还原，而且声波也不会因为在空气中扩散而影响到他人。
骨传导扬声器技术用于受话，是电信号转化的声波(振动信号)直接通过骨头传至听神经，声波(振动信号)的传递介质不同。
目前的骨传导扬声器一般是通过耳箍佩戴至耳前，通过耳前骨传导至人耳中，内部是将U铁和磁体安装后，弹片装在磁体的间隙，弹片之间产生振动。目前的佩戴方式通常扬声器体积较大，如果将其做成微型的，磁体体积会减小，声波传递效果也会变差。
发明内容
基于此，本发明有必要提供一种声波传递效果好、音质好的骨传导扬声器。
本发明还提供一种骨传导耳机。
本发明还提供一种骨传导助听器。
为了实现本发明的目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种骨传导扬声器，包括：
磁性组件，所述磁性组件包括第一磁性件及第二磁性件，所述第一磁性件的中部开设通孔，所述第二磁性件穿设所述通孔，以使所述第一磁性件对应所述通孔的相对两侧与所述第二磁性件之间形成磁间隙；
音圈，所述音圈安装于所述磁间隙内；
振动件，所述振动件安装于靠近所述磁性组件的一端处，所述振动件连接于所述音圈且与所述音圈电导通；
传导件，所述传导件连接于所述振动件；及
支撑部件，所述支撑部件用于支撑所述磁性组件及所述振动件。
上述的骨传导扬声器，磁性组件由至少两个磁体组成，整个扬声器的体积减小时，磁体的体积也不会受影响，甚至可以增大，这样就不影响声波的传递效果，当扬声器的体积变小时，能够有效地保证音质效果。
其中一些实施例中，所述磁性组件还包括连接所述第一磁性件靠近所述振动件的一端的第一导磁件及连接所述第二磁性件靠近所述振动件的一端的第二导磁件。
其中一些实施例中，所述振动件由硬质材料制成且内置电路元件，所述音圈连接于所述振动件并电连接所述电路元件。
其中一些实施例中，所述振动件为内置所述电路元件的金属片、塑胶片或碳纤维片。
其中一些实施例中，所述骨传导扬声器还包括第三导磁件，所述第三导磁件安装于所述第一磁性件的远离所述振动件的端部及所述第二磁性件的远离所述振动件的端部。
其中一些实施例中，所述第一磁性件为磁体，所述第二磁性件为与所述磁体之间产生磁场的金属，所述第三导磁件为与所述磁体磁吸的金属，所述第三导磁件与所述第二磁性件一体成型。
其中一些实施例中，所述骨传导扬声器还包括连接于所述第三导磁件远离所述第一磁性件的端部的电路板，所述振动件通过导电件电连接于所述电路板。其中一些实施例中，所述支撑部件的外部开设有第一线槽，所述第一导磁件的外侧开设有第二线槽，所述第一磁性件的外侧均开设有第三线槽，所述导电件依次由所述第一线槽、第二线槽及所述第三线槽引导至所述电路板。
其中一些实施例中，所述第一磁性件为磁体，所述第二磁性件为可与所述磁体磁吸的金属；或所述第一磁性件与所述第二磁性件均为磁体。
本发明还提供一种骨传导耳机，包括所述的骨传导扬声器。
本发明还提供一种骨传导助听器，包括所述的骨传导扬声器。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例所述的骨传导扬声器的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例二所述的骨传导扬声器的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例三所述的骨传导扬声器的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下面将对本发明进行更全面的描述。但是，本发明可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本发明的公开内容的理解更加透彻全面。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。
实施例一
请参照图1，本发明提供一种骨传导扬声器100，包括磁性组件10、音圈20、振动件30、传导件40及支撑部件50，磁性组件10用于提供磁场给音圈20，音圈20用于切割磁感线，产生电动势，振动件30用于连接音圈20，导通电路，传递振动，传导件40用于振动传导声波。
工作时，音圈20通电，在磁性组件10产生的磁场中产生振动，从而振动片30和传导件40随之振动。因磁性组件10至少包括两个组合的磁性件，则当整个扬声器的体积减小时，磁性组件10的体积可以不变或者做大，磁性组件10的体积受影响较小，则整个扬声器的体积减小时不影响声波的传递效果，从而有效地保证了音质。
请继续参照图1，磁性组件10包括第一磁性件11及第二磁性件12，第一磁性件11的中部开设通孔13，第二磁性件12安装于该通孔13内，以使第一磁性件11对应通孔13的相对 两侧与第二磁性件12之间形成磁间隙14。第一磁性件11与第二磁性件12可以产生较强的磁场，当音圈20安装于该磁间隙14内时，可以较强力地切割磁感线，从而保证较优的音质。
