WO2023005108A1 - Trépan à comprimé de diamant polycristallin (pdc) auto-équilibré à double dent directionnel approprié pour une intercouche molle et dure - Google Patents

Trépan à comprimé de diamant polycristallin (pdc) auto-équilibré à double dent directionnel approprié pour une intercouche molle et dure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023005108A1
WO2023005108A1 PCT/CN2021/137798 CN2021137798W WO2023005108A1 WO 2023005108 A1 WO2023005108 A1 WO 2023005108A1 CN 2021137798 W CN2021137798 W CN 2021137798W WO 2023005108 A1 WO2023005108 A1 WO 2023005108A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tooth
teeth
double
crown
balancing
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/137798
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李玮
盖京明
董家盼
李卓伦
焦圣杰
Original Assignee
东北石油大学
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Application filed by 东北石油大学 filed Critical 东北石油大学
Publication of WO2023005108A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023005108A1/fr

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
    • E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B10/00—Drill bits
    • E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
    • E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of oil field drilling equipment, and in particular relates to a directional double-tooth self-balancing PDC drill bit suitable for soft and hard interlayers.
  • PDC bit is currently the main drilling tool for oil and gas exploration and development. It has become the main tool for rock breaking as early as 10 years ago and plays an important role in the oil drilling industry. As my country's oil and gas exploration and development shift to deep and unconventional formations, problems such as complex geological conditions, hard formations, poor drillability, low ROP, and long drilling cycles are particularly prominent. At the same time, due to insufficient drilling energy at the bottom of the hole, the PDC bit is usually accompanied by different types of vibration during the drilling process, among which lateral vibration is the most destructive type of vibration, which may cause the bit to rotate, resulting in instantaneous failure of the bit and causing the bit early damage.
  • Lateral vibration is usually caused by unbalanced tooth design and formation heterogeneity, especially in the transitional formation of soft and hard interlayers, due to the different mechanical parameters of the cutting teeth breaking rock, which usually leads to large lateral vibration of the drill bit. force fluctuations.
  • a self-balancing PDC bit based on directional double teeth is designed to improve the drilling stability and rock-breaking efficiency of the bit in formations with many soft and hard interlayers.
  • the present invention provides a self-balancing PDC bit based on directional double teeth, which reduces the drill bit’s hard and soft interlayer. Lateral force fluctuations in the interlayer improve the drilling stability of the drill bit.
  • the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a directional double-tooth self-balancing PDC drill bit suitable for soft and hard interlayers, the drill bit includes a drill body and blades and nozzles arranged on the drill body; the number of blades is 5
  • the blades are equipped with a double-tooth structure, a front row of single teeth, a rear row of conical teeth and gauge teeth, and the rear row of conical teeth are arranged on the same track behind the front row of single teeth; the nozzles are arranged on each blade The crown straight line area and arc area.
  • the crown of the blade is a straight-arc crown, and the taper depth of the crown is moderate.
  • the lower part of the drill bit body is a male joint, and the lower end is provided with a screw thread, and the middle part is provided with a groove for making uphole make-up.
  • the blade is designed with double rows of cutting teeth on the same track, and the front row is a conventional cylindrical composite sheet, which is respectively arranged with a single-tooth structure and a double-tooth structure.
  • the single-tooth structure is arranged on blades 1, 3, and 5, and the rear row is arranged as conical cutting teeth.
  • the depth of the row of teeth eating into the formation can effectively control the stick-slip vibration.
  • the single-tooth structure gradually increases the back-dip angle from the center of the drill bit to the gauge area along the crown section, so as to improve the rock-breaking efficiency.
  • the force balance structure is a three-stage force balance structure, specifically, every five conventional single teeth are divided into groups along the crown section from the center of the drill bit to the gauge end, forming four force balance cutting tooth groups in total.
  • the parameters of tooth layout are optimized for each group, between groups and circumferential angles to form the force balance within the group, the force balance between groups and the overall force balance of the drill bit, thus forming a three-level force balance structure.
  • This design can improve the drilling stability of the drill bit in transitional formations (soft and hard interlayers). Different groups of cutting teeth cut different formations, so that the lateral force balance is maintained within the group. Even if the cutting teeth groups are in different It can also maintain drilling stability in the formation.
  • the tooth arrangement method of the directional double teeth is as follows: sort the above-mentioned force-balanced cutting tooth groups, only arrange the double teeth at the corresponding positions of the last two single teeth of the odd group, adjust the angle and distance, and carry out the interference of the tooth arrangement structure Judgment, the last two teeth of the corresponding even group are removed.
  • the double teeth are arranged at a certain interval and included angle. The distance is very small, so that the stress area generated by the double teeth can effectively interfere and superimpose, thereby increasing the stress peak value in the superimposed area, effectively improving the rock breaking efficiency and expanding the crushing area.
  • the center of the double tooth produces a rock ridge with a certain width, which is beneficial to improve the stability of the drill bit and reduce lateral vibration.