其中第一磁性件11及第二磁性件12的形状可以根据需要设置。
一实施例中，第一磁性件11呈环形状，以在上述第一磁性件11的中部形成通孔13，而第二磁性件12呈块状，其安装于该通孔13内，与第一磁性件11的侧壁之间不接触，从而形成上述的磁间隙14。第二磁性件12可以是环形状、块状、条状等形状，其可与第一磁性件11配合即可。
其中的第一磁性件11及第二磁性件12其中一个为磁体，另一个为磁体或者可与磁体产生磁吸的金属。例如，第一磁性件11为磁体，第二磁性件12为金属铁，或者第一磁性件11为金属铁，第二磁性件12为磁体，或者第一磁性件11与第二磁性件12均为磁体，均可以实现产生磁路的目的。
当然，第一磁性件11与第二磁性件12也可以采用其他的形状。磁性组件10还可以包括三个或更多个磁性件。趋向于选择较少的磁性件组成磁性组件10，这样整体的连接结构较稳定。
进一步地，上述的磁性组件10还包括连接第一磁性件11靠近振动件30的一端的第一导磁件15及连接第二磁性件12靠近振动件30的一端的第二导磁件16。第一导磁件15和第二导磁件16可以起到导磁的作用。第一导磁件15和第二导磁件16可以是产生磁吸作用的金属，也可以是磁体，优选为产生磁吸作用的金属，例如铁金属。
进一步地，上述的磁性组件10还包括第三导磁件17，该第三导磁件17安装于第一磁性件11及第二磁性件12的远离振动件30的端部。该第三导磁件17可以起到安装第一磁性件11及第二磁性件12的目的，还可以起到导磁的作用。该第三导磁件17可以是产生磁吸作用的金属，也可以是磁体，优选为与磁体配合的金属，例如铁。
第三导磁件17与第二磁性件12可以分体设置，也可以一体设置。本实施例中，第三导磁件17与第二磁性件12分体设置。
音圈20安装于上述的磁性组件10的磁间隙14内。音圈20的作用是切割磁力线，产生电动势，只要能够实现该功能，其形状、结构、材质均可不做限定。
一实施例中，音圈20呈环形状，直接安装于上述的环形磁间隙14内。
请继续参照图1，振动件30安装于靠近磁性组件10的一端处，振动件30连接于音圈20且与音圈20电导通，从而将整个扬声器电导通，音圈20振动时振动件30随之产生振动，从而将振动传递给传导件40。
一实施例中，振动件30的外端部设有焊盘，通过该焊盘连接外部电路，从而将整个扬声器的电路导通。当然，振动件30也可以通过其他的方式导通外部电路。例如通过电路板导通外部电路。
一实施例中，振动件30为振动片。振动片的厚度较小，更加方便于传递振动。
一实施例中，振动件30由硬质材料制成且内置电路元件，音圈20连接于该振动件30并电连接该电路元件。由于音圈20直接连接振动件30，振动件30由硬质材料制成，可以保证与音圈连接时的稳定性，保证振动件30与音圈20振动时的稳定性。而一般的软质的振动件，则需要依靠辅助部件来连接音圈20，或者与音圈20之间设置间隙。
例如，振动件30为内置电路元件的钢片、塑胶片或碳纤维片。
当然，振动件30也可以采用其他的弹性元件制成，例如由普通的金属片制成，只是稳定性效果不如硬质材料。
传导件40连接于振动件30，是用于振动传导声音的元件。当振动件30振动时，振动传递至传导件40上。该传导件40通常可以是压电陶瓷片、PC传导片，也可以是其他的传导元件。
一实施例中，传导件40连接于振动件30远离磁性组件10的一端。
支撑部件50的作用是支撑振动件30以及磁性组件10，提供支撑使振动件30与磁性组件10的安装结构更稳定。支撑部件50例如可以是由塑料、铁、低碳钢等材料制成。支撑部件50与振动件30及磁性组件10之间的连接可以采用胶合、连接件连接等方式。
支撑部件50可由金属、塑胶以及其他的硬质材料制成。
支撑部件50可以仅支撑于磁性组件10与振动件30之间，也可以包住磁性组件10的两侧，还可以仅包住磁性组件10的一侧。本实施例中，支撑部件50呈环形状，安装于磁性组件10与振动件30之间。
一实施例中，上述的骨传导扬声器100还包括电路板60，该电路板60安装于第三导磁件17远离磁性组件10的一面，振动件30通过导电件电连接于电路板60。采用电路板60可以更方便地与外部电路连接。一实施例中，支撑部件50的外部开设有第一线槽，第一导磁件15的外侧开设有第二线槽，第一磁性件11的外侧均开设有第三线槽，导电件依次由第一线槽、第二线槽及第三线槽引导至电路板60。设置线槽一方面可以方便将导电件引导至电路板60处，另一方面可以将导电件隐藏，不让导电件露出，这样包住整个扬声器的外壳的体积也可以减小，方便于制备成微型的扬声器。其中的导电件例如为导线、导电片等等。
上述的骨传导扬声器100，还可以包括外壳，外壳包覆上述的各个部件，使得整个扬声器防止漏磁。上述的外壳可设置扩音孔，扬声器产生的声音可以由扩音孔发出至人耳。