  • the principle of the directional double-tooth structure is to replace the original single-tooth structure with a double-tooth structure with a certain small spacing and a certain directional angle, which makes the directional double-tooth structure partly separated from the crown section, and first contacts the formation in hard formations.
  • a large crushing area and prefabricated underground cracks are formed, and the stress of the original rock is unloaded in advance, thereby improving the rock breaking efficiency of the single-tooth structure.
  • double teeth and single teeth work together to break rock, which also improves the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit.
  • the directional double-tooth self-balancing PDC drill bit is suitable for soft and hard formations, and can improve the stability and rock breaking efficiency of the PDC drill bit in the soft and hard formations.
  • the unique directional double-tooth structure improves the rock-breaking efficiency through stress interference superposition, expands the crushing area and promotes the expansion of underground cracks, thereby improving the single-tooth rock-breaking efficiency.
  • the part of the double tooth breaks away from the crown section, and contacts the rock in advance in the hard formation, thereby forming a larger crushing zone and reducing the damage of the crown cutter, reducing the impact wear of the single tooth, and improving the rock breaking efficiency; in the soft formation and single Teeth work together to break rock, improving rock breaking efficiency.
  • the three-level force balance structure ensures that the lateral force of the drill bit will not increase sharply even when the drill bit is drilling in soft and hard interlayers and heterogeneous formations, thereby ensuring drilling stability.
  • Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of embodiment one
  • Fig. 2 is the top view structural representation of embodiment one;
  • Fig. 3 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of embodiment one
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the radial arrangement of teeth of the drill bit in the first embodiment.
  • the drill bit includes a drill body 1 and blades 2 and nozzles 3 arranged on the drill body 1; the number of blades 2 is 5, the blade 2 is equipped with a double-tooth structure 4, a front row of single teeth 5, a rear row of conical teeth 6 and a gauge tooth 7, and the rear row of conical teeth 6 is arranged on the same track behind the front row of single teeth 5;
  • the nozzles 3 are arranged in the straight line area and the arc area of the crown of each blade 2; the crown of the blade 2 is a straight line-arc crown, and the cone depth of the crown is moderate;
  • the drill body 1 The lower part is a male joint, and the lower end is provided with a screw thread, and the middle car has a groove for making up the well; the number of the nozzles 3 is 8.
  • c1, c2, d1 and d2 are the double teeth converted from single teeth
  • a1 represents the first tooth after the No. 4 single tooth in the circular arc area is transformed into a double tooth
  • a2 represents the No. It is the second tooth after the double tooth.
  • b1 represents the first tooth after the No. 5 single tooth in the circular arc area is converted into a double tooth
  • b2 represents the second tooth after the No.
  • Each tooth part of the double-tooth structure is separated from the crown section, so that the double-tooth structure first contacts the rock in the hard formation, and is pre-broken to form a larger crushing zone, unloading the stress of the original rock, protecting the single tooth in the front row of the crown, and promoting the initiation of underground cracks And development, so as to improve the crushing efficiency of the front single tooth.
  • the nozzles are respectively arranged in the straight line area and the arc area of the crown of each blade, so as to fully wash the cuttings and cool the cutting teeth.
  • each cutting tooth group is optimized for inner rotation angle, inter-group back rake angle and blade circumferential angle to form a three-level force balance structure, which effectively improves the drilling stability of the drill bit in soft and hard interlayers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine technique de l'équipement de forage de champ pétrolifère, et concerne en particulier un trépan à comprimé de diamant polycristallin (PDC) à équilibrage automatique à double dent directionnel approprié pour une intercouche molle et dure. Le trépan comprend un corps de trépan, et des lames et des buses agencés sur le corps de trépan ; cinq lames sont ménagées, une structure à double dent, des dents individuelles de rangée avant, des dents coniques de rangée arrière, et des dents de calibre sont agencées sur chaque lame, et les dents coniques de rangée arrière sont agencées derrière les dents uniques de rangée avant sur la même piste ; les buses sont agencées sur des zones droites en couronne et des zones arquées des lames ; la couronne de la lame est une couronne arquée-droite, et la profondeur de cône de la couronne est modérée ; la partie inférieure du corps de trépan est un raccord mâle, des filetages sont formés à l'extrémité inférieure, et une rainure qui facilite une fixation dans un puits est usinée au milieu. Une usure par impact de dent unique est réduite et l'efficacité de rupture de roche est améliorée.
PCT/CN2021/137798 2021-07-29 2021-12-14 Trépan à comprimé de diamant polycristallin (pdc) auto-équilibré à double dent directionnel approprié pour une intercouche molle et dure WO2023005108A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110863336.0A CN113404436B (zh) 2021-07-29 2021-07-29 一种适用于软硬夹层的定向双齿自平衡pdc钻头
CN202110863336.0 2021-07-29

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023005108A1 true WO2023005108A1 (fr) 2023-02-02

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PCT/CN2021/137798 WO2023005108A1 (fr) 2021-07-29 2021-12-14 Trépan à comprimé de diamant polycristallin (pdc) auto-équilibré à double dent directionnel approprié pour une intercouche molle et dure

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CN (1) CN113404436B (fr)
WO (1) WO2023005108A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN113404436B (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-08-09 东北石油大学 一种适用于软硬夹层的定向双齿自平衡pdc钻头
CN115596363B (zh) * 2022-12-15 2023-04-18 胜利油田万和石油工程技术有限责任公司 一种非连续性冠部曲线钻头

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CN113404436A (zh) * 2021-07-29 2021-09-17 东北石油大学 一种适用于软硬夹层的定向双齿自平衡pdc钻头

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