实施例二
请参照图2，本实施例所述的骨传导扬声器，其与实施例一所述的骨传导扬声器基本相同，不同之处在于，第三导磁件17与第二磁性件12一体设置，第二磁性件12为可与磁体吸引的金属，第三导磁件17与第二磁性件12形成一个T形铁，T形铁更便于安装。此时由于第三导磁件17与第二磁性件12均可以导磁，第二导磁件16去需要去掉。
实施例三
请参照图2，本实施例所述的骨传导扬声器，其与实施例一或实施例二所述的骨传导扬声器基本相同，不同之处在于，支撑部件50呈环形，位于磁性组件10与振动件30之间且包覆磁性组件10的一侧。
实施例四
请参照图3，本实施例所述的骨传导扬声器，其与实施例一或实施例二所述的骨传导扬声器基本相同，不同之处在于，支撑部件50呈环形，包覆于磁性组件10的两侧，此时可在支撑部件50开设线槽，导电件可由支撑部件50的线槽伸出以连接于电路板60。
实施例五
本实施例提供一种骨传导耳机，其包括实施例一至实施例三任一项所述的骨传导扬声器。该骨传导扬声器安装在骨传导耳机内后，使得骨传导耳机可以做的较小，而且音质较好。
实施例六
本实施例提供一种骨传导助听器，其包括实施例一至实施例三任一项所述的骨传导扬声器。该骨传导扬声器安装在骨传导助听器内后，使得骨传导助听器可以做的较小，而且音质较好。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，包括：
    磁性组件，所述磁性组件包括第一磁性件及第二磁性件，所述第一磁性件的中部开设通孔，所述第二磁性件穿设所述通孔，以使所述第一磁性件对应所述通孔的相对两侧与所述第二磁性件之间形成磁间隙；
    音圈，所述音圈安装于所述磁间隙内；
    振动件，所述振动件安装于靠近所述磁性组件的一端处，所述振动件连接于所述音圈且与所述音圈电导通；
    传导件，所述传导件连接于所述振动件；及
    支撑部件，所述支撑部件用于支撑所述磁性组件及所述振动件。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一磁性件呈环形状，以在所述第一磁性件的中部形成所述通孔。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述磁性组件还包括连接所述第一磁性件靠近所述振动件的一端的第一导磁件及连接所述第二磁性件靠近所述振动件的一端的第二导磁件。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述振动件由硬质材料制成且内置电路元件，所述音圈连接于所述振动件并电连接所述电路元件。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述振动件为内置所述电路元件的金属片、塑胶片或碳纤维片。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨传导扬声器还包括第三导磁件，所述第三导磁件安装于所述第一磁性件的远离所述振动件的端部及所述第二磁性件的远离所述振动件的端部。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，第一磁性件为磁体，所述第二磁性件为与所述磁体之间产生磁场的金属，所述第三导磁件为与所述磁体磁吸的金属，所述第三导磁件与所述第二磁性件一体成型。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述骨传导扬声器还包括连接于所述第三导磁件远离所述第一磁性件的端部的电路板，所述振动件通过导电件电连接于所述电路板。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述支撑部件的外部开设有第一线槽，所述第一导磁件的外侧开设有第二线槽，所述第一磁性件的外侧均开设有第三线槽，所述导电件依次由所述第一线槽、第二线槽及所述第三线槽引导至所述电路板。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的骨传导扬声器，其特征在于，所述第一磁性件为磁体，所述第二磁性件为可与所述磁体磁吸的金属；或所述第一磁性件与所述第二磁性件均为磁体。
  11. 一种骨传导耳机，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10任一项所述的骨传导扬声器。
  12. 一种骨传导助听器，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-10任一项所述的骨传导扬声器。
